Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver....

244
Technician License Course

Transcript of Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver....

Page 1: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Technician LicenseCourse

Page 2: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Technician License Course

Chapter 5

Lesson Plan Module ­ 11

Transmitters, Receivers 

and Transceivers

Page 3: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Generalized Transceiver Categories

Page 4: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Generalized Transceiver Categories

•Mobile VHF/UHF FM

Page 5: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Generalized Transceiver Categories

•Mobile VHF/UHF FM

•Single Band VHF or UHF FM

Page 6: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Generalized Transceiver Categories

•Mobile VHF/UHF FM

•Single Band VHF or UHF FM

•Dual Band VHF/UHF FM

Page 7: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Generalized Transceiver Categories

•Mobile VHF/UHF FM

•Single Band VHF or UHF FM

•Dual Band VHF/UHF FM

•All Band HF and VHF/UHF

Page 8: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Generalized Transceiver Categories

•Mobile VHF/UHF FM

•Single Band VHF or UHF FM

•Dual Band VHF/UHF FM

•All Band HF and VHF/UHF

•Multimode VHF/UHF CW/SSB/FM

Page 9: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Generalized Transceiver Categories

•Mobile VHF/UHF FM

•Single Band VHF or UHF FM

•Dual Band VHF/UHF FM

•All Band HF and VHF/UHF

•Multimode VHF/UHF CW/SSB/FM

•Handheld (HT)

Page 10: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Single­Band Mobile

Page 11: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Single­Band Mobile•Single­band, 2 meter is a good starter radio.

Page 12: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Single­Band Mobile•Single­band, 2 meter is a good starter radio.

•Operates from 13.8 volts dc, requires external power supply or car battery.

Page 13: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Single­Band Mobile•Single­band, 2 meter is a good starter radio.

•Operates from 13.8 volts dc, requires external power supply or car battery.

•Requires an external antenna.

Page 14: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Single­Band Mobile•Single­band, 2 meter is a good starter radio.

•Operates from 13.8 volts dc, requires external power supply or car battery.

•Requires an external antenna.

•Can be operated mobile or as a base station.

Page 15: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Single­Band Mobile•Single­band, 2 meter is a good starter radio.

•Operates from 13.8 volts dc, requires external power supply or car battery.

•Requires an external antenna.

•Can be operated mobile or as a base station.

•Limited to frequency modulation (FM) and usually either 2 meters or 70 cm bands.

Page 16: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Single­Band Mobile•Single­band, 2 meter is a good starter radio.

•Operates from 13.8 volts dc, requires external power supply or car battery.

•Requires an external antenna.

•Can be operated mobile or as a base station.

•Limited to frequency modulation (FM) and usually either 2 meters or 70 cm bands.

•Up to approximately 50 watts output.

Page 17: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Dual­Band Mobile

Page 18: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Dual­Band Mobile

•Same as the single­band transceiver but includes additional band(s).

Page 19: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Dual­Band Mobile

•Same as the single­band transceiver but includes additional band(s).

•Most common are 2 meter and 70 cm bands.

Page 20: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Dual­Band Mobile

•Same as the single­band transceiver but includes additional band(s).

•Most common are 2 meter and 70 cm bands.

•Could add 6 meters, 222 MHz or 1.2 GHz.

Page 21: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Dual­Band Mobile

•Same as the single­band transceiver but includes additional band(s).

•Most common are 2 meter and 70 cm bands.

•Could add 6 meters, 222 MHz or 1.2 GHz.

•Might have separate antenna connections for each band or a single connection for a dual­band antenna

Page 22: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Multimode Transceiver

Page 23: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Multimode Transceiver•Nearly all HF rigs are multimode.

Page 24: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Multimode Transceiver•Nearly all HF rigs are multimode.

•VHF multimode operates on FM plus AM/SSB/CW modes.

Page 25: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Multimode Transceiver•Nearly all HF rigs are multimode.

•VHF multimode operates on FM plus AM/SSB/CW modes.

