Technologie - sonorisation- · PDF...

Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Vgejpqnqikg

Technologie

Nc"ejc¶pg"fingevtq/ceqwuvkswg"guv"eqpuvkvwfig"fÓwpg"uweeguukqp"fÓfinfiogpvu"rnwu"qwoqkpu"eqorngzgu"<"fw"oketqrjqpg"§"nc"fkhhwukqp"gp"ucnng"gp"rcuucpv"rct"nc"eqpuqngfg"okzcig."ejcswg"crrctgkn"guv"nkfi"§"nÓcwvtg0"Nc"eqppgevkswg"rgtogv"eg"rcuucig."chkpfÓqdvgpkt"wp"uqp"rtqrtg0

eqr{tkijv"Cigpeg"ewnvwtgnng"f)Cnuceg

Eg"fqewogpv"rtqxkgpv"fw"ukvg"Kpvgtpgv jvvr<11yyy0uqpqtkucvkqp/urgevceng0qti

http://www.sonorisation-spectacle.org/publicmedia/formatted/242/63/fr/photo%20ACA%2C%20console%20mixage;h=445,w=640.jpg

http://www.sonorisation-spectacle.org

Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Nc"ejckpg"fingevtqceqwuvkswg

La chaine électroacoustique

Swgnswgu"tcrrgnu"<qpfg"uqpqtg"<"fipgtikg"ceqwuvkswgoketqrjqpg"<"vtcpuhqtocvkqp"fg"nÓfipgtikg"ceqwuvkswg"gp"fipgtikg"fingevtkswg"*swgnswguoknnkxqnvu+vcdng"fg"okzcig"<"rtfi/cornkhkecvkqp"gv"vtckvgogpvu"fkxgtu"*swgnswgu"egpvckpgu"fg"oknnkxqnvu+cornkhkecvkqp"<"cwiogpvcvkqp"fg"nc"rwkuucpeg"*rnwukgwtu"fk¦ckpgu"fg"xqnvu+jcwv/rctngwt"<"vtcpuhqtocvkqp"fg"nÓfipgtikg"fingevtkswg"gp"fipgtikg"ceqwuvkswg




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"N)cornkhkecvgwt"@"N)cornkhkecvgwt

L'amplificateur

Ng"ukipcn"cwfkq"ffinkxtfi"rct"nc"vcdng"fg"okzcig"rgwv"cvvgkpftg"3"xqnv"gv"pg"uwhhkv"rcu"§hcktg"dqwigt"ngu"ogodtcpgu"fg"pqu"jcwv/rctngwtu0"Kn"guv"fqpe"pfieguucktg"fgnÓcornkhkgt0

NÓcornkhkecvkqp"guv"wp"rtqefiffi"swk"eqpukuvg"§"fingxgt"ng"pkxgcw"fÓwp"ukipcn"ucpu"cwvtgoqfkhkecvkqp="nc"htfiswgpeg"ckpuk"swg"nc"hqtog"fw"ukipcn"tguvgpv"ngu"o‒ogu."kn"pÓ{"cswg"nÓcornkvwfg"swk"cwiogpvg0

NÓcornkhkecvgwt"guv"wp"crrctgkn"fingevtqpkswg"rgtogvvcpv"nÓcwiogpvcvkqp"fw"pkxgcwfÓwp"ukipcn0"Qp"nÓwvknkug"rqwt"cnkogpvgt"gpegkpvgu"gv"jcwv/rctngwtu0"Qp"gpvtg"wp"ukipcnhckdng"§"jcwvg"korfifcpeg"gv"qp"gp"uqtv"wpg"vgpukqp"fingxfig"§"dcuug"korfifcpeg0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"E¤dncig"gv"eqppgevgwtu"@"E¤dncig"gv"eqppgevgwtu

Câblage et connecteurs

Cxcpv"fÓqhhtkt"wp"uqp"cwz"htfiswgpegu"jctoqpkgwugu."nc"rtgokfltg"tgejgtejg"fwtfiikuugwt"uqp"qw"fw"uqpqtkucvgwt"gv"fÓqdvgpkt"wp"uqp"rtqrtg."eÓguv/§/fktg"ucpu"dw¦¦"pktqphngvvg0"Rqwt"egnc."kn"{"c"nkgw"fg"tgurgevgt"ng"dtcpejgogpv"fgu"finfiogpvu"gpvtg"gwzrct"wpg"eqppgevkswg"cffiswcvg0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Nc"vcdng"fg"okzcig"@"Nc"vcdng"fg"okzcig

La table de mixage

Qw"rwrkvtg."eqpuqngÈ"fg"ofincpig0

Hqpevkqpu"<"rtfi/cornkhkgt."fiicnkugt."gv"fkuvtkdwgt"ngu"fkhhfitgpvgu"oqfwncvkqpuoketqrjqpgu"qw"uwrrqtv"fg"fkhhwukqpu"*EF."Okpk"Fkue+"xgtu"nÓgpugodng"fgujcwv/rctngwtu"fguvkpfiu"cw"rwdnke"gv"cwz"owukekgpu"uwt"ueflpg"ckpuk"swÓ§"fkhhfitgpvucrrctgknu"rfitkrjfitkswgu"*gptgikuvtgwtu."ownvk/ghhgvuÈ+0

Kn"gzkuvg"wpg"ownvkvwfg"fg"vcdngu"fg"okzcig."fgu"rnwu"uqoocktgu"cwz"rnwu"eqornflvgu0Ng"ejqkz"ug"hgtc"gp"hqpevkqp"fgu"dguqkpu"nkfiu"cw"urgevceng"§"uqpqtkugt0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"oketqrjqpgu"@"Ngu"oketqrjqpgu

Les microphones

Ng"oketqrjqpg"guv"wp"ecrvgwt"swk"vtcpuhqtog"nÒfipgtikg"ceqwuvkswg"*qpfgu"uqpqtgu+gp"fipgtikg"fingevtkswg"*vgpukqp"cnvgtpcvkxg+0Qp"ffihkpkv"wp"oketqrjqpg"rctuqp"v{rg"<"swgnng"vgejpqnqikg"guv"wvknkufig"rqwt"nc"vtcpuhqtocvkqp"fg"nÓfipgtikgceqwuvkswg"gp"fipgtikg"fingevtkswg"Auc"fktgevkxkvfi"*ugpukdknkvfi"fÓwp"oketqrjqpg"rct"tcrrqtv"§"nÓcping"fÓkpekfgpeg"fg"nÓqpfgceqwuvkswg+"<"fg"swgn"e»vfi"gpvgpf/v/kn"ngu"uqpu"A




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Gp"rtcvkswg"@"Gp"rtcvkswg

En pratique

Nc"okug"gp"rnceg"fgu"gpegkpvgu"gv"ngwt"dtcpejgogpv"cwz"cornkhkecvgwtu"tfirqpf"§egtvckpu"rctcoflvtgu"swÓkn"hcwv"tgurgevgt."pqvcoogpv"nc"rjcug"gv"nÓkorfifcpeg0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Fquukgtu"vgejpkswgu"@"Fquukgtu"vgejpkswgu

Dossiers techniques

Ng"uqp."ocvkfltg"ctvkuvkswg."tgswkgtv"wpg"crrtqejg"vgejpkswg"hqtvg0"Ek/crtflu."nghqpevkqppgogpv"fgu"hknvtgu"eqttgevgwtu."fgu"eqortguugwtu."nc"rtkug"fg"uqpÈ




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"jcwvu/rctngwtu"gv"gpegkpvgu"@"Ngu"jcwv/rctngwtu"gvgpegkpvgu

Les hauts-parleurs et enceintes

Gp"dqwv"fg"ejc¶pg"fingevtq/ceqwuvkswg."ngu"gpegkpvgu"fkhhwugpv"ng"uqp"swk"c"fivfi"vtcxcknnfi"rctngu"cwvtgu"finfiogpvu"gp"coqpv0"Vqwv"eqoog"ngu"oketqu."nc"swcnkvfi"fg"tguvkvwvkqp"fgucrrctgknu"fg"fkhhwukqp"kphnwg"fktgevgogpv"uwt"nc"swcnkvfi"fw"uqp"fÓwp"urgevceng0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Nc"vcdng"fg"okzcig"@"Xqkg"f)gpvtfig

Voie d'entrée

On distingue principalement sur la console, les voies d’entrée et les voies desortie.Nc"xqkg"fÓgpvtfig"rquuflfg"rnwukgwtu"tceeqtfgogpvu"rquukdngu"<

nÓgpvtfig"oketq"fiswkrfig"fÓwp"eqppgevgwt"ZNT"rgtogv"fg"tceeqtfgt"wp"ukipcnoketqrjqpkswg"*hckdng+"u{ofivtkswg"§"dcuug"korfifcpeg0nÓgpvtfig"nkipg"*qw"nkpg+"ifipfitcngogpv"fiswkrfig"fÓwp"eqppgevgwt"LCEM"rqwt"tceeqtfgtwp"ukipcn"§"jcwvg"korfifcpeg"fqpv"ng"pkxgcw"guv"rnwu"korqtvcpv"swg"egnwk"fÓwpoketqrjqpg0NÓgpvtfig"nkipg"guv"ifipfitcngogpv"cu{ofivtkswg."ocku"rgwv/‒vtg"fiicngogpv"u{ofivtkswguwt"ngu"eqpuqngu"rtqhguukqppgnngu0

Ngu"rtkpekrcwz"tfiincigu"swg"nÓqp"vtqwxg"uwt"wpg"xqkgfÓgpvtfig"< GAIN, TRIM qw SENS ugnqp"ngu"eqpuvtwevgwtu"<Ffiukipg"nÓfivcig"fÓcornkhkecvkqp"fw"ukipcn0"Kn"ugtv"§"fingxgt"ng"pkxgcw"fw"oketq"*qw"fg"ncnkipg+"rqwt"nwk"fqppgt"wpg"xcngwt"swk"eqttgurqpf"cwz"vgpukqpu"fg"hqpevkqppgogpv"fguektewkvu"fg"nc"eqpuqng0"Ng"pkxgcw"guv"xkukdng"uwt"ng"xw/oflvtg"fg"nc"eqpuqng"nqtuswg"nÓqpcrrwkg"uwt"ng"dqwvqp"RHN"qw"EWG"="qw"uwtwp"dctitcrjg"xkuwcnkucpv"vqwvgu"ngugpvtfigu"fg"nc"eqpuqng"uk"gnng"gp"guv"fiswkrfig0"Vtqr"hckdng."›c"uqwhhng"#"Vtqr"hqtv."›cucvwtg"*etcswgogpvu."fkuvqtukqp+"# PAD, LINE qw HI-Z ugnqp"ngu"eqpuvtwevgwtu"<Cvvfipwcvkqp."gp"ifipfitcn"fg"42"fD."fw"ukipcn"rtfiugpv"§nÓgpvtfig"oketq0Qp"nÓwvknkug"nqtuswÓwp"ukipcn"guv"vtqr"hqtv."crtflu"nÓcxqkt"tfifwkv"cxge"wp"ICKP"cwokpkowo"*ecu"fgu"dq¶vgu"fg"fktgev"qw"oketqu"fg"itquug"eckuug"gv"eckuug"encktgÈ+Cvvgpvkqp"#"Uwt"egtvckpgu"eqpuqngu."eg"dqwvqp"ugtv"fiicngogpv"§"eqoowvgt"nÓgpvtfignkipg"# LOW CUT <EÓguv"wp"hknvtg"rcuug/jcwv"swk"eqwrg"ngu"htfiswgpegu"kphfitkgwtgu"§"uc"xcngwt"*97.":2"qw322"J¦"gp"ifipfitcn+0Uwt"egtvckpu"oqfflngu"rnwu"eqorngvu."qp"rgwv"ejqkuktegvvg"xcngwt"§"nÓckfg"fÓwp"rqvgpvkqoflvtg"tqvcvkh."gv"fcpu"eg"ecu."nc"rncig"uÓfivgpf"fg"42J¦"§"622"J¦0"Qp"wvknkug"eg"hknvtg"ejcswg"hqku"swg"ng"ukipcn"swg"nÓqp"fqkv"ecrvgt"pgeqpvkgpv"rcu"fg"htfiswgpegu"kphfitkgwtgu"§"uc"xcngwt0"Qp"fixkvg"ckpuk"fÓcornkhkgt"fgutfiuqpcpegu"rctcukvgu"="qp"tfifwkv"ngu"Å"rqr"Ç"fg"nc"xqkzÈ Ø PHASE /"kpxgtugwt"fg"rqnctkvfi"<Eg"eqoowvcvgwt"rgtogv"fg"tgpxgtugt"nc"rqnctkvfi"fwukipcn"rtfiugpv"§"uqp"gpvtfig"*ng"rqkpv"ejcwf"4"xc"uwt"ngrqkpv"htqkf"5+0"Qp"nÓwvknkug"nqtuswg"nÓqp"rnceg"rnwukgwtu"oketqrjqpgu"uwt"ng"o‒ogkpuvtwogpv"qw"uwt"wp"qtcvgwt"rct"gzgorngÈUk"nÓwp"fgu"fgwz"oketqrjqpgu"gpxqkg"wp"ukipcn"jqtu"rjcug"rct"tcrrqtv"§"nÓcwvtg"*§ecwug"f)wp"e¤dng"ocn"uqwffi."rct"gzgorng+."kn"crrctc¶v"wpg"rgtvg"vtflu"cwfkdng"rctcppwncvkqp"fg"egtvckpgu"htfiswgpegu"*rtkpekrcngogpv"ngu"itcxgu+0




48 VOLTS /"rjcpvqo"<NÓcevkqp"fg"eg"dqwvqp"gpxqkg"wp"eqwtcpv"fÓcnkogpvcvkqp"§"nÓcrrctgkn"swk"nwk"guveqppgevfi"*oketqrjqpgu"fingevtq/uvcvkswgu."dq¶vkgtu"fg"fktgev."rtfi/cornku"fgu"oketqu"§fingevtgv+0"Qp"nÓcrrgnng"uqwxgpv"cnkogpvcvkqp"hcpv»og"rcteg"swÓgnng"guv"dkgp"rtfiugpvgocku"qp"pg"nÓgpvgpf"rcu0"Qp"xfijkewng"ng"-"6:X"cw"vtcxgtu"fgu"e¤dngu"eqppgevfiu"gp"4gv"5"fg"nÓZNT"="gv"ng"/"6:X"uwt"nc"ocuug"30 EQ /"fiicnkucvkqp"<Gnng"ug"rtfiugpvg"ifipfitcngogpv"uqwu"nc"hqtog"fgdqwvqpu"tqvcvkhu"rgtogvvcpv"fÓcwiogpvgt"qw"tfifwktg"egtvckpgu"htfiswgpegu"qw"rncigufg"htfiswgpegu"gv"fÓwp"eqoowvcvgwt"rgtogvvcpv"fg"ogvvtg"gp"qw"jqtu"ugtxkeg"ncugevkqp"fÓfiicnkucvkqp0"Qp"rgwv"ckpuk"eqorctgt"cxge"qw"ucpu"eqttgevkqp0 AUX /"cwzknkcktgu"<Eqpuvkvwfiu"fg"rnwukgwtu"rqvgpvkqoflvtgu"tqvcvkhu.knu"rgtogvvgpv"fÓgpxq{gt"fgu"xcngwtu"fkhhfitgpvgu"fw"ukipcn"xgtu"fgu"uqtvkgu"cwzknkcktgu*ugeqpfcktgu+"chkp"fÓcnkogpvgt"ngu"cornkhkecvgwtu"fgu"gpegkpvgu"fg"tgvqwt"fg"ueflpg"qwfgu"ownvk/ghhgvu."rct"gzgorng0 PRE/POST *hcfgt+"<Eqoowvcvgwt"rgtogvvcpv"fg"nkgt"qw"pqp."nc"xcngwt"fw"*fgu+"cwzknkcktg*u+"cwrqvgpvkqoflvtg"rtkpekrcn"fg"nc"xqkg0"Ifipfitcngogpv"qp"rnceg"ngu"cwzknkcktgu"ugtxcpv"cwztgvqwtu"fg"ueflpg"gp"RTG/hcfgt"*chkp"swg"ngu"pkxgcwz"gpxq{fiu"§"ejcswg"owukekgp"pguqkgpv"rcu"chhgevfiu"rct"ng"okzcig"rtkpekrcn"fqppfi"rct"ng"HCFGT"rqwt"nc"uqpqtkucvkqpfg"nc"ucnng"rct"gzgorng0"Ngu"ownvk/ghhgvu"ugtqpv"cnkogpvfiu"rct"fgu"ffirctvu"cwzknkcktguPOST-fader0"NÓghhgv"*tfixgtdfitcvkqp."ffinckÈ+crrnkswfi"§"wp"kpuvtwogpv"qw"wpg"xqkz"fqkv"rtqrqtvkqppgnngogpv"xctkgt"nqtuswg"nÓqpejcpig"ng"pkxgcw"fg"nÓkpuvtwogpv"qw"fg"nc"xqkz"*ucwh"ghhgv"urfiekcn"#+0PD"<"uwt"ngu"eqpuqngu"fÓgpvtfig"fg"icoog."ngu"ffirctvu"cwzknkcktgu"uqpv"ifipfitcngogpvhkzgu*qw"oqfkhkcdngu"§"nÓkpvfitkgwt"fg"nc"eqpuqng+"<rct"gzgorng."CWZ"3.4.5.6"RTG"hcfgt"/"CWZ"7."8RQUV"hcfgt0 PAN <Rqukvkqppg"ng"ukipcn"fcpu"nÓgurceg"uqpqtguvfitfiqrjqpkswg0"Ng"rcpqtcokswg"chhgevg"ifipfitcngogpv"nc"uqtvkg"rtkpekrcng"OKZ"ckpukswg"ngu"ITQWRGU0"Ng"rcpqtcokswg"vqwtpfi"vqwv"§"icwejg"gpxgttc"ng"ukipcn"xgtu"nguuqtvkgu"N"Î"icwejg."itqwrgu"3."5."7."9È"="rncefi"vqwv"§"ftqkvg."uqtvkgu"T"Î"ftqkvg.itqwrgu"4."6."8.":È"Cw"egpvtg."vqwu"chhgevfiu."gv"vqwvgu"ngu"xcngwtu"gpvtg"egugzvtfiokvfiu"rgwxgpv"gzkuvgt0"Uwt"ngu"xqkgu"fÓgpvtfigu"uvfitfiq"fguvkpfigu"cwz"ngevgwtu"qwtgvqwtu"fÓghhgvu"uvfitfiq."eÓguv"DCN"swk"tgornceg"RCP"0"Nc"dcncpeg"rgtogv"fgtfifiswknkdtgt"ng"ukipcn"gpvtg"nc"Icwejg"gv"nc"Ftqkvg"fg"-"qw"Î"8"fD MUTE, ON, CUT ugnqp"ngu"oqfflngu"<Eqoowvcvgwt"fÓqwxgtvwtg"qw"hgtogvwtg"fg"nc"xqkg"gv"fgu"cwzknkcktgu"rquv/hcfgtrquufifcpv"ifipfitcngogpv"wp"vfioqkp"nwokpgwz0Uwt"egtvckpgu"eqpuqngu."qp"rgwv"vtqwxgt"fgu"ITQWR"OWVG"swk"rgtogvvgpv"fÓqwxtktqw"hgtogt"wp"egtvckp"pqodtg"fg"xqkgu"ukownvcpfiogpv0 PFL, CUEÈ"<PFL /"rtfi/hcfgt"nkuvgpkpi"Å"fieqwvgt"cxcpv"ng"hcfgt"Ç"<Eg"eqoowvcvgwt"rgtogv"fÓgpxq{gt"ng"ukipcn"fg"nc"xqkg"xgtu"nc"uqtvkgoqpkvqtkpi1ecuswg"ckpuk"swg"uwt"ng"dctitcrjg"fg"xkuwcnkucvkqp"fw"RHN"*ifipfitcngogpveÓguv"egnwk"fw"OKZ+0"Qp"rgwv"ckpuk"fieqwvgt"kuqnfiogpv"cw"ecuswg."cxcpv"fÓqwxtkt"nc




xqkg."gv"xfitkhkgt"nc"rtfiugpeg"qw"ng"dqp"hqpevkqppgogpv"fg"vgn"qw"vgn"oketq0 AFL <chvgt/hcfgt"nkuvgpkpi"*fieqwvgt"crtflu"ng"hcfgt+Rgtogv"fÓfieqwvgt"cw"ecuswg"qw"fg"xkuwcnkugtng"pkxgcw"ghhgevkh"fÓwp"ffirctv"qw"fÓwpg"uqwteg0 MIX, L/R <Eg"eqoowvcvgwt"gpxqkg"ng"ukipcn"fg"nc"xqkg"fÓgpvtfig"cwz"uqtvkgu"rtkpekrcngu"crrgnfiguNGHV"1"TKIJV."OKZ."UVGTGQ"ugnqp"ngu"hcdtkecpvu0"3"Î"4."UWD"3"Î"4"<Gpxqkg"ng"ukipcn"cwz"uqtvkgu"itqwrgu"3"Î"4."5"Î"6."7"Î"8."9"Î":È PK, SENS, BARAGRAPHE <Ejcswg"oqfflng"fg"eqpuqng"hqwtpktc"wp"egtvckp"pqodtg"*xqkt"rcu"fw"vqwv+"fg"NGFu*rgvkvu"vfioqkpu"nwokpgwz+"fqppcpv"fgu"kpfkecvkqpu"rtfiekgwugu"uwt"ng"pkxgcw"fingevtkswgrtfiugpv"fcpu"nc"xqkg"<"rgcm"fg"ucvwtcvkqp."rtfiugpeg"fÓwp"ukipcn."pkxgcw"fw"ukipcn"uwtrnwukgwtu"eqwngwtuÈ0 FADER <Rqvgpvkqoflvtg"tgevknkipg"uwt"nc"eqpuqng0Eg"rqvgpvkqoflvtg"tfling"ng"xqnwog"fg"nc"vtcpejg"gv"fgu"uqtvkgu"cwzknkcktgu"rquv"*crtflu+hcfgt0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"jcwvu/rctngwtu"gv"gpegkpvgu"@"Ngu"jcwv/rctngwtu

