Technology Day 2017 - Meyer Burger online · Technology Day 2017 . 30 November 2017, held at Meyer...
Transcript of Technology Day 2017 - Meyer Burger online · Technology Day 2017 . 30 November 2017, held at Meyer...
Technology Day 2017 30 November 2017, held at Meyer Burger (Germany) AG, Hohenstein-Ernstthal
Dr Hans Brändle, Chief Executive Officer
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Meyer Burger on track with strong order momentum – MB PERC new industry standard
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Long-term PV industry growth intact Cumulative end-installed capacity to grow further
with up to 25% p.a. until 2021
End-installed capacity could reach nearly 1 TW (1,000 GW) by 2021 vs. about 306 GW in 2016
For 2017 addition of around 100 GW possible Source: SolarPower Europe Global Market Outlook 2017-2021
Positive market momentum ongoing Good pipeline of customer projects for upgrades
and new capacity additions
Chinese Top Runner Program drives upgrade to PERC
PERC will be the new industry standard
PERC adaption much faster than predicted and therefore accelerating plans of leaders to earlier go for advanced cell technologies such as HJT
Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
Incoming orders comparison with YTD Jan – Oct 2017
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419 456
503
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100
200
300
400
500
600
FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 YTD Oct 2017
Comparable YTD data Jan - Oct of each year
+26% Oct ‘16 / Oct ‘17
comparison
MCHF
The “Who is Who” of the PV industry: Selected list of order wins / sales in 2017
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325.6 W! LONGi Solar’s 60 cell Hi-MO1 Module demonstrated another power record
− LONGi Solar received a test report from TUV Rheinland that its latest 60-cell Hi-MO1 module achieved power output of 325.6 W under standard testing conditions. Conversion efficiency reached 19.91%.
Source: LONGi Solar press release August 2, 2017
LONGi Solar’s PERC cell conversion efficiency achieves 22.43%
− Test report released by National Center of Supervision and Inspection on Solar Photovoltaic Product Quality shows that conversion efficiency of LONGi Solar’s monocrystalline PERC single-sided cell reached 22.43% at the highest level.
Source: LONGi Solar press release September 18, 2017
Industrial leaders are successful with MB PERC (1/2)
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Picture source: LONGi Solar
A customer success story enabled by Meyer Burger’s MB PERC technology.
REC achieves milestone efficiency for multi-crystalline solar cells
− A batch of cells processed in the production line delivered an average cell efficiency of 20.21% with the best cell at 20.47% measured by in-house tester with an external calibration cell.
Source: REC press release October 5, 2016
Industrial leaders are successful with MB PERC (2/2)
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Picture source: REC production facility in Tuas, Singapore
Various Tier-1 manufacturers use SiNA® / MAiA® tools to outperform other cell and module makers in solar and module efficiencies.
1993 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
A long way from first idea to industrialisation – MB PERC as a typical example
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First orders for PERC received by MB
Industrialisation phase for MB PERC technology
Pick-up in demand mainly supported by needs to upgrade with PERC
Further increase in orders during 2017; PERC demand expected to continue based on further upgrades; other technologies / systems such as ALD in test / qualification phase
2 7 7
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16
30
0
5
10
15
20
25
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2013/2014 2015 2016 2017 Jan-Oct
YTD Cumulated
Orders received for MB PERC equipment (MAiA®); capacity in GW
GW
Source: Meyer Burger Technology Ltd
Incoming orders for MAiA® 2.1 equipment Jan – Oct 2017 substantially above previous years
70% of incoming orders in PV equipment in 2017 from cell technologies (Jan – Oct 2017)
Momentum for MB PERC to continue
ALD technology: Asian players push hard to get stake in PERC equipment business
Next generation solution MAiA® EVO well suited for expansion projects; first equipment in production at launch customer by Dec 2017
Launch of MAiA® next generation with further improved customer value planned in 2018
New product launches: MAiA® EVO increasing cell efficiency and reducing handling Further product launches already in planning
First concept for PERC cell design by Prof Martin Green, UNSW, Australia
Simple upgrade of existing standard lines with excellent balance between investment and efficiency increase
Upgrades of all existing standard lines (multi- and mono-crystalline wafers) possible
