Technology and Innovation for Zero Carbon Building · Technology and Innovation for Zero Carbon...

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International Seminar

Technology and Innovation for Zero

Carbon Building

4th Seminar Proceedings

HKU CIVIL ENGRG. DEPT.

Organised by:

Centre for Innovation in Construction and Infrastructure Development

The University of Hong Kong

Co-organised by:

Construction Industry Council

Zero Carbon Building

Wang Gungwu Theatre, Graduate House


December 2016

Hong Kong Zero Carbon Partnership for Enhancing

Public and Stakeholder Engagement

Seminar Series of Hong Kong Zero Carbon Partnership

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Zero Carbon Event Proceedings

The Hong Kong Zero Carbon Partnership

c/o

Department of Civil Engineering


Hong Kong, December 2016

Edited by Wei Pan, Mi Pan and Yi Yang

Members of Project Committee

Dr Wei Pan The University of Hong Kong

Prof Thomas Ng The University of Hong Kong

Prof S.C. Wong The University of Hong Kong

Dr Frank Xu The University of Hong Kong

Mr Julian Lee Construction Industry Council

Dr Guiyi Li Zero Carbon Building (retired)

Prof Conrad Wong Hong Kong Green Building Council

Ms Ada Fung Hong Kong Housing Authority

Mr Felix Leung China Trend Building

Prof Chimay Anumba The Pennsylvania State University

Mr Rob Pannell Zero Carbon Hub

Acknowledgements

This publication was made possible by the research funding from Construction Industry

Council. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily

represent the official views of Construction Industry Council.

Joining The Hong Kong Zero Carbon Partnership www.hkzcp.org

Should you be interested to join the Hong Kong Zero Carbon Partnership, please contact

Dr Wei Pan of the Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong at

[email protected], +852 2859 2671.

http://www.hkzcp.org/

mailto:[email protected]

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Table of Contents

About The Hong Kong Zero Carbon Partnership ....................................................... 4

About The Seminar Series............................................................................................ 5

Special Support from.................................................................................................... 6

Supporting Organizations of This Event..................................................................... 6

Seminar Rundown ........................................................................................................ 7

Executive Summary ...................................................................................................... 8

Welcome Speech ......................................................................................................... 10

Opening Speech .......................................................................................................... 11

Delivering Zero Carbon Buildings: The Case in the UK ........................................... 13

Achieving Low or Zero Carbon Buildings: The Case in Australia ........................... 15

Subtropical High-density Zero Energy Buildings in Singapore .............................. 17

Integration of End-user Needs in Net-Zero Energy Buildings ................................ 19

Net-Zero Energy Buildings and Automated Technology ......................................... 21

Design and Operation of Zero Carbon Building in Hong Kong ............................... 23

Plenary Session........................................................................................................... 25

Closing Remarks ......................................................................................................... 26

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About The Hong Kong Zero Carbon Partnership

The zero carbon building approach has been adopted in many countries and regions as

an important government strategy for addressing climate change, achieving a low

carbon economy and uplifting quality of people’s life. Zero carbon buildings are far more

than a technological solution, but complex socio-technical systems. It is therefore

important to enhance public and stakeholder engagement in the planning and delivery

of zero carbon buildings. However, how stakeholders can work in partnership for

delivering zero carbon buildings effectively remains a socio-technical challenge.

The Hong Kong Zero Carbon Partnership is a research initiative funded by the

Construction Industry Council (CIC) and led by The University of Hong Kong (HKU) with

support from a number of organizations including Zero Carbon Building (ZCB), Hong

Kong Housing Authority (HKHA), Hong Kong Green Building Council (HKGBC), China

Trend Building Press, Pennsylvania State University, and Zero Carbon Hub. The

Partnership aims to function as a mechanism to bridge the links between the public and

many stakeholder groups in Hong Kong and beyond, and provide a platform to support

the transition of the buildings and the built environment in Hong Kong towards zero

carbon and sustainability. Supporting the Partnership is the Hong Kong Zero Carbon

Portal with measurement and monitoring of Hong Kong’s public and stakeholders’

understanding, attitude and behaviour regarding zero carbon building.

HKU CIVIL ENGRG. DEPT.