•Required for “weak­signal” operation on VHF/UHF

Page 26: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Multimode Transceiver•Nearly all HF rigs are multimode.

•VHF multimode operates on FM plus AM/SSB/CW modes.

•Required for “weak­signal” operation on VHF/UHF

•More features add complexity and cost.

Page 27: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Multimode Transceiver•Nearly all HF rigs are multimode.

•VHF multimode operates on FM plus AM/SSB/CW modes.

•Required for “weak­signal” operation on VHF/UHF

•More features add complexity and cost.

•More flexibility will allow you to explore new modes as you gain experience.

Page 28: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Multiband Transceiver

Page 29: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Multiband Transceiver

•Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage of HF + VHF/UHF.

Page 30: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Multiband Transceiver

•Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage of HF + VHF/UHF.

•Also covers all modes.

Page 31: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Multiband Transceiver

•Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage of HF + VHF/UHF.

•Also covers all modes.

•Frequently 100 watts on HF, some power limitations on high bands (25–50 watts).

Page 32: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Multiband Transceiver

•Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage of HF + VHF/UHF.

•Also covers all modes.

•Frequently 100 watts on HF, some power limitations on high bands (25–50 watts).

•Larger units have internal power supplies, smaller units need external power supply.

Page 33: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver

Page 34: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver

•Small handheld FM units.

Page 35: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver

•Small handheld FM units.

•Can be single band or dual band.

Page 36: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver

•Small handheld FM units.

•Can be single band or dual band.

•Limited power (usually 5 watts or less).

Page 37: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver

•Small handheld FM units.

•Can be single band or dual band.

•Limited power (usually 5 watts or less).

• Includes power (battery) and antenna in one package.

Page 38: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver

•Small handheld FM units.

•Can be single band or dual band.

•Limited power (usually 5 watts or less).

• Includes power (battery) and antenna in one package.

•Often purchased as a starter rig but low power limits range.

Page 39: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver•Single, dual and multiband versions (with increasing cost and complexity).

Page 40: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver•Single, dual and multiband versions (with increasing cost and complexity).

–Some can receive outside the ham bands, such as aircraft, commercial FM broadcast, etc.

Page 41: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver•Single, dual and multiband versions (with increasing cost and complexity).

–Some can receive outside the ham bands, such as aircraft, commercial FM broadcast, etc.

•Very portable and self­contained.

Page 42: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver•Single, dual and multiband versions (with increasing cost and complexity).

–Some can receive outside the ham bands, such as aircraft, commercial FM broadcast, etc.

•Very portable and self­contained.

–Internal microphone and speaker.

Page 43: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver•Single, dual and multiband versions (with increasing cost and complexity).

–Some can receive outside the ham bands, such as aircraft, commercial FM broadcast, etc.

•Very portable and self­contained.

–Internal microphone and speaker.

–Rubber duck antenna.

Page 44: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver•Single, dual and multiband versions (with increasing cost and complexity).

–Some can receive outside the ham bands, such as aircraft, commercial FM broadcast, etc.

•Very portable and self­contained.

–Internal microphone and speaker.

–Rubber duck antenna.

–Battery powered.

Page 45: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver

•Extra battery packs

Page 46: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver

•Extra battery packs

•AA cell pack useful in emergencies

Page 47: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver

•Extra battery packs

•AA cell pack useful in emergencies

•Drop­in, fast charger

Page 48: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver

•Extra battery packs

•AA cell pack useful in emergencies

•Drop­in, fast charger

•Extended antenna

Page 49: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver

•Extra battery packs

•AA cell pack useful in emergencies

•Drop­in, fast charger

•Extended antenna

•External microphone and speaker

Page 50: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Handheld (HT) Transceiver

•Extra battery packs

•AA cell pack useful in emergencies

•Drop­in, fast charger

•Extended antenna

•External microphone and speaker

•Headset

Page 51: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Side­by­SideSingle Band Dual Band Multimode Multiband Handheld

Freq Agility Limited Medium Medium Full Limited

Functionality Limited Limited Full Full Limited

Ease of Use Easy Medium Medium Difficult Easy

Programming Easy Easy Medium Challenging Easy/Medium

Power Low Low Medium High Low

Cost Low Modest High High Low

Page 52: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Rig Vocabulary

•We will now go through some jargon and vocabulary specific to the receive and transmit 

functions and controls of a transceiver.