Les haut-parleurs

Wp"jcwv/rctngwt"guv"wp"vtcpufwevgwt"vtcpuhqtocpv"nÓfipgtikg"fingevtkswg"gp"fipgtikgceqwuvkswg0Kn"guv"eqorqufi"fÓwp"oqvgwt"cuuwtcpv"nc"vtcpuhqtocvkqp"fingevtkswg"1"ofiecpkswg"gvfÓwpg"ogodtcpg"vtcpuhqtocpv"nÓfipgtikg"ofiecpkswg"gp"fipgtikg"ceqwuvkswg0"Ngu"JRhqpevkqppgpv"§"nÓgpxgtu"fÓwp"oketqrjqpg"f{pcokswg"<"eÓguv"nÓcornkhkecvgwt"swk"gpxqkgwp"eqwtcpv"cnvgtpcvkh"§"nc"dqdkpg"swk"guv"kpufitfig"fcpu"wp"ckocpv0"Egek"nc"hckv"ugffirncegt"fÓcxcpv"gp"cttkfltg"§"wpg"xkvguug"ffivgtokpfig"rct"nc"htfiswgpeg"§"tgrtqfwktg0

Kn"gzkuvg"rnwukgwtu"v{rgu"fg"jcwv/rctngwtu"cfcrvfiu"§"nc"rncig"fg"htfiswgpegu"swÓknufqkxgpv"tgrtqfwktg"<

ngu boomers ou woofer §"itcpf"fkcoflvtg*"34"ÒÓ/"52"eo."37ÓÓ/"5:"eo."3:ÓÓ/"68"eo"+rqwt"nc"tguvk/vwvkqp"fgu"htfiswgpegu"dcuugu0"Eg"JR"pg"rgwv"rcu"tgrtqfwktg"nguhtfiswgpegu"ckiw†u"="nc"ogodtcpg"guv"vtqr"tkikfg"rqwt"xkdtgt"tcrkfgogpv0

ngu médiums fg"fkcoflvtg"rnwu"rgvkv."urfiekcnkufiu"fcpu"nc"tgrtqfwevkqp"fguhtfiswgpegu"ofifkwou"*:"§"42"eo+0




ngu tweeter ou moteurs d’aigus ejctifiu"fg"nc"tgrtqfwevkqp"fgu"ckiwu0"Ncogodtcpg"fqkv"‒vtg"nfiifltg"gv"hkpg"rqwt"rqwxqkt"xkdtgt"tcrkfgogpv"*6222"§"42222"J¦+0

Ectcevfitkuvkswgu"vgejpkswgu"fw"jcwv/rctngwt

Qp"ngu"vtqwxg"uwt"nc"hkejg"vgejpkswg"hqwtpkg"rct"ng"eqpuvtwevgwt"<




Bande passante <Rncig"fg"htfiswgpegu"swÓkn"guv"ecrcdng"fg"tguvkvwgt"cxge"wpg"egtvckpg"vqnfitcpeg"*gpifipfitcn"-"qw"/"5fD+"Gzgorng"<"72"J¦"§"38"mJ¦"5"fD

Puissance admissible <Gnng"uÓgzrtkog"gp"Ycvvu0"Gp"rtkpekrg."nc"hkejg"fg"ectcevfitkuvkswgu"fw"jcwv/rctngwtfkuvkpiwg"ngu"Ycvvu"TOU"Î"rwkuucpeg"uwrrqtvfig"§"nqpi"vgtog"gv"Ycvvu"RGCM"Îrwkuucpeg"kpuvcpvcpfig"uwt"wpg"vtflu"eqwtvg"rfitkqfg0"Cw/fgn§"fg"egvvg"rwkuucpegcfokuukdng."ng"jcwv/rctngwt"ug"ffivtwktc0

Rendement <Hcewnvfi"fg"vtcpuhqtogt"nc"rwkuucpeg"fingevtkswg"gp"rtguukqp"ceqwuvkswg"*kn"ffirgpffgu"eqorqucpvu"wvknkufiu"gv"fg"uc"vgejpkswg"fg"hcdtkecvkqp+0"Wpg"gpegkpvg"cxge"wptgpfgogpv"korqtvcpv"ffinkxtgtc"fcxcpvcig"fg"rtguukqp"ceqwuvkswg"§"rwkuucpeg"fiicngswÓwpg"gpegkpvg"§"hckdng"tgpfgogpv+0"Ng"tgpfgogpv"uÓgzrtkog"gp"fD"urn"*fDceqwuvkswgu+"rqwt"3"ycvv"oguwtfi"§"3"oflvtg0

Gzgorng"<";:fD13Y13o

Tcrrgn"<"3"JR"rqwxcpv"ffinkxtgt"352"fD"fiswkxcwv"§"4"JR"fg"349"fD0Qp"rgwv"fqpe"fkokpwgt"ng"pqodtg"fg"JR"§"kpuvcnngt"rqwt"wpg"o‒og"rwkuucpegceqwuvkswg"gp"wvknkucpv"fgu"JR"§"ogknngwt"tgpfgogpv0"Ickp"fg"vgoru"§"nÓkpuvcnncvkqp.fg"rnceg."fg"eqvÈ

Couverture angulaire <Eqoogpv"ng"JR"fkhhwug"fcpu"ng"rncp"jqtk¦qpvcn"gv"xgtvkecn"rct"tcrrqtv"§"uqp"czg"AGzgorng"<"82J"1"62"X0"Egu"fqppfigu"uqpv"uwtvqwv"xcncdngu"rqwt"ng"ofifkwo"gv"nÓckiw"=ngu"htfiswgpegu"dcuugu"fivcpv"swcuk"qopkfktgevkqppgnngu0"Ng"ejqkz"fÓwp"JR"rqwt"ncuqpqtkucvkqp"fÓwp"nkgw"ffirgpftc."rqwt"wpg"itcpfg"rctvkg."fg"uc"eqwxgtvwtg"cpiwncktg0

Impédance <EÓguv"nc"tfiukuvcpeg"fg"nc"dqdkpg"fw"JR"cffkvkqppfig"§"nÓkorfifcpeg"fwg"cwzoqwxgogpvu"fg"nc"dqdkpg"fcpu"wp"ejcor"ocipfivkswg"rgtocpgpv0"Gnng"uÓgzrtkog"gpqjou"*っ+0"Qp"gp"vkgpftc"eqorvg"nqtuswg"nÓqp"tceeqtfgtc"ng"qw"ngu"JR"§"nÓcornk0NÓkorfifcpeg"jcdkvwgnng"fgu"JR"guv"fg"6.":"qw"38"っ0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Gp"rtcvkswg"@"Kpuvcnncvkqp"fgu"gpegkpvgu

Installation des enceintes

Comment et où installer des enceintes ?

Rappel de quelques notions <

Ejcswg"hqku"swg"nÓqp"fqwdng"nc"fkuvcpeg"gpvtg"wpg"uqwteg"*JR+"gv"wp"cwfkvgwt."qprgtf"8"fD"*wp"rgw"oqkpu"nqtuswÓqp"ug"vtqwxg"gp"kpvfitkgwt+0NÓkpvgnnkikdknkvfi"guv"fqppfig"rct"ngu"htfiswgpegu"ckiw†u0Ngu"ckiwu"uÓcvvfipwgpv"rnwu"tcrkfgogpv"swg"ngu"dcuugu0Ngu"dcuugu"tc{qppgpv"fg"ocpkfltg"qopkfktgevkqppgnng0Ngu"gpegkpvgu"fkhhwugpv"ng"uqp"*uwtvqwv"ng"ofifkwo"1"ckiw"swk"pqwu"kpvfitguug"rqwt"wpgdqppg"kpvgnnkikdknkvfi+"ugnqp"wpg"egtvckpg"eqwxgtvwtg"cpiwncktg"jqtk¦qpvcng"gv"xgtvkecng0

Exemple d’installation <Ng"rwdnke"guv"kpuvcnnfi"uwt"ng"rctvgttg"gv"ngu"gpegkpvgu"*eqwxgtvwtg";2J"z"62X+"uqpvrqufigu"uwt"ueflpg0"Qp"eqpuvcvg"swg"ng"rwdnke"fgu"rtgokgtu"tcpiu"tg›qkv"dgcweqwrrnwu"fg"rtguukqp"ceqwuvkswg"swg"ngu"fgtpkgtu0"Nc"eqwxgtvwtg"pÓguv"rcu"jqoqiflpg0NÓfipgtikg"cw/fguuwu"fg"nÓczg"guv"rgtfwg0"Ngu"vqwv"rtgokgtu"tcpiu"pg"uqpv"rcueqwxgtvu"rct"ngu"ckiwu0

Uk"qp"uwurgpf"nÓgpegkpvg."qp"fkokpwg"nc"fkhhfitgpeg"fg"fkuvcpeg"gpvtg"ngu"rtgokfltgu"gvngu"fgtpkfltgu"rgtuqppgu"eqwxgtvgu"rct"nÓgpegkpvg0"Nc"eqwxgtvwtg"guv"rnwu"tfiiwnkfltg0NÓfipgtikg"uwrfitkgwtg"§"nÓczg"guv"wvkng0"Ngu"vqwv"rtgokgtu"tcpiu"pg"uqpv"vqwlqwtu"rcueqwxgtvu0"Kn"hcwv"kpuvcnngt"fgu"rgvkvgu"gpegkpvgu"uwrrnfiogpvcktgu"rqwt"eqodngt"eg"vtqwfcpu"nc"eqwxgtvwtg0Gzgorng"f)"wvknkucvkqp"<




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"N)cornkhkecvgwt"@"Ectcevfitkuvkswgu"vgejpkswgu"fgn)cornkhkecvgwt

Caractéristiques techniques de l'amplificateur

Puissance

Gzrtkofig"gp"ycvvu"TOU."gnng"kpfkswg"nc"rwkuucpeg"swÓkn"rgwv"ffinkxtgt"§"nqpi"vgtog.ucpu"nkokvcvkqp"fg"fwtfig0"Gzrtkofig"gp"ycvv"rgcm"qw"et‒vg."eÓguv"nc"rwkuucpegkpuvcpvcpfig."ffinkxtcdng"uwt"wpg"eqwtvg"fwtfig0"Nc"rwkuucpeg"guv"gzrtkofig"uqwu"wpgegtvckpg"ejctig"<":."6"xqktg"4"qjou0Rct"gzgorng"<522"Ycvvu"TOU"gv"822"Ycvvu"rgcm"uqwu":"qjou7:2"Ycvvu"TOU"gv"3372"Ycvvu"rgcm"uqwu"6"qjou

Impédance

EÓguv"nc"Å"tfiukuvcpeg"Ç"okpkocng"uqwu"ncswgnng"kn"rgwv"hqpevkqppgt0

Classe : A, AB, B, D, H

EÓguv"nc"ectcevfitkuvkswg"swk"kpfkswg"ng"oqfg"fg"hqpevkqppgogpv"fg"nÓcornkhkecvgwt0Gp"uqpqtkucvkqp."qp"wvknkug"ifipfitcngogpv"fgu"cornku"fg"encuug"D"qw"CD"swkrtfiugpvgpv"fg"vtflu"dqppgu"rgthqtocpegu0"NÓcwfkqrjkng"rtfihfltgtc"nÓcornk"§"encuug"Cswk"tgrtqfwkv"ng"uqp"fg"ocpkfltg"vtflu"hkfflng."cxge"vtflu"rgw"fg"fkuvqtukqp"="ocku"eg"v{rgfg"oqpvcig"fingevtqpkswg"guv"rgw"rwkuucpv"gv"ffiicig"wpg"ejcngwt"korqtvcpvg0"Nguencuugu"F"gv"J"uqpv"wvknkufigu"rqwt"ngu"vtflu"itquugu"rwkuucpegu0

Alimentation

Kn"gzkuvg"fgwz"v{rgu"fÓcnkogpvcvkqp"rqwt"ngu"cornkhkecvgwtu"<

NÓcnkogpvcvkqp"rct"vtcpuhqtocvgwt"<"ng"rqkfu"fg"nÓcnkogpvcvkqp"guv"korqtvcpv"ect"knpfieguukvg"wp"itqu"vtcpuhqtocvgwt"gv"wp"u{uvflog"fg"tfiiwncvkqp"*uwtvqwv"rqwt"fg"hqtvgurwkuucpegu+0NÓcnkogpvcvkqp"§"ffieqwrcig"<"eÓguv"nÓcnkogpvcvkqp"ugevgwt"swg"nÓqp"vtcpuhqtogkpuvcpvcpfiogpv"gp"vgpukqp"fg"hqpevkqppgogpv"fg"nÓcornkhkecvgwt0"Eg"u{uvflogrquuflfg"rgw"fg"tfiugtxg"fÓfipgtikg"gv"eÓguv"nc"swcnkvfi"fg"nc"uqwteg"fg"eqwtcpv"swkfqppgtc"ng"f{pcokuog"§"nÓcornk0NB <Nc"rwkuucpeg"fg"nÓcornk"fqwdng"swcukogpv"nqtuswg"nÓqp"fkokpwg"uqp"korfifcpeg"fg"ejctig0Nc"rwkuucpeg"oczkocng"fÓwp"cornkhkecvgwt"guv"fqppfig"rqwt"wpg"egtvckpg"vgpukqp"§"uqpgpvtfig0Gzgorng"<"2.997"xqnv"="3.6"xqnv0




Cvvgpvkqp"cw"dtcpejgogpv"fg"rnwukgwtu"cornkhkecvgwtu"fg"hqtvg"rwkuucpeg"uwt"wpg"ukorngrtkug"38"Corfltgu0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Fquukgtu"vgejpkswgu"@"Hknvtgu"gv"eqttgevgwtu

Filtres et correcteurs

Les filtres

Ng"hknvtg"guv"wp"cornkhkecvgwt"urfiekhkswg"swk"cikv"uwt"ngu"htfiswgpegu0Kn"ugtv"§"uwrrtkogt"egtvckpgu"rncigu"fg"htfiswgpegu0"Qp"nÓwvknkug"rqwt"fkxkugt"nc"oqfwncvkqpgp"rnwukgwtu"dcpfgu"fg"htfiswgpegu"*ecu"fÓwpg"cornkhkecvkqp"cevkxg"§"5"qw"6"dcpfgu+"qwrqwt"pg"nckuugt"rcuugt."gv"eg"fÓwpg"hc›qp"rnwu"ghhkeceg"swÓcxge"wp"fiicnkugwt."swg"egtvckpgurncigu"fg"htfiswgpegu0

Qp"fkuvkpiwg"6"v{rgu"fg"hknvtgu"<

ng"hknvtg"rcuug/dcu"*jk"ewv+"pg"nckuug"rcuugt"swg"ngu"htfiswgpegu"dcuugu"*uejfioc"C+ng"hknvtg"rcuug/jcwv"*nqy"ewv+"pg"nckuug"rcuugt"swg"ngu"htfiswgpegu"ckiw†u"*uejfioc"D+ng"hknvtg"rcuug/dcpfg"pg"nckuug"rcuugt"swg"ngu"htfiswgpegu"eqortkugu"gpvtg"4"nkokvgu*uejfioc"E+ng"hknvtg"eqwrg/dcpfg"*dcpf"tglgev+"nckuug"rcuugt"vqwvgu"ngu"htfiswgpegu"§"nÓgzegrvkqp"fgegnngu"ukvwfigu"cwvqwt"fÓwpg"egtvckpg"htfiswgpeg"*uejfioc"F+

Nc1ngu"htfiswgpeg*u+"fÓcevkqp"gv"nc"nctigwt"fg"dcpfg"*dcpfykvj+"fgu"hknvtgu"uqpv"hkzgu"qwufingevkqppcdngu"ugnqp"ngu"oqfflngu0

C"< filtre passe-bas E"< filtre passe-bande

D"< filtre passe-haut F"< filtre coupe-bande




Les correcteurs ou égalisateurs

Qp"ngu"wvknkug"rqwt"cofinkqtgt"qw"vtcpuhqtogt"nc"eqwngwt"uqpqtg"fÓwp"kpuvtwogpv"kuqnfi"qwfÓwp"okzcig"eqorngv."ocku"cwuuk"rqwt"eqttkigt"ngu"ffihcwvu"fÓwpg"ucnng."tfifwktg"ngunctugpu000

L’égaliseur à plateau HI SHELF ou LOW SHELF

Qp"nÓwvknkug"uqwxgpv"rqwt"ngu"gzvtfiokvfiu"fw"urgevtg"*ckiwu"gv"itcxgu+0Kn"pÓcikv"swg"uwt"ngu"htfiswgpegu"gzvt‒ogu"fg"nc"dcpfg"cwfkq0"Qp"cvvfipwg"qw"cwiogpvgvqwvgu"ngu"htfiswgpegu"uwrfitkgwtgu"qw"kphfitkgwtgu"§"uc"xcngwt"ugnqp"swÓqp"ug"vtqwxg"gprtfiugpeg"fÓwp"eqttgevgwt"fg"itcxgu"qw"fÓckiwu0"Kn"pÓ{"c"swÓwp"rqvgpvkqoflvtg"fg"ickp"="nchtfiswgpeg"oqfkhkfig"guv"hkzfig"nqtu"fg"uc"hcdtkecvkqp0"Uwt"egtvckpu"oqfflngu"fg"vcdngu"fgokzcig."qp"rgwv"vtqwxgt"wp"rqvgpvkqoflvtg"rgtogvvcpv"fg"ejqkukt"nc"htfiswgpeg"fÓcevkqp"fweqttgevgwt0

L’égaliseur paramétrique :

*qp"rgwv"kpvgtxgpkt"uwt"vqwu"ngu"rctcoflvtgu+"EÓguv"ng"rnwu"eqorngv0"Kn"ug"eqorqug"<

fÓwp"rqvgpvkqoflvtg"fg"ickp"qw"tfifwevkqp"*-1/"34fD+0




fÓwp"rqvgpvkqoflvtg"rqwt"ejqkukt"nc"htfiswgpeg"egpvtcngfÓwp"rqvgpvkqoflvtg"swk"tfling"nc"nctigwt"fÓcevkqp"fw"hknvtgcwvqwt"fg"nc"htfiswgpeg"egpvtcng"*fg"2.3"§"4"qevcxgu+

crrgnfig"fiicngogpv"Å"S"Ç0

NqtuswÓkn"ocpswg"ng"rqvgpvkqoflvtg"fg"nctigwt"fÓcevkqp.ng"eqpuvtwevgwt"c"hkzfi"wpg"xcngwt"fÓcevkqp"fw"hknvtg"*2.7

qevcxg"rct"gzgorng"rqwt"wp"hknvtg"cuug¦"ugttfi+0"Qp"nÓcrrgnngcnqtu"fiicnkugwt"ugok/rctcofivtkswg

Vtwe"fw"lqwt"<"rqwt"vtqwxgt"nc"htfiswgpeg"§"tfifwktg"uwt"wp"uqp"rct"gzgorng."qp"cwiogpvg"ngickp"fw"hknvtg"rwku"qp"ffirnceg"nc"htfiswgpeg"cxge"ng"rqvgpvkqoflvtg"ffifkfi"lwuswÓ§"gpvgpftggzcifitfiogpv"egvvg"htfiswgpeg0"Kn"uwhhkv"cnqtu"fg"tfifwktg"ng"ickp"="pqwu"cikuuqpu"cnqtu"uwt"nchtfiswgpeg"gzcevg"swk"qeecukqppckv"nc"iflpg0"Rqwt"nÓqtgknng."kn"guv"rnwu"ckufi"fg"vtqwxgt"nchtfiswgpeg"i‒pcpvg"gp"nÓcwiogpvcpv0

