9500 MPR Release 3

Alcatel-Lucent 9500 Microwave Packet Radio (MPR) is a solution for smooth transformation of backhaul networks from TDM/ATM to Ethernet. The 9500 MPR solution efficiently transports whatever multimedia traffic since it handles packets natively (packet mode) while still supporting legacy TDM traffic (hybrid mode), with the same Hardware. It also provides the Quality of Service (QoS) needed to satisfy end-users. This solution not only improves packet aggregation, but also increases the bandwidth and optimizes the Ethernet connectivity.

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3 WHAT IS THE PRODUCT? 5

3.1 Working Modes.......................................................................................................... 8

4 9500 MPR PLATFORM FEATURES 9

4.1 MSS ......................................................................................................................... 10

4.2 ODU 300 .................................................................................................................. 14

4.3 MPT ......................................................................................................................... 14 4.3.1 Multipurpose radio 15 4.3.2 Connectivity options 16 4.3.3 Frequency availability 16 4.3.4 XPIC 16

4.4 MPR-e...................................................................................................................... 17

ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING LIMITS 18

5 CARD DESCRIPTION 19

5.1 Core Board............................................................................................................... 19

5.2 PDH Access Board..................................................................................................... 21

5.3 Ethernet Access Card (EAS) ....................................................................................... 22

5.4 2E1 SFP .................................................................................................................... 23

5.5 ASAP Board.............................................................................................................. 24

5.6 SDH Access Card....................................................................................................... 25 5.6.1 STM-1 mux/demux application 26 5.6.2 STM-1 transparent transport application 26

5.7 EoSDH SFP................................................................................................................ 27

5.8 E3 SFP ...................................................................................................................... 28

5.9 Modem Board .......................................................................................................... 29

5.10 MPT Access Card ...................................................................................................... 30

5.11 AWY Access Card...................................................................................................... 32

5.12 Power injector plug-in .............................................................................................. 33

5.13 AUX board ............................................................................................................... 34

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5.14 Fan Board................................................................................................................. 36

5.15 +24V integrated DC/DC converter ............................................................................. 37

6 IDU DATASHEET 38

7 MODEM PERFORMANCES (ODU 300) 43

7.1 Bit Rate, Capacity and Roll-Off factor ........................................................................ 43

7.2 Dispersive Fade Margin (DFM) .................................................................................. 43

7.3 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)....................................................................................... 45

7.4 Co-Channel Threshold Degradation........................................................................... 45

8 MODEM PERFORMANCES (MPT) 46

8.1 Bit Rate, Capacity and Roll-Off factor1 ....................................................................... 46

8.2 Dispersive Fade Margin (DFM) .................................................................................. 46

8.3 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)....................................................................................... 48

8.4 Co-Channel Threshold Degradation........................................................................... 48

9 MEF-8 AND ATM 49

9.1 MEF-8 ...................................................................................................................... 49 9.1.1 BER performances 49 9.1.2 Packet Delay Variation control 50

9.2 ATM......................................................................................................................... 50 9.2.1 Physical layer Management 51 9.2.2 IMA layer management 51 9.2.3 ATM layer management 51 9.2.4 PW layer 52

10 ADAPTIVE MODULATION 54

10.1 Performances of Adaptive Modulation: .................................................................... 55

11 SYNCHRONIZATION 55

12 ETHERNET FEATURES 58

12.1 MAC Switching embedded Level 2 Ethernet............................................................ 58

12.2 Level-2 Addressing ................................................................................................... 58

12.3 Flooding................................................................................................................... 59

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12.4 Half bridge functionality ........................................................................................... 59

12.5 Summary of Ethernet Features Supported................................................................. 59 12.5.1 IEEE 802.3x Flow control 60 12.5.2 Asymmetric Flow control 60 12.5.3 802.1Q VLAN management 60 12.5.4 Link Aggregation (IEEE 802.3ad) 61

12.6 Ethernet OAM (IEEE 802.3ag).................................................................................... 61

12.7 Ethernet Ring Protection (ITU-T G.8032v2)....................................................... 63

12.8 Other features.......................................................................................................... 65 12.8.1 Stacked VLAN (Q-in-Q): 802.1ad 66 12.8.2 VLAN swap 66

12.9 Ethernet QoS............................................................................................................ 66 12.9.1 Traffic priority 66 12.9.2 IEEE 802.1P QoS configuration 67 12.9.3 DiffServ QoS configuration 67 12.9.4 Congestion management 67 12.9.5 Quality of Service 67

13 ODU 300 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION 70

13.1 ODU Capacities ........................................................................................................ 70

13.2 ODU300 RF specifications ......................................................................................... 72

14 MPT TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION 85

14.1 MPT Capacities......................................................................................................... 85

14.2 MPT RF specifications............................................................................................... 85

15 RADIO CONFIGURATIONS 93

15.1 Antenna Mount........................................................................................................ 95

15.2 Couplers................................................................................................................... 96

15.1 Ortho-Mode Transducers (OMT) ............................................................................... 98

16 MPT-GC TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION 99

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3 What is the product?

Alcatel-Lucent with its innovation of Microwave Packet radio has introduced for the first time a

Native packet microwave capable to be deployed on TDM network today and have already all the

required potentiality to move to a full packet network.

EthernetEthernet

PDH/CESPDH/CES

9500 MPR

at HUB site

PDH/SDHPDH/SDH

EthernetEthernet

ATM/IMAATM/IMA

ATM/PWATM/PW

Softwaresettings

Mobile2G, 3G, 4G

Fixed

PrivateBusiness office

Phone

DSL

Ethernet

ATM

TDM

From Backhaul Hybrid operational mode

Packet operational mode

EthernetEthernet

PDH/CESPDH/CES

9500 MPR

at HUB site

9500 MPR

at HUB site

PDH/SDHPDH/SDH

EthernetEthernet

ATM/IMAATM/IMA

PDH/SDHPDH/SDH

EthernetEthernet

PDH/SDHPDH/SDH

EthernetEthernet

PDH/SDHPDH/SDH

EthernetEthernet

ATM/IMAATM/IMA

ATM/PWATM/PW

SoftwaresettingsSoftwaresettings

Mobile2G, 3G, 4G

Fixed

PrivateBusiness officeBusiness office

Phone

DSL

Ethernet

ATM

TDM

From Backhaul Hybrid operational mode

Packet operational mode

9500 MPR can operate in Hybrid or Packet Mode with same hardware

Enabling possibility for smooth migration from Hybrid mode to Packet mode

9500 MPR in fact is a packet-based solution designed to address in native way networks where

packet based traffic is predominant, nevertheless supporting the still present TDM/ATM traffic,

which remains vital. 9500 MPR represents the solution to allow smooth migration from the TDM

world to the packet domain in the Mobile Backhauling networks. The different incoming traffics are

converted into Ethernet packets before sending them to the internal Ethernet switch, the packet

overhead on E1/STM-1 being removed before sent in the air.

As capacity grows in the access, the requirement for higher bandwidth support will be needed in the

backhaul as well as in the metro network. Alcatel-Lucent target to address metro networks

requirement with a carrier Ethernet based solution combined with microwave packet transport. The

result in the long run is a change in the backhaul from PDH links to carrier Ethernet and in the Metro

from SDH to carrier Ethernet packet rings, and eventually to mesh networks. Exploiting the benefits

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of packet architecture vs. circuit architecture (Multiservice aggregation, Service awareness, adaptive

packet transport) in accommodating broadband services, 9500 MPR allows the access equipment to

smoothly evolve in line with the new technology and related protocols (ATM/TDM/Ethernet) without

the need of renewal of an existing microwave site and protecting the already made investments.

69500 MPR is based on two separate elements:

the MSS, an indoor service switch that can also operate as a stand alone site

aggregator

the Radio Outdoor Unit, available in two options:

a) A universal ODU (ODU 300) as outdoor microwave packet transport.

b) A new multipurpose ODU, the MPT, open to be managed in the following

operating modes:

Split-Mount mode in conjunction with MSS

Standalone mode (for native Ethernet applications) connected directly to

any switch/router/base station

Moreover, ODU v1/v2 of 9400 AWY product line can be connected to MPR through a

dedicated board: operators with 9400 AWY installed base have a further opportunity

to evolve smoothly from their TDM based network to packet based network, without

changing the ODU whenever the capacity provided by AWY ODU covers customers

needs

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9500 MPR Node supports a mix of non-protected and protected or diversity operation for single link,

repeater or star radio configurations.

The core platform, MSS4/8, with multiplexing & symmetrical x-connection functions, is able to

manage different radio directions, with the possibility to add-drop tributaries in case of local

PDH/SDH/ATM/Ethernet accesses. Core platform is based on packet technology (Ethernet Switch)

with a generic interface serial 16 x GETH between Core and peripherals.

The peripherals currently available are:

- 32 ports E1 card for PDH applications

- 16 ports E1 card for native ATM/IMA applications

- AUX card for auxiliary channels and station alarms collection

- 2 ports STM-1 for SDH applications

- Ethernet Access switch card providing 8GE i/F

- Fan unit

The Outdoor Units are connected to the MSS:

- Via Modem card for ODU 300

- Via GE port of the Core Board or of the MPT Access card for MPT

- via the AWY Access card for AWY ODU v1/2

Industry-leading scalability and density is provided in the 9500 MPR, supporting a two rack unit MSS-

8 (2 RU) or a one rack unit MSS-4 (1 RU). The MSS-8 has eight slots, while MSS-4 has four slots; in

both cases, two are allocated for core cards (control and switch module), with the remaining six (or

two) being available for user traffic adapter cards (PDH access card, SDH Access Card, ATM access

card, Auxiliary card) or for radio card (modem, MPT Access Card, AWY Access Card). Each of the

adapter card slots can be used for any adapter card type, removing the burden of complex pre-

engineering and future scenario planning.