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About The Seminar Series

The seminar series are an important part of the research initiative, on which the

Hong Kong Zero Carbon Partnership is based. The seminars aim to share and

disseminate the knowledge of zero carbon building in relation to the principles,

practices, policies and priorities in Hong Kong, and internationally as well. The

principles include the elements, parameters, boundaries of zero carbon buildings

in a systems manner, and the associated public and stakeholders’ perceptions.

The practices refer to the challenges, opportunities, good practice and lesson

learnt with regard to the planning and delivery of zero carbon buildings. The

policies denote the relevant policies, codes and regulations to low or zero carbon

building. The priorities mean the strategies for management and benchmarking.

The seminars together will help Hong Kong public and stakeholders understand

zero carbon buildings as complex socio-technical systems which embrace

product, process and people, and therefore inform and support their attitudes

and behaviours for building towards zero carbon.

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Special Support from

Supporting Organizations of This Event

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Seminar Rundown

1:30 – 2:00pm Registration

2:00 – 2:05pm Welcome Speech Dr Wei Pan, Project Director, Hong Kong Zero Carbon Partnership

2:05 – 2:15pm Opening Speech Ms Christine Loh, Under Secretary for Environment, HKSAR Government

2:15 – 2:25pm Photo Session (Moderated by Prof CK Mak, Vice Chairman, CICID)

2:25 – 2:50pm Delivering Zero Carbon Buildings: The Case in the UK Prof Phillip Jones, Chair in Architectural Science, Cardiff University, UK

2:50 – 3:15pm Achieving Low or Zero Carbon Buildings: The Case in Australia Prof Deo Prasad, Chief Executive Officer, Low Carbon Living CRC, Australia

3:15 – 3:40pm Subtropical High-density Zero Energy Buildings in Singapore Dr Chun-ping Gao, Director of Green Building Innovation Cluster, Building and Construction Authority, Singapore

3:40 – 4:00pm Refreshments

4:00 – 4:25pm Integration of End-user Needs in Net-Zero Energy Buildings Prof Chimay Anumba, Dean of College of Design, Construction & Planning, University of Florida, US

4:25 – 4:45pm Net-Zero Energy Buildings and Automated Technology Dr Thomas Linner, Chair of Building Realization and Robotics, Technical University Munich, Germany

4:45 – 5:05pm Design and Operation of Zero Carbon Building in Hong Kong Mr Justin Li, Assistant Director, Zero Carbon Building, Construction Industry Council, HKSAR

5:05 – 5:25pm Plenary Session Prof Jones, Prof Prasad, Dr Gao, Prof Anumba and Dr Linner; moderated by Prof Sam Chan, The University of Hong Kong

5:25 – 5:30pm Closing Remarks Prof Thomas Ng, Executive Director, CICID, The University of Hong Kong

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Executive Summary

The fourth seminar of the Hong Kong Zero Carbon Partnership (HKZCP) entitled

‘Technology and Innovation for Zero Carbon Building’ was held at the Graduate House of

The University of Hong Kong (HKU) on 14 December 2016. As an essential part of the

HKZCP seminar series, this seminar was co-organised by the HKU Centre for Innovation

in Construction and Infrastructure Development (CICID), Construction Industry Council

(CIC) and Zero Carbon Building (ZCB), with special support from Climate Ready @ HK

and Environment Bureau of the HKSAR Government. Over 250 professionals and

stakeholders from government, industry and academia participated in the seminar. A

number of well-known speakers from the US, UK, Australia, Singapore, Germany and

Hong Kong shared the state-of-the-art technology and innovation for low or zero carbon

buildings over the two sessions of the seminar.

In the first session, Dr Wei Pan, Project Director of the HKZCP first welcomed all

participants and provided an outline of the seminar. Then Ms Christine Loh, Under

Secretary for Environment of the HKSAR Government opened the seminar, and

introduced the government initiatives in combating climate change and promoting

sustainable development. Prof Phillip Jones, Chair of Architectural Science of Cardiff

University, subsequently presented the case of delivering zero carbon buildings in the

UK. After that, Prof Deo Prasad, Chief Executive Officer of Australia Low Carbon Living

CRC, shared the experiences of Australia on achieving low or zero carbon buildings. Dr

Chun-ping Gao, Director of Green Building Innovation Cluster of Singapore Building and

Construction Authority, contributed a Singaporean perspective of delivering subtropical

high-density zero energy buildings.

