Technician License Course Chapter 3 Lesson Plan Module 6 – Electrical Components.
Transcript of Technician License Course Chapter 3 Lesson Plan Module 6 – Electrical Components.
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Technician License CourseChapter 3
Lesson Plan Module 6 –Electrical Components
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Electronics – Controlling the Flow of Current
• To make an electronic device (like a radio) do something useful (like a receiver), we need to control and manipulate the flow of current.
• There are a number of different electronic components that are used to do this.
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Schematic Diagrams
• We can draw pictures of electronic components forming circuits, such as for the parallel and series circuit examples. This is too cumbersome for most circuits.
• Schematic diagrams use symbols with different components, each having a different symbol.
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Schematic Diagrams
The lines and dots on schematics represent electrical connections between the components.
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The Resistor
• The function of a resistor is to restrict the flow of current.
• Remember Ohm’s Law:
I = E / R
E = I R
• Schematic symbol
Arrow indicates adjustable value, such as for a volume control.
Potentiometeror “Pot”
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The Capacitor
• The function of a capacitor is to store electrical energy – called capacitance.– Acts like a battery– Stores energy in an electric
field created by voltage between the electrodes with insulating dielectric material between them
• Schematic symbol
Electrodes
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The Inductor• The function of an
inductor is to store magnetic energy – called inductance.– A coil of wire around a
core of air or magnetic material like iron or ferrite
– Stores energy in a magnetic field created by current in the wire
• Schematic symbol
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The Transformer
• A pair of inductors sharing a common core– Also share their magnetic
field– Used to transfer energy
from one circuit to another without a direct connection
– Changes the ratio of voltage and current
• Schematic symbol
Core
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Electrical Units
• Each type of component has a value measured in specific units:• Resistors > resistance > ohms (Ω)• Capacitors > capacitance > farads (F)• Inductors > inductance > henrys (H)
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Component Designators
• Each schematic symbol has a designator to denote which component it refers to. For example, the 10th resistor in a circuit is R10.
• Resistors (R), capacitors (C), inductors (L).
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Indicators and Displays
• Indicators communicate status• ON/OFF, ready/stand-by, left/right• LEDs, light bulbs, symbols, audio tones
• Displays communicate values or text• Numeric values, warnings, messages• Digital and analog meters, LCD screens
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Reactance• Capacitors and inductors store energy, rather
than dissipating it like resistors.• Energy storage creates an effect called
reactance (symbol X) that acts like a resistance in opposing the flow of ac current.• Capacitors create capacitive reactance (XC ) • Inductors create inductive reactance (XL )• The effects of each are complementary
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Impedance• The combination of resistance (R) and
reactance (X) is called impedance, represented by the symbol Z.
• Impedance represents a circuit’s opposition to both ac and dc currents.
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Resonance• A component’s reactance depends on
frequency: XL increases with frequency while XC decreases.
• At the frequency for which a circuit’s XL and XC are equal, their effects cancel. This is the circuit’s resonant frequency.
• At resonance, a circuit has only resistance, which affects ac and dc current equally.
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Resonant or Tuned Circuit
• Capacitors and inductors connected together create a tuned circuit.• When XL and XC are
equal, the circuit is resonant.
• If C or L are adjustable the resonant frequency can be varied or tuned.
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Semiconductor Components• Made of material like silicon that are “OK”
conductors but not as good as metals.• Impurities added to semiconductors create
material with more than usual electrons (N-type) and fewer than usual (P-type) electrons.
• Structures of N and P material can control current flow through the semiconductor.
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The Diode• Allows current to flow
in only one direction.– Two electrodes: anode
and cathode– AC current is changed
to varying pulses of dc – called rectification
– Diodes used to change ac power to dc power are called rectifiers
• Schematic symbol• Designator (D or CR)
Anode Cathode
Arrowsindicate light (LED)
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The Transistor• The function of a
transistor is to control large signals with small ones.– An “electronically
controlled current valve”– When used as an amplifier
a transistor produces gain– Transistors can also be
used as a switch
• Schematic symbol• Designator (Q)
Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)
Field-Effect Transistor (FET)
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The Transistor• The Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) has three
layers of N or P material connected to electrodes:
• Depending on the arrangement of layers, a BJT is either an NPN or PNP transistor.