Uwt"ngu"eqpuqngu"oknkgw"fg"icoog."qp"vtqwxg"ifipfitcngogpv"wp"fiicnkugwt"§"rncvgcw"rqwtngu"gzvtfiokvfiu"fw"urgevtg"*itcxgu"gv"ckiwu+"ckpuk"swg"4"fiicnkugwtu"ugok/rctcofivtkswgurqwt"ng"dcu/ofifkwo"gv"ng"ofifkwo/ckiw0Uwt"ngu"eqpuqngu"jcwv"fg"icoog."qp"fkurqug"fg"6"eqttgevgwtu"rctcofivtkswgu"dcnc{cpvnÓgpugodng"fw"urgevtg"cxge"tgeqwxtgogpv"fgu"htfiswgpegu"fÓcevkqp"<"qp"rgwv"rct"gzgorng.cwiogpvgt"§"422"jgtv¦"cxge"wp"eqttgevgwt"gv"eqwrgt"§"472"jgtv¦"cxge"wp"cwvtg"eqttgevgwtrctcofivtkswg0

L’égaliseur graphique <*tgrtfiugpvcvkqp"gp"hqtog"fg"itcrjkswg"fg"ugu"ewtugwtu+0

Nc"dcpfg"cwfkq"guv"fkxkufig"gp"wp"egtvckp"pqodtg"fg"dcpfgu"fg"htfiswgpegu0




Ng"rnwu"ukorng"guv"nÓfiicnkugwt"§"4"qw"5"dcpfgu"*itcxg."ofifkwo."ckiw+"swg"nÓqp"vtqwxg"uwtpqu"ejc¶pgu"jkhk"fqoguvkswgu"qw"pqu"cornku"rqwt"kpuvtwogpvu0Rwku."qp"vtqwxg"egtvckpu"crrctgknu"fiswkrfiu"fÓwp"fiicnkugwt"§"8.":"qw"37"dcpfgu0Ngu"fiicnkugwtu"wvknkufiu"uwt"ueflpg"qw"gp"uvwfkq"fqkxgpv"rgtogvvtg"fgu"tfiincigu"vtflu"rtfiekugv"rtqrqugpv"53"dcpfgu"fg"htfiswgpegu"pqtocnkufigu"<42"J¦"/"47"/"53"/"62"/"72"/"85"/":2"/"322"/"347"/"382"/"422"/"472"/"537"/"622"/"722"/"852"/:22"J¦"/"3"mJ¦"/"3.4"/"3.8"/"4"/"4.7"/"5.37"/"6"/"7"/"8.5"/":"/"32"/"34.7"/"38"/"42"mJ¦0Qp"c"fkxkufi"ngu"32"qevcxgu"tgrtfiugpvcpv"ngu"htfiswgpegu"cwfkdngu"rct"nÓjqoog"gp"315fÓqevcxg0"Ejcswg"ewtugwt"vtcxcknng"uwt"5"pqvgu

Utilisations de l’égaliseur graphique <NÓfiicnkugwt"itcrjkswg"rgtogv"<

fÓfinkokpgt"fgu"tfiuqpcpegu"fwgu"§"nÓceqwuvkswg"fg"nc"ucnng0"Qp"tfifwkv"xqnqpvcktgogpvnÓcornkhkecvkqp"fgu"htfiswgpegu"i‒pcpvgu"gv"fg"eg"hckv"nc"tficevkqp"ceqwuvkswg"fg"nc"ucnng0fÓcofinkqtgt"nfiifltgogpv"nc"eqwtdg"fg"tfirqpug"fgu"gpegkpvgu0fg"vtckvgt"fktgevgogpv"rct"wpg"fiicnkucvkqp"nÓgpugodng"fÓwp"okzcig"owukecn0fg"tfifwktg"ng"nctugp"gv"fÓfinkokpgt"ngu"htfiswgpegu"ugpukdngu0Ifipfitcngogpv."qp"ng"rnceg"fcpu"nc"ejc¶pg"fingevtqceqwuvkswg"gpvtg"wpg"uqtvkg"fg"nceqpuqng"fg"okzcig"gv"nÓcornkhkecvgwt0"Qp"wvknkug"wp"fiicnkugwt"rqwt"vtckvgt"ngu"gpegkpvgu"fgfkhhwukqp"rwdnke"ocku"cwuuk"rqwt"eqttkigt"ngu"tgvqwtu"fg"ueflpg"gv"hcktg"tgewngt"ngu"tkuswgufÓceetqejcigu"ceqwuvkswgu"fwu"§"nc"rtqzkokvfi"fgu"oketqu"rct"tcrrqtv"cwz"jcwv/rctngwtu."gv§"ngwt"hqtv"xqnwog"fÓcornkhkecvkqp"fgocpffi"rct"ngu"owukekgpu0

Nqtuswg"nÓqp"wvknkug"wpg"eqpuqng"urfiekhkswg"swk"ifltg"ngu"tgvqwtu"fg"ueflpg."ngu"fiicnkugwtuitcrjkswgu"uqpv"kpufitfiu"cw"pkxgcw"fg"nc"eqpuqng."cxcpv"ngu"ifipfitcwz"fg"uqtvkgu"it¤eg"cwrqkpv"fÓkpugtv."fg"ocpkfltg"§"eg"swg"ng"vgejpkekgp"rwkuug"gpvgpftg"/"gp"CHN"fcpu"uqp"tgvqwtfg"ueflpg"fÓfieqwvg"rgtuqppgnng"/"ngu"eqttgevkqpu"crrqtvfigu"§"ejcswg"gpegkpvgeqttgurqpfcpv"§"vgn"qw"vgn"owukekgp0"Kn"rqwttc"okgwz"lwigt"fw"okzcig"gv"fw"vkodtg"swÓkn"ngwtcftguug0

Vtwe"fw"lqwt"<rqwt"vtqwxgt"nc"htfiswgpeg"§"tfifwktg"uwt"wp"uqp"rct"gzgorng."qp"cwiogpvg"ng"ickp"fw"hknvtgrwku"qp"ffirnceg"nc"htfiswgpeg"cxge"ng"rqvgpvkqoflvtg"ffifkfi"lwuswÓ§"gpvgpftg"gzcifitfiogpvegvvg"htfiswgpeg0"Kn"uwhhkv"cnqtu"fg"tfifwktg"ng"ickp"="pqwu"cikuuqpu"cnqtu"uwt"nc"htfiswgpeggzcevg"swk"qeecukqppckv"nc"iflpg0"Rqwt"nÓqtgknng."kn"guv"rnwu"ckufi"fg"vtqwxgt"nc"htfiswgpegi‒pcpvg"gp"nÓcwiogpvcpv0kn"guv"kpfkurgpucdng"fg"eqttkigt"nc"eqwtdg"fg"tfirqpug"fÓwp"u{uvflog"uqpq1ucnng"gp"tfifwkucpvngu"htfiswgpegu"itcxgu"gv"dcu/ofifkwou"gzkuvcpvgu"gp"gzeflu"gv"cornkhkfigu"rct"nÓceqwuvkswgfg"nc"ucnng"*eg"swk"rtqxqswg"wp"ghhgv"fg"ocuswg+."rnwv»v"swg"fg"xqwnqkt"u{uvfiocvkswgogpvcwiogpvgt"ngu"htfiswgpegu"ckiw†u0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"E¤dncig"gv"eqppgevgwtu"@"Ngu"fkhhfitgpvu"pkxgcwz"fingevtkswgu

Les différents niveaux électriques

Fcpu"nc"ejc¶pg"fingevtq"ceqwuvkswg"kn"gzkuvg"fgu"ukipcwz"fg"vqwvgu"cornkvwfgu"<

Les petits niveaux électriques de l’audio :

Ng"oketqrjqpg."rtgokgt"finfiogpv"fg"nc"ejc¶pg."rtqfwkv"wp"vqwv"rgvkv"ukipcn"fingevtkswgswk"fqkv"‒vtg"xfijkewnfi"fcpu"ngu"ogknngwtgu"eqpfkvkqpu"lwuswÓ§"pqvtg"eqpuqng"fg"okzcigrct"wp"e¤dng"swk"rgwv"cvvgkpftg"322"o"uwt"egtvckpgu"kpuvcnncvkqpu."xqktg"fcxcpvcig0

Fgu"rctcukvgu"fg"vqwvgu"uqtvgu"*rctcukvgu"fingevtkswgu."tcfkq"htfiswgpeguÈ+"uqpvrtfiugpvu"fcpu"nÓcvoqurjfltg"gv"pqvtg"hckdng"ukipcn"fqkv"gp"‒vtg"rtqvfiifi0Rqwt"eg"hcktg"pqwu"wvknkugtqpu"wpg"nkckuqp"u{ofivtkswg"tficnkufig"rct"wp"e¤dng"dnkpffi"§"4hknu"eqpuvkvwfi"fg"fgwz"eqpfwevgwtu"vqvcngogpv"kfgpvkswgu"*fqpe"u{ofivtkswgu+."kuqnfiugv"vqtucffiu."gv"fÓwp"dnkpfcig"*pcrrg"fg"hknu"vqtucffiu"qw"vtguufiu."hgwknng"fÓcnwokpkwo.ickpg"gp"ocvkfltg"rncuvkswg+0

Ejcewp"ugtc"wvknkufi"rqwt"hcktg"rcuugt"ng"ukipcn"<"nÓwp"rqwt"nÓcnngt"*-+."nÓcwvtg"rqwt"ngtgvqwt"*/+0"Ng"dnkpfcig"lqwg"wp"t»ng"rtqvgevgwt"gp"eqpuvkvwcpv"wp"fietcp"swk"gor‒ejgngu"rctcukvgu"fg"uÓcffkvkqppgt"cw"ukipcn0"Kn"guv"eqppgevfi"§"nc"ocuug"fg"nc"eqpuqng"*3+0Ocku"uk"fgu"rctcukvgu"crrctckuugpv"ocnitfi"vqwv"uwt"pqvtg"e¤dng."knu"uqpv"rcthckvgogpvkfgpvkswgu"rwkuswg"pqvtg"e¤dng"guv"u{ofivtkswg"*ngu"fgwz"e¤dngu"tgegxcpv"ngu"o‒ogurctcukvgu+0

Eqoog"ng"ektewkv"fÓgpvtfig"fg"nc"eqpuqng"ecnewng"nc"fkhhfitgpeg."ngu"fgwz"ukipcwz"U"fgpqvtg"oketq"uÓcffkvkqppgpv"*"U"-"oqkpu"U"a"?"4"U"+"gv"ngu"rctcukvgu"R"kfgpvkswguuÓcppwngpv"*"R"-"oqkpu"R"-"?"2"+0

Qp"wvknkug"wp"eqppgevgwt"fg"v{rg"ZNT"hgognng"rqwt"tgegxqkt"nc"oqfwncvkqp"oketq"gvwp"eqppgevgwt"fg"v{rg"ZNT"o¤ng"rqwt"gpvtgt"nc"oqfwncvkqp"fcpu"nc"vcdng0




Schéma de câblage d'un câble XLR symétrique blindé

Les niveaux électriques moyens :

Eg"uqpv"ngu"ukipcwz"rtfi/cornkhkfiu"fg"nc"eqpuqng"fg"okzcig."egwz"fgu"ngevgwtu"v{rgEF."M9."Okpk"fkue."Ocipfivqrjqpg."fgu"kpuvtwogpvu"fg"owukswg"fingevtkswguÈ

uwt"fg"nqpiwgu"gv"oq{gppgu"fkuvcpegu."nc"nkckuqp"fgxtc"‒vtg"u{ofivtkswg"dnkpffig"*4eqpfwevgwtu"kfgpvkswgu"-"dnkpfcig+0Qp"rgwv"wvknkugt"vqwv"v{rg"fg"eqppgevgwtu"§"vtqku"eqpvcevu"<"ZNT."lcem"uvfitfiqÈ

Attention <"uk"ng"ukipcn"swg"nÓqp"fqkv"xfijkewngt"*u{pvjfivkugwt."iwkvctg."ngevgwt"EFÈ+guv"cu{ofivtkswg"*uqtvkgu"ekpej."lcem"oqpq."qw"o‒og"ZNT+."kn"hcwv"u{ofivtkugt"ncnkckuqp"§"nÓckfg"fÓwpg"dqkvg"fg"fktgevg"cevkxg"qw"rcuukxg0

uwt"fg"eqwtvgu"fkuvcpegu."swgnswgu"oflvtgu"cw"oczkowo."nc"nkckuqp"rgwv"‒vtgcu{ofivtkswg0Qp"wvknkug"cnqtu"wp"e¤dng"eqczkcn"§"3"eqpfwevgwt"*tgnkfi"cw"rqkpv"ejcwf+"gvwp"dnkpfcig"swk"xfijkewngtc"ng"rqkpv"htqkf"fw"ukipcn0"Ifipfitcngogpv."ng"eqppgevgwt"§fgwz"eqpvcevu"fg"nc"nkckuqp"cu{ofivtkswg"guv"ng"lcem"oqpq"qw"nc"hkejg"ekpej"*qw"TEC+0




Les liaisons asymétriques uqpv"tgncvkxgogpv"ugpukdngu"cwz"ejcorufingevtqocipfivkswgu0"Ugu"fgwz"eqpfwevgwtu"pg"uqpv"rcu"kfgpvkswgu"<"nÓwp"guv"wp"e¤dngcuug¦"hkp"§"hknu"vqtucffiu"="nÓcwvtg"wpg"ickpg"vtguufig"qw"wpg"hgwknng"fÓcnwokpkwo"gv"wp"hknffipwffi"swk"cuuwtg"nc"eqpvkpwkvfi0

Un champ électromagnétique parasite rgwv"crrctc¶vtg"uwt"ng"vtclgv"fw"e¤dng0"Ncvgpukqp"rctcukvg"rtqfwkvg"pÓguv"rcu"nc"o‒og"uwt"ejcewp"fgu"eqpfwevgwtu"fw"hckv"fg"ncfkhhfitgpeg"fg"ifiqofivtkg"fw"dnkpfcig"gv"fg"nÓ¤og0"Rnwu"ng"e¤dng"ugtc"nqpi."rnwukorqtvcpvg"ugtc"nc"vgpukqp"rctcukvg0Qp"rgwv"cofinkqtgt"nc"nkckuqp"cu{ofivtkswg"gp"wvknkucpv"wp câble symétrique blindé qnÓqp"eqppgevgtc"ngu"fgwz"hknu"cw"-"gv"Î"fw"ukipcn0"Nc"ocuug"ugtc"eqppgevfig"cw"rqkpvhtqkf"ocku"ugwngogpv"§"nÓwpg"fg"ugu"gzvtfiokvfiu0"Cwewp"eqwtcpv"pg"ektewng"fcpu"ngdnkpfcig"swk"lqwg"vqwv"fg"o‒og"uqp"t»ng"fÓfietcp0




Les niveaux électriques importants :

Eg"uqpv"egwz"swg"nÓqp"vtqwxg"crtflu"nÓcornkhkecvgwt"rqwt"cnkogpvgt"ngu"gpegkpvguceqwuvkswgu0"Kek."rnwu"fg"rtqdnflog"fg"rtqvgevkqp"eqpvtg"ngu"rctcukvgu."pqvtg"ukipcn"guvrwkuucpv0Rct"eqpvtg."kn"hcwv"nkokvgt"cw"oczkowo"nc"rgtvg"fg"rwkuucpeg"fcpu"ng"e¤dng"swk"fgxtc‒vtg"fg"hqtvg"ugevkqp"gv"ng"rnwu"eqwtv"rquukdng0Qp"xgknngtc"§"crrtqejgt"ngu"tcemu"fÓcornku"fgu"jcwvu"rctngwtu"rqwt"tfifwktg"ncnqpiwgwt"fg"e¤dng"cnkogpvcpv"ngu"JR0Qp"wvknkug"rnwukgwtu"v{rgu"fg"eqppgevgwtu"ugnqp"ng"v{rg"fÓgpegkpvg"§"tceeqtfgt"*lcem.ZNTÈ+"ocku"nc norme européenne fgocpfg"§"eg"swÓkn"uqkv"korquukdng"fg"vqwejgtngu"eqppgevgwtu"fflu"nqtu"swg"nc"vgpukqp"guv"uwrfitkgwtg"§"47"Xqnvu"cnvgtpcvkh"*uqkv"97Ycvvu"uqwu":"qjou."378"Ycvvu"uqwu"6"qjou+0Ng"eqppgevgwt"URGCMQP"rgtogv"fgu"nkckuqpu"jcwv/rctngwtu"§"swcvtg"qw"jwkv"rqkpvufg"eqpvcev"ucpu"tkuswgt"wp"eqpvcev"ceekfgpvgn0"EÓguv"rqwtswqk"qp"ng"vtqwxg"fg"rnwu"gprnwu"htfiswgoogpv"uwt"ngu"gpegkpvgu"gv"ngu"cornku0

Cvvgpvkqp"§"dkgp"xfitkhkgt"ngu"eqppgevgwtu"swg"nÓqp"tficnkug"="ngu"tcnnqpigu"fqkxgpv"‒vtgÐvtcpurctgpvguÑ"<"ng"e¤dng"p3"fg"nc"o¤ng"uwt"ng"3"fg"nc"hgognng."ng"p4."uwt"ng"4È"gve0Wpg"gttgwt"guv"xkvg"cttkxfig"o‒og"ejg¦"ngu"vgejpkekgpu"ngu"rnwu"cxgtvku"#

Les multipaires <Chkp"fÓfixkvgt"nc"okug"gp"qgwxtg"fÓwp"vtqr"itcpf"pqodtg"fg"e¤dngu."qp"wvknkug unmultipaire swk"tcuugodng"wpg"swcpvkvfi"korqtvcpvg"fg"eqpfwevgwtu"rct"rcktgu."fcpuwpg"o‒og"ickpg0Cwz"gzvtfiokvfiu"qp"vtqwxg"uqwxgpv"wpg"dqkvg"pwofitqvfig"qw"wp"fircpqwk"q"ejcswgeqppgevgwt"tg›qkv"ugu"vtqku"e¤dngu"ickpfiu"ufirctfiogpv0Qp"kocikpg"ckufiogpv"ng"ickp"fg"vgoru"gv"nc"hceknkvfi"fÓkpuvcnncvkqp0Egu"ownvkrcktgu"gzkuvgpv"rqwt"ngu"oqfwncvkqpu"cwfkq"qw"JR0"Nc"ugevkqp"gv"fg"pqodtgfg"e¤dngu"xctkgpv"ugnqp"nÓwvknkucvkqp"swg"nÓqp"gp"hckv0

Ngu"eqppgevgwtu"ownvkrngu"Jctvkpi."Uqecrgz."UrgcmqpÈ"rgtogvvgpv"fg"tficnkugt"fgpqodtgwugu"eqppgevkqpu"gp"wp"vqwt"fg"ockp0"Eg"uqpv"ngu"eqppgevgwtu"fguownvkrcktgu"rqwt"ukipcwz"cwfkq"qw"JR#




Cvvgpvkqp"§"dkgp"xfitkhkgt"ngu"eqppgevgwtu"swg"nÓqp"tficnkug"="ngu"tcnnqpigu"fqkxgpv"‒vtgÐvtcpurctgpvguÑ"<"ng"e¤dng"p3"fg"nc"o¤ng"uwt"ng"3"fg"nc"hgognng."ng"p4."uwt"ng"4È"gve0Wpg"gttgwt"guv"xkvg"cttkxfig"o‒og"ejg¦"ngu"vgejpkekgpu"ngu"rnwu"cxgtvku"#




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Fquukgtu"vgejpkswgu"@"Ghhgv"Jccu

Effet Haas ou effet de précédence

Rappel : le son se propage dans l’air à 340 m par seconde. Il met environ 3milli-secondes pour parcourir 1 mètre.

