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Technology and wealth
creation: where we
are, where weregoing
Other 19 December 2000
print this article...
The interrelationship of technology, economic
advance, and social and political systems, has
many ramifications. The last ten years, in
economic terms, have constituted an American
decade. But the way in which the Americandecade comes to an end is probably the most
important issue for the world economy today.
Every twenty years or so since the IndustrialRevolution, a group of new technologies has had
a major impact on economic life. Steam power,
canals, railroads, telegraph and telephone,electricity, road transport, radio, air transport,
pharmacology, television, computers and
information technology. Some of these have been
general enabling technologies (such as steampower or electricity) which change the way
production is organised some (such as television)create new consumer goods which command a
large fraction of household time or e!penditure.
Enabling technologies transform business life.
"onsumer technologies transform domestic life.
Some major new technologies have large effects
of both #inds. Road transport both changed theorganisation of business and gave households
automobiles. $he process of change set off by
major new groups of innovation has typicallyta#en half a century to wor# through. %or
enabling technologies, production systems have
to be reorganised around them and this
investment (sensibly) ta#es time. &ith consumertechnologies it ta#es some time to establish which
new goods have mar#et appeal and devise
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methods that will enable them to be produced
sufficiently cheaply for a mass mar#et. $he first
answers are rarely the right answers.
In this long term historical perspective, there isnothing very e!traordinary about the current
phase of innovation based around informationtechnology. 4ot in impact. It is hard to argue
seriously that its effects are more wide5ranging
than those of electricity or telecommunication.4ot in pace of introduction and adoption.
"omputers were invented fifty years ago, were
first commercial products in the 3627s andbecame universal in business in the 3327s.
8gainst the e!pectations of most people in the
early stages of the development of newinformation technology, the cost of processing fell
faster than the cost of communication. $he result
is that everyone has an intelligent terminal on
their des#s, rather than, as with electricity,plugging into a gigantic central system. Instead of
a handful of super computers, we have pc7s. It is
now evident that networ#ing will lead to a finalshape of the business that is somewhere between
the centralised and the distributed e!tremes.
9yperbole associated with the adopt of newtechnologies is familiar to economic historians. It
greeted the railways, electricity, automobiles,
radio and television. :rophets proclaim the arrivalof a new technologically driven era of peace and
harmony. ;an#ers and business gurus anticipate
the demise of traditional businesses and businessmodels. $hese claims are always hugely
e!aggerated, although never entirely wrong. In
the course of the resulting hysteria, gullibleinvestors lose large amounts of money, promoters
and some fortunate individuals ma#e smaller
amounts of money. $here is a rec#oning afterwhich most people pic# themselves up and start
again' at the end of it all, some new real assets
have been created., $here are some special
features of the current boom, but its general shapeis familiar and predictable.
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Simply to #eep up the pace of economic growth
which advanced countries have enjoyed over the
last century, there needs to be a new technologyof significance comparable to electricity or
computers every twenty years or so. Since we arewell through the process of applying information
technology (if the normal cycle of developmentand implementation is fifty years, we are
approaching the end of that cycle) it is time to as#
what the ne!t technology is going to be. $here isone overwhelmingly strong candidate, and that is
biotechnology. and at more mundane levels > no5one
realised that ultimately the main use of video
recorders would be to play pre5recorded movies.
&ith hindsight we will laud geniuses li#e 9enry%ord and ;ill ?ates who saw the future correctly'
but in truth it is not clear that they see the future
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correctly in a manner different from the manner in
which the people who put down the winning
numbers on their national lottery tic#et.
;iology is the e!citing intellectual frontier today,and this has intriguing implications not just for
the environment of economics and politics but forthe way we thin# about economics and politics
themselves. $he claims of evolutionary
psychologists that all human behaviour can bederived from our ancestors7 e!periences on the
8frican savannahs are way over the top, but
should not blind us to the possibility thatfundamental changes in the structure of social
sciences are in prospect. It is entirely credible that
within a few years we will have psychologywhich is firmly based in biology and
neurosciences, and that such psychology will then
form the basis for a more rigorous economics and
sociology. $hese would be fundamental changesin the nature of #nowledge as applied to political
issues. I used to believe that the structure of
economic reasoning which I learnt as a studentwas essentially set for all time. $oday I am less
sure.