Collector
Collector
Emitter
Base
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The Transistor• The Field-Effect Transistor (FET) has a
conducting path or channel of N and P material connected to the drain and source electrodes.
• Voltage applied to the gate electrode controls current through the channel.
Drain
Source
Gate
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The Integrated Circuit
• The integrated circuit is a collection of components contained in one device that accomplishes a specific task.
• Schematic symbol• Designator (IC or U)
D Q
Q
CLK
+
_
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Protective Components
• Fuses and circuit breakers are designed to remove power in case ofa circuit overload.– Fuses blow – one time
protection– Circuit breakers trip –
can be reset and reused– Always use proper rating
• Schematic symbol• Designator (F or CB)
Fuses
CircuitBreaker
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Switches• Switches are used to
interrupt or allow current to flow.• Each circuit controlled
by the switch is a pole• Each position is called a
throw
• Schematic symbol• Designator (S or SW)
SPST
SPDT
DPDT
Pushbutton
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Relays• Relays are switches
activated by current in a coil (electromagnet)• Relays use the same
pole/throw names as switches
• The moving switch is called the armature
• Contacts are named by when they are connected
• Schematic symbol• Designator (K or RLY)
NC - Normally Closed
NO - Normally OpenCOM - Common
Coil
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Other Circuit Symbols
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Practice Questions
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A. Inductance
B. Resistance
C. Tolerance
D. Capacitance T5C01 HRLM (3-7)
What is the ability to store energy in an electric field called?
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A. Inductance
B. Resistance
C. Tolerance
D. Capacitance T5C01 HRLM (3-7)
What is the ability to store energy in an electric field called?
2014 Technician License Course
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A. The farad
B. The ohm
C. The volt
D. The henry T5C02 HRLM (3-7)
What is the basic unit of capacitance?
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A. The farad
B. The ohm
C. The volt
D. The henry T5C02 HRLM (3-7)
What is the basic unit of capacitance?
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A. Admittance
B. Capacitance
C. Resistance
D. Inductance T5C03 HRLM (3-7)
What is the ability to store energy in a magnetic field called?
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A. Admittance
B. Capacitance
C. Resistance
D. Inductance T5C03 HRLM (3-7)
What is the ability to store energy in a magnetic field called?
2014 Technician License Course
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A. The coulomb
B. The farad
C. The henry
D. The ohm T5C04 HRLM (3-7)
What is the basic unit of inductance?
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A. The coulomb
B. The farad
C. The henry
D. The ohm T5C04 HRLM (3-7)
What is the basic unit of inductance?
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A. It is a measure of the opposition to AC current flow in a circuit
B. It is the inverse of resistance
C. It is a measure of the Q or Quality Factor of a component
D. It is a measure of the power handling capability of a component
T5C12 HRLM (3-9)
What is meant by the term impedance?
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A. It is a measure of the opposition to AC current flow in a circuit
B. It is the inverse of resistance
C. It is a measure of the Q or Quality Factor of a component
D. It is a measure of the power handling capability of a component
T5C12 HRLM (3-9)
What is meant by the term impedance?
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A. Volts
B. Amperes
C. Coulombs
D. Ohms T5C13 HRLM (3-9)
What are the units of impedance?
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A. Volts
B. Amperes
C. Coulombs
D. Ohms T5C13 HRLM (3-9)
What are the units of impedance?
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A. Inductor
B. Resistor
C. Voltmeter
D. Transformer T6A01 HRLM (3-7)
What electrical component is used to oppose the flow of current in a DC circuit?
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A. Inductor
B. Resistor
C. Voltmeter
D. Transformer T6A01 HRLM (3-7)
What electrical component is used to oppose the flow of current in a DC circuit?
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A. Fixed resistor
B. Power resistor
C. Potentiometer
D. Transformer T6A02 HRLM (3-9)
What type of component is often used as an adjustable volume control?