An additional variant of MSS-4 shelf is available, called MSS-4F. MSS-4F is a 1U pizza-box indoor unit,

offering the same functionalities of MSS-4, in a fixed configuration.

9500 MPR tail, supports a mix of non-protected and protected or diversity operation for single link.

For tail applications, the MSS-1c is able to manage up to 2 radio directions, with the possibility to

add-drop tributaries in case of local PDH/Ethernet accesses. MSS-1c is based on packet technology

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(Ethernet Switch) with a max capacity of 5 Gbps. MSS-1c is a half width one rack unit, offering a

compact and cost optimized solution.

The Alcatel-Lucent 9500 MPR has a compact, modular architecture, constructed to allow flexible use

of line adapter cards so operators can optimize the configuration to meet the specific requirements

of a site. With the modular architecture comes additional resiliency and flexibility. The solution can

optionally support 1+1 fully redundant configuration with core cards, PDH /SDH cards and radio

access cards; each type of card can be redundant independently. Full-protected configuration is

available, including EPS, RPS hitless, HSB and Core module protection.

9500 MPR together with all other Microwave and Optical transmission Network Elements is fully

integrated into 1350 OMS Network Management System providing all the tools required operating

the network. 9500MPR is also managed by the 5620 SAM broadband manager shared with the

Alcatel-Lucent IP product portfolios to provide full management and provision of the network at

service level.

3.1 Working Modes

9500 MPR provides, with a unique type of HW, two SW (Operational Systems) each one with its own

set of features and corresponding licenses:

Packet OS - Service Switch Aggregator

Hybrid OS - Traditional Microwave

The Service Aggregator OS allows configuring any features and any HW (included the Traditional MW

ones) supported in the release.

It is always possible to migrate (upgrade) from the Hybrid OS to the Packet OS by installing the

proper SW and upgrading the license accordingly. Over-air capacity per ODU installed is common for

both OS.

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4 9500 MPR Platform features

Unique features include:

Cost-effective wireless solution for High Capacity applications up to 530 Mbit/s equivalent

capacity per ODU/RF channel.

High Capacity Ethernet transport with embedded L2 switch

Intelligent Indoor nodal unit supports up to 12x ODU, expandable to 36 with stacking

configuration.

Multipurpose outdoor unit MPT working either in split mount or zero footprint

Universal Node Architecture

Aggregate any traffic type over a single traffic flow

Statistical Multiplexing gain thanks to the Data Aware Features

ODU capacity and modulation independent

Adaptive modulation error free service driven

Up to 16 Gigabit Switching Capability

TDM MEF8 Encapsulation

ATM over PW according to RFC 4717

E1, E3, SDH, Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet customer interfaces.

Support of legacy AWY ODU v1/v2

Hardened-temperature, from 40C to +65 C.

Optional +24V integrated DC/DC converter

Software-configurable traffic routing, without local cabling.

9500 MPR Craft Terminal, an advanced Java-based maintenance tool presents local and remote

node status with performance monitoring, configuration control and diagnostics.

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4.1 MSS

ODU300,MPT-xC

AWY ODU v1/v2

ODU300,MPT-xC

AWY ODU v1/v2

ODU300,MPT-xC

AWY ODU v1/v2

MPT-MCMPT-HC

MPT-MCMPT-HCMPT-GC

ODU300,MPT-xC

AWY ODU v1/v2

ODU300,MPT-xC

AWY ODU v1/v2

ODU300,MPT-xC

AWY ODU v1/v2

MPT-MCMPT-HC

MPT-MCMPT-HCMPT-GC

MSS

implements functionalities of grooming, routing, switching and protection, exploiting a packet-

oriented technology. It is a modular design through a variety of hot-swappable plug in cards.

The MSS is available in four different versions:

MSS-1c 1RU and a rack width shelf to support up to 2 MPT

MSS-1c

9500 MPR MSS-1c is a compact system, offering E1/DS1 , Ethernet connectivity and up to 2 radio

directions on a single hardware

The interfaces currently available are:

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- 16 ports E1/DS1

- 4 GETH ports, electrical and optical

- 2 ports for NMS chaining

- 1 port for local craft terminal

- 1 port for housekeeping (not managed in current release)

- 2 PFoE (power feed other Ethernet) ports for MPT connection

- 2 optical Gb Ethernet for MPT connection

Fan unit is optional and external to MSS-1c, requested for usage from 50C to reach 65C external

temperature.

MSS-8 2RU shelf to support up to 6 ODU 300, 12 MPT, 12 AWY ODU v1/v2

Supports up to 12 unprotected links, or 1 protected and 10 unprotected links, or 2

protected and 8 unprotected links, or 6 protected links.

MSS-8

MSS-4 1RU shelf to support up to 2 ODU 300, 6 MPT, 4 AWY ODU V1/V2

Supports up to 6 unprotected links, or 1 protected link and 4 unprotected links, or 2

protected links and 2 unprotected links

MSS-4

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MSS-4F 1RU shelf to support up to 4 MPT

Supports up to 4 unprotected links, or 1 protected and 2 unprotected links

9500 MPR MSS-4F is a compact system, offering E1 , Ethernet connectivity and up to 4 radio

directions on a single hardware. It inherits the same architecture of MSS-4 with a fixed equipment

composition.

The interfaces available are:

- 32 ports E1

- 3 GE electrical ports, 2 GE electrical/optical ports on SFP

- 1 GE electrical configurable Data/NMS Port

- 1 FE ports for local craft terminal

- 2 PFoE (power feed other Ethernet) ports for MPT connection

- 2 optical GE ports for MPT connection

- 1 x Sync CK input via 1.0-2.3 coaxial connector that can be used as source

for the Network Element clock

- 1 x Sync CK output via 1.0-2.3 coaxial connector that provides the NE Clock

9500 MPR MSS8 receives the Battery input through 2 power connectors mounted on the chassis

and connected directly to the Back plane; on MSS-4 and MSS-4F a single connector is available.

Each board receives the Battery input (via Back plane) and provides adaptation to the customer

central power bus.

MSS-4/8 slots are reserved this way:

Slot 1 is dedicated to the Core Main Board

Slot 2 is dedicated to the Core Spare Board or to DC injector card

Slots 3-8 are universal, reserved for transport and radio plug-ins

MSS-8 slot scheme

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Please note that for building protected radio links (with 2 radio access cards), the relevant boards

have to be put on the same horizontal level, i.e. coupled on slots 3-4, or 5-6, or 7-8.

MSS-4 slot scheme

The connection scheme between the modules and the core board in MSS-8 is depicted in the picture

below. The transport modules are connected via Gigabit Ethernet to the Core-E modules Ethernet

switch that is capable of merging and redirecting the traffic back to the transport modules or to the

radio. The case for MSS-4 is analogous.

MSS-8 Block diagram

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4.2 ODU 300

The ODU is a microprocessor controlled transceiver that interfaces the MSS with the antenna.

Transmitter circuits in the ODU consist of cable interface, modulator, local oscillator, up-

converter/mixer, power amplifier, and diplexer. Receive circuits consist of diplexer, low-noise

amplifier, local oscillator, down-converter/mixer, automatic gain control, and cable interface. The

microprocessor manages ODU frequency, transmit power alarming, and performance monitoring.

Power is provided by -48Vdc from the MSS to the ODU DC-DC converter. The ODU is frequency

band/TX-RX shifter dependent.

ODU 300

ODU 300 connects to the MSS via a single 50 coaxial cable, which carries transmit and receive IF

signals, telemetry signals, internal controls and ODU DC power.

4.3 MPT

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4.3.1 Multipurpose radio

The innovative outdoor unit design of MPT, with GbE standard interface, opens the way to optimized

cost solution in the backhaul network.

MPT is a unique radio capable with the same hardware to be used:

- in standalone configuration (i.e. w/o dedicated indoor units), particularly useful in tail sites enabling

direct interconnection to Base Stations. In this configuration the equipment is called MPR-e.

- in split-mount configuration with MSS indoors

The MPT is a Multipurpose Packet Radio that converts an Ethernet signal into a Radio signal; it

performs not only IF/RF functionalities, but hosts the modem section too. The input interface is a

standard Giga Ethernet interface (electrical or optical).

Ethernet traffic coming from MSS or from any GEthernet generic device (base station, router,

switch..) is transported to MPT through optical or electrical connectivity.

MPLS

Stand Alone Integrated MW in

CARRIER

ETHERNET

Nodal Split-Mount

Hybrid Connectivit

Optimize E1 and Ethernet

NO IDU

MSS-1c

Any BS

Any CPE

MSS-4/8 SAR/TSS

Single MW solution across multiple use

MPT

Multi purpose Microwave Radio Concept

Optimize Ethernet Only

Optimize Fixed/Mobil

e

Optimize Microwave

Nodal

Optimize MPLS Node

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4.3.2 Connectivity options

In case of electrical connectivity, indoor/outdoor distance up to 100m,a single CAT5 cable connects

an MPT to the MSS, or the GEthernet generic device.

In case of optical connectivity, two cables connect an MPT to the MSS or GEthernet generic device:

one cable is a 50 ohm coaxial cable to send the -48 V power supply to the MPT; the second is an

Ethernet CAT5 cable.

4.3.3 Frequency availability

MPT covers the full range of frequencies from 6 GHz to 38GHz and 70/80 GHz.

