TELANGANA TELANGANA MOVEMENTMOVEMENT

Presented By:-Presented By:-

Pravej Alam SiddiquiPravej Alam Siddiqui

Kula KamalKula Kamal

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

TelanganaTelangana is a region of is a region of Andhra PradeshAndhra Pradesh state state in in IndiaIndia..

It has area of 1,14,840 km.It has area of 1,14,840 km. It's population is 3,06,96,520[2001 sensus].It's population is 3,06,96,520[2001 sensus]. The name means "land of Telugu people". It The name means "land of Telugu people". It

consits of the consits of the TeluguTelugu speaking parts of the speaking parts of the erstwhile princely state of erstwhile princely state of HyderabadHyderabad. .

The region lies on the The region lies on the DeccanDeccan plateau to the plateau to the west of the west of the Eastern GhatsEastern Ghats range, and includes range, and includes the northwestern interior districts of the northwestern interior districts of WarangalWarangal, , AdilabadAdilabad, , KhammamKhammam, , MahabubnagarMahabubnagar, , NalgondaNalgonda, , RangareddyRangareddy, , KarimnagarKarimnagar, , NizamabadNizamabad, , MedakMedak, and the state capital of , and the state capital of Andhra Pradesh of which telangana is a region Andhra Pradesh of which telangana is a region is is HyderabadHyderabad

The The KrishnaKrishna and and GodavariGodavari rivers flow through rivers flow through the region from west to east.the region from west to east.

Map of TelanganaMap of Telangana

HISTORYHISTORY

The Telangana region is believed to have been The Telangana region is believed to have been mentioned in the mentioned in the MahabharataMahabharata as the as the Telinga KingdomTelinga Kingdom..

When When India became independentIndia became independent from the from the British EmpireBritish Empire, the , the Nizam of HyderabadNizam of Hyderabad wanted to retain his independence, but the wanted to retain his independence, but the Government of IndiaGovernment of India amalgamated his state by amalgamated his state by force on September 17, 1948; after executing force on September 17, 1948; after executing Operation PoloOperation Polo by the by the Indian ArmyIndian Army. .

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When India became independent, the When India became independent, the TeluguTelugu--speaking people were distributed in about 22 speaking people were distributed in about 22 districtsdistricts; ; 9 of them in the Telangana region of Nizam's 9 of them in the Telangana region of Nizam's Dominions (Dominions (Hyderabad StateHyderabad State), 12 in the ), 12 in the Madras PresidencyMadras Presidency ( (Andhra regionAndhra region) and one in ) and one in French-controlled French-controlled YanamYanam..

Telangana had tasted democracy for the first time Telangana had tasted democracy for the first time when it participated in general elections and elected when it participated in general elections and elected Dr.Dr.Burgula Ramakrishna RaoBurgula Ramakrishna Rao as the Chief minister of as the Chief minister of Hyderabad StateHyderabad State

Merger of Telangana and AndhraMerger of Telangana and Andhra

Between 1948 and 1956 Telangana was a Between 1948 and 1956 Telangana was a separate state.separate state.

In December 1953, the In December 1953, the States Reorganization CommissionStates Reorganization Commission was was appointed to prepare for the creation of states appointed to prepare for the creation of states on linguistic lines. on linguistic lines.

The The States Reorganization CommissionStates Reorganization Commission (SRC) (SRC) was not in favour of an immediate merger of was not in favour of an immediate merger of Telangana region with Telangana region with Andhra stateAndhra state, despite , despite the common language between the two.the common language between the two.

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Prime ministerPrime minister Jawaharlal NehruJawaharlal Nehru initially initially ridiculed the idea of merging Telangana with ridiculed the idea of merging Telangana with the the Andhra StateAndhra State..

Telangana was merged with Andhra to form Telangana was merged with Andhra to form the new state of Andhra Pradesh on November the new state of Andhra Pradesh on November 1,1956.1,1956.

Separate Telangana state movementSeparate Telangana state movement

When Jawaharlal Nehru announced the formation of When Jawaharlal Nehru announced the formation of a united Andhra Pradesh, he commented, "an a united Andhra Pradesh, he commented, "an innocent girl called Telangana is being married to a innocent girl called Telangana is being married to a naughty boy called Andhra. It is their choice to naughty boy called Andhra. It is their choice to continue or to get separated.“continue or to get separated.“

Today the people of Telangana say that the innocent Today the people of Telangana say that the innocent girl can no longer stay married to the naughty boy. girl can no longer stay married to the naughty boy. Several proponents of the movement say that it is Several proponents of the movement say that it is high time their 'state' is given back to them high time their 'state' is given back to them

1969 Movement1969 Movement

In the following years after the formation of Andhra In the following years after the formation of Andhra Pradesh state, however, Telangana people had a Pradesh state, however, Telangana people had a number of complaints about how the agreements and number of complaints about how the agreements and guarantees were implementedguarantees were implemented..