If biotechnology is indeed the great new frontier,it seems li#ely to be a creator of new products >
and the associated demand for new products >
rather than a general enabling technology whichenhances the productivity of all business.
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eliminated mortality from infectious diseases
among otherwise healthy adults and could induce
controllable changes in moods. Ather newcompounds could interfere with the progress of
other life5threatening conditions, such ashypertension and cancer. 4ew materials
synthesised from oil had greatly reduced the costof manufacturing many household objects and
made previously impossible construction, from
buildings to aircraft, feasible $he commercialapplication of nuclear power seemed li#ely to
displace fossil fuels as a primary energy source
and transform large scale construction, to befollowed by fusion and fuel cells.
It was reasonable to project all these advancesforward, and those who predicted technological
futures at the time did' yet the outcomes have
been disappointing. &e still travel in essentially
the same vehicles > cars, trains, planes > as in the3627s the space programme produced nothing of
economic significance many new drugs have
been produced, but the bloc#busters have beenanti5ulcerants and anti5depressants. %ew of the
more recent advanced materials have found
commercial application. 4uclear power has failed
to be commercially useful. &e ma#e electricitytoday by burning coal and gas and power our cars
by burning oil, much as we did a century ago.
$hus there is a serious argument that rather than
technological progress being unmanageably fast,
it ris#s becoming worryingly slow. $o find newenabling technologies for the ne!t fifty years, we
probably need to loo# at activities li#e transport,
fuel or to further advances in communications. Armaybe future technological changes will be much
more piecemeal, without discontinuities of the
siBe produced by electricity, aviation orcomputers.
&ealth creation in firms
$he most successful large firms of the twentiethcentury based their success on the management of
large integrated processes. Ail companies
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e!emplify this' so did the great manufacturing
companies of the era, %ord and ?eneral
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pioneered the technology and the definition of
customer needs.
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to have gained the upper hand. 8ll previous
phases of intense merger activity (the turn of the
last century, the 3127s, the 3627s) have ended inregretful mornings after and this does not seem
li#ely to be an e!ception.
;ut many of the effects of changing technology,and of globalisation, on structures are industry
specific. Sometimes technical change and
liberalisation dictate large firms (airlines),sometimes smaller ones (telecommunications).
Sometimes globalisation implies greater
concentration (;oeing can ma#e planes for theworld from Seattle), sometimes less (neither
; or any at all > ifobliged to rely on their domestic mar#ets).
Sometimes technological change reduces vertical
integration (as in pharmaceuticals, where the
major companies ta#e on a new role as findersand distributors (FpublishersG) of other people7s
research, or in media) > sometimes it increases
the need for such integration (as in retailing,where shop#eepers e!ert an ever increasing
influence over manufacturing processes).
$here are also some general trends in the natureof employment. $he #nowledge economy and
globalisation increase the differentials earned by
those with specific and distinctive s#ills. Soincome ine=uality rises (or unemployment if the
effects on differentials are resisted). 8nd, where it
is possible, uns#illed jobs will be transferred topoor countries. ;ut it is not universally true that
the s#ill re=uirements of jobs rise. @isney7s hosts,
or
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frontier. %or these countries, prospects of
economic growth depend little on technology and
principally on advances in their economic,political and social infrastructure.
$he gap between those countries whose systems
are able to accommodate e!tant technology toeconomic effect and those which cannot is star#
and persistent. Doosely, we might identify the first
group of countries as those whose levels of outputper head are half or more of the levels achieved in
SwitBerland or the nited States. 8t the other end
of the spectrum 5 those with output levels lessthan 2H 5 12H of this potential 5 countries are
constrained by their economic and social
organisation rather than by available #nowledgeand technology. $he first group of rich states
covers a little less than a billion people, the
second group, in sustained poverty, four fifths of
the world population $he intermediate group >which covers a wide span of levels of national
income and economic achievement > contains no
more than a doBen states with a total populationof only around 122 million (mainly in Spain,
8rgentina and South 0orea).
