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The ENVIS Centre on Eastern Ghats is a decentralized Environmental Information Facility established by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India at EPTRI, Hyderabad with a focused theme on the Ecology of Eastern Ghats
EPTRI-ENVIS Newsletter
The Eastern GhatsE P T R I - E N V I S N e w s l e t t e r
ENVIS CENTRE ON ECOLOGY OF EASTERN GHATS
ENVIS CENTRE ON ECOLOGY OF EASTERN GHATSENVIRONMENT PROTECTION TRAINING & RESEARCH INSTITUTE
91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500 032, India.Ph: +91-40-23180120, 23180111 Fax: +91-40-23180135
URL: http://eptrienvis.nic.inEmail : [email protected]
ISSN No: 0974-2336
Printed Matter
EPTRI
Volume-24 Issue-1 January - March, 2018
Telangana
To Printed Matter
Sri.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Pin:....................................................................
From
Environment Protection Training and Research Institute (EPTRI)91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500 032, India.Ph : +91-040-23180103, 23180115, 23180100Fax No.:+40-23180135,Website: http://eptrienvis.nic.inEmail: [email protected]
ENVIS CoordinatorENVIS Centre on Ecology of Eastern Ghats
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Vol.24, No.1, 2018
Des
ign
by:
Md.
Kh
ader
, Sr.
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PT
RI
EPTRI-ENVIS Newsletter: Eastern Ghats
Schefflera roxburghii Gamble
Large climbing epiphytic shrub; stem more or less
terete, glabrous. Leaves digitate, 5-7 foliolate;
Leaflets unequal, ovate or elliptic, shortly and
suddenly pointed at apex, glabrous, chartaceous,
main nerves indistinct. Flowers yellow, in panicled
umbels. Calyx mouth truncate. Petals 3-6, valvate.
Fruit subglobose, 5-6 angled drupe. Fl. & Fr.: April –
November; Specimens examined: KCM 7710 (BSID).
References
Ahmedullah, M. and M. P. Nayar (1986) Endemic Plants of Indian Region. Vol.1 (Peninsular India) Botanical Surey of
India, Calcutta.
Asri, Y., 2003. Plant Diversity in Touran Biosphere Reservoir, Vol. 305, p:306. Publishing research institute of forests
and rangelands, Tehran, Iran.
Gamble, J. S. and C. E. C. Fischer (1915-35) Flora of the Presidency of Madras. London rep. ed. 1957. Calcutta.
Hooker,J.D., 1906. A Sketch of the Flora of British India. In: Imperial Gazetter of India, Oxford.
Mathew, 1984), Matthew, K. M. (1984) The Flora of Tamilnadu Carnatic. vol 3. The Rapinat Herbarium, Tiruchirapalli.
Nayar, M.P. (1996) 'Hot spots' of endemic plants of India, Nepal and Bhutan. Tropical Botanical Garden and Research
Institute, Palode, Trivandrum.
Nayar, M.P. and A.R.K. Sastry (1987) Red data book of Indian Plants. Vol. 1. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
Nayar, M.P. and A.R.K. Sastry (1990) Red data book of Indian Plants. Vol. 2&3. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
Rao, C. Kameswara, B. L. Geetha and G. Suresh (2003) Red list of threatened vascular plant species in India.
BSI. Calcutta.
Sandhya Rani, S. and T. Pullaiah (2002) A taxonomic survey of trees in Eastern Ghats. In: Proc. Nat. Seminar on
Conservation of Eastern Ghats, EPTRI- ENVIS. pp. 5-15.
Thammanna, K. Narayana Rao and K. Madhava Chetty (1994) Angiospermic Wealth of Tirumala, Department of
gardens, T.T.D. Publications, Tirupati.
World Conservation Monotoring Centre. (1992). Global Biodiversity. Status of the Earths Living Resources.
Chapman and Hall, London.
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Vol.24, No.1, 2018EPTRI-ENVIS Newsletter: Eastern Ghats
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EPTRI-ENVIS Newsletter: Eastern Ghats Vol.24, No.1, 2018
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ENVIS Team
EPTRI ActivitiesEPTRI Activities
Published by
EPTRI, Hyderabad
Supported by
Ministry of Environment, Forest and
Climate Change, Government of India
New Delhi, India.
Dr. M. Suneela, ENVIS Coordinator
Program Officer
Dr. K. Jyothi,
Dr. D. Veeranjaneyulu,
Dr. P. Venu,
Mr. Md. Khader,
Sr. Program Officer
Advisor : Emeritus Scientist
Designer : IT Assistant
ContentsEditorial
Homonoia intermedia Haines
Shrub; branches minutely pubescent, red. Leaves
oblong-obovate, usually obtuse or acute at tip,
coarsely serrate along margins, secondary nerves 7-
8. Female spikes up to 1.7 cm long; bracts and
bracteoles unequal, acuminate at apex. Outer sepals
longer than inner, red. Style more fimbriate. Fruits
globose, angular, shallowly 3-lobed, smooth and
reddish brown. Fl. & Fr.: March – June; Specimens
examined: KCM 8307(BSID).
