Technical Committee on Electrical Systems (HEA-ELS) · Technical Committee on Electrical Systems...

Technical Committee on Electrical Systems

(HEA-ELS)

M E M O R A N D U M

DATE: July 17, 2015

TO: Principal and Alternate Members of the Technical Committee on Electrical

Systems (HEA-ELS)

FROM: Jon Hart, Fire Protection Engineer/NFPA Staff Liaison

SUBJECT: AGENDA PACKAGE– NFPA 99 First Draft Meeting (A2017)

________________________________________________________________________

Enclosed is the agenda for the NFPA 99 First Draft meeting of the Technical Committee on

Electrical Systems, which will be held on Monday, August 3, and Tuesday, August 4, 2015 at

the Sheraton Inner Harbor Hotel, in Baltimore, MD. Please review the attached Public Inputs

in advance, and if you have alternate suggestions, please come prepared with proposed language

and respective substantiation.

If you have any questions prior to the meeting, please do not hesitate to contact me at:

Office: (617) 984-7470

Email: [email protected]

For administrative questions, please contact Elena Carroll at (617) 984-7952.

I look forward to working with everyone.

mailto:[email protected]

Table of Contents

Part 1 – Meeting Agenda

Part 2 – Committee Roster

Part 3 – Committee Distribution

Part 4 – Previous Meeting Minutes

Part 5 – Sample Meeting Motions

Part 6 – Public Inputs

1


(HEA-ELS) NFPA 99 First Draft Meeting (Annual 2017)

Monday, August 3, 2015 - Tuesday, August 4, 2015

Sheraton Inner Harbor Hotel 300 S. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21201

AGENDA

Monday, August 3, 2015 – Tuesday, August 4, 2015

1. Call to Order – 8:00 am (8/3)

2. Introductions and Attendance

3. Chairman Comments

4. Approval of Previous Meeting Minutes

5. Staff Liaison Presentation on NFPA Revision Process and A2017 Cycle

6. Preparation of the First Draft

Review Public Inputs

Create First Revisions

7. New Business

8. Discuss dates for the TC Second Draft Meeting (Between 5/16 and 7/25, 2016)

9. Adjournment – (8/4)

Please submit requests for additional agenda items to the chair and staff liaison at least

seven days prior to the meeting.

Please notify the chair and staff liaison as soon as possible if you plan to introduce any new

material not submitted through Public Input at the meeting.


(HEA-ELS) NFPA 99 First Draft Meeting (Annual 2017)

Monday, August 3, 2015 - Tuesday, August 4, 2015

Sheraton Inner Harbor Hotel 300 S. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21201

Key Dates for the Annual 2017 Revision Cycle

Public Input Closing Date July 6, 2015

Final Date for First Draft Meeting September 14,

2015

Ballots Mailed to TC before October 26, 2015

Ballots Returned By November 16, 2015

Correlating Committee First Draft Meeting December 15, 2015

Final First Draft Posted March 7, 2016

Public Comment Closing Date May 16, 2016

Final Date for Second Draft Meeting July 25, 2016

Correlating Committee Second Draft Meeting by November 21, 2016

Final Second Draft Posted January 16, 2017

Closing Date for Notice of Intent to Make a Motion

(NITMAM) February 20, 2017

Issuance of Consent Document (No NITMAMs) May 12, 2017

NFPA Annual Meeting (Boston) June 2017

Issuance of Document with NITMAM August 10, 2017

Technical Committee deadlines are in bold.

Technical Committee Roster

2

Address List No PhoneElectrical Systems HEA-ELS

Health Care Facilities

Jonathan Hart07/13/2015

HEA-ELS

Jason D'Antona

ChairThompson Consultants, Inc.525 Mill StreetMarion, MA 02738

SE 1/14/2005HEA-ELS

Steven J. Barker

PrincipalUniversity of ArizonaCOM/Department of Anesthesiology1501 North Campbell AvenuePO Box 245114Tucson, AZ 85724-5114American Society of AnesthesiologistsAlternate: Robert G. Loeb

C 8/9/2011

HEA-ELS

Nancy W. Chilton

PrincipalSchneider Electric8001 Knightdale BoulevardKnightdale, NC 27545Alternate: Chad Kennedy

M 7/14/2004HEA-ELS

Dan Chisholm, Jr.