Standard Module (60 cells): +15 Watt (Wp) power gain
LONGi as launch customer for MAiA® EVO
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The MAiA® 2.1 success
Ideal for expansion projects; high interest from top tier players
Combines the advantages of SiNA® (front side SiN deposition) and MAiA® (rear side AIOx + SiN deposition) into one product
Integration of front & rear side deposition reduces wafer handling: less breakage and higher yield
Leads to efficiency gain of up to 0.2% absolute (up to +5 Watt per module)
LONGi as launch customer for MAiA® EVO; ramp up on track; final acceptance expected for Dec ‘17
The MAiA® EVO solution
Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
PERC/PERL/PERT and HJT technologies with strong growth
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Meyer Burger expects that BSF will be replaced at a faster pace with PERC becoming the new industrial standard
International Technology Roadmap for Photovoltaic (ITRPV) Sept 2017: share of HJT corresponding to ~15 GW in 2021
Due to expected faster adaption of PERC: additional push for PERT and HJT technologies
PERC and HJT gaining market share
Source: International Technology Roadmap for Photovoltaic (ITRPV), Sept 2017
BSF
PERC
HJT IBC
Si-tandem
ITO
n-type c-Si
Ag (screen print)
ITO
Ag (screen print) a-Si:H (p)
a-Si:H (i)
a-Si:H (i)
a-Si:H (n)
Long history for HJT: Meyer Burger industrialises cost competitive 6’’ technology
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Bell Labs, US: First c-Si solar cell, n-type, IBC, monofacial, 6% efficiency
1954
a-Si thin film deposition PECVD development starts
1978
Sanyo, JP: First HJT solar cell, 5’’ wafer technology
1981
Sanyo, JP: a-Si solar cell and its manufacturing patented
1991- 1994
Panasonic, JP: champion cell 24% HJT cell, 5’’ wafer technology
2012
Kaneka, JP: world record for single junction: 26.6%, IBC-HJT cell, 6’’ wafer technology
2016
RCA Labs, US: Theory of HJT cells, S.S. Perleman
1964
2006- 2009
Sanyo, JP: 1st HJT module on market, n-type, 5’’ wafer technology
2001
EPFL/CSEM, CH: Prof. Ballif Thesis on HJT cells
Meyer Burger (formerly Roth&Rau): R&D center for HJT, Neuchâtel, CH
2008
Meyer Burger: production line in Hohenstein-Ernstthal, DE
2013
CEA/INES, FR: Lab-Fab for HJT 2009
Meyer Burger (Germany) has been involved since 2008 with 6’’ wafer technology
Panasonic, JP: acquires Sanyo 2009
Oerlikon Solar, CH: first large area a-Si production equip. (on glass)
2004
Meyer Burger: record 335 Watt module (60 cells) based on industrialised 6’’ (M2) HJT technology
2017
Development Phase Industrialisation Phase First Mover
Adjusted strategy opened new opportunities Meyer Burger adjusted its market approach for
Heterojunction (HJT) at the beginning of 2017
− Flexible offering: HJT core equipment and integrated production line
− Adjustment of market approach attracts both established players as well as industry newcomers
HJT facts today Meyer Burger HJT production line achieves cell
efficiencies of 24%
Meyer Burgers’ HJT technology cost competitive with PERC
Proven thin wafer processing capabilities as strong USP for the full potential of Meyer Burger’s HJT technology
Adjustment of strategy opened new opportunities
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Meyer Burger HJT production line
Silicon cost still overall largest cost driver in today’s PV module manufacturing
From 180 µm to 120 µm wafer thickness: substantial cost savings
Meyer Burger successfully demonstrated processing of 120 µm wafers from ingot to module
HJT cell technology uniquely positioned for thin wafer processing
Capacity in MW Companies Countries Projects
400 MW delivered
Japan Russia France
Order received at year-end 2013; equipment for HJT cell coating delivered in H1 2014
Order received summer 2016 to convert Oerlikon Solar equipment into
HJT / SWCT technology; successful final acceptance in H1 2017
Research institute CEA (and Institute of Laboratories for Innovation in New Energy Technologies and Nanomaterials – LITEN)
Systems for HJT / SWCT technologies delivered 2016/17 Strategic partnership with CEA / INES since 2014
100 MW
Hungary
Contract signed May 2015 Equipment pre-paid, manufactured and delivered Project delays due to governmental requirements, higher financing needs Expected installation in 2018
200 MW
Italy
Pre-payment received Successful kick-off with customer in Sicilia Delivery of equipment planned to be completed by end H1 2018 Installation, ramp-up with start of production by end of 2018
3SUN order as an important milestone
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Further contract signed December 2016 with EKORE, Turkey. No pre-payment received so far, order not reflected in incoming orders or order backlog as communicated. Project realisation (200 MW) questionable.