Page 53: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Band and Frequency Selection

Page 54: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Band and Frequency Selection•Fundamental to all amateur transceivers

Page 55: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Band and Frequency Selection•Fundamental to all amateur transceivers

•Can set by VFO (continuously variable) or by keypad “direct” entry

Page 56: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Band and Frequency Selection•Fundamental to all amateur transceivers

•Can set by VFO (continuously variable) or by keypad “direct” entry

•Memories can generally store:

Page 57: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Band and Frequency Selection•Fundamental to all amateur transceivers

•Can set by VFO (continuously variable) or by keypad “direct” entry

•Memories can generally store:

• Frequency

Page 58: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Band and Frequency Selection•Fundamental to all amateur transceivers

•Can set by VFO (continuously variable) or by keypad “direct” entry

•Memories can generally store:

• Frequency

• Mode

Page 59: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Band and Frequency Selection•Fundamental to all amateur transceivers

•Can set by VFO (continuously variable) or by keypad “direct” entry

•Memories can generally store:

• Frequency

• Mode

• Filter and similar settings

Page 60: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Band and Frequency Selection•Fundamental to all amateur transceivers

•Can set by VFO (continuously variable) or by keypad “direct” entry

•Memories can generally store:

• Frequency

• Mode

• Filter and similar settings

• Alphanumeric labels

Page 61: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions

Page 62: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions•Main tuning display (both TX and RX):

Page 63: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions•Main tuning display (both TX and RX):

–Controls the frequency selection via the variable frequency oscillator (VFO).

Page 64: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions•Main tuning display (both TX and RX):

–Controls the frequency selection via the variable frequency oscillator (VFO).

–Frequency can be set with a knob or keypad or programmed channels.

Page 65: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions•Main tuning display (both TX and RX):

–Controls the frequency selection via the variable frequency oscillator (VFO).

–Frequency can be set with a knob or keypad or programmed channels.

–Variable frequency step size (tuning rate, resolution).

Page 66: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions•Main tuning display (both TX and RX):

–Controls the frequency selection via the variable frequency oscillator (VFO).

–Frequency can be set with a knob or keypad or programmed channels.

–Variable frequency step size (tuning rate, resolution).

–Rigs can usually store the information for two operating frequencies (VFO A and VFO B).

Page 67: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions

•Mode selector (both TX and RX for multimode rigs).

Page 68: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions

•Mode selector (both TX and RX for multimode rigs).

–AM/FM/SSB (LSB or USB)

Page 69: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions

•Mode selector (both TX and RX for multimode rigs).

–AM/FM/SSB (LSB or USB)

–CW

Page 70: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions

•Mode selector (both TX and RX for multimode rigs).

–AM/FM/SSB (LSB or USB)

–CW

–Data (RTTY or PSK)

Page 71: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions

•Mode selector (both TX and RX for multimode rigs).

–AM/FM/SSB (LSB or USB)

–CW

–Data (RTTY or PSK)

•Could be automatic based on recognized band plan.