PrincipalMGI Systems, Inc.412 Page StreetOrlando, FL 32806Alternate: Dan Chisholm, Sr.

IM 7/14/2004

HEA-ELS

James H. Costley, Jr.

PrincipalNewcomb & Boyd303 Peachtree Center Ave. NE, Suite 525Atlanta, GA 30303-1277NFPA Health Care SectionAlternate: H. David Chandler

SE 10/6/2000HEA-ELS

David A. Dagenais

PrincipalWentworth-Douglass Hospital789 Central AvenueDover, NH 03820

U 1/25/2007

HEA-ELS

Daniel T. DeHanes

PrincipalAscom Wireless SolutionsPatient Systems US9024 Town Center Parkway, Suite 100Lakewood Ranch, FL 34202National Electrical Manufacturers AssociationAlternate: Michael S. Goodheart

M 10/18/2011HEA-ELS

Jan Ehrenwerth

PrincipalYale UniversitySchool of Medicine4 Randi DriveMadison, CT 06443

C 1/10/2008

HEA-ELS

Chris M. Finen

PrincipalEaton Electrical Corporation601 Grassmere Park Drive, Suite 17Nashville, TN 37211Alternate: Edward Treveiler

M 10/27/2005HEA-ELS

William T. Fiske

PrincipalIntertek Testing Services3933 US Route 11 SouthCortland, NY 13045-9715National Electrical Code Correlating Committee

RT 3/1/2011

HEA-ELS

Pamela Gwynn

PrincipalUL LLC12 Laboratory DriveResearch Trianlge Park, NC 27709

RT 04/08/2015HEA-ELS

Don W. Jhonson

PrincipalInterior Electric, Inc.5635 SW 164 TerraceSouth West Ranches, FL 33331National Electrical Contractors Association

IM 8/2/2010

13




HEA-ELS

Burton R. Klein

PrincipalBurton Klein Associates29 Gray Birch Terrace, Suite 1Newton, MA 02460-1829

SE 7/14/2004HEA-ELS

Gary J. Krupa

PrincipalUS Department of Veterans AffairsOffice of Healthcare Engineering4101 Woolworth AvenueOmaha, NE 68157

U 3/1/2011

HEA-ELS

Stephen M. Lipster

PrincipalThe Electrical Trades Center947 Goodale BoulevardColumbus, OH 43212International Brotherhood of Electrical WorkersAlternate: Gary A. Beckstrand

L 1/10/2008HEA-ELS

Dale Martinson

PrincipalVia Christi Health System5925 West 35th Street SouthWichita, KS 67215

U 03/07/2013

HEA-ELS

Terrance L. McKinch

PrincipalSlifko Electric, LLC3278 South Duffield RoadLennon, MI 48449-9407

IM 03/03/2014HEA-ELS

James E. Meade

PrincipalUS Army Corps of EngineersMedical Facility Center of Expertise & StandardizationPO Box 259Fulton, MD 20759Alternate: Gary A. Spivey

U 4/28/2000

HEA-ELS

Hugh O. Nash, Jr.

PrincipalNash-Consult964 General George Patton RoadNashville, TN 37221Alternate: Bogue M. Waller

SE 1/1/1988HEA-ELS

Thomas J. Parrish

PrincipalTelgian Corporation15771 W-M36Pinckney, MI 48169-9717

SE 03/07/2013

HEA-ELS

John W. Peterson

PrincipalUtility Service CorporationPO Box 1471Huntsville, AL 35807InterNational Electrical Testing Association

IM 1/10/2008HEA-ELS

Vincent M. Rea

PrincipalTLC Engineering for Architecture255 South Orange Avenue, Suite 1600Orlando, FL 32801

SE 10/4/2007

HEA-ELS

Brian E. Rock

PrincipalHubbell IncorporatedWiring Device-Kellems Division40 Waterview DriveShelton, CT 06484-4300

M 04/08/2015HEA-ELS

Christopher M. Romano

PrincipalNew York State Department of Health17 Hoover LaneBethpage, NY 11714-4804

