82535

NND~~~1~~71~

feed conversion

Trionyx cartilageneus and

D~~Gl ~iH~1~

~D~~iJ ~ll~n~

tY11 (074) 781299

Technical Paper No 92535

I

uN~1~u~NLlu~~D~L~~ ~~~D

~~71n17L~~~Llut~ UN~~~71n177D~~lUUD~

~~~lU~~1~U UN~ ~~~lu~~1~~~~

Effect of vitamin mix and dicalcium phosphate on

and survival rate of

Trionyx sinensis

Prayote Paewsart

Anun Sihirunvong

Chortip Jaroonsak

Satun Freshwater Fisheries

Development Center

Amphur Langu Satun Province 91110

Tel (074) 781299

Technical Paper No 9 2535

-

N~~~~~~~7~~ U~~~u~~L1u~~D~L~~ ~~~D

~~7n7L~~~L~~t~ U~~~~7n77D~~UD~

~~~~~~~U U~~ ~~~U~~~~~~

Effect of vitamin mix and dicalcium phosphate on

feed conversion and survival rate of

Trionyx cartilageneus and Trionyx sinensis

Satun Freshwater Fisheries

Development Center

Amphur Langu Satun Province 91110

tYlL (074) 781299 Tel (074) 781299

1

H~~~~~~~wi~~ U~~~U~~L~UW~~~L~~ ~~~~g~7~n~7L~1~L~U~~

UR~~~1~n~77~~~~U~~~~~~ud~ULL~~~~~~ud~~~u

Effect of vitamin mix and dicalcium phosphate on

growth feed conversion and survival rate of

Trionyx cartilageneus and Trionyx sinensis

~7~tU~ ~~~~~~l Prayote Paewsart

~~~~ ~~~~1~~2 Anun Sihirunvong

~~~~6 ~7~Mn~3 Chortip Charoonsak ~

Satun Freshwater Fisheries

Development Center

Inland Fisheries Division

Department of Fisheries

2 ~n~~lnl~~~~ 5 ~~6~~~1~j~~~~I~~~~~ n~~~7~N~~I~~ nj~~7~~~

3 L~l~~l~~j~~~ 2 ~~6~~W~~j~~~~~~~~~ n~~~~N~~I~~ nj~~~~~

2

(~~u~ ~~u~~~~~m~w~~~ 1 ~~~~~U~N~~~m~w~~~ 1 LL~~ 1~~~~

L~lJ~~El~L~() 15) L~~~WnTV1~~El~m~YntJtl Ntl~~nL~~U 612 LL~~89 n~

~W~~~~n~~n~~El~L~~U 67 LL~~35 ~~ ~~~U~~n1~~El~L~~U 72 ~~~

37 ~~WK~L~W~~W~L~w~~wGn~~ 1 L~m1 ~~ElU~nm~~tJ~llV1U ~~~ 1 ~ ~

~~w 1lw~w 4 ~~~ 10 ~~~DK~ mN~l~u L~DrL~RLU~ 180 ~W ~u1Rnm~ ~

~utlV1U llR~~~W Ntl~~nL~~UljW 3071 3094 lLR~ 3123 n~ LL~~

707 714 ~~~ 722 n~~ m~~l~U WDM~m~ 1 2~R~ 3 t~un~l1~~ ~

LitJtmwV1n~m1DM1~~~~~~llmn~~KwV1~~~i (P gt005) UR~ ~n~n~ ~

i

3

ABSTRACT

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of

vitamin mix and dicalcium phosphate on growth feed conversion

and survival rate of Trionyx cartilageneus and Trionyx

sinensis Three diets were used as chopped fishes chopped

fishes mixed with vitamin mix 1 and chopped fishes mixed with

vitamin mixland dicalcium phosphate 15 At the beginning of

the experiment the average weights of Trionyx cartilageneus

and Trionyx sinensis were 612 and 89 g the widths of

carapace were 67 and 35 em and the lengths were 72 and 37

cm respectively This experiment was conducted in cement tank

with diameter of 1 m and stocked with 4 and 10 soft-shelled

turtles respectively in Trionyx cartilageneus and Trionyx

sinensis There was no significant effect of vitamin mix and

dicalcium phospoate on the growth of these soCt-shelled turtles

(P gt005) The final weights of Trionyx cartilageneus and

Trionyx sinensis were 3071 3094 and 3123 g and 707 714

and 722 g respectively in the first the second and the third

diets Whereas the survival rate was 100 in all treatments

4

Gl~WltJ~1YHJ (Trio1Yx catilageneus) U~~Gl~WltJ~1~~1w (Trionyx

sinensis) l~wMGl~l~uUA~lwnu~~ti~~~l~Wul~li1~ Gl~WltJ~~~n~N~ A~lUl~l u~~n~~u~~uw~~nutJ~~u UA~lUW u~~~u~~u~~ l~W~~w~~nutJ

1~~uun~l~uU~~ 22 Vu~~~~nyen~(~~~n~~) ~lnN~nl~ll~u~l~w~~lnVu~Gl~

WltJ~~~U~W~~~Wl~~W~~~~~~~ (2534) ~~Sherman U~~ Booher(1931)

n~l~~l nll~W~~tJUA~lUWWul~1 Wijn~ln~~~laquo~~~Ul~~~~w6l~1wu~~

~~~laquo~nl~~~WVu~UA~lUW~u~~~u~~~nl~wtw

vu~NGl1~nQ~ (McDonald U~~ Aru~ 1981) ~~l~W w~~ln~w~vl~1urluw l~W ~nW~W~~~U~~~l nll~~W~Gll~WWnl~l~~ll~Gl ~~~laquo~~ln~W~Vl~~Gll~tw ~Gll~nl~u~Gl~~~ln 65 l~lulWU~ 40 ~~~Gl~W~W ~~~U~L~~lnlLU~

mh~lliiu~~ClJri~ (~lyenGl~ lL~~ Aru~ 2532) ~~~W ~A~1~~nl~n~l~~N~Vu~~Gll~W~W U~~1~A~L~UW~u~l~Gl

~ll~ElllGllnl L~7ClJL ~tJ~Gl Ll~~llGllnlluGlGllU V()~Gl~WltJ~1~tJU~~Gl~WltJ~1~

~~W lWu~~~uniiwnl liu~ ~~m1n~~W~Gl~YntJ~~ultl

j bull i J 1 lWu~n~l N~vu~nl~~Gll~W~WWul~l ~lIU~Gl~WltJW1~U U~~ 1Gl~~W

~unll~~ClJlmtJ~Gl ~Gllnlu~GllU lL~~nll~w~~~~~nlWVu~ul~l

2 lW()~mn N~ vu~n l~1~ A~ l~UWWu~ l~GlWu l~l~ LU~Gl~WltJ~1~U LL ~~

1~~~w ~unlL~~ClJL~tJ~Gl ~Gllnlu~GllU ~~ nllw~~~~~nlWVu~

5

)Ilj (2517) t~~ntlnl L~U~m~YnU~I~JUtJl~lH~2li)lllHH~iltJllMU Yluh

~~lnlL~~~LaU~~n~L1u~Kw ~~tJ~~~tJ~Ku ~I~~ (2530) n~11l nlL~U~ ~ ~YllU~1 ~ ~u ~ tJ llU~ ~~)I~1 U~1 tJ l~ l ~)I ~ ~ L-JW n l L~)I ~~hY1l~tJ l~ l tX II n~ ~

~ YllU~I)Ilnfw Wtl~~Lamp1U1Kw ~~)Il lll~ ~~~ (2531) Y1~ltJ~tJ1Ull~n~~YllU~1 YlU~l tJl~l~IYllnL~tJtJll~U~~)I1 lll~tJllUrll~W~~jl~lW 111 Y11~ ~n~~YllU~ltmL~ln1l nl7~L~tJtJllMUL~U~tJUl~L~U1L1JWtJl~l LLl~~ntJ~nl

~~~ ~lnnl~~Lnmm~YllU~IWu7)1nlmYlUll ~~~l)llnnwtJl~l~IYllnWnL~W

pfn~~ t~~lU

11 ~nm~YllU~ItY1U

lUl)1~n~~YllU~ItY1U~t~~lnnlLYll~Yin ~IW1W 24 ~1 ~~~I~Wn lll~

~~tlWl~~ll)ln~l~Ull~tJ~lI~l ll~lWIttJU1UllWK~~L)IW~~Wl~L~WNl~w6nll~ 1

Lwm7 ~IW1W 6 K~ t~U~)IllU~~nm~YllUW1 tJtJn L1JW 3 ~~~ml~ 2 -ll -lll~ 4 ~1

WK~UWUllll~l~K~ 12 ~n~~YllU~It~~~W

71U1)1~nm~YllU~It~~~W ~t~~lnnlLYll~Yin ~IW1W 90 ~1 ~~~I~Wn

nmiddotll~ 1 L)Im ~IW1W 9 K~ t~U~)IllU~~n~~YllU~1

l~ lO~l WK~tJWUllL~~l~K~

j

6

2 nlH)t-ttJ1~

n11~[)11~nltl~W1tJ~l1ULL~~~11~ ~~1~~U~~ 2 Il~~ L~1 LL~~ L~u t(lU

1laquo[) 1 11laquol-J 1nW m~n l 1u (tJ ~l-J 1N 1u~~ ~ 10 tf [) ~~litn~J) LL ~ ~ l tJ~uufh U~l~ n 1u

tltlU1laquo[)ll 3 n~(l LW[)LtJ~UtJL~UtJKu ~[)

21 tJ~ltJ(l

22 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1

23 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1 LL~~(lLL~~L~Ul-JW[)~LWltl 15

3 n1L~tJLL~~~U~n~[)l-J~IJ

~~wl~n LL~~~(ltfU1(ltl[)~~nltl~W1UwlVlU LL~~tti~u~nl 20 ~U g~LLmL~l-J Vlln1Vl(l~[)~ ~un~~~_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ L~U~U~Ld~l 180 ~u LL~dUl~[)l-J~l-J1~

IJ

l-Jnl~l-J 2534 - l-Jnl~l-J 2535

1 n1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~lnn1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~dU[)llVl(l~[)~ 3 ~ltl 1f

Ll~lVl(l~[)~ 180 1u L~r[)_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ WtJl1 [51tlln1[)(l1tl1UV[)~~nltl~W1U~l IJ

VlU L~U 100 ~l~nL~~Utf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~L~U~~dU[)ll 3 ~ltl L~U IJ IJ

3071 3094 LL~~ 3123 n~l-J 1U[)ll~ltl~ 1 2 LL~~ 3 ltl1l-J~l~tJ n1 IJ

L~~~L~tJtltltf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~~ 3 ~1tl[)11 ~~~d1l-JLLmn~1~XUVl1~~~~ (PI

gt005) (1tl11~~ 1 LL~~ 2 LL~~ fl1W~ 1 LL~~ 2)

~lnn1~L~1~~ LL~~~tJN~Vlnl20 ~u (m11~~ 3 LL~~ n~~ 1) WtJl1 ltl~[)Gl~Ul1Ld~l 1801u ~Vlln1Vl(l5l[)~ n1L~~~LmtJtltltf1~~nmpoundW1tJ~lVlU1UVln

IJ

7

~ 2 n~~~~~R~~~n~~~U~~1~~~U

~nn~~~~~~~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U ~l~~~~~~~~ 3 ~m ~~l~ ~~~~~ 180 ~U rO~W~~nTm~~~~ rHJi ~mn~~m-ltJv ~~~nm~~u~~1f~~u ~U 100 ~~~~nw~UV~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U~~~~~lUO~ 3 ~m~U 707

714 ~~ 722 n~~ ~W~~~m1~ 1 2 ~~ 3 m~~~~u n~~~aU~~ ~

v~~~nm~~u~~1tf(~~W~~3 ~m~~ 1~i~l~mnG1I~K~~~f1~ (P gt005) r

(~~YI 4 ~~ 5)

~nn~~~~ ~~ ~~N~~n1 20 ~W (m~~ 6 ~~ n~~ 2) ~U1 m~~~~~~l~ 180 ~W ~~~n~~~~~ n~~~aU~mV~~~nm~~U~~1~

~~U u~n~~n~~~~~ 1~~~l~mn~i~KW~i~~~~ (P gt005)

~inni~~~~~~~~~~~~W1~1i~i~i~~~i~~m ~~ U~iU~ u~iUmN~~~

mi~Wl~ 1 ~~ ~~iU~N~~~mi~Wl~ 1 ~~1~~~I~~~~~~m 15 ~U1i

ni ~~~ aU~~v ~~~nm~~iU~~1~~ ~~1~~~W l~~ f~i~TT~~~i~~m~ 1~i1~li~ ullnGn~Ku~~~~ mh~iWu~~~fY (P gt005) t~~1Im1i~i~i~i~~n~~mi~W

U~~~~ U~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~U~~i~U~WU~~iN~~U~~~ ~~~~U~li~~~~ni

~Un~~~mU~mV~~m~~iU~~

~inni~l~i~~~~~iN ~~~~ U~~~~~~~~~ ~W~~iU~ ~U1i i~~

l~~ 574 II ~ ~~~~~~ 7~ 259 (~~~ifnll tX~) II ~ ~ inN~n i~ i ~~f l OWmO in

VO~~~~iU~~ ~~~iN1in~mO~~W~1W~~n~u1~~o~n1ir~~~~ 22 v~~~~~~nMl

(~~~ifn~~) ll~~~laquo~~~~inm~~U~~l~W~~~~~m~~~W~~~lnl~i ll~~n~~~~ti~

~~~N~li~~o~nill~~llu~ ll~~ ~O~~Oyen~ l~~~r~uni~~i~n~~o~~~~~w~~~~ r ~ ~

l~~ l ~i~Jl YI~uKu l 911 ~~~u ni l ~7~ l~u~mv ~~~~~U~~~~ 2 ~lm ~~1~ll~n~i~

Kw ~u~~ 3 ~llO~ ~W~~~l~l 180 ~w

8

55(5) 13-20

lyen(flw lfU1n~~w LL~~ ~fU~ (2532) ~yenUfilll-J LN~~l-J1J8~~ltl))l-iU 6 ~l-i i)mtJ~n~w~tl TL un~)t1 nwiJ~ 1 ~flii~ w~ I ~tJ~MGl~u1tJ~~ LllA~m 19 u bull

tJ~1l-itJ ~l1u Ll~l-im161~fJ~LL ~~ LYn~ LilJ~ VI~ 41-44

~~l-J~ Yi1~j~~ fl1Yi~ ~61l-J~()41l-i1V1 ll~~ [)i1l-i~ ~~7Cl1~~ (2531) fl LW~

LL ~ ~ [) 1U bull ~ Gl ~Yi 1 U~1 N~ ~ bull l-i ~ ~ lJ a l-i6Yflil-ll-i 1 J ~l-J ~ ~1~ 61 ~ Gl ~ bull 13 VI ~bullbull ~ ~

McDonald P Edwards R A and J F D Greenhalgh (1981)

Animal Nutrition the third edition Longman Inc New

York 479p

Sherman H C and L E Booher (1931) The Calcium Content of

the Body in Relation to that of the Food Journal of BioI

Chern 9393-103

----------------------------------------------------------------

9 I

~~im~O~~n~~~iU~~1~U~l~~~f~~nij~~~O~(Jl~VI 1 J

Oi~i~~1~ 1 [)i~~~jV1 2 Oi~ij~~YI 3

~h~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

- 01 oj- ~~ijn n~i~ Uil ~-lijn n~i~ Uil ~~~~n n~i~ Uil

( n) ( n~) ( lf~) ( n) ( n ~) ( lf~) ( n) (n~) ( n ~)

--------------------------------------------- _ _----------------shy

1 623 69 72 600 65 69 600 65 72

2 613 67 71 661 middot 71 77 605 66 71

3 643 69 74 625 67 71 540 64 68

4 623 67 72 608 66 71 621 68 73

5 626 68 73 625 68 72 618 66 71

6 623 67 71 600 65 70 634 68 74

7 546 64 69 582 65 68 61 5 65 70

8 603 66 71 594 65 69 643 67 73

613 67 72 612 67 71 610 66 72

Technical Paper No 9 2535

-

N~~~~~~~7~~ U~~~u~~L1u~~D~L~~ ~~~D

~~7n7L~~~L~~t~ U~~~~7n77D~~UD~