4.3.4 XPIC

Thanks to XPIC function, MPT can provide twice the capacity in one frequency channel ( Co-channel

Dual Polarized) for any combination of Ethernet, PDH and SDH up to 1Gbps.

This is very useful when access to frequency channels is limited.

Two traffic management are possible:

Configuration by default: traffic flows statically configured and separated by the user.

Operator can segregate the two radio interfaces.

In case of LAG, the mechanism is hashing the data flow. In case of hardware failure all the

traffic is redistributed to the working radio and traffic dropping is performed according to

QoS. LAG in conjunction with XPIC is providing both capacity increase and protection of the

high priority traffic

MPT being a multipurpose radio, ALU implemented an innovative solution to allow XPIC upgrade.

MPT-HC is capable to be upgraded in XPIC in field thanks to a dedicated module directly integrated in

the outdoor unit.

Several configurations are available:

2x(1+0) XPIC configuration : 2 MPT-HC interconnected together with XPIC cable. This

configuration allows operating simultaneously two links on the same radio channel, with one

using the vertical polarization, the other one the horizontal.

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Double 1+1 HSB XPIC : this configuration allows to protect 100% the traffic loaded on

polarization H and V in case of failure.

Double 1+1 SD HSB XPIC : same configuration as before with 2 antennas

4.4 MPR-e

MPR-e is a new concept of radio outdoor radio.

Current MPT radio thanks to its GEthernet interface and its modem has a full flexible architecture

capable to support either split-mount architecture and stand alone architecture.

This flexibility is minimizing drastically the number of spare MPT and allowing to operator to change

his network topology based on the same hardware (full outdoor can become split-mount or the

opposite). Any GEthernet generic device (base station, switch, router..) will become capable to

transmit traffic other the air.

The Ethernet traffic is transmitted over the radio channel according to the configured QoS and to the

scheduler algorithms.

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Environmental Operating Limits

Item Limit

Storage ETS 300019-1-1, Class 1.2

ETS 300019-2-1, Class 1.2

Transportation ETS 300019-1-2, Class 2.3

ETS 300019-2-2, Class 2.3

ETS EN 300 019-1-3 class 3.2

ETS EN 300 019-2-3 class 3.2

MSS-4 & 8:-40 to +65 C [1]

MSS-1c: -40 to + 55 C (with external fan up to +65C)

0 to 95% humidity, non-condensing

Stationary use

MSS

Dust and throw of water

MSS-4&8: IP20

MSS-1c: IP30

ETS EN 300 019-1-4 Class 4.1

ETS EN 300 019-2-4 Class 4.1

ETSI EN 300 019-2-2 Rev. 9/2000 (for MPT-GC)

Guaranteed Temp. range: -33 to +55 C (Without sun shield)

relative humidity 100%

Dust and throw of water: IPX6 for ODU300 and IP67 for MPT

Extended range: -40 to +65 C with solar shield

Stationary use

ODU 300/MPT

(At extended operating temperatures 9500 MPR may be

subject to reduced performance. Contact Alcatel-Lucent for

details)

Environmental

Altitude 4000m

Acoustic ETS 300753 Telecommunication equipment room (attended),

Class 3.2

Safety

EN 60950 : 2001 + A11:2004 to EN 60950 : 2001

EN 60825-1:2001

EN 60825-2:2007

EN 50385 : 2002

EMC

EN 301 489-1 V1.8.1 (04/2008)

EN 301 489-4 V1.3.1 (08/2002)

Radiated emissions Class B [2]

Spectrum EN 302 217-2-2 V1.3.1 (04/2009)

Notes: [1] Cold start is guaranteed at -20 C [2] Class A with ASAP board equipped.

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5 Card Description

5.1 Core Board

The Core Board provides the key node management, control functions and Ethernet User traffic

management by performing the following macro functions:

MSS Controller to manage all the peripheral modules. MSS has a one layer control

architecture implemented by a microprocessor acting as Equipment Controller and Physical

Machine Controller.

Layer-2 Ethernet Switch performing Cross-Connect function between all the peripherals and

Ethernet ports. The switch assures to the system a complete interconnections between all

the boards connected into MSS node. The cross-connection between the boards is realized

by 1.25 GHz link.

Clock Reference Unit (CRU) with main function to generate the Network Element Clock.

Core Board

The core board could be protected through a Core Spare (same PN of Core Main) that can be

added to provide Control platform redundancy and protection of aggregated data using an external

switch. The Core Board also carries the Compact Flash Card, which holds the terminal SW

Configuration and Node License.

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The Frontal panel interfaces provide:

3 x 10/100/1000 Base T Data Port

1 x 10/100/1000 Base T configurable Data/NMS Port

2 x SFP Optical or Electrical GETH

1 x 10/100 Base-T LAN for 9500 MPR Craft Terminal or NMS

1 x Local CT Mini USB to upload Pre-Provisioning File (unused)

1 x Sync CK input via 1.0-2.3 coaxial connector that can be used as source for the Network

Element clock

1 x Sync CK output via 1.0-2.3 coaxial connector that provides the NE Clock

5 LED indicators for test and status

Core Board Frontal Panel

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5.2 PDH Access Board

The PDH Access Board has the aim to manage the specificities of the related external interface, to

implement the adaptation function between the external interface and the boundary internal

interface providing the consistency to the established SLA rules.

The PDH Access Board has two main functions:

Termination or reconstruction of the E1 signal with the original PDH Timing meeting

G823/824 Requirements.

Encapsulation/Extraction of those PDH data flows into/from std Eth packets MEF8

Compliant

PDH Access Board

The Front Panel Interfaces include:

32xE1

One Led indicator for status

In case of EPS line protection two boards will be plugged inside the sub rack and an additional

protection panel will perform a Y connection for both Tx and Rx PDH signals.

The card version is 32-port adapter.

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5.3 Ethernet Access Card (EAS)

In case more than 6 local Ethernet access are needed (that are built-in in the core card), 8 GE ports

card offers additional 8 10/100/1000 Ethernet interfaces.

An embedded 10 Gbit/sec L2 switch is present on the card.

There are 4 Electrical 10/100/1000 base-T electrical ports and 4 optical SFP (LX and SX).

Supported features:

IEEE 802.1D

User Selectable QoS : none, DiffServ or 802.1p bits

VLAN management 802.1Q

Q-in-Q IEEE 802.1Q

Port segregation

Flow control 802.3x

Auto-negotiation enable/disable

Support of jumbo frames (9728 bytes) on FE/GE interfaces

Per port policer

Per flow policer

Broadcast/Multicast storm control

MAC address control list

VLAN swap

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5.4 2E1 SFP

In order to target applications where a few number of E1s are needed, a miniature E1 over GE

converter is available. 2E1 SFP is SFP device that provides two G. 703 E1 interfaces, supporting the

same functionalities of 32E1 PDH card. In addition, this device is able to generate a dummy framed

E1 in order to provide synchronization to an external equipment (like a BTS).

This device can be used instead of 32E1 PDH card when the requested E1 connectivity is limited,

saving in this way one slot in MSS4/MSS8 that can be used by other cards.

2E1 SFP

2xE1 SFP can be plugged in one of the two SFP ports of Core card, providing two G. 703 E1 interfaces

(up to 4xE1 in case Core Card hosts 2 SFP). EPS protection is available in case Core Card is protected:

the secondary SFP is hosted by the stand-by Core, and a Y cable is provided to connect the 2 SFP.

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5.5 ASAP Board

16E1 ASAP (Any Service Any Port) board is one of the peripherals units of 9500MPR. It enables the

management of ATM services on 9500MPR, collecting native IMA traffic, terminating the IMA groups

and encapsulating/extracting the ATM cells into/from ATM PW packets towards the core board.

Like the PDH Access Card, the ASAP Card has the aim to manage the specificities of the related

external interface, to implement the adaptation function between the external interface and the

boundary internal interface providing the consistency to the established SLA rules.

ASAP card performs the following functions:

Termination of ATM/IMA groups.

Encapsulation/Extraction of those ATM flows into/from ATM PW packets according to RFC

4717 (N:1 mode, with N=1)

ASAP Board

The Front Panel Interfaces include:

16xE1

Four Led indicators

ASAP card is sharing same cords and same connectors of PDH access board for local access.

The Card Version is 16-Port Adapter.

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5.6 SDH Access Card

9500MPR SDH Access card is the board that enables 9500 MPR to be connected to a SDH network.

The same board can be used in two different working modes, addressing two different network

scenarios:

STM-1 mux/demux

STM-1 transparent transport over the radio

SD

H Access Board

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5.6.1 STM-1 mux/demux application

The STM-1 mux/demux behaves as a terminal multiplexer; it terminates or originates the

SDH frame. It multiplexes up to 63xE1 into a STM-1 electrical/ optical line connection.

Standard VC4 mapping of lower-order E1 traffic streams to/from STM-1 is applied, that

means that a VC4 directly maps up to 63xVC12 into an STM-1 signal (in turn each VC12

contains 1xE1)

Typical application is a direct connection to SDH add-drop multiplexers (ADMs)

5.6.2 STM-1 transparent transport application

In this application the board has the aim to manage the specificities of the related external

interface and to implement the adaptation function between the external interface and the

boundary internal interface. Up to 2xSTM-1/OC-3 are transparently transported through a

single radio link.