Page 72: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions•Microphone controls

Page 73: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions•Microphone controls–Gain

Page 74: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions•Microphone controls–Gain•Controls transmitter sensitivity to your voice

Page 75: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions•Microphone controls–Gain•Controls transmitter sensitivity to your voice

–Speech Compressor or Speech Processor

Page 76: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions•Microphone controls–Gain•Controls transmitter sensitivity to your voice

–Speech Compressor or Speech Processor•Increases microphone gain at lower sound levels to increase overall signal strength or “punch”

Page 77: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions

–Too much gain or compression can cause problems

Page 78: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions

–Too much gain or compression can cause problems•Splatter

Page 79: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions

–Too much gain or compression can cause problems•Splatter•Over­deviation

Page 80: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions

–Too much gain or compression can cause problems•Splatter•Over­deviation•Over­modulation

Page 81: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions

•Automatic Level Control (ALC)

Page 82: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions

•Automatic Level Control (ALC)

–Automatically limits speech modulation, reducing transmitter over­drive

Page 83: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions

•Automatic Level Control (ALC)

–Automatically limits speech modulation, reducing transmitter over­drive

–Causes some speech distortion

Page 84: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions

•Automatic Level Control (ALC)

–Automatically limits speech modulation, reducing transmitter over­drive

–Causes some speech distortion

–Do NOT use for data modes like PSK

Page 85: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Transmitter Controls and Functions

•Automatic Level Control (ALC)

–Automatically limits speech modulation, reducing transmitter over­drive

–Causes some speech distortion

–Do NOT use for data modes like PSK

•Also prevents overdrive to external power amplifier

Page 86: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys

Page 87: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys•Microphones (mic)

Page 88: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys•Microphones (mic)

–Hand mics

Page 89: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys•Microphones (mic)

–Hand mics

–Desk mics

Page 90: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys•Microphones (mic)

–Hand mics

–Desk mics

•Preamplified desk mics

Page 91: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys•Microphones (mic)

–Hand mics

–Desk mics

•Preamplified desk mics

–Speaker­mics

Page 92: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys•Microphones (mic)

–Hand mics

–Desk mics

•Preamplified desk mics

–Speaker­mics

–Headsets or boom­sets

Page 93: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys•Microphones (mic)

–Hand mics

–Desk mics

•Preamplified desk mics

–Speaker­mics

–Headsets or boom­sets

–Internal mics

Page 94: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys•Microphones (mic)

–Hand mics

–Desk mics

•Preamplified desk mics

–Speaker­mics

–Headsets or boom­sets

–Internal mics

•Speak across the mic, not into the mic

Page 95: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys•Transmitter ON/OFF or “keying”

Page 96: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys•Transmitter ON/OFF or “keying”

–Push­to­Talk (PTT)

Page 97: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys•Transmitter ON/OFF or “keying”

–Push­to­Talk (PTT)

–Voice­Operated Transmission (VOX)

Page 98: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys•Transmitter ON/OFF or “keying”

–Push­to­Talk (PTT)

–Voice­Operated Transmission (VOX)

•VOX Gain

Page 99: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys•Transmitter ON/OFF or “keying”

–Push­to­Talk (PTT)

–Voice­Operated Transmission (VOX)

•VOX Gain

•VOX Delay

Page 100: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys•Transmitter ON/OFF or “keying”

–Push­to­Talk (PTT)

–Voice­Operated Transmission (VOX)

•VOX Gain

•VOX Delay

•Anti­VOX

Page 101: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys–Key jack

Page 102: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys–Key jack

–Manually­Operating Transmission (MOX or SEND ­varies with manufacturer)

Page 103: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys–Key jack

–Manually­Operating Transmission (MOX or SEND ­varies with manufacturer)

•Morse code

Page 104: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys–Key jack

–Manually­Operating Transmission (MOX or SEND ­varies with manufacturer)

•Morse code

–Straight key

Page 105: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys–Key jack

–Manually­Operating Transmission (MOX or SEND ­varies with manufacturer)

•Morse code

–Straight key

–Electronic keyer and paddle

Page 106: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Microphones and Keys–Key jack

–Manually­Operating Transmission (MOX or SEND ­varies with manufacturer)

•Morse code

–Straight key

–Electronic keyer and paddle

–Semi­automatic (Bug)