~~~~~~~U U~~ ~~~U~~~~~~

Effect of vitamin mix and dicalcium phosphate on

feed conversion and survival rate of

Trionyx cartilageneus and Trionyx sinensis

Satun Freshwater Fisheries

Development Center

Amphur Langu Satun Province 91110

tYlL (074) 781299 Tel (074) 781299

1

H~~~~~~~wi~~ U~~~U~~L~UW~~~L~~ ~~~~g~7~n~7L~1~L~U~~

UR~~~1~n~77~~~~U~~~~~~ud~ULL~~~~~~ud~~~u

Effect of vitamin mix and dicalcium phosphate on

growth feed conversion and survival rate of

Trionyx cartilageneus and Trionyx sinensis

~7~tU~ ~~~~~~l Prayote Paewsart

~~~~ ~~~~1~~2 Anun Sihirunvong

~~~~6 ~7~Mn~3 Chortip Charoonsak ~

Satun Freshwater Fisheries

Development Center

Inland Fisheries Division

Department of Fisheries

2 ~n~~lnl~~~~ 5 ~~6~~~1~j~~~~I~~~~~ n~~~7~N~~I~~ nj~~7~~~

3 L~l~~l~~j~~~ 2 ~~6~~W~~j~~~~~~~~~ n~~~~N~~I~~ nj~~~~~

2

(~~u~ ~~u~~~~~m~w~~~ 1 ~~~~~U~N~~~m~w~~~ 1 LL~~ 1~~~~

L~lJ~~El~L~() 15) L~~~WnTV1~~El~m~YntJtl Ntl~~nL~~U 612 LL~~89 n~

~W~~~~n~~n~~El~L~~U 67 LL~~35 ~~ ~~~U~~n1~~El~L~~U 72 ~~~

37 ~~WK~L~W~~W~L~w~~wGn~~ 1 L~m1 ~~ElU~nm~~tJ~llV1U ~~~ 1 ~ ~

~~w 1lw~w 4 ~~~ 10 ~~~DK~ mN~l~u L~DrL~RLU~ 180 ~W ~u1Rnm~ ~

~utlV1U llR~~~W Ntl~~nL~~UljW 3071 3094 lLR~ 3123 n~ LL~~

707 714 ~~~ 722 n~~ m~~l~U WDM~m~ 1 2~R~ 3 t~un~l1~~ ~

LitJtmwV1n~m1DM1~~~~~~llmn~~KwV1~~~i (P gt005) UR~ ~n~n~ ~

i

3

ABSTRACT

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of

vitamin mix and dicalcium phosphate on growth feed conversion

and survival rate of Trionyx cartilageneus and Trionyx

sinensis Three diets were used as chopped fishes chopped

fishes mixed with vitamin mix 1 and chopped fishes mixed with

vitamin mixland dicalcium phosphate 15 At the beginning of

the experiment the average weights of Trionyx cartilageneus

and Trionyx sinensis were 612 and 89 g the widths of

carapace were 67 and 35 em and the lengths were 72 and 37

cm respectively This experiment was conducted in cement tank

with diameter of 1 m and stocked with 4 and 10 soft-shelled

turtles respectively in Trionyx cartilageneus and Trionyx

sinensis There was no significant effect of vitamin mix and

dicalcium phospoate on the growth of these soCt-shelled turtles

(P gt005) The final weights of Trionyx cartilageneus and

Trionyx sinensis were 3071 3094 and 3123 g and 707 714

and 722 g respectively in the first the second and the third

diets Whereas the survival rate was 100 in all treatments

4

Gl~WltJ~1YHJ (Trio1Yx catilageneus) U~~Gl~WltJ~1~~1w (Trionyx

sinensis) l~wMGl~l~uUA~lwnu~~ti~~~l~Wul~li1~ Gl~WltJ~~~n~N~ A~lUl~l u~~n~~u~~uw~~nutJ~~u UA~lUW u~~~u~~u~~ l~W~~w~~nutJ

1~~uun~l~uU~~ 22 Vu~~~~nyen~(~~~n~~) ~lnN~nl~ll~u~l~w~~lnVu~Gl~

WltJ~~~U~W~~~Wl~~W~~~~~~~ (2534) ~~Sherman U~~ Booher(1931)

n~l~~l nll~W~~tJUA~lUWWul~1 Wijn~ln~~~laquo~~~Ul~~~~w6l~1wu~~

~~~laquo~nl~~~WVu~UA~lUW~u~~~u~~~nl~wtw

vu~NGl1~nQ~ (McDonald U~~ Aru~ 1981) ~~l~W w~~ln~w~vl~1urluw l~W ~nW~W~~~U~~~l nll~~W~Gll~WWnl~l~~ll~Gl ~~~laquo~~ln~W~Vl~~Gll~tw ~Gll~nl~u~Gl~~~ln 65 l~lulWU~ 40 ~~~Gl~W~W ~~~U~L~~lnlLU~

mh~lliiu~~ClJri~ (~lyenGl~ lL~~ Aru~ 2532) ~~~W ~A~1~~nl~n~l~~N~Vu~~Gll~W~W U~~1~A~L~UW~u~l~Gl

~ll~ElllGllnl L~7ClJL ~tJ~Gl Ll~~llGllnlluGlGllU V()~Gl~WltJ~1~tJU~~Gl~WltJ~1~

~~W lWu~~~uniiwnl liu~ ~~m1n~~W~Gl~YntJ~~ultl

j bull i J 1 lWu~n~l N~vu~nl~~Gll~W~WWul~l ~lIU~Gl~WltJW1~U U~~ 1Gl~~W

~unll~~ClJlmtJ~Gl ~Gllnlu~GllU lL~~nll~w~~~~~nlWVu~ul~l

2 lW()~mn N~ vu~n l~1~ A~ l~UWWu~ l~GlWu l~l~ LU~Gl~WltJ~1~U LL ~~

1~~~w ~unlL~~ClJL~tJ~Gl ~Gllnlu~GllU ~~ nllw~~~~~nlWVu~

5

)Ilj (2517) t~~ntlnl L~U~m~YnU~I~JUtJl~lH~2li)lllHH~iltJllMU Yluh

~~lnlL~~~LaU~~n~L1u~Kw ~~tJ~~~tJ~Ku ~I~~ (2530) n~11l nlL~U~ ~ ~YllU~1 ~ ~u ~ tJ llU~ ~~)I~1 U~1 tJ l~ l ~)I ~ ~ L-JW n l L~)I ~~hY1l~tJ l~ l tX II n~ ~

~ YllU~I)Ilnfw Wtl~~Lamp1U1Kw ~~)Il lll~ ~~~ (2531) Y1~ltJ~tJ1Ull~n~~YllU~1 YlU~l tJl~l~IYllnL~tJtJll~U~~)I1 lll~tJllUrll~W~~jl~lW 111 Y11~ ~n~~YllU~ltmL~ln1l nl7~L~tJtJllMUL~U~tJUl~L~U1L1JWtJl~l LLl~~ntJ~nl

~~~ ~lnnl~~Lnmm~YllU~IWu7)1nlmYlUll ~~~l)llnnwtJl~l~IYllnWnL~W

pfn~~ t~~lU

11 ~nm~YllU~ItY1U

lUl)1~n~~YllU~ItY1U~t~~lnnlLYll~Yin ~IW1W 24 ~1 ~~~I~Wn lll~

~~tlWl~~ll)ln~l~Ull~tJ~lI~l ll~lWIttJU1UllWK~~L)IW~~Wl~L~WNl~w6nll~ 1

Lwm7 ~IW1W 6 K~ t~U~)IllU~~nm~YllUW1 tJtJn L1JW 3 ~~~ml~ 2 -ll -lll~ 4 ~1

WK~UWUllll~l~K~ 12 ~n~~YllU~It~~~W

71U1)1~nm~YllU~It~~~W ~t~~lnnlLYll~Yin ~IW1W 90 ~1 ~~~I~Wn

nmiddotll~ 1 L)Im ~IW1W 9 K~ t~U~)IllU~~n~~YllU~1

l~ lO~l WK~tJWUllL~~l~K~

j

6

2 nlH)t-ttJ1~

n11~[)11~nltl~W1tJ~l1ULL~~~11~ ~~1~~U~~ 2 Il~~ L~1 LL~~ L~u t(lU

1laquo[) 1 11laquol-J 1nW m~n l 1u (tJ ~l-J 1N 1u~~ ~ 10 tf [) ~~litn~J) LL ~ ~ l tJ~uufh U~l~ n 1u

tltlU1laquo[)ll 3 n~(l LW[)LtJ~UtJL~UtJKu ~[)

21 tJ~ltJ(l

22 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1

23 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1 LL~~(lLL~~L~Ul-JW[)~LWltl 15

3 n1L~tJLL~~~U~n~[)l-J~IJ

~~wl~n LL~~~(ltfU1(ltl[)~~nltl~W1UwlVlU LL~~tti~u~nl 20 ~U g~LLmL~l-J Vlln1Vl(l~[)~ ~un~~~_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ L~U~U~Ld~l 180 ~u LL~dUl~[)l-J~l-J1~

IJ

l-Jnl~l-J 2534 - l-Jnl~l-J 2535

1 n1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~lnn1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~dU[)llVl(l~[)~ 3 ~ltl 1f

Ll~lVl(l~[)~ 180 1u L~r[)_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ WtJl1 [51tlln1[)(l1tl1UV[)~~nltl~W1U~l IJ

VlU L~U 100 ~l~nL~~Utf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~L~U~~dU[)ll 3 ~ltl L~U IJ IJ

3071 3094 LL~~ 3123 n~l-J 1U[)ll~ltl~ 1 2 LL~~ 3 ltl1l-J~l~tJ n1 IJ

L~~~L~tJtltltf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~~ 3 ~1tl[)11 ~~~d1l-JLLmn~1~XUVl1~~~~ (PI

gt005) (1tl11~~ 1 LL~~ 2 LL~~ fl1W~ 1 LL~~ 2)

~lnn1~L~1~~ LL~~~tJN~Vlnl20 ~u (m11~~ 3 LL~~ n~~ 1) WtJl1 ltl~[)Gl~Ul1Ld~l 1801u ~Vlln1Vl(l5l[)~ n1L~~~LmtJtltltf1~~nmpoundW1tJ~lVlU1UVln

IJ

7

~ 2 n~~~~~R~~~n~~~U~~1~~~U

~nn~~~~~~~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U ~l~~~~~~~~ 3 ~m ~~l~ ~~~~~ 180 ~U rO~W~~nTm~~~~ rHJi ~mn~~m-ltJv ~~~nm~~u~~1f~~u ~U 100 ~~~~nw~UV~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U~~~~~lUO~ 3 ~m~U 707

714 ~~ 722 n~~ ~W~~~m1~ 1 2 ~~ 3 m~~~~u n~~~aU~~ ~

v~~~nm~~u~~1tf(~~W~~3 ~m~~ 1~i~l~mnG1I~K~~~f1~ (P gt005) r

(~~YI 4 ~~ 5)

~nn~~~~ ~~ ~~N~~n1 20 ~W (m~~ 6 ~~ n~~ 2) ~U1 m~~~~~~l~ 180 ~W ~~~n~~~~~ n~~~aU~mV~~~nm~~U~~1~

~~U u~n~~n~~~~~ 1~~~l~mn~i~KW~i~~~~ (P gt005)

~inni~~~~~~~~~~~~W1~1i~i~i~~~i~~m ~~ U~iU~ u~iUmN~~~

mi~Wl~ 1 ~~ ~~iU~N~~~mi~Wl~ 1 ~~1~~~I~~~~~~m 15 ~U1i

ni ~~~ aU~~v ~~~nm~~iU~~1~~ ~~1~~~W l~~ f~i~TT~~~i~~m~ 1~i1~li~ ullnGn~Ku~~~~ mh~iWu~~~fY (P gt005) t~~1Im1i~i~i~i~~n~~mi~W

U~~~~ U~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~U~~i~U~WU~~iN~~U~~~ ~~~~U~li~~~~ni

~Un~~~mU~mV~~m~~iU~~

~inni~l~i~~~~~iN ~~~~ U~~~~~~~~~ ~W~~iU~ ~U1i i~~

l~~ 574 II ~ ~~~~~~ 7~ 259 (~~~ifnll tX~) II ~ ~ inN~n i~ i ~~f l OWmO in

VO~~~~iU~~ ~~~iN1in~mO~~W~1W~~n~u1~~o~n1ir~~~~ 22 v~~~~~~nMl

(~~~ifn~~) ll~~~laquo~~~~inm~~U~~l~W~~~~~m~~~W~~~lnl~i ll~~n~~~~ti~

~~~N~li~~o~nill~~llu~ ll~~ ~O~~Oyen~ l~~~r~uni~~i~n~~o~~~~~w~~~~ r ~ ~

l~~ l ~i~Jl YI~uKu l 911 ~~~u ni l ~7~ l~u~mv ~~~~~U~~~~ 2 ~lm ~~1~ll~n~i~

Kw ~u~~ 3 ~llO~ ~W~~~l~l 180 ~w

8

55(5) 13-20

lyen(flw lfU1n~~w LL~~ ~fU~ (2532) ~yenUfilll-J LN~~l-J1J8~~ltl))l-iU 6 ~l-i i)mtJ~n~w~tl TL un~)t1 nwiJ~ 1 ~flii~ w~ I ~tJ~MGl~u1tJ~~ LllA~m 19 u bull

tJ~1l-itJ ~l1u Ll~l-im161~fJ~LL ~~ LYn~ LilJ~ VI~ 41-44

~~l-J~ Yi1~j~~ fl1Yi~ ~61l-J~()41l-i1V1 ll~~ [)i1l-i~ ~~7Cl1~~ (2531) fl LW~

LL ~ ~ [) 1U bull ~ Gl ~Yi 1 U~1 N~ ~ bull l-i ~ ~ lJ a l-i6Yflil-ll-i 1 J ~l-J ~ ~1~ 61 ~ Gl ~ bull 13 VI ~bullbull ~ ~

McDonald P Edwards R A and J F D Greenhalgh (1981)

Animal Nutrition the third edition Longman Inc New

York 479p

Sherman H C and L E Booher (1931) The Calcium Content of

the Body in Relation to that of the Food Journal of BioI

Chern 9393-103

----------------------------------------------------------------

9 I

~~im~O~~n~~~iU~~1~U~l~~~f~~nij~~~O~(Jl~VI 1 J

Oi~i~~1~ 1 [)i~~~jV1 2 Oi~ij~~YI 3

~h~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

- 01 oj- ~~ijn n~i~ Uil ~-lijn n~i~ Uil ~~~~n n~i~ Uil

( n) ( n~) ( lf~) ( n) ( n ~) ( lf~) ( n) (n~) ( n ~)

--------------------------------------------- _ _----------------shy

1 623 69 72 600 65 69 600 65 72

2 613 67 71 661 middot 71 77 605 66 71

3 643 69 74 625 67 71 540 64 68

4 623 67 72 608 66 71 621 68 73

5 626 68 73 625 68 72 618 66 71

6 623 67 71 600 65 70 634 68 74

7 546 64 69 582 65 68 61 5 65 70

8 603 66 71 594 65 69 643 67 73

613 67 72 612 67 71 610 66 72

1

H~~~~~~~wi~~ U~~~U~~L~UW~~~L~~ ~~~~g~7~n~7L~1~L~U~~

UR~~~1~n~77~~~~U~~~~~~ud~ULL~~~~~~ud~~~u

Effect of vitamin mix and dicalcium phosphate on

growth feed conversion and survival rate of

Trionyx cartilageneus and Trionyx sinensis

~7~tU~ ~~~~~~l Prayote Paewsart

~~~~ ~~~~1~~2 Anun Sihirunvong

~~~~6 ~7~Mn~3 Chortip Charoonsak ~

Satun Freshwater Fisheries

Development Center

Inland Fisheries Division

Department of Fisheries

2 ~n~~lnl~~~~ 5 ~~6~~~1~j~~~~I~~~~~ n~~~7~N~~I~~ nj~~7~~~

3 L~l~~l~~j~~~ 2 ~~6~~W~~j~~~~~~~~~ n~~~~N~~I~~ nj~~~~~

2

(~~u~ ~~u~~~~~m~w~~~ 1 ~~~~~U~N~~~m~w~~~ 1 LL~~ 1~~~~

L~lJ~~El~L~() 15) L~~~WnTV1~~El~m~YntJtl Ntl~~nL~~U 612 LL~~89 n~

~W~~~~n~~n~~El~L~~U 67 LL~~35 ~~ ~~~U~~n1~~El~L~~U 72 ~~~

37 ~~WK~L~W~~W~L~w~~wGn~~ 1 L~m1 ~~ElU~nm~~tJ~llV1U ~~~ 1 ~ ~

~~w 1lw~w 4 ~~~ 10 ~~~DK~ mN~l~u L~DrL~RLU~ 180 ~W ~u1Rnm~ ~

~utlV1U llR~~~W Ntl~~nL~~UljW 3071 3094 lLR~ 3123 n~ LL~~

707 714 ~~~ 722 n~~ m~~l~U WDM~m~ 1 2~R~ 3 t~un~l1~~ ~

LitJtmwV1n~m1DM1~~~~~~llmn~~KwV1~~~i (P gt005) UR~ ~n~n~ ~

i

3

ABSTRACT

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of

vitamin mix and dicalcium phosphate on growth feed conversion

and survival rate of Trionyx cartilageneus and Trionyx

sinensis Three diets were used as chopped fishes chopped

fishes mixed with vitamin mix 1 and chopped fishes mixed with

vitamin mixland dicalcium phosphate 15 At the beginning of

the experiment the average weights of Trionyx cartilageneus

and Trionyx sinensis were 612 and 89 g the widths of

carapace were 67 and 35 em and the lengths were 72 and 37

cm respectively This experiment was conducted in cement tank

with diameter of 1 m and stocked with 4 and 10 soft-shelled

turtles respectively in Trionyx cartilageneus and Trionyx

sinensis There was no significant effect of vitamin mix and

dicalcium phospoate on the growth of these soCt-shelled turtles

(P gt005) The final weights of Trionyx cartilageneus and

Trionyx sinensis were 3071 3094 and 3123 g and 707 714

and 722 g respectively in the first the second and the third

diets Whereas the survival rate was 100 in all treatments

4

Gl~WltJ~1YHJ (Trio1Yx catilageneus) U~~Gl~WltJ~1~~1w (Trionyx

sinensis) l~wMGl~l~uUA~lwnu~~ti~~~l~Wul~li1~ Gl~WltJ~~~n~N~ A~lUl~l u~~n~~u~~uw~~nutJ~~u UA~lUW u~~~u~~u~~ l~W~~w~~nutJ

1~~uun~l~uU~~ 22 Vu~~~~nyen~(~~~n~~) ~lnN~nl~ll~u~l~w~~lnVu~Gl~

WltJ~~~U~W~~~Wl~~W~~~~~~~ (2534) ~~Sherman U~~ Booher(1931)

n~l~~l nll~W~~tJUA~lUWWul~1 Wijn~ln~~~laquo~~~Ul~~~~w6l~1wu~~