Discontent with the 1956 Discontent with the 1956 Gentleman's agreementGentleman's agreement intensified in January 1969 when the guarantees that intensified in January 1969 when the guarantees that had been agreed on were supposed to lapse.had been agreed on were supposed to lapse.

During the movement Government promised During the movement Government promised to correct the violation to to correct the violation to Gentleman's agreementGentleman's agreement in jobs, budget in jobs, budget allocations, educational facilities. allocations, educational facilities.

Movement in 1990-2004Movement in 1990-2004

The emotions and forces generated by the The emotions and forces generated by the movement, in 1969, were not strong enough, movement, in 1969, were not strong enough, however, for a continuing drive for a separate state however, for a continuing drive for a separate state until 1990s when Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), until 1990s when Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), promised a separate Telangana state if they came to promised a separate Telangana state if they came to power.power.

But the BJP could not create a separate Telangana But the BJP could not create a separate Telangana state because of the opposition from its coalition state because of the opposition from its coalition partner, Telugu Desam Partypartner, Telugu Desam Party

WHY SEPRATE TELANGANA WHY SEPRATE TELANGANA STATE ?STATE ?

Telangana is the largest single region of the Telangana is the largest single region of the three regions of Andhra Pradesh state,(Coastal three regions of Andhra Pradesh state,(Coastal Andhra, Rayalaseema regions (Andhra region) Andhra, Rayalaseema regions (Andhra region) & Telangana).& Telangana).

Telangana Telangana covering 41.47% of its total area, is covering 41.47% of its total area, is inhabited by 40.54% of the state’s population.inhabited by 40.54% of the state’s population.

NAME OF STATENAME OF STATE

The very first promise that was broken was The very first promise that was broken was regarding the name of the state.regarding the name of the state.

The Union government had promised us that The Union government had promised us that the state would be known as the Andhra the state would be known as the Andhra Telangana state.Telangana state.

However overnight, the leaders from the However overnight, the leaders from the Andhra and Rayalseema regions managed to Andhra and Rayalseema regions managed to convince the government to change the name convince the government to change the name to Andhra Pradesh to Andhra Pradesh

REVENUSREVENUS

Telangana contributes about 76% to the state’s Telangana contributes about 76% to the state’s revenues.revenues.

From Central govt: 19.86% revenusFrom Central govt: 19.86% revenus From Telangana: 61.47%(including 37.17% From Telangana: 61.47%(including 37.17%

from capital).from capital). From Andhra: 14.71%From Andhra: 14.71% From Rayalaseema: 3.90%%From Rayalaseema: 3.90%%

IrrigationIrrigation

Within the state of Andhra Within the state of Andhra Pradesh,68.5% of catchment area of river Krishna Pradesh,68.5% of catchment area of river Krishna and 69% of catchment area of river Godavari are in and 69% of catchment area of river Godavari are in the Telangana region.the Telangana region.

TelanganaTelangana region barely gets 25 per cent of the river region barely gets 25 per cent of the river waters. waters.

Since the formation of Andhra Pradesh in 1956, Since the formation of Andhra Pradesh in 1956, successive governments have spent Rs 190 billion successive governments have spent Rs 190 billion on irrigation in coastal Andhra. In the same period, on irrigation in coastal Andhra. In the same period, less than Rs 35 billion has been spent on Telangana. less than Rs 35 billion has been spent on Telangana.

EducationEducation

Educationally, Telangana lags behind the rest of Educationally, Telangana lags behind the rest of Andhra Pradesh. Andhra Pradesh.

While the literacy rates in coastal Andhra and While the literacy rates in coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema are 46 and 45 per cent, respectively, it is Rayalaseema are 46 and 45 per cent, respectively, it is only 37 per cent in Telangana.only 37 per cent in Telangana.

Telangana has only one university. Coastal Andhra Telangana has only one university. Coastal Andhra has three, and Rayalaseema, seven. Of the 91 has three, and Rayalaseema, seven. Of the 91 polytechnics in the state, only 20 are in Telangana. Of polytechnics in the state, only 20 are in Telangana. Of the 72 government technical institutes, just 26 are in the 72 government technical institutes, just 26 are in this region. this region.