Lophopogon kingii Hook. f.
Annuals. Culms tufted. Leaf sheaths softly villous,
acuminate at apex; nodes glabrous; leaf blades linear-
lanceolate, acuminate. Inflorescence spatheolate,
spatheous sheath narrowly lanceolate, caudate to
acuminate. Racemes 2, closely appressed together.
Spikelets densely imbricate, fragile, lower glumes of
the lowest spikelets closely nerved, with tufts of hair on
the margins; lower sessile an d upper 2 pedicelled
spikelets, dissimilar, bisexual. Fl. & Fr.: September –
November; Specimens examined:KCM 7061 (BSID
Pavetta crassicaulis Bremek.
Large shrub; young branches g labrous,
subquadrangular. Leaves petiolate, obovate-
oblanceolate. Stipules broader than long with
cuspidate tips. Flowers white in large corymbose
panicles covered with cork up to the base of the
inflorescence. Corolla tube glabrous. Stamens 4,
inserted on corolla tube. Fruit green, turning black
when ripe, globose. Fl. & Fr.: July – December;
Specimens examined:KCM 5143 & 5213 (BSID).
This issue highlights on “Important endemics of
Satkosia Tiger Reserve, Odisha State”
Satkosia was declared as Satkosia Tiger Reserve in
2007. Strategically, the tiger reserve located between
two biogeographical zones viz., Eastern Ghat
plateau and Chhotanagpur plateau, disrupted by
discontinuous hill ranges of Eastern Ghats.
Floristic studies show 779 taxa belonging to 504
genera & 117 families. There are 14 monotypic
genera found in this tiger reserve. There are 4315
endemic flowering plants occurred in India based on
recent works, of which 119 endemic species found to
Odisha state, of which 30 species are exclusive
narrow endemic to the state. 14 endemic taxa are
reported from present study area.
This issue also focus on Rare plants of Satkosia
Tiger Reserve such as Dimeria mooneyi, Dimeria
orissae, Diplacum poklei, Garcinia cowa, Homalium
nepalense, Homonoia intermedia, Lobelia
alsinoides, Lophopogon kingii, Microchirita hamosa,
Natsiatum herpeticum, Peristylis parishii, Rauvolfia
serpentina, Schefflera roxburghii, Toona ciliata,
Tylophora fasciculata and Uvaria hamiltonii.
ENVIS Coordinator
The
Satkosia Gorge with its magnificent look has rich
floral & faunal diversity towards northern side.
Release of the State of Environment Report
Telangana State 2015: The SoERTS 2015 was th
released on January 6 2018, by Shri.Jogu Ramanna
,Minister of Environment, Forest Science &
Technology and BC Welfare, Govt. of Telangana, and
Shri.Mahesh Sharma, Minister of State for
Environment, Forests and Climate Change,Ministry
of culture, Minister of State(IC), in presence
Mr.B.Kalyan Chakravarthy, Director General, EPTRI,
Shri.S.D.Mukherji, Advisor, EPTRI, Dr.M.Suneela,
ENVIS Co-ordinator, and Envis team of PETRI.
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Vol.24, No.1, 2018EPTRI-ENVIS Newsletter: Eastern GhatsVol.24, No.1, 2018
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EPTRI-ENVIS Newsletter: Eastern Ghats
IMPORTANT ENDEMICS OF SATKOSIA TIGER RESERVE, ODISHA STATE
1 2K. Chandramohan * & P.V. Prasanna1Forest Survey of India, Northern Zone, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh - 171 001.
2Botanical Survey of India, Deccan Regional Centre, Hyderabad,Telangana - 500 048. * Corresponding E mail: [email protected]
IMPORTANT ENDEMICS OF SATKOSIA TIGER RESERVE, ODISHA STATE
1 2K. Chandramohan * & P.V. Prasanna1Forest Survey of India, Northern Zone, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh - 171 001.
2Botanical Survey of India, Deccan Regional Centre, Hyderabad,Telangana - 500 048. * Corresponding E mail: [email protected]
Documenting flora of any area is vital to unravel the
floristic richness and in planning conservation
programmes to save the fast eroding Biodiversity. The
Eastern Ghats portions of Odisha is unique, harbours
rich flora with many endemic species. Estimated
number of flowering plants in Odisha state is ca. 3000
(Biswal & Nair, 2008). As a part of the scientific
programme of Botanical Survey of India, the present
work on inventorying the flora of the Satkosia Tiger
Reserve in Odisha State has been initiated in 2013.