Aver the two centuries of rapid economic growthin rich states, the pattern has been for one or two
countries to join the group of advanced states
every decade or two. In the last fifty years or sothese new members of the rich list include Italy,
%inland and Ireland within Europe and the first
8sian economies (/apan, 9ong 0ong, Singapore)to operate at this technological frontier. $here is a
stri#ing geographical component within Europe,
the countries joining the group have always beencontiguous with, but peripheral to, the e!isting
members (as with Italy, %inland and Ireland) $his
pattern is li#ely to be repeated in the ne!t decadeas the wea#er E members (Spain, :ortugal,
?reece) increase their living standards and, in the
more distant future, other peripheral countries
may aspire to follow them (Slovenia, the "BechRepublic).
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stoc# prices.
$his is not all nonsense, but it is largely nonsense.$here is no end to the debate about the
appropriate form of political or economicinstitutions' indeed, as I have suggested, we may
in a few decades conduct that debate in entirelynew ways. $he evidence for a permanent increase
in 8merica7s potential growth rate is thin, and it is
worth remembering that only a decade ago the Sproductivity slowdown was a central theme of
economic commentators. 8nd even if everything
said about the 4ew Economy were true, it is notclear why it should lead to the huge increase in
the share of profits in national income which is
needed to justify a level of share prices whoserelationship to earnings is completely out of line
with historical e!perience.
$his is why it is li#ely that the 3327s will beidentified as one of the great speculative bubbles
of history. 8lthough we tal# melodramatically
about stoc# mar#et crashes, precipitate collapseshave always been rare (what made the 313 crash
memorable was not that there was a blac#
$hursday7 ' it was that shares continued to go
steadily down for four years afterwards). ;ubblescan burst, or they can slowly subside. In either
case, the conse=uences are generally unpleasant.
$he 313 crash brought about the virtual collapseof the 8merican ban#ing system. $he most
important speculative bubble of our lifetimes >
the /apanese share and property boom of the3*27s > ended in a ten year recession from which
there still seems no substantial relief.
$hese two historic e!amples illustrate that the
conse=uences of such booms and busts are not
confined to financial mar#ets. It is, however,virtually impossible to give specific predictions of
how, or when, these conse=uences will evolve,
even if it seems inevitable that they will occur. It
has seemed reasonable (but been wrong) toanticipate an end to the 8merican boom for three
or four years now although there are much
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stronger indicators today than before that the end
is in sight.
;ut the way in which the 8merican decade comes
to an end is probably the most important issue for
the world economy today. &hatever economicdevelopments of the ne!t twenty years hold, they
will be very different from the economicdevelopments of the last twenty years, especially
(but not e!clusively) as far as financial mar#etsICBBRMSTC
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An &ntroduction to Commerciali%ation
= Commerciali1ation mo'el an' value4a''ing steps
= Critical bri'ging activities .or managing sta+e(ol'er interests/ e>pectations/
an' support
= Processes o. tec(nolog) trans.er?wit(in an organi1ation or between
organi1ations
= !trategies an' conte>t
= #(e role government can pla) to support an' encourage commerciali1ation
Technology Commerciali%ation Assessments
= uic+loo+ an' In4$ept( assessments = Assessments an' incubation o. new
ventures
Technology 'icensing &ssues
= Owners(ip c(allenges = Publication vs2 IP protection@ !tartups vs2 licensing =
Ro)alt) policies/ 'istribution o. licensing revenue/ etc2
"odule # (b)ectives:
= 9amiliarit) wit( t(e .un'amental issues o. t(e commerciali1ation process/ an'
un'erstan'ing o. t(e conte>t in w(ic( tec(nolog) assessments/ venture planning
an' business planning are value4a''ing commerciali1ation steps2
= nowle'ge o. (ow to assess a tec(nolog) .or its commerciali1ation potential2
= Un'erstan'ing o. (ow a tec(nolog) assessment process can be use' to i'enti.)