The card supports 1xSTM-1 in channelized mode or up to 2xSTM-1 interfaces in transparent

transport mode (2 optical interfaces or 1 electrical interface)

The Front Panel Interfaces include:

2x SFP (optical LC connector or electrical 1.0x2.3 connector)

One Led indicator for status

In case of EPS line protection two boards are plugged inside the sub rack. Optional splitter Y-cables

are provided for both Tx and Rx SDH signals.

27

5.7 EoSDH SFP

Ethernet over SDH (EoSDH) SFP is miniature Gigabit Ethernet over STM-1/OC3 converter that bridges

between GE networks and SDH networks providing simple and efficient Gigabit Ethernet connectivity

over SDH.

The device offers a migration path for connecting future-ready IP devices to existing SDH/SONET

networks

EoSDH SFP

EoS SFP supports the following basic features:

Delivers Gigabit Ethernet traffic over a single STM-1/OC-3 link

Supports standard GFP encapsulation according to G.7041/Y.1303: Gigabit Ethernet

frames are mapped into VC-4 or STSc-3

Physical interface is 1xSTM-1 optical in a SFP cage with LC connector.

EoSDH SFP can be plugged in one of the two SFP ports of Core card (up to 2xSTM-1 in case Core

Card hosts 2 SFP). EPS protection is available in case Core Card is protected: the secondary SFP

is hosted by the stand-by Core, and an optical splitter is provided to connect the 2 SFP.

28

5.8 E3 SFP

E3 SFP is a TDM Pseudo wire access gateway extending TDM-based services over packet-switched

networks.

E3 SFP

The device converts the data stream from its user E3 interface into packets for transmission

over 9500 MPR network; the addressing scheme is MEF8. These packets are transmitted via

the SFP port of the Core Board; a remote E3 SFP converts the packets back to TDM traffic.

Physical interface is 1xE3 electrical in a SFP cage with 1.0x2.3 connector.

E3 SFP can be plugged in one of the two SFP ports of Core card (up to 2xE3 in case Core Card

hosts 2 SFP). EPS protection will be managed in future releases.

29

5.9 Modem Board

The Modem Peripheral Modules are the intermediary between the digital base band and the ODU,

adapting the core output into the ODU 300 input.

The main features are:

Classification of incoming packets from the Core Board

Air Frame generation and optimization

Modulation/Demodulation Functions plus FEC

Conversion at IF frequency

Modem Card

Main physical characteristics:

Single Coaxial Cable with 50 QMA Connector

The cable transports HDB3 TX/RX signal and DC voltage

Two LED indicators for status

The card supports adaptive modulation feature: it means to adjust adaptively the modulation based

on the near-instantaneous channel quality information perceived by the receiver, which is fed back

to the transmitter with the aid of a feedback channel. Modulation switching is error-less with

fading speed up to 100 dB/sec for any type of services (TDM, ATM or Ethernet).

30

Radio protection based on frequency diversity or space diversity with a hitless switching at the

receiver side is available.

5.10 MPT Access Card

The MPT Access Card is dedicated to connect the MPT to MSS, especially for 1+1 configurations.

Up to two MPT can be connected to the MPT Access Card

Main physical characteristics:

2 x 10/100/1000 Base T Port for electrical data to/from MPT. These ports can

also power the MPT through the same CAT5 cable.

2 x SFP Optical GETH for optical data connectivity to/from MPT

Double 50 QMA Connectors as an option for MPT Power feeding in case of optical

connectivity

Main Functions:

o Provide traffic interface between Core switch and MPT

o Provide the power supply interface to the MPT

o Lightning and surge protection for both electrical GETH and power interfaces that are

connected to MPT

o MPT 1+1 protection management

o Clock distribution function

o Radio Link Quality notification through MPR Protection Protocol frames

MPT Access Card

31

o Communication with Core controller for provisioning and status report.

32

5.11 AWY Access Card

The AWY Access Card is dedicated to connect 9400 AWY ODU v1/v2, and it enables the possibility to

re-use the already installed AWY ODUs. The AWY Access Card is the intermediary between the digital

base band and the ODU, adapting the core output into the AWY ODU v1/v2 input.

The main features are:

Classification of incoming packets from the Core Board

Air Frame generation and optimization

Power feed of the ODU

Main physical characteristics are :

Double Coaxial Cable with 50 QMA Connector

The cable transports HDB3 TX/RX signal and DC voltage

Two tri-state LED indicators for ODU activity status

Two ODUs AWY can be connected to the same plug-in, in the following configurations:

1+0

2x(1+0)

1+1 on the same board (RPS only)

AWY Access Card

33

All the features available on the 9500MPR platform are available also with AWY ODU, without the

need of changing IDU-ODU cable, couplers and antennas. AWY Access card must be equipped on

both sides of the radio link.

Supported modem profiles are the one supported by AWY platform, i.e. 4QAM and 16QAM (fixed

modulation) in channel spacing 3.5MHz, 7 MHz, 14 MHz and 28 MHz.

5.12 Power injector plug-in

This card can be used for several applications:

When MPT is connected to CORE, power injector is needed to provide power to the MPT

at optimized price When MPT is used in stand alone (MPR-e) and connected to 7705SAR, Power injector

plug-in can be used inside 7705 chassis to power MPT A box version is also available for all other applications of MPR-e.

Main physical characteristics:

2 DC connectors in the front (box), or power from the backpanel. 2 RJ45 for the data in 2 RJ 45 for the data + DC out 2 LEDs indicating the presence of DC voltage on each Ethernet output

Power injector plug-in

34

5.13 AUX board

Service channels accesses and housekeeping alarm are supported by auxiliary peripheral.

Auxiliary cards support two main functions:

Auxiliary data channels management (2 x 64 Kbit/s service channels)

External I/O management

AUX Board

Auxiliary board front panel is equipped with four connectors:

EOW connector

Service channel interface #1 (RS422 V11 DCE 64 kbit/s)

Service channel interface #2 (RS422 V11 DCE 64 kbit/s)

Housekeeping interface (6 inputs + 7 outputs. The polarity of each alarm is user configurable

and a user defined label could be added per each alarm)

Only one auxiliary card per NE can be equipped, and in a fixed position: it can be lodged in slot 8

(bottom right) of MSS-8 or in slot 4 (bottom right) of MSS-4.

Typical applications for AUX board are :

transport over MPR of the ingress service channels that could be delivered for example by

9400 LUX 40/50, LUX12, 9400AWY 2.0/2.1, 9500 MXC

35

transport over MPR of the ingress service channels that could be delivered by end user. Note

in case of 64 Kbit/sec the end user must be always configured as DTE.

transport over MPR of the TMN signal coming from:

o LUX 12, V11 9.6 Kbit/s RQ2 protocol

o LUX 40/50, V11 9.6 Kbit/s SNMP protocol

Please note that in the last case MPR is taking care of pure transport; no termination of TMN channel

is done inside MPR using aux card, while recommended TMN chain is done using Ethernet TMN

interface for 9400AWY and 9500 MXC.

36

5.14 Fan Board A FAN card is required into the shelf. The FAN holds three long-life axial fans, which are controlled

and performance-monitored by the controller.

Fan Board (side1)

To have high reliability 3 fans are used with separate alarms in order to understand the urgency (two

or three fans failed) or the not urgency condition (one fan failed).

The Unit is inserted from front side to avoid payload interruptions in case of fan maintenance. The

FAN is hot swappable and in-service replacement doesn't affect traffic.

Fan Board (side2)

37

5.15 +24V integrated DC/DC converter

An optional +24V DC/DC converter is available.

One or two converters will be able to slide on the MSS chassis, side by side, in a single card slot. One

converter will be used in configurations where single, non redundant A battery feed is used. Two

converters on the single chassis will be used when dual, redundant, A and B battery feeds are

used. In either configurations, the +24VDC to -48VDC will use a single vacant slot of the MSS chassis.

There will be no interconnection between the converter(s) and the MSS backplane. Both the +24 VDC

input and -48 VDC output will be via 2 position connectors on the front of the unit. The space

available in the MSS slot is shown below

The converter(s) will receive its input(s) from +24 VDC primary power feed(s) and the -48 VDC

output(s) will be connected to the MSS -48 VDC inputs located on the right side of the MSS chassis

via a short external power cable, providing -48 VDC to the MSS, in the same way the shelf is powered

when -48 VDC primary is used as oppose to +24 VDC.

+24V DC/DC converter can power any module in the shelf (and of course related ODU connected to

the module) up to a total power consumption of 348 watts.

+24V DC/Dc converter can be used either in MSS4 or in MSS8 shelf.