3SUN, Catania / Italy
− Currently producing thin film modules; delivered over 500 MW of installed PV capacity
Our solution
− Industrialised MB HELiA® platform (HJT) for the production of bifacial HJT solar cells
− Replacing the existing cell technology (thin film) used by 3SUN
− Two HJT solar cell production lines will enable production capacity of up to 200 MW
Why Meyer Burger was chosen
− Proven industrialisation
− Most competitive cost of ownership
− R&D power
Customer story – MB HJT
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Meyer Burger is building on the future success of HJT
A subsidiary of
Picture source: 3SUN, IT-Catania
Meyer Burger has strong R&D focus on HJT (1)
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CSEM / R&D Neuchâtel R&D Hohenstein-Ernstthal HJT production line CEA / INES
Combined R&D power
Meyer Burger has strong R&D focus on HJT (2)
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CSEM / Meyer Burger Research, CH-Neuchâtel
Meyer Burger has strong R&D focus on HJT (3)
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Research & Development, DE-Hohenstein-Ernstthal
Meyer Burger has strong R&D focus on HJT (4)
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Heterojunction production line, DE-Hohenstein-Ernstthal
Meyer Burger has strong R&D focus on HJT (5)
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CEA / INES Fab-lab, F-Le bourget du lac
Meyer Burger technologies shaping the PV industry
Dr Gunter Erfurt, Chief Technology Officer
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Brief introduction to solar cell physics
Source: Solar Energy – Fundamentals, Physics and Systems, Delft University of Technology 2014
Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
A solar cell is… …a semiconductor device which allows the photovoltaic
effect (1) for the generation of an electrical current generation (4) used for an electrical load and later recombination (5)
…suffering from recombination (2) of “unused” charge carriers in the material and at the cell surfaces
…with a semi-permeable “membrane” (p/n junction) (3) to generate a plus/minus polarity
Semiconductors… …for industrial use, such as Silicon for solar cells, are
on purpose “contaminated” (doped) in order to make them a bit more “semiconductive”
…can be “contaminated” (doped) with Phosporous to generate negative (n-type or electron charges) carriers or with Boron to generate positive (p-type or hole charges)
…in PV are currently dominated by p-type „contaminated“ c-Si
…with p- and n-type “contaminations” have pro’s and con’s, however
…with n-type are about to take off as high efficiency concepts such as heterojunction require it
Si Si
Photovoltaic cell technologies driving growth in solar energy industry
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PERC solar cell – ca. 1/3 market share
Meyer Burger has shaped the industry since early 2000 by Supplying >500 SiNA® tools (since 2005) to the market
generating so called anti-reflection coating (ARC) layers
Setting an industry standard in ARC technology
Reducing optical and recombination losses and increasing efficiencies up to 19.5%
Meyer Burger has resolved a “solar technology node“ problem in 2014 by Providing an industrialised solution for PERC solar
cells (PERC = “Passivated emitter and rear cell”) with MAiA®
Setting another industry standard in passivation technology enabling efficiencies up to 22%
p-type c-Si
Source: ISFH
p-type c-Si
Source: ISFH
Standard solar cell – ca. 2/3 market share
Passivation as key factor for highest solar cell efficiencies
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p-type c-Si p-type c-Si
p-type c-Si p-type c-Si
Standard solar cell PERC
ARC (SiNA®)
ARC (SiNA®)
AlOx+SiNx (MAiA®)
AlOx+SiNx (MAiA®)
Local contacts
Local contacts
Source: http://www.cleantechnica.com, http://www.pveducation.org
Passivation technology is a key competence of Meyer Burger At the silicon surface silicon