Page 107: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

Page 108: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•AF Gain or Volume 

Page 109: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•AF Gain or Volume 

• Controls the audio level to the speaker or headphones

Page 110: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•AF Gain or Volume 

• Controls the audio level to the speaker or headphones

•RF Gain

Page 111: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•AF Gain or Volume 

• Controls the audio level to the speaker or headphones

•RF Gain

• Controls the gain of the receiver’s input amplifiers

Page 112: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•AF Gain or Volume 

• Controls the audio level to the speaker or headphones

•RF Gain

• Controls the gain of the receiver’s input amplifiers

•Attenuator

Page 113: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•AF Gain or Volume 

• Controls the audio level to the speaker or headphones

•RF Gain

• Controls the gain of the receiver’s input amplifiers

•Attenuator•Reduces signal at the receiver input

Page 114: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Receive Incremental Tuning (RIT)

Page 115: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Receive Incremental Tuning (RIT)

•“Fine tuning”

Page 116: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Receive Incremental Tuning (RIT)

•“Fine tuning”

•Adjusts receive frequency independent of main VFO

Page 117: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Receive Incremental Tuning (RIT)

•“Fine tuning”

•Adjusts receive frequency independent of main VFO

•Doesn’t vary the transmitted frequency

Page 118: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Receive Incremental Tuning (RIT)

•“Fine tuning”

•Adjusts receive frequency independent of main VFO

•Doesn’t vary the transmitted frequency

•Transmitters have a similar function (XIT)

Page 119: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Automatic Gain Control (AGC)

Page 120: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Automatic Gain Control (AGC)–Automatically limits the incoming signals during signal (voice) peaks to maintain even volume

Page 121: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Automatic Gain Control (AGC)–Automatically limits the incoming signals during signal (voice) peaks to maintain even volume

–Keeps strong signals from blasting the listener

Page 122: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Automatic Gain Control (AGC)–Automatically limits the incoming signals during signal (voice) peaks to maintain even volume

–Keeps strong signals from blasting the listener–Different time response settings:

Page 123: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Automatic Gain Control (AGC)–Automatically limits the incoming signals during signal (voice) peaks to maintain even volume

–Keeps strong signals from blasting the listener–Different time response settings:–Fast setting for CW

Page 124: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Automatic Gain Control (AGC)–Automatically limits the incoming signals during signal (voice) peaks to maintain even volume

–Keeps strong signals from blasting the listener–Different time response settings:–Fast setting for CW–Slow settings for SSB and AM

Page 125: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Automatic Gain Control (AGC)–Automatically limits the incoming signals during signal (voice) peaks to maintain even volume

–Keeps strong signals from blasting the listener–Different time response settings:–Fast setting for CW–Slow settings for SSB and AM–Not used in FM because amplitude is constant

Page 126: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Squelch

Page 127: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Squelch

–Mutes audio to speaker when signal is not present

Page 128: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Squelch

–Mutes audio to speaker when signal is not present

•Used in FM primarily

Page 129: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Squelch

–Mutes audio to speaker when signal is not present

•Used in FM primarily

–Open – allows very weak signals to pass through (along with noise)

Page 130: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Squelch

–Mutes audio to speaker when signal is not present

•Used in FM primarily

–Open – allows very weak signals to pass through (along with noise)

–Tight – allows only the strongest signals to pass

Page 131: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Advance the squelch control until the noise just disappears

Page 132: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Advance the squelch control until the noise just disappears

•Also opened by MON (Monitor) control on handhelds

Page 133: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Filters (can be electronic modules or DSP)

Page 134: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Filters (can be electronic modules or DSP)–IF filter

Page 135: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Filters (can be electronic modules or DSP)–IF filter•Used to narrow the width of signal that is passed.

Page 136: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Filters (can be electronic modules or DSP)–IF filter•Used to narrow the width of signal that is passed.•Can attenuate adjacent signals.