In the second session, Prof Chimay Anumba, Dean of College of Design, Construction &

Planning of University of Florida, gave a talk on the integration of end-user needs in

net-zero energy buildings. Dr Thomas Linner from Chair of Building Realization and

Robotics of Technical University Munich presented the utilization of advanced

automated and robotic construction in the context of sustainable building. Then Mr

Justin Li, Assistant Director of Environment & Sustainability of Zero Carbon Building

shared on the design and operation of Zero Carbon Building in Hong Kong. At the end of

the seminar Prof Sam Chan, Associate Director of CICID, moderated a plenary session,

which furthered the sharing and debating on how technology and innovation can best

help to deliver zero carbon buildings. Over the Closing Remarks Prof Thomas Ng,

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Executive Director of CICID, highlighted the crucial role of technologies to tackle the

significant challenges for delivering buildings towards zero carbon in Hong Kong and

called for cross-industry and community learning and sharing and collaborating.

From left to right are Mr Justin Li, Prof Chimay Anumba, Dr Chun-ping Gao, Prof Deo Prasad, Ms

Christine Loh, Prof Phillip Jones, Prof CK Mak, Dr Thomas Linner, Prof Thomas Ng, Prof Sam Chan,

and Dr Wei Pan

Audience

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Welcome Speech Dr Wei Pan, Project Director, Hong Kong Zero Carbon Partnership

Bio

Dr Wei Pan is Co-Chair of Low Carbon Construction Taskforce and Associate Director of Centre

for Innovation in Construction and Infrastructure Development (CICID) of The University of Hong

Kong. He is specialised in sustainable construction and management, with research interest

covering zero carbon building, prefabrication, productivity and decision making, having secured

over HK$24million research fund and authored over 130 publications. He received his BSc in

Civil Engineering from Hunan University and MSc and PhD in Construction Management from

Loughborough University, and is visiting academic to Imperial College London. He has 21 years of

professional experience in Asia and Europe in building design and engineering, construction

project management and innovation management. He is Chartered Builder, Chartered

Environmentalist, and Fellow of Higher Education Academy.

Dr Wei Pan first welcomed all participants to the seminar and thanked all the

supporting organisations. He then briefly introduced the Hong Kong Zero Carbon

Partnership (HKZCP), which has attracted over 65 corporate members locally

and globally. He also highlighted the vision of the HKZCP, i.e. “to help position

Hong Kong as a world-class knowledge-based, innovation-driven and

multi-stakeholder-engaged hub for zero carbon building in urban environments”,

and reported the operation status of the HKZCP Portal. By reviewing the past

seminars and workshops under the HKZCP, Dr Pan demonstrated the strong

influence of the Partnership and invited more organisations to join.

Dr Wei Pan, Project Director,

Hong Kong Zero Carbon

Partnership, delivered the

Welcome Speech.

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Opening Speech

Ms Christine Loh

Under Secretary for Environment, HKSAR Government

Bio

Ms Christine Loh was the Chief Executive Officer of the non-profi t public policy think tank Civic

Exchange prior to joining the HKSAR Government in September 2012. Prior to founding Civic

Exchange in 2000, Ms Loh had spent nearly a decade as a politician and member of the

Legislative Council (1992-97 and 1998-2000). Before joining the Legislative Council, Ms Loh held

senior regional positions in commodities trading, as well as in project negotiation. Having been

very active in public affairs since 1980, she had founded or served on boards of a wide range of

non-governmental organisations in Hong Kong and overseas concerning a variety of issues

including environmental protection, urban pl anning and design, and equal opportunity. Ms Loh is

a lawyer by training.

Ms Christine Loh, Under Secretary for Environment of HKSAR Government,

opened the seminar by outlining the Government's efforts in combating climate

change and promoting sustainable development. Ms Loh first pointed out that

Hong Kong has acceded to the Paris Agreement and will follow its reporting

timeline, while the 4Ts (Timeline, Time, Transparency and Together) has been

developed by the Government as the operational framework. Also, a new Climate

Ready website has been developed to enhance the communication and raise

public awareness on the importance of combating climate change. She

introduced the actions within the Government including updating steering

Ms Christine Loh, Under

Secretary for Environment,

HKSAR Government, delivered

the Opening Speech.

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committee’s work and internal & external mainstreaming; and emphasized the

Government’s focus in operationalizing the Paris Agreement under the 4Ts

framework. With a brief review of the activities and events, she demonstrated

how Together has been successfully implemented, and indicated its fundamental

role in achieving targets in Timeline, Time, and Transparency.