atoms are missing and unpaired valence electrons exist, forming an electrically active interface = no passivation and high recombination
Oxidation and hydrogenation saturates dangling bonds at silicon wafer surface = high passivation and low recombination Dangling Si bonds
Meyer Burger solar cell equipment strategy and success history
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2006
2011
2015 From 2008 onwards: Heterojunction Technology Invest
>500 SiNA® systems sold ~100 GW of solar cells coated with SiNA®
MAiA® is industry standard ~30 GW capacity
25 MW production line in Germany ~500 MW installed globally
Al-BSF
PERC
HJT
Introduction to the structure of solar module manufacturing step costs (MSC)
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𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 $𝑊𝑊
= 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊
𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 [$]
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑝𝑝𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝 [𝑊𝑊] +
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑊𝑊𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 (𝑤𝑤/𝑜𝑜 𝑤𝑤𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊)𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 [$]
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑝𝑝𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝 [𝑊𝑊] +
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑀𝑀𝑜𝑜𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶𝑊𝑊 (𝑤𝑤/𝑜𝑜 𝑝𝑝𝑊𝑊𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶)𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 [$]
𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑝𝑝𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝 [𝑊𝑊]
$0.73/pc (mono)
$0.42/pc (Standard)
$38.00/pc
$0.15/W (mono)
$0.09/W (Standard)
$0.14/W
MSC = $0.38/W
ASP = $0.35/W
19.5% cell and 280W standard module
MAiA® 2.1 sets PERC standard: MB PERC as technology of choice
MB PERC Key Facts Industrialised solution with >200 MAiA® 2.1
orders received (~30 GW)
Industrial standard: proven and well accepted
Pay back time <1-2 years due to incremental investment
Substantial efficiency gain: up to 2.5% absolute cell efficiency for mono c-Si + 1.5% absolute for multi c-Si
Standard Module (60 cells): +15 Watt (WP) power gain
Substantial cost reduction (>3$ct/Wp) at module level as well as higher ASP through higher performance of module
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Compatible with existing cell technologies Simple upgrade of existing standard lines:
excellent balance between investment and efficiency increase
Upgrade of all existing standard lines possible (multi- and mono-crystalline wafers)
Standard BSF Cell Line
MB PERC Cell Line
Laser MAiA®
Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
How to create value and reduce step cost through technology
25 Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
$0.73/pc (mono)
$0.47/pc (Standard)
$38.00/pc
$0.13/W (mono)
$0.09/W (Standard)
$0.12/W
MSC = $0.34/W
(Premium) ASP = $0.40/W
21.5% cell and 310W best module
PERC introduction with MAiA®
Combining proven SiNA® and MAiA® in new product MAiA® EVO
Front side SiN deposition
MAiA® 2.1 “2-in-1“
SiNA®
Rear side AIOx + SiN deposition
MAiA® EVO “3-in-1“
Front side SiN + Rear side AIOx + SiN deposition
by SiNA®
by MAiA® or by MAiA® EVO
Texture
Doping / Diffusion
PSG Etch
Firing
Print Rear Side
ARC
Print Front Side
Edge Isolation
Test & Sort
Laser opening
Backside passivation
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Thermodynamical limit of 29% efficiency (single
junction Silicon solar cell)
Optical (-2%)
Ohmic resistance (-2.5%)
Recombination (-3%)
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Why does the industry only achieve 21.5% cell efficiency in mass production when the limit is at 29%?
Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
Solar cell efficiency loss mechanisms Optical losses (Reflection of incident light) -2% Improved by using our SiNA® and HELiA® products Resistance losses -2.5% Improved by using SmartWireConnectionTechnology (SWCT) and HELiA® Recombination losses -3% Improved by using MAiA® or HELiA® passivation products
Meyer Burger resolving the biggest loss problems of solar cells and modules with our technologies
Meyer Burger is technologically best positioned with its MAiA® to further reduce recombination losses for higher efficiencies
28 Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
Advanced PERx solar cell Meyer Burger has future potential to expand its MAiA® applications „evolutionarily“ Providing advanced optical layers to improve passivation and
optical losses on front side of solar cells
Tunnel oxides and passivated contact for back side of solar cell
Setting another industry standard in passivation technology
Enabling efficiencies up to 24% until ca. 2022
Source: SERIS, Meyer Burger
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19.5
20
20.5
21
21.5
22
22.5
23
23.5
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2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Cell
Effic
ienc
y (%
)
Year
Al-BSF
PERC
n-PERx
n-PERx (passivated contacts)
3. Bifacial n-type PERx • Improved front and back side
passivation with oxides
4. Passivated Contacts • Improved front and back side
passivation • Reduced contact passivation
through passivated contact structure
2. Bifacial p-PERx • AlOx/Sin Passivation for bifacial PERC
and PERx • bifacial PERC/T with SWCT smart wire
connecting technology
1. PERC optimization • MAiA® EVO
Meyer Burger driving PERx power roadmap evolutionarily using MAiA®
MAiA® = Multi Application Inline Apparatus – highly flexible concept Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017 29
Only 6 process steps for HJT compared to 12 for advanced PERx
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Boron diffusion
Phosphor diffusion
PSG etch
Firing
Print front/rear side
ARC
Edge isolation
Test & sort
Laser opening
Backside passivation
Texture
a-Si front/rear side
Test & sort
TCO front/rear side
Print front/rear side
Curing
HJT process Advanced PERx
process
BSG etch
Texture
ITO
n-type c-Si
Ag (screen print)
ITO Ag (screen print) a-Si:H (p)
a-Si:H (i) a-Si:H (i)
a-Si:H (n)
HJT benefits Less footprint and OPEX/PEX due to
fewer process steps compared to PERx Efficiency potential up to 25% with 23%
today Suited for thin wafers Bifacial cell with highest backside
efficiency Highest energy yields
Advanced PERx hurdles for mass production Higher number of process steps Yield affected by additional steps “Advanced” processes still under
development
100%
105%
110%
115%
120%
125%
130%
135%
Technology evolution is good but can Meyer Burger start a revolution?
31 Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
Revolutionary HJT approach reduces levelised cost of electricity (LCOE) Because of higher efficiencies than standard (evolutionary)
technologies resulting in higher module powers
Up to 20% higher energy yields due to lower temperature coefficient and superior bifaciality
250
300
350
400
2015 2016 2017 2018Mono PERC 5BB
MB HJT - SWCT - white backsheet
MB HJT - SWCT - bifacial (20% albedo)
60 cell modules: top modules compared
(average from several tier 1 suppliers)
384WP
330WP
MB HJT (bifacial)
MB HJT (white BS)
PERC
Source: Solar Intelligence, MB HJT / SWCT – Meyer Burger
Watt (Wp)
388WP
335WP
UAE: normalised monthly yields 01/2017 to 10/2017
Meyer Burger HJT/SWCT modules installation in UAE
Meyer Burger HJT/SWCT bifacial PERT bifacial
100% Reference = PERC monofacial
90
92
94
96
98
100
HJT PERC
Heterojunction – a „must be loved“ technology for solar energy investors
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LCOE comparison [%]
-9%
ITO
n-type c-Si
Ag (screen print)
ITO
Ag (screen print) a-Si:H (p)
a-Si:H (i)
a-Si:H (i)
a-Si:H (n)
LCOE $
kWh= ∑ 𝐼𝐼𝑡𝑡 + 𝑀𝑀𝑡𝑡
1 + 𝑟𝑟 𝑡𝑡𝑛𝑛𝐶𝐶=1
∑ 𝐸𝐸𝑡𝑡1 + 𝑟𝑟 𝑡𝑡
𝑛𝑛𝐶𝐶=1
I [$]= Investment incl. financing M [$]= OPEX/Maintenance
E [kWh] = Electricity generation r = Discount rate
n [years] = Life of system t [year]= Year of use
HJT LCOE lower than standard technology Enabling LCOE below $0.04/kWh