potential commerciali1ation partners an' to .ocus a''itional researc( an'
'evelopment2
= Un'erstan'ing o. basic tec(nolog) licensing issues2
"odule 2: *enture +evelopment and ,usiness $lanning
8 'a)s o. instruction
Assessing t(e .easibilit) o. a venture an' 'etermining t(e most appropriate
venture mo'el How a business plan is 'evelope' .rom a venture mo'el
Communicating an' A'vocating "enture I'eas an' ,usiness Plans
= Content an' 'eliver) o. messages t(at communicate an' a'vocate i'eas0plans
= Elevator speec(es/ ten4minute blit1es/ venture plan summaries/ an' e>ecutive
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targets .or new pro'ucts/ 'etermining mar+et potential/ setting obectives/ an'
'eveloping mar+eting strategies an' tactics to launc( a (ig( tec(nolog) pro'uct
or service2
"odule 0 (b)ectives:
= E>plain t(e place an' roles o. mar+eting in t(e process o. commerciali1ing new
tec(nologies an' (ig( tec( pro'ucts2
= Appl) t(e principles o. persuasion to inDuence sta+e(ol'ers an' customers at
all stages o. t(e commerciali1ation process2
= $esign an' be able to 'e.en'/ a mar+eting plan .or t(e launc( o. a (ig( tec(
pro'uct t(at coul' be supporte' b) sta+e(ol'ers an' customers2
"odule : Competitive Technology-,ased trategy
748 'a)s o. instruction
#(is mo'ule/ 'esigne' aroun' a -el' proect/ classroom lectures an' case
stu'ies/ will teac( managers (ow to 'evelop a tec(nolog)4base' strateg)2 #(e
un'erl)ing obective is to teac( e3ective strategic management in tec(nolog)4
'riven environments2
"odule (b)ectives:
= Un'erstan' (ow to con'uct a strategic global in'ustr)/ -rm an' pro'uctanal)ses in (ig( competitive tec(nolog) environments2
= #ranslate competitive strategic management t(eor) into practical applications2
"odule 3: $resentation Wor1shop and inal $resentations
748 'a)s o. instruction0presentations 'epen'ing on number o. participantsF
#(is mo'ule is t(e capstone o. t(e program an' consists o. two sections2 $uring
t(e -rst 'a) or 'a) an' a (al./ 'epen'ing on t(e number o. teamsF/ eac(
participating team will give a 'r)4run o. t(eir presentation2 9acult) will provi'e.ee'bac+ on bot( t(e content an' st)le o. t(eir presentation an' on t(e
substance o. t(eir venture i'ea an' plan2 #(e ot(er participants also will (ave
t(e opportunit) to o3er .ee'bac+2 #eams will (ave t(e opportunit) to integrate
t(at .ee'bac+ into t(eir -nal presentations/ w(ic( t(e) will give in t(e remaining
time2 9acult) will provi'e a''itional .ee'bac+ on t(e -nal presentations2
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"odule 3 (b)ectives:
= Participants will receive .ee'bac+ t(at can be integrate' into t(eir -nal
presentation2
= Participants will learn about best practices o. presentations b) observing ot(er
teams/ listening to .acult) .ee'bac+/ an' o3ering t(eir own .ee'bac+2
= Participants will learn about best practices o. venture planning b) listening to
.acult) .ee'bac+ o. t(e presenting teams2
7J IC Institute/ #(e Universit) o. #e>as at Austin2 All rig(ts reserve'2
Global Commerciali1ation Group K ;5728;2885 K globalLic72ute>as2e'u
,ene4ts !or Countries and 5egions
= Create Globall) Competitive Regions/ In'ustries an' Enterprises
= I'enti.) Hig(4"alue Innovations
= Create Hig(4"alue Mobs
= Enable %ocal "entures to Access Global ar+ets an' Capital
= Accelerate Companies into Global ar+ets
= 9in' an' atc( Global Partners .or ,usiness0Researc(
= No4cost Economic $evelopment
= ,uil' t(e National an' %ocal Capacit) to !uccess.ull) Commerciali1e
#ec(nolog)
= %aunc( #ec(nologies into Global ar+ets
= Connect Innovations to Investment 9un'ing
mailto:[email protected]://www.ic2.org/mailto:[email protected] -
8/11/2019 Technology and wealth creation
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= Create !uccess.ul Entrepreneurs
6With so many new technologies vying !or the attention o! resource