~~~laquo~nl~~~WVu~UA~lUW~u~~~u~~~nl~wtw

vu~NGl1~nQ~ (McDonald U~~ Aru~ 1981) ~~l~W w~~ln~w~vl~1urluw l~W ~nW~W~~~U~~~l nll~~W~Gll~WWnl~l~~ll~Gl ~~~laquo~~ln~W~Vl~~Gll~tw ~Gll~nl~u~Gl~~~ln 65 l~lulWU~ 40 ~~~Gl~W~W ~~~U~L~~lnlLU~

mh~lliiu~~ClJri~ (~lyenGl~ lL~~ Aru~ 2532) ~~~W ~A~1~~nl~n~l~~N~Vu~~Gll~W~W U~~1~A~L~UW~u~l~Gl

~ll~ElllGllnl L~7ClJL ~tJ~Gl Ll~~llGllnlluGlGllU V()~Gl~WltJ~1~tJU~~Gl~WltJ~1~

~~W lWu~~~uniiwnl liu~ ~~m1n~~W~Gl~YntJ~~ultl

j bull i J 1 lWu~n~l N~vu~nl~~Gll~W~WWul~l ~lIU~Gl~WltJW1~U U~~ 1Gl~~W

~unll~~ClJlmtJ~Gl ~Gllnlu~GllU lL~~nll~w~~~~~nlWVu~ul~l

2 lW()~mn N~ vu~n l~1~ A~ l~UWWu~ l~GlWu l~l~ LU~Gl~WltJ~1~U LL ~~

1~~~w ~unlL~~ClJL~tJ~Gl ~Gllnlu~GllU ~~ nllw~~~~~nlWVu~

5

)Ilj (2517) t~~ntlnl L~U~m~YnU~I~JUtJl~lH~2li)lllHH~iltJllMU Yluh

~~lnlL~~~LaU~~n~L1u~Kw ~~tJ~~~tJ~Ku ~I~~ (2530) n~11l nlL~U~ ~ ~YllU~1 ~ ~u ~ tJ llU~ ~~)I~1 U~1 tJ l~ l ~)I ~ ~ L-JW n l L~)I ~~hY1l~tJ l~ l tX II n~ ~

~ YllU~I)Ilnfw Wtl~~Lamp1U1Kw ~~)Il lll~ ~~~ (2531) Y1~ltJ~tJ1Ull~n~~YllU~1 YlU~l tJl~l~IYllnL~tJtJll~U~~)I1 lll~tJllUrll~W~~jl~lW 111 Y11~ ~n~~YllU~ltmL~ln1l nl7~L~tJtJllMUL~U~tJUl~L~U1L1JWtJl~l LLl~~ntJ~nl

~~~ ~lnnl~~Lnmm~YllU~IWu7)1nlmYlUll ~~~l)llnnwtJl~l~IYllnWnL~W

pfn~~ t~~lU

11 ~nm~YllU~ItY1U

lUl)1~n~~YllU~ItY1U~t~~lnnlLYll~Yin ~IW1W 24 ~1 ~~~I~Wn lll~

~~tlWl~~ll)ln~l~Ull~tJ~lI~l ll~lWIttJU1UllWK~~L)IW~~Wl~L~WNl~w6nll~ 1

Lwm7 ~IW1W 6 K~ t~U~)IllU~~nm~YllUW1 tJtJn L1JW 3 ~~~ml~ 2 -ll -lll~ 4 ~1

WK~UWUllll~l~K~ 12 ~n~~YllU~It~~~W

71U1)1~nm~YllU~It~~~W ~t~~lnnlLYll~Yin ~IW1W 90 ~1 ~~~I~Wn

nmiddotll~ 1 L)Im ~IW1W 9 K~ t~U~)IllU~~n~~YllU~1

l~ lO~l WK~tJWUllL~~l~K~

j

6

2 nlH)t-ttJ1~

n11~[)11~nltl~W1tJ~l1ULL~~~11~ ~~1~~U~~ 2 Il~~ L~1 LL~~ L~u t(lU

1laquo[) 1 11laquol-J 1nW m~n l 1u (tJ ~l-J 1N 1u~~ ~ 10 tf [) ~~litn~J) LL ~ ~ l tJ~uufh U~l~ n 1u

tltlU1laquo[)ll 3 n~(l LW[)LtJ~UtJL~UtJKu ~[)

21 tJ~ltJ(l

22 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1

23 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1 LL~~(lLL~~L~Ul-JW[)~LWltl 15

3 n1L~tJLL~~~U~n~[)l-J~IJ

~~wl~n LL~~~(ltfU1(ltl[)~~nltl~W1UwlVlU LL~~tti~u~nl 20 ~U g~LLmL~l-J Vlln1Vl(l~[)~ ~un~~~_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ L~U~U~Ld~l 180 ~u LL~dUl~[)l-J~l-J1~

IJ

l-Jnl~l-J 2534 - l-Jnl~l-J 2535

1 n1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~lnn1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~dU[)llVl(l~[)~ 3 ~ltl 1f

Ll~lVl(l~[)~ 180 1u L~r[)_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ WtJl1 [51tlln1[)(l1tl1UV[)~~nltl~W1U~l IJ

VlU L~U 100 ~l~nL~~Utf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~L~U~~dU[)ll 3 ~ltl L~U IJ IJ

3071 3094 LL~~ 3123 n~l-J 1U[)ll~ltl~ 1 2 LL~~ 3 ltl1l-J~l~tJ n1 IJ

L~~~L~tJtltltf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~~ 3 ~1tl[)11 ~~~d1l-JLLmn~1~XUVl1~~~~ (PI

gt005) (1tl11~~ 1 LL~~ 2 LL~~ fl1W~ 1 LL~~ 2)

~lnn1~L~1~~ LL~~~tJN~Vlnl20 ~u (m11~~ 3 LL~~ n~~ 1) WtJl1 ltl~[)Gl~Ul1Ld~l 1801u ~Vlln1Vl(l5l[)~ n1L~~~LmtJtltltf1~~nmpoundW1tJ~lVlU1UVln

IJ

7

~ 2 n~~~~~R~~~n~~~U~~1~~~U

~nn~~~~~~~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U ~l~~~~~~~~ 3 ~m ~~l~ ~~~~~ 180 ~U rO~W~~nTm~~~~ rHJi ~mn~~m-ltJv ~~~nm~~u~~1f~~u ~U 100 ~~~~nw~UV~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U~~~~~lUO~ 3 ~m~U 707

714 ~~ 722 n~~ ~W~~~m1~ 1 2 ~~ 3 m~~~~u n~~~aU~~ ~

v~~~nm~~u~~1tf(~~W~~3 ~m~~ 1~i~l~mnG1I~K~~~f1~ (P gt005) r

(~~YI 4 ~~ 5)

~nn~~~~ ~~ ~~N~~n1 20 ~W (m~~ 6 ~~ n~~ 2) ~U1 m~~~~~~l~ 180 ~W ~~~n~~~~~ n~~~aU~mV~~~nm~~U~~1~

~~U u~n~~n~~~~~ 1~~~l~mn~i~KW~i~~~~ (P gt005)

~inni~~~~~~~~~~~~W1~1i~i~i~~~i~~m ~~ U~iU~ u~iUmN~~~

mi~Wl~ 1 ~~ ~~iU~N~~~mi~Wl~ 1 ~~1~~~I~~~~~~m 15 ~U1i

ni ~~~ aU~~v ~~~nm~~iU~~1~~ ~~1~~~W l~~ f~i~TT~~~i~~m~ 1~i1~li~ ullnGn~Ku~~~~ mh~iWu~~~fY (P gt005) t~~1Im1i~i~i~i~~n~~mi~W

U~~~~ U~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~U~~i~U~WU~~iN~~U~~~ ~~~~U~li~~~~ni

~Un~~~mU~mV~~m~~iU~~

~inni~l~i~~~~~iN ~~~~ U~~~~~~~~~ ~W~~iU~ ~U1i i~~

l~~ 574 II ~ ~~~~~~ 7~ 259 (~~~ifnll tX~) II ~ ~ inN~n i~ i ~~f l OWmO in

VO~~~~iU~~ ~~~iN1in~mO~~W~1W~~n~u1~~o~n1ir~~~~ 22 v~~~~~~nMl

(~~~ifn~~) ll~~~laquo~~~~inm~~U~~l~W~~~~~m~~~W~~~lnl~i ll~~n~~~~ti~

~~~N~li~~o~nill~~llu~ ll~~ ~O~~Oyen~ l~~~r~uni~~i~n~~o~~~~~w~~~~ r ~ ~

l~~ l ~i~Jl YI~uKu l 911 ~~~u ni l ~7~ l~u~mv ~~~~~U~~~~ 2 ~lm ~~1~ll~n~i~

Kw ~u~~ 3 ~llO~ ~W~~~l~l 180 ~w

8

55(5) 13-20

lyen(flw lfU1n~~w LL~~ ~fU~ (2532) ~yenUfilll-J LN~~l-J1J8~~ltl))l-iU 6 ~l-i i)mtJ~n~w~tl TL un~)t1 nwiJ~ 1 ~flii~ w~ I ~tJ~MGl~u1tJ~~ LllA~m 19 u bull

tJ~1l-itJ ~l1u Ll~l-im161~fJ~LL ~~ LYn~ LilJ~ VI~ 41-44

~~l-J~ Yi1~j~~ fl1Yi~ ~61l-J~()41l-i1V1 ll~~ [)i1l-i~ ~~7Cl1~~ (2531) fl LW~

LL ~ ~ [) 1U bull ~ Gl ~Yi 1 U~1 N~ ~ bull l-i ~ ~ lJ a l-i6Yflil-ll-i 1 J ~l-J ~ ~1~ 61 ~ Gl ~ bull 13 VI ~bullbull ~ ~

McDonald P Edwards R A and J F D Greenhalgh (1981)

Animal Nutrition the third edition Longman Inc New

York 479p

Sherman H C and L E Booher (1931) The Calcium Content of

the Body in Relation to that of the Food Journal of BioI

Chern 9393-103

----------------------------------------------------------------

9 I

~~im~O~~n~~~iU~~1~U~l~~~f~~nij~~~O~(Jl~VI 1 J

Oi~i~~1~ 1 [)i~~~jV1 2 Oi~ij~~YI 3

~h~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

- 01 oj- ~~ijn n~i~ Uil ~-lijn n~i~ Uil ~~~~n n~i~ Uil

( n) ( n~) ( lf~) ( n) ( n ~) ( lf~) ( n) (n~) ( n ~)

--------------------------------------------- _ _----------------shy

1 623 69 72 600 65 69 600 65 72

2 613 67 71 661 middot 71 77 605 66 71

3 643 69 74 625 67 71 540 64 68

4 623 67 72 608 66 71 621 68 73

5 626 68 73 625 68 72 618 66 71

6 623 67 71 600 65 70 634 68 74

7 546 64 69 582 65 68 61 5 65 70

8 603 66 71 594 65 69 643 67 73

613 67 72 612 67 71 610 66 72

2

(~~u~ ~~u~~~~~m~w~~~ 1 ~~~~~U~N~~~m~w~~~ 1 LL~~ 1~~~~

L~lJ~~El~L~() 15) L~~~WnTV1~~El~m~YntJtl Ntl~~nL~~U 612 LL~~89 n~

~W~~~~n~~n~~El~L~~U 67 LL~~35 ~~ ~~~U~~n1~~El~L~~U 72 ~~~

37 ~~WK~L~W~~W~L~w~~wGn~~ 1 L~m1 ~~ElU~nm~~tJ~llV1U ~~~ 1 ~ ~

~~w 1lw~w 4 ~~~ 10 ~~~DK~ mN~l~u L~DrL~RLU~ 180 ~W ~u1Rnm~ ~

~utlV1U llR~~~W Ntl~~nL~~UljW 3071 3094 lLR~ 3123 n~ LL~~

707 714 ~~~ 722 n~~ m~~l~U WDM~m~ 1 2~R~ 3 t~un~l1~~ ~

LitJtmwV1n~m1DM1~~~~~~llmn~~KwV1~~~i (P gt005) UR~ ~n~n~ ~

i

3

ABSTRACT

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of

vitamin mix and dicalcium phosphate on growth feed conversion

and survival rate of Trionyx cartilageneus and Trionyx

sinensis Three diets were used as chopped fishes chopped

fishes mixed with vitamin mix 1 and chopped fishes mixed with

vitamin mixland dicalcium phosphate 15 At the beginning of

the experiment the average weights of Trionyx cartilageneus

and Trionyx sinensis were 612 and 89 g the widths of

carapace were 67 and 35 em and the lengths were 72 and 37

cm respectively This experiment was conducted in cement tank

with diameter of 1 m and stocked with 4 and 10 soft-shelled

turtles respectively in Trionyx cartilageneus and Trionyx

sinensis There was no significant effect of vitamin mix and

dicalcium phospoate on the growth of these soCt-shelled turtles

(P gt005) The final weights of Trionyx cartilageneus and

Trionyx sinensis were 3071 3094 and 3123 g and 707 714

and 722 g respectively in the first the second and the third

diets Whereas the survival rate was 100 in all treatments

4

Gl~WltJ~1YHJ (Trio1Yx catilageneus) U~~Gl~WltJ~1~~1w (Trionyx

sinensis) l~wMGl~l~uUA~lwnu~~ti~~~l~Wul~li1~ Gl~WltJ~~~n~N~ A~lUl~l u~~n~~u~~uw~~nutJ~~u UA~lUW u~~~u~~u~~ l~W~~w~~nutJ

1~~uun~l~uU~~ 22 Vu~~~~nyen~(~~~n~~) ~lnN~nl~ll~u~l~w~~lnVu~Gl~

WltJ~~~U~W~~~Wl~~W~~~~~~~ (2534) ~~Sherman U~~ Booher(1931)

n~l~~l nll~W~~tJUA~lUWWul~1 Wijn~ln~~~laquo~~~Ul~~~~w6l~1wu~~

~~~laquo~nl~~~WVu~UA~lUW~u~~~u~~~nl~wtw

vu~NGl1~nQ~ (McDonald U~~ Aru~ 1981) ~~l~W w~~ln~w~vl~1urluw l~W ~nW~W~~~U~~~l nll~~W~Gll~WWnl~l~~ll~Gl ~~~laquo~~ln~W~Vl~~Gll~tw ~Gll~nl~u~Gl~~~ln 65 l~lulWU~ 40 ~~~Gl~W~W ~~~U~L~~lnlLU~

mh~lliiu~~ClJri~ (~lyenGl~ lL~~ Aru~ 2532) ~~~W ~A~1~~nl~n~l~~N~Vu~~Gll~W~W U~~1~A~L~UW~u~l~Gl

~ll~ElllGllnl L~7ClJL ~tJ~Gl Ll~~llGllnlluGlGllU V()~Gl~WltJ~1~tJU~~Gl~WltJ~1~

~~W lWu~~~uniiwnl liu~ ~~m1n~~W~Gl~YntJ~~ultl

j bull i J 1 lWu~n~l N~vu~nl~~Gll~W~WWul~l ~lIU~Gl~WltJW1~U U~~ 1Gl~~W

~unll~~ClJlmtJ~Gl ~Gllnlu~GllU lL~~nll~w~~~~~nlWVu~ul~l

2 lW()~mn N~ vu~n l~1~ A~ l~UWWu~ l~GlWu l~l~ LU~Gl~WltJ~1~U LL ~~

1~~~w ~unlL~~ClJL~tJ~Gl ~Gllnlu~GllU ~~ nllw~~~~~nlWVu~

5

)Ilj (2517) t~~ntlnl L~U~m~YnU~I~JUtJl~lH~2li)lllHH~iltJllMU Yluh

~~lnlL~~~LaU~~n~L1u~Kw ~~tJ~~~tJ~Ku ~I~~ (2530) n~11l nlL~U~ ~ ~YllU~1 ~ ~u ~ tJ llU~ ~~)I~1 U~1 tJ l~ l ~)I ~ ~ L-JW n l L~)I ~~hY1l~tJ l~ l tX II n~ ~

~ YllU~I)Ilnfw Wtl~~Lamp1U1Kw ~~)Il lll~ ~~~ (2531) Y1~ltJ~tJ1Ull~n~~YllU~1 YlU~l tJl~l~IYllnL~tJtJll~U~~)I1 lll~tJllUrll~W~~jl~lW 111 Y11~ ~n~~YllU~ltmL~ln1l nl7~L~tJtJllMUL~U~tJUl~L~U1L1JWtJl~l LLl~~ntJ~nl