Perfect choice for green field capacity expansions
Efficiency potential up to 25% until 2020
Use of thin wafers possible
Meyer Burger achieved a new record cell efficiency and module power…
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Meyer Burger achievements >24% cell efficiency (Fraunhofer ISE based calibration)
Module power of 335W (TÜV Rheinland confirmed)
Proof of high power capability
Industrialised process sequence and equipment
Fast implementation and ramp up
Small footprint with less process steps compared to standard technology
24.02% highest cell efficiency 23.7% average efficiency 335W Module power (mono facial)
Photovoltaic module technologies driving growth in the solar energy industry
34 Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
Standard busbar module – 4/5 market share
SWCT module
Meyer Burger has shaped the industry since 2008 by Supplying busbar stringer tools to the market enabling
highly efficient and productive soldering of solar cells
Setting an industry standard in busbar technology
Upgraded existing busbar stringer fleet from 3 busbar to 5 busbar to reduce resistance losses in the cell and the module
Meyer Burger solving another “solar technology node“ problem with SWCT Further reducing resistance losses in the cell and the
module
Perfectly matching HJT solar cells with the module
Enabling highest module efficiencies and powers as well as highest energy yields
Highest throughput (up to 5,000 wph)
Meyer Burger with „2-path“ technology strategy driving power evolutionary and revolutionary
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Existing capacities
(evolutionary)
PERx 20..24% >300W
SWCT
New capacities
(revolutionary)
HJT 22..25% >320W
SWCT
Differentiation of customer needs
Right cell technology with ideal cost
structure
Module technology for both cell concepts
Proven MAiA® multi-application platform
Cell efficiency of 23% today available
Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
Meyer Burger technology radar keeping new trends „in sight“
36 Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
Thinner wafers/kerf-
less
Passivated contacts (PERx)
Black silicon/nano structures
Multiwire inter-
connection
Perovskite tandem
cells
III-V (on Si) tandem
cells
Shingling module
technology
Meyer Burger working with strong R&D institutes (CEA, CSEM, SERIS, Fraunhofer ISE, ISFH, UNSW, etc.) on future technologies for our customers • PERx technology solutions becoming available as market requires • HJT already available with solar cell efficiencies of 23% • 3rd generation solar cell technologies under evaluation for efficiencies >25% • SWCT multi-wire technology in the focus
A team of almost 300 technical experts in our R&D centres worldwide strives to shape the industrial processes of the future. Over 380 registered patents and more than 440 patents pending underline our innovativeness and our goal to create sustainable added-value for our customers. Meyer Burger invested 10% of its net sales in R&D in 2016.
Research and Development
37 Source: MB Annual Report 2016
46,7 MCHF
Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
Bifacial modules and SmartWire Connection Technology (SWCT) Dr Gunter Erfurt, Chief Technology Officer
335W Champion Module – another milestone for Meyer Burger
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335W Module power (mono facial)
Brief introduction to solar module technology
40 Source: Solar Energy – Fundamentals, Physics and Systems, Delft University of Technology 2014, PV Tech 2017
Standard module – Glass-Backsheet
Module Power – 60 cell glass-backsheet
A solar module is a lamination of • Protecting front glass • Embedding front and back foils • Interconnected solar cells • Back-sheet or back-glass • Aluminium frame • Junction box
Power of a solar module • Currently at 295W on average (60 cell PERC) • Increasing 5-8W per year • Relying on the front side efficiency • Trend towards bifacial power generation • Must be stable over the life span of the
products • Yield „kwh per kW per year“ is important
Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
Watt
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Evolution of cell connection technology
Towards higher module power output with less silver consumption
? ? ?