E 04/08/2015

HEA-ELS

Steven R. Sappington

PrincipalCaterpillar Inc.175 Cutstone CourtFayetteville, GA 30215-6206

M 04/08/2015

24




HEA-ELS

Ronald M. Smidt

PrincipalCarolinas HealthCare SystemPO Box 901Troutman, NC 28166American Society for Healthcare EngineeringAlternate: Chad E. Beebe

U 1/1/1991HEA-ELS

Walter N. Vernon, IV

PrincipalMazzetti220 Montgomery Street, Suite 650San Francisco, CA 94104-3402

SE 1/1/1992

HEA-ELS

Leonard W. White

PrincipalStanford White Associates Consulting Engineers, Inc.PO Box 19944Raleigh, NC 27619

SE 1/25/2007HEA-ELS

Herbert V. Whittall

PrincipalElectrical Generating Systems Association19 Park AvenueVero Beach, FL 32960Electrical Generating Systems AssociationAlternate: Herbert H. Daugherty

M 4/5/2001

HEA-ELS

Gary A. Beckstrand

AlternateUtah Electrical JATC1737 East 2100 SouthSalt Lake City, UT 84106International Brotherhood of Electrical WorkersPrincipal: Stephen M. Lipster

L 3/1/2011HEA-ELS

Chad E. Beebe

AlternateASHE - AHAPO Box 5756Lacey, WA 98509-5756American Society for Healthcare EngineeringPrincipal: Ronald M. Smidt

U 03/05/2012

HEA-ELS

H. David Chandler

AlternateNewcomb & Boyd303 Peachtree Center Avenue, NESuite 525Atlanta, GA 30303-1277NFPA Health Care SectionPrincipal: James H. Costley, Jr.

SE 10/29/2012HEA-ELS

Dan Chisholm, Sr.

AlternateMGI Systems, Inc.PO Box 2474Winter Park, FL 32790-2474Principal: Dan Chisholm, Jr.

IM 10/10/1997

HEA-ELS

Herbert H. Daugherty

AlternateElectric Generating Systems Association6720 Ringold StreetMelbourne, FL 32940Electrical Generating Systems AssociationPrincipal: Herbert V. Whittall

M 1/12/2000HEA-ELS

Michael S. Goodheart

AlternateAscom (US)9024 Town Center Parkway, Suite 100Lakewood Ranch, FL 34202National Electrical Manufacturers AssociationPrincipal: Daniel T. DeHanes

M 10/29/2012

HEA-ELS

Chad Kennedy

AlternateSchneider Electric8821 Garners Ferry RoadHopkins, SC 29061-8626Principal: Nancy W. Chilton

M 10/29/2012HEA-ELS

Robert G. Loeb

AlternateUniversity of ArizonaDepartment of Anesthesiology1501 North Campbell Ave., Room 5301PO Box 245114Tucson, AZ 85724-5114American Society of AnesthesiologistsPrincipal: Steven J. Barker

C 8/9/2011

35




HEA-ELS

Gary A. Spivey

AlternateUS Army Corps of EngineersMedical Facility Center of Expertise & Standardization8504 Wild Spruce DriveSpringfield, VA 22153Principal: James E. Meade

U 03/07/2013HEA-ELS

Edward Treveiler

AlternateEaton Corporation14120 Ballantyne Corporate PlaceSuite 550Charlotte, NC 28277-2849Principal: Chris M. Finen

M 03/03/2014

HEA-ELS

Bogue M. Waller

AlternateGresham Smith & Partners1400 Nashville City Center511 Union Street, Suite 1400Nashville, TN 37219Principal: Hugh O. Nash, Jr.