Page 137: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Filters (can be electronic modules or DSP)–IF filter•Used to narrow the width of signal that is passed.•Can attenuate adjacent signals.

–Notch filter

Page 138: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Filters (can be electronic modules or DSP)–IF filter•Used to narrow the width of signal that is passed.•Can attenuate adjacent signals.

–Notch filter•Very narrow filter that can be moved over an interfering signal to attenuate it.

Page 139: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Noise blanker (NB)

Page 140: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Noise blanker (NB)•Removes signal pulses that are frequently associated with random naturally generated noise

Page 141: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Noise blanker (NB)•Removes signal pulses that are frequently associated with random naturally generated noise•Can cause problems if strong signals are present

Page 142: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Noise blanker (NB)•Removes signal pulses that are frequently associated with random naturally generated noise•Can cause problems if strong signals are present

•Noise reduction (NR)

Page 143: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Noise blanker (NB)•Removes signal pulses that are frequently associated with random naturally generated noise•Can cause problems if strong signals are present

•Noise reduction (NR)•DSP function to remove noise from signal

Page 144: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Noise blanker (NB)•Removes signal pulses that are frequently associated with random naturally generated noise•Can cause problems if strong signals are present

•Noise reduction (NR)•DSP function to remove noise from signal

•Noise limiter (NL)

Page 145: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Noise blanker (NB)•Removes signal pulses that are frequently associated with random naturally generated noise•Can cause problems if strong signals are present

•Noise reduction (NR)•DSP function to remove noise from signal

•Noise limiter (NL)•Simply limits maximum volume of a noise pulse

Page 146: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Preamplifier

Page 147: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Preamplifier

• Increases sensitivity but can cause overload

Page 148: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Preamplifier

• Increases sensitivity but can cause overload

•Reception and Transmission Meter

Page 149: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Preamplifier

• Increases sensitivity but can cause overload

•Reception and Transmission Meter

–In transmit, indicates output power or ALC or other functions as selected by switch setting

Page 150: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Preamplifier

• Increases sensitivity but can cause overload

•Reception and Transmission Meter

–In transmit, indicates output power or ALC or other functions as selected by switch setting

–In receive, indicates signal strength

Page 151: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Preamplifier

• Increases sensitivity but can cause overload

•Reception and Transmission Meter

–In transmit, indicates output power or ALC or other functions as selected by switch setting

–In receive, indicates signal strength• In “S” units S1 through S9 – S9 is strongest

Page 152: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions•Preamplifier

• Increases sensitivity but can cause overload

•Reception and Transmission Meter

– In transmit, indicates output power or ALC or other functions as selected by switch setting

– In receive, indicates signal strength• In “S” units S1 through S9 – S9 is strongest

•Above S9, meter is calibrated in dB (i.e S9+10 dB)

Page 153: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Receivers can be limited to ham bands or can cover other parts of the spectrum.

Page 154: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Receiver Controls and Functions

•Receivers can be limited to ham bands or can cover other parts of the spectrum.

•General coverage receivers cover a wide area of the spectrum and can be used for shortwave listening (SWL).

Page 155: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Data Modes

Page 156: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Data Modes

•Computer­to­computer communication

Page 157: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Data Modes

•Computer­to­computer communication

•Specialized modems 

Page 158: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Data Modes

•Computer­to­computer communication

•Specialized modems 

• Terminal Node Controller (TNC)

Page 159: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Data Modes

•Computer­to­computer communication

•Specialized modems 

• Terminal Node Controller (TNC)

•Multiple Protocol Controller (MPC)

Page 160: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Data Modes

•Computer­to­computer communication

•Specialized modems 

• Terminal Node Controller (TNC)

•Multiple Protocol Controller (MPC)

• Computer sound card software

Page 161: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Data Modes

•Computer­to­computer communication

•Specialized modems 

• Terminal Node Controller (TNC)

•Multiple Protocol Controller (MPC)