Cell with 3 Busbars
Cell with 5 Busbars
Cell with SWCT
Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
«Higher efficiency at lower costs» Boris Rosenstein, Executive President/CEO, SolarTech Universal LLC
Most cost effective method of connecting solar cells
Employing multiple wires instead of conventional ribbons, SWCT significantly enhances module performance
Beyond BusBars (BB): SWCT to overcome BB limitations for high power modules
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SWCT module production line
SWCT Key Facts ≥ 3% relative module output vs. standard modules
> 10 years increased module lifetime stability
+ 10% BoS cost advantage with SWCT / HJT
Up to 65% less silver consumption with combination MB PERC / SWCT
Up to 80% reduction silver consumption using combination of HJT / SWCT
Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
SmartWire Connection Technology (SWCT)
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Higher module power
Higher energy yield
Less silver in cell production
Better tolerance to micro cracks
$/kWh
Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
Innovative and patented Foil-Wire Electrode Concept Multiple wires are used instead of conventional cell connectors (tab ribbons) Compatible with HJT, PERC, PERT, thin wafer and bifacial cells
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High performance cell interconnection
44 Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
SmartWire String Linking cells by foil wire
electrode (FWE)
Cells and FWE are only attached together reducing stress on cells due to high temperature soldering
Flux-free & lead-free soldering
No negative impact of micro cracks on module performance
45
Fewer process steps for SWCT
Busbar Module Production
Glass preparation
Foil cutting and layup
Foil cutting and layup
Cell connection
Cell matrix layup
Interconnection
Encapsulation
Final assembly
Testing
Glass preparation
Foil/Wire Assembly
Cell connection
Matrix layup
Encapsulation
Final assembly
Testing
SWCT Module Production
Less production stations Higher automation level
SWCT Core Equipment
Roll to Roll Unit (RRU)
Cell Connection Station (CCS)
Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
…should have: 1) Very high efficiency (sun to
electricity) 2) Collection of energy bifacially 3) High performance at any
temperature 4) Stable performance 5) Very stable to wind, snow and
hail 6) Low cost
The ideal module…
46 Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
= lowest LCOE
47
High efficiency → less area → lower installation costs
47 Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
Savings of 22% or 7,500 m2
Standard PV System Example: 34,000 m2
MB HJT PV System Example: 26,500 m2
Pic
ture
: goo
gle
earth
1.8 MW PV system with standard modules 7,500 modules (240 Wp)
Total cost of 1,134 USD/kWp (*)
2,100,000 kWh/a
1.8 MW PV system with HJT modules 5,790 modules (311 Wp)
Total cost of 1,098 USD/kWp (**)
2,250,000 or 2,550,000 kWh/a
Example for Sunbelt: 1,600 kwh/m2, 50° C
(*) Typical worldwide market price for standard module, w/o financing costs or land costs.
(**) HJT modules produced with margin (Cost of Ownership based on Meyer Burger assumption), w/o financing costs or land costs.
48
Bifaciality
48 Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017 Source: Sciencedirect, Sanyo Cooperation
Bifacial modules • Use the energy harvest from the „2 faces“
(back and front side) of the module • Can be faced in south or east/west direction or
combined • Yields depend on background of the
installation affecting the overall albedo back reflection
• Optimize the LCOE
49
Proven micro crack tolerance of SWCT
49 Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
Dense SWCT contact matrix No negative impact of micro cracks → Guaranteed electron transport Investment security during entire module lifetime (transport and installation)
Busbar Technology SWCT Technology
Inactive cell area due to crack Full cell area is active after crack Image from: ISFH
Monitoring of Meyer Burger Technology in most important climate zones worldwide
50 Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
Sun
belt ±
37°
DNI map
solargis.info Existing site
Reporting MB technology figures: France, institute Chambéry (>20pcs, strings) France, institute Cadarache (>20pcs, strings) Hungary, company (4pcs) Chile, university (6pcs) Brazil, company (36pcs, strings) US, Miami, company (8pcs) Turkey, university (1pcs) Switzerland, university (20pcs, strings)
MB owned sites, high accuracy: UAE, Abu Dhabi: fixed tilt (8pcs) US, California: 1-axis tracking (8pcs) US, Arizona: fixed tilt (2pcs) US, Arizona: 2-axis tracking (2pcs) China, Yinchuan fixed tilt (8pcs)
MB Measurement Site China, Yinchuan
51 Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
China, Yinchuan ≈16% Albedo 100%
110%
120%
130%
140%
150%
160%
Aug Sept Oct
Yield to monofacial