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A. Fixed resistor
B. Power resistor
C. Potentiometer
D. Transformer T6A02 HRLM (3-9)
What type of component is often used as an adjustable volume control?
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A. Inductance
B. Resistance
C. Capacitance
D. Field strength T6A03 HRLM (3-9)
What electrical parameter is controlled by a potentiometer?
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A. Inductance
B. Resistance
C. Capacitance
D. Field strength T6A03 HRLM (3-9)
What electrical parameter is controlled by a potentiometer?
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A. Resistor
B. Capacitor
C. Inductor
D. Diode T6A04 HRLM (3-7)
What electrical component stores energy in an electric field?
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A. Resistor
B. Capacitor
C. Inductor
D. Diode T6A04 HRLM (3-7)
What electrical component stores energy in an electric field?
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A. Resistor
B. Potentiometer
C. Oscillator
D. Capacitor T6A05 HRLM (3-7)
What type of electrical component consists of two or more conductive surfaces separated by an insulator?
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A. Resistor
B. Potentiometer
C. Oscillator
D. Capacitor T6A05 HRLM (3-7)
What type of electrical component consists of two or more conductive surfaces separated by an insulator?
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A. Resistor
B. Capacitor
C. Inductor
D. Diode T6A06 HRLM (3-7)
What type of electrical component stores energy in a magnetic field?
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A. Resistor
B. Capacitor
C. Inductor
D. Diode T6A06 HRLM (3-7)
What type of electrical component stores energy in a magnetic field?
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A. Switch
B. Capacitor
C. Diode
D. Inductor T6A07 HRLM (3-7)
What electrical component is usually composed of a coil of wire?
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A. Switch
B. Capacitor
C. Diode
D. Inductor T6A07 HRLM (3-7)
What electrical component is usually composed of a coil of wire?
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A. Magnetron
B. Switch
C. Thermistor
D. All of these choices are correct T6A08 HRLM (3-12)
What electrical component is used to connect or disconnect electrical circuits?
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A. Magnetron
B. Switch
C. Thermistor
D. All of these choices are correct T6A08 HRLM (3-12)
What electrical component is used to connect or disconnect electrical circuits?
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A. Fuse
B. Capacitor
C. Inductor
D. All of these choices are correct T6A09 HRLM (3-12)
What electrical component is used to protect other circuit components from current overloads?
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A. Fuse
B. Capacitor
C. Inductor
D. All of these choices are correct T6A09 HRLM (3-12)
What electrical component is used to protect other circuit components from current overloads?
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A. Capacitors
B. Inductors
C. Resistors
D. Transistors T6B01 HRLM (3-11)
What class of electronic components is capable of using a voltage or current signal to control current flow?
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A. Capacitors
B. Inductors
C. Resistors
D. Transistors T6B01 HRLM (3-11)
What class of electronic components is capable of using a voltage or current signal to control current flow?
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A. Resistor
B. Fuse
C. Diode
D. Driven Element T6B02 HRLM (3-10)
What electronic component allows current to flow in only one direction?
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A. Resistor
B. Fuse
C. Diode
D. Driven Element T6B02 HRLM (3-10)
What electronic component allows current to flow in only one direction?
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A. Oscillator
B. Potentiometer
C. Transistor
D. Voltmeter T6B03 HRLM (3-11)
Which of these components can be used as an electronic switch or amplifier?
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A. Oscillator
B. Potentiometer
C. Transistor
D. Voltmeter T6B03 HRLM (3-11)
Which of these components can be used as an electronic switch or amplifier?
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A. Alternator
B. Transistor
C. Triode
D. Pentagrid converter T6B04 HRLM (3-11)
Which of the following components can be made of three layers of semiconductor material?
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A. Alternator
B. Transistor
C. Triode
D. Pentagrid converter T6B04 HRLM (3-11)
Which of the following components can be made of three layers of semiconductor material?
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A. Transistor
B. Variable resistor
C. Electrolytic capacitor
D. Multi-cell battery T6B05 HRLM (3-11)
Which of the following electronic components can amplify signals?