• Computer sound card software

•Requires radio interface

Page 162: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & Systems

Page 163: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & SystemsRadioteletype (RTTY)

Page 164: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & SystemsRadioteletype (RTTY)PSK31

Page 165: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & SystemsRadioteletype (RTTY)PSK31MFSK

Page 166: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & SystemsRadioteletype (RTTY)PSK31MFSKPacket Radio and PACTOR

Page 167: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & SystemsRadioteletype (RTTY)PSK31MFSKPacket Radio and PACTORCW (International Morse)

Page 168: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & SystemsRadioteletype (RTTY)PSK31MFSKPacket Radio and PACTORCW (International Morse)Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS)

Page 169: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & SystemsRadioteletype (RTTY)PSK31MFSKPacket Radio and PACTORCW (International Morse)Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS)Winlink System

Page 170: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & Systems

Error detection

Page 171: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & Systems

Error detectionYes: Packet radio, MFSK

Page 172: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & Systems

Error detectionYes: Packet radio, MFSKNo: RTTY, PSK31

Page 173: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & Systems

Error detectionYes: Packet radio, MFSKNo: RTTY, PSK31

Error correction

Page 174: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & Systems

Error detectionYes: Packet radio, MFSKNo: RTTY, PSK31

Error correctionMFSK (forward error correction or FEC)

Page 175: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & Systems

Error detectionYes: Packet radio, MFSKNo: RTTY, PSK31

Error correctionMFSK (forward error correction or FEC)Packet radio

Page 176: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & Systems

Error detectionYes: Packet radio, MFSKNo: RTTY, PSK31

Error correctionMFSK (forward error correction or FEC)Packet radioChecksums and call signs

Page 177: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Popular Digital Modes & Systems

Error detectionYes: Packet radio, MFSKNo: RTTY, PSK31

Error correctionMFSK (forward error correction or FEC)Packet radioChecksums and call signsRetransmission or ARQ

Page 178: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Data Station Setup

Page 179: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Internet Gateway

Page 180: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Automatic Position Reporting System(APRS)

Page 181: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Practice Questions

Page 182: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What describes the muting of receiver audio controlled solely by the presence or absence of an RF signal?

Page 183: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What describes the muting of receiver audio controlled solely by the presence or absence of an RF signal?

Carrier squelch

Page 184: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is true concerning the microphone connectors on amateur transceivers?

Page 185: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is true concerning the microphone connectors on amateur transceivers?

Some connectors include push­to­talk and voltages for powering the microphone

Page 186: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

How might a computer be used as part of an amateur radio station?

Page 187: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

How might a computer be used as part of an amateur radio station?

For logging contacts and contact informationFor sending and/or receiving CWFor generating and decoding digital signals

Page 188: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What would be connected between a transceiver and computer in a packet radio station?

Page 189: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What would be connected between a transceiver and computer in a packet radio station?

Terminal node controller

Page 190: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

How is a computer’s sound card used when conducting digital communications using a 

computer?

Page 191: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

How is a computer’s sound card used when conducting digital communications using a 

computer?

The sound card provides audio to the microphone input and converts received audio 

to digital form

Page 192: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What may happen if a transmitter is operated with the microphone gain set too high?

Page 193: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What may happen if a transmitter is operated with the microphone gain set too high?

The output signal might become distorted

Page 194: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What can be used to enter the operating frequency on a modern transceiver?

Page 195: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What can be used to enter the operating frequency on a modern transceiver?

The keypad or VFO knob

Page 196: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is the purpose of the squelch control on a transceiver?

Page 197: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is the purpose of the squelch control on a transceiver?

To mute receiver output noise when no signal is being received

Page 198: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is a way to enable quick access to a favorite frequency on your transceiver?

Page 199: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is a way to enable quick access to a favorite frequency on your transceiver?

Store the frequency in a memory channel

Page 200: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What would reduce ignition interference to a receiver?

Page 201: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What would reduce ignition interference to a receiver?