SE 10/23/2013HEA-ELS

Jonathan Hart

Staff LiaisonNational Fire Protection Association1 Batterymarch ParkQuincy, MA 02169-7471

3/1/2012

46

Technical Committee

Distribution

7

Monday 7 13, Monday

Electrical SystemsHEA-ELSName Representation Class Office

Distribution by %

Company

Steven J. Barker University of Arizona ASA C Principal

Jan Ehrenwerth Yale University C Principal

2Voting Number Percent 7%

Christopher M. Romano New York State Department of Health E Principal


Dan Chisholm, Jr. MGI Systems, Inc. IM Principal

Don W. Jhonson Interior Electric, Inc. NECA IM Principal

Terrance L. McKinch Slifko Electric, LLC IM Principal

John W. Peterson Utility Service Corporation NETA IM Principal


Stephen M. Lipster The Electrical Trades Center IBEW L Principal


Nancy W. Chilton Schneider Electric M Principal

Daniel T. DeHanes Ascom Wireless Solutions NEMA M Principal

Chris M. Finen Eaton Electrical Corporation M Principal

Brian E. Rock Hubbell Incorporated M Principal

Steven R. Sappington Caterpillar Inc. M Principal

Herbert V. Whittall Electrical Generating SystemsAssociation

EGSA M Principal


William T. Fiske Intertek Testing Services NEC-AAC RT Principal

Pamela Gwynn UL LLC UL RT Principal


Jason D'Antona Thompson Consultants, Inc. SE Chair

James H. Costley, Jr. Newcomb & Boyd NFPA/HCS SE Principal

Burton R. Klein Burton Klein Associates SE Principal

Hugh O. Nash, Jr. Nash-Consult SE Principal

8

Monday 7 13, Monday

Electrical SystemsHEA-ELSName Representation Class Office

Distribution by %

Company

Thomas J. Parrish Telgian Corporation TELGIAN SE Principal

Vincent M. Rea TLC Engineering for Architecture SE Principal

Walter N. Vernon, IV Mazzetti SE Principal

Leonard W. White Stanford White Associates ConsultingEngineers, Inc.

SE Principal


David A. Dagenais Wentworth-Douglass Hospital U Principal

Gary J. Krupa US Department of Veterans Affairs USVA U Principal

Dale Martinson Via Christi Health System U Principal

James E. Meade US Army Corps of Engineers U Principal

Ronald M. Smidt Carolinas HealthCare System ASHE U Principal


29Total Voting Number

9

Previous Meeting Minutes

10

MINUTES NFPA Technical Committee on Electrical Systems (HEA-ELS)

May 21, 2013 Second Draft Meeting

Downtown Marriott at the Convention Center – New Orleans, LA

1. Call to Order. The meeting was called to order at 8:00 am (Central) on Tuesday, May 21, 2013 by Committee Chair, Walter Vernon.

2. Attendance and Introductions: Attendance was taken and those present at the meeting introduced themselves and stated who they represent on the committee. Those who were present at the meeting are listed below:

Name Representing

Vernon, Walter‐Chair Mazzetti

Chilton, Nancy – Principal Square D Company/Schneider Electric

Costley, James ‐ Principal NFPA Health Care Section

D’Antona, Jason – Principal Thompson Consultants, Inc.

Dagenais, David – Principal Wentworth‐Douglass Hospital

Daugherty, Herbert – Principal Electrical Generating Systems Association

DeHanes, Daniel ‐ Principal National Electrical Manufacturers Association

Ehrenwerth, Jan – Principal (Web) Yale University

Finen, Chris –Principal Eaton Electrical Services

Fiske, William – Principal (Web) NEC Correlating Committee

Krupa, Gary – Principal US Department of Veterans Affairs

Lipster, Stephen ‐ Principal International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers

Martinson, Dale – Principal Via Christi Health Systems

Meade, James – Principal US Army Corps of Engineers

Murnane, Joseph – Principal Underwriters Laboratories Inc.

Nash, Hugh – Principal (web) Nash‐Consult

Parrish, Tom – Principal Telgian Corporation

Peterson, John – Pricipal InterNational Electrical Testing Association

11

Rea, Vincent – Principal TLC Engineering for Architecture

Savage, Michael – Principal (web) Middle Department Inspection Agency, Inc.

Smidt, Ronald – Principal (web) American Society for Healthcare Engineering

Beckstrand, Gary ‐ Alternate International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers

Beebe, Chad – Alternate American Society for Healthcare Engineering

Chandler, H. David – Alternate NFPA Health Care Section

Chisholm, Dan – Alternate MGI Systems, Inc.