~~~ ~lnnl~~Lnmm~YllU~IWu7)1nlmYlUll ~~~l)llnnwtJl~l~IYllnWnL~W

pfn~~ t~~lU

11 ~nm~YllU~ItY1U

lUl)1~n~~YllU~ItY1U~t~~lnnlLYll~Yin ~IW1W 24 ~1 ~~~I~Wn lll~

~~tlWl~~ll)ln~l~Ull~tJ~lI~l ll~lWIttJU1UllWK~~L)IW~~Wl~L~WNl~w6nll~ 1

Lwm7 ~IW1W 6 K~ t~U~)IllU~~nm~YllUW1 tJtJn L1JW 3 ~~~ml~ 2 -ll -lll~ 4 ~1

WK~UWUllll~l~K~ 12 ~n~~YllU~It~~~W

71U1)1~nm~YllU~It~~~W ~t~~lnnlLYll~Yin ~IW1W 90 ~1 ~~~I~Wn

nmiddotll~ 1 L)Im ~IW1W 9 K~ t~U~)IllU~~n~~YllU~1

l~ lO~l WK~tJWUllL~~l~K~

j

6

2 nlH)t-ttJ1~

n11~[)11~nltl~W1tJ~l1ULL~~~11~ ~~1~~U~~ 2 Il~~ L~1 LL~~ L~u t(lU

1laquo[) 1 11laquol-J 1nW m~n l 1u (tJ ~l-J 1N 1u~~ ~ 10 tf [) ~~litn~J) LL ~ ~ l tJ~uufh U~l~ n 1u

tltlU1laquo[)ll 3 n~(l LW[)LtJ~UtJL~UtJKu ~[)

21 tJ~ltJ(l

22 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1

23 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1 LL~~(lLL~~L~Ul-JW[)~LWltl 15

3 n1L~tJLL~~~U~n~[)l-J~IJ

~~wl~n LL~~~(ltfU1(ltl[)~~nltl~W1UwlVlU LL~~tti~u~nl 20 ~U g~LLmL~l-J Vlln1Vl(l~[)~ ~un~~~_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ L~U~U~Ld~l 180 ~u LL~dUl~[)l-J~l-J1~

IJ

l-Jnl~l-J 2534 - l-Jnl~l-J 2535

1 n1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~lnn1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~dU[)llVl(l~[)~ 3 ~ltl 1f

Ll~lVl(l~[)~ 180 1u L~r[)_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ WtJl1 [51tlln1[)(l1tl1UV[)~~nltl~W1U~l IJ

VlU L~U 100 ~l~nL~~Utf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~L~U~~dU[)ll 3 ~ltl L~U IJ IJ

3071 3094 LL~~ 3123 n~l-J 1U[)ll~ltl~ 1 2 LL~~ 3 ltl1l-J~l~tJ n1 IJ

L~~~L~tJtltltf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~~ 3 ~1tl[)11 ~~~d1l-JLLmn~1~XUVl1~~~~ (PI

gt005) (1tl11~~ 1 LL~~ 2 LL~~ fl1W~ 1 LL~~ 2)

~lnn1~L~1~~ LL~~~tJN~Vlnl20 ~u (m11~~ 3 LL~~ n~~ 1) WtJl1 ltl~[)Gl~Ul1Ld~l 1801u ~Vlln1Vl(l5l[)~ n1L~~~LmtJtltltf1~~nmpoundW1tJ~lVlU1UVln

IJ

7

~ 2 n~~~~~R~~~n~~~U~~1~~~U

~nn~~~~~~~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U ~l~~~~~~~~ 3 ~m ~~l~ ~~~~~ 180 ~U rO~W~~nTm~~~~ rHJi ~mn~~m-ltJv ~~~nm~~u~~1f~~u ~U 100 ~~~~nw~UV~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U~~~~~lUO~ 3 ~m~U 707

714 ~~ 722 n~~ ~W~~~m1~ 1 2 ~~ 3 m~~~~u n~~~aU~~ ~

v~~~nm~~u~~1tf(~~W~~3 ~m~~ 1~i~l~mnG1I~K~~~f1~ (P gt005) r

(~~YI 4 ~~ 5)

~nn~~~~ ~~ ~~N~~n1 20 ~W (m~~ 6 ~~ n~~ 2) ~U1 m~~~~~~l~ 180 ~W ~~~n~~~~~ n~~~aU~mV~~~nm~~U~~1~

~~U u~n~~n~~~~~ 1~~~l~mn~i~KW~i~~~~ (P gt005)

~inni~~~~~~~~~~~~W1~1i~i~i~~~i~~m ~~ U~iU~ u~iUmN~~~

mi~Wl~ 1 ~~ ~~iU~N~~~mi~Wl~ 1 ~~1~~~I~~~~~~m 15 ~U1i

ni ~~~ aU~~v ~~~nm~~iU~~1~~ ~~1~~~W l~~ f~i~TT~~~i~~m~ 1~i1~li~ ullnGn~Ku~~~~ mh~iWu~~~fY (P gt005) t~~1Im1i~i~i~i~~n~~mi~W

U~~~~ U~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~U~~i~U~WU~~iN~~U~~~ ~~~~U~li~~~~ni

~Un~~~mU~mV~~m~~iU~~

~inni~l~i~~~~~iN ~~~~ U~~~~~~~~~ ~W~~iU~ ~U1i i~~

l~~ 574 II ~ ~~~~~~ 7~ 259 (~~~ifnll tX~) II ~ ~ inN~n i~ i ~~f l OWmO in

VO~~~~iU~~ ~~~iN1in~mO~~W~1W~~n~u1~~o~n1ir~~~~ 22 v~~~~~~nMl

(~~~ifn~~) ll~~~laquo~~~~inm~~U~~l~W~~~~~m~~~W~~~lnl~i ll~~n~~~~ti~

~~~N~li~~o~nill~~llu~ ll~~ ~O~~Oyen~ l~~~r~uni~~i~n~~o~~~~~w~~~~ r ~ ~

l~~ l ~i~Jl YI~uKu l 911 ~~~u ni l ~7~ l~u~mv ~~~~~U~~~~ 2 ~lm ~~1~ll~n~i~

Kw ~u~~ 3 ~llO~ ~W~~~l~l 180 ~w

8

55(5) 13-20

lyen(flw lfU1n~~w LL~~ ~fU~ (2532) ~yenUfilll-J LN~~l-J1J8~~ltl))l-iU 6 ~l-i i)mtJ~n~w~tl TL un~)t1 nwiJ~ 1 ~flii~ w~ I ~tJ~MGl~u1tJ~~ LllA~m 19 u bull

tJ~1l-itJ ~l1u Ll~l-im161~fJ~LL ~~ LYn~ LilJ~ VI~ 41-44

~~l-J~ Yi1~j~~ fl1Yi~ ~61l-J~()41l-i1V1 ll~~ [)i1l-i~ ~~7Cl1~~ (2531) fl LW~

LL ~ ~ [) 1U bull ~ Gl ~Yi 1 U~1 N~ ~ bull l-i ~ ~ lJ a l-i6Yflil-ll-i 1 J ~l-J ~ ~1~ 61 ~ Gl ~ bull 13 VI ~bullbull ~ ~

McDonald P Edwards R A and J F D Greenhalgh (1981)

Animal Nutrition the third edition Longman Inc New

York 479p

Sherman H C and L E Booher (1931) The Calcium Content of

the Body in Relation to that of the Food Journal of BioI

Chern 9393-103

----------------------------------------------------------------

9 I

~~im~O~~n~~~iU~~1~U~l~~~f~~nij~~~O~(Jl~VI 1 J

Oi~i~~1~ 1 [)i~~~jV1 2 Oi~ij~~YI 3

~h~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

- 01 oj- ~~ijn n~i~ Uil ~-lijn n~i~ Uil ~~~~n n~i~ Uil

( n) ( n~) ( lf~) ( n) ( n ~) ( lf~) ( n) (n~) ( n ~)

--------------------------------------------- _ _----------------shy

1 623 69 72 600 65 69 600 65 72

2 613 67 71 661 middot 71 77 605 66 71

3 643 69 74 625 67 71 540 64 68

4 623 67 72 608 66 71 621 68 73

5 626 68 73 625 68 72 618 66 71

6 623 67 71 600 65 70 634 68 74

7 546 64 69 582 65 68 61 5 65 70

8 603 66 71 594 65 69 643 67 73

613 67 72 612 67 71 610 66 72

3

ABSTRACT

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of

vitamin mix and dicalcium phosphate on growth feed conversion

and survival rate of Trionyx cartilageneus and Trionyx

sinensis Three diets were used as chopped fishes chopped

fishes mixed with vitamin mix 1 and chopped fishes mixed with

vitamin mixland dicalcium phosphate 15 At the beginning of

the experiment the average weights of Trionyx cartilageneus

and Trionyx sinensis were 612 and 89 g the widths of

carapace were 67 and 35 em and the lengths were 72 and 37

cm respectively This experiment was conducted in cement tank

with diameter of 1 m and stocked with 4 and 10 soft-shelled

turtles respectively in Trionyx cartilageneus and Trionyx

sinensis There was no significant effect of vitamin mix and

dicalcium phospoate on the growth of these soCt-shelled turtles

(P gt005) The final weights of Trionyx cartilageneus and

Trionyx sinensis were 3071 3094 and 3123 g and 707 714

and 722 g respectively in the first the second and the third

diets Whereas the survival rate was 100 in all treatments

4

Gl~WltJ~1YHJ (Trio1Yx catilageneus) U~~Gl~WltJ~1~~1w (Trionyx

sinensis) l~wMGl~l~uUA~lwnu~~ti~~~l~Wul~li1~ Gl~WltJ~~~n~N~ A~lUl~l u~~n~~u~~uw~~nutJ~~u UA~lUW u~~~u~~u~~ l~W~~w~~nutJ

1~~uun~l~uU~~ 22 Vu~~~~nyen~(~~~n~~) ~lnN~nl~ll~u~l~w~~lnVu~Gl~

WltJ~~~U~W~~~Wl~~W~~~~~~~ (2534) ~~Sherman U~~ Booher(1931)

n~l~~l nll~W~~tJUA~lUWWul~1 Wijn~ln~~~laquo~~~Ul~~~~w6l~1wu~~

~~~laquo~nl~~~WVu~UA~lUW~u~~~u~~~nl~wtw

vu~NGl1~nQ~ (McDonald U~~ Aru~ 1981) ~~l~W w~~ln~w~vl~1urluw l~W ~nW~W~~~U~~~l nll~~W~Gll~WWnl~l~~ll~Gl ~~~laquo~~ln~W~Vl~~Gll~tw ~Gll~nl~u~Gl~~~ln 65 l~lulWU~ 40 ~~~Gl~W~W ~~~U~L~~lnlLU~

mh~lliiu~~ClJri~ (~lyenGl~ lL~~ Aru~ 2532) ~~~W ~A~1~~nl~n~l~~N~Vu~~Gll~W~W U~~1~A~L~UW~u~l~Gl

~ll~ElllGllnl L~7ClJL ~tJ~Gl Ll~~llGllnlluGlGllU V()~Gl~WltJ~1~tJU~~Gl~WltJ~1~

~~W lWu~~~uniiwnl liu~ ~~m1n~~W~Gl~YntJ~~ultl

j bull i J 1 lWu~n~l N~vu~nl~~Gll~W~WWul~l ~lIU~Gl~WltJW1~U U~~ 1Gl~~W

~unll~~ClJlmtJ~Gl ~Gllnlu~GllU lL~~nll~w~~~~~nlWVu~ul~l

2 lW()~mn N~ vu~n l~1~ A~ l~UWWu~ l~GlWu l~l~ LU~Gl~WltJ~1~U LL ~~

1~~~w ~unlL~~ClJL~tJ~Gl ~Gllnlu~GllU ~~ nllw~~~~~nlWVu~

5

)Ilj (2517) t~~ntlnl L~U~m~YnU~I~JUtJl~lH~2li)lllHH~iltJllMU Yluh

~~lnlL~~~LaU~~n~L1u~Kw ~~tJ~~~tJ~Ku ~I~~ (2530) n~11l nlL~U~ ~ ~YllU~1 ~ ~u ~ tJ llU~ ~~)I~1 U~1 tJ l~ l ~)I ~ ~ L-JW n l L~)I ~~hY1l~tJ l~ l tX II n~ ~

~ YllU~I)Ilnfw Wtl~~Lamp1U1Kw ~~)Il lll~ ~~~ (2531) Y1~ltJ~tJ1Ull~n~~YllU~1 YlU~l tJl~l~IYllnL~tJtJll~U~~)I1 lll~tJllUrll~W~~jl~lW 111 Y11~ ~n~~YllU~ltmL~ln1l nl7~L~tJtJllMUL~U~tJUl~L~U1L1JWtJl~l LLl~~ntJ~nl

~~~ ~lnnl~~Lnmm~YllU~IWu7)1nlmYlUll ~~~l)llnnwtJl~l~IYllnWnL~W

pfn~~ t~~lU

11 ~nm~YllU~ItY1U

lUl)1~n~~YllU~ItY1U~t~~lnnlLYll~Yin ~IW1W 24 ~1 ~~~I~Wn lll~

~~tlWl~~ll)ln~l~Ull~tJ~lI~l ll~lWIttJU1UllWK~~L)IW~~Wl~L~WNl~w6nll~ 1

Lwm7 ~IW1W 6 K~ t~U~)IllU~~nm~YllUW1 tJtJn L1JW 3 ~~~ml~ 2 -ll -lll~ 4 ~1

WK~UWUllll~l~K~ 12 ~n~~YllU~It~~~W

71U1)1~nm~YllU~It~~~W ~t~~lnnlLYll~Yin ~IW1W 90 ~1 ~~~I~Wn

nmiddotll~ 1 L)Im ~IW1W 9 K~ t~U~)IllU~~n~~YllU~1

l~ lO~l WK~tJWUllL~~l~K~

j

6

2 nlH)t-ttJ1~

n11~[)11~nltl~W1tJ~l1ULL~~~11~ ~~1~~U~~ 2 Il~~ L~1 LL~~ L~u t(lU

1laquo[) 1 11laquol-J 1nW m~n l 1u (tJ ~l-J 1N 1u~~ ~ 10 tf [) ~~litn~J) LL ~ ~ l tJ~uufh U~l~ n 1u

tltlU1laquo[)ll 3 n~(l LW[)LtJ~UtJL~UtJKu ~[)

21 tJ~ltJ(l

22 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1

23 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1 LL~~(lLL~~L~Ul-JW[)~LWltl 15

3 n1L~tJLL~~~U~n~[)l-J~IJ

~~wl~n LL~~~(ltfU1(ltl[)~~nltl~W1UwlVlU LL~~tti~u~nl 20 ~U g~LLmL~l-J Vlln1Vl(l~[)~ ~un~~~_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ L~U~U~Ld~l 180 ~u LL~dUl~[)l-J~l-J1~

IJ

l-Jnl~l-J 2534 - l-Jnl~l-J 2535

1 n1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~lnn1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~dU[)llVl(l~[)~ 3 ~ltl 1f

Ll~lVl(l~[)~ 180 1u L~r[)_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ WtJl1 [51tlln1[)(l1tl1UV[)~~nltl~W1U~l IJ

VlU L~U 100 ~l~nL~~Utf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~L~U~~dU[)ll 3 ~ltl L~U IJ IJ

3071 3094 LL~~ 3123 n~l-J 1U[)ll~ltl~ 1 2 LL~~ 3 ltl1l-J~l~tJ n1 IJ

L~~~L~tJtltltf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~~ 3 ~1tl[)11 ~~~d1l-JLLmn~1~XUVl1~~~~ (PI

gt005) (1tl11~~ 1 LL~~ 2 LL~~ fl1W~ 1 LL~~ 2)

~lnn1~L~1~~ LL~~~tJN~Vlnl20 ~u (m11~~ 3 LL~~ n~~ 1) WtJl1 ltl~[)Gl~Ul1Ld~l 1801u ~Vlln1Vl(l5l[)~ n1L~~~LmtJtltltf1~~nmpoundW1tJ~lVlU1UVln

IJ

7

~ 2 n~~~~~R~~~n~~~U~~1~~~U

~nn~~~~~~~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U ~l~~~~~~~~ 3 ~m ~~l~ ~~~~~ 180 ~U rO~W~~nTm~~~~ rHJi ~mn~~m-ltJv ~~~nm~~u~~1f~~u ~U 100 ~~~~nw~UV~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U~~~~~lUO~ 3 ~m~U 707

714 ~~ 722 n~~ ~W~~~m1~ 1 2 ~~ 3 m~~~~u n~~~aU~~ ~

v~~~nm~~u~~1tf(~~W~~3 ~m~~ 1~i~l~mnG1I~K~~~f1~ (P gt005) r

(~~YI 4 ~~ 5)

~nn~~~~ ~~ ~~N~~n1 20 ~W (m~~ 6 ~~ n~~ 2) ~U1 m~~~~~~l~ 180 ~W ~~~n~~~~~ n~~~aU~mV~~~nm~~U~~1~

~~U u~n~~n~~~~~ 1~~~l~mn~i~KW~i~~~~ (P gt005)

~inni~~~~~~~~~~~~W1~1i~i~i~~~i~~m ~~ U~iU~ u~iUmN~~~

mi~Wl~ 1 ~~ ~~iU~N~~~mi~Wl~ 1 ~~1~~~I~~~~~~m 15 ~U1i

ni ~~~ aU~~v ~~~nm~~iU~~1~~ ~~1~~~W l~~ f~i~TT~~~i~~m~ 1~i1~li~ ullnGn~Ku~~~~ mh~iWu~~~fY (P gt005) t~~1Im1i~i~i~i~~n~~mi~W

U~~~~ U~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~U~~i~U~WU~~iN~~U~~~ ~~~~U~li~~~~ni

~Un~~~mU~mV~~m~~iU~~

~inni~l~i~~~~~iN ~~~~ U~~~~~~~~~ ~W~~iU~ ~U1i i~~

l~~ 574 II ~ ~~~~~~ 7~ 259 (~~~ifnll tX~) II ~ ~ inN~n i~ i ~~f l OWmO in

VO~~~~iU~~ ~~~iN1in~mO~~W~1W~~n~u1~~o~n1ir~~~~ 22 v~~~~~~nMl

(~~~ifn~~) ll~~~laquo~~~~inm~~U~~l~W~~~~~m~~~W~~~lnl~i ll~~n~~~~ti~