Turn on the noise blanker

Page 202: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What control could be used if the voice pitch of a single­sideband signal seems too high or low?

Page 203: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What control could be used if the voice pitch of a single­sideband signal seems too high or low?

The receiver RIT or clarifier

Page 204: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What does the term "RIT" mean?

Page 205: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What does the term "RIT" mean?

Receiver Incremental Tuning

Page 206: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is the advantage of having multiple receive bandwidth choices on a multimode transceiver?

Page 207: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is the advantage of having multiple receive bandwidth choices on a multimode transceiver?

Permits noise or interference reduction by selecting a bandwidth matching the mode

Page 208: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is an appropriate receive filter bandwidth to select in order to minimize noise and interference 

for SSB reception?

Page 209: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is an appropriate receive filter bandwidth to select in order to minimize noise and interference 

for SSB reception?

2400 Hz

Page 210: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is an appropriate receive filter bandwidth to select in order to minimize noise and 

interference for CW reception?

Page 211: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is an appropriate receive filter bandwidth to select in order to minimize noise and 

interference for CW reception?

500 Hz

Page 212: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is the function of automatic gain control or AGC?

Page 213: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is the function of automatic gain control or AGC?

To keep received audio relatively constant

Page 214: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is meant by the term "PTT"?

Page 215: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is meant by the term "PTT"?

The push to talk function which switches between receive and transmit

Page 216: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What device is most useful for VHF weak­signal communication?

Page 217: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What device is most useful for VHF weak­signal communication?

A multi­mode VHF transceiver

Page 218: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What device increases the low­power output from a handheld transceiver?

Page 219: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What device increases the low­power output from a handheld transceiver?

An RF power amplifier

Page 220: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What can you do if you are told your FM handheld or mobile transceiver is over­deviating?

Page 221: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What can you do if you are told your FM handheld or mobile transceiver is over­deviating?

Talk farther away from the microphone

Page 222: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What name is given to an amateur radio station that is used to connect other amateur stations to 

the Internet?

Page 223: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What name is given to an amateur radio station that is used to connect other amateur stations to 

the Internet?

A gateway

Page 224: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Which of the following is an example of a digital communications method?

Page 225: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

Which of the following is an example of a digital communications method?

PacketPSK31MFSK

Page 226: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What does the term APRS mean?

Page 227: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What does the term APRS mean?

Automatic Packet Reporting System

Page 228: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What device provides data to the transmitter when sending automatic position reports from a mobile 

amateur radio station?

Page 229: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What device provides data to the transmitter when sending automatic position reports from a mobile 

amateur radio station?

A Global Positioning System receiver

Page 230: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is an application of APRS (Automatic Packet Reporting System)?

Page 231: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is an application of APRS (Automatic Packet Reporting System)?

Providing real time tactical digital communications in conjunction with a map showing the locations 

of stations

Page 232: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What does the abbreviation PSK mean?

Page 233: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What does the abbreviation PSK mean?

Phase Shift Keying

Page 234: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is PSK31?

Page 235: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is PSK31?

A low­rate data transmission mode 

Page 236: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What may be included in packet transmissions?

Page 237: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What may be included in packet transmissions?

A check sum which permits error detectionA header which contains the call sign of the          station to which the information is being sentAutomatic repeat request in case of error

Page 238: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What code is used when sending CW in the amateur bands?

Page 239: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What code is used when sending CW in the amateur bands?

International Morse

Page 240: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What can be used to transmit CW in the amateur bands?

Page 241: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What can be used to transmit CW in the amateur bands?

Straight KeyElectronic KeyerComputer Keyboard

Page 242: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is an ARQ transmission system?

Page 243: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

What is an ARQ transmission system?

A digital scheme whereby the receiving station detects errors and sends a request to the sending 

station to retransmit the information 

Page 244: Technician License Course€¦ · AM/SSB/CW modes. •Required for ... Multiband Transceiver. Multiband Transceiver •Covers many bands – usually refers to coverage ... Transmitter

End of Module 11