Kennedy, Chad – Alternate Schneider Electric

Whittall, Herbert – Alternate Electrical Generating Systems Association

Hart, Jonathan – Staff Liaison NFPA

Bielen, Richard – NFPA Staff NFPA

Guynn, Pamela – Guest UL

3. Chairman Comments: Walter Vernon spoke to the agenda for the meeting and provided opening comments.

4. Minutes Approval: The minutes of the HEA-ELS August 13-14, 2012 First Draft Meeting were approved as distributed in the Agenda Package.

5. Staff Liaison Presentation: Jon Hart gave the staff presentation for the meeting which included general meeting procedures and a review of the Annual 2014 revision cycle.

6. Development of First Draft: The committee reviewed all public comments (PC) and resolved them by either taking an action on each, and providing a committee statement or by creating a second revision (SR) based on the PC. Several Correlating Notes were also addressed. Other Second Revisions were created. See the Second Draft and Second Draft report for the official committee actions.

12

7. New Business: Task Groups: -A Task Group will be formed to look at the implications of Medium Voltage systems and how the document can be modified to include them. Chair: Jason D'Antona. Members: Chris Finen, Vince, John Peterson, Herb Daugherty, Jim Meade, Dan Dehanes, David Chandler, Walt Vernon -A Task Group will be formed to look at renumbering the document to make it less cumbersome, with less levels. Chair: Chris Finen. No volunteers to help, at this point. Research and Development Ideas suggested: -Look at need for selective coordination. Are there breakers tripping all over the place? What harm are we seeing as a result? What other implications are there for this requirement? (Walt V.) -How do hospital systems fail during natural disasters (Sandy, Katrina, Tornados). What additional protections do we need to consider as part of facility hardening? Someone said the Fire Protection Research Foundation is currently doing research on this topic, and we should contact them and see what they are doing and how we could help. (Walt V.) -Health care is increasingly being moved to the home. One lesson of Katrina is that problems like Sandy create, as a result, tremendous health impacts. What do we need to be doing about that? (Walt V.) - Someone said John Hall (NFPA) had data on fires in healthcare facilities. It was suggested that we study this data to see what implications there are for whether we need additional, or lesser protections (this was in context of the 2-hour versus 1-hour thing for life safety feeders).

8. Meeting Adjourned: The meeting was adjourned at 3:00 pm on May 21, 2013.

13

Sample Motions for

First Draft Meeting

14

NEW PROCESS ACTIONS AND MOTIONS

Possible Action #1: Resolve PI (no change to section)

Action Required Sample motion

Make a statement to resolve a PI I move to resolve PI # with the following

statement . . .

Possible action #2: Create First Revision (make a change to a section)

Action Required Sample motion

Step 1 Create a First revision based one or more

PIs I move to create a First Revision based on PI #

Step 2 If the revision is related to multiple PIs, generate a statement to respond to all of

them together

Step 1 Create a First Revision I move to create a First Revision as follows . . .

Step 2 Generate a statement (substantiation)

Possible Action 3: Create Committee input

Step 1 Create proposed revision for solicitation

of public comments I move to create CI with a proposed revision to X

as follows . . .

Step 2 Generate a statement to explain the

intent and why the Committee is seeking public comment

15

Public Input

16

Public Input No. 412-NFPA 99-2015 [ Global Input ]

Type your content here ...

Additional Proposed Changes

File Name Description Approved

99_re-organization_2_-_For_Public_Input_Proposal.docx

Word Document of proposed Chapter 6 reorganization. ✓

Copy_of_99_chapter_6_re-organization_document_2_-_For_Public_Input_Proposal.xlsx

Excel document of proposed Chapter 6 reorganization. Includes entire content of chapter. Each column is used to show the level of heading to give more of a true outline view. Allows you to more easily see the relation of headings and subheadings.

✓

Statement of Problem and Substantiation for Public Input

As requested by the Technical Correlating Committee, a Task Group of the Technical Committee on Electrical Systems was formed to review the overall organization of Chapter 6. The numbering system of the current document has become cumbersome and does not follow NFPA style guidelines for 99. Additionally, the TCC recommended that the Chapter follow more of a Risk-Based flow similar to that of Chapter 5. Additional goals of the proposed reorganization are to reduce the number of subheadings and duplications, while consolidating related requirements to make the Chapter more logical to users. Effort was made to ensure no requirement content was changed as part of the reorganization. The reorganization is intended to be purely editorial and not change any of the performance requirements of the chapter.

