7th Grade

TEKS Review7th Grade1PhotosynthesisRadiant energy from the sun is converted to chemical energy during the process of photosynthesis.

T/F- Only plants perform photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis is performed mainly in the leaves of plants.

Chlorophyll (found in the chloroplasts) is green in color, and is where photosynthesis occurs.

Sunlight + Carbon Dioxide + Water Glucose + Oxygen2TropismPhototropism- response to light

Geotropism- response to gravity

Hydrotropism- response to water

Thigmotropism- response to touch

3Living vs. Non-LivingBiotic- living, or once livingExs: Trees, birds, decomposing leaves, fungus, peopleCharacteristics of Living Things:Have cellsHave DNAGrow and developReproduceRequire energySense and respond to stimuliAbiotic- non-livingExs: Sand, water, rocks, wind4Energy Transformation & PyramidProducers- plants; organisms that make their own food (usually by photosynthesis)

Consumers- an organism that eats producers or other organisms for energyPrimary consumers: herbivoresSecondary consumers: eat other consumers (& plants)Tertiary consumers: consumer at the top of the food pyramid

5Energy Transformation & PyramidOmnivore- consumer that eats plants & animals

Herbivore- consumer that eats plants

Carnivore- consumer that eats other animals

Decomposer- organism that gets energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms or animal wastes

6Energy Pyramid7Food Web

8Food Chain

9EcosystemsCommunity- all the populations in an ecosystem

Species- all organisms of the same kind that adapted to a particular set of resources (called a niche) in the environment

Ecosystem- smaller part of the biosphere consisting of the organisms & non-living features that interact in an area

Population- made up of all the organisms in an ecosystem that belong to the same species10BiomesBiome- large geographic areas with similar climates and ecosystems (desert, tundra, etc.)

11AdaptationsPlants & animals adapt (change, adjust) to their environments in order to survive.

Adaptation examples: Growing fur in cold environmentsColoring to blend into environmentTeeth designed for types of food (for tearing meat, grinding plants)Eyes located on top of or on the sides of the head

12Ecological SuccessionSuccession- the orderly changes an ecosystem goes through as it develops or regrows (happens over time)Primary Succession- begins in an area that has not been previously occupied by a community (exs-exposed rock); there is no soilSecondary Succession- begins on an area where a community has previously existed; is on soilPioneer Species- first species to begin growing in an area (moss & lichen)Climax Community- the end of succession; it is in equilibrium with the environment13HomeostasisHomeostasis- maintaining a stable internal environment

Our bodies respond to internal stimuli by vomiting and causing fever. This happens to maintain homeostasis.

In order to cool the body, we sweat.

In order to warm up, our body shivers.

14Parts of a Flower

15Asexual ReproductionNeeds only 1 parentGenetic information isnt mixed, so offspring are genetically identical to parentsProblems will always be passed on b/c offspring are clones of the parents

Examples:Cuttings

Runners

16Sexual ReproductionRequires two parentsNew individuals (offspring) are varied from parents b/c they are a mix of genetics from both parentsMore genetic variation

Examples:FruitSeeds

17GeneticsDominant trait-trait that, when present, will appear (represented in genotypes by capital letters)

Recessive trait- trait that does not appear when dominant traits are present (represented in genotypes by lower case letters)

Genotype- (AA, Aa, aa) alleles of a genePhenotype- (tall, short) an organisms appearance18