Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview-...

35
Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Presented by Cynthia Waddell, Juris Doctor Vice-Chairman ISOC DSN Executive Director, ICDRI Internet Society Disability & Special Needs Chapter Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 12 -15 November 2007

Transcript of Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview-...

Page 1: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Technology Crossroad-Web Barriers or eInclusion?

Presented byCynthia Waddell, Juris Doctor

Vice-Chairman ISOC DSNExecutive Director, ICDRI

Internet Society Disability & Special Needs ChapterRio de Janeiro, Brazil 12 -15 November 2007

Page 2: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

ISOC Disability & Special Needs Chapter

Mission: To Address Needs of People with Disabilities that are Related to the Internet –650 Million People!Members are Dedicated to Equal AccessChairman: Michael BurksVice-Chairman: Cynthia WaddellInternational Center for Disability Resources on the Internet -Founding Sponsor www.icdri.org

Page 3: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Published with permission from USGSA

Page 4: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web
Page 5: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion?

Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the WebThe Problem- Barriers Signs of Global Inclusive Society ShiftTechnology ConvergenceResources

Page 6: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Technology Crossroad

Explosive Growth of Electronic Commerce Shift from Web Content Publishing to Interactive Web ApplicationsWeb Evolution to Multi-Modality Architecture Global Human Rights Alignment

Page 7: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Accessibility

Accessibility is the Accessible Design of Products, Services and the Environment where the user interface is flexible enough to accommodate the widest range of user needs, preferences and abilities.

Page 8: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Remote Real-Time Captioning

Page 9: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Remote Real-Time Captioning

In House Remote - On the Web

Page 10: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

The Problem

Disability Law & Public Policy Historically has Reflected the Medical ModelFocus on Diagnosis & Disability Rather than Ability & Equal OpportunityLeads to Isolation & Segregation due to Ignorance, Neglect, Superstition or Fear

Page 11: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

The Problem

Web Design Historically Has Not Included Accessible Design for People with DisabilitiesWeb Developers have Lacked Training, Tools and Resources to Design Accessibly; Web Tools Would Break AccessibilityGovernments & Businesses Had No Incentive to Address Accessible or Universal Design

Page 12: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

The Problem

People with Disabilities are being locked out from participation on the Web Why? The Design of the Web Site is Not Addressing Accessibility or Universal Design

Page 13: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

The Problem

An Inaccessible Web:People who are Blind or have Specific Learning Disabilities Cannot Use Screen-reading Software that Audibly Reads the Web Page Out Loud Can be a Barrier for People with Busy Eyes, Or Work in a Dark Room Or Have a Slow Modem

Page 14: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

The Problem

An Inaccessible Web:People with Mobility Disabilities Need Keyboard Access when They Cannot Use a MousePeople who have Busy Hands, Or Limited Dexterity Or No Hands Available

Page 15: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

The Problem

An Inaccessible Web:People Using Speech Technology Input Cannot Access Web ContentPeople with Low Vision Cannot Increase Web Text Size

Page 16: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

The Problem

An Inaccessible Web:People who are Deaf Cannot Access Audio-Streaming or Multi-Media that are not CaptionedPeople who Cannot Hear in a Noisy Room or Place Cannot Understand without Captioning

Page 17: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Information & Communication Technology (ICT) Barriers

Web Portals that Prevent People with Disabilities From Accessing Content & Transactions

Mainstream ICT that Lack User Interfaces for People with Disabilities

Mainstream ICT that Do Not Interface Seamlessly with Assistive Technology

Page 18: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

ICT Barriers

Undeveloped & Fractured Global Accessibility Requirements and Standards

Lack of Marketplace Incentives

Lack of Training, Education & Outreach on Design for all Methods, Practices and Tools

Need to Benchmark, Monitor and Research Accessibility Solutions

Page 19: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Signs of Inclusive Society Shift

Global Society Shift from Medical Model to Integration and Full ParticipationFocus on Ability, Integration and Incompatibility between Environment and People with DisabilitiesMerger of Civil Rights Model with Social Rights Model

Page 20: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Signs of Inclusive Society Shift

Growing Recognition of Significant Social Cost if Digital Divide RemainsRecognition that Accessible Web Design Promotes Equal Opportunity for Persons with Disabilities

Page 21: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Signs of Inclusive Society Shift

Recognition that Accessible Design Benefits People Without Disabilities:

Older AdultsPeople with Low LiteracyPeople Not Fluent in the LanguagePeople with Low Bandwidth Connections to the Internet and Older TechnologiesPeople who are New and Infrequent Web Users

Page 22: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Signs of Inclusive Society Shift

Emergence of Technical Standards for Accessible Design of ICTU.S.: Section 508 Electronic and Information Technology Accessibility Standards

Gov’t Required to Procure Accessible Technology; Uses Power of Purse as Marketplace Incentive

Industry Standards- W3C WCAG 1.0 (1999)

Page 23: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Signs of Inclusive Society Shift

At Least 26 Countries and Jurisdictions around the World have Adopted Accessible Web Design as a Policy or LawImplementation of US Section 508 Accessible Web Rules, W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0, or a HybridSee 2006 Global Survey Published in Web Accessibility: Web Standards and Regulatory Compliance

Page 24: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Signs of Inclusive Society Shift

UN Convention on Rights of Persons with DisabilitiesAdopted by UN General Assembly on 13 December 2006Addresses Rights of 650 Million Persons with Disabilities and Impacts 2 Billion Persons including Family Members of Persons with Disabilities

Page 25: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Signs of Inclusive Society Shift

Number of Signatories on Opening Day of 30 March 2007 are Highest in HistoryAs of today, 118 Countries Have Signed14 out of first 32 non-procedural Articles of Convention Address ICT obligations of States

Page 26: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Signs of Inclusive Society Shift

United Nations Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities- Article 9: Accessibility (Built Environment and ICT)

Ensure Access on an equal basis to information and communications, including information and communications technologies (ICT) and systems AND emergency servicesRequires identification and elimination of barriers to accessibility

Page 27: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Signs of Inclusive Society Shift

United Nations Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities- Article 9: Accessibility (Built Environment and ICT)

Requires implementation of minimum standards & guidelines for accessibility of servicesEnsure that private entities offering services to the public take into account accessibility

Page 28: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Signs of Inclusive Society Shift

United Nations Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities- Article 9: Accessibility (Built Environment and ICT)

Requires training for stakeholders on accessibility issuesStates Parties must promote access to new ICT and systems, including the Internet andStates Parties must promote ICT at early stage to minimize cost

Page 29: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Technology Convergence

Web combines all known communication media- voice, data and video into a single servicePreviously separate technologies are now able to share resources and interact with each other to create new efficienciesComputer networks with different operating systems can communicate via different protocols

Page 30: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Technology Convergence

Critical to Maintain Accessible Design in Coming Complexities FCC Order 15 June 2007 Extends Accessibility Requirements to Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Service Providers and Equipment VendorsContinues to Build Accessibility into Design of All Technologies & Products

Page 31: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

ResourcesMeeting ICT Access and Service Needs for People with Disabilities: Major Issues for Development and Implementation of Successful Policies and StrategiesBy Cynthia D. Waddell, Juris Doctor

Commissioned by International Telecommunication Union for 2007 Seminar

http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/study_groups/SGP_2006-2010/events/2007/Workshops/documents/05-Cynthia-Waddell.doc

Page 32: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Resources

The Growing Digital Divide in Access for People with Disabilities: Overcoming Barriers to ParticipationBy Cynthia D. Waddell, Juris Doctor

Commissioned by US Dept of Commerce & National Science Foundation for 1999 White House Digital Economy Conference

www.icdri.org/CynthiaW/the_digital_divide.htm

Page 33: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Resources

CynthiaSays.comFree On-line Web Accessibility Checker Assists in Evaluation of Websites“Tested” but not “Approved”Not a Substitute for Human JudgmentGenerates Section 508, W3C WCAG 1.0, Alternative Text Quality and Screen Movement/Flicker Reports

Page 34: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Resources

Web Accessibility: Web Standards and Regulatory ComplianceBy Jim Thatcher, Cynthia Waddell et al

Published by Apress 2006ISBN: 1-59059-638-2

Page 35: Technology Crossroad- Web Barriers or eInclusion?... Published with permission from USGSA Overview- Web Barriers or eInclusion? Technology Crossroad Real-Time Captioning on the Web

Contact Information

Cynthia D. Waddell, Juris DoctorExecutive Director and Law, Policy and

Technology Subject Matter ExpertInternational Center for Disability Resources

on the Internet (ICDRI)[email protected]