Submitter Information Verification

Submitter Full Name: CHRIS FINEN

Organization: EATON CORPORATION

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Mon Jul 06 10:22:46 EDT 2015

National Fire Protection Association Report http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/FormLaunch?id=/TerraView/C...

1 of 1 7/8/2015 11:29 AM

17

6.1 Applicability

6.1.1 Electrical Installation. Installation shall be in accordance with NFPA 70, National Electrical Code.

6.1.2 This chapter shall apply to new health care facilities as specified in Section 1.3.

6.1.3The following paragraphs of this chapter shall apply to new and existing health care facilities:

(1) 6.3.2.2.4.2

(2) 6.3.2.2.6.1

(3) 6.3.2.2.6.2(F)

(4) 6.3.2.2.8.5(B)(2)and (3)

(5) 6.3.2.2.8.7

(6) 6.3.4

(7) 6.4.1.1.18.7

(8) 6.4.2.2.6.2(C)

(9) 6.4.2.2.6.3

(10) 6.4.4

(11) 6.5.4

6.1.4 Paragraph 6.3.2.2.2.3 shall apply only to existing facilities.

6.2 Nature of Hazards

6.2.1* Fire and Explosions.

6.2.2 Shock. (RESERVED)

6.2.3 Thermal. (RESERVED)

6.3 Common Performance Requirements

6.3.1 Sources Each health care appliance requiring electrical line power for operation shall be

supported by power sources that provide power adequate for each service.

6.3.1.1 Power/Utility Company. (Reserved)

6.3.1.2 On-Site Generator Set. (Reserved)

6.3.2 Distribution

6.3.2.1* Distribution system arrangements shall be designed to minimize interruptions to the electrical

systems due to internal failures by the use of adequately rated equipment.

6.3.2.2 Receptacles.

18

6.3.2.2.1* Types of Receptacles.

(A) Each power receptacle shall provide at least one separate, highly dependable grounding pole

capable of maintaining low-contact resistance with its mating plug, despite electrical and mechanical

abuse. The grounding terminal of each receptacle shall be connected to the reference grounding point

by means of an insulated copper equipment grounding conductor.

(B) Special receptacles, such as the following, shall be permitted:

(1) Four-pole units providing an extra pole for redundant grounding or ground continuity

monitoring

(2) Locking-type receptacles

(3) Where required for reduction of electrical noise on the grounding circuit, receptacles in

which the grounding terminals are purposely insulated from the receptacle yoke

(C) All single, duplex, or quadruplex type receptacles, or any combination thereof, located at patent

bed locations in Category 1 spaces shall be listed hospital grade.

6.3.2.2.2 Minimum Number of Receptacles. The number of receptacles shall be determined by the

intended use of the spaces in accordance with 6.3.2.2.6.2(A) through 6.3.2.2.6.2(F).

(A) Receptacles for Patient Bed Locations in Category 2 Spaces. Each patient bed location shall be

provided with a minimum of eight receptacles. They shall be permitted to be of the locking or

nonlocking type, single, duplex, or quadruplex type, or any combination of the three. All receptacles

shall be listed hospital grade.

(B) Receptacles for Patient Bed Locations in Category 1 Spaces. Each patient bed location shall be

provided with a minimum of 14 receptacles. They shall be permitted to be of the locking or nonlocking

type, single, duplex, or quadruplex type, or any combination of the three. All receptacles shall be listed

hospital grade.

(C) Receptacles for Operating Rooms. Operating rooms shall be provided with a minimum of 36

receptacles. They shall be permitted to be of the locking or nonlocking type, single, duplex, or

quadruplex type, or any combination of the three. All receptacles shall be listed hospital grade.

(D) Receptacles for Bathrooms or Toilets. Receptacles shall not be required in bathrooms or toilet

rooms.

(E) Receptacles for Special Rooms. Receptacles shall not be required in rooms where medical

requirements mandate otherwise (e.g., certain psychiatric, pediatric, or hydrotherapy rooms).