38

6 IDU Datasheet

MSS-8 Indoor Chassis 2RU

Number of Slots 9

Slots Dedicated to FAN unit 1

Slots dedicated for Core Boards 2

Slots dedicated for Access/Modem Boards 6

Electrical DC Supply input range -40.5 to -57,6 VDC

DC connector 2-pin DSUB power type

Weight (nominal) < 3.8 kg

Dimensions (including mounting brackets) 88mm (2RU) x 482mm x 250mm

MSS-4 Indoor Chassis 1RU

Number of Slots 5

Slots Dedicated to FAN unit 1

Slots dedicated for Core Boards 2

Slots dedicated for Access/Modem Boards 2

Electrical DC Supply input range -40.5 to -57,6 VDC

DC connector 2-pin DSUB power type

Weight (nominal) < 2.8 kg

Dimensions (including mounting brackets) 44mm (1RU) x 482mm x 250mm

MSS-4 F Indoor Chassis 1RU

User traffic LAN interface Type 2x 10/100/1000 baseT

Connector 2x 8-pin RJ45

Type 2xGE Optical 1000Base-LX/SX SFP or

Electrical 1000-BaseT

Connector SFP module

User traffic TDM interface Standards Compliance E1, Compliant to ITU-T Rec. G.703, G.823

Line code HDB3

Connectors 37-pin SUBD

Impedance 75W unbalanced or 120W balanced,

configurable

Bandwidth up to 32 E1 links

Interface towards MPT Data 2x10/100/1000BaseT RJ45, 2xGE optical

Power Power feed over Ethernet, 2xQMA

LED Indicators 9

Electrical DC Supply input range -40.5 to -57,6 VDC

Under voltage protection -32 VDC

DC connector 2-pin DC connector

Power consumption

39

MSS-1c Indoor unit 1RU

Monoboard

Electrical DC Supply input range -40.5 to -57,6 VDC

DC connector 2-pin DC connector

Weight (nominal) < 1 kg

Dimensions (including mounting brackets) 44mm (1RU) x 235mm x 176mm

LAN interface Type 2x 10/100/1000 baseT

Connector 2x 8-pin RJ45

Type 2xGE Optical 1000Base-LX/SX SFP or

Electrical 1000-BaseT

Connector SFP module

User traffic TDM interface Connectors 37-pin SUBD

Impedance 75W unbalanced or 120W balanced,

configurable

Interface towards MPT Data 2x10/100/1000BaseT RJ45, 2xGE optical

Power GE electrical i/f with MPT MC, 2xQMA

with MPT HC

Power consumption

40

Modem Card

General

IF connector QMA

IF interface Transmit 311 MHz, -8.0 to -12.0 dBm

Receive 126 MHz, -8 to -27 dBm

LED Indicators 2x Tri-state ('Online', 'Status')

Dimensions (including front panel and rear connector) 22mm x 230mm x 170mm (H,L,W)

Weight < 0.38 kg (0.84 lb)

MOD300

Capacities supported 10 to 350Mbit/s

Modulations supported 4,16, 32, 64, 128, 256 QAM

Adaptive modulation supported YES

Power consumption

41

Access Cards

PDH Access Board

LED Indicators 1 Status led

Power consumption (nominal)

42

Power consumption (nominal)

43

Auxiliary data Aux Data

Channels

2

Interface RS422

Line rate 64 Kbit/s, synchronous

Connector type 15 pin D-SUB

Alarm I/O External Alarm

Inputs

6

External Alarm

Outputs

7

Connector type 15 pin D-SUB

7 Modem Performances (ODU 300)

7.1 Bit Rate, Capacity and Roll-Off factor

Modem Profile

Net radio

throughput

(Mbps)

Air Bit

Rate

(Mbps)

Symbol

rate

(Mbaud)

Number of

E1/STM-1

Remaining E1/Eth

capacity Any

Length

(64-1518) with

STM-1

Roll-Off

Factor

7MHz 4QAM 10,88 11,87 5,93 4 - 0,18

7MHz 16QAM 21,76 23,73 5,93 8 - 0,18

7MHz 64QAM 32,64 35,6 5,93 13 - 0,18

14MHz 4QAM 21,76 23,73 11,87 8 - 0,18

14MHz 16QAM 43,52 47,47 11,87 18 - 0,18

14MHz 64QAM 65,28 71,21 11,87 27 - 0,18

28MHz 4QAM 43,52 47,47 23,74 18 - 0,18

28MHz 16QAM 87,04 94,95 23,74 37 - 0,18

28MHz 32QAM 111,36 120,44 24,09 48 - 0,16

28MHz 64 QAM 130,56 142,42 23,74 56 - 0,18

28MHz 128QAM 156,8 171,05 24,43 68 - 0,15

28MHz 256QAM 177,6 193,75 24,22 77

1xSTM-1

-

8E1/19,07Mbit/s 0,21

56MHz 16QAM 166,4 181,53 45,38 72

1xSTM-1

-

3E1/8,16Mbit/s 0,23

56MHz 128QAM 313,6 333,45 47,64 136

1xSTM-1

-

68E1/151,65Mbit/s 0,18

56MHz 256QAM 345,6 377,02 47,13 150

2xSTM-1

-

13E1/30,16Mbit/s 0,19

Note: table values are typical.

7.2 Dispersive Fade Margin (DFM)

Channel spacing Modulation Symbol rate DFM

44

7 MHz 16QAM 5,93 72,88

7 MHz 64QAM 5,93 60,88

14 MHz 16QAM 11,87 67

14 MHz 64QAM 11,87 57,26

28 MHz 16QAM 23,74 58

28 MHz 32QAM 24,09 54

28 MHz 64QAM 23,74 54,65

28 MHz 128QAM 24,43 48

28 MHz 256QAM 24,22 49,18

56 MHz 128QAM 47,64 41

56 MHz 256QAM 47,13 40,76

Note: DFM values are typical.

45

7.3 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)

Channel spacing Modulation SNR@BER=10e-3 [dB] SNR@BER=10e-6 [dB]

4QAM 9,3 10

16QAM 15,7 17 7 MHz

64QAM 21,6 22,7

4QAM 9,2 10,1

16QAM 15,3 16,3 14 MHz

64QAM 21,5 22,5

4QAM 8,9 9,8

16QAM 15,4 16,4

32QAM 18,6 19,6

64QAM 21,5 22,5

128QAM 24,3 25,3

28 MHz

256 QAM 27,6 28,3

128 QAM 24,8 25,9 56 MHz

256QAM 27,6 28,3

Note: SNR values are typical.

7.4 Co-Channel Threshold Degradation

Modulation 1 dB degradation @BER=10e-6 3 dB degradation @BER=10e-6

QPSK 17 dB 14 dB

16QAM 23 dB 18.5 dB

32QAM 26 dB 22 dB

64QAM 29 dB 24 dB

128QAM 34 dB 28.5 dB

256QAM 35 dB 30 dB

Note: Threshold values are typical.

46

8 Modem Performances (MPT)

8.1 Bit Rate, Capacity and Roll-Off factor1

Please refer to 9500MPR ETSI Techical summaty spreadsheet

8.2 Dispersive Fade Margin (DFM)

Profile DFM

4QAM - 28 MHz 70

8PSK - 28 MHz 69,3

16QAM - 56 MHz 56,6

16QAM - 28 MHz 64,6

16QAM - 14 MHz 70,7

32QAM - 56 MHz 49,3

32QAM - 28 MHz 56,1

32QAM - 14 MHz 67

32QAM - 7 MHz 73,5

64QAM - 56 MHz 46,7

64QAM - 28 MHz 55,1

64QAM - 14 MHz 65,1

64QAM - 7 MHz 72,6

128QAM - 56 MHz 43,3

128QAM - 28 MHz 53,1

128QAM - 14 MHz 69,7

128QAM - 7 MHz 70,4

47

256QAM - 56 MHz 40,7

256QAM - 28 MHz 49,4

256QAM - 14 MHz 58,7

256QAM - 7 MHz 69,6

48

8.3 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)

SNR @ 10-6 BER (dB) 3,5 MHz 7 MHz 14 MHz 28 MHz 40 MHz 56 MHz

QPSK 9,5 dB 8,0 dB 8,0 dB 8,0 dB CLass2

8PSK 13,0 dB 12,5 dB 12,0 dB 12,0 dB

16QAM 14,5 dB 14,0 dB 13,6 dB 13,6 dB 13,6 dB CLass4

32QAM 18,8 dB 18,1 dB 17,4 dB 17,4 dB 17,4 dB

64QAM 21,6 dB 20,8 dB 20,2 dB 20,2 dB 20,2 dB 20,2 dB CLass5

128QAM 25,0 dB 24,0 dB 24,0 dB 24,0 dB 24,0 dB

CLass6 256QAM 27,6 dB 26,7 dB 26,5 dB 26,5 dB 26,5 dB

8.4 Co-Channel Threshold Degradation

Modulation 1 dB degradation @BER=10e-6 3 dB degradation @BER=10e-6

QPSK 13 dB 8 dB

8PSK 18 dB 13 dB

16QAM 20 dB 15 dB

32QAM 24 dB 19 dB

64QAM 27 dB 22 dB

128QAM 29 dB 24 dB

256QAM 32.5 dB 27.5 dB

49

9 MEF-8 and ATM

9.1 MEF-8 As described in MetroEthernet Forum, MEF-8 is a standard for implementing interoperable CES

equipment that reliably transport TDM circuits across Metro Ethernet Networks while meeting the

required performance of circuit emulated TDM services as defined in ITU-T and ANSI TDM

standards. The Circuit Emulation Service (CES) emulates a circuit network, by packetizing,

encapsulating and tunneling the TDM traffic over Ethernet.

MEF-8 Service Definitions

Alcatel-Lucent 9500 MPR implements a proprietary technique that reduces to a few percentages the

overhead improving the use on bandwidth on air when MEF-8 emulated circuits are transported. The

improvement depends on the MEF-8 payload size and frame format and in case of TDM2TDM results

in having quite the same efficiency than a traditional TDM radio.

9.1.1 BER performances

When MEF-8 Ethernet frames are transmitted through a noisy medium (e.g. the Radio Physical

Layer), bit errors may occur. If an Ethernet frame is affected by one error, this is detected and the

entire frame is dropped. This affects the TDM with a worse BER that if compared with a traditional

TDM over TDM transmission process, it is higher, multiplied by a factor that is the frame length.

In order to avoid such BER degradation a technique is implemented such as for any reasonable BER

on the Radio Channel, the TDM transported by MEF-8 CESoETH is affected by the same BER without

any multiplication effect.