C"nc"hkp"fgu"cppfigu"62."Jgnowv"Jccu"ffihkpkv"nc"nqk"fw"rtgokgt"htqpv"fÓqpfgu"<

Nc"nqecnkucvkqp"fÓwpg"uqwteg"guv"fqppfig"fcpu"nc"fktgevkqp"fÓq"rtqxkgpv"ng"uqp"swkcttkxg"gp"rtgokgt"§"nÓqtgknng"*uqp"fktgev+."o‒og"uk"ng"uqp"tgvctffi"*egnwk"qw"egwz"swkcttkxgpv"crtflu"nwk+"c"wpg"kpvgpukvfi"uwrfitkgwtg"cw"uqp"fktgev"fg"8"§"32"fD0Kn"gp"guv"fg"o‒og"rqwt"nc"ugpucvkqp"fg"swcnkvfi"fw"uqp"swk"guv"fqppfig"rct"nc"uqwtegcttkxcpv"§"nÓqtgknng"gp"rtgokgt"*ngu"JR"fg"tcrrgnu"rgwxgpv"‒vtg"fg"oqkpu"dqppg"swcnkvfiuÓknu"uqpv"tgvctffiu"eqttgevgogpv+0

Explication <

Pqwu"cxqpu"4"JR"rqwt"uqpqtkugt"nc"ucnng."JR3"uwt"ueflpg"gv"JR4"uwurgpfw"<

Uk"qp"gpxqkg"nc"o‒og"oqfwncvkqp"cwz"4"JR."nÓqtkikpg"fw"uqp"rqwt"nÓcwfkvgwt"C"xkgpvfw"JR4"swk"nwk"guv"ng"rnwu"rtqejg0"Gpuwkvg"eÓguv"ng"uqp"fw"JR3"swk"cttkxg."etficpv"wpgtfirfivkvkqp0Gp"crrnkswcpv"wp"tgvctf"*ffinck+"§"nÓcornk"fw"JR4"eqttgurqpfcpv"§"nc"fkhhfitgpeg"fgfkuvcpeg"gpvtg"JR3"gv"JR4."qp"xc"xktvwgnngogpv"nÓcogpgt"gp"JR4,."uwt"ng"o‒og"rncpswg"JR30"*gz0"rqwt"F"?"32o"="ng"tgvctf"ugtc"32"z"5."uqkv"52"ou+NÓcwfkvgwt"gpvgpf"ngu"4"JR"gp"o‒og"vgoru"gv"nqecnkug"wpg"uqwteg"kocikpcktgswgnswg"rctv"gpvtg"ngu"4"gpegkpvgu0Gp"cwiogpvcpv"fg"swgnswgu"ou"ng"tgvctf"crrnkswfi"cw"JR4."nÓkocig"ug"ffirnceg"xgtung"dcu"*JR4,,+"<"eÓguv"ockpvgpcpv"ng"JR3"swk"cttkxg"gp"rtgokgt"cwz"qtgknngu"fgnÓcwfkvgwt0

Exemple et autre application possible du principe de l'effet Haas <

Pqwu"uqpqtkuqpu"ng"rkcpq"fcpu"pqu"gpegkpvgu"I"*icwejg+"gv"F"*ftqkvg+."cxge"wp"ickpkphfitkgwt"§"32"fD"rct"tcrrqtv"cw"uqp"ceqwuvkswg0Ucpu"tgvctf."nc"nqecnkucvkqp"fw"uqp"guv"fqppfig"rct"ngu"JR"swk"uqpv"rnwu"rtqejgu"fgucwfkvgwtu"gv"fqpv"ng"uqp"cttkxg"gp"rtgokgt0Nqtuswg"pqwu"ngwt"crrnkswqpu"wp"tgvctf"eqttgurqpfcpv"§"7"o"z"5"ou."uqkv"37"ou"qw




nfiifltgogpv"fcxcpvcig."eÓguv"ng"uqp"fktgev"fw"rkcpq"uwkxk"fg"egnwk"fgu"JR"swk"cttkxgtcuwt"ngu"cwfkvgwtu0"NÓqtkikpg"fw"uqp"xkgpv"fw"rkcpq"gv"ngu"JR"ugodngpv"fkurctc¶vtg0Nc"uqpqtkucvkqp"fgxkgpv"vtflu"fkuetflvg"gv"ng"tgpfw"hkpcn"guv"rnwu"pcvwtgn0

La ligne à retard et rappels délayés

Rct"uqwek"fÓjqoqifipfikvfi"fcpu"nc"eqwxgtvwtg"uqpqtg."pqwu"uqoogu"uqwxgpv"cogpfiu§"kpuvcnngt"rnwukgwtu"gpegkpvgu"fg"fkhhwukqp"rqwt"eqwxtkt"eqttgevgogpv"nÓcwfkvqktg"fcpuwpg"ucnng"fg"urgevceng"*qw"gp"rngkp/ckt+0"Ejcswg"JR"ugtc"fguvkpfi"§"wpg"rctvkg"fg"ncucnng0

Ng"uqp"ug"rtqrcigcpv"§"562"o1u"fcpu"nÓckt."kn"guv"kpfkurgpucdng"fg"tgecngtvgorqtgnngogpv"ngu"JR"kpuvcnnfiu"eqoog"pqwu"nÓcxqpu"fixqswfi"rtfiefifgoogpv0

Fcpu"egv"gzgorng."ngu"JR"fg"nc"ueflpg"ugtqpv"pqvtg"tfihfitgpeg"vgorqtgnng0"Ngu"JRuwurgpfwu"gp"ucnng"fgxtqpv"‒vtg"tgvctffiu"chkp"swg"nÓqp"pÓgpvgpfg"rnwu"swÓwpg"ugwnguqwteg"xgpcpv"fg"nc"ueflpg"cw"nkgw"fg"rnwukgwtu"uqwtegu"hckucpv"fiejq0




Nc ligne à retard qw délai numérique rgtogv"fÓgoocicukpgt"ng"ukipcn"swÓqp"nwkgpxqkg."rqwt"ng"tguvkvwgt"rnwu"vctf0Egv"crrctgkn"rquuflfg"ifipfitcngogpv"4"gpvtfigu"*I"-"F+"gv"fg"4"§"8"uqtvkgu"rgtogvvcpvfg"tficnkugt"lwuswÓ§"5"nkipgu"uvfitfiqrjqpkswgu"fg"JR"ffinc{fiu0NÓchhkejcig"fw"tgvctf"rgwv"ug"hcktg"ifipfitcngogpv"gp"Oflvtgu."Kpejgu"qwOknnk/ugeqpfgu0

Kocikpqpu"swg"ngu"JR"uwurgpfwu"§"rtqzkokvfi"fg"nc"ueflpg"uqkgpv"§"8"o"fw"dqtf"fgueflpg"="swg"egwz"cw/fguuwu"fgu"itcfkpu"uqkgpv"§"44"oflvtgu0"Swgnu"ugtckgpv"ngutgvctfu"§"crrnkswgt"cwz"4"nkipgu"fg"JR"A

Rqwt"ngu"JR"rtqejgu"fg"nc"ueflpg"<"8"z"5"?"3:"ouRqwt"ngu"JR"cw/fguuwu"fgu"itcfkpu"<"44"z"5"?"88"ou0

Egu"xcngwtu"uqpv"vjfiqtkswgu"gv"ugtxgpv"fg"dcug"fg"vtcxckn0

NB <

uk"nÓcornkhkecvkqp"guv"uwrfitkgwtg"§"32"fD"urn."nÓghhgv"pg"hqpevkqppgtc"rcu."gv"nÓqtkikpg"fw"uqpxkgpftc"vqwlqwtu"fgu"JR"swk"ocuswgpv"ng"uqp"ceqwuvkswg"fw"rkcpq0NÓwvknkucvkqp"fg"nqikekgnu"kphqtocvkswgu"rqwt"ffihkpkt"ngu"vgoru"fg"tgvctf"guv"rtfieqpkufig.ocku"qp"rgwv"fiicngogpv"ghhgevwgt"egu"tfiincigu"fg"ffincku"§"nÓqtgknng."gp"fkhhwucpv"wp"uqpdtgh"gv"rgtewuukh"*gz0"ofivtqpqog+"swk"hcxqtkugtc"nc"rgtegrvkqp"fg"nÓqtkikpg"fgu"uqwteguuqpqtgu0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"oketqrjqpgu"@"Fktgevkxkvfi"fgu"oketqrjqpgu

Directivité des microphones

Nc"fktgevkxkvfi"ffihkpkv"nc"ugpukdknkvfi"fÓwp"oketqrjqpg"rct"tcrrqtv"§"nc"rtqxgpcpeg"fÓwpuqp"*cping"fÓkpekfgpeg"fg"nÓqpfg"ceqwuvkswg+0

Directivité omnidirectionnelle

Ng"oketqrjqpg"qopkfktgevkqppgn"pg"rtkxknfiikg"cwewpg"rtqxgpcpeg0Kn"ecrvg"ngu"uqpu"xgpcpv"fg"vqwvgu"ngu"fktgevkqpu0"Qp"nÓwvknkug"tctgogpv"gpuqpqtkucvkqp."ocku"uwtvqwv"gp"gptgikuvtgogpv0

Directivité hémisphérique

Kn"ecrvg"ngu"uqpu"rtqxgpcpv"fw"fguuwu0EÓguv"nc"fktgevkxkvfi"fw"R¥O0

Directivité bidirectionnelle

Ng"oketqrjqpg"dkfktgevkqppgn"guv"ugpukdng"cwz"uqpu"rtqxgpcpv"fgnÓcxcpv"gv"fg"nÓcttkfltg"fg"uc"ogodtcpg"="rct"eqpvtg"kn"pg"ecrvgtc"rcungu"uqpu"xgpcpv"gu"e»vfiu0EÓguv"ng"oketqrjqpg"fgu"fwqu"<"qp"rnceg"ngu"kpvgtrtflvgu"fg"rctv"gvfÓcwvtg"fw"oketqrjqpg0

Directivité cardioïde (en forme de coeur)

Ng"oketqrjqpg"ectfkq•fg"guv"ugpukdng"cwz"uqpu"xgpcpv"fg"nÓcxcpv"gv"rgwugpukdng"cwz"uqpu"rtqxgpcpv"fg"nÓcttkfltg0"Qp"nÓwvknkugtc"ejcswg"hqku"swgnÓqp"cwtc"dguqkp"fÓkuqngt"wpg"uqwteg"rct"tcrrqtv"§"wpg"cwvtg"qw"gp"oknkgwtfixgtdfitcpv0

Directivité hypercardioïde (en forme de coeur)

Ng"oketqrjqpg"j{rgt/ectfkq•fg"guv"rnwu"fktgevkqppgn"swg"ng"ectfkq•fg"="uqpejcor"fg"ecrvcvkqp"guv"rnwu"cnnqpifi"xgtu"nÓcxcpv"gv"qp"pqvg"wpg"nfiifltgugpukdknkvfi"xgtu"nÓcttkfltg0"Qp"wvknkug"eg"v{rg"fg"oketqrjqpg"nqtuswg"nÓqp"cdguqkp"fg"fcxcpvcig"fg"ufingevkxkvfi"xgtu"nÓcxcpv0




Directivité des microphones "canon"

Ngwt"eqtru"tgncvkxgogpv"nqpi"*72"eo"gv"rnwu+"guv"eqpuvkvwfi"fÓwp"vwdg"§"kpvgthfitgpegurncefi"fgxcpv"nc"ecruwng0"Eg"fkurqukvkh"rctvkewnkgt"hckv"swg"ngu"qpfgu"ecrvfigu"fcpunÓczg"fw"oketq"cttkxgpv"gp"rjcug."cnqtu"swg"ngu"qpfgu"ncvfitcngu"uÓcppwngpv"rctqrrqukvkqp"fg"rjcug"§"nÓkpvfitkgwt"fw"vwdg"§"kpvgthfitgpegu0"Eg"oketqrjqpg"guv"fg"eghckv"jcwvgogpv"fktgevkh0"Qp"nÓwvknkugtc"rtkpekrcngogpv"gp"gzvfitkgwt"*gp"xkucpv"nc"uqwtegeqoog"cxge"wp"hwukn+"rqwt"ecrvgt"fgu"uqpu"finqkipfiu"gp"tfifwkucpv"ngu"uqpu"rctcukvgu0Rtkug"fg"uqpfg"tgrqtvcig0

PD"<"nc"oclqtkvfi"fgu"oketqrjqpgu"qpv"wpg"fktgevkxkvfi"fqppfig."ocku"egtvckpu"oqfflngufingevtquvcvkswgu"rtqrqugpv"rnwukgwtu"fktgevkxkvfiu"swg"nÓqp"ufingevkqppg"§"nÓckfg"fÓwpkpvgttwrvgwt0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"N)cornkhkecvgwt"@"Eqppgzkqpu

Connexions

NÓcornkhkecvgwt"guv"ifipfitcngogpv"§"fgwz"ecpcwz"gv"qp"rgwv"nÓwvknkugt"gp"<

stéréo <"ejcswg"ecpcn"cornkhkg"ng"ukipcn"crrnkswfi"§"uqp"gpvtfig0parallèle <"ngu"fgwz"ecpcwz"tg›qkxgpv"ng"o‒og"ukipcn"*egnwk"fg"nÓgpvtfig"Icwejg"qw"C.ifipfitcngogpv+mono bridge <"qp"wvknkug"nc"rwkuucpeg"fkurqpkdng"uwt"ngu"4"ecpcwz"swg"nÓqpcffkvkqppg0"Wp"ecpcn"cornkhkg"ngu"cnvgtpcpegu"rqukvkxgu"gv"nÓcwvtg"ngu"pfiicvkxgu0"Qpfqwdng"nc"rwkuucpeg"gv"nÓcornk"fgxkgpv"oqpq"*3"gpvtfig"gv"3"uqtvkg+0

Entrées :

Ifipfitcngogpv"u{ofivtkswgu"gp XLR qw"lcem"uvfitfiq."gnngu"rgwxgpv"cwuuk"‒vtgcu{ofivtkswgu"gp"lcem"oqpq"qw cinch uwt"fÓcpekgpu"oqfflngu"*§"fixkvgt"rqwt"nkokvgt"ngurtqdnflogu"fg"tqphngvvgu+0

Sorties :

Nc"hkejg"Urgcmqp"*4."6"qw":"rqkpvu"fg"eqppgzkqp+"c"vgpfcpeg"§"fiswkrgt"wp"dqppqodtg"fÓcornku"cevwgnu"rwkuswÓgnng"gor‒ejg"wp"eqpvcev"fktgev"cxge"ngu"eqpfwevgwtugv"tfirqpf"cwz"pqtogu"gwtqrfigppgu"fg"ufiewtkvfi,0"Qp"vtqwxg"cwuuk"fgu"dqtpkgtu"§e¤dngu."hkejgu"dcpcpgu"qw"lcemu"8.57"oo0

Nc"fktgevkxg"ÐDcuug"VgpukqpÑ"fg"nÓWpkqp"Gwtqrfigppg"guv"gp"xkiwgwt"fgrwku"ng"3gtlcpxkgt"3;;90"Eqpegtpcpv"ngu"eqppgzkqpu"fgu"jcwv/rctngwtu."nc"pqtog"guv"vtflu"ukorng<"qp"pg"fqkv"rcu"tkuswgt"wp"eqpvcev"ceekfgpvgn"cxge"fgu"eqpfwevgwtu"nqtuswg"ncvgpukqp"guv"uwrfitkgwtg"§"47"Xqnvu"cnvgtpcvkh"qw"57"Xqnvu"eqpvkpw0"Uqkv."uwt"ngu"cornku"gvjcwv/rctngwtu"f)wpg"rwkuucpeg"uwrfitkgwtg"§"9:"Ycvvu"uqwu":"qjou0"Egnc"gzenwv"fgwzv{rgu"fg"eqppgevgwtu"swk"fivckgpv"lwusw)§"rtfiugpv"vtflu"wvknkufiu"<"ngu"lcemu"8.57"oo"gvngu"hkejgu"dcpcpg0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"E¤dncig"gv"eqppgevgwtu"@"Rqnctkvfi"gv"rjcug

Polarité et phase

Ngu"eqppgevgwtu"fÓgpvtfig"gv"fg"uqtvkg"fÓwpg"eqpuqng."fÓwp"cornkhkecvgwt."fÓwpggpegkpvg."fÓwp"oketqrjqpg."fÓwp"jcwv/rctngwtÈ"uqpv"tgrfitfiu"gv"kpfkswgpv"ng"rqkpvejcwf"-"gv"ng"rqkpv"htqkf"/0"Ng"ukipcn"cwfkq"guv"wp"ukipcn"cnvgtpcvkh"swk"rcuuguweeguukxgogpv"rct"fgu"xcngwtu"rqukvkxgu."rwku"pfiicvkxgu0"C"rtkqtk."kn"pÓ{"cwtckv"rcufg"tckuqp"fg"pqoogt"nÓwp"-"gv"nÓcwvtg"/"."ocku"rqwt"ng"tgurgev"fg"nc"rjcug"tgncvkxggpvtg"rnwukgwtu"crrctgknu"qw"JR."eg"tgrfitcig"guv"kpfkurgpucdng"#

Que se passe-t-il lorsque la polarité ou phase(+ sur + ; - sur -) n’est pas respectée ?

UÓkn"pÓ{"c"swÓwp"oketqrjqpg"gv"wpg"gpegkpvg."rcu"fg"rtqdnflog."nc"rjcug"guv"ucpukorqtvcpeg"="ocku"fflu"swÓkn"{"c"rnwukgwtu"jcwv/rctngwtu"gv"rnwukgwtu"oketqrjqpgu. laphase doit être respectée <"ngu"ogodtcpgu"fgu"jcwv"rctngwtu"fqkxgpv"ug"ffirncegtfcpu"ng"o‒og"ugpu"gv"fgwz"oketqu"rncefiu"nÓwp"§"eqvfi"fg"nÓcwvtg"fqkxgpv"rtqfwktg"wpgcwiogpvcvkqp"fg"rwkuucpeg"nqtuswÓqp"ngu"cffkvkqppg0

On veillera à vérifier la phase des enceintes avant tout travail0




Qp"rgwv"wvknkugt"wp"ukipcn"vguv"q"ngu"fgwz"ecpcwz"uqpv"Å"gp"rjcug"Ç"gv"wp"cwvtg"qknu"uqpv"Å"jqtu/rjcug"Ç0"Qp"rgwv"fiicngogpv"tficnkugt"eg"vguv"cxge"wp"ukipcn"owukecnswgneqpswg0Uk"ngu"fgwz"gpegkpvgu"uqpv"gp"rjcug."ng"uqp"rctc¶v"xgpkt"fÓwp"rqkpv"ukvwfi"cw"oknkgw"fgegnngu/ek0Uk"wpg"gpegkpvg"guv"jqtu/rjcug"rct"tcrrqtv"§"nÓcwvtg."ng"uqp"ugodng"uqtvkt"fgu"e»vfiufgu"jcwv/rctngwtu"="wp"ffiucitfiogpv"crrctc¶v"§"nÓfieqwvg"gv"kn"pÓ{"c"rnwu"itcpf"ejqugcw"egpvtg"fg"nÓfieqwvg"uvfitfiqrjqpkswg0"Qp"rgtf"ugpukdngogpv"ngu"dcuugu"htfiswgpegu0Wpg"fieqwvg"rtqnqpifig"fÓwp"vgn"u{uvflog"rtqxqswg"wpg"i‒pg"tfignng"fwg"cw"hckv"swgpqu"qtgknngu"tg›qkxgpv"swcuk"ukownvcpfiogpv"wp"ukipcn"gp"gv"jqtu"rjcug0

Il suffit d’inverser la polarité d’une enceinte pour rétablir la phase.Gp"uqpqtkucvkqp"qp"wvknkug"ifipfitcngogpv"wp"tceeqtf"ZNT1ZNT"urfiekcngogpv"e¤dnfi"gpjqtu/rjcug"swg"nÓqp"kpugtv"gpvtg"nc"vcdng"gv"nÓcornkhkecvgwt"rqwt"tgpxgtugt"nc"rjcug"uknÓqp"eqpuvcvg"wpg"cpqocnkg0

NqtuswÓqp"wvknkug"rnwukgwtu"oketqrjqpgu"rqwt"ecrvgt"wpg"o‒og"uqwteg."kn"hcwvfiicngogpv"xgknngt"§"tgurgevgt"nc"rqnctkvfi"fgu"oketqrjqpgu0Qp"rctng"fcpu"fgwz"oketqrjqpgu"rncefiu"e»vg"§"e»vg"="nqtuswÓqp"ngu"cffkvkqppg*ofincpig"§"fgu"xcngwtu"kfgpvkswgu+"uwt"pqvtg"vcdng"fg"okzcig."nc"oqfwncvkqp"fqkv"‒vtgrnwu"hqtvg."uÓknu"uqpv"gp"rjcug0"UÓknu"uqpv"jqtu/rjcug"nÓwp"rct"tcrrqtv"§"nÓcwvtg."ngukipcn"guv"oqkpu"hqtv"*xqktg"vqvcngogpv"cppwnfi"rct"qrrqukvkqp"fg"rjcug+"qw"ocpswgeqpukffitcdngogpv"fg"itcxgu0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Nc"vcdng"fg"okzcig"@"Nc"ugevkqp"fgu"uqtvkgu

La section des sorties

Nc"ugevkqp"fgu"uqtvkgu"fg"nc"eqpuqng"fg"okzcig"rtfiugpvg"rnwukgwtu"rquukdknkvfiu"fgtceeqtfgogpv"<