(F) Designated Pediatric Locations. Receptacles that are located within the patient rooms, bathrooms,

playrooms, and activity rooms of pediatric units or spaces with similar risk as determined by the

governing body, other than nurseries, shall be listed tamper-resistant or shall employ a listed tamper-

resistant cover.

19

6.3.2.2.3 Polarity of Receptacles. Each receptacle shall be wired in accordance with NFPA 70, National

Electrical Code, to ensure correct polarity.

6.3.2.2.4 Other Services Receptacles. Receptacles provided for other services having different voltages,

frequencies, or types on the same premises shall be of such design that attachment plugs and caps used

in such receptacles cannot be connected to circuits of a different voltage, frequency, or type, but shall

be interchangeable within each classification and rating required for two-wire, 125-V, single-phase ac

service.

6.3.2.2.5* Use of Isolated Ground Receptacles.

(A) An isolated ground receptacle, if used, shall not defeat the purposes of the safety features of the

grounding systems detailed herein.

(B) An isolated ground receptacle shall not be installed within a patient care vicinity.

6.3.2.2.6 Special-Purpose Outlets. Branch circuits serving only special-purpose outlets or receptacles

(e.g., portable X-ray receptacles) shall not be required to conform to the requirements of 6.3.2.2.1.2.

6.3.2.2.7 Laboratories. Outlets with two to four receptacles, or an equivalent power strip, shall be

installed every 0.5 m to 1.0 m (1.6 ft to 3.3 ft) in instrument usage areas, and either installation shall be

at least 80 mm (3.15 in.) above the countertop.

6.3.2.3 Wet Procedure Locations.

6.3.2.3.1 Wet procedure locations shall be provided with special protection against electric shock.

6.3.2.3. This special protection shall be provided as follows:

(1) Power distribution system that inherently limits the possible ground-fault current due to a first fault

to a low value, without interrupting the power supply

(2) Power distribution system in which the power supply is interrupted if the ground-fault current does,

in fact, exceed the trip value of a Class A GFCI

6.3.2.3.3 Patient beds, toilets, bidets, and wash basins shall not be required to be considered wet

procedure locations.

6.3.2.3.4*Operating rooms shall be considered to be a wet procedure location, unless a risk assessment

conducted by the health care governing body determines otherwise.

6.3.2.3.5 In existing construction, the requirements of 6.3.2.2.8.1 shall not be required when a written

inspection procedure, acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction, is performed by a designated

individual at the hospital to indicate that equipment grounding conductors for 120-V, single-phase, 15-A

and 20-A receptacles; equipment connected by cord and plug; and fixed electrical equipment are

installed and maintained in accordance with NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, and the applicable

performance requirements of this chapter.

(A) The procedure shall include electrical continuity tests of all required equipment, grounding

conductors, and their connections.

20

(B) Fixed receptacles, equipment connected by cord and plug, and fixed electrical equipment shall be

tested as follows:

(1) When first installed

(2) Where there is evidence of damage

(3) After any repairs

6.3.2.3.6 The use of an isolated power system (IPS) shall be permitted as a protective means capable of

limiting ground-fault current without power interruption. When installed, such a power system shall

conform to the requirements of 6.3.2.6.

6.3.2.3.7* Operating rooms defined as wet procedure locations shall be protected by either isolated

power or ground-fault circuit interrupters.

6.3.2.3.8 Where GFCI protection is used in an operating room, one of the following shall apply:

(1) Each receptacle shall be an individual GFCI device.

(2) Each receptacle shall be individually protected by a single GFCI device.

6.3.2.4 Isolated Power.

6.3.2.4.1 An isolated power system shall not be required to be installed in any patient care space, except

as specified in 6.3.2.2.8.

6.3.2.4.2 The system shall be permitted to be installed where it conforms to the performance

requirements specified in 6.3.2.6.

6.3.2.5 Circuits. Branch circuit wiring 600 V or less shall comply with the requirements in 6.3.2.2.1.1

through 6.3.2.2.1.4.