Budget AllocationsBudget Allocations

Expenditure incurred on this region has never Expenditure incurred on this region has never been more than 25% to 30% of total been more than 25% to 30% of total expenditure of Andhra Pradesh. Most years, expenditure of Andhra Pradesh. Most years, funds allocated to Telangana were never fully funds allocated to Telangana were never fully spent.spent.

JobsJobs

Only 20% of total Government employees, Only 20% of total Government employees, less than 10% employees in secretariate, less less than 10% employees in secretariate, less than 5% of head of the departments in Andhra than 5% of head of the departments in Andhra Pradesh are from Telangana. Pradesh are from Telangana.

In 1985, Chief Minister N T Rama Rao In 1985, Chief Minister N T Rama Rao pledged 60,000 jobs for youth in the region. pledged 60,000 jobs for youth in the region. "But nothing happened. "But nothing happened.

DemographyDemography

9 out of 10 districts in the Telangana region of 9 out of 10 districts in the Telangana region of Andhra Pradesh are recognized by the Andhra Pradesh are recognized by the Government of India as backward.Government of India as backward.

According to the Backword Regions Grant According to the Backword Regions Grant Fund 2009-10, 13 districts are located in Fund 2009-10, 13 districts are located in Andhra Pradesh, 9 are from Telangana and the Andhra Pradesh, 9 are from Telangana and the rest are from other region.rest are from other region.

Telangana’ State: Dream come true?Telangana’ State: Dream come true?

The Telangana movement The Telangana movement got the man and momentum got the man and momentum under the leadership of K. under the leadership of K. Chandrashekar Rao (KCR).Chandrashekar Rao (KCR).

The response Mr. Rao has The response Mr. Rao has obtained is indeed unique; obtained is indeed unique; and his credibility owes to and his credibility owes to his renouncing positions of his renouncing positions of power on many occasions. power on many occasions.

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Telegu Desam Party and the Praja Rajyam Telegu Desam Party and the Praja Rajyam Party had said that they would support the bill Party had said that they would support the bill if it is introduced. if it is introduced.

Terrible violence due to Telangana Terrible violence due to Telangana MovementMovement

As Andhra Pradesh As Andhra Pradesh boils over the Telangana boils over the Telangana issue, public and private issue, public and private properties worth over properties worth over Rs. 250 crore were Rs. 250 crore were destroyed by protesters destroyed by protesters in all the three regions in all the three regions of the state so.of the state so.

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In the Telangana region, the Andhra Pradesh Road In the Telangana region, the Andhra Pradesh Road Transport Corporation faced a loss of Rs 7 crore due Transport Corporation faced a loss of Rs 7 crore due to the protests.to the protests.

Whereas in Andhra and Rayalseema the losses were Whereas in Andhra and Rayalseema the losses were to the tune of Rs 70 crore and this was largely to the tune of Rs 70 crore and this was largely because buses were being burnt.because buses were being burnt.

The Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited too had said that The Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited too had said that at the Shrikrishna Devaraya University at at the Shrikrishna Devaraya University at Rayalseema, students had burnt its optic fibres which Rayalseema, students had burnt its optic fibres which resulted in a loss of Rs 2 crore. resulted in a loss of Rs 2 crore.

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There was also an There was also an incident in which incident in which supporters of J C supporters of J C Divakar Reddy in Divakar Reddy in Rayalseema had Rayalseema had bombed a railway bombed a railway station, causing a loss of station, causing a loss of Rs 10 crore. Rs 10 crore.

Proposed Telangana State Proposed Telangana State Formation ProcessFormation Process

On December 9, 2009, at 11:30 PM, Mr. P. On December 9, 2009, at 11:30 PM, Mr. P. Chidambaram, Union Minister of Home Chidambaram, Union Minister of Home Affairs announced that the Indian government Affairs announced that the Indian government will start the process of forming a separate will start the process of forming a separate Telangana state.Telangana state.

On December 23, the Government of India On December 23, the Government of India announced that no action on Telangana will be announced that no action on Telangana will be taken until a consensus is reached by all taken until a consensus is reached by all parties. parties.

ConclusionConclusion

"Telangana is the best example of "Telangana is the best example of discrimination in the country," he continues, discrimination in the country," he continues, "because despite having elected two chief "because despite having elected two chief ministers and one prime minister, the region ministers and one prime minister, the region has been given a raw deal in education, has been given a raw deal in education, irrigation, budget allocation and job irrigation, budget allocation and job opportunities." opportunities."

Telangana People Say’sTelangana People Say’s