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A. Transistor
B. Variable resistor
C. Electrolytic capacitor
D. Multi-cell battery T6B05 HRLM (3-11)
Which of the following electronic components can amplify signals?
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A. With the word "cathode"
B. With a stripe
C. With the letter "C"
D. All of these choices are correct T6B06 HRLM (3-10)
How is the cathode lead of a semiconductor diode usually identified?
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A. With the word "cathode"
B. With a stripe
C. With the letter "C"
D. All of these choices are correct T6B06 HRLM (3-10)
How is the cathode lead of a semiconductor diode usually identified?
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A. Low Emission Diode
B. Light Emitting Diode
C. Liquid Emission Detector
D. Long Echo Delay T6B07 HRLM (3-10)
What does the abbreviation LED stand for?
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A. Low Emission Diode
B. Light Emitting Diode
C. Liquid Emission Detector
D. Long Echo Delay T6B07 HRLM (3-10)
What does the abbreviation LED stand for?
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A. Field Effect Transistor
B. Fast Electron Transistor
C. Free Electron Transition
D. Field Emission Thickness T6B08 HRLM (3-11)
What does the abbreviation FET stand for?
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A. Field Effect Transistor
B. Fast Electron Transistor
C. Free Electron Transition
D. Field Emission Thickness T6B08 HRLM (3-11)
What does the abbreviation FET stand for?
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A. Plus and minus
B. Source and drain
C. Anode and cathode
D. Gate and base T6B09 HRLM (3-10)
What are the names of the two electrodes of a diode?
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A. Plus and minus
B. Source and drain
C. Anode and cathode
D. Gate and base T6B09 HRLM (3-10)
What are the names of the two electrodes of a diode?
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A. Emitter, base, and collector
B. Source, gate, and drain
C. Cathode, grid, and plate
D. Cathode, drift cavity, and collector T6B10 HRLM (3-11)
What are the three electrodes of a PNP or NPN transistor?
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A. Emitter, base, and collector
B. Source, gate, and drain
C. Cathode, grid, and plate
D. Cathode, drift cavity, and collector T6B10 HRLM (3-11)
What are the three electrodes of a PNP or NPN transistor?
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A. Emitter, base, and collector
B. Source, gate, and drain
C. Cathode, grid, and plate
D. Cathode, gate, and anode T6B11 HRLM (3-11)
What are the three electrodes of a field effect transistor?
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A. Emitter, base, and collector
B. Source, gate, and drain
C. Cathode, grid, and plate
D. Cathode, gate, and anode T6B11 HRLM (3-11)
What are the three electrodes of a field effect transistor?
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A. Gain
B. Forward resistance
C. Forward voltage drop
D. On resistance T6B12 HRLM (3-11)
What is the term that describes a transistor's ability to amplify a signal?
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A. Gain
B. Forward resistance
C. Forward voltage drop
D. On resistance T6B12 HRLM (3-11)
What is the term that describes a transistor's ability to amplify a signal?
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A. Electrical depictions
B. Grey sketch
C. Schematic symbols
D. Component callouts T6C01 HRLM (3-13)
What is the name for standardized representations of components in an electrical wiring diagram?
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A. Electrical depictions
B. Grey sketch
C. Schematic symbols
D. Component callouts T6C01 HRLM (3-13)
What is the name for standardized representations of components in an electrical wiring diagram?
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A. Resistor
B. Transistor
C. Battery
D. Connector
T6C02 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 1 in figure T1?
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A. Resistor
B. Transistor
C. Battery
D. Connector
T6C02 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 1 in figure T1?
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A. Resistor
B. Transistor
C. Indicator lamp
D. Connector
T6C03 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 2 in figure T1?
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A. Resistor
B. Transistor
C. Indicator lamp
D. Connector
T6C03 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 2 in figure T1?
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A. Resistor
B. Transistor
C. Lamp
D. Ground symbol
T6C04 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 3 in figure T1?
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A. Resistor
B. Transistor
C. Lamp
D. Ground symbol
T6C04 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 3 in figure T1?
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A. Resistor
B. Transistor
C. Battery
D. Ground symbol
T6C05 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 4 in figure T1?