~~~N~li~~o~nill~~llu~ ll~~ ~O~~Oyen~ l~~~r~uni~~i~n~~o~~~~~w~~~~ r ~ ~

l~~ l ~i~Jl YI~uKu l 911 ~~~u ni l ~7~ l~u~mv ~~~~~U~~~~ 2 ~lm ~~1~ll~n~i~

Kw ~u~~ 3 ~llO~ ~W~~~l~l 180 ~w

8

55(5) 13-20

lyen(flw lfU1n~~w LL~~ ~fU~ (2532) ~yenUfilll-J LN~~l-J1J8~~ltl))l-iU 6 ~l-i i)mtJ~n~w~tl TL un~)t1 nwiJ~ 1 ~flii~ w~ I ~tJ~MGl~u1tJ~~ LllA~m 19 u bull

tJ~1l-itJ ~l1u Ll~l-im161~fJ~LL ~~ LYn~ LilJ~ VI~ 41-44

~~l-J~ Yi1~j~~ fl1Yi~ ~61l-J~()41l-i1V1 ll~~ [)i1l-i~ ~~7Cl1~~ (2531) fl LW~

LL ~ ~ [) 1U bull ~ Gl ~Yi 1 U~1 N~ ~ bull l-i ~ ~ lJ a l-i6Yflil-ll-i 1 J ~l-J ~ ~1~ 61 ~ Gl ~ bull 13 VI ~bullbull ~ ~

McDonald P Edwards R A and J F D Greenhalgh (1981)

Animal Nutrition the third edition Longman Inc New

York 479p

Sherman H C and L E Booher (1931) The Calcium Content of

the Body in Relation to that of the Food Journal of BioI

Chern 9393-103

----------------------------------------------------------------

9 I

~~im~O~~n~~~iU~~1~U~l~~~f~~nij~~~O~(Jl~VI 1 J

Oi~i~~1~ 1 [)i~~~jV1 2 Oi~ij~~YI 3

~h~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

- 01 oj- ~~ijn n~i~ Uil ~-lijn n~i~ Uil ~~~~n n~i~ Uil

( n) ( n~) ( lf~) ( n) ( n ~) ( lf~) ( n) (n~) ( n ~)

--------------------------------------------- _ _----------------shy

1 623 69 72 600 65 69 600 65 72

2 613 67 71 661 middot 71 77 605 66 71

3 643 69 74 625 67 71 540 64 68

4 623 67 72 608 66 71 621 68 73

5 626 68 73 625 68 72 618 66 71

6 623 67 71 600 65 70 634 68 74

7 546 64 69 582 65 68 61 5 65 70

8 603 66 71 594 65 69 643 67 73

613 67 72 612 67 71 610 66 72

4

Gl~WltJ~1YHJ (Trio1Yx catilageneus) U~~Gl~WltJ~1~~1w (Trionyx

sinensis) l~wMGl~l~uUA~lwnu~~ti~~~l~Wul~li1~ Gl~WltJ~~~n~N~ A~lUl~l u~~n~~u~~uw~~nutJ~~u UA~lUW u~~~u~~u~~ l~W~~w~~nutJ

1~~uun~l~uU~~ 22 Vu~~~~nyen~(~~~n~~) ~lnN~nl~ll~u~l~w~~lnVu~Gl~

WltJ~~~U~W~~~Wl~~W~~~~~~~ (2534) ~~Sherman U~~ Booher(1931)

n~l~~l nll~W~~tJUA~lUWWul~1 Wijn~ln~~~laquo~~~Ul~~~~w6l~1wu~~

~~~laquo~nl~~~WVu~UA~lUW~u~~~u~~~nl~wtw

vu~NGl1~nQ~ (McDonald U~~ Aru~ 1981) ~~l~W w~~ln~w~vl~1urluw l~W ~nW~W~~~U~~~l nll~~W~Gll~WWnl~l~~ll~Gl ~~~laquo~~ln~W~Vl~~Gll~tw ~Gll~nl~u~Gl~~~ln 65 l~lulWU~ 40 ~~~Gl~W~W ~~~U~L~~lnlLU~

mh~lliiu~~ClJri~ (~lyenGl~ lL~~ Aru~ 2532) ~~~W ~A~1~~nl~n~l~~N~Vu~~Gll~W~W U~~1~A~L~UW~u~l~Gl

~ll~ElllGllnl L~7ClJL ~tJ~Gl Ll~~llGllnlluGlGllU V()~Gl~WltJ~1~tJU~~Gl~WltJ~1~

~~W lWu~~~uniiwnl liu~ ~~m1n~~W~Gl~YntJ~~ultl

j bull i J 1 lWu~n~l N~vu~nl~~Gll~W~WWul~l ~lIU~Gl~WltJW1~U U~~ 1Gl~~W

~unll~~ClJlmtJ~Gl ~Gllnlu~GllU lL~~nll~w~~~~~nlWVu~ul~l

2 lW()~mn N~ vu~n l~1~ A~ l~UWWu~ l~GlWu l~l~ LU~Gl~WltJ~1~U LL ~~

1~~~w ~unlL~~ClJL~tJ~Gl ~Gllnlu~GllU ~~ nllw~~~~~nlWVu~

5

)Ilj (2517) t~~ntlnl L~U~m~YnU~I~JUtJl~lH~2li)lllHH~iltJllMU Yluh

~~lnlL~~~LaU~~n~L1u~Kw ~~tJ~~~tJ~Ku ~I~~ (2530) n~11l nlL~U~ ~ ~YllU~1 ~ ~u ~ tJ llU~ ~~)I~1 U~1 tJ l~ l ~)I ~ ~ L-JW n l L~)I ~~hY1l~tJ l~ l tX II n~ ~

~ YllU~I)Ilnfw Wtl~~Lamp1U1Kw ~~)Il lll~ ~~~ (2531) Y1~ltJ~tJ1Ull~n~~YllU~1 YlU~l tJl~l~IYllnL~tJtJll~U~~)I1 lll~tJllUrll~W~~jl~lW 111 Y11~ ~n~~YllU~ltmL~ln1l nl7~L~tJtJllMUL~U~tJUl~L~U1L1JWtJl~l LLl~~ntJ~nl

~~~ ~lnnl~~Lnmm~YllU~IWu7)1nlmYlUll ~~~l)llnnwtJl~l~IYllnWnL~W

pfn~~ t~~lU

11 ~nm~YllU~ItY1U

lUl)1~n~~YllU~ItY1U~t~~lnnlLYll~Yin ~IW1W 24 ~1 ~~~I~Wn lll~

~~tlWl~~ll)ln~l~Ull~tJ~lI~l ll~lWIttJU1UllWK~~L)IW~~Wl~L~WNl~w6nll~ 1

Lwm7 ~IW1W 6 K~ t~U~)IllU~~nm~YllUW1 tJtJn L1JW 3 ~~~ml~ 2 -ll -lll~ 4 ~1

WK~UWUllll~l~K~ 12 ~n~~YllU~It~~~W

71U1)1~nm~YllU~It~~~W ~t~~lnnlLYll~Yin ~IW1W 90 ~1 ~~~I~Wn

nmiddotll~ 1 L)Im ~IW1W 9 K~ t~U~)IllU~~n~~YllU~1

l~ lO~l WK~tJWUllL~~l~K~

j

6

2 nlH)t-ttJ1~

n11~[)11~nltl~W1tJ~l1ULL~~~11~ ~~1~~U~~ 2 Il~~ L~1 LL~~ L~u t(lU

1laquo[) 1 11laquol-J 1nW m~n l 1u (tJ ~l-J 1N 1u~~ ~ 10 tf [) ~~litn~J) LL ~ ~ l tJ~uufh U~l~ n 1u

tltlU1laquo[)ll 3 n~(l LW[)LtJ~UtJL~UtJKu ~[)

21 tJ~ltJ(l

22 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1

23 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1 LL~~(lLL~~L~Ul-JW[)~LWltl 15

3 n1L~tJLL~~~U~n~[)l-J~IJ

~~wl~n LL~~~(ltfU1(ltl[)~~nltl~W1UwlVlU LL~~tti~u~nl 20 ~U g~LLmL~l-J Vlln1Vl(l~[)~ ~un~~~_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ L~U~U~Ld~l 180 ~u LL~dUl~[)l-J~l-J1~

IJ

l-Jnl~l-J 2534 - l-Jnl~l-J 2535

1 n1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~lnn1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~dU[)llVl(l~[)~ 3 ~ltl 1f

Ll~lVl(l~[)~ 180 1u L~r[)_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ WtJl1 [51tlln1[)(l1tl1UV[)~~nltl~W1U~l IJ

VlU L~U 100 ~l~nL~~Utf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~L~U~~dU[)ll 3 ~ltl L~U IJ IJ

3071 3094 LL~~ 3123 n~l-J 1U[)ll~ltl~ 1 2 LL~~ 3 ltl1l-J~l~tJ n1 IJ

L~~~L~tJtltltf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~~ 3 ~1tl[)11 ~~~d1l-JLLmn~1~XUVl1~~~~ (PI

gt005) (1tl11~~ 1 LL~~ 2 LL~~ fl1W~ 1 LL~~ 2)

~lnn1~L~1~~ LL~~~tJN~Vlnl20 ~u (m11~~ 3 LL~~ n~~ 1) WtJl1 ltl~[)Gl~Ul1Ld~l 1801u ~Vlln1Vl(l5l[)~ n1L~~~LmtJtltltf1~~nmpoundW1tJ~lVlU1UVln

IJ

7

~ 2 n~~~~~R~~~n~~~U~~1~~~U

~nn~~~~~~~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U ~l~~~~~~~~ 3 ~m ~~l~ ~~~~~ 180 ~U rO~W~~nTm~~~~ rHJi ~mn~~m-ltJv ~~~nm~~u~~1f~~u ~U 100 ~~~~nw~UV~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U~~~~~lUO~ 3 ~m~U 707

714 ~~ 722 n~~ ~W~~~m1~ 1 2 ~~ 3 m~~~~u n~~~aU~~ ~

v~~~nm~~u~~1tf(~~W~~3 ~m~~ 1~i~l~mnG1I~K~~~f1~ (P gt005) r

(~~YI 4 ~~ 5)

~nn~~~~ ~~ ~~N~~n1 20 ~W (m~~ 6 ~~ n~~ 2) ~U1 m~~~~~~l~ 180 ~W ~~~n~~~~~ n~~~aU~mV~~~nm~~U~~1~

~~U u~n~~n~~~~~ 1~~~l~mn~i~KW~i~~~~ (P gt005)

~inni~~~~~~~~~~~~W1~1i~i~i~~~i~~m ~~ U~iU~ u~iUmN~~~

mi~Wl~ 1 ~~ ~~iU~N~~~mi~Wl~ 1 ~~1~~~I~~~~~~m 15 ~U1i

ni ~~~ aU~~v ~~~nm~~iU~~1~~ ~~1~~~W l~~ f~i~TT~~~i~~m~ 1~i1~li~ ullnGn~Ku~~~~ mh~iWu~~~fY (P gt005) t~~1Im1i~i~i~i~~n~~mi~W

U~~~~ U~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~U~~i~U~WU~~iN~~U~~~ ~~~~U~li~~~~ni

~Un~~~mU~mV~~m~~iU~~

~inni~l~i~~~~~iN ~~~~ U~~~~~~~~~ ~W~~iU~ ~U1i i~~

l~~ 574 II ~ ~~~~~~ 7~ 259 (~~~ifnll tX~) II ~ ~ inN~n i~ i ~~f l OWmO in

VO~~~~iU~~ ~~~iN1in~mO~~W~1W~~n~u1~~o~n1ir~~~~ 22 v~~~~~~nMl

(~~~ifn~~) ll~~~laquo~~~~inm~~U~~l~W~~~~~m~~~W~~~lnl~i ll~~n~~~~ti~

~~~N~li~~o~nill~~llu~ ll~~ ~O~~Oyen~ l~~~r~uni~~i~n~~o~~~~~w~~~~ r ~ ~

l~~ l ~i~Jl YI~uKu l 911 ~~~u ni l ~7~ l~u~mv ~~~~~U~~~~ 2 ~lm ~~1~ll~n~i~

Kw ~u~~ 3 ~llO~ ~W~~~l~l 180 ~w

8

55(5) 13-20

lyen(flw lfU1n~~w LL~~ ~fU~ (2532) ~yenUfilll-J LN~~l-J1J8~~ltl))l-iU 6 ~l-i i)mtJ~n~w~tl TL un~)t1 nwiJ~ 1 ~flii~ w~ I ~tJ~MGl~u1tJ~~ LllA~m 19 u bull

tJ~1l-itJ ~l1u Ll~l-im161~fJ~LL ~~ LYn~ LilJ~ VI~ 41-44

~~l-J~ Yi1~j~~ fl1Yi~ ~61l-J~()41l-i1V1 ll~~ [)i1l-i~ ~~7Cl1~~ (2531) fl LW~

LL ~ ~ [) 1U bull ~ Gl ~Yi 1 U~1 N~ ~ bull l-i ~ ~ lJ a l-i6Yflil-ll-i 1 J ~l-J ~ ~1~ 61 ~ Gl ~ bull 13 VI ~bullbull ~ ~

McDonald P Edwards R A and J F D Greenhalgh (1981)

Animal Nutrition the third edition Longman Inc New

York 479p

Sherman H C and L E Booher (1931) The Calcium Content of

the Body in Relation to that of the Food Journal of BioI

Chern 9393-103

----------------------------------------------------------------

9 I

~~im~O~~n~~~iU~~1~U~l~~~f~~nij~~~O~(Jl~VI 1 J

Oi~i~~1~ 1 [)i~~~jV1 2 Oi~ij~~YI 3

~h~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

- 01 oj- ~~ijn n~i~ Uil ~-lijn n~i~ Uil ~~~~n n~i~ Uil

( n) ( n~) ( lf~) ( n) ( n ~) ( lf~) ( n) (n~) ( n ~)

--------------------------------------------- _ _----------------shy

1 623 69 72 600 65 69 600 65 72

2 613 67 71 661 middot 71 77 605 66 71

3 643 69 74 625 67 71 540 64 68

4 623 67 72 608 66 71 621 68 73

5 626 68 73 625 68 72 618 66 71

6 623 67 71 600 65 70 634 68 74

7 546 64 69 582 65 68 61 5 65 70

8 603 66 71 594 65 69 643 67 73

613 67 72 612 67 71 610 66 72

5

)Ilj (2517) t~~ntlnl L~U~m~YnU~I~JUtJl~lH~2li)lllHH~iltJllMU Yluh

~~lnlL~~~LaU~~n~L1u~Kw ~~tJ~~~tJ~Ku ~I~~ (2530) n~11l nlL~U~ ~ ~YllU~1 ~ ~u ~ tJ llU~ ~~)I~1 U~1 tJ l~ l ~)I ~ ~ L-JW n l L~)I ~~hY1l~tJ l~ l tX II n~ ~

~ YllU~I)Ilnfw Wtl~~Lamp1U1Kw ~~)Il lll~ ~~~ (2531) Y1~ltJ~tJ1Ull~n~~YllU~1 YlU~l tJl~l~IYllnL~tJtJll~U~~)I1 lll~tJllUrll~W~~jl~lW 111 Y11~ ~n~~YllU~ltmL~ln1l nl7~L~tJtJllMUL~U~tJUl~L~U1L1JWtJl~l LLl~~ntJ~nl