MAIN, MIX, LEFT/RIGHT, STEREO… <Eg"uqpv"ngu"uqtvkgu"rtkpekrcngu"fg"nc"eqpuqng"="qp"{"eqppgevgtc"nc"fkhhwukqp"rtkpekrcngqw"nÓgptgikuvtgwt"Ocuvgt0"Egu"uqtvkgu"uqpv"u{ofivtkswgu0GROUP, SUB <Rgtogvvgpv"nc"eqppgzkqp"xgtu"fgu"gpegkpvgu"qw"gptgikuvtgwtu"uwrrnfiogpvcktgu0"Egunkckuqpu"uqpv"ifipfitcngogpv"u{ofivtkswgu"gv"rgtogvvgpv"wpg"nkckuqp"fg"nqpiwgfkuvcpeg0MONO <EÓguv"wpg"uqtvkg"swk"tgitqwrg"ngu"ukipcwz"Icwejg"gv"Ftqkv0CENTRE <Gzkuvg"uwt"egtvckpgu"eqpuqngu"ugwngogpv"gv"guv"fguvkpfig"§"cnkogpvgt"wpg"fkhhwukqpegpvtcng0AUXILIAIRES OUT <Eg"uqpv"ngu"uqtvkgu"fgu"gpxqku"fÓcwzknkcktgu0"Qp"tceeqtfgtc"uwt"egu"uqtvkgu"ngucornkhkecvgwtu"fgu"jcwv/rctngwtu"fg"tgvqwt"fg"ueflpg"qw"ngu"rtqeguugwtu"fÓghhgvu0"Eguuqtvkgu"rgwxgpv"‒vtg"cu{ofivtkswgu"uwt"ngu"eqpuqngu"gpvtfig"gv"oknkgw"fg"icoog0RECORD <Egvvg"uqtvkg"guv"cnkogpvfig"rct"nc"oqfwncvkqp"N1T0"Gnng"guv"ifipfitcngogpv"cu{ofivtkswgcxge"fgu"eqppgevgwtu"EKPEJ"gv"fguvkpfig"cw"dtcpejgogpv"fÓwp"crrctgknfÓgptgikuvtgogpv"uvfitfiq"itcpf"rwdnke0CASQUE <Uqtvkg"fguvkpfig"cw"tceeqtfgogpv"fÓwp"ecuswg"rqwt"nÓfieqwvg"kuqnfig"fgu"CHN."RHN"qwOKZ0Control room <Uqtvkg"rqwt"ng"tceeqtfgogpv"fgu"jcwv/rctngwtu"fg"oqpkvqtkpi"gp"gptgikuvtgogpv"rnwurctvkewnkfltgogpv0"Gnng"uwkv"nc"oqfwncvkqp"rtfiugpvg"uwt"nc"rtkug"ecuswg"gv"rgtogvfÓfieqwvgt"wpg"xqkg"ugwng"*RHN."CHN+"qw"nc"oqfwncvkqp"rtfiugpvg"uwt"ng"OKZ0

Qp"rgwv"fiicngogpv"vtqwxgt"swgnswgu"gpvtfigu"uwrrnfiogpvcktgu"<

STÉRÉO RETURN ou AUX RETURN <Eg"uqpv"fgu"gpvtfigu"uwrrnfiogpvcktgu"cw"pkxgcw"nkipg"rqwt"tceeqtfgt"fgufiswkrgogpvu"fw"v{rg"rtqeguugwtu"fÓghhgvu."ngevgwtu"EF."M9."OFÈ"Egu"gpvtfigu"uqpvifipfitcngogpv"oqkpu"eqornflvgu0

Track return <EÓguv"wpg"gpvtfig"uvfitfiq"cxge"tfiincig"fg"xqnwog"wpkswgogpv."rgtogvvcpv"ngtceeqtfgogpv"fg"nc"uqtvkg"fg"pqvtg"crrctgkn"fÓgptgikuvtgogpv"§"nc"uqtvkg"oqpkvqtkpiqw"§"nc"uqtvkg"rtkpekrcng"chkp"fg"tfifieqwvgt"ng"okzcig"swk"xkgpv"fÓ‒vtg"gptgikuvtfi"ucpu




vqwejgt"§"nÓfivcv"fg"nc"eqpuqng0"Egvvg"gpvtfig"uwrrnfiogpvcktg"rgwv"cwuuk"ugtxkt"§fkhhwugt"wp"ngevgwt"EF."OFÈ"nqtuswg"vqwvgu"ngu"xqkgu"fÓgpvtfig"uqpv"wvknkufigu0

Tone, gen <Rgtogv"fg"ifipfitgt"gv"fÓgpxq{gt"rnwukgwtu"v{rgu"fg"ukipcwz"*622"J¦."3222"J¦."32mJ¦."dtwkv"tqugÈ+"xgtu"ngu"uqtvkgu"fg"nc"eqpuqng"rqwt"ecngt"fgu"pkxgcwz."vguvgt"fguffirctvuÈ

U{pqrvkswg"f)wpg"xqkg"f)gpvtfig"eqpuqng"<




Uwt"ng"rcppgcw"fg"tceeqtfgogpv"fgu"uqtvkgu"*OKZ."ITQWRGU+"ug"vtqwxgifipfitcngogpv"wp"rqkpv"fÓkpugtv"swk"rgtogv"fg"tceeqtfgt"fgu"fiswkrgogpvurfitkrjfitkswgu"vgnu"swÓwp"fiicnkugwt"cw"315"fÓqevcxg."wp"eqortguugwt"gve0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"jcwvu/rctngwtu"gv"gpegkpvgu"@"Ngu"gpegkpvgu

Les enceintes

NÓgpegkpvg"guv"wp"gpugodng"eqorqufi"fÓwpg"dq¶vg"gv"fg"jcwv/rctngwtu0

Kn"gzkuvg"rnwukgwtu"v{rgu"fÓgpegkpvgu"<

Les enceintes large bande pg"uqpv"eqpuvkvwfigu"swg"fÓwp"ugwn"jcwv/rctngwt"swkeqwxtg"nc"swcuk"vqvcnkvfi"fg"nc"dcpfg"cwfkdng."gzegrvfigu"ngu"gzvtfiokvfiu"fw"urgevtg*gzvt‒og"itcxg"gv"ckiw+"swk"uqpv"cvvfipwfigu0"Qp"ngu"fguvkpg"§"fgu"wucigu"q"wpgdqppg"swcnkvfi"fg"tgrtqfwevkqp"pÓguv"rcu"pfieguucktg"*rwdnke/cftguu."JR"fiswkrcpvegtvckpu"rquvgu"fg"tcfkq."cornkhkecvgwtu"fg"iwkvctgÈ+Les enceintes passives §"fgwz"qw"vtqku"xqkgu"uqpv"cnkogpvfigu"rct"wp"ugwncornkhkecvgwt"="ngu"fkhhfitgpvu"eqorqucpvu"fg"nÓgpegkpvg"tg›qkxgpv"ejcewp"nc"rncig"fghtfiswgpegu"swÓknu"rgwxgpv"tguvkvwgt"rct"nÓwvknkucvkqp"fÓwp"hknvtg"rcuukh"kpvfiitfi"<"ngdqqogt"tg›qkv"ngu"htfiswgpegu"itcxgu"="ng"ofifkwo."ngu"htfiswgpegu"ofifkwou"gv"ngvyggvgt"wpkswgogpv"ngu"htfiswgpegu"ckiw†u0"Egu"gpegkpvgu"qpv"ifipfitcngogpv"wptgpfgogpv"oqkpftg"f"cw"hknvtg"ufirctcvgwt"swk"guv"cwuuk"eqpuqoocvgwt"fÓfipgtikg0Fg"eg"hckv."rqwt"fgu"rwkuucpegu"rnwu"korqtvcpvgu."qp"rtfihfltgtc"fgu"gpegkpvgu"fkvgucevkxgu0"Cxcpvcigu"<"eqv"oqkpftg."pg"pfieguukvg"swÓwp"cornkhkecvgwt."e¤dncigukornkhkfi0"Kpeqpxfipkgpvu"<"tgpfgogpv"oqkpu"dqp0Les enceintes passives processées <"qp"cofinkqtg"nc"eqwtdg"fg"tfirqpug"gv"qprtqvflig"ngu"jcwv/rctngwtu"eqorqucpv"nÓgpegkpvg"rct"wp"rtqeguugwt"fingevtqpkswg*ifipfitcngogpv"ffixgnqrrfi"rct"ng"hcdtkswcpv"fÓgpegkpvgu+"kpufitfi"cxcpv"nÓcornkhkecvgwt0Eg"hknvtg"ghhgevwg"wpg"fiicnkucvkqp"uqrjkuvkswfig"ckpuk"swÓwpg"nkokvcvkqp0"Uk"gp"rnwu"qp




cpcn{ug"ng"ukipcn"uqtvcpv"fg"nÓcornkhkecvgwt"gv1qw"qp"oguwtg"nc"vgorfitcvwtg"fw"JR."qprctng"fÓgpegkpvgu"cuugtxkgu0Les enceintes actives uqpv"eqorqufigu"fg"rnwukgwtu"JR"cfcrvfiu"cwz"htfiswgpegu"§vtcpuogvvtg"ocku"cnkogpvfiu"ejcewp"rct"wp"cornkhkecvgwt0"Ejcswg"cornkhkecvgwt"pgtg›qkv"swg"nc"rncig"fg"htfiswgpegu"swg"uqp"JR"fqkv"tguvkvwgt0"Qp"wvknkug"cnqtu"gpcoqpv"wp"hknvtg"swk"fkxkug"nÓgpugodng"fw"urgevtg"cwfkq"*42"/"42"222"J¦+"gp"rnwukgwtudcpfgu"*xqkgu+0Gzgorng"</"UWD"DCUUGU"fg"42"§":2"J¦/"DCUUGU"fg":2"§"472"J¦/"OGFKWOU"fg"472"§"5"MJ¦/"CKIWU"fg"5"§"3:"mJ¦

Avantages <"ogknngwt"tgpfgogpv"uwt"vqwvg"nc"dcpfg"rcuucpvg0"Gicnkucvkqp"fgu"JR.rtqvgevkqp"fgu"eqorqucpvu"rct"wp"nkokvgwt."tgokug"gp"rjcug"fgu"fkhhfitgpvu"JR"fcpunÓgpegkpvg"uqpv"ghhgevwfigu"rct"ng"hknvtg"pwofitkswg0Inconvénients <"eqv"rnwu"fingxfi"rct"nc"okug"gp"qgwxtg"fg"vtqku"qw"swcvtgcornkhkecvgwtu"gv"fÓwp"hknvtg"ufirctcvgwt"gzvgtpg0Les enceintes de retour de scène qw"dckpu"fg"rkgfu"*ygfig."gp"cpincku+"qpv"wpgfidfipkuvgtkg"cfcrvfig"§"ngwt"rqukvkqppgogpv"uwt"ueflpg."fgxcpv"nÓkpuvtwogpvkuvg0"N§cwuuk"qp"vtqwxg"fgu"fk¦ckpgu"fg"oqfflngu"cxge"fgu"fkcoflvtgu"fg"dqqogt"rnwu"qwoqkpu"itcpfu"gv"fgu"rcxknnqpu"fÓckiwu"§"fkurgtukqp"rnwu"qw"oqkpu"uqrjkuvkswfiu0Ifipfitcngogpv"rcuukxgu."qp"vtqwxg"swgnswgu"oqfflngu"cevkhu"qw"cwvq/cornkhkfiu0

Les enceintes auto-amplifiées <"rqwt"ukornkhkgt"nc"nqecvkqp"gv"fixkvgt"fg"nqwtfu"tcemufÓcornkhkecvgwtu."qp"vtqwxg"fg"rnwu"gp"rnwu"fg"hcdtkecpvu"swk"ffixgnqrrgpv"fgugpegkpvgu"q"nÓcornkhkecvkqp"guv"kpvfiitfig0"Rnwu"fg"rtqdnflog"fg"e¤dng"JR."kn"uwhhkvfÓcogpgt"§"nÓgpegkpvg"cornkhkfig"wpg"cnkogpvcvkqp"ugevgwt"ckpuk"swg"nc"oqfwncvkqpswÓgnng"fqkv"tgrtqfwktg0Avantages <"rcu"fÓcornkhkecvgwt"pk"e¤dncig."vqwv"guv"kpvfiitfi0Inconvénients <"tguvkvwvkqp"gv"vgpwg"gp"rwkuucpeg"oqkpu"dqppgu."fwu"§"egtvckpueqortqoku"uwt"nÓcornkhkecvkqp0"Rqkfu"rnwu"korqtvcpv0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Gp"rtcvkswg"@"Dtcpejgogpv"fgu"gpegkpvgu

Branchement des enceintes

Peut-on brancher plusieurs enceintes sur un même canald'amplificateur ?

Egnc"ffirgpftc"fg"nÓimpédance fgu"gpegkpvgu"gv"fg"nÓkorfifcpeg"okpkowo"ceegrvfigrct"nÓcornkhkecvgwt"<"Ngu"gpegkpvgu"hqpv"ifipfitcngogpv"6.":"qw"38"qjou0"Ngucornkhkecvgwtu"cevwgnu"vtcxcknngpv"uwt"fgu"ejctigu"cnncpv"lwuswÓ§"6."xqktg"4"qjou0Fgwz"gpegkpvgu"fg"522"ycvvu"uqwu":"qjou"dtcpejfigu"gp"rctcnnflng"uwt"wp"ecpcnfÓcornk"*ngu"-"fgu"4"JR"uwt"ngu"-"fg"nÓcornk."ngu"Î"uwt"ngu"Î"fg"nÓcornk+"fgxkgppgpv"wpgpqwxgnng"gpegkpvg"fg"822"ycvvu."ocku"fÓkorfifcpeg"tfifwkvg"§"6"qjou0

Ngu"cornkhkecvgwtu"rtqfwkugpv"ifipfitcngogpv"wpg"rwkuucpeg"swcukogpv"fqwdngnqtuswÓqp"fkxkug"rct"fgwz"nÓkorfifcpeg"fg"ejctig0"Wp"cornk"ffinkxtgtc"rct"gzgorng522"ycvvu"uqwu":"qjou."gv"822"ycvvu"uqwu"6"qjou0"NÓkpvfit‒v"fÓwvknkugt"fgucornkhkecvgwtu"ceegrvcpv"fgu"korfifcpegu"fg"nÓqtftg"fg"4"qjou"rgtogvvcpv"fgtceeqtfgt"vtqku"gpegkpvgu"uwt"wp"o‒og"ecpcn"fÓcornk"*ugnqp"nÓkorfifcpeg"fgu"JR+"guvfieqpqokswg."ocku"rgtogv"fiicngogpv"wp"ickp"fg"rqkfu"gv"fg"rnceg0"Rct"eqpvtg"uÓknvqodg"gp"rcppg."eÓguv"wp"gpugodng"fg"vtqku"gpegkpvgu"swk"fgxkgpftqpv"owgvvgu0Korfifcpeg"fg"5"JR"fg":"qjou"dtcpejfiu"gp"rctcnnflng"<"31:"-31:-31:"?"3120597"uqkv4.88"qjou0Wp"cornkhkecvgwt"rqwxcpv"vtcxcknngt"lwuswÓ§"4"qjou"rqwttc"cnkogpvgt"pqu"5"JR0




Hqtowng"fg"ecnewn"rqwt"ffivgtokpgt"nÓkorfifcpeg"tfiuwnvcpvg"nqtuswg"nÓqp"dtcpejgrnwukgwtu"JR"gprctcnnflng"<T"guv"nÓkorfifcpeg"fÓwpg"gpegkpvg"gp"qjou"=T,"guv"nÓkorfifcpeg"qdvgpwg0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"E¤dncig"gv"eqppgevgwtu"@"Cnkogpvcvkqp"fingevtkswg

Alimentation électrique

Principes

Qp"vtqwxg"*qw"qp"coflpgtc"+"wpg"cttkxfig"ifipfitcng"fw"eqwtcpv"fguvkpfi"cwz"fiswkrgogpvu"fguqpqtkucvkqp"§"rtqzkokvfi"fg"nc"ueflpg0

Uwkxcpv"nc"rwkuucpeg"pfieguucktg."qp"wvknkugtc"38."54."85"xqktg"347"corfltgu"vtkrjcufiu"rqwteqppgevgt"wp"eqhhtgv"fg"fkuvtkdwvkqp"gv"fg"rtqvgevkqp"swk"fgxtc"‒vtg"owpk"fÓwp"kpvgttwrvgwtfkhhfitgpvkgn"ecnkdtfi"§"2.25"corfltgu."uqkv"52"oknnkcorfltgu."rqwt"nc"rtqvgevkqp"fgu"rgtuqppgugp"eqpvcev"cxge"pqu"fiswkrgogpvu"fg"uqpqtkucvkqp0"Nc"oguwtg"cw"xqnvoflvtg"fqkv"fqppgtgpvtg"442"gv"462"xqnvu"gpvtg"rjcug"gv"pgwvtg."kfgo"gpvtg"rjcug"gv"vgttg"gv"2"xqnv"gpvtgpgwvtg"gv"vgttg0

Puis on distribue le courant <

cwz"cornkhkecvgwtu"gp"xgknncpv"§"tfirctvkt"nc"rwkuucpeg"uwt"ngu"5"rjcugu"fkurqpkdngu.§"nc"eqpuqng"gp"ucnng.§"nc"eqpuqng"fguvkpfig"cwz"tgvqwtu"fg"ueflpg.cwz"owukekgpu"uwt"ueflpg0

Qp"wvknkugtc"cw"okpkowo"fw"e¤dng"fg"4.7"oo)."xqktg"6"qw"8"oo)"ugnqp"nc"rwkuucpeg"gv"ncnqpiwgwt0

Gp"ecu"fg"rtqdnflog"fg"rctcukvgu"korqtvcpvu"fwu"cwz"itcfcvgwtu"nwokfltg"<

qp"guuc{gtc"fg"ug"tceeqtfgt"§"wpg"cwvtg"cnkogpvcvkqp"fcpu"ng"d¤vkogpv0qp"wvknkugtc"wp"vtcpuhqtocvgwt"fÓkuqncvkqp"ugevgwt"rqwt"cnkogpvgt"nÓgpugodng"fgufiswkrgogpvu"fg"uqpqtkucvkqp0"Eg"vtcpuhqtocvgwt"tg›qkv"ng"eqwtcpv"fg"nÓcnkogpvcvkqpifipfitcng."ng"hknvtg"gv"tguvkvwg"wp"pqwxgcw"eqwtcpv0"Egek"fqkv"rgtogvvtg"fg"uqnwvkqppgt"qwtfifwktg"fg"ocpkfltg"korqtvcpvg"ngu"rtqdnflogu"fg"tqphngogpvu0qp"eqppgevgtc"nc"vgttg"fw"ugevgwt"fguvkpfi"§"nc"uqpqtkucvkqp"uwt"wp"rkswgv"fg"vgttg"fkhhfitgpvfgu"fiswkrgogpvu"nwokfltgu"*rcu"vqwlqwtu"vtflu"ghhkecegÈ+0"Rqwt"cuuwtgt"wpg"ogknngwtgeqpfwevkqp."kn"guv"pfieguucktg"fg"dkgp"jwokfkhkgt"ng"rkswgv"fg"vgttg0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Nc"vcdng"fg"okzcig"@"Nc"vcdng"fg"okzcig"1"Eqpuqngupwofitkswgu

La table de mixage / Consoles numériques

Nc"eqpuqng"pwofitkswg"eqortgpf"ifipfitcngogpv"fgu entrées analogiques cxge"wprtficornkhkecvgwt"oketq/nkipg"rqwt"nc"eqppgzkqp"fg"uqwtegu"cpcnqikswgu"gv"fgugpvtfigu"pwofitkswgu"*swgnswghqku"qrvkqppgnngu+"rqwt"nc"eqppgzkqp"fg"uqwtegu"ffil§pwofitkufigu"*ocipfivqrjqpgu"ownvk/rkuvgu"pwofitkswgu."qtfkpcvgwtu."rtfi/cornku"C1Fgzvgtpgu+0"Wpg"hqku"rtfi/cornkhkfi. le signal est numérisfi"rct"wp"eqpxgtvkuugwt"C1F*cpcnqikswg/fkikvcn+"="n§."pqwu"uqoogu"fcpu"ng"fqockpg"fw"pwofitkswg"eg"swk"pqwurgtogv"wpg"ownvkvwfg"fg"vtckvgogpvu"kphqtocvkswgu"<"fiicnkucvkqp."vtckvgogpvuf{pcokswgu."tgvctfu."ofioqtkucvkqp"fg"ueflpgu."cwvqocvkqp."ukowncvkqpu"gp"vqwuigptguÈNc"eqpuqng"pwofitkswg"rtqrqug"ifipfitcngogpv"rnwukgwtu"uqtvkgu"cpcnqikswgu"rqwtcnkogpvgt"cornku"gv"rfitkrjfitkswgu"cpcnqikswgu."ckpuk"swg"rnwukgwtu"hqtocvupwofitkswgu"*URFKH."CGU."CFCV+0"Ng"ickp"fg"rnceg"guv"eqpukffitcdng"rct"tcrrqtv"§nÓfiswkxcngpv"cpcnqikswg0"Ng"eqv"guv"fiicngogpv"tfifwkv."fÓq"nÓgpiqwgogpv"cevwgn0"Rcteqpvtg."ngu"eqorqucpvu"kphqtocvkswgu"pg"eqpvtkdwgpv"rcu"§"nc"eqwngwt"fw"uqp"eqoogng"hqpv"ngueqorqucpvu"cpcnqikswgu"="qp"fkv"uqwxgpv"swg"ng"uqp"pwofitkswg"guv"htqkf.ocku"pqwu"pg"uqoogu"swÓcw"ffidwv"fg"nÓfltg"pwofitkswg"gv"fcpu"eg"fqockpg"ncvgejpqnqikg"cxcpeg"vtflu"xkvgÈ