providers7 choices about which technologies to !und must be made
early and more con4dently than in the past. Those who ta1e the plunge
early with conviction are the ones who establish leadership in a
technology7 gain a proprietary position7 and then dominate the
products emanating !rom it.8-- Vijay K. Jolly, Commercializing New
Technologies
,ene4ts !or Corporations 9 $rivate nterprises
GCG (as provi'e' (ig( tec( corporations wit( action programs to better e>ploit
intangible assets?suc( as unlicense' IP?to create value2 ,) (elping
corporations 'etermine appropriate strategies .or on4t(e4s(el. tec(nologies an'
create 'ecision processes .or tec(nologies/ ICs GCG (as contribute' to t(e
generation o. signi-cant revenue2
= I'enti.) Hig(4"alue Innovations
= Uncover "aluable Corporate Intelletual Propert)
= %aunc( #ec(nologies into Global ar+ets
= 9in' an' atc( Global Partners .or ,usiness0Researc(
= Create an' Invigorate Innovation Ecos)stems
= oneti1e %atent Intellectual Propert)
= a>imi1e Innovation Potential o. Organi1ations
= Compelling Programs to Help *in Government Contracts
= Hig(4ROI Programs .or Generating O3set Cre'it
= $evelop New Global ar+ets
= Create New "entures
(ttp600www2newsDas(2org07:070si0si7552(tm
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TRANSFERRING TECHNOLOGY, CREATING WEALTH
MANILA, June 7, 2005(STAR) STAR SCIENCE By Ellery F. Jose - As a graduate
student of te!nology "anage"ent (a relat#$ely ne% graduate &rogra" of ') I a"often as*ed +y "y a,ua#ntanes to d#fferent#ate "y degree fro" an MBA or MA. I
e&la#n #t #n ter"s of !o% t!ey d#ffer #n ontent and e"&!as#s a $ery aade"#
def#n#t#on. My lass"ate g#$es a "ore #llustrat#$e def#n#t#on and a +etter #dea ofte!nology "anage"ent. For !#" #t #s s#"&ly "a*#ng "oney out of te!nology. I!a$e s#ne ado&ted !#s def#n#t#on and I %as glad t!at t!#s #dea resonated #n a reent
art#le t!at I read. It %as a+out se$eral F#l#no entre&reneur#al tea"s t!at %on #nloal and #nternat#onal +us#ness &lan o"&et#t#ons. Featured %ere a graduate student
fro" S#ll#"an 'n#$ers#ty %!o #n$ented a te!nology for %aterless l#$e f#s! trans&orta tea" fro" FE' %#t! t!e#r +us#ness &lan for onstrut#on +oards "ade out of
alu"#nu" &a*ag#ng and eng#neer#ng undergraduates fro" ' /#l#"an %!o&re&ared a +us#ness &lan for afforda+le !#g!-,ual#ty "ed#al e,u#&"ent.
Congratulat#ng t!e" %as res#dent#al Consultant Jose Coneon III %!o sa#d It0st#"e for F#l#nos to "a*e "oney.
1o%e$er t!#s #dea of te!nology for %ealt!-reat#on st#ll !as to +e ult#$ated #n t!eF#l#no ons#ousness. In t!e !#l#&nes a s#ene or eng#neer#ng areer #s notloo*ed at as a &at!%ay to +eo"#ng r#!. 2!en I %as an undergraduate students
*ne% t!at aade"# resear! es&e#ally #f t!ey generate #n$ent#ons !a$e &otent#al
o""er#al $alue. But so"e!o% #t %as uno""on to t!#n* of us#ng our s#ent#f# orte!n#al *no%-!o% to +u#ld a +us#ness enter&r#se. 2e *no% t!at t!e 'n#$ers#ty of
t!e !#l#&nes !as not yet real#3ed t!e &otent#al $alue of #ts te!nolog#es or +enef#tedgreatly fro" t!e" unl#*e Stanford 'n#$ers#ty %!#! !as already earned 4556 "#ll#on
#n royalt#es fro" #ts &atents s#ne 789:. Based on a sur$ey for t!e year 6:::A"er#an un#$ers#t#es !a$e ree#$ed a total of 47.6 +#ll#on #n royalt#es fro" t!e#r
l#ensed te!nolog#es %!#! !a$e generated 4;: +#ll#on #n &rodut sales and no%ledge an also+e e"+edded #n #n$ent#ons t!at ar#se fro" un#$ers#ty resear! and are t!e su+=et of
te!nology transfer. A un#$ers#ty %#ll t!en a&&ly #ntelletual &ro&erty (I) &rotet#on#n t!e for" of a &atent or ut#l#ty "odel and t!en see* &otent#al #n$estors %!o "ay
%ant to l#ense t!e #n$ent#on. It #s atually l#*e a soft%are l#ense t!at g#$es a user ar#g!t to use MS 2ord +ut not o%n #t %!#! "eans t!at #t annot +e re&rodued and
d#str#+uted to ot!er Cs unless &er"#ss#on #s granted +eause t!e o&yr#g!t for #tre"a#ns %#t! t!e o%ner #n t!#s ase M#rosoft.