CN: normalised monthly yields to monofacial Aug 2017 to Oct 2017
KWh/
kWp
to
refe
renc
e m
onof
acia
l
PERT bifacial MB HJT bifacial
Monofacial (100%)
Note: Installation August 2017
100%
105%
110%
115%
120%
125%
130%
135%
MB Measurement Site United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi
52 Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
UAE, Abu Dhabi ≈24% Albedo
UAE: normalised monthly yields to monofacial Jan 2017 to Oct 2017
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct
PERT bifacial MB HJT bifacial
Monofacial (100%)
Yield to monofacial
KWh/
kWp
to
refe
renc
e m
onof
acia
l
MB Measurement Sites USA, California and Arizona
53 Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
USA, California ≈10% Albedo
Yield to monofacial
100%
105%
110%
115%
120%
125%
130%
135%
PERT bifacial MB HJT bifacial
Yield to monofacial
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul
Monofacial (100%)
KWh/
kWp
to
refe
renc
e m
onof
acia
l
USA California: normalised monthly yields to monofacial Jan 2017 to Jul 2017
100%
105%
110%
115%
120%
125%
130%
135%
MB to monofacial fixed axis
MB to monofacial both 2-axis tracking
Jan - Oct Jan - Oct
USA Arizona: fixed and 2-axis tracking Jan 2017 to Oct 2017
54
Levelised cost of electricity
Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
1'200
1'300
1'400
1'500
1'600
1'700
1'800
BSF multi BSF mono PERC multi PERC 22% PERC bif21,8%
HJT 22% HJT 22,5%135µmWafer
1'398 1'398 1'380 1'399
1'594
1'787 1'787
Energy Yield [kWh/kWp/yr]
3.40
3.60
3.80
4.00
4.20
4.40
4.60
4.80
5.00
BSF multi BSF mono PERC multi PERC 22% PERC bif21,8%
HJT 22% HJT 22,5%135µmWafer
4.80 4.95
4.80 4.61
4.16 4.04
3.88
LCOE $Cent/kWh
54 Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017
HJT leads to lowest LCOE Energy generation cost
at cheapest level Upside potential due to
high efficiency potential
Assumptions 1,600 kWh/m2 yearly
irradiation 55°C average module
working temperature 1% LID for PERC 20% albedo effect for
bifacial modules
250
270
290
310
330
350
370
390
410
430
ASP expectation HJT vs. PERC bifacial
Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017 55
Today 2018 2020
Today 2018 2020
Offset Power 15+15+15 = 45W
20+16+15 = 51W
20+16+16 = 52W
Offset ASP 1ȼ/W / 5W 9 ȼ/Wp 10 ȼ/Wp 10 ȼ/Wp
PER
C
PER
C
PER
C
HJT
HJT
HJT
Front power Albedo effect TC benefit
Mod
ule
pow
er in
pow
er p
lant
[W]
Modules with more kWh/m2 offer lower LCOE
Value of lower LCOE is taken by module manufacturer
1 - 1.5 ȼ/Wp per 5 W power class price premium
Bifaciality HJT > 90% Bifaciality PERC < 70% Tc benfit HJT > 4%
Much higher ASP for
HJT expected for bifacial applications in moderate and hot climate
Thank you
Disclaimer
57
Information in this presentation may contain “forward-looking statements”, such as guidance, expectations, plans, intentions or
strategies regarding the future. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties. The reader is cautioned that actual future results may differ from those expressed in or implied by the statements, which constitute projections of possible developments. All forward-looking statements included in this presentation are based on data available to Meyer Burger Technology Ltd as of the date that this presentation is released. The company does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements contained in this presentation as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
This presentation is not being issued in the United States of America and should not be distributed to U.S. persons or
publications with a general circulation in the United States. This presentation does not constitute an offer or invitation to subscribe for, exchange or purchase any securities. In addition, the securities of Meyer Burger Technology Ltd have not been and will not be registered under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), or any state securities laws and may not be offered, sold or delivered within the United States or to U.S. persons absent registration under an applicable exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act or any state securities laws.
The information contained in this presentation does not constitute an offer of securities to the public in the United Kingdom
within the meaning of the Public Offers of Securities Regulations 1995. No prospectus offering securities to the public will be published in the United Kingdom. Persons receiving this presentation in the United Kingdom should not rely on it or act on it in any way.
In addition, the presentation is not for release, distribution or publication in or into Australia, Canada or Japan or any other
jurisdiction where to do so would constitute a violation of the relevant laws or regulations of such jurisdiction, and persons into whose possession this document comes should inform themselves about, and observe, any such restrictions.
Meyer Burger Technology Ltd, Technology Day 30 November 2017