Swgnswgu"tfihfitgpegu"<[cocjc"23X."24T."25F."FO4222."Uqp{"FOZ"T"322."Kppqxc"Uqp"Ugpuqt{






http://www.sonorisation-spectacle.org/publicmedia/formatted/168/59/fr/TECma03-consoles-10;h=480,w=480.jpg


Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Gp"rtcvkswg"@"Qtftg"f)cnnwocig"gv"f)gzvkpevkqp"fgufiswkrgogpvu

Ordre d'allumage et d'extinction des équipements

Rqwt"fixkvgt"ngu"itqu"ENCEU"fcpu"ngu"gpegkpvgu"*eg"swk"hkpkv"rct"ngu"ffivfitkqtgtÈ+"<

A l’allumage."qp"cnkogpvg"vqwu"ngu"fiswkrgogpvu"*eqpuqng."rfitkrjfitkswguÈ+"cxcpvngu"cornkhkecvgwtu0A l’extinction."qp"eqoogpeg"rct"fivgkpftg"ngu"cornkhkecvgwtu."cxcpv"ngu"cwvtgufiswkrgogpvu0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Fquukgtu"vgejpkswgu"@"Rtkug"uqp"uvfitfiq"rct"eqwrng"fgoketqu

Prise son stéréo par couple de micros

Nc"uvfitfiqrjqpkg"pqwu"rgtogv"fg"nqecnkugt"wpg"uqwteg"uqpqtg"fcpu"nÓgurceg0

Ng"uqp"vqwejg"fÓcdqtf"nÓqtgknng"ftqkvg."rwku"nÓcwvtg0"Egvvg"nfiifltg"fkhhfitgpeg"fg"vgoruguv"uwhhkucpvg"§"pqvtg"egtxgcw"rqwt"ffivgtokpgt"nc"fktgevkqp"fÓq"xkgpv"nc"uqwteguqpqtg0

Nc"rtkug"fg"uqp"uvfitfiqrjqpkswg"rct"eqwrng"fg"oketqrjqpgu"vgpf"§"tgrtqfwktg"fgocpkfltg"hkfflng"gv"pcvwtgnng"nc"rgtegrvkqp"fg"nÓjqoog"eqpvtcktgogpv"cw"okzcig"fgrnwukgwtu"uqwtegu"oqpqrjqpkswgu."swg"nÓqp"rnceg"fcpu"nÓgurceg"§"nÓckfg"fwrcpqtcokswg"fg"nc"eqpuqng0"Fcpu"eg"ecu."eÓguv"nÓkpifipkgwt"fw"uqp"swk"eqpuvtwkvnÓgurceg"uvfitfiqrjqpkswg0

Nc"rtkug"fg"uqp"uvfitfiq"rct"eqwrng"pfieguukvg"nÓwvknkucvkqp"fg"fgwz"oketqu"gv"fg"fgwzjcwv/rctngwtu"="ejcswg"oketq"cnkogpvg"wp"JR0"Pqwu"fkuvkpiwqpu"fgwz"rtkpekrgu"fgrtkug"fg"uqp"rct"eqwrngu"<

nc"uvfitfiq"fg"rjcugnc"uvfitfiq"fÓkpvgpukvfi

Stéréo de phase :

procédé AB <Kn"ogv"gp"xcngwt"ngu"fkhhfitgpegu"fg"vgoru"vtflu"eqwtvgu"*oqfkhkcpv"nc"rjcug+"swg"ogv"ncuqwteg"uqpqtg"§"vqwejgt"ngu"fgwz"oketqu"*rwku"ngu"fgwz"qtgknngu+0




Qp"hckv"xctkgt"nÓcping"gv"nÓfiectvgogpv"fgu"oketqu"ectfkq•fgu"uwkxcpv"nc"nctigwt"fg"ncuqwteg"gv"fg"nÓgurceg"tgejgtejfi0"Uk"nÓcping"guv"vtflu"qwxgtv"pqwu"qdvgpqpu"wpg"dqppgnqecnkucvkqp"I1F."ocku"oqkpu"fcpu"nc"rtqhqpfgwt0

Couple AB - ORTF <Kn"c"fivfi"oku"cw"rqkpv"rct"nÓQTVH"gv"rqtvg"uqp"pqo0"Qp"wvknkug"fgwz"oketqu"ectfkq•fgufiectvfiu"fg"39"eo"cxge"wp"cping"fg"3320"Egu"xcngwtu"uÓcrrtqejgpv"fg"nc"fkuvcpegswk"ufirctg"ngu"fgwz"qtgknngu0Egvvg"vgejpkswg"tgrtqfwkv"cuug¦"hkfflngogpv"nc"rgtegrvkqp"jwockpg0

Stéréo d'intensité :

eqwrng"Z["<Ngu"ecruwngu"fgu"oketqu"uqpv"eq•pekfgpvgu"gv"ogvvgpv"gp"xcngwt"nc"fkhhfitgpegfÓkpvgpukvfi"*xqnwog"uqpqtg+"gpvtg"ngu"fgwz"oketqrjqpgu0




Nqtuswg"nc"uqwteg"guv"§"icwejg."eÓguv"ng"oketq"fg"ftqkvg"*fktkifi"xgtu"nc"icwejg+"swktg›qkv"nÓkpvgpukvfi"nc"rnwu"itcpfg0"Qp"hckv"xctkgt"nÓcping"ckpuk"swg"nÓfiectvgogpv"fguecruwngu"rqwt"finctikt"qw"tguugttgt"nÓgurceg"uvfitfiq0"Egvvg"vgejpkswg"guv"wvknkufig"fgrtfihfitgpeg"rqwt"nc"rtkug"fg"uqp"fg"rgvkvu"gpugodngu"qw"fÓkpuvtwogpvu"fg"itcpfguvcknngu0

NÓghhgv"uvfitfiq"guv"oqkpu"rtqpqpefi."ocku"nc"eqorcvkdknkvfi"oqpq"guv"ogknngwtgrwkuswÓgnng"okpkokug"ngu"rtqdnflogu"fg"rjcug"<"ngu"ukipcwz"cttkxgpv"gp"o‒og"vgorucwz"fgwz"oketqu."ocku"§"fgu"kpvgpukvfiu"fkhhfitgpvgu0

Le procédé M/S :

Qp"wvknkug"wp"oketq"ectfkq•fg"*O+"gv"wp"oketq"dkfktgevkqppgn"*gp":"/"U+0

Nc"uqwteg"ug"ukvwg"fcpu"nÓczg"fw"oketq"ectfkq."ng"dkfktgevkqppgn"ecrvg"ngu"eqvfiu0Eg"fkurqukvkh"pfieguukvg"wp"ocvtk›cig"uwt"nc"eqpuqng"<"qp"ofincpig"ng"oketq"ectfkq•fgcxge"ng"dkfktgevkqppgn0"Ng"ukipcn"fw"oketq"O"guv"gpxq{fi"cw"egpvtg"fg"nc"uvfitfiq0"Ngukipcn"fw"oketq"U"guv"gpxq{fi"§"nc"hqku"§"icwejg."gp"rjcug"gv"§"ftqkvg."jqtu"rjcug0Gp"lqwcpv"uwt"ngu"pkxgcwz"fw"oketq"dkfktgevkqppgn."qp"cwiogpvg"qw"tfifwkv"nc"nctigwtfg"nÓgurceg0"Eg"rtqefiffi"guv"cuug¦"wvknkufi"cw"ekpfioc0"Kn"qhhtg"nÓcxcpvcig"fÓwpg"rtkug




fw"uqp"fktgev"uwt"wpg"rkuvg"gv"fg"nÓcodkcpeg"uwt"wpg"cwvtg"rkuvg"cxge"wpg"rquukdknkvfifg"ofincpig"cw"okzcig"gv"fg"tgetfigt"wpg"kocig"uvfitfiqrjqpkswg0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"oketqrjqpgu"@"N)korfifcpeg

L'impédance

NÓkorfifcpeg"fÓwp"oketqrjqpg"guv"uc"tfiukuvcpeg"kpvgtpg."gnng"uÓgzrtkog"gp"QJOU0Les microphones à haute impédance <Eg"uqpv"ngu"oketqrjqpgu"fkvu"Å"cocvgwtu"Ç"fqpv"nÓkorfifcpeg"guv"fÓgpxktqp"72"222qjou"*72"m"qjou+0"Eg"v{rg"fg"oketqrjqpg"pÓcfogv"swg"fgu"e¤dngu"fg"nkckuqp"vtflueqwtvu"*5"§"6"oflvtgu"oczkowo+0"Cw/fgn§."kn"tfiuwnvg"fgu"rgtvgu"korqtvcpvgu"cwzhtfiswgpegu"fingxfigu0

Les microphones à basse impédance <Eg"uqpv"ngu"oketqrjqpgu"rtqhguukqppgnu"fqpv"nÓkorfifcpeg"guv"kphfitkgwtg"§"822"qjou*gp"ifipfitcn"422"qjou+0"Knu"rgtogvvgpv"fgu"nkckuqpu"fg"vtflu"itcpfgu"nqpiwgwtu"*322oflvtgu"gv"rnwu+0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"E¤dncig"gv"eqppgevgwtu"@"Dqweng"fg"ocuug"gv"rtqdnflogufg"tqphngvvg

Boucle de masse et problèmes de ronflette

Ngu"dqwengu"fg"ocuug"ifipfltgpv"fgu"tqphngogpvu"cwfkdngu"fcpu"pqvtg"u{uvflog"fguqpqtkucvkqpGnngu"uqpv"uqwxgpv"rtqxqswfigu"rct"ngu"e¤dngu"fg"nkckuqp0

Nqtuswg"pqwu"kpuvcnnqpu"wp"u{uvflog"fg"uqpqtkucvkqp."ngu"fkhhfitgpvu"crrctgknu"oku"gpqgwxtg"*cornkhkecvgwtu."vcdng"fg"okzcig."rfitkrjfitkswgu"cwfkqÈ+"rquuflfgpv"wp"e¤dngugevgwt"cxge"rtkug"EGK"§"vtqku"eqpfwevgwtu"<"fgwz"rqwt"ng"eqwtcpv"*rjcug"gv"pgwvtg+"gvwp"rqwt"nc"eqppgzkqp"fg"vgttg"qdnkicvqktg"rqwt"nc"ufiewtkvfi"fg"nÓkpuvcnncvkqp"gv"fgurgtuqppgu0"Egvvg"vgttg"guv"eqppgevfig"cwz"ej¤uuku"fg"pqu"crrctgknu0"Rct"cknngwtu."ngwtugpvtfigu"gv"ngwtu"uqtvkgu."nqtuswÓgnngu"uqpv"cu{ofivtkswgu."qpv"wpg"eqppgzkqp"cxge"ncocuug"fingevtkswg."rqkpv"eqoowp"fg"nÓcnkogpvcvkqp"dcuug"vgpukqp"swk"ugtv"fg"tfihfitgpegrqwt"vqwvgu"ngu"vgpukqpu"cwfkq0"Egvvg"ocuug"fingevtkswg"guv"gp"ifipfitcn"tgnkfig"cw"ej¤uukufg"nÓcrrctgkn"gp"wp"rqkpv"swk"fqkv"‒vtg"wpkswg0Nqtuswg"pqwu"eqppgevqpu"pqu"crrctgknu."kn"ug"rtqfwkv"wpg"fqwdng"nkckuqp"gpvtg"nguocuugu"fgu"crrctgknu"rct"nc"vgttg"fw"e¤dng"ugevgwt"gv"rct"ng"dnkpfcig"fgu"eqpfwevgwtucwfkq0"Egvvg"fqwdng"nkckuqp"§"nc"vgttg"etfig"wpg"dqweng"fg"ocuug."uqwteg"fgrgtvwtdcvkqpu"fcpu"pqu"fiswkrgogpvu."ect"fgu"eqwtcpvu"ektewngpv"fcpu"ngu"ej¤uuku"gvrtqfwkugpv"fgu"vgpukqpu"swk"uÓclqwvgpv"cwz"vgpukqpu"cwfkq"eg"swk"rtqxqswg"wptqphngogpv."wp"dtwkv"fg"hqpf0

Solutions

Wvknkugt"fgu"crrctgknu"§"eqppgevkqpu"u{ofivtkswgu0

Wvknkugt"wp"cornkhkecvgwt"fiswkrfi"fÓwp"kpvgttwrvgwt"ufirctcpv"nc"ocuug"fingevtkswg"fg"egnngfw"ej¤uuku0NÓcornkhkecvgwt"tguvg"tgnkfi"§"nc"vgttg"rct"ng"e¤dng"fÓcnkogpvcvkqp"ugevgwt."vcpfku"swg"nceqpvkpwkvfi"fgu"ocuugu"fingevtkswgu"guv"cuuwtfig"rct"ng"dnkpfcig"fw"e¤dng"cwfkq0Wpg"cwvtg"uqnwvkqp"eqpukuvg"§"uwrrtkogt"nc"dqweng"fg"ocuug"gp"kpufitcpv"fcpu"nc"nkckuqpcwfkq."gpvtg"nc"eqpuqng"gv"ngu"cornku."wp"cfcrvcvgwt"ZNT"o¤ng1ZNT"hgognng"q"ncocuug"pÓguv"rcu"eqppgevfig"§"nÓwpg"fgu"gzvtfiokvfiu0Wvknkugt"wp"vtcpuhqtocvgwt"fÓkuqncvkqp"fg"nkipgu0"*Urnkvvgt+

Autre exemple de boucle de masseWp"owukekgp"dtcpejg"uc"iwkvctg"xkc"wpg"dq¶vg"fg"fktgev"*Fk"Dqz+"tgnkfig"§"nc"eqpuqng"fgokzcig"ckpuk"swÓ§"uqp"cornkhkecvgwt"ukvwfi"uwt"ueflpg0"Ngu"fiswkrgogpvu"cwfkq"*vcdng"fgokzcig."cornkuÈ+"uqpv"gwz/cwuuk"eqppgevfiu"§"nc"vgttg"rct"ngwt"eqtfqp"fÓcnkogpvcvkqp0Ng"e¤dng"fg"oqfwncvkqp"cwfkq"ZNT"tgnkcpv"nc"eqpuqng"cw"dq¶vkgt"fg"fktgev"tfiwpkv"nguocuugu"fg"nÓgpugodng"uqpq1owukekgp"<"wpg"dqweng"fg"ocuug"xkgpv"fg"ug"etfigt"swg"nÓqprgwv"tqortg"§"nÓckfg"fÓwp"kpvgttwrvgwt"ffipqoofi"Å"gctvj/nkhv"Ç"*nflxg/vgttg+"rtfixw"§"egvghhgv"uwt"egv"crrctgkn0"Nc"tqphngvvg"fkurctc¶v0




Lignes graduées des éclairages et modulations sonNgu"nkckuqpu"cwfkq"u{ofivtkswgu"rtqvfligpv"tgncvkxgogpv"dkgp"fgu"rctcukvgu"ngu"hckdngupkxgcwz"fg"pqu"oketqrjqpgu."ocku"kn"hcwv"pficpoqkpu"fixkvgt"swÓgnngu"nqpigpv"ngu"nkipgufingevtkswgu"itcfwfigu"*rtqlgevgwtu"uwt"ueflpg"rct"gzgorng0+"Uk"qp"pg"rgwv"rcu"hcktgcwvtgogpv."qp"etqkugtc"ngu"e¤dngunwokfltgu"gv"uqp"uwt"nc"rnwu"eqwtvg"fkuvcpeg"rquukdng0

C"nÓkpuvcnncvkqp."qp"xgknngtc"§"dkgp"ufirctgt"ngu"rcuucigu"fg"e¤dngu"<"qp"rncegtc"rctgzgorng"ngu"itcfcvgwtu"nwokfltg"§"lctfkp"gv"ngu"fiswkrgogpvu"uqp"§"eqwt0

NB <

Kn"ugtc"uqwxgpv"fkhhkekng"fg"ffivgtokpgt"swgnng"guv"nc"eqppgzkqp"swk"rtqxqswg"nc"dqweng"fgocuug0"Kn"hcwftc"ffidtcpejgt"gv"tgdtcpejgt"crrctgkn"crtflu"crrctgkn"chkp"fg"vtqwxgt"swgnfiswkrgogpv"qw"swgnng"nkckuqp"guv"gp"ecwug0Qp"eqwrgtc"nc"dqweng"fg"ocuug"uwt"nc"oqfwncvkqp"§"nÓckfg"fÓfixgpvwgnu"kpvgttwrvgwtu*gctvj/nkhv+"fiswkrcpv"egu"crrctgknu"qw"§"nÓckfg"fÓwp"tceeqtf"cwfkq"fqpv"nc"ocuug"pÓguv"rcueqppgevfig"fÓwp"eqvfi0Ngu"e¤dngu"JR"q"ektewng"wpg"vgpukqp"tgncvkxgogpv"fingxfig."pg"uqpv"rcu"rgtvwtdfiu"rct"ngunkipgu"fingevtkswgu"itcfwfigu"fgu"rtqlgevgwtu0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Fquukgtu"vgejpkswgu"@"Oketqu"ucpu"hkn"qw"JH

Micros sans fil ou HF

Chkp"fg"rgtogvvtg"ngu"ffirncegogpvu"fÓwp"qtcvgwt."owukekgp."ejcpvgwt."eqofifkgpÈucpu"‒vtg"i‒pfi"rct"ng"e¤dng"fw"oketq."pqwu"rqwxqpu"wvknkugt"fgu"u{uvflogu"fgoketqrjqpgu"§"vtcpuokuukqp"JH"*Jcwvgu"Htfiswgpegu+0"Ng"oketqrjqpg"ucpu"hkneqortgpf"wpg"ecruwng"oketqrjqpkswg"*ifipfitcngogpv"f{pcokswg"qw"§"fingevtgv+"ckpukswÓwp"fiogvvgwt"tcfkq/htfiswgpeg"owpk"fÓwpg"cpvgppg"fÓfiokuukqp"swk"fkhhwug"ng"ukipcnfÓwpg"ocpkfltg"qopkfktgevkqppgnng0"Ngu"oketqrjqpgu"rgwxgpv"‒vtg"fw"v{rg"oketq"§ockp."etcxcvg"qw"gpeqtg"tgnkfiu"§"nc"uqtvkg"fÓwp"kpuvtwogpv"fingevtkhkfi"*iwkvctgÈ+Ng"tfiegrvgwt"JH"ecrvg"ng"ukipcn"fw"oketqrjqpg"rct"uqp"cpvgppg"gv"ng"vtcpuogv"§"nceqpuqng"fg"okzcig0

Qp"rgwv"fkuvkpiwgt"fgwz"v{rgu"fg"tfiegrvgwtu"<ngu"tfiegrvgwtu"ukorngu"§"wpg"cpvgppg"gv"wp"tfiegrvgwt0ngu"tfiegrvgwtu"fkxgtukv{"§"fgwz"cpvgppgu"ufirctfigu"gv"fgwz"tfiegrvgwtu0"Knu"uqpveqp›wu"rqwt"okpkokugt"ngu"tkuswgu"fg"Å"vtqwu"JH"Ç"fwu"§"nc"ecrvcvkqp"fgu"qpfgufktgevgu"fg"nÓfiogvvgwt"gv"egnngu"tfihnfiejkgu"rct"ngu"owtu."ng"rnchqpf"gv"vqwv"qduvceng"swkrqwttckgpv"ngu"cppwngt"rct"qrrqukvkqp"fg"rjcug0"Ejcswg"cpvgppg"tg›qkv"wp"ukipcnfkhhfitgpv"gv"it¤eg"§"wp"u{uvflog"fg"ektewkvu"eqorctcvkhu."eÓguv"vqwlqwtu"nÓcpvgppg"swktg›qkv"ng"ukipcn"ng"rnwu"hqtv"swk"guv"eqppgevfig"cw"tfiegrvgwt0Ng"e¤dng"ugtxcpv"§"tgnkgt"ngu"cpvgppgu"/"nqtuswÓgnngu"uqpv"ffirqtvfigu"fw"tfiegrvgwt"/fqkv"‒vtg"fw"e¤dng"eqczkcn"fg"72"qjou"fÓkorfifcpeg0