A te!nology l#ense %#ll al%ays #nlude &ro$#s#ons on &ay"ents (royalt#es u&-front
fees "#lestone &ay"ents) elus#$#ty (MS 2ord #s non-elus#$e +eause #t #sl#ensed to anyone %!o %ants to use #t and &ay t!e re,u#red fee) lengt! ofeffet#$#ty and o+l#gat#ons of t!e #n$estor or l#ensee. I %as saddened to !ear fro" an
Ateneo &rofessor t!at one of !#s olleagues #n$ented a $ery useful de$#e +ut sold #ts&atent to an #n$estor rat!er t!an l#ens#ng #t t!ere+y los#ng all !#s r#g!ts to t!e
te!nology. ?es t!#s #s an o&t#on +ut not &referred for o+$#ous reasons. @#ens#ngallo%s "a#"#3at#on of re$enues fro" t!e te!nology +eause #t g#$es t!e &atent (or
ut#l#ty "odel) o%ner a longer (and ult#"ately greater) strea" of #no"e unl#*esell#ng %!#! "eans =ust a one-off &ay"ent +ased on t!e &resent (and &otent#ally
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or&orat#ons #n t!e &ast %!#! "ay !a$e ontr#+uted to t!e#r negat#$e #"age. T!euse of eternal f#r"s or foundat#ons re"a#ns a $#a+le o&t#on deste t!ese
d#sad$antages as s!o%n +y '> Austral#an and er"an un#$ers#t#es.
R#g!t no% t!e 'S !as one of t!e "ost $#+rant syste"s of un#$ers#ty te!nology
transfer. T!ere #s a &rofess#onal organ#3at#on alled t!e Asso#at#on of 'n#$ers#ty
Te!nology Managers or A'TM %!#! #s o"&osed of !undreds of l#ens#ng&rofess#onals fro" d#fferent un#$ers#t#es. T!e suess of t!e syste" !as +eenred#ted to t!e fa"ous Bay!-/ole At of 78: an at t!at ga$e A"er#an un#$ers#t#es
t!e r#g!t to o+ta#n t#tles on #n$ent#ons ar#s#ng fro" federal-funded aade"#resear!es. It &ro$#ded t!e aade"e #nent#$es to set u& t!e#r o%n te!nology
transfer un#ts and to "a#"#3e t!e transfer of t!e#r #ntelletual &ro&ert#es to #ndustry.
Indeed aord#ng to t!e la% #t #s t!e#r "andate to do so. If t!ey fa#l t!en t!efederal go$ern"ent %#t! #ts "ar!-#n r#g!ts an ta*e t!ese &atents and
o""er#al#3e t!e" on #ts o%n.
T!e suess of t!e Bay!-/ole #n t!e 'S %#t! ot!er ountr#es l#*e Ja&an and er"anyado&t#ng so"e of #ts &ro$#s#ons !as generated #nterest and de+ate #n so"e of our
aade"# #nst#tut#ons and %#t!#n /DST. T!e#r ,uest#on #s 2#ll a s#"#lar leg#slat#on#"&ro$e our loal te!nology transfer syste"G I !a$e "et so"e &eo&le %!o +el#e$e
t!at #t %#ll and so"e %!o +el#e$e ot!er%#se. Dn t!e ot!er !and "ost are +et%eent!ese etre"es. ersonally I +el#e$e t!at t!ere are lessons t!at %e an learn fro"
t!e !#story of t!e Bay!-/ole At +ut t!ese lessons "ust +e &laed #n t!e r#g!tontet. T!e Bay!-/ole0s &r#"ary ontr#+ut#on %as to re"o$e t!e greatest o+stale
to t!e &roess +ureauray. By g#$#ng t!e res&ons#+#l#ty for te!nology transfer toun#$ers#t#es t!e Bay!-/ole re"o$ed t!e need for &r#$ate f#r"s to na$#gate t!e "a3e
of oftent#"es #nons#stent rules on l#ens#ng +y t!e d#fferent federal agen#es t!atfund aade"# resear!. For ea"&le l#ens#ng an #n$ent#on t!at %as funded +y
NASA t!e NI1 and 'S-/DE %ould !a$e +een a legal n#g!t"are Today a f#r" %ould=ust !a$e to go to an a&&ro&r#ate off#e #n a un#$ers#ty.