~~~ ~lnnl~~Lnmm~YllU~IWu7)1nlmYlUll ~~~l)llnnwtJl~l~IYllnWnL~W

pfn~~ t~~lU

11 ~nm~YllU~ItY1U

lUl)1~n~~YllU~ItY1U~t~~lnnlLYll~Yin ~IW1W 24 ~1 ~~~I~Wn lll~

~~tlWl~~ll)ln~l~Ull~tJ~lI~l ll~lWIttJU1UllWK~~L)IW~~Wl~L~WNl~w6nll~ 1

Lwm7 ~IW1W 6 K~ t~U~)IllU~~nm~YllUW1 tJtJn L1JW 3 ~~~ml~ 2 -ll -lll~ 4 ~1

WK~UWUllll~l~K~ 12 ~n~~YllU~It~~~W

71U1)1~nm~YllU~It~~~W ~t~~lnnlLYll~Yin ~IW1W 90 ~1 ~~~I~Wn

nmiddotll~ 1 L)Im ~IW1W 9 K~ t~U~)IllU~~n~~YllU~1

l~ lO~l WK~tJWUllL~~l~K~

j

6

2 nlH)t-ttJ1~

n11~[)11~nltl~W1tJ~l1ULL~~~11~ ~~1~~U~~ 2 Il~~ L~1 LL~~ L~u t(lU

1laquo[) 1 11laquol-J 1nW m~n l 1u (tJ ~l-J 1N 1u~~ ~ 10 tf [) ~~litn~J) LL ~ ~ l tJ~uufh U~l~ n 1u

tltlU1laquo[)ll 3 n~(l LW[)LtJ~UtJL~UtJKu ~[)

21 tJ~ltJ(l

22 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1

23 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1 LL~~(lLL~~L~Ul-JW[)~LWltl 15

3 n1L~tJLL~~~U~n~[)l-J~IJ

~~wl~n LL~~~(ltfU1(ltl[)~~nltl~W1UwlVlU LL~~tti~u~nl 20 ~U g~LLmL~l-J Vlln1Vl(l~[)~ ~un~~~_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ L~U~U~Ld~l 180 ~u LL~dUl~[)l-J~l-J1~

IJ

l-Jnl~l-J 2534 - l-Jnl~l-J 2535

1 n1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~lnn1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~dU[)llVl(l~[)~ 3 ~ltl 1f

Ll~lVl(l~[)~ 180 1u L~r[)_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ WtJl1 [51tlln1[)(l1tl1UV[)~~nltl~W1U~l IJ

VlU L~U 100 ~l~nL~~Utf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~L~U~~dU[)ll 3 ~ltl L~U IJ IJ

3071 3094 LL~~ 3123 n~l-J 1U[)ll~ltl~ 1 2 LL~~ 3 ltl1l-J~l~tJ n1 IJ

L~~~L~tJtltltf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~~ 3 ~1tl[)11 ~~~d1l-JLLmn~1~XUVl1~~~~ (PI

gt005) (1tl11~~ 1 LL~~ 2 LL~~ fl1W~ 1 LL~~ 2)

~lnn1~L~1~~ LL~~~tJN~Vlnl20 ~u (m11~~ 3 LL~~ n~~ 1) WtJl1 ltl~[)Gl~Ul1Ld~l 1801u ~Vlln1Vl(l5l[)~ n1L~~~LmtJtltltf1~~nmpoundW1tJ~lVlU1UVln

IJ

7

~ 2 n~~~~~R~~~n~~~U~~1~~~U

~nn~~~~~~~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U ~l~~~~~~~~ 3 ~m ~~l~ ~~~~~ 180 ~U rO~W~~nTm~~~~ rHJi ~mn~~m-ltJv ~~~nm~~u~~1f~~u ~U 100 ~~~~nw~UV~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U~~~~~lUO~ 3 ~m~U 707

714 ~~ 722 n~~ ~W~~~m1~ 1 2 ~~ 3 m~~~~u n~~~aU~~ ~

v~~~nm~~u~~1tf(~~W~~3 ~m~~ 1~i~l~mnG1I~K~~~f1~ (P gt005) r

(~~YI 4 ~~ 5)

~nn~~~~ ~~ ~~N~~n1 20 ~W (m~~ 6 ~~ n~~ 2) ~U1 m~~~~~~l~ 180 ~W ~~~n~~~~~ n~~~aU~mV~~~nm~~U~~1~

~~U u~n~~n~~~~~ 1~~~l~mn~i~KW~i~~~~ (P gt005)

~inni~~~~~~~~~~~~W1~1i~i~i~~~i~~m ~~ U~iU~ u~iUmN~~~

mi~Wl~ 1 ~~ ~~iU~N~~~mi~Wl~ 1 ~~1~~~I~~~~~~m 15 ~U1i

ni ~~~ aU~~v ~~~nm~~iU~~1~~ ~~1~~~W l~~ f~i~TT~~~i~~m~ 1~i1~li~ ullnGn~Ku~~~~ mh~iWu~~~fY (P gt005) t~~1Im1i~i~i~i~~n~~mi~W

U~~~~ U~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~U~~i~U~WU~~iN~~U~~~ ~~~~U~li~~~~ni

~Un~~~mU~mV~~m~~iU~~

~inni~l~i~~~~~iN ~~~~ U~~~~~~~~~ ~W~~iU~ ~U1i i~~

l~~ 574 II ~ ~~~~~~ 7~ 259 (~~~ifnll tX~) II ~ ~ inN~n i~ i ~~f l OWmO in

VO~~~~iU~~ ~~~iN1in~mO~~W~1W~~n~u1~~o~n1ir~~~~ 22 v~~~~~~nMl

(~~~ifn~~) ll~~~laquo~~~~inm~~U~~l~W~~~~~m~~~W~~~lnl~i ll~~n~~~~ti~

~~~N~li~~o~nill~~llu~ ll~~ ~O~~Oyen~ l~~~r~uni~~i~n~~o~~~~~w~~~~ r ~ ~

l~~ l ~i~Jl YI~uKu l 911 ~~~u ni l ~7~ l~u~mv ~~~~~U~~~~ 2 ~lm ~~1~ll~n~i~

Kw ~u~~ 3 ~llO~ ~W~~~l~l 180 ~w

8

55(5) 13-20

lyen(flw lfU1n~~w LL~~ ~fU~ (2532) ~yenUfilll-J LN~~l-J1J8~~ltl))l-iU 6 ~l-i i)mtJ~n~w~tl TL un~)t1 nwiJ~ 1 ~flii~ w~ I ~tJ~MGl~u1tJ~~ LllA~m 19 u bull

tJ~1l-itJ ~l1u Ll~l-im161~fJ~LL ~~ LYn~ LilJ~ VI~ 41-44

~~l-J~ Yi1~j~~ fl1Yi~ ~61l-J~()41l-i1V1 ll~~ [)i1l-i~ ~~7Cl1~~ (2531) fl LW~

LL ~ ~ [) 1U bull ~ Gl ~Yi 1 U~1 N~ ~ bull l-i ~ ~ lJ a l-i6Yflil-ll-i 1 J ~l-J ~ ~1~ 61 ~ Gl ~ bull 13 VI ~bullbull ~ ~

McDonald P Edwards R A and J F D Greenhalgh (1981)

Animal Nutrition the third edition Longman Inc New

York 479p

Sherman H C and L E Booher (1931) The Calcium Content of

the Body in Relation to that of the Food Journal of BioI

Chern 9393-103

----------------------------------------------------------------

9 I

~~im~O~~n~~~iU~~1~U~l~~~f~~nij~~~O~(Jl~VI 1 J

Oi~i~~1~ 1 [)i~~~jV1 2 Oi~ij~~YI 3

~h~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

- 01 oj- ~~ijn n~i~ Uil ~-lijn n~i~ Uil ~~~~n n~i~ Uil

( n) ( n~) ( lf~) ( n) ( n ~) ( lf~) ( n) (n~) ( n ~)

--------------------------------------------- _ _----------------shy

1 623 69 72 600 65 69 600 65 72

2 613 67 71 661 middot 71 77 605 66 71

3 643 69 74 625 67 71 540 64 68

4 623 67 72 608 66 71 621 68 73

5 626 68 73 625 68 72 618 66 71

6 623 67 71 600 65 70 634 68 74

7 546 64 69 582 65 68 61 5 65 70

8 603 66 71 594 65 69 643 67 73

613 67 72 612 67 71 610 66 72

6

2 nlH)t-ttJ1~

n11~[)11~nltl~W1tJ~l1ULL~~~11~ ~~1~~U~~ 2 Il~~ L~1 LL~~ L~u t(lU

1laquo[) 1 11laquol-J 1nW m~n l 1u (tJ ~l-J 1N 1u~~ ~ 10 tf [) ~~litn~J) LL ~ ~ l tJ~uufh U~l~ n 1u

tltlU1laquo[)ll 3 n~(l LW[)LtJ~UtJL~UtJKu ~[)

21 tJ~ltJ(l

22 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1

23 tJ~ltJ(lN~l-J~1tl1WUdl-J 1 LL~~(lLL~~L~Ul-JW[)~LWltl 15

3 n1L~tJLL~~~U~n~[)l-J~IJ

~~wl~n LL~~~(ltfU1(ltl[)~~nltl~W1UwlVlU LL~~tti~u~nl 20 ~U g~LLmL~l-J Vlln1Vl(l~[)~ ~un~~~_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ L~U~U~Ld~l 180 ~u LL~dUl~[)l-J~l-J1~

IJ

l-Jnl~l-J 2534 - l-Jnl~l-J 2535

1 n1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~lnn1Vl(l~[)~L~U~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~dU[)llVl(l~[)~ 3 ~ltl 1f

Ll~lVl(l~[)~ 180 1u L~r[)_U~(ln1Vl(l~[)~ WtJl1 [51tlln1[)(l1tl1UV[)~~nltl~W1U~l IJ

VlU L~U 100 ~l~nL~~Utf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~L~U~~dU[)ll 3 ~ltl L~U IJ IJ

3071 3094 LL~~ 3123 n~l-J 1U[)ll~ltl~ 1 2 LL~~ 3 ltl1l-J~l~tJ n1 IJ

L~~~L~tJtltltf[)~~nltl~W1tJ~lVlU ~~ 3 ~1tl[)11 ~~~d1l-JLLmn~1~XUVl1~~~~ (PI

gt005) (1tl11~~ 1 LL~~ 2 LL~~ fl1W~ 1 LL~~ 2)

~lnn1~L~1~~ LL~~~tJN~Vlnl20 ~u (m11~~ 3 LL~~ n~~ 1) WtJl1 ltl~[)Gl~Ul1Ld~l 1801u ~Vlln1Vl(l5l[)~ n1L~~~LmtJtltltf1~~nmpoundW1tJ~lVlU1UVln

IJ

7

~ 2 n~~~~~R~~~n~~~U~~1~~~U

~nn~~~~~~~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U ~l~~~~~~~~ 3 ~m ~~l~ ~~~~~ 180 ~U rO~W~~nTm~~~~ rHJi ~mn~~m-ltJv ~~~nm~~u~~1f~~u ~U 100 ~~~~nw~UV~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U~~~~~lUO~ 3 ~m~U 707

714 ~~ 722 n~~ ~W~~~m1~ 1 2 ~~ 3 m~~~~u n~~~aU~~ ~

v~~~nm~~u~~1tf(~~W~~3 ~m~~ 1~i~l~mnG1I~K~~~f1~ (P gt005) r

(~~YI 4 ~~ 5)

~nn~~~~ ~~ ~~N~~n1 20 ~W (m~~ 6 ~~ n~~ 2) ~U1 m~~~~~~l~ 180 ~W ~~~n~~~~~ n~~~aU~mV~~~nm~~U~~1~

~~U u~n~~n~~~~~ 1~~~l~mn~i~KW~i~~~~ (P gt005)

~inni~~~~~~~~~~~~W1~1i~i~i~~~i~~m ~~ U~iU~ u~iUmN~~~

mi~Wl~ 1 ~~ ~~iU~N~~~mi~Wl~ 1 ~~1~~~I~~~~~~m 15 ~U1i

ni ~~~ aU~~v ~~~nm~~iU~~1~~ ~~1~~~W l~~ f~i~TT~~~i~~m~ 1~i1~li~ ullnGn~Ku~~~~ mh~iWu~~~fY (P gt005) t~~1Im1i~i~i~i~~n~~mi~W

U~~~~ U~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~U~~i~U~WU~~iN~~U~~~ ~~~~U~li~~~~ni

~Un~~~mU~mV~~m~~iU~~

~inni~l~i~~~~~iN ~~~~ U~~~~~~~~~ ~W~~iU~ ~U1i i~~

l~~ 574 II ~ ~~~~~~ 7~ 259 (~~~ifnll tX~) II ~ ~ inN~n i~ i ~~f l OWmO in

VO~~~~iU~~ ~~~iN1in~mO~~W~1W~~n~u1~~o~n1ir~~~~ 22 v~~~~~~nMl

(~~~ifn~~) ll~~~laquo~~~~inm~~U~~l~W~~~~~m~~~W~~~lnl~i ll~~n~~~~ti~

~~~N~li~~o~nill~~llu~ ll~~ ~O~~Oyen~ l~~~r~uni~~i~n~~o~~~~~w~~~~ r ~ ~

l~~ l ~i~Jl YI~uKu l 911 ~~~u ni l ~7~ l~u~mv ~~~~~U~~~~ 2 ~lm ~~1~ll~n~i~

Kw ~u~~ 3 ~llO~ ~W~~~l~l 180 ~w

8

55(5) 13-20

lyen(flw lfU1n~~w LL~~ ~fU~ (2532) ~yenUfilll-J LN~~l-J1J8~~ltl))l-iU 6 ~l-i i)mtJ~n~w~tl TL un~)t1 nwiJ~ 1 ~flii~ w~ I ~tJ~MGl~u1tJ~~ LllA~m 19 u bull

tJ~1l-itJ ~l1u Ll~l-im161~fJ~LL ~~ LYn~ LilJ~ VI~ 41-44

~~l-J~ Yi1~j~~ fl1Yi~ ~61l-J~()41l-i1V1 ll~~ [)i1l-i~ ~~7Cl1~~ (2531) fl LW~

LL ~ ~ [) 1U bull ~ Gl ~Yi 1 U~1 N~ ~ bull l-i ~ ~ lJ a l-i6Yflil-ll-i 1 J ~l-J ~ ~1~ 61 ~ Gl ~ bull 13 VI ~bullbull ~ ~

McDonald P Edwards R A and J F D Greenhalgh (1981)

Animal Nutrition the third edition Longman Inc New

York 479p

Sherman H C and L E Booher (1931) The Calcium Content of

the Body in Relation to that of the Food Journal of BioI

Chern 9393-103

----------------------------------------------------------------

9 I

~~im~O~~n~~~iU~~1~U~l~~~f~~nij~~~O~(Jl~VI 1 J

Oi~i~~1~ 1 [)i~~~jV1 2 Oi~ij~~YI 3

~h~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

- 01 oj- ~~ijn n~i~ Uil ~-lijn n~i~ Uil ~~~~n n~i~ Uil

( n) ( n~) ( lf~) ( n) ( n ~) ( lf~) ( n) (n~) ( n ~)

--------------------------------------------- _ _----------------shy

1 623 69 72 600 65 69 600 65 72

2 613 67 71 661 middot 71 77 605 66 71

3 643 69 74 625 67 71 540 64 68

4 623 67 72 608 66 71 621 68 73

5 626 68 73 625 68 72 618 66 71

6 623 67 71 600 65 70 634 68 74

7 546 64 69 582 65 68 61 5 65 70

8 603 66 71 594 65 69 643 67 73

613 67 72 612 67 71 610 66 72

7

~ 2 n~~~~~R~~~n~~~U~~1~~~U

~nn~~~~~~~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U ~l~~~~~~~~ 3 ~m ~~l~ ~~~~~ 180 ~U rO~W~~nTm~~~~ rHJi ~mn~~m-ltJv ~~~nm~~u~~1f~~u ~U 100 ~~~~nw~UV~~~nm~~U~~1~~~U~~~~~lUO~ 3 ~m~U 707