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A. Resistor
B. Transistor
C. Battery
D. Ground symbol
T6C05 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 4 in figure T1?
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A. Resistor
B. Capacitor
C. Regulator IC
D. Transistor T6C06 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 6 in figure T2?
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A. Resistor
B. Capacitor
C. Regulator IC
D. Transistor T6C06 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 6 in figure T2?
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A. Resistor
B. Inductor
C. Regulator IC
D. Light emitting diode T6C07 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 8 in figure T2?
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What is component 8 in figure T2?
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A. Resistor
B. Inductor
C. Regulator IC
D. Light emitting diode T6C07 HRLM (3-13)
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A. Variable capacitor
B. Variable inductor
C. Variable resistor
D. Variable transformerT6C08 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 9 in figure T2?
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What is component 9 in figure T2?
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A. Variable capacitor
B. Variable inductor
C. Variable resistor
D. Variable transformerT6C08 HRLM (3-13)
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What is component 4 in figure T2?
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A. Variable inductor
B. Double-pole switch
C. Potentiometer
D. Transformer T6C09 HRLM (3-13)
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A. Variable inductor
B. Double-pole switch
C. Potentiometer
D. Transformer T6C09 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 4 in figure T2?
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A. Connector
B. Meter
C. Variable capacitor
D. Variable inductor
T6C10 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 3 in figure T3?
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A. Connector
B. Meter
C. Variable capacitor
D. Variable inductor
T6C10 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 3 in figure T3?
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A. Antenna
B. Transmitter
C. Dummy load
D. Ground
T6C11 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 4 in figure T3?
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A. Antenna
B. Transmitter
C. Dummy load
D. Ground
T6C11 HRLM (3-13)
What is component 4 in figure T3?
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A. Electrical components
B. Logic states
C. Digital codes
D. Traffic nodes T6C12 HRLM (3-13)
What do the symbols on an electrical circuit schematic diagram represent?
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A. Electrical components
B. Logic states
C. Digital codes
D. Traffic nodes T6C12 HRLM (3-13)
What do the symbols on an electrical circuit schematic diagram represent?
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A. Wire lengths
B. Physical appearance of components
C. The way components are interconnected
D. All of these choices are correct T6C13 HRLM (3-14)
Which of the following is accurately represented in electrical circuit schematic diagrams?
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A. Wire lengths
B. Physical appearance of components
C. The way components are interconnected
D. All of these choices are correct T6C13 HRLM (3-14)
Which of the following is accurately represented in electrical circuit schematic diagrams?
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A. Transformer
B. Rectifier
C. Amplifier
D. Reflector T6D01 HRLM (3-10)
Which of the following devices or circuits changes an alternating current into a varying direct current signal?
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A. Transformer
B. Rectifier
C. Amplifier
D. Reflector T6D01 HRLM (3-10)
Which of the following devices or circuits changes an alternating current into a varying direct current signal?
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A. A switch controlled by an electromagnet
B. A current controlled amplifier
C. An optical sensor
D. A pass transistor T6D02 HRLM (3-12)
What best describes a relay?
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A. A switch controlled by an electromagnet
B. A current controlled amplifier
C. An optical sensor
D. A pass transistor T6D02 HRLM (3-12)
What best describes a relay?
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What type of switch is represented by component 3 in figure T2?
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A. Single-pole single-throw
B. Single-pole double-throw
C. Double-pole single-throw
D. Double-pole double-throwT6D03 HRLM (3-13)
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A. Single-pole single-throw
B. Single-pole double-throw
C. Double-pole single-throw
D. Double-pole double-throwT6D03 HRLM (3-13)
What type of switch is represented by component 3 in figure T2?
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A. Potentiometer
B. Transistor
C. Meter
D. Relay T6D04 HRLM (3-13)
Which of the following can be used to display signal strength on a numeric scale?
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A. Potentiometer
B. Transistor
C. Meter
D. Relay T6D04 HRLM (3-13)
Which of the following can be used to display signal strength on a numeric scale?
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A. Variable capacitor
B. Transformer
C. Transistor
D. Diode T6D06 HRLM (3-9)
What component is commonly used to change 120V AC house current to a lower AC voltage for other uses?