Satkosia Tiger Reserve ranks as second largest home
for the population of Elephants and Tigers in Odisha. It
is a meeting point of two bio-geographical regions of
India: Deccan peninsular and Eastern Ghats,
contributing the rich biodiversity.
Study area:
Satkosia Tiger Reserve, Odisha state is situated in
central tract of Odisha and a part of Mahanadi river
bank, forms natural gorge. It was declared as Satkosia
Tiger Reserve in 2007. Strategically, the tiger reserve
located between two biogeographical zones viz.,
Eastern Ghat plateau and Chhotanagpur plateau,
disrupted by discontinuous hill ranges of Eastern
Ghats. The River Mahanadi traverses through the
reserve and forms a gorge at a stretch of seven miles,
which gives the tiger reserve its name. It is spread in
963 sq. km area in Angul, Boudh, Nayagarh & Cuttack
districts. Major part of the reserve has undulating hills,
plains with innumerable streams and nalas. Satkosia
as a biological shelter has tremendous value and is
considered as an important biogeography zone forming
a link between forest of Central India and South India.
Satkosiacontains significant forest resources of the
Deccan Peninsular biogeographic zone and also the
wettest part of Deccan Zone and has a sizeable central
India's elephant population inhabiting in deciduous
forests. The Satkosia Gorge with its magnificent look
has rich floral & faunal diversity towards northern side.
Floristic studies on Satkosia Tiger Reserve was
undertaken as a part of Flora of India project of
Botanical Survey of India with an aim to create a
database of plant diversity of protected areas on Rare,
endemic and threatened plant species, economically and
medicinally important.
The varied topographical features, high rainfall and
geological conditions have favoured the formation of
different Vegetational types. As per Champion and Seth
(1968), the reserve's vegetation falls in 4 major
categories viz. 1. Tropical semi-evergreen forests, 2.
Moist peninsular Sal forests, 3. Northern dry mixed
deciduous forests and 4. Riparian forests.
Floristic studies on Satkosia Tiger Reserve has resulted
in documenting 779 taxa belonging to 504 genera& 117
families.There are 14 monotypic genera found in this
tiger reserve. There are 4315 endemic flowering plants
occurred in India based on recent works (Singh et al,
2015). Of which 119 endemic species found to Odisha
state, of which 30 species are exclusive narrow endemic
to the state. 14 endemic taxa are reported from present
study area.The endemic plants of peninsular India &
Odisha found in the reserve are: Aspidopterys indica,
Chionanthus mala-e lengi , Cycas or ixensis ,
Cymbopogon gidarba, Dimeria connivens var.
roxburghiana, D. orissae, D. mooneyi, Diplacrum poklei,
Epithema dentatum subsp. hispidum, Eriolaena stocksii,
Homonoia intermedia, Lophopogon kingii, Pavetta
crassicaulis and Schefflera roxburghii. The species
Aspidopteris indica and Scleria poklei (= Diplacrum
poklei) were assessed as rare and data deficient
(Ahmedullah & Nayar, 1987). The endemic species need
to be evaluated for their threat status threatened and
conservation value.
Rare plants of Satkosia Tiger Reserve:
Dimeria mooneyi, Dimeria orissae, Diplacum poklei,
Garcinia cowa, Homalium nepalense, Homonoia
intermedia, Lobelia alsinoides, Lophopogon kingii,
Microchirita hamosa, Natsiatum herpeticum, Peristylis
parishii, Rauvolfia serpentina, Schefflera roxburghii,
Toona ciliata, Tylophora fasciculata and Uvaria hamiltonii
are found to be rare distribution in the Satkosia Tiger
Reserve.
Diplacrum poklei (Wad. Khan) K.C. Mohan
Annual herb. Stem triquetrous, capillary, ribbed and
narrowly winged. Leaves all cauline. Inflorescence
axillary, in clusters; spikelets 8-15 in cluster, unisexual;
Peduncles inserted in dilated leaf sheath. Involucral
bracts many, scabrid along margins. Male spikelets
few, oblong, sessile, attached at the base of the
female spikelets, 1-2 flowered, glumes 2-3, thinly
membraneous, hyaline along margins. Nut greyish,
obtusely trigonous, ovoid, reticulate between the three
ribs, sparsely hispidulous and mucronate at apex. Fl.
& Fr. : September– October ; Spec imens
examined:KCM 6797 (BSID).
Epithema dentatum subsp. hispidum (C.B.Clarke)
Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
Small succulent herb. Leaves opposite, ovate,
serrulate along margins, obtuse or rounded at apex,
cordate at base, pubescent on both the surfaces.