714 ~~ 722 n~~ ~W~~~m1~ 1 2 ~~ 3 m~~~~u n~~~aU~~ ~

v~~~nm~~u~~1tf(~~W~~3 ~m~~ 1~i~l~mnG1I~K~~~f1~ (P gt005) r

(~~YI 4 ~~ 5)

~nn~~~~ ~~ ~~N~~n1 20 ~W (m~~ 6 ~~ n~~ 2) ~U1 m~~~~~~l~ 180 ~W ~~~n~~~~~ n~~~aU~mV~~~nm~~U~~1~

~~U u~n~~n~~~~~ 1~~~l~mn~i~KW~i~~~~ (P gt005)

~inni~~~~~~~~~~~~W1~1i~i~i~~~i~~m ~~ U~iU~ u~iUmN~~~

mi~Wl~ 1 ~~ ~~iU~N~~~mi~Wl~ 1 ~~1~~~I~~~~~~m 15 ~U1i

ni ~~~ aU~~v ~~~nm~~iU~~1~~ ~~1~~~W l~~ f~i~TT~~~i~~m~ 1~i1~li~ ullnGn~Ku~~~~ mh~iWu~~~fY (P gt005) t~~1Im1i~i~i~i~~n~~mi~W

U~~~~ U~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~U~~i~U~WU~~iN~~U~~~ ~~~~U~li~~~~ni

~Un~~~mU~mV~~m~~iU~~

~inni~l~i~~~~~iN ~~~~ U~~~~~~~~~ ~W~~iU~ ~U1i i~~

l~~ 574 II ~ ~~~~~~ 7~ 259 (~~~ifnll tX~) II ~ ~ inN~n i~ i ~~f l OWmO in

VO~~~~iU~~ ~~~iN1in~mO~~W~1W~~n~u1~~o~n1ir~~~~ 22 v~~~~~~nMl

(~~~ifn~~) ll~~~laquo~~~~inm~~U~~l~W~~~~~m~~~W~~~lnl~i ll~~n~~~~ti~

~~~N~li~~o~nill~~llu~ ll~~ ~O~~Oyen~ l~~~r~uni~~i~n~~o~~~~~w~~~~ r ~ ~

l~~ l ~i~Jl YI~uKu l 911 ~~~u ni l ~7~ l~u~mv ~~~~~U~~~~ 2 ~lm ~~1~ll~n~i~

Kw ~u~~ 3 ~llO~ ~W~~~l~l 180 ~w

8

55(5) 13-20

lyen(flw lfU1n~~w LL~~ ~fU~ (2532) ~yenUfilll-J LN~~l-J1J8~~ltl))l-iU 6 ~l-i i)mtJ~n~w~tl TL un~)t1 nwiJ~ 1 ~flii~ w~ I ~tJ~MGl~u1tJ~~ LllA~m 19 u bull

tJ~1l-itJ ~l1u Ll~l-im161~fJ~LL ~~ LYn~ LilJ~ VI~ 41-44

~~l-J~ Yi1~j~~ fl1Yi~ ~61l-J~()41l-i1V1 ll~~ [)i1l-i~ ~~7Cl1~~ (2531) fl LW~

LL ~ ~ [) 1U bull ~ Gl ~Yi 1 U~1 N~ ~ bull l-i ~ ~ lJ a l-i6Yflil-ll-i 1 J ~l-J ~ ~1~ 61 ~ Gl ~ bull 13 VI ~bullbull ~ ~

McDonald P Edwards R A and J F D Greenhalgh (1981)

Animal Nutrition the third edition Longman Inc New

York 479p

Sherman H C and L E Booher (1931) The Calcium Content of

the Body in Relation to that of the Food Journal of BioI

Chern 9393-103

----------------------------------------------------------------

9 I

~~im~O~~n~~~iU~~1~U~l~~~f~~nij~~~O~(Jl~VI 1 J

Oi~i~~1~ 1 [)i~~~jV1 2 Oi~ij~~YI 3

~h~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

- 01 oj- ~~ijn n~i~ Uil ~-lijn n~i~ Uil ~~~~n n~i~ Uil

( n) ( n~) ( lf~) ( n) ( n ~) ( lf~) ( n) (n~) ( n ~)

--------------------------------------------- _ _----------------shy

1 623 69 72 600 65 69 600 65 72

2 613 67 71 661 middot 71 77 605 66 71

3 643 69 74 625 67 71 540 64 68

4 623 67 72 608 66 71 621 68 73

5 626 68 73 625 68 72 618 66 71

6 623 67 71 600 65 70 634 68 74

7 546 64 69 582 65 68 61 5 65 70

8 603 66 71 594 65 69 643 67 73

613 67 72 612 67 71 610 66 72

8

55(5) 13-20

lyen(flw lfU1n~~w LL~~ ~fU~ (2532) ~yenUfilll-J LN~~l-J1J8~~ltl))l-iU 6 ~l-i i)mtJ~n~w~tl TL un~)t1 nwiJ~ 1 ~flii~ w~ I ~tJ~MGl~u1tJ~~ LllA~m 19 u bull

tJ~1l-itJ ~l1u Ll~l-im161~fJ~LL ~~ LYn~ LilJ~ VI~ 41-44

~~l-J~ Yi1~j~~ fl1Yi~ ~61l-J~()41l-i1V1 ll~~ [)i1l-i~ ~~7Cl1~~ (2531) fl LW~

LL ~ ~ [) 1U bull ~ Gl ~Yi 1 U~1 N~ ~ bull l-i ~ ~ lJ a l-i6Yflil-ll-i 1 J ~l-J ~ ~1~ 61 ~ Gl ~ bull 13 VI ~bullbull ~ ~

McDonald P Edwards R A and J F D Greenhalgh (1981)

Animal Nutrition the third edition Longman Inc New

York 479p

Sherman H C and L E Booher (1931) The Calcium Content of

the Body in Relation to that of the Food Journal of BioI

Chern 9393-103

----------------------------------------------------------------

9 I

~~im~O~~n~~~iU~~1~U~l~~~f~~nij~~~O~(Jl~VI 1 J

Oi~i~~1~ 1 [)i~~~jV1 2 Oi~ij~~YI 3

~h~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

- 01 oj- ~~ijn n~i~ Uil ~-lijn n~i~ Uil ~~~~n n~i~ Uil

( n) ( n~) ( lf~) ( n) ( n ~) ( lf~) ( n) (n~) ( n ~)

--------------------------------------------- _ _----------------shy

1 623 69 72 600 65 69 600 65 72

2 613 67 71 661 middot 71 77 605 66 71

3 643 69 74 625 67 71 540 64 68

4 623 67 72 608 66 71 621 68 73

5 626 68 73 625 68 72 618 66 71

6 623 67 71 600 65 70 634 68 74

7 546 64 69 582 65 68 61 5 65 70

8 603 66 71 594 65 69 643 67 73

613 67 72 612 67 71 610 66 72

----------------------------------------------------------------

9 I

~~im~O~~n~~~iU~~1~U~l~~~f~~nij~~~O~(Jl~VI 1 J

Oi~i~~1~ 1 [)i~~~jV1 2 Oi~ij~~YI 3

~h~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

- 01 oj- ~~ijn n~i~ Uil ~-lijn n~i~ Uil ~~~~n n~i~ Uil

( n) ( n~) ( lf~) ( n) ( n ~) ( lf~) ( n) (n~) ( n ~)

--------------------------------------------- _ _----------------shy

1 623 69 72 600 65 69 600 65 72

2 613 67 71 661 middot 71 77 605 66 71

3 643 69 74 625 67 71 540 64 68

4 623 67 72 608 66 71 621 68 73

5 626 68 73 625 68 72 618 66 71

6 623 67 71 600 65 70 634 68 74

7 546 64 69 582 65 68 61 5 65 70

8 603 66 71 594 65 69 643 67 73

613 67 72 612 67 71 610 66 72

----------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------

10

~1I~vr I

2 n 1) L~1l1 Lmut Gl tJ El ~ ~ nGl ~W iu~l1 Y1 U ~L~U~~lUElii 3 ~Gl1

I I I

Elivi~Glt1 1 ilinj~Gl1~ 2 CJi~i~Gl~ 3

~W ---------------------------------------------------------shy

~lvWn n~i~ UiJ ~l~~n n~i~ Ull ~lviln n~i~ Uil

( n) (tI1--l) ( if 1--l) ( n) ( d 1--l ) ( if 1--l) ( n) ( d 1--l ) ( d 1--l)

0 613 67 72 61 2 67 71 600 66 72

20 1079 86 90 1095 86 92 Ill 6 87 91

40 1362 93 99 1371 93 98 1389 94 98

60 1551 99 107 1569 99 107 1583 100 105

80 1756 105 112 1773 106 111 1792 102 11 0

100 1895 105 112 1903 104 112 1931 105 110

120 1972 108 114 1995 108 11 5 2024 109 11 5

140 2125 110 118 2139 109 11 6 2153 109 118

160 2506 116 127 2528 117 126 2549 117 125

180 3071 124 135 3094 122 133 3123 124 135

11

1Jl11~ 3 nljltJ1lJJlY1lJJnljl~1pound1JlmJlmtJf) HJnm~VnJ~l1V1lJ V1l~~~m ~l~lJ~ II

~llJf)l~lj 3 ~mj

1 2 3

0 613a 612 a 610a ns

20 1079a 1095a Ill Ga ns

40 1362a 1371a 13S9a ns

60 1551a 1569a 15S3a ns

SO 1756a 1773a 1792a ns

100 lS95a 1903a 1931a ns

120 1972a 1995a 2024a ns

140 2125a 2139a 2153a ns

160 2506 a 252Sa 2549a ns

180 3071a 3094a 3123a ns

~l-JlJl~m ns = 1~~~lll-JUltln~l~KwVll~~~m (P gt005)

= u m n ~ l ~ KHJtJ l ~~W lJ ~l~pound1J (P lt005) = Umn ml ~ Kw f) ln~~~lJ ~l~1~ ~ (P lt001)

~

~l~WUWltW~l~lJ1XW ~~Glli1mn a b ~1f) c yenl~ltlyenl~~~l~~f)WXW

----------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------

12

jIll~~ I

4 tJ Wl (1tJ Ul ~ n ~H1~ lUxlt ~i ~W~ L~l--Jltt fltt wn l 1Vl (1llu l

ulil1~()1~ 1 ulil~()vr I

2 ulil~()1vr I

3

~h~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

~liun n~ll Ull ~liun n~ll Ull ~Iiun fl ~ - ~ Ul~

( n) (1Il--J) (1Il--J) ( n) ( 11 l--J ) ( 11 l--J) ( n) ( lIl--J) ( lIl--J)

1 102 37 39 80 34 35 88 34 36

2 98 36 38 89 36 36 78 34 34

3 95 36 36 92 36 36 72 34 35

4 87 34 36 95 37 39 98 38 38

5 83 36 37 91 36 38 87 35 36

6 84 34 34 89 37 37 79 35 37

7 92 35 37 79 34 36 71 33 33

8 91 36 36 87 35 36 93 36 38

9 98 36 37 85 35 37 102 38 39

10 95 35 36 94 36 36 97 37 37

11 91 34 36 96 35 35 85 35 36

12 86 34 35 97 36 38 97 36 38

13 91 35 35 101 38 39 99 35 38

14 84 33 35 72 33 35 79 34 34

15 83 34 34 76 34 35 88 35 37

( m u)

----------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------- - ----------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------

13

9lt~ 4 ~~~~~~~nm~~U~~1~~~~~l~~1r1~ni~~~~~ (m~)

I I I

~~j6ll~jYl 1 ~~i~~jYl 2 ~~i~~YI 3

~l~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

~~~~n n~~ tJl ~~~~n n~~ tJl ~~~~n n~~ tJl

(n) (1l~) (1l~) (n) ( 1l~) (1l~) (n) (1l~) (1l~)

16 84 34 35 84 35 35 94 35 37

17 103 37 40 89 36 36 103 38 39

18 97 36 37 87 35 36 105 38 40

19 78 34 36 79 33 35 89 36 37

20 89 36 37 104 40 41 88 36 36

21 98 36 30 89 35 37 94 36 38

22 101 37 39 97 37 38 91 36 36

23 89 35 35 96 37 38 79 34 35

24 99 36 38 89 36 38 85 34 36

25 86 36 37 97 37 37 80 34 35

26 82 36 36 84 33 34 91 35 35

27 86 35 36 89 34 35 89 34 36

28 85 36 37 95 37 37 94 36 38

29 79 34 36 92 35 35 92 35 37

30 94 37 37 84 34 35 87 35 35

I

lw~lI 90 35 37 09 36 37 89 35 37

----------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------

14

911711~ I

5 n l i L ~ 1C1 L~tJl Gl tJ [) Hm Gl ~YntJ~l1 ~Vt 1u ~ L~tJ~~HHJlVtli 3 ~Gli

[)lVtli~GliYl 1 [)lVtli~GliYl 2 [)lVtli~GliYl 3

~u --------------------------------------------- - -----------shy

wlVt~n n~l~ tJlJ wlVt~n n~l~ tJlJ ulVl1-in n~l~ tJlJ

( n) (dl-J) (dl-J) ( n) ( Ol-J) ( Ol-J) ( n) ( Ol-J) ( Ol-J )

---------------------------------------------__----------------shy

0 90 35 37 89 36 37 89 35 37

20 197 44 47 194 44 46 193 44 46

40 231 49 52 224 47 50 231 46 49

60 248 54 57 258 51 55 265 50 54

80 285 54 58 292 51 56 304 52 55

100 355 56 61 358 55 59 369 53 57

120 398 55 63 402 55 64 41 4 52 62

140 463 62 67 472 62 67 484 59 64

160 567 65 71 574 64 69 581 62 68

180 707 70 76 714 68 75 722 65 72

15

91~~ 6 n1ltJitJtJl~tJtJnI1l~7C1l~tJ1lltIpoundl~ilnll~YlIJ~1~~~W Y11~~I1~ ~l~tJ~ II

~ltJpoundlI~11 3 ~ll1

~G11poundl1~11 I

1 2 3

0 90a 89a 89a ns

20 197a 194a 193a ns

40 231 a 224 a 231 a ns

60 248 a 258 a 265a ns

80 285a 292a 304a ns

100 355a 358a 369a ns

120 398a 402a 414 a ns

140 463a 472a 484a ns

160 567a 574 Ci 581Q ns

180 707 a 714 a 722a ns

~l-JltJl~G1 ns = 1~~~11l-JG1n~I~KwY1I~~I1~ (p gt005)

= G1 n~ I~Kwmh~~~tJ~~C1 (p lt005) = G1n~I~Kwpoundl~I~~~tJ~~C1~~ (p lt001)

~

111ltfl~l~tJ1K (1~~hf5mtj at b ~~poundl c ~11 G1~h~ti~ l ~l1poundlW Kw

16

n-lyt~ 1 lll-JllGlmh~it~ h mit~tJ~ (~l~~~) tJtJ~~n(lt~lU~l

(l~~lU~l1~~~ (flu) - (l~~lU~l1~u (tJll)

~ diet type 2

L J diet type 3

17

Weight (g) 80~-----------------------------------------~

diet type 1

60

40

20

o o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Duration (day)

I fil 11 aI filn11W~ 1 nI11~~~I~utmvu~~n~~WIU~~1~u ~1~U~~lUu~1 3 ~m1 ~~~~~~n

~nl 20 )~

18

Weight (g) 350~--------------------------------------~

300

250

200

150

100

50

o

diet type 1

au diet type 2

IJ diettyp e 3

o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Duration (day)

n11~~ ~ nlI~~~I~u1mvu~~nm~~lu~~1~~~~

~i(n Y1n1 20 ~~

• ผลของวตามนรวม และไคลแคลเซยมฟอสเฟต ทมตออตราการเจรญเตบโต และอตราการรอดตายของตะพาบนำไทย และตะพาบนำไตหวน

----------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------

12

jIll~~ I

4 tJ Wl (1tJ Ul ~ n ~H1~ lUxlt ~i ~W~ L~l--Jltt fltt wn l 1Vl (1llu l

ulil1~()1~ 1 ulil~()vr I

2 ulil~()1vr I

3

~h~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

~liun n~ll Ull ~liun n~ll Ull ~Iiun fl ~ - ~ Ul~

( n) (1Il--J) (1Il--J) ( n) ( 11 l--J ) ( 11 l--J) ( n) ( lIl--J) ( lIl--J)

1 102 37 39 80 34 35 88 34 36

2 98 36 38 89 36 36 78 34 34

3 95 36 36 92 36 36 72 34 35

4 87 34 36 95 37 39 98 38 38

5 83 36 37 91 36 38 87 35 36

6 84 34 34 89 37 37 79 35 37

7 92 35 37 79 34 36 71 33 33

8 91 36 36 87 35 36 93 36 38

9 98 36 37 85 35 37 102 38 39

10 95 35 36 94 36 36 97 37 37

11 91 34 36 96 35 35 85 35 36

12 86 34 35 97 36 38 97 36 38

13 91 35 35 101 38 39 99 35 38

14 84 33 35 72 33 35 79 34 34

15 83 34 34 76 34 35 88 35 37

( m u)