50

9.1.2 Packet Delay Variation control A technique is implemented in order to control Packet Delay Variation (PDV) affecting MEF-8

Ethernet frames. With this technique the waiting time that affects MEF-8 Ethernet frames are not

depending on the length of the Ethernet frame.

This gives benefit in term of packet delay variation minimization, so that any kind of services (VoIP,

TDM, ATM, Ethernet) is experiencing a small cost value of PDV, independently and regardless of the

traffic load.

9.2 ATM 9500 MPR terminates the native ATM stream collected through ASAP card and to aggregate this

traffic into a unique Ethernet flow towards the air.

In the 9500 MPR node facing the Core Network, the original ATM stream can be either re-built on

ASAP card or sent as ATM PW packets through Ethernet interface.

ASAP card supports Inverse Multiplexing over ATM (IMA) v.1.1. It is possible to configure up to 8 IMA

groups on the same card; a single IMA group can support 1 to 16 E1 links.

The ASAP card extracts the ATM cells from each IMA group and discards the empty cells, optimizing

the bandwidth; it performs policing on ATM traffic and encapsulates the ATM cells into Ethernet

packets, according to RFC 4717.

At radio level, 9500 MPR manages the QoS of the original ATM stream according to the ATM services

category. Each ATM flow is assigned to a different radio queue according to its priority.

Same proprietary technique used in MEF-8 transport to improve the use on bandwidth on air, the

BER and PDV are also used to improve the ATM transport.

Two main applications are foreseen for ATM services:

ATM to ATM (ATM hand-off) 9500MPR terminates the native ATM stream collected though

ASAP board and aggregates this traffic into a unique Ethernet flow at Radio Side. In the last

9500MPR node facing Core Network, the original ATM flows are re-built on ASAP board. ATM

aggregation is performed by collecting the traffic of multiple NodeB onto a single IMA group

with a reduced number of E1 output links. In this scenario, optimization is achieved at radio

level and in terms of number of E1 interfaces towards core network.

51

ATM PW IMA groups are terminated by MPR network on NodeB side and ATM traffic,

encapsulated into Ethernet frames, is transported into the Core Network towards RNC. At

RNC site, MPLS gateways shall de-capsulate the ATM cells from the Ethernet frames and

rebuild the original ATM streams.

9.2.1 Physical layer Management

Compliant to ATM E1 Physical Layer Specification AF-PHY-0064.000

16 E1s supported (with usual HDB3 line coding)

Physical impedance configurable (twisted pair 120 Ohm balanced or coax. 75 Ohm

unbalanced)

Each E1 port could be configured to be:

node timing (i.e. clock is derived from the common network element clock)

loop timing (i.e the clock is derived from the incoming E1)

9.2.2 IMA layer management

Compliant to Inverse Multiplexing for ATM (IMA) Specification Version 1.1 AF-PHY-0086.

IMA version 1.1

IMA frame length:128

IMA clock mode: CTC

Support up to 8 IMA groups on the same card

Minimum number of transmit links (E1s) inside one IMA group to consider active the group is

user configurable. Default value is 1.

Maximum number of transmit links (E1s) inside one IMA group is 16

Maximum differential delay among links is user configurable, up to 75 ms. Default value is 25

ms.

IMA group ID is user configurable (range from 0 t0 255)

9.2.3 ATM layer management

Compliant to ATM traffic management version 4.1 AF-TM-0121.000 and to Addendum to

ATM TM v 4.1 for UBR MDCR AF-TM-0150.000

Up to 48 VPs/VCs for each ATM interface (IMA group) could be defined

52

For each VP/VC defined inside an ATM interface, an ATM Traffic descriptor for the ingress

(ATM to Packet direction) and egress (Packet to ATM direction) directions could be defined,

as foreseen by relevant standards.

Parameters for ATM Traffic descriptor that are configurable:

Service category: CBR (Constant Bit Rate), UBR+, UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate)

PCR value: Peak Cell Rate [cell/sec] specified for all service categories

MDCR value: Minimum Desired Cell Rate [cell/sec] specified for UBR+. MDCR=0 for UBR

In order to further optimize the radio bandwidth, the following traffic management is

supported:

CBR: traffic is transported at the PCR (peak cell rate)

UBR+ : traffic is transported at the MDCR (Minimum Desired Cell Rate), the traffic

exceeding the MDCR (but below PCR) is transported if radio bandwidth is available

UBR: traffic is transported as best effort

Two different working modes are possible:

VCC mode (Virtual Circuit Connection): the transport of ATM traffic into Ethernet frames is

done encapsulating into the same Ethernet flow only ATM cells belonging to the same VC.

VPC mode (Virtual Path Connection): the transport of ATM traffic into Ethernet frames is

done encapsulating into the same Ethernet flow all ATM cells belonging to the same VP,

whatever the VC

Interface types supported are both UNI/NNI, to be chosen at NE level.

9.2.4 PW layer

ATM PW service support N:1 Cell Mode encapsulation with N=1.

Key parameters PWs flows are related to cell concatenation:

o Maximum number of concatenated ATM cells; this value answers to how many

ATM cells in one Ethernet frame?. Usual value are low for CBR traffic (L=2) and

higher for UBR (L=10)

o Timeout value; this value answers to how long it is needed to wait for next ATM

cell?. Usual value are low for real time traffic (1 ms) and higher for non real time

traffic (5 ms)

For each ATM PW flow, it is possible to change VPI/VCI value of the transported cells to a

different value (VPI/VCI Translation)

Ingress VPI/VCI translation (ATM-> Ethernet direction): VPI/VCI value of ATM cells

encapsulated into PW Ethernet frames is changed to a user configurable value

Egress VPI/VCI translation (Ethernet -> ATM direction) : Whatever is the VPI/VCI value

within ATM cells transported by ATM PW frame, VPI/VCI value is changed (into the ATM

53

Cells sent towards ATM interface) according to the configured value of related VP (in case of

VPC mode) or VC (VCC mode) of ATM interface

Capacity: it is possible to support: o Up to 48 ATM PWs for each ATM interface (IMA group) that can be supported on

the same ASAP card

o Up to 128 ATM PWs on the same ASAP card

54

10 Adaptive Modulation

To be able to fulfill the required quality of service (QoS) parameter of the specific applications,

together with the goal of efficient usage of the available frequency spectrum under temporal

variable channel conditions, the signal transmission parameter should be adapted to the near-

instantaneous channel conditions.

The receiver measures/estimates the communication channel conditions and sends a report to the

transmitter station. The signal transmission parameters are determined for the next transmission

according to channel quality estimation. The transmitter and the receiver must regularly synchronize

the applied communication mode.

An appropriate prediction method is needed for channel parameter estimation, because channel

quality estimation error limits the performance of the adaptive system. The most reliable approach is

based on the Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise-Ratio (SINR), measured obtained using the Mean

Square Error (MSE).

The radio with ACM is "error-less", in other words is able to guarantee the same performances

either in case of Constant Bit Rate (CBR) payload or in case of "First Priority" payload. The error-less

concept means that a certain portion of the traffic, i.e. SDH, PDH or other-like CBR or NCBR defined

by the customer/operator as "first priority", shall be treated as the traditional traffic in SDH or PDH

system, guarantying a certain level of availability.

The remaining portion of traffic is carried with less availability, according to the link propagation

performances, guarantying the "best effort" or other objectives.

9500 MPR allows to fully exploit the air bandwidth in its entirety by changing modulation scheme

according to the propagation availability, associating to the different services quality the available

transport capacity.

55

10.1 Performances of Adaptive Modulation: for Flat Fading, 9500 MPR supports notch speed up to 100 dB/sec without errors on priority

traffic.

in case of Selective Fading 9500 MPR is able to provide a 40 dB notch event, thus supporting

100 MHz/sec speed without errors.

11 Synchronization

The Alcatel-Lucent 9500 MPR product family supports a full range of local and end-to-end network-

synchronization solutions for a wide variety of applications.

At the ingress of the microwave backhauling the network clock can be locked to anyone of the

following sources:

Synch-Eth

Any plesiochronous E1/T1 data link chosen from any input interface

Dedicated Sync-In port available on MPR core module for a waveform frequency signal at 2,

5, or 10 MHz

Built-in free run oscillator.

STM1 clock chosen from SDH input interface

56

At the egress of the backhauling network synchronization is made available through anyone of the

following:

Synch-Ethernet according to G.8261/8262

Any plesiochronous E1/T1 data link chosen from any output interface

Dedicated Sync-In port available on MPR core module for a waveform frequency signal at 2,

5, or 10 MHz.

STM1 clock chosen from SDH output interface

It is important to notice that ingress and egress methods can be freely mixed, depending on the

specific needs of the operator. So, as an example, the network clock can be locked to an ingress E1

and delivered through a Synch-Eth or BITS interface at the egress of the microwave backhauling.

On the radio channel, a 9500 MPR transfers the reference clock to an adjacent MPR device through

the radio carrier frequency at physical layer. This method offers two main advantages:

No bandwidth is consumed for the synchronization distribution

Total immunity to the network load.

End-to-end scenarios where time-of-day/phase alignment are requested are fully supported, as 1588

PTP v2 is delivered transparently by MPR across the microwave backhauling network.

PRC

Cell site

Aggregation

network

Cell site

Cell site

Possible synchronization sources: E1/T1 available for data traffic 2.048 MHz, 5 or 10 MHz input

Possible synchronization options: E1/T1 2.048, 5 or 10 MHz output

RNC

Synchronization distribution path

Point of availability of the synchronization

1588 transparent transport

57

MPR deployment in mobile backhauling

Both for Hybrid and Packet working modes, the Clock can be received at hand-off or delivered at the

cell site. Synch-Eth, E1, PDH, SDH and BITS clock modes are available.

