Technology Capacity in Small to Medium Sized Ci6es...
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Technology Capacity in Small to Medium Sized Ci6es: Lessons from and in Public Management Research ALT-Title: American ci0es aren’t ready for the Twi9er Presidency Mary K. Feeney Associate Professor and Lincoln Professor of Ethics in Public Affairs Associate Director | Center for Science, Technology and Environmental Policy Studies Email: [email protected] TwiCer: @mkfeeneyWYO Bush School, Texas A&M
Transcript of Technology Capacity in Small to Medium Sized Ci6es...
TechnologyCapacityinSmalltoMediumSizedCi6es:LessonsfromandinPublicManagementResearchALT-Title:Americanci0esaren’treadyforthe
Twi9erPresidency
MaryK.FeeneyAssociateProfessorandLincolnProfessorofEthicsinPublicAffairsAssociateDirector|CenterforScience,TechnologyandEnvironmentalPolicyStudiesEmail:[email protected]:@mkfeeneyWYO
Bush School, Texas A&M
MaryK.FeeneyAssociateProfessorandLincolnProfessorofEthicsinPublicAffairsAssociateDirector,CenterforScience,Technology,andEnvironmentalPolicyStudiesSchoolofPublicAffairsArizonaStateUniversity
ResearchAreasPublicManagement
SectordisNncNons,mentoring,nonprofitmanagement,redtape,e-governmentScience&TechnologyPolicy
Womeninscience,mentoring,collaboraNvenetworks,evaluaNon,e-government
About me
Imperfectpredic6on,despitebeingimperfect,canbevaluablefordecision-makingpurposes
I. Paper: Aresmallci8esonline?Content,ranking,andvaria8onofU.S.municipalwebsites
II. National Study of Technology in Local
Governments
III. Discussion of Public Management Research
part I: Aresmallci8esonline?Content,ranking,&varia8onamongU.S.municipalwebsites
Who Cares?
- People are mobilizing online
- Capacity matters for security, public relations, trust, and so on
- Constituents demand responsiveness
- Agenda setting is happening on Twitter
Most e-government research focuses on - Federal government - Single states - Large cities - Citizen perceptions
E-government: What we know
(Bearfield & Bowman, 2016; Mossberger & Wu, 2012; Youngblood & Mackiewicz, 2012; West 2008)
Small cities are less likely to be online - Less technological infrastructure - Less expertise - Fewer resources - Fewer incentives - Fewer mandates
E-government: What we know
I. Paper: Aresmallci8esonline?Content,ranking,andvaria8onofU.S.municipalwebsites
II. National Study of Local Governments
III. Discussion of Public Management Research
1. To what extent are small cities online?
2. How has this changed from 2010 to 2014, if at all?
3. Is there variation across cities? And if so, what explains that variation?
Research Questions
part II: Na8onalStudyofTechnologyinLocalGovernments
National study of technology use in 500 US municipalities, population 25,000-250,000
Surveying 5 department heads in each city:
Mayor’s Office Community Development Finance Parks & Recreation Police
Surveys in 2010, (2011), 2012, 2014, & 2016 Website coding in 2010 & 2014
The survey data have been used across years, by function, & paired with Census data, city finance data, & website codes