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Delivering Zero Carbon Buildings: The Case in the UK

Prof Phillip Jones

Chair in Architectural Science, Cardiff University, UK

Bio

Prof Phil Jones has led a number of research projects in the field of low energy, low

carbon, and sustainable design in the built environment, including, the EU FP5 funded

development of a web based decision making framework, Practical Evaluation Tools for

Urban Sustainability (PETUS); the building energy model (HTB2), and the Urban Scale

Energy and Environment Prediction (EEP) model. He chaired the ERDF funded Wales

Low Carbon Research Institute (value £34million). He has chaired two COST Actions,

COST C23 ‘Low Carbon Urban Built Environments’ network, which had 19 member

states participating (2005-20010), and COST TU1104 ‘Smart Energy Regions (SmartER)’

with 28 member states (2012 to 2016). He was appointed by the Welsh Government to

be the first chair of its Building Regulation Advisory Committee (since 2012). He Chairs

the Board of Directors of Warm Wales (since 2006), a community interest company,

which has installed over £50 million of energy efficiency measures to existing fuel poor

housing in Wales. He is a partner in the Swiss based environmental design company,

Jones Kopitsis AG.

Prof Phillip Jones, Chair of Architectural Science of Cardiff University, delivered

his keynote speech on the topic of “Delivering Zero Carbon Buildings: The Case in

the UK”. Prof Jones first outlined the CO2 emission targets of 2030 and the

continued efforts needed to fulfil the targets. With reference to many design

Prof Phillip Jones, Chair in

Architectural Science, Cardiff

University, UK, delivered a

keynote speech.

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approaches for energy efficiency, Prof Jones pointed out a new way of energy

positive design to address zero carbon from supply side. He subsequently

introduced the main findings from the investigation of some energy generating

building envelopes in terms of energy positive design; and also explained a

systems approach combining reduced energy demand, renewable supply and

energy storage to produce a solution that performs with replicability and

affordability. He then shared with the audience the case of SOLCER, the energy

positive house with integrated technologies and architectural elements. He

concluded his speech by addressing the importance of public awareness about of

sustainable development as well as the possibility to fulfil zero carbon targets for

buildings.

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Achieving Low or Zero Carbon Buildings: The Case in Australia

Prof Deo Prasad

Chief Executive Officer, Low Carbon Living CRC, Australia

Bio

Scientia Prof Deo Prasad AO is an international authority on sustainable buildings and

cities and among the leading advocates for sustainability in Australia. Deo won the 2006

Royal Australian Institute of Architect’s National Education Award for contribution to

‘sustainability education, research and design’. In 2004 he won the NSW Government’s

individual GreenGlobe Award for ‘showing leadership and commitment to the supply of

renewable energy’. He has also won the Federal Government’s national award for

‘outstanding contribution to energy related research’ and was admitted as a Fellow of

the Australian Academy of Technology Sciences and Engineering in 2014. He is a regular

contributor to debate in this area in local and international media. Deo sits on numerous

boards and committees in this field in Australia and abroad. He has published in excess

of 280 refereed publications. He is now the CEO of the CRC for Low Carbon Living - a

national research and innovation hub for the built environment.

Prof Prasad presented on the research and deployment in mainstreaming low

carbon buildings and cities in Australia. He first introduced the potential growth

of energy demand and related GHG emissions for global construction in the next

35 years. He then emphasized the major challenges in promoting green buildings,

including how to fully deploy the present research, development and evidence

and what technologies, systems and integration of knowledge is needed to

Prof Deo Prasad, Chief Executive

Officer, Low Carbon Living CRC,

Australia, delivered a keynote

speech.

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address barriers. To illustrate the importance of evidence, he provided some

Australian showcase projects in major cities with introduction of applied

technology and achievements. Prof Prasad also underlined the integration of end

user responses for enabling the reduction of carbon emissions of the built

environment sector. He pointed out challenges for net-zero and Low-energy

homes/buildings from both technical and social perspectives when concluding

his speech.

