Technology in Latin American shrimp cultureshrimp.infofish.org/images/presentations/10 SHRIMP... ·...
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Technology in Latin American shrimp culture Laurence Massaut, Ph.D. R&D Director BioMar Ecuador
Transcript of Technology in Latin American shrimp cultureshrimp.infofish.org/images/presentations/10 SHRIMP... ·...
Technology in Latin American shrimp culture
Laurence Massaut, Ph.D.R&D Director BioMar Ecuador
Technology –Definition
Technology – The shrimp
Penaeus vannamei
Technology – The shrimp
Maturation:
Quarantine facilities to check: Virus presence Bacterial load
Brood stocks selection at the farm – Mass selection Growth (performance) Disease tolerance
Nucleus Breeding Centers All pathogens exposed High biosecurity & SPF
Natural mating / Mass spawning
Molecular markers assistanceMicrosatellites Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)
Technology – The shrimp
Genetic markers:
Technology – The shrimp
Genetic programs:
Technology – The shrimp
Maturation & Hatchery – Tendencies:
Increase in water treatment capacity, disinfection between cycles, and dry-out periods
Attention given to bacterial load and prevalence of important pathogens
Importance of immune priming – widespread use of probiotics, organic acids,
immunostimulants, ...
Quality checks performed: PL age and weight, nutrition, stress resistance, presence of
virus, bacterial load, etc…
Ecuador: «cheapest» larvae (USD 1.80 – 2.20 for 1,000 PL12)
Technology – The farming system
Mexico Guatemala
Honduras Brazil
Technology – The farming systemEcuador
Technology – The farming system
Farm results:
Ecuador
Country average Top 10% performer
Stocking density (#/m2) 12 - 15 20 – 25
Culture strategy Direct stocking Transfer after nursery
Grow-out time 125 days 95 days
Growth rate (g/day) 0.17 0.20 – 0.25 g/day
Survival from PL12 40-50% 55-60%
Yield (kg/ha) 1,100 – 1,300 2,500 – 4,000
FCR 1.6-1.8 1.3
Cycles per year 2.5 3.0
Technology – The farming system
Pumping station:
Water supply and quality control
Technology – The farming system
Water exchange:
To maintain or improve water quality:
Reduce phytoplankton presence and improve dissolved oxygen concentrations
Reduce organic matter accumulation in production ponds
Avoid accumulation of nitrogen compounds (ammonia)
Poor knowledge of exact water exchange capacity and actual quality of water source
Combined with the use of bioremediation during culture period and in between
Water supply and quality control
Technology – The farming system
Water re-use / Recirculation:
Improved and more stable
water quality
More common in low saline
areas
Water supply and quality control
Technology – The farming system
Aeration:
Incipient use in grow-out ponds (± 6-10 hp/ha)
Demonstrated benefit for nursery phase
Water supply and quality control
Technology – The farming system
Nursery:
Improve overall growth Better use of pond infrastructure
Production management
Technology – The farming system
Feed:
Hatchery: Particles 10 to 500 μm – Protein 50 to 65%
Nursery: Particles 0.5 to 1.2 mm – Protein 38 to 45%
Grow-out: Particles 1.2 to 2.0 mm – Protein 28% to 35%
Alternative ingredients / Health feed:
Feed and feeding techniques
Technology – The farming system
Feeding techniques:
Keep control on consumption
Automatic feeders New knowledge on how shrimp feedingMore flexibility of feeding schedule Increase carrying capacity
(limit went from 30-35 kg/ha-d to 50 kg/ha-d)
Feed and feeding techniques
Technology – The farming system
Automatic Feeders:
Feed and feeding techniques
Technology – The farming system
Control and real-time feedback:
Production monitoring and forecast
Technology – The farming system
Intelligent farming:
Production monitoring and forecast
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