UNIVERSITY AUTONOMUS OF CIUDAD JUAREZ

Institute of Biomedical Sciences

School of Dentistry

“Dental Materials”

117702 Briseyda Ayala DR. Alfredo Névarez Rascón

DATE: 10-FEBRUARY-12

FIG.1

It is the process used to treat teeth for aesthetic purposes,

eliminating the effect of staining or discoloration of extrinsic or intrinsic origin.

PIC.2 Before-After

"Reddish are their eyes more than wine and the whiteness of your teeth more than milk"

The canons of beauty. 2000 BC Egyptians possessed cosmetic "teeth healthy and

white symbolized signs of health, cleanliness and strength."Cavemen wanted to have large canine strength and health.Ancient imperial China, widows dyed their teeth black as a

sign of surrender to the beauty.

 

Maya, were made inlaid teeth and smooth his edges like a good social standing

PIC.3 Mayas

PIC.4 inlays

Over 92% of adults agree that an attractive smile is an important social asset88% always remember someone with an especially attractive smile85% agree that an unattractive smile is not attractive to the opposite sex.74% agree that an unattractive smile can lessen the chances of professional successOnly 50% are satisfied with your smile

Teeth can have an infinite variety of color range because of different reasons, mainly the color is genetically (skin color).

The color is given by the set of structures that form the teeth as are the thickness and quality enamel, dentin color and quantity.

INTRINSIC EXTRINSIC

ARE: stains within the tooth.- Occur from the inside out, in the period in which the tooth is completing his training (ripening) or by some internal event such as bleeding pulp and produces a color change

Tetracycline stains - stains teeth, a period which results in the formation of tooth structure during the first 3 years of life.

PIC.5 Colouring by tetracyclines during the period of tooth formation PIC.6

Spots by excessive fluoride intake of fluoride, there are three types of fluorosis

Mild dental fluorosis: There are streaks or lines across the tooth surface

Moderate dental fluorosis: the teeth are highly resistant to decay but have opaque white spots

Severe dental fluorosis: enamel is brittle and has brown spots

Posteruptivas those that appear after the eruption of teeth by:

Shock or chipped teethAging of the toothFrom the age of 50 teeth become more yellow or opaque, have a darker gray

PIC. 7 Stains by fluoroscopy PIC.8

ARE: Stains come out of the tooth- ingestion of food, beverages, or contact with other pigmenting agents.

its initial fixation is performed through hydrogen bonds to proteins of dental plaque deposited and fixed to the tooth by calcium bridges

PIC. 9 Tea PIC. 10 Coffee

PIC. 11 Wine PIC. 12 Snuff-Nicotine

Internal bleaching: (in non-vital teeth only) and in the case of a tooth endodontic (root canal treatments with sodium perborate) and may be supplemented by external whitening techniques.

External bleaching (vital teeth), involves the application of substances on the outside of the tooth.

Carbamide peroxide-In general outpatient

Hydrogen peroxide: Basically for Clinical treatments

STEPSCleaning, protection of the gum, gel application in ferrule and placement as this, application of special light, removal of the gel.

PIC.15 Before of whitening PIC.16 After whitening

PIC.13 Before whitening PIC.14 After whitening

ClinicHydrogen peroxide 35%carbamide peroxide 35%

Outpatient:Carbamide peroxide 10-30%

Descomposes into:•3% hydrogen peroxide (active element)•7% urea (raises the pH of the solution)

Whitening ClinicWhitening OutpatientWhitening Mixed

 

In home:Molds take the patient's mouth and is made in a ferrule (flexible

plastic structure) which conform to the shape of the teeth. One for the upper teeth and one for the lower teeth.

They are transparent, do not botherIt gives the patient the two braces and whitening kit containing

syringes with the bleaching product.Every night for 20-30 days, after brushing a small amount is

deposited in the splint, at the height of each teeth whitening, and put in mouth for 3 hours.

After braces are removed from the mouth and cleaned with cold water to remove residual product and inactive.

PIC. 17 whitening Gel[peroxidehydrogen or carbamide]

PIC.18 splint

1 hour. (with full arch lamps that activate the product in all teeth whitening at the same time) with three or four short breaks to renew the bleaching product we put on the teeth.

There are products that are activated by a halogen plasma arc simultaneously activating all the teeth to be treated.

OOther products are activated by mixing the "base" and "catalyst". In these cases not necessary to input light of any type.

If for activation of the bleaching gel using conventional methods using hand lamps that illuminate tooth to tooth 5 minutes per tooth.

The procedure is time consuming

Been much more stable over time and presents the advantage of being successive annual reminders (after whitening booster).

Chemical activation technique or photoactivated technique, either with hydrogen peroxide or carbamide high concentration.

After the patient already has braces and whitening gel needs only to provide (individualized thermoplastic trays) and whitening agent: hydrogen peroxide and / or carbamide.

Three to four weeks or 3 to 7 days

About 15 tone, scale is easily defined according to the quality thatdistinguish between families of color (which is the same as the wavelength of theLight reflected from the teeth).4 tones:A (brown – reddish),B (orange – yellowish),C (gray – greenish), yD (gray –rose)

PIC. 19 arranged according to hue and chroma

Chromatic color is pigmented4 levels of chroma for each hue (1, 2, 3.4)A1, A2, A3, A4, where A1 is less saturated than A4.

PIC. 20 Vita sorted by value [LIGHT-DARK AND CLEAR]

ADVANTAGES DISAVANTAGES

Comfort and personal satisfaction

Not recommended for children

Reduces plaque dentobacterial

Peroxides allergy

Reducing the yellow color of the teeth between 5 and 14 shades

Sensitive teeth, decayed areas

The clinical whitening lasts only 1 hour

dental trauma

procedure is not painful or invasive

Duration time

Colgate Platnum® Carbamide peroxide 10%. manufacturer

Contrast PM® Carbamide peroxide 15 or 16%

Day White®   5.5% and 7.5% hydrogen peroxide. One or two sessions of 30 minutes a day with prefabricated splint.

Illumine®  gel that is activated through two separate syringes, containing 30% hydrogen peroxide for use only in consultation with prefabricated splint, with sessions of 30-60 minutes.

Opalescence® Quick Bleaching agent: carbamide peroxide. Concentration: 35%. Technical whitening: in-office bleaching with splints.

PIC. 21 Presentation