Flowers blue, small, in dense bracteate scorpioid
cymes; bracts large, solitary, hooded. Calyx
campanulate; lobes 5, acute, valvate in bud. Corolla
small, tubular, 2-lipped, ring of hairs within. Stamens
4; upper two perfect. Capsule globose, membranous,
included in the calyx. Fl. & Fr.: August – October;
Specimens examined: KCM 6720 (BSID).
Eriolaena stocksii Hook. f. & Thomson ex Mast.
Small tree; bark purplish; young branches stellately
pubescent. Leaves petioled; leaf blade orbicular,
deeply cordate at base, shortly acuminate at apex;
stipules linear-falcate, early deciduous. Flowers
yellow, at the top of the long peduncle, in few flowered
lax axillary racemose cymes; involucral bracts
multifid, segments many, linear or filiform, clothed with
dense stellately pubescent. Fruit capsule up to 5.4 x
2.4 cm, stellately pubescent, rough. Fl. & Fr.: May –
September; Specimens examined: KCM 8303 (BSID).
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Vol.24, No.1, 2018EPTRI-ENVIS Newsletter: Eastern GhatsVol.24, No.1, 2018
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EPTRI-ENVIS Newsletter: Eastern Ghats
Aspidopterys indica (Willd.) W.Theob.
Scandent shrub; branches slender pubescent when young.
Leaves broadly ovate to elliptic, entire, sparsely puberulous
on nerves beneath, rounded at base. Flowers white, small
in rusty pubescent panicles. Calyx campanulate, lobes
ovate, obtuse at apex, pubescent. Petals obovate,
concave, clawed, reflexed. Styles 3. Samaras with 3 elliptic
wings, membranous, glabrous. Fl. & Fr.: September –
January; Specimens examined: KCM 5297 & 5909
(BSID).
Dimeria connivens var. roxburghiana K.C. Mohan &
Prasanna 2017.
Annuals. Culms erect, 40–50 cm high; nodes hairy,
clothed with leaf sheath. Leaf sheath terete, margins
pilose with tubercle based hairs. Racemes 2 or 3,
erect,eventually divergent, 4.2–7.0 cm long. Rachis
narrowly winged, triquetrous, ciliate along margins,
0.9–1.0 mm wide, zig-zag. Spikelets solitary. Lower
glume linear-lanceolate. Upper glume elliptic-oblong.
Lower lemma lanceolate. Upper lemma elliptic.
Caryopsis lanceolate, 2.0–2.4 × 0.2–0.3 mm, brown. Fl.
& Fr.: August – October; Specimens examined:KCM
8354 (BSID). a
Dimeria mooneyi Raizada ex Mooney
Annuals. Culms erect; nodes bearded. Leaf sheath
terete, pilose with tubercle based hairs; ligules
membranous, ciliate at apex; leaf blades linear -
lanceolate, acuminate at apex,tuberculate hairy on
both sides. Racemes 1-2, divergent; rachis narrowly
winged, 1.5 mm wide. Spikelets subsessile, oblong,
acute at apex, awned, callus bearded. Caryopsis
oblong.
Fl. & Fr.: August – October; Specimens examined:
KCM 6785 (BSID). Cycas orixensis (Haines) R. Singh & J.S. Khuraijam
Trunk slender, unbranched. Leaves pinnately
compound, with 40-96 pairs of pinnae. Male cones
ovoid, yellowish-orange. Mega sporophylls tomentose,
amber coloured; lamina lanceolate; lateral spines on
either side; apical spine distinct from lateral. Ovules 4-6,
glabrous. Fl. & Fr.: May – September; Specimens
examined:KCM6728 (BSID).
Chionanthus mala-elengi (Dennst.) P.S. Green
Small tree. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic-oblong, obtuse
or suddenly narrowed to a small blunt acumen,
glabrous. Flowers yellowish-white, axillary, on
fascicled peduncles; bracts minute. Calyx 4-fid, lobes
ovate, acute. Petals 4, cohering at the very base,
linear-lanceolate, acute, glabrous. Drupe ellipsoid,
endocarp crustaceous. Fl. & Fr.: January – April;
Specimens examined:KCM 6519 (BSID).
Dimeria orissae Bor
Annuals. Culms tufted, erect; nodes bearded. Leaf
sheath terete, pilose with tubercle based hairs; ligules
membranous, ciliate at apex; leaf blades linear -
lanceolate, acuminate at apex, sparsely tuberculate
hairy. Racemes 2-3, divergent; rachis narrowly winged,
0.6-0.7 mm wide, ciliated along margins. Spikelets
subsessile, elliptic-oblong, acute at apex, awned, callus
bearded. Caryopsis oblong.; Fl. & Fr.: August – October;
Specimens examined:KCM 7799 (BSID).