Optimisation du fonctionnement des micros HF <




Rqwt"fixkvgt"ngu"rtqdnflogu"fg"tfiegrvkqp"JH"*ffietqejcigu."ocwxckug"tfiegrvkqpÈ+."knguv"rtfihfitcdng"fgxgknngt"cw"tgurgev"fgu"rncpu"fgu"htfiswgpegu0kpuvcnngt"ngu"tfiegrvgwtu"qw"ngu"cpvgppgu."§"xwg"fg"nc"¦qpg"fÓwvknkucvkqp"fgu"oketqu"JH0ufirctgt"uwhhkucoogpv"ngu"cpvgppgu"fkxgtukv{0wvknkugt"fw"e¤dng"cpvgppg"crrtqrtkfi"ng"ecu"fiejficpv"*72"qjou+0xfitkhkgt"ng"dqp"fivcv"fgu"cpvgppgu"fÓfiokuukqp"gv"tfiegrvkqp"fqpv"nc"nqpiwgwt"guvcfcrvfig"§"nc"dcpfg"fg"htfiswgpegu"/"qw"§"nc"htfiswgpeg"/"fÓwvknkucvkqp0fixkvgt"swg"nÓcpvgppg"fg"nÓfiogvvgwt"pg"uqkv"gp"eqpvcev"cxge"nc"rgcw"fw"eqofifkgp"*ngeqpvcev"fw"eqtru"gv"nc"vtcpurktcvkqp"eqpuqoogpv"wpg"rctvkg"fg"nc"rwkuucpegfÓfiokuukqp+"Î"wvknkucvkqp"fg"uceqejgu"gp"vkuuw"gv1qw"rncuvkswg"rct"gzgorng0kpuvcnngt"fgu"cpvgppgu"§"ickp"qw"fktgevkxgu"nqtuswÓkn"hcwv"eqwxtkt"wp"nctig"gurceguefipkswg0xfitkhkgt"swÓ§"rtqzkokvfi"fg"nc"ucnng"qw"fw"ukvg."fgu"htfiswgpegu"ugodncdngu"pg"uqkgpvwvknkufigu"*uk"pqvtg"tfiegrvgwt"tg›qkv"wpg"oqfwncvkqp"JH"qw"gpeqtg"uk"qp"gpvgpf"wpcwvtg"oketq"cnqtu"swg"pqvtg"oketq"fiogvvgwt"guv"fivgkpv."egnc"rtqwxg"swg"nc"htfiswgpegguv"ffil§"qeewrfig0"Qp"ejcpigtc"ng"ecpcn"fÓfiokuukqp1tfiegrvkqp"uwt"pqu"crrctgknu"*uÓknugp"uqpv"fiswkrfiu+0wvknkugt"fgu"dcvvgtkgu"pgwxgu"rqwt"ejcswg"tgrtfiugpvcvkqp0

Cvvgpvkqp"<Nqtuswg"nÓqp"ogv"gp"ugtxkeg"rnwukgwtu"oketqu"JH."kn"pg"uwhhkv"rcu"fÓwvknkugt"fguhtfiswgpegu"fkhhfitgpvgu"ngu"wpgu"fgu"cwvtgu0"Kn"guv"kpfkurgpucdng"fg"tgurgevgt"wp"rncpfg"htfiswgpegu"kpfkswcpv"swgnngu"uqpv"ngu"htfiswgpegu"swk"uqpv"eqorcvkdngugpvtg/gnngu0"Eg"rncp"fgxtckv"‒vtg"hqwutpk"rct"ngu"hcdtkecpvu"gv"xgpfgwtu."gv"rgwv"‒vtgeqpuwnvfi"uwt"ngwt"ukvg"kpvgtpgv0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"oketqrjqpgu"@"Ghhgv"fg"rtqzkokvfi

Effet de proximité

NÓimpédance fÓwp"oketqrjqpg"guv"uc"tfiukuvcpeg"kpvgtpg."gnng"uÓgzrtkog"gp OHMU0EÓguv"wp"rjfipqoflpg"swk"ug"rtqfwkv"uwt"ngu"oketqrjqpgu"§"itcfkgpv"fg"rtguukqp"gv"ugvtcfwkv"rct"wp"tgphqtegogpv"fgu"itcxgu"nqtuswg"nc"fkuvcpeg"uqwteg1oketq"guv"vtflueqwtvg"*3"§"42"eo+0"NqtuswÓwp"oketqrjqpg"ectfkq•fg"guv"vgpw"vtflu"rtflu"fgu"nflxtgu"rctgzgorng."ngu"htfiswgpegu"itcxgu"uqpv"ecrvfigu"rnwu"hqtvgogpv"gv"egnc"rgwv"rtqxqswgtfgu"kpeqpxfipkgpvu"§"wpg"dqppg"rtkug"fg"uqp0"Egtvckpu"oketqrjqpgu"uqpv"fiswkrfiufÓwp"téglage d’atténuation des graves *crrgnfi"cwuuk"eqwrg/dcu+"rgtogvvcpv"fgeqorgpugt"egv"ghhgv"fg"rtqzkokvfi"0

Gzgorngu"<"Ugppjgkugt"663."643."Cmi"446È0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Fquukgtu"vgejpkswgu"@"Eqortguukqp

Compression

Nc"eqortguukqp"ugtv"§"tfifwktg"gv"§"oc¶vtkugt"nc"f{pcokswg"*fivgpfwg"fw"ukipcn"fw"rnwuhckdng"cw"rnwu"hqtv+"fÓwp"kpuvtwogpv"qw"fÓwpg"xqkz0"Ng"eqortguugwt"fietcug"rnwu"qwoqkpu"*ugnqp"ngu"tfiincigu+"ng"ukipcn"gv"uwtvqwv"ugu"et‒vgu"gv"cwiogpvg"ckpuk"ncugpucvkqp"fg"rwkuucpeg"uqpqtg0"Kn"fixkvg"fiicngogpv"ngu"uwtejctigu"gv"ngu"fkuvqtukqpu0

Utilisation du compresseur

On l'utilise pour :

tfiiwnctkugt"nc"f{pcokswg"gv"icipgt"gp"ickp"gv"gp"xqnwog"uqpqtg0"Nc"eqortguukqpfqkv"‒vtg"kpcwfkdng0fqppgt"wpg"egtvckpg"eqwngwt"cw"uqp0"NÓghhgv"guv"cw"eqpvtcktg"cwfkdng0nkokvgt"wp"ukipcn"rqwt"rtqvfiigt"cornku."gpegkpvgu."gptgikuvtgwtu."fiogvvgwtuÈ"fguet‒vgu"gv"ucvwtcvkqpu0

Fonctionnement du compresseur

Tfiincigu"ifipfitcngogpv"fkurqpkdngu"uwt"ngu"eqortguugwtu"<Threshold qw seuil <"ffihkpkv"ng"oqogpv"§"rctvkt"fwswgn"ng"eqortguugwt"ug"ogv"gpcevkqp0Ratio <"eÓguv"ng"vcwz"fg"eqortguukqp"*tcrrqtv"gpvtg"ng"ukipcn"fÓgpvtfig"gv"ng"ukipcn"fguqtvkg+0Gzgorngu"<tcvkq"413"<"rqwt"4"fD"swk"gpvtgpv"cw/fgn§"fw"ugwkn."-"3"fDgp"uqtvkg0613"<"rqwt"6"fD"cw/fgn§"fw"ugwkn."-"3"fD"gp"uqtvkg3213"<"3"ugwn"fD"gp"uqtvkg"rqwt"wpg"gpvtfig"fg"32"fD"cw"fgn§"fw"ugwkn0"Qp"eqoogpeg§"rctngt"fg"nkokvgwt0

Softknee qw hardknee <"ffihkpkv"eqoogpv"ng"eqortguugwt"cikv0"Fqwegogpv."wp"rgwcxcpv"ng"ugwkn"gp"uqhvmpgg"*rgpvg"fqweg+"qw"dtwuswgogpv."ukv»v"swg"ng"ugwkn"guvcvvgkpv."rqukvkqp"jctfmpgg"*rgpvg"tckfg+0Attack <"tfling"ng"vgoru"crtflu"ngswgn"nc"eqortguukqp"xc"cikt0"Swgnswguoketq/ugeqpfgu"uk"nÓqp"xgwv"swg"ng"ukipcn"gpvkgt"uqkv"eqortguufi"qw"swgnswguoknnk/ugeqpfgu"uk"nÓqpxgwv"nckuugt"rcuugt"nÓcvvcswg"fg"nÓkpuvtwogpv"*cvvgpvkqp"§"pg"rcuvtqr"ffipcvwtgt"ng"ukipcn"cxge"fgu"cvvcswgu"vtqr"eqwtvgu"="ngu"rtgokfltguoknnk/ugeqpfgu"eqpvkgppgpv"dgcweqwr"fg"tgpugkipgogpvu"uwt"nc"pcvwtg"fw"uqp+0




Release qw retour <"tfling"ng"vgoru"rgpfcpv"ngswgn"nc"eqortguukqp"xc"eqpvkpwgt.crtflu"swg"ng"ukipcn"uqkv"tgfguegpfw"uqwu"ng"ugwkn0"Wp"tgvqwt"vtqr"eqwtv"cuuqekfi"§"wphqtv"vcwz"fg"eqortguukqp"rgwv"gpigpftgt"wp"ghhgv"cwfkdng"fg"rqorcig"uwtvqwv"uwt"nguuqpu"itcxgu"swk"uqpv"cnqtu"fietcufiu"rct"nÓcevkqp"fg"nÓcvvcswg"uwt"ejcswg"rfitkqfg0/"Cwvq"1"ocpwgn"<"rtqrqug"wpg"cevkqp"cwvqocvkswg"fg"nÓcvvcswg"gv"fw"tgvqwt."qw"xqwunckuug"nc"nkdgtvfi"fg"egu"tfiincigu"*rqukvkqp"ocpwgnng+0Output qw gain de sortie <"rgtogv"fg"tgoqpvgt"ng"pkxgcw"fw"ukipcn"crtflueqortguukqp0Bypass <"ogv"gp"qw"jqtu"ugtxkeg"ng"eqortguugwt0"Ugtv"fiicngogpv"§"eqorctgt"ngukipcn"vtckvfi"gv"pqp"vtckvfi0

Tgoctswgu"<Nc"eqortguukqp"guv"§"fixkvgt"ejcswg"hqku"swg"egnc"pÓguv"rcu"wvkngÈ"Cvvgpvkqp"§"pg"rcuvtqr"eqortguugt"§"nc"rtkug"fg"uqp."nÓghhgv"guv"kttfixgtukdng0"Kn"xcwv"okgwz"eqortguugtrnwukgwtu"hqku"§"hckdng"fqug"*gptgikuvtgogpv."okzcig."ocuvgtkpi+0Nqtuswg"nÓqp"eqortguug"wp"ukipcn"uvfitfiq."kn"guv"guugpvkgn"fÓwvknkugt"fgwz"crrctgknukfgpvkswgu"gv"uqnkfcktgu."qw"okgwz."wp"crrctgkn"uvfitfiqrjqpkswg"fqpv"ngu"fgwz"ecpcwzuqpv"rcthckvgogpv"eqwrnfiu"*nkpm+"chkp"fg"pg"rcu"ffiufiswknkdtgt"wp"ugwn"eqvfi"fw"ukipcnuvfitfiq"§"nÓcrrctkvkqp"fÓwpg"et‒vg"uwt"eg"e»vfi0"Eqwrnfiu."ngu"4"ukipcwz"ugtqpv"cnqtutfifwkvu"fg"ocpkfltg"kfgpvkswg"gv"nÓkocig"uvfitfiq"guv"ockpvgpwg0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Fquukgtu"vgejpkswgu"@"Nc"pwofitkucvkqp"fw"uqp

La numérisation du son

Nc"swcnkvfi"fw"ukipcn"cwfkq"guv"fivtqkvgogpv"nkfig"§"egnng"fw"uwrrqtv0"Ng"ukipcn"cpcnqikswguwrrqtvg"ocn"ngu"eqrkgu"gv"ngu"ocpkrwncvkqpu"<"kn"ug"ffiitcfg"rtqitguukxgogpv."rct"rgtvgfÓkphqtocvkqp0

Ng"rtqefiffi"REO"*Rwnug"Eqfgf"Oqfwncvkqp+"c"fivfi"kpxgpvfi"fcpu"ngu"cppfigu"3;42"rct"ncuqekfivfi"Dgnn"Vgngrjqp"*WUC+."chkp"fÓcwiogpvgt"ng"ffidkv"fgu"nkipgu"vfinfirjqpkswgu0"Ngurtgokfltgu"crrnkecvkqpu"§"itcpfg"fiejgnng"pÓqpv"xw"ng"lqwt"swÓ§"rctvkt"fgu"cppfigu"3;82rqwt"nc"vfinfirjqpkg"gv"ngu"cppfigu"92/:2"rqwt"nÓcwfkq0"Ng"ukipcn"pwofitkswg"guv"fkueqpvkpw<"kn"pÓguv"rcu"ffihkpk"§"vqwv"kpuvcpv."pk"rqwt"vqwvgu"ngu"cornkvwfgu0"Kn"ug"rtfiugpvg"uqwu"nchqtog"fÓwpg"nkuvg"fg"pqodtgu."eqffig"gp"dkpcktg"*2"gv"3+0

Échantillonnage et quantification

Échantillonnage

Ngu"xkdtcvkqpu"uqpqtgu"uqpv"vtcpuhqtofigu"gp"nkuvg"fg"pqodtgu"it¤eg"§"wp"eqpxgtvkuugwtCpcnqikswg1Pwofitkswg"*C1F+0

Ng"eqpxgtvkuugwt"rtfinflxg"fgu"xcngwtu"fw"ukipcn"§"fgu"kpvgtxcnngu"fg"vgoru"tfiiwnkgtu"gvngu"vtcpuhqtog"gp"pqodtg"dkpcktg0"Kn"pg"nkv"rcu"vqwvg"nc"eqwtdg."ocku"ugwngogpvswgnswgu"fiejcpvknnqpu0

Ng"pqodtg"fÓfixflpgogpvu"nwu"rct"ugeqpfg"pqwu"fqppg"nc"htfiswgpeg"fÓfiejcpvknnqppcig0Egvvg"htfiswgpeg"fqkv"‒vtg"uwhhkucoogpv"itcpfg."chkp"fg"rtfiugtxgt"nc"hqtog"qtkikpcng"fwukipcn0

Ng"vjfiqtflog"fg"P{swkuv/Ujcppqp"fkv"swg"nc"htfiswgpeg"fÓfiejcpvknnqppcig"fqkv"‒vtg




fiicng"qw"uwrfitkgwtg"§"4"hqku"nc"htfiswgpeg"oczkocng"eqpvgpwg"fcpu"eg"ukipcn0

Pqvtg"qtgknng"rgt›qkv"ngu"uqpu"lwuswÓgpxktqp"42"222"J¦0"Nc"htfiswgpeg"fÓfiejcpvknnqppcigfqkv"‒vtg"cw"oqkpu"fg"nÓqtftg"fg"62"222"J¦0

Fréquences d’échantillonnage normalisées <

54"mJ¦"rqwt"nc"tcfkq"HO"gp"pwofitkswg"*nc"dcpfg"rcuucpvg"guv"cnqtu"tfifwkvg"§"37"mJ¦+6603"mJ¦.";8"mJ¦"rqwt"nÓcwfkq"rtqhguukqppgn"gv"ngu"EF6:"mJ¦"rqwt"ngu"gptgikuvtgwtu"pwofitkswgu"rtqhguukqppgnu"gv"nÓgptgikuvtgogpv"itcpfrwdnke"FCV."Okpk"fkueÈ

Quantification

Gp"cpcnqikswg."vqwvgu"ngu"xcngwtu"fÓcornkvwfg"uqpv"rquukdngu"="eg"pÓguv"rcu"ng"ecu"gppwofitkswg"q"kn"{"c"swcpvkhkecvkqp0"Crtflu"cxqkt"ffieqwrfi"ng"ukipcn"gp"fiejcpvknnqpu."kn"hcwvngu"oguwtgt"gv"ngwt"fqppgt"wpg"xcngwt"pwofitkswg"gp"hqpevkqp"fg"ngwt"cornkvwfg0Rqwt"egnc"qp"ffihkpkv"wp"kpvgtxcnng"fg"P"xcngwtu"fguvkpfi"§"eqwxtkt"nÓgpugodng"fgu"xcngwturquukdngu0"Eg"pqodtg"P"guv"eqffi"gp"dkpcktg"uwt":."38."42"qw"46"dkvu"ugnqp"nc"tfiuqnwvkqpfw"eqpxgtvkuugwt"C1P0"NÓcornkvwfg"fg"ejcswg"fiejcpvknnqp"guv"cnqtu"tgrtfiugpvfi"rct"wppqodtg"gpvkgt0"Ng"pqodtg"fg"dkvu"nkokvg"nc"rtfiekukqp"fw"eqfcig0"Rnwu"ng"pqodtg"fg"dkvuwvknkufiu"ugtc"itcpf."ogknngwtg"ugtc"nc"tguugodncpeg"cxge"ng"ukipcn"qtkikpcn0

EqfcigÈ

:"dkvu"?"4"rwkuucpeg":"uqkv"478"xcngwtu38"dkvu"?"4"rwkuucpeg"38"uqkv"87"758"xcngwtu42"dkvu"?"4"rwkuucpeg"42"uqkv"3"26:"798"xcngwtu46"dkvu"?"4"rwkuucpeg"46"uqkv"38"999"438"xcngwtu

Ngu"u{uvflogu"itcpf"rwdnke"cevwgnu"*EF."FCV+"vtcxcknngpv"cxge"38"dkvu."uqkv"87"758pkxgcwz"*fg"Î"54"98:"§"-"54"989+0Ng"uvcpfctf"fgu"pqwxgnngu"ocejkpgu"rtqhguukqppgnngu"ckpuk"swg"fw"FXF"ugtc"fg"<"46dkvu"Î";8"mJ¦0"Egu"ectcevfitkuvkswgu"rgtogvvgpv"fÓcofinkqtgt"nc"f{pcokswg"gv"nc"dcpfgrcuucpvg"fgu"ukipcwz"cwfkq."cxge"wpg"tgrtqfwevkqp"gpeqtg"rnwu"rtqejg"fg"nc"tficnkvfivqwv"gp"c{cpv"nc"rquukdknkvfi"fg"ug"nkxtgt"§"fgu"vtckvgogpvu"pwofitkswgu"rnwu"uqrjkuvkswfiu.gv"egek"ucpu"ffiitcfgt"ng"ukipcn0Ng"pqodtg"fg"dkvu"ffihkpkv"fiicngogpv"nÓcornkvwfg"f{pcokswg"fw"ukipcn"*8"fD1dkv+"<"Wpgtfiuqnwvkqp"fg":"dkvu"fqppgtc"wpg"f{pcokswg"oczkocng"fg":"z"8"?"6:"fD"=

38"dkvu"<"38"z"8"?";8"fD"=46"dkvu"<"46"z"8"?"366"fD0

Rnwu"nÓgpeqfcig"guv"korqtvcpv."rnwu"nc"f{pcokswg"ugtc"fingxfig"gv"ng"dtwkv"fg"hqpf"nkokvfi0

Restitution et filtrage des signaux numériques

Ng"ukipcn"pwofitkswg"pÓc"rnwu"nc"dgnng"cnnwtg"fw"ukipcn"cpcnqikswg."ect"kn"pÓguv"ffihkpk




swÓgp"egtvckpu"rqkpvu0"NÓcnnwtg"v{rkswg"fÓwp"ukipcn"fiejcpvknnqppfi"guv"gp"hqtog"fgoctejgu"fÓguecnkgt"rwkuswÓkn"uÓcikv"fÓwpg"nkuvg"fg"ejkhhtgu"*66"322"rct"ugeqpfg"gv"-"qw"Î54"989"pkxgcwz"fÓcornkvwfg"gp"38"dkvu+0