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Subtropical High-density Zero Energy Buildings in Singapore

Dr Chun-ping Gao

Director of Green Building Innovation Cluster, Building and Construction Authority, Singapore

Bio

Dr Gao leads the green building team in the Built Environment Research and Innovation

Institute (BERII) at Building and Construction Authority (BCA) of Singapore. He and his

team works on R&D, testbedding and demonstration of energy-efficient building

technologies and practices. This include the S$ 52 million Green Building Innovation

Cluster (GBIC) programme, BCA SkyLab project, and the Zero Energy Building

demonstration and road mapping. Trained as an engineer and researcher, Dr Gao has

been actively involved in the development of several large scale projects and

code/standards developments, including the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city and BCA

Green Mark scheme. He is a member of ASHRAE and lectures at tertiary institutions in

Singapore.

Dr Gao gave a presentation on delivering high-density zero energy buildings

within the context of Singapore. He first outlined the current state of building

energy consumption and green mark scheme for buildings. He then highlighted

BCA’s aspiration for zero energy building, and introduced strategies to fulfill the

aspiration with showcase projects of Positive-Energy Low-Rise, Zero-Energy

Medium-Rise, and Super Low-Energy High-Rise Buildings. He demonstrated

achievements that the energy consumption level has been reduced by half due to

the adoption of passive and active strategies together with smart control. He

Dr Chun-ping Gao, Director of Green

Building Innovation Cluster, Building

and Construction Authority,

Singapore, delivered a keynote

speech.

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shared R&D programmes and technology roadmap from BCA regarding building

energy efficient solutions, and particularly emphasised the importance of the

collaboration between research institutions and industry organisations. Dr Gao

concluded his speech with the roadmap showing Singapore’s strategic

deployment to progressively achieve net zero energy buildings.

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Integration of End-user Needs in Net-Zero Energy Buildings

Prof Chimay Anumba

Dean of College of Design, Construction & Planning, University of Florida, US

Bio

Prof Chimay Anumba is Dean of the College of Design, Construction, and Planning at The

University of Florida. He is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering (the United

Kingdom’s National Academy of Engineering). His research interests are in the fields of

advanced engineering informatics, concurrent engineering, knowledge management,

distributed collaboration systems, and intelligent systems. He has over 450 scientific

publications in these fields and his work has received support worth over $150m from a

variety of sources. He has also supervised 45 doctoral candidates to completion and

mentored over 23 postdoctoral researchers. He is a Chartered/Professional Engineer

and a Fellow of the following professional institutions: the American Society of Civil

Engineers, The Institution of Civil Engineers, and The Institution of Structural Engineers.

Prof Anumba delivered a speech on the significance of and strategies for

integrating end-user needs in Net-Zero Energy Buildings. He first provided an

overview of sustainability context, global greenhouse gas emissions, energy

consumption of buildings, greenhouse gas emissions comparison of USA and

China and Paris COP21 targets. Then he defined Net-Zero Energy Buildings and

introduced the related approaches, like reducing load demand to the building,

controlling heat gain and heat loss, and using renewable energy. His speech in

particular addressed the need to incorporate values and preferences of building

Prof Chimay Anumba, Dean of

College of Design, Construction &

Planning, University of Florida, US,

delivered a keynote speech.

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end-users to achieve Net-Zero Energy Buildings. He introduced methods and

intelligent systems, which can be used to monitor, capture and predict

occupants' preference, and also presented cases to illustrate the related

applications. He also stressed the necessity of learning from the other industries,

e.g. automobile, maritime and aerospace industries in respect of understanding

end-users’ needs, and stressed the importance of leverage such learning for

further realizing end-user orientation for Net-Zero Energy Buildings. In the

conclusions he pointed out the difficulties and stressed the possibilities of

concretely achieving net-zero energy and enhanced end-user comfort.

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Net-Zero Energy Buildings and Automated Technology

Dr Thomas Linner

Chair of Building Realization and Robotics, Technical University Munich, Germany

Bio

Thomas Linner is a research associate in building realization and robotics at Technical

University Munich (TUM). Over last few years, he has contributed to major research

projects, with a focus on the deployment of advanced technology in the building sector.

He is a specialist in the area of automated production of building products as well as in

the enhancement of the performance of building products by advanced technology. He

completed his dissertation in the field of construction automation, focusing on

automated/robotic on-site factories. Increasingly, the generation of innovation

strategies, business models, value systems, and innovative manufacturing organization

methods complementary with advanced technology in construction is becoming the

central issue in his research. Dr Linner has been an invited speaker at universities such

as the University of Tokyo and Cambridge University. He has received several prizes and

grants, including a Japanese Center of Excellence Grant.