part I: Aresmallci8esonline?Content,ranking,&varia8onofU.S.municipalwebsites
1. To what extent are small cities online?
2. How has this changed from 2010 to 2014, if at all?
3. Is there variation across cities? And if so, what explains that variation?
Research Questions
Most common city website features 2010 & 2014
CouncilAgenda 478IndexofLaw/CityCode 473Mayor'scontactinfo 469OnlineListofJobs 469SearchBar 453VoNngInformaNon 394PaymentTransacNon 351PrivacyStatement 297VoNngRegistraNon 294CouncilMeeNngVideos 267OnlineJobApplicaNons 229Facebook 220RSSFeed 218TwiCer 215RecreaNonOnlineRegistraNon 209DistrictMaps 191SearchProvider 172SiteContractor 156MajorSpeech 143PoliceReportSubmission 132NonEnglishTranslaNon 106YouTube 102EmployeeDirectory 87DepartmentDescrip6ons 71Mayor'sBlog 58PageDate 32
IndexofLaw/CityCode 484CouncilAgenda 477Mayor'scontactinfo 469SearchBar 467OnlineJobApplica6ons 466PaymentTransacNon 426VoNngInformaNon 380Facebook 370CouncilMeeNngVideos 350TwiCer 350VoNngRegistraNon 312PrivacyStatement 285OnlineListofJobs 276RecreaNonOnlineRegistraNon 275DistrictMaps 245RSSFeed 234SiteContractor 226PoliceReportSubmission 219NonEnglishtranslaNon 199YouTube 195MajorSpeech 178EmployeeDirectory 150SearchProvider 146DepartmentDescrip6ons 124Mayor'sBlog 53PageDate 182010 2014
Ranking of cities with most website features 2010 & 2014
Change in city website features 2010 & 2014
Change in city website features 2010 to 2014
OnlineJobApplicaNons 237Facebook 150TwiCer 135NonEnglishtranslaNon 93YouTube 93PoliceReportSubmission 87CouncilMeeNngVideos 83PaymentTransacNon 75SiteContractor 70RecreaNonOnlineRegistraNon 66EmployeeDirectory 63DistrictMaps 54DepartmentDescripNons 53
MajorSpeech 35VoNngRegistraNon 18RSSFeed 16SearchBar 14IndexofLaw/CityCode 11Mayor'scontactinfo 0CouncilAgenda -1Mayor'sBlog -5PrivacyStatement -12VoNngInformaNon -14PageDate -14SearchProvider -26OnlineListofJobs -193
What explains variation in city website features?
E-Services
Engagement
Information
Transparency
Utility
Website Features
population (+)
form of government ( + )
technical capacity (+)
Website Features: Predictors
CouncilManager
centralization (-) work routineness (-) personnel constraints (-) risk-taking (+) external stakeholder influence (+) external site provider (+)
Website Features: Predictors
What are the limitations & contributions of this paper?
- Baseline, generalizable information
- Importance of political factors
- Importance of external providers
- Change in website ranking is fast
- We lack data on quality of features
For Researchers
- Most common features are basic
- Many websites lack basic information
- Need for active sites
- Low capacity for active sites
- Potential market for providers
For Practitioners
part III: Public Management Research
Our research assesses managerial roles in technology adoption & use, with a smattering of other management topics
Findings include knowledge about ICT adoption, managerial roles, barriers & determinants of technology adoption & use
• Technological capacity is low in smaller cities but critical for adoption
• Managers believe e-government improves outcomes • Trust in technology is increasing • Managerial perceptions & personal use are predictors
of technology adoption • Organization culture, mandates, and technological
capacity drive adoption, sharing, & use • Politics matter for adoption & use
Broad Findings
Data also contribute to research on work life balance, citizen participation in decision making, diversity in orgs, person-organization fit, & red tape measurement
Outputs include more than 25 publications, 5 dissertations, 6 international presentations, 4 annual reports, & at least 22 collaborators
ChallengesOpportunities
ChallengesOpportunities - Funding / Data Access - Surveys / Research Design - Managerial focus - Relevance & Timeliness