----------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------- - ----------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------

13

9lt~ 4 ~~~~~~~nm~~U~~1~~~~~l~~1r1~ni~~~~~ (m~)

I I I

~~j6ll~jYl 1 ~~i~~jYl 2 ~~i~~YI 3

~l~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

~~~~n n~~ tJl ~~~~n n~~ tJl ~~~~n n~~ tJl

(n) (1l~) (1l~) (n) ( 1l~) (1l~) (n) (1l~) (1l~)

16 84 34 35 84 35 35 94 35 37

17 103 37 40 89 36 36 103 38 39

18 97 36 37 87 35 36 105 38 40

19 78 34 36 79 33 35 89 36 37

20 89 36 37 104 40 41 88 36 36

21 98 36 30 89 35 37 94 36 38

22 101 37 39 97 37 38 91 36 36

23 89 35 35 96 37 38 79 34 35

24 99 36 38 89 36 38 85 34 36

25 86 36 37 97 37 37 80 34 35

26 82 36 36 84 33 34 91 35 35

27 86 35 36 89 34 35 89 34 36

28 85 36 37 95 37 37 94 36 38

29 79 34 36 92 35 35 92 35 37

30 94 37 37 84 34 35 87 35 35

I

lw~lI 90 35 37 09 36 37 89 35 37

----------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------

14

911711~ I

5 n l i L ~ 1C1 L~tJl Gl tJ [) Hm Gl ~YntJ~l1 ~Vt 1u ~ L~tJ~~HHJlVtli 3 ~Gli

[)lVtli~GliYl 1 [)lVtli~GliYl 2 [)lVtli~GliYl 3

~u --------------------------------------------- - -----------shy

wlVt~n n~l~ tJlJ wlVt~n n~l~ tJlJ ulVl1-in n~l~ tJlJ

( n) (dl-J) (dl-J) ( n) ( Ol-J) ( Ol-J) ( n) ( Ol-J) ( Ol-J )

---------------------------------------------__----------------shy

0 90 35 37 89 36 37 89 35 37

20 197 44 47 194 44 46 193 44 46

40 231 49 52 224 47 50 231 46 49

60 248 54 57 258 51 55 265 50 54

80 285 54 58 292 51 56 304 52 55

100 355 56 61 358 55 59 369 53 57

120 398 55 63 402 55 64 41 4 52 62

140 463 62 67 472 62 67 484 59 64

160 567 65 71 574 64 69 581 62 68

180 707 70 76 714 68 75 722 65 72

15

91~~ 6 n1ltJitJtJl~tJtJnI1l~7C1l~tJ1lltIpoundl~ilnll~YlIJ~1~~~W Y11~~I1~ ~l~tJ~ II

~ltJpoundlI~11 3 ~ll1

~G11poundl1~11 I

1 2 3

0 90a 89a 89a ns

20 197a 194a 193a ns

40 231 a 224 a 231 a ns

60 248 a 258 a 265a ns

80 285a 292a 304a ns

100 355a 358a 369a ns

120 398a 402a 414 a ns

140 463a 472a 484a ns

160 567a 574 Ci 581Q ns

180 707 a 714 a 722a ns

~l-JltJl~G1 ns = 1~~~11l-JG1n~I~KwY1I~~I1~ (p gt005)

= G1 n~ I~Kwmh~~~tJ~~C1 (p lt005) = G1n~I~Kwpoundl~I~~~tJ~~C1~~ (p lt001)

~

111ltfl~l~tJ1K (1~~hf5mtj at b ~~poundl c ~11 G1~h~ti~ l ~l1poundlW Kw

16

n-lyt~ 1 lll-JllGlmh~it~ h mit~tJ~ (~l~~~) tJtJ~~n(lt~lU~l

(l~~lU~l1~~~ (flu) - (l~~lU~l1~u (tJll)

~ diet type 2

L J diet type 3

17

Weight (g) 80~-----------------------------------------~

diet type 1

60

40

20

o o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Duration (day)

I fil 11 aI filn11W~ 1 nI11~~~I~utmvu~~n~~WIU~~1~u ~1~U~~lUu~1 3 ~m1 ~~~~~~n

~nl 20 )~

18

Weight (g) 350~--------------------------------------~

300

250

200

150

100

50

o

diet type 1

au diet type 2

IJ diettyp e 3

o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Duration (day)

n11~~ ~ nlI~~~I~u1mvu~~nm~~lu~~1~~~~

~i(n Y1n1 20 ~~

• ผลของวตามนรวม และไคลแคลเซยมฟอสเฟต ทมตออตราการเจรญเตบโต และอตราการรอดตายของตะพาบนำไทย และตะพาบนำไตหวน

----------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------- - ----------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------

13

9lt~ 4 ~~~~~~~nm~~U~~1~~~~~l~~1r1~ni~~~~~ (m~)

I I I

~~j6ll~jYl 1 ~~i~~jYl 2 ~~i~~YI 3

~l~ ---------------------------------------------------------shy

~~~~n n~~ tJl ~~~~n n~~ tJl ~~~~n n~~ tJl

(n) (1l~) (1l~) (n) ( 1l~) (1l~) (n) (1l~) (1l~)

16 84 34 35 84 35 35 94 35 37

17 103 37 40 89 36 36 103 38 39

18 97 36 37 87 35 36 105 38 40

19 78 34 36 79 33 35 89 36 37

20 89 36 37 104 40 41 88 36 36

21 98 36 30 89 35 37 94 36 38

22 101 37 39 97 37 38 91 36 36

23 89 35 35 96 37 38 79 34 35

24 99 36 38 89 36 38 85 34 36

25 86 36 37 97 37 37 80 34 35

26 82 36 36 84 33 34 91 35 35

27 86 35 36 89 34 35 89 34 36

28 85 36 37 95 37 37 94 36 38

29 79 34 36 92 35 35 92 35 37

30 94 37 37 84 34 35 87 35 35

I

lw~lI 90 35 37 09 36 37 89 35 37

----------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------

14

911711~ I

5 n l i L ~ 1C1 L~tJl Gl tJ [) Hm Gl ~YntJ~l1 ~Vt 1u ~ L~tJ~~HHJlVtli 3 ~Gli

[)lVtli~GliYl 1 [)lVtli~GliYl 2 [)lVtli~GliYl 3

~u --------------------------------------------- - -----------shy

wlVt~n n~l~ tJlJ wlVt~n n~l~ tJlJ ulVl1-in n~l~ tJlJ

( n) (dl-J) (dl-J) ( n) ( Ol-J) ( Ol-J) ( n) ( Ol-J) ( Ol-J )

---------------------------------------------__----------------shy

0 90 35 37 89 36 37 89 35 37

20 197 44 47 194 44 46 193 44 46

40 231 49 52 224 47 50 231 46 49

60 248 54 57 258 51 55 265 50 54

80 285 54 58 292 51 56 304 52 55

100 355 56 61 358 55 59 369 53 57

120 398 55 63 402 55 64 41 4 52 62

140 463 62 67 472 62 67 484 59 64

160 567 65 71 574 64 69 581 62 68

180 707 70 76 714 68 75 722 65 72

15

91~~ 6 n1ltJitJtJl~tJtJnI1l~7C1l~tJ1lltIpoundl~ilnll~YlIJ~1~~~W Y11~~I1~ ~l~tJ~ II

~ltJpoundlI~11 3 ~ll1

~G11poundl1~11 I

1 2 3

0 90a 89a 89a ns

20 197a 194a 193a ns

40 231 a 224 a 231 a ns

60 248 a 258 a 265a ns

80 285a 292a 304a ns

100 355a 358a 369a ns

120 398a 402a 414 a ns

140 463a 472a 484a ns

160 567a 574 Ci 581Q ns

180 707 a 714 a 722a ns

~l-JltJl~G1 ns = 1~~~11l-JG1n~I~KwY1I~~I1~ (p gt005)

= G1 n~ I~Kwmh~~~tJ~~C1 (p lt005) = G1n~I~Kwpoundl~I~~~tJ~~C1~~ (p lt001)

~

111ltfl~l~tJ1K (1~~hf5mtj at b ~~poundl c ~11 G1~h~ti~ l ~l1poundlW Kw

16

n-lyt~ 1 lll-JllGlmh~it~ h mit~tJ~ (~l~~~) tJtJ~~n(lt~lU~l

(l~~lU~l1~~~ (flu) - (l~~lU~l1~u (tJll)

~ diet type 2

L J diet type 3

17

Weight (g) 80~-----------------------------------------~

diet type 1

60

40

20

o o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Duration (day)

I fil 11 aI filn11W~ 1 nI11~~~I~utmvu~~n~~WIU~~1~u ~1~U~~lUu~1 3 ~m1 ~~~~~~n

~nl 20 )~

18

Weight (g) 350~--------------------------------------~

300

250

200

150

100

50

o

diet type 1

au diet type 2

IJ diettyp e 3

o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Duration (day)

n11~~ ~ nlI~~~I~u1mvu~~nm~~lu~~1~~~~

~i(n Y1n1 20 ~~

• ผลของวตามนรวม และไคลแคลเซยมฟอสเฟต ทมตออตราการเจรญเตบโต และอตราการรอดตายของตะพาบนำไทย และตะพาบนำไตหวน

----------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------

14

911711~ I

5 n l i L ~ 1C1 L~tJl Gl tJ [) Hm Gl ~YntJ~l1 ~Vt 1u ~ L~tJ~~HHJlVtli 3 ~Gli

[)lVtli~GliYl 1 [)lVtli~GliYl 2 [)lVtli~GliYl 3

~u --------------------------------------------- - -----------shy

wlVt~n n~l~ tJlJ wlVt~n n~l~ tJlJ ulVl1-in n~l~ tJlJ

( n) (dl-J) (dl-J) ( n) ( Ol-J) ( Ol-J) ( n) ( Ol-J) ( Ol-J )

---------------------------------------------__----------------shy

0 90 35 37 89 36 37 89 35 37

20 197 44 47 194 44 46 193 44 46

40 231 49 52 224 47 50 231 46 49

60 248 54 57 258 51 55 265 50 54

80 285 54 58 292 51 56 304 52 55

100 355 56 61 358 55 59 369 53 57

120 398 55 63 402 55 64 41 4 52 62

140 463 62 67 472 62 67 484 59 64

160 567 65 71 574 64 69 581 62 68

180 707 70 76 714 68 75 722 65 72

15

91~~ 6 n1ltJitJtJl~tJtJnI1l~7C1l~tJ1lltIpoundl~ilnll~YlIJ~1~~~W Y11~~I1~ ~l~tJ~ II

~ltJpoundlI~11 3 ~ll1

~G11poundl1~11 I

1 2 3

0 90a 89a 89a ns

20 197a 194a 193a ns

40 231 a 224 a 231 a ns

60 248 a 258 a 265a ns

80 285a 292a 304a ns

100 355a 358a 369a ns

120 398a 402a 414 a ns

140 463a 472a 484a ns

160 567a 574 Ci 581Q ns

180 707 a 714 a 722a ns

~l-JltJl~G1 ns = 1~~~11l-JG1n~I~KwY1I~~I1~ (p gt005)

= G1 n~ I~Kwmh~~~tJ~~C1 (p lt005) = G1n~I~Kwpoundl~I~~~tJ~~C1~~ (p lt001)

~

111ltfl~l~tJ1K (1~~hf5mtj at b ~~poundl c ~11 G1~h~ti~ l ~l1poundlW Kw

16

n-lyt~ 1 lll-JllGlmh~it~ h mit~tJ~ (~l~~~) tJtJ~~n(lt~lU~l

(l~~lU~l1~~~ (flu) - (l~~lU~l1~u (tJll)

~ diet type 2

L J diet type 3

17

Weight (g) 80~-----------------------------------------~

diet type 1

60

40

20

o o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Duration (day)

I fil 11 aI filn11W~ 1 nI11~~~I~utmvu~~n~~WIU~~1~u ~1~U~~lUu~1 3 ~m1 ~~~~~~n

~nl 20 )~

18

Weight (g) 350~--------------------------------------~

300

250

200

150

100

50

o

diet type 1

au diet type 2

IJ diettyp e 3

o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Duration (day)

n11~~ ~ nlI~~~I~u1mvu~~nm~~lu~~1~~~~

~i(n Y1n1 20 ~~

• ผลของวตามนรวม และไคลแคลเซยมฟอสเฟต ทมตออตราการเจรญเตบโต และอตราการรอดตายของตะพาบนำไทย และตะพาบนำไตหวน

15

91~~ 6 n1ltJitJtJl~tJtJnI1l~7C1l~tJ1lltIpoundl~ilnll~YlIJ~1~~~W Y11~~I1~ ~l~tJ~ II

~ltJpoundlI~11 3 ~ll1

~G11poundl1~11 I

1 2 3

0 90a 89a 89a ns

20 197a 194a 193a ns

40 231 a 224 a 231 a ns

60 248 a 258 a 265a ns

80 285a 292a 304a ns

100 355a 358a 369a ns

120 398a 402a 414 a ns

140 463a 472a 484a ns

160 567a 574 Ci 581Q ns

180 707 a 714 a 722a ns

~l-JltJl~G1 ns = 1~~~11l-JG1n~I~KwY1I~~I1~ (p gt005)

= G1 n~ I~Kwmh~~~tJ~~C1 (p lt005) = G1n~I~Kwpoundl~I~~~tJ~~C1~~ (p lt001)

~

111ltfl~l~tJ1K (1~~hf5mtj at b ~~poundl c ~11 G1~h~ti~ l ~l1poundlW Kw

16

n-lyt~ 1 lll-JllGlmh~it~ h mit~tJ~ (~l~~~) tJtJ~~n(lt~lU~l

(l~~lU~l1~~~ (flu) - (l~~lU~l1~u (tJll)

~ diet type 2

L J diet type 3

17

Weight (g) 80~-----------------------------------------~

diet type 1

60

40

20

o o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Duration (day)

I fil 11 aI filn11W~ 1 nI11~~~I~utmvu~~n~~WIU~~1~u ~1~U~~lUu~1 3 ~m1 ~~~~~~n

~nl 20 )~

18

Weight (g) 350~--------------------------------------~

300

250

200

150

100

50

o

diet type 1

au diet type 2

IJ diettyp e 3

o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Duration (day)

n11~~ ~ nlI~~~I~u1mvu~~nm~~lu~~1~~~~

~i(n Y1n1 20 ~~

• ผลของวตามนรวม และไคลแคลเซยมฟอสเฟต ทมตออตราการเจรญเตบโต และอตราการรอดตายของตะพาบนำไทย และตะพาบนำไตหวน

16

n-lyt~ 1 lll-JllGlmh~it~ h mit~tJ~ (~l~~~) tJtJ~~n(lt~lU~l

(l~~lU~l1~~~ (flu) - (l~~lU~l1~u (tJll)

~ diet type 2

L J diet type 3

17

Weight (g) 80~-----------------------------------------~

diet type 1

60

40

20

o o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Duration (day)

I fil 11 aI filn11W~ 1 nI11~~~I~utmvu~~n~~WIU~~1~u ~1~U~~lUu~1 3 ~m1 ~~~~~~n

~nl 20 )~

18

Weight (g) 350~--------------------------------------~

300

250

200

150

100

50

o

diet type 1

au diet type 2

IJ diettyp e 3

o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Duration (day)

n11~~ ~ nlI~~~I~u1mvu~~nm~~lu~~1~~~~

~i(n Y1n1 20 ~~

• ผลของวตามนรวม และไคลแคลเซยมฟอสเฟต ทมตออตราการเจรญเตบโต และอตราการรอดตายของตะพาบนำไทย และตะพาบนำไตหวน

~ diet type 2

L J diet type 3

17

Weight (g) 80~-----------------------------------------~

diet type 1

60

40

20

o o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Duration (day)

I fil 11 aI filn11W~ 1 nI11~~~I~utmvu~~n~~WIU~~1~u ~1~U~~lUu~1 3 ~m1 ~~~~~~n

~nl 20 )~

18

Weight (g) 350~--------------------------------------~

300

250

200

150

100

50

o

diet type 1

au diet type 2

IJ diettyp e 3

o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Duration (day)

n11~~ ~ nlI~~~I~u1mvu~~nm~~lu~~1~~~~

~i(n Y1n1 20 ~~

• ผลของวตามนรวม และไคลแคลเซยมฟอสเฟต ทมตออตราการเจรญเตบโต และอตราการรอดตายของตะพาบนำไทย และตะพาบนำไตหวน

18

Weight (g) 350~--------------------------------------~

300

250

200

150

100

50

o

diet type 1

au diet type 2

IJ diettyp e 3

o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Duration (day)

n11~~ ~ nlI~~~I~u1mvu~~nm~~lu~~1~~~~

~i(n Y1n1 20 ~~

• ผลของวตามนรวม และไคลแคลเซยมฟอสเฟต ทมตออตราการเจรญเตบโต และอตราการรอดตายของตะพาบนำไทย และตะพาบนำไตหวน