Dr Linner delivered a speech on the utilization of advanced automated and

robotic construction within the context of sustainable buildings. In his speech,

the status quo of sustainability in construction and manufacture industry was

compared first. Then case studies on prefabrication, single-task robotics and

Automated/Robotic On-Site Factories (A/ROFs) were shared with the audience

to illustrate how environmental management could be optimized by using

Dr Thomas Linner, Chair of Building

Realization and Robotics, Technical

University Munich, Germany,

delivered a keynote speech.

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advanced automation and robotics in construction. Two ongoing projects were

subsuently introduced, i.e., BERTIM (Building Energy Renovation through

Timber Prefabricated Modules) and ZeroPlus (Achieving near Zero and Positive

Energy Settlements in Europe using Advanced Energy Technology). These two

projects were initiated to reduce the cost for highly energy-efficient components

and buildings through large-scale prefabrication. Dr Linner interpreted the

current stage of automated and robotic construction from an S-curve perspective

and wind up the talk with the case of automotive industry, highlighting the

importance of better production processes to reduce the cost.

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Design and Operation of Zero Carbon Building in Hong Kong

Mr Justin Li

Assistant Director, Zero Carbon Building, Construction Industry Council, HKSAR

Bio

Mr Li is a Chemical Engineer by training and has been involved in the sustainability

profession for over 20 years. His employers included public utilities, blue-chip property

developer, international environmental consultancy, local NGO, MNCs (ibank, energy

companies). Justin has been engaged in the technical as well as the project management

aspects of environmental and CSR projects for both public and private sectors’ clients.

He is currently the Assistant Director - Environmental & Sustainability with the

Construction Industry Council and is responsible for the management of ZCB, the first

zero carbon building in Hong Kong as well as promoting sustainability awareness within

the construction industry.

Mr Li presented the topic on the design and operation of the ‘Zero Carbon

Building (ZCB)’, which is the first zero carbon building in Hong Kong. His speech

began with an overview of greenhouse gas emissions and building energy

consumption within the global and Hong Kong contexts, then the key innovation,

carbon reduction strategies, and energy saving strategies in ZCB were shared. Mr

Li explained how passive design measures and active systems were adopted to

improve energy efficiency. He also described data collection methods, the gap

between designed and actual energy performance and reasons for the

Mr Justin Li, Assistant Director, Zero

Carbon Building, Construction

Industry Council, HKSAR, delivered a

keynote speech.

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performance gap. He acknowledged the achievement in carbon footprint in 2015 ,

pointed out challenges to, and highlighted lesson learned from the design and

operation of ZCB. He concluded his speech by addressing the ongoing

improvements and opportunities in delivering more zero carbon buildings in

Hong Kong.

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Plenary Session

Prof Phillip Jones, Prof Deo Prasad, Dr Chun-ping Gao, Prof Chimay Anumba, Dr

Thomas Linner and Mr Justin Li joined the plenary session moderated by Ir Prof

Sam Chan. A number of questions and comments were raised by the audience.

Common themes of the plenary session included the potential threats to the

labour market with the application of automation and robotics, how technology

and innovation can best help to deliver zero carbon buildings, and the

importance of partnering and international sharing.

From left to right are Mr Justin Li, Dr Chun-ping Gao, Prof Chimay Anumba, Prof Phillip Jones,

Prof Deo Prasad, Dr Thomas Linner, and Prof Sam Chan

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Closing Remarks

Prof Thomas Ng delivered the closing remarks. He first summarized the

presentations delivered by the invited local and overseas speakers and thanked

all for sharing their knowledge and experience in applying technology and

innovation worldwide. Then he highlighted the importance of technologies in

overcoming significant challenge for delivering buildings towards zero carbon in

Hong Kong as a typical high-density hot-and-humid urban environment. He also

pointed out the need for industry players in different countries or cities to learn,

communicate, and collaborate with each other towards the delivery of low or

zero carbon buildings. Prof Ng finally thanked all attendees for their

participation, and invited all for continuous support for the research activities

and events of The Hong Kong Zero Carbon Partnership in the future.

Prof Thomas Ng, Executive Director, CICID, The University of Hong Kong, delivered the Closing

Remarks.

(Photos courtesy of Long Chen and Sanyuan Niu)

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The Hong Kong Zero Carbon Partnership

www.hkzcp.org

Hong Kong, December2016

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