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A. Variable capacitor
B. Transformer
C. Transistor
D. Diode T6D06 HRLM (3-9)
What component is commonly used to change 120V AC house current to a lower AC voltage for other uses?
2014 Technician License Course
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A. LED
B. FET
C. Zener diode
D. Bipolar transistor T6D07 HRLM (3-11)
Which of the following is commonly used as a visual indicator?
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A. LED
B. FET
C. Zener diode
D. Bipolar transistor T6D07 HRLM (3-11)
Which of the following is commonly used as a visual indicator?
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A. Resistor
B. Zener diode
C. Potentiometer
D. Capacitor T6D08 HRLM (3-9)
Which of the following is used together with an inductor to make a tuned circuit?
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A. Resistor
B. Zener diode
C. Potentiometer
D. Capacitor T6D08 HRLM (3-9)
Which of the following is used together with an inductor to make a tuned circuit?
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A. Transducer
B. Multi-pole relay
C. Integrated circuit
D. Transformer T6D09 HRLM (3-11)
What is the name of a device that combines several semiconductors and other components into one package?
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A. Transducer
B. Multi-pole relay
C. Integrated circuit
D. Transformer T6D09 HRLM (3-11)
What is the name of a device that combines several semiconductors and other components into one package?
2014 Technician License Course
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A. Give off light whencurrent flowsthrough it
B. Supply electricalenergy
C. Control the flow ofcurrent
D. Convert electricalenergy into radiowaves
T6D10 HRLM (3-11)
What is the function of component 2 in Figure T1?
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A. Give off light whencurrent flowsthrough it
B. Supply electricalenergy
C. Control the flowof current
D. Convert electricalenergy into radiowaves
T6D10 HRLM (3-11)
What is the function of component 2 in Figure T1?
2014 Technician License Course
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A. An inductor and a capacitor connected in series or parallel to form a filter
B. A type of voltage regulator
C. A resistor circuit used for reducing standing wave ratio
D. A circuit designed to provide high fidelity audio T6D11 HRLM (3-9)
What is a simple resonant or tuned circuit?
2014 Technician License Course
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A. An inductor and a capacitor connected in series or parallel to form a filter
B. A type of voltage regulator
C. A resistor circuit used for reducing standing wave ratio
D. A circuit designed to provide high fidelity audio T6D11 HRLM (3-9)
What is a simple resonant or tuned circuit?
2014 Technician License Course
![Page 127: Technician License Course Chapter 3 Lesson Plan Module 6 – Electrical Components.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022103123/56649db25503460f94aa222c/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
A. To prevent power supply ripple from damaging a circuit
B. To interrupt power in case of overload
C. To limit current to prevent shocks
D. All of these choices are correct T0A04 HRLM (3-12)
What is the purpose of a fuse in an electrical circuit?
2014 Technician License Course
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A. To prevent power supply ripple from damaging a circuit
B. To interrupt power in case of overload
C. To limit current to prevent shocks
D. All of these choices are correct T0A04 HRLM (3-12)
What is the purpose of a fuse in an electrical circuit?
2014 Technician License Course
![Page 129: Technician License Course Chapter 3 Lesson Plan Module 6 – Electrical Components.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022103123/56649db25503460f94aa222c/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
A. The larger fuse would be likely to blow because it is rated for higher current
B. The power supply ripple would greatly increase
C. Excessive current could cause a fire
D. All of these choices are correct T0A05 HRLM (3-12)
Why is it unwise to install a 20-ampere fuse in the place of a 5-ampere fuse?
2014 Technician License Course
![Page 130: Technician License Course Chapter 3 Lesson Plan Module 6 – Electrical Components.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022103123/56649db25503460f94aa222c/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
A. The larger fuse would be likely to blow because it is rated for higher current
B. The power supply ripple would greatly increase
C. Excessive current could cause a fire
D. All of these choices are correct T0A05 HRLM (3-12)
Why is it unwise to install a 20-ampere fuse in the place of a 5-ampere fuse?
2014 Technician License Course