Furt!er t!e la% allo%ed elus#$e l#ens#ng of #n$ent#ons fro" resear! funded +y&u+l# funds. As a result "ore f#r"s %ere enouraged to l#ense t!ese te!nolog#es.1o%e$er not all #n$ent#ons are l#ensed %#t! elus#$#ty as #n t!e ase of
reo"+#nant /NA (and ot!er +as# te!nolog#es t!at %#ll #"&at se$eral #ndustr#es).But elus#$#ty !as #ts #n!erent +us#ness ad$antages t!at "a*e te!nolog#es "ore
attrat#$e to &otent#al l#ensees.
S#"#lar to t!e 'S a large &art of aade"# resear! #n t!e !#l#&nes #s funded +ygo$ern"ent funds and a Bay!-/ole-ty&e la% %#ll greatly #"&at te!nology transfer.
But t!e go$ern"ent &art#ularly t!e /DST and not un#$ers#t#es !as alreadyde$elo&ed s&e#f# "e!an#s"s for te!nology transfer (I u#del#nes and TAI or
Te!nology A&&l#at#on and ro"ot#on Inst#tute) alt!oug! ' also !as an e"erg#ng
syste". Su! leg#slat#on %#ll fa#l#tate t!e transfer &roess es&e#ally no% t!at ot!ergo$ern"ent agen#es are des#gn#ng t!e#r o%n I rules and &ol##es. 1o%e$er #t #s!#g!ly unl#*ely t!at t!e /DST %#ll g#$e u& #ts &r#"ary role #n t!e transfer &roess.
2!#le t!e /DST syste" needs #"&ro$e"ent #t !as s!o%n #tself a&a+le of suessfulte!nology transfer fro" un#$ers#ty resear! as #n t!e ase of t!e !er+al "ed##nes
lagund# and sa"+ong fro" ' Man#la.
T!ere #s no e$#dene loal or fore#gn to suggest t!at #nternal un#ts %#t!#n
un#$ers#t#es %#ll neessar#ly +e "u! +etter t!an a go$ern"ent ageny or any ot!er
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eternal ent#ty #n transferr#ng te!nology. It "ay +e t!at a /DST-led a&&roa! "ayadd anot!er layer of +ureaurayH !o%e$er +ased on "y o%n o+ser$at#ons t!e
d#stane +et%een a ' &rofessor and a /DST resear! oun#l "ay +e s!ortert!an t!e d#stane +et%een ' faulty and t!e ' ad"#n#strat#on. Ne$ert!eless t!ere
are good reasons for "a#nta#n#ng t!e autono"y of aade"# #nst#tut#ons &art#ularly#n s!ang t!e#r resear! agenda. A redued role #n "anag#ng t!e#r o%n #ntelletual
&ro&ert#es "ay defeat t!e $ery &ur&ose of aade"# freedo" %#t! gra$eonse,uenes. (A o"&ro"#se t!en !as to +e "ade) Regard#ng elus#$#ty for
&u+l#-funded resear!es I &ersonally +el#e$e t!#s #s a non-#ssue #n t!e +roaderontet and #s +est de#ded for ea! ase +ased on ae&ta+le r#ter#a.
Ellery F. Jose is an honor graduate of the BS Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
program of the University of the Philippines, Diliman. e is currently finishing hisresearch pro!ect on "Developing a Frame#or$ for University %echnology %ransfer&
%he 'ase of UP " for his Master in %echnology Management (M%M) at the UP%echnology Management 'enter. e #or$ed for the UP %echnology *icensing +ffice
in -- and #as also an S/% research teacher at the Philippine Science igh Schoolmain campus. e is a founding mem0er of the Pilosopong %asyo %echnopreneurs
'ooperative esta0lished 0y enterprising graduate students of the UP1%M' to serve asan incu0ator organi2ation for potential technology entrepreneurs. 3n the future, he
plans to pursue a career as a technology transfer consultant.
E-"a#l !#" at ef=ef=6::7ya!oo.o".
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]