9500 MPR has an embedded reference clock which is distributed to each board of the network

element. Such clock is generated in the Clock Reference Unit (CRU) of the core card (controller).

Clock source selection and distribution

The availability of the Clock in the Network represents the most common scenario, characterized by

a time source available at the ingress of the microwave backhauling network, derived from the

primary reference clock.

PDH cardPDH card

ASAP cardASAP card

Radio cardRadio card

Core cardCore card

E1/T1

CRUCRUClock

selector

Clock

selector

G813

quality

ATM/IMAE1/T1

Symbol rate

Synch- EthSynch-Out

PDH cardPDH card

ASAP cardASAP card

Radio cardRadio card

Core cardCore card

E1/T1

ATM/IMAE1/T1

Symbol rate

Synch- Eth

Synch-Out

Stratum 3oscillator

Distributed

reference

clock

SDH/Sonetcard

SDH/Sonetcard

STM-1/OC-3

SDH/Sonetcard

SDH/Sonetcard

STM-1/OC-3

58

PRC

Service node

with master clock

Microwave

tail

Microwave

hub

Microwave

hand-off

Cell

site

Aggregation

network

Sync-Eth

T1/E1

BITS

1588

Aggregation

network

L1 synchL1 synchSync-Eth

T1/E1

BITS

Network

clock

frequency

Network

clock

phase

Service

clock

Sync-Eth

SDH

DCR

Network Clock Available

Synchronization (frequency) is delivered to the cell site using any of the options available on MPR,

depending on the operators need. Worth repeating ingress and egress methods can be mixed (i.e.

Synch-Eth at the ingress, E1/T1 at the egress) via a simple configuration.

12 Ethernet Features

12.1 MAC Switching embedded Level 2 Ethernet The switch is capable to evaluate the destination address of each frame received and to transmit the

individual frames to the correct egress port according to information contained in a database

"address resolution table" and associated to destination address. If the switch does not know on

which port to forward the frame (destination address is not present in "address resolution table"), it

sends the packet on all ports (flooding). The switch performs half transparent bridge functionality

that is to filter the frames which destination is on the segment (port) where it was received.

12.2 Level-2 Addressing

59

The address management function is performed in the switch through the address table (Level-2

Table) that can manage up to 16384 entries in MSS-4/8, 8192 entries in MSS-1c. This means that the

maximum number of MAC addresses supported is 16384 for MSS-4/8 and 8192 with MSS-1c.

New entries are automatically learned when packet is received on port.

These entries can be created or updated by the Equipment.

The aging process periodically removes dynamically learned addresses from the "address resolution

table".

Learning is based on Source MAC Address and VLAN ID.

It is possible to combine this function with the static configuration of the registration entries. For any

valid incoming packet, the Source MAC Address is associated to the VLAN ID (directly from the packet

or through VLAN Tables) and used to search the proper tables.

If a match is not found, the new address is learned and associated with the ingress port of the

packet. If a match is found, no further action is taken for learning.

The Destination MAC Address along with the VLAN ID is used as a search key for the packets output

port.

If a match is found then the packet is switched out on the matched port, otherwise, if the match is

not found, then a Destination Lookup Failure (DLF) occurs and the packet is switched out on all ports

that are members of the VLAN, except that one which has received the packet in ingress.

12.3 Flooding If the switch does not know on which port to forward the frame (destination address is not present in

"address resolution table"), it sends the packet on all ports (flooding). By default the flooding is

enabled on all ports and doesnt require any CT/NMS setting. Nevertheless using the cross

connections capability is possible to restrict the flooding only on some ports.

12.4 Half bridge functionality The switch performs half transparent bridge functionality (address learning to filter the frames which

destination is on the segment where it was generated).

12.5 Summary of Ethernet Features Supported

60

12.5.1 IEEE 802.3x Flow control

In case of incoming Ethernet traffic leading to exhaustion of buffers on input queues, PAUSE frames

are transmitted from the switch to remote peer in order to slow down the traffic (if the peer

supports flow control).

In the other direction, when the switch receives a pause frame on a specific port from peer

equipment, the switch stops the packet transmission on that port until receives again a pause frame

with resume transmission command.

Flow control to be fully effective (no packets lost inside the network) requires that all devices in the

end-to-end path support flow control.

The flow control function is supported only when the capability is full duplex.

The flow control setting on the switch ports linked to user Ethernet ports must be consistent with the

setting on the user ports.

Flow control is supported on MSS-1c, on 1 port, in full duplex asymmetric Tx mode, meaning that the

switch will be able to transmit PAUSE frames, but will ignore received PAUSE frames.

Flow control is not supported on MPR-e.

12.5.2 Asymmetric Flow control

This features on switch port based, allows of enable the pause frame only in transmission or receiver

side.

In the first case the switch can generate pause frame toward peer but is not able to stop

transmission traffic when receives a pause from peer.

In the second case, asymmetric receive flow control enabled, the switch when receives a pause

frame stops the transmission but is not able to transmit pause frame toward the peer.

The asymmetric flow control setting on the switch ports linked to user Ethernet ports must be

consistent with the setting on the user ports.

12.5.3 802.1Q VLAN management

Deleted: will be supported on MSS-1c

in future release. And

61

The port-based VLAN feature allows of partition the switch ports into virtual private domains.

According to the type of site configuration and cross-connections setting this feature is properly

managed by the software. For example, if all traffic from one Ethernet port must be forwarded only

in one radio direction is good to enable the traffic exchange only between these ports.

The IEEE 802.1Q tag VLAN feature can be enabled including between the other the stripping or

adding of the TAG and VLAN lookups in addition to MAC lookups (this feature between the other can

be useful for re-route TMN traffic to the controller).

The IEEE 802.1Q tag VLAN feature can be enabled or disabled (be transparent for the VLAN) including

between the other the stripping or adding of the TAG and VLAN lookups in addition to MAC lookups

(this feature can be useful to logically break a physical LAN into a few smaller logical LAN and to

prevent data to flow between the sub-LAN), dropping NON-VLAN Frames.

12.5.4 Link Aggregation (IEEE 802.3ad)

Link Aggregation allows one or more physical links to be aggregated together to form a Link

Aggregation Group, such that a MAC Client (CES, VLAN Management, etc.) can treat the Link

Aggregation Group as if it is a single link.

Link Aggregation provides the following:

Increased bandwidth: The capacity of multiple links is combined into one logical link

Link protection: The failure or replacement of a single link within a Link Aggregation Group

does not cause failure from the perspective of a MAC Client.

Load sharing: MAC Client traffic may be distributed across multiple links.

Automatic configuration: Link Aggregation Groups are automatically configured and

individual links are automatically allocated to those groups relying on the Link Aggregation

Protocol.

Static configuration: Link Aggregation Groups are statically configured by the operator.

Link aggregation is not currently supported on MSS-1c.

12.6 Ethernet OAM (IEEE 802.3ag)

62

Ethernet OAM is a set of procedures for maintenance and troubleshooting of point-to-point and

multi-point Ethernet Virtual Connections that span one or more links. It is end-to-end within an

Ethernet network. The following figure shows a network comprising of multiple domains within the

metro network.

Customer domain

Provider domain

Operator 1domain Operator 2

domain

Customer domain

Provider domain

Operator 1domain Operator 2

domain

The customer subscribes to the services of a provider, who in turn subscribes to the services of two

operators. Every domain has its own NMS. There are two planes. Vertical plane in red shows the

OAM entities across different domains. Horizontal plane in blue has various OAM entities (MEPs

and MIPs) within a domain. The following figures show the cross-section across the vertical OAM

plane and the horizontal OAM plane respectively. The vertical plane figure shows a single monitored

path for each administrative domain; the horizontal plane figure shows two monitored paths for the

same administrative domain.

Levels

-

+

CustomerEquipment

CustomerEquipment

Operator ABridges

Operator BBridges

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

ETH

Maintenance End PointMaintenance Intermediate Point

Customer Level

Provider Level

Operator Level

ETH Section or

SRVServer Layer

MEP

MIP

Vertical plane cross-section

63

MIP1 MIP2 MIP3 MIP4 MIP5 MIP6 MIP7 MIP8

MIP9

MIP10

MIP11

MIP12

MEP1

MEP2

MEP3

MEP4

Bridge

Port

MIP

MEP

Horizontal plane cross-section

Ethernet OAM provides the following tools:

Ethernet OAM will be supported on MSS-1c in future release.

12.7 Ethernet Ring Protection (ITU-T G.8032v2)

64

ERP allows a simple, Carrier Grade and reliable packet protection in ring topologies. It is applicable to

Full Microwave Rings only.

ITU-T G.8032v2 ERP filled the gap in Carrier grade Ring protection schema. (x)STP in fact has been

developed for LAN environments and it is not employed anymore in new network deployments for

its lack of determinism (depending on the position of root bridge) and scalability (BPDU needs to be

processed in each node, MSTP is complex to operate, Per-VLAN STP is not standardized and scalable)

in Carrier networks.

With reference to the following network scenario:

the following specifications apply:

The ring is implemented by east and west facing radio directions

Traffic can follow on both ring directions: Clockwise direction & Counter-clockwise direction

Protection is triggered by physical criteria (no protocol intervention)

Protection is based on R-APS messages sent on both sides of the ring by the nodes detecting the

failure. Traffic is redirected by each node of the ring locally, ensuring parallel processing to speed up

protection time.