Signal analogique

signal échantillonnée

Rqwt"tgfqppgt"wpg"dgnng"cnnwtg"cw"ukipcn."kn"hcwv"ng"hknvtgt"*ng"nkuugt+"§"nÓckfg"fÓwp"hknvtgrcuug/dcu0Eg"hknvtcig"rgwv/‒vtg"tficnkufi"fg"hc›qp"cpcnqikswg."cxge"fgu"ektewkvu"fingevtqpkswgu0Kn"guv"vqwvghqku"rnwu"rgthqtocpv"gv"rnwu"rtqrtg"fg"tficnkugt"wp"hknvtcig"pwofitkswg"rctkpvgtrqncvkqp."§"nÓckfg"fg"ektewkvu"kpvfiitfiu"urfiekcnkufiu0"Egvvg"qrfitcvkqp"uÓcrrgnng"Åuwt/fiejcpvknnqppcig"qw"qxgtucornkpi"Ç0"Å"6"vkog"qxgtucornkpi"Ç"*"uwt/fiejcpvknnqppcig6"hqku+"kpfkswg"nÓghhkecekvfi"gv"nc"uqrjkuvkecvkqp"fw"ektewkv"kpvfiitfi0"Qp"rgwv"cnngt"cwlqwtfÓjwklwuswÓ§"wp"uwt/fiejcpvknnqppcigfg"34:"hqku0

Transmission du son numérique <Pqtog"CGU1GDW"<"hqtocv"rtqhguukqppgn."vtcpuokuukqp"fw"ukipcn"uvfitfiq"uwt"wp"e¤dngu{ofivtkswg"gp"ZNT0Hqtocv"URFKH"<"hqtocv"itcpf/rwdnke"oku"cw"rqkpv"rct"Uqp{"gv"Rjknkru."eqppgzkqp"rcte¤dng"eqczkcn"cu{ofivtkswg"*cxge"eqppgevgwt"ekpej+"qw"qrvkswg0Hqtocv"VFKH"<"hqtocv"rtqhguukqppgn"cw"uvcpfctf"Vcueco"*Vcueco"Fkikvcn"Kpvgthceg+0Hqtocv"CFCV"<"hqtocv"rtqhguukqppgn"fg"vtcpuokuukqp"fg":"ecpcwz"gp"hkdtg"qrvkswg0




Taille mémoire occupée par le son numérique <Wp"gptgikuvtgogpv"6603"mJ¦."38"dkvu."gp"uvfitfiq"qeewrg"gpxktqp"32"Oq"rct"okpwvg0

Avantages du numérique <Nc"f{pcokswg"*rncig"fgu"cornkvwfgu"tgrtqfwkvgu"fg"vtkrng"rkcpq"§"vtkrng"hqtvg+"gv"ncdcpfg"rcuucpvg"*rncig"fgu"htfiswgpegu"tgrtqfwkvgu+"uqpv"vtflu"dqppgu0Ng"ukipcn"fivcpv"eqffi"uqwu"hqtog"fg"pqodtgu."ngu"rctcukvgu"qw"dtwkvu"fg"hqpffingevtkswgu"qw"ofiecpkswgu"pÓqpv"rnwu"fÓkphnwgpeg"uwt"nc"swcnkvfi"fw"uqp0Nc"eqrkg."ng"vtckvgogpv"gv"nc"ofioqtkucvkqp"fw"ukipcn"pÓgpvtc¶pgpv"rcu"fg"rgtvg"fgswcnkvfi0Qp"rgwv"hcktg"rnwukgwtu"eqrkgu"pwofitkswgu."ucpu"ffiitcfcvkqp"pqvqktg"fw"ukipcn0Gp"ecu"fÓgttgwt"fg"ngevwtg"fwgu"cwz"ffihgevwqukvfiu"fwuwrrqtv."cwz"ucngvfiu."cwz"tc{wtgu.cwz"gortgkpvgu"fgfqkivu."cwz"hnwevwcvkqpu"ofiecpkswgu"*dcncfgwtu+."fgu"ektewkvu"fgffivgevkqp"gv"fg"eqttgevkqp"fÓgttgwtu"gpvtgpv"cwvqocvkswgogpv"gp"ugtxkeg0

Conclusion <Ng"uqp"pwofitkswg"fgocpfg"wpg"fqwdng"eqpxgtukqp"<Analogique -> Numérique - Numérique -> Analogique

Pqvg"rqwt"ckfgt"§"nc"eqortfijgpukqp"<Qp"rgwv"eqorctgt"ng"uqp"pwofitkswg"§"wp"cuugodncig"fg"rgvkvu"ewdgu"fg"dqku0Ng"hknvtcig"eqttgurqpf"cw"rcrkgt"fg"xgttg"gv"§"nÓgpfwkv"fg"tgdqwejcig"swk"xc"rgtogvvtgfÓcttqpfkt"ngu"cpingu0"Ng"uwt/fiejcpvknnqppcig"Z"hqku"eqttgurqpf"cw"itckp"fw"rcrkgt"fgxgttg"<"rnwu"ng"itckp"ugtc"hkp"gv"rnwu"nc"uwthceg"hkpcng"ugtc"nkuug0

Les étapes de captation et de restitution du son sont et resteront toujoursanalogiques :le son est un phénomène analogique par essence.On ne pourra jamais se passer de microphones, de haut-parleurs ou de casques!




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"oketqrjqpgu"@"Rtkpekrcwz"v{rgu"fg"oketqrjqpgu"@Rtkpekrcwz"v{rgu"fg"oketqrjqpgu

Les principaux types de microphones

C"ejcswg"ukvwcvkqp"eqttgurqpf"wpg"vgejpqnqikg"fg"oketqrjqpg"gv"wp"v{rg"fg"oketq"<oketq"f{pcokswg"qw"uvcvkswg."§"fingevtgv"qw"§"¦qpg"fg"rtguukqpÈ"Ng"oketq"wpkxgtugnpÓgzkuvg"rcu"gv"ng"tfiikuugwt"uckv"ejqkukt"uqp"oketq"gp"hqpevkqp"fg"nÓwucig0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"oketqrjqpgu"@"Rtkpekrcwz"v{rgu"fg"oketqrjqpgu"@"Ngoketqrjqpg"fingevtqf{pcokswg"§"dqdkpg"oqdkng

Le microphone électrodynamique à bobine mobile

Kn"wvknkug"wpg"dqdkpg"fg"ewkxtg"gv"wpg"uqwteg"ocipfivkswg"*ckocpv+0Nc"dqdkpg."uqnkfcktg"fg"nc"ogodtcpg."guv"rncefig"fcpu"ng"ejcor"ocipfivkswg"fgnÓckocpv0"Ejcswg"oqwxgogpv"ofiecpkswg"fg"nc"ogodtcpg"guv"vtcfwkv"gp"vgpukqpfingevtkswg0Eg"oketqrjqpg"c"nÓcxcpvcig"fÓ‒vtg"tqdwuvg"gv"fg"uwrrqtvgt"fg"vtflu"jcwvupkxgcwz"fg"rtguukqp"ceqwuvkswg0"Kn"guv"rgw"ugpukdng"cw"xgpv"qw"§"nÓjwokfkvfi."ockuugpukdng"cwz"ejcoru"ocipfivkswgu0"Qp"pqvg"gp"tgxcpejg"wpg"rgtvg"fg"ffihkpkvkqpfcpu"ngu"htfiswgpegu"ckiw†u"*§"rctvkt"fg"37"mJ¦+"="uc"tfirqpug"cwz"vtcpukvqktgu"guv"vtfluoq{gppg0




Wvknkucvkqp"<eg"oketq"vtqwxgtc"uc"rnceg"uwt"ueflpg"qnc"swcnkvfi"fw"uqp"guv"oqkpu"korqtvcpvgswÓgp"uvwfkq0"Ngu"oketqu"cfcrvfiu"§"nc"xqkzqpv"wpg"eqwtdg"fg"tfirqpug"tgoqpvfig"xgtu7"222"J¦"rqwt"fqppgt"wpg"ogknngwtgkpvgnnkikdknkvfi"gv"rtqrqugpv"ifipfitcngogpv"wphknvtg"cpvkxgpv"gv"rqr"*cvvfipwcvkqp"fgurnqukxgu"gv"fgu"ukhhncpvgu+0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"oketqrjqpgu"@"Rtkpekrcwz"v{rgu"fg"oketqrjqpgu"@"Ngoketqrjqpg"§"twdcp

Le microphone à ruban

Fg"nc"hcoknng"fgu"oketqrjqpgu"fingevtqf{pcokswgu."nc"dqdkpg"guv"tgorncefig"rct"wptwdcp"gp"cnwokpkwo"ugtxcpv"§"nc"hqku"fg"ogodtcpg"gv"fg"dqdkpg0

Ng"twdcp"hkzfi"§"ugu"4"gzvtfiokvfiu"guv"rncefi"fcpu"wp"ejcor"ocipfivkswg"rgtocpgpv0"Knrgwv"queknngt"uqwu"nc"rtguukqp"ceqwuvkswg"eg"swk"hckv"crrctc¶vtg"wpg"vgpukqp"§"ugugzvtfiokvfiu0Wvknkucvkqp"<"eg"v{rg"fg"oketq"guv"vtflu"htcikng."ugpukdng"cw"xgpv"gv"cwz"dtwkvu"fgocpkrwncvkqp0"Qp"nÓwvknkug"rqwt"nc"rtkug"fg"uqp"fg"egtvckpgu"xqkz"qw"kpuvtwogpvuceqwuvkswgu0Gzgorngu"<"Dg{gt"O382."OfinqfkwoÈ




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"oketqrjqpgu"@"Rtkpekrcwz"v{rgu"fg"oketqrjqpgu"@"Ngoketqrjqpg"fingevtquvcvkswg

Le microphone électrostatique

Kn"wvknkug"wp"u{uvflog"fingevtquvcvkswg"rqwt"vtcpuhqtogt"nÓfipgtikg"ofiecpkswg"fg"ncogodtcpg"gp"fipgtikg"fingevtkswg0Nc"ogodtcpg"hqtog"wpg"fingevtqfg"fÓwp"eqpfgpucvgwt."nÓcwvtg"ogodtcpg"fivcpv"hkzg0NÓfingevtqfg"oqdkng"guv"ugpukdng"§"nc"rtguukqp"ceqwuvkswg"gv"rtqxqswg"wpg"xctkcvkqpfg"nc"ecrcekvfi"fw"eqpfgpucvgwt"hqtofi"rct"egu"fgwz"fingevtqfgu0"Wpg"vgpukqp"eqpvkpwgguv"crrnkswfig"§"eg"eqpfgpucvgwt"gv"nqtuswÓwpg"qpfg"ceqwuvkswg"xkgpv"cikt"uwt"ncogodtcpg."kn"gp"tfiuwnvg"wpg"xctkcvkqp"fg"fkuvcpeg"gpvtg"ngu"fingevtqfgu"eg"swkrtqxqswg"wpg"xctkcvkqp"fg"ecrcekvfi"swk"gpigpftg"wpg"vgpukqp"§"nc"uqtvkg0"Ng"hckdngukipcn"fg"uqtvkg"guv"fingxfi"rct"wp"rtficornkhkecvgwt"swk"pfieguukvg"wpg"cnkogpvcvkqpgzvgtpg"hqwtpkg"rct"nc"vcdng"fg"okzcig"xkc"ng"e¤dng"oketq"*cnkogpvcvkqp"hcpv»og"6:xqnvu+"qw"rct"wpg"rkng"kpufitfig"fcpu"ng"oketq0

Eg"u{uvflog"rgtogv"wpg"itcpfg"ugpukdknkvfi"fcpu"ngu"ckiwu"ocku"fiicngogpv"fcpu"ngudcuugu0"Uc"tfirqpug"cwz"vtcpukvqktgu"guv"gzegnngpvg0"Knu"uqpv"gp"tgxcpejg"cuug¦htcikngu"gv"pg"uwrrqtvgpv"rcu"ngu"ejqeu"pk"ng"xgpv"gv"nqtuswÓqp"ngu"wvknkug"gp"gzvfitkgwtknu"fgxtqpv"‒vtg"fiswkrfiu"fg"dqppgvvgu"cpvk/xgpv0"Ngwt"ogodtcpg"fingevtquvcvkswg"cvvktgnc"rqwuukfltg"gv"etckpv"nÓjwokfkvfi0

Wvknkucvkqp"<"oketq"vtflu"rqn{xcngpv."jcwv"fg"icoog0Gzgorngu"<"Ujwtg"UO:3."Cmi"673."ugppjgkugt




OMJ62.Pgwocpp"MO3:6."UejqgruÈ




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"oketqrjqpgu"@"Rtkpekrcwz"v{rgu"fg"oketqrjqpgu"@"Ngoketqrjqpg"fingevtquvcvkswg"§"fingevtgv

Le microphone électrostatique à électret

Eg"oketqrjqpg"hckv"rctvkg"fg"nc"hcoknng"fgu"oketqu"fingevtquvcvkswgu"§"eqpfgpucvgwt0Nc"fkhhfitgpeg"tfiukfg"fcpu"ng"hckv"swg"nc"ogodtcpg"*gp"ocvkfltg"rncuvkswg"vgnng"swgvfihnqp"qw"o{nct+"guv"rqnctkufig"nqtu"fg"uc"hcdtkecvkqp0"Cxge"ng"vgoru."uc"ejctiguÓcvvfipwg"eg"swk"nkokvg"uc"fwtfig"fg"xkg0"Kn"pfieguukvg"wpg"cnkogpvcvkqp"hcpv»og"rqwtcnkogpvgt"uqp"rtficornkhkecvgwt00

Wvknkucvkqpu"<"uc"okpkcvwtkucvkqp"hckv"swÓqp"ng"vtqwxg"uqwu"fg"pqodtgwugu"gv"fkhhfitgpvguhqtogu"*oketqu"etcxcvgu."§"rkpegu"rqwt"uÓcfcrvgt"hcekngogpv"§"egtvckpu"kpuvtwogpvurqwt"wpg"rtkug"fg"uqp"fg"rtqzkokvfi"<"ewkxtgu."rgtewuukqpu."xgpvu000+Kn"guv"tgncvkxgogpv"dqp"octejfi"gv"fg"swcnkvfi"crrtqejcpv"ngu"oketqu"fingevtquvcvkswgu"§eqpfgpucvgwt"0"Qp"nÓwvknkugtc"ugnqp"ngu"rctvkewnctkvfiu"fg"ejcswg"oqfflng."ngwtueqwtdgu"fg"tfirqpug"xctkcpv"ugnqp"nc"hcdtkecvkqp0Gzgorngu"<"Ugppjgkugt"OMG4."OG324.326."Ujwtg"UO;:."CMI62:.62;.836È0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"oketqrjqpgu"@"Rtkpekrcwz"v{rgu"fg"oketqrjqpgu"@"Ngoketqrjqpg"§"¦qpg"fg"rtguukqp

Le microphone à zone de pression

Rqwt"hqwtpkt"wp"ukipcn."ng"oketqrjqpg"§"¦qpg"fg"rtguukqp"fqkv"‒vtg"rncefi"uwt"wpguwthceg"rncpg"*ueflpg."vcdng."owt00+"q"nc"rtguukqp"ceqwuvkswg"guv"oczkocng0"Nctfirqpug"fcpu"ngu"itcxgu"fg"eg"oketqrjqpg"ffirgpf"fg"nc"vcknng"fg"nc"uwthceg"uwtncswgnng"kn"guv"rqufi0"Uc"ecruwng"guv"ifipfitcngogpv"§"fingevtgv0

Wvknkucvkqpu"<"fg"rctv"uc"fkuetfivkqp."qp"nÓwvknkug"vtflu"uqwxgpv"cw"ekpfioc."§"nc"vfinfixkukqp.cw"vjfi¤vtg"q"eg"ecrvgwt"ug"fkuukowng"ckufiogpv."ocku"cwuuk"gp"rtkug"fg"uqp"fgegtvckpu"kpuvtwogpvu"ceqwuvkswgu0

Gzgorngu"<"R¥O"Etqyp."Ujwtg"UO;3È0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"oketqrjqpgu"@"Rtkpekrcwz"v{rgu"fg"oketqrjqpgu"@"Ngoketqrjqpg"fingevtqocipfivkswg

Le microphone électromagnétique

Qp"ng"vtqwxg"pqvcoogpv"uwt"ngu"iwkvctgu"fingevtkswgu0

Kn"guv"eqpuvkvwfi"fÓwp"rgvkv"ckocpv"rgtocpgpv"gpvqwtfi"fÓwp"dqdkpcig"rncefi"uqwuejcswg"eqtfg0"Nc"xkdtcvkqp"fg"nc"eqtfg"hckv"xctkgt"ng"ejcor"ocipfivkswg"gv"etfig"wpgvgpukqp"cwz"dqtpgu"fg"nc"dqdkpg0"Kn"rquuflfg"wpg"xku"fg"tfiincig"swk"rgtogv"fg"tfiingtng"ejcor"ocipfivkswg"fg"nÓckocpv."fqpe"nc"vgpukqp"tfiuwnvcpvg"rqwt"fiswknkdtgt"ngxqnwog"fg"ejcswg"eqtfg0

Kn"guv"vqvcngogpv"kpugpukdng"§"nc"rtguukqp"ceqwuvkswg"gv"qp"rtfihfltgtc"wvknkugt"ng"oqvecrvgwt"rqwt"ffiukipgt"eg"v{rg"fg"vtcpufwevgwt0




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"oketqrjqpgu"@"Rtkpekrcwz"v{rgu"fg"oketqrjqpgu"@"Ngoketqrjqpg"fg"eqpvcev

Le microphone de contact

EÓguv"wp"ecrvgwt"§"eqpfgpucvgwt"fqpv"nc"ogodtcpg"ug"eqnng"uwt"nÓkpuvtwogpv0

Kn"ghhgevwg"wpg"vtcpuhqtocvkqp"fg"nc"xkdtcvkqp"fg"nÓkpuvtwogpv"<"fipgtikg"ofiecpkswg"//@fipgtikg"fingevtkswg0"Kn"guv"rgw"ugpukdng"§"nc"rtguukqp"ceqwuvkswg"gv"rgtogv"wpg"dqppgkuqncvkqp"fg"nÓkpuvtwogpv"xku"§"xku"fw"uqp"codkcpv"gv"gp"hcxqtkug"nÓcvvcswg0"Nc"eqwtdgfg"tfirqpug"fg"eg"v{rg"fg"ecrvgwt"guv"oqkpu"dqppg"fcpu"ngu"itcxgu"gv"fcpu"nguckiwu0

Wvknkucvkqpu"<"qp"ng"vtqwxg"ejcswg"hqku"swÓwpg"kuqncvkqp"ceqwuvkswg"oczkocng"rcttcrrqtv"§"fÓcwvtgu"kpuvtwogpvu"gpxktqppcpvu"guv"fgocpffig."uwt"ueflpg"gv"gp"uvwfkq*rkcpq."iwkvctg."eqpvtgdcuugÈ+0

Gzgorngu"<"E/Fwegt."UjgtvngtÈ




Uqpqtkucvkqp"@"Vgejpqnqikg"@"Ngu"oketqrjqpgu"@"Rtkpekrcwz"v{rgu"fg"oketqrjqpgu"@"Ncdq¶vg"fg"fktgev"*fk"dqz+

La boîte de direct (di box)

Eg"pÓguv"rcu"wp"oketqrjqpg0

Nc"dqkvg"fg"fktgev"guv"wp"crrctgkn"ejctifi"fg"u{ofivtkugt"wp"ukipcn"cu{ofivtkswg0"Ncnkckuqp"u{ofivtkswg"§"dcuug"korfifcpeg"rgtogv"fg"xfijkewngt"wp"ukipcn"uwt"fg"nqpiwgufkuvcpegu"cnqtu"swg"nc"nkckuqp"cu{ofivtkswg"jcwvg"korfifcpeg"pg"ng"rgtogv"rcu0

Nc"dqkvg"fg"fktgev"rtqrqug"fiicngogpv"wp"cvvfipwcvgwt"rqwt"ngu"ukipcwz"vtqr"hqtvu.ckpuk"swÓwp"kpvgttwrvgwt"rqwt"tqortg"wpg"fixgpvwgnng"dqweng"fg"ocuug"gpvtg"wpkpuvtwogpv"fingevtkhkfi"ukvwfi"uwt"ueflpg"gv"nc"eqpuqng"ukvwfig"gp"ucnng0"Qp"vtqwxg"wpg"rtkuglcem"cu{ofivtkswg"rqwt"gpvtgt"nÓkpuvtwogpv."wpg"uqtvkg"ZNT"u{ofivtkswg"rqwt"cnngt"uwtwpg"gpvtfig"oketqrjqpg"fg"nc"eqpuqng."wpg"cwvtg"rtkug"lcem"rqwt"tguuqtvkt"xgtunÓcornkhkecvgwt"fw"owukekgp0Qp"vtqwxg"fgu"oqfflngu"rcuukhu"§"dcug"fg"vtcpuhqtocvgwtu"gv"fgu"oqfflngu"§fingevtqpkswg"cevkxg0

Wvknkucvkqpu"<"dtcpejgogpv"uwt"nc"eqpuqng"fg"okzcig"fg"u{pvjfivkugwtu.iwkvctguÈukvwfigu"uwt"ueflpg0

Gzgorngu"<"DUU."UEX."JwfuqpÈ




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