ChallengesOpportunities
Interested, Interesting, Doable
- Open data - Interdisciplinary methods - Relevance & Timeliness
Learn more about this work at: https://csteps.asu.edu/ Email: [email protected] Twitter: @mkfeeneyASU Request papers at Research Gate
Disserta6onsAdrianBrown:E-Government:EnablingEngagementorReinforcingTradiNon,2016RashmiKrishnamurthy:UseofsocialmediaforinternalandexternalcollaboraNon:EvidencefromUSlocalgovernments,2016GustavoOliveira:UseofsocialmediaforciNzenengagementbylocalgovernmentsintheUS,2014
PapersLanger,Julie,Feeney,MK,andLee,SE.EmployeeFitandJobSaNsfacNoninBureaucraNcandEntrepreneurialWorkEnvironments.ReviewofPublicPersonnelAdministra8on.Feeney,MKandBrown,Adrian.AresmallciNesonline?Content,ranking,andvariaNonofUSmunicipalwebsites.GovernmentInforma8onQuarterly.Availableonline11Nov2016.hCp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2016.10.005Fusi,Federica,andFeeneyMK.Accepted.SocialMediaintheWorkplace:InformaNonExchange,ProducNvity,orWaste?AmericanReviewofPublicAdministra8onGrimmelikhuisen,SG,andFeeneyMK.Accepted.DevelopingandtesNnganintegraNveframeworkforopengovernmentadopNoninlocalgovernments.PublicAdministra8onReview.Welch,EW,Feeney,MK,andPark,ChulHyun.accepted.DeterminantsofdatasharinginU.S.citygovernments.GovernmentInforma8onQuarterlydoi:10.1016/j.giq.2016.07.002Wang,Shu,andM.K.Feeney.2016.DeterminantsofinformaNonandcommunicaNontechnologyuseinmunicipaliNes.AmericanReviewofPublicAdministra8on46(3)292-313.October19,2014.DOI:10.177/0275074014553462
PapersFeeney,M.K.,andE.W.Welch.2016.Technology-TaskCoupling:ExploringSocialMediaUseandManagerialPercepNonsofE-Government.AmericanReviewofPublicAdministra8on46(2):162-179.August202014.10.1177/0275074014547413Huang,Wan-Ling,andM.K.Feeney.2015.CiNzenparNcipaNoninlocalgovernmentdecision-making:TheroleofmanagermoNvaNon.ReviewofPublicPersonnelAdministra8on.March162015.doi:10.1177/0734371X15576410Feeney,M.K.andJulieLanger.2015.GemngAheadinthePublicSector:PercepNonsofManagersinUSMunicipaliNes.AmericanReviewofPublicAdministra8on.February8,2015,doi:10.1177/0275074015570037Welch,E.W.,andFeeney,M.K.2014.Technologyingovernment:HoworganizaNonalculturemediatesinformaNonandcommunicaNontechnologyoutcomes.GovernmentInforma8onQuarterly13:506-512..1-OCT-2014Li,Meng-Hao,andM.K.Feeney.(2014).AdopNonofelectronictechnologiesinU.S.localgovernments:DisNnguishingbetweene-servicesandcommunicaNontechnologies.AmericanReviewofPublicAdministra8on.44(1):75-91.
PapersFeeney,M.K.andE.W.Welch.2013.ImplemenNnginformaNonandcommunicaNontechnologies(ICTs)inpublicorganizaNons:ThemediaNngeffectsoforganizaNonrouNnenessandcentralizaNononICTandmanagerialoutcomes.Proceedingsofthe14InternaNonalDigitalGovernmentResearch.Pages38-45.ISBN:978-1-4503-2057-3.Feeney,M.K.(2012).OrganizaNonalredtape:Ameasurementexperiment.JournalofPublicAdministra8onResearch&Theory.22(3):427-444.10.1093/jopart/mus002Feeney,M.K.andE.W.Welch.(2012).ElectronicparNcipaNontechnologiesandperceivedoutcomesforlocalgovernmentmanagers.PublicManagementReview.14(6):815-833.DOI:10.1080/14719037.2011.642628.Welch,E.W.,andYavuz,N.(forthcoming).FactorsAffecNngOpennessofLocalGovernmentWebsites:ExaminingtheDifferencesacrossPlanning,FinanceandPoliceDepartments.GovernmentInforma8onQuarterly.deOliveira,G.andWelch,E.W.(2013).SocialMediaUseinLocalGovernment:LinkageofTechnology,Task,andOrganizaNonalContext.GovernmentInforma8onQuarterly.30(4):397-405Grimmelikhuijsen,S.,andWelch,E.W.(2012).FactorsDeterminingtheTransparencyofAirPolluNonInformaNon?:FactorsaffecNngInternetinformaNontransparencyoflocalgovernment.PublicAdministra8onReview,72(4):562-571.Welch,E.W.(2012).TheRelaNonshipBetweenTransparentandParNcipatoryGovernment:AStudyofLocalGovernmentsintheUnitedStates.Interna8onalReviewofAdministra8veSciences,78(1):93-115.