G.8032v2 algorithm operates on VLAN, regardless the type of traffic transported: TDM (TDM2TDM

and TDM2ETH) and Eth (Multiple CoS and services) traffic types can be protected

Traffic flows (any type/priority) can be allocated on both ring directions to exploit the maximum ring

bandwidth in normal conditions for best effort traffic and to limit packet delay when traffic enters

from different points of the ring.

Ring protection supports only the ODU300 and the 1+0 unprotected configuration

G.8032v2 is supported on both MSS-8 and MSS-4

Synchronization is managed through SSM messages (Synchronous Ethernet).

In the following picture two instances of G.8032v2 ERP are used in the ring.

On each instance multiple VLAN can be mapped. Instances can be configured to block VLAN on

different nodes/ports of the ring, effectively allowing traffic to flow on different directions according

to the VLAN they are mapped in.

65

The remaining variants of the ring protection (MPT, Radio LAG, Fiber, etc.) will be supported in the

next release .

12.8 Other features

Port Segregation: all traffic received/transmitted from one user Ethernet port or radio

direction can not be exchanged with specific user Ethernet ports/radio directions

Per flow policer: ingress rate limiter per VLAN, dropping the traffic exceeding a given CIR

value

Broadcast storm control: ingress rate limiter on broadcast traffic

Multicast storm control: ingress rate limiter on multicast traffic

66

MAC address access control list: only packet with SA inside a given list are transmitted

towards the radio

These features are not supported by MPR-e.

12.8.1 Stacked VLAN (Q-in-Q): 802.1ad

The switch supports double tagging according to 802.1ad, in particular:

adding a service VLAN on the ingress traffic

pbits value of service VLAN is a)user configurable b)same value of customer VLAN.

The EtherTypes supported are:

EtherType 0x8100

EtherType 0x9100

EtherType 0x88A8

This feature is not supported by MPR-e.

12.8.2 VLAN swap

Every incoming frames on a given user having VLANID xxx is remarked with VLANID yyy without

changing the priority (.1p bits).

This feature is not supported by MSS-1c and MPR-e

12.9 Ethernet QoS The Ethernet switch provides a Quality of Service mechanism to control all streams. If by CT/NMS the

QoS is disabled all traffic inside the switch has the same priority, this means that for each switch port

there is only one queue (FIFO) therefore the first packet that arrives is the first that is transmitted.

12.9.1 Traffic priority

In the switch the QoS assigns the priority for each packet according to information in:

Port-based: the same priority is assigned to each frame arriving at the given ingress port;

IEEE std 802.1p: the packet is examined for the presence of a valid 802.1P user-priority Tag. If the

tag is present the correspondent priority is assigned to the packet;

67

MAC based: the MAC destination address and VLAN ID are used to determine the priority for

each packet;

DiffServ: each packet is classified based on DSCP field in the IP header to determine the priority;

By CT/NMS the priority can be chosen between 802.1p or DiffServ for each Network Element.

12.9.2 IEEE 802.1P QoS configuration

When 802.1p QoS mechanism is adopted the reference is the standard "IEEE 802.1D-2004 Annex G.

User priorities and traffic classes that defines 7 traffic types and the corresponding user priority

values.

By CT/NMS is possible to configure the mapping 802.1p value to queue inside the switch (except for

MSS-1c).

When an incoming packet is not 802.1p it is assigned to the lowest priority queue.

12.9.3 DiffServ QoS configuration

When DiffServ QoS mechanism is adopted the classification uses the DS field of the IP packet header.

By CT/NMS is possible to configure the mapping DS field value to queue inside the switch (except for

MSS-1c). When an incoming packet has not DiffServ valid value it is assigned to the lowest priority

queue. IPv6 TOS classification is supported as well.

12.9.4 Congestion management

In case of traffic congestion is possible to choose between Random Early Detection (RED) or tail drop

algorithm before the congestion becomes excessive.

12.9.5 Quality of Service

Quality of service of CORE card: The Quality of Service feature of the Ethernet switch provides eight

internal queues for each port to support eight different class of service (COS). For each egress port

according to the method of QoS classification configured in the switch, the packets are assigned to

specific queue.

68

High priority traffic is served starting from Queue 8 to 6, while the remaining five queues are shared

by all generic Ethernet flows according the default and fixed classification mechanism configured by

CT/NMS.

In MSS-1c, classification services is slightly different to stick with specific requirements of the tail.

L2 switch in MSS-1c provides 4 internal queues per port

All TDM flows are assigned to highest egress priority queue (Q4)

Ethernet flows are assigned based on 802.1p or Diffserv information.

For MPR-e , the 3 first queues are dedicated to TDM2TDM, TDM2ETH and TMN traffic. TDM2TDM

and TDM2ETH traffic management will be supported in future release.

5 next queues are dedicated to Ethernet traffic.

For MPR-e, the Ethernet queues can be configured in HQP (starting from queue#5) in strict priority

algorithm to guaranty real time transport such as VoIP

Classification

VLAN&MAC

VLAN&MAC

VLAN&MAC

1p/Diffserv

Scheduler

type

Service

typeMPR QoS

HPQ

TDM

TDM2ETH

TMN

#8

#7

#6

ETHERNET

ETHERNET

ETHERNET

ETHERNET

ETHERNET

1p/Diffserv

1p/Diffserv

1p/Diffserv

1p/Diffserv #1

#5

#4

#3

#2

HPQ

/DWRR

#3

#2DWRR

MPR QoS

HPQTDM #4

ETHERNET

ETHERNET

ETHERNET

Scheduler

typeService type

#1

69

Two types of scheduler algorithms are possible:

Deficit Weighted Round Robin (DWRR); the weights determine the number of blocks (not the

number of packets) that each queue can send at each algorithm round.

Strict Priority (SP) or High Queue Preempt (HQP); guarantee that when the queue with higher

priority is not empty, it is immediately served. The primary purpose of the strict priority

scheduler is to provide lower latency service to the higher CoS classes of traffic.

70

13 ODU 300 Technical Description

The ODU 300 supports capacities from 4xE1 to 150xE1 (9 to 435 Mbps) and modulation rates QPSK,

16QAM, 32QAM, 64 QAM, 128 QAM and 256 QAM without hardware change.

The ODU will support also the new modem profile that will be implemented in next releases. So it

makes full capacity migration possible without the need to climb towers.

ODU V2 is available for all licensed frequency bands from 6 to 38 GHz and is for use with the MSS.

ODU in configuration 1+0

ODU V2 connects to the MSS via a single 50 coaxial cable, which carries transmit and receive IF

signals, telemetry overheads, internal controls and ODU DC power.

13.1 ODU Capacities

7 MHz

Ethernet throughput [Mbit/s]

Modulation Minimum Required

RTU

Number of

supported E1s Min Max

4QAM RTU 40 4 9.4 12

16QAM RTU 40 8 20 26

64QAM

RTU 40 13 30 40

Note: Ethernet throughput depends on average packet size.

71

14 MHz

Ethernet throughput [Mbit/s]

Modulation Minimum Required

RTU

Number of

supported E1s Min Max

4QAM RTU 40 8 20 26

16QAM RTU 40 18 41 54

64QAM

RTU 60 27 62 81

Note: Ethernet throughput depends on average packet size.

28 MHz

Ethernet throughput [Mbit/s]

Modulation Minimum Required

RTU

Number of

supported E1s Min Max

4QAM RTU 40 18 41 54

16QAM RTU 80 37 83 109

32QAM RTU 100 48 106 139

64QAM RTU 130 56 125 164

128QAM RTU 150 68 150 197

256QAM

RTU 175 77 170 223

Note: Ethernet throughput depends on average packet size.

56 MHz

Ethernet throughput [Mbit/s]

Modulation Minimum Required

RTU

Number of

supported E1s Min Max

16QAM RTU 150 72 159 209

128QAM RTU 300 136 301 395

256QAM

RTU 350 150 332 435

Note: Ethernet throughput depends on average packet size.

72

13.2 ODU300 RF specifications

All specifications are referenced to the ODU antenna flange, and are typical values unless otherwise

stated, and are subject to change without notice. For Guaranteed values (over time and operational

range) subtract 2 dB from Power Output, add 2 dB to Threshold values, and subtract 4 dB from

System Gain values.

Transmit power, nominal [dBm]

Modulation 6-8 GHz 10 GHz 11 GHz 13 GHz 15 GHz

4QAM 28.5 26.0 24.0 22.0 22.0

16QAM 26.5 24.0 22.0 21.0 20.0

32QAM 26.0 23.5 21.5 20.5 19.5

64QAM 25.5 23.0 21.0 20.0 19.0

128QAM 24.5 22.0 20.0 19.0 18.0

256QAM

22.5 20.0 18.0 17.0 16.0

Modulation 18-23 GHz 26 GHz 28 GHz 32 GHz 38 GHz

4QAM 19.5 15.5 15.0 18.0 17.5

16QAM 17.5 13.5 13.0 16.0 15.5

32QAM 17.0 13.0 12.5 15.5 15.0

64QAM 16.5 12.5 12.0 15.0 14.5

128QAM 15.5 11.5 11.0 14.0 13.5

256QAM

13.5 9.5 9.0 12.0 11.5

Note: 10GHz Power Output and System Gain specifications are reduced by 1.5dB, 1.5dB and 3dB

respectively for 91MHzT-R option.

73

Receiver threshold at 10-6 BER (RSL): 6-15 GHz [dBm]

Modulation 6-8 GHz 10 GHz 11 GHz 13 GHz 15 GHz

4QAM -92.5 -92.0 -92.0 -92.0 -92