6.2.3.5.1 Branch circuits serving a given patient bed location shall be fed from not more than one normal

branch-circuit distribution panel.

6.2.3.5.2 When required, branch circuits serving a given patient bed location shall be permitted to be

fed from more than one critical branch-circuit distribution panel.

6.3.2.3.5.3

(A) Only authorized personnel shall have access to overcurrent protective devices serving Category 1

and Category 2 spaces.

(B) Overcurrent protective devices serving Category 1 and Category 2 spaces shall not be permitted to

be located in public access spaces.

(C) Where used in locations such as in Category 1 spaces, isolated power panels shall be permitted in

those locations.

6.3.2.5.4 Low-voltage wiring shall comply with either of the following:

21

(1) Fixed systems of 30 V (dc or ac rms) or less shall be permitted to be ungrounded, provided that the

insulation between each ungrounded conductor and the primary circuit, which is supplied from a

conventionally grounded distribution system, is the same protection as required for the primary voltage.

(2) A grounded low-voltage system shall be permitted, provided that load currents are not carried in

the grounding conductors.

6.3.2.6 Grounding

6.3.2.6.1 Grounding requirements shall comply with the requirements in 6.3.2.2.2.1 through 6.3.2.2.2.4.

6.3.2.6.1.1 Grounding Circuitry Integrity. Grounding circuits and conductors in patient care spaces shall

be installed in such a way that the continuity of other parts of those circuits cannot be interrupted nor

the resistance raised above an acceptable level by the installation, removal, and replacement of any

installed equipment, including power receptacles.

6.3.2.6.1.2 Reliability of Grounding. The grounding conductor shall conform to NFPA 70, National

Electrical Code.

6.3.2.6.1.3 Separate Grounding Conductor. When existing construction does not have a separate

grounding conductor, the continued use of the system shall be permitted, provided that it meets the

performance requirements in 6.3.3.1.

6.3.2.6.1.4 Metal Receptacle Boxes. Where metal receptacle boxes are used, the performance of the

connection between the receptacle grounding terminal and the metal box shall be equivalent to the

performance provided by copper wire no smaller than 12 AWG.

6.3.2.6.1.5 Grounding Interconnects. In patient care spaces supplied by the normal distribution system

and any branch of the essential electrical system, the grounding system of the normal distribution

system and that of the essential electrical system shall be interconnected.

6.3.2.6.2 Patient Equipment Grounding Point. A patient equipment grounding point comprising one or

more grounding terminals or jacks shall be permitted in an accessible location in the patient care

vicinity.

6.3.2.6.3* Special Grounding in Patient Care Rooms. In addition to the grounding required to meet the

performance requirements of 6.3.3.1, additional grounding shall be permitted where special

circumstances so dictate.

6.3.2.7 Battery-Powered Lighting Units.

6.3.2.7.1 One or more battery-powered lighting units shall be provided within locations where deep

sedation and general anesthesia is administered.

6.3.2.7.2 The lighting level of each unit shall be sufficient to terminate procedures intended to be

performed within the operating room.

6.3.2.7.3 The sensor for units shall be wired to the branch circuit(s) serving general lighting within the

room.

6.3.2.7.4 Units shall be capable of providing lighting for 11⁄2 hours.

22

6.3.2.7.5 Units shall be tested monthly for 30 seconds, and annually for 30 minutes.

6.3.2.8 Laboratories

6.3.2.9 Other Non-Patient Care Areas (RESERVED)

6.3.2.10 Ground Fault Protection

6.3.2.10.1 Applicability. The requirements of 6.3.2.5.2 shall apply to hospitals and other buildings

housing Category 1 spaces or utilizing life-support equipment and buildings that provide essential

utilities or services for the operation of Category 1 spaces or electrical life-support equipment.

6.3.2.10.3 When ground-fault protection is provided for operation of the service or feeder disconnecting

means, an additional step of ground-fault protection shall be provided in the next level of feeder

downstream toward the load.

6.3.2.10.2 Ground-fault protection for operation of the service and feeder disconnecting means shall be

fully selective such that the downstream device and not the upstream device shall open for downstream

ground faults.

6.3.2.10.4 Protection against Ground Faults.

6.3.2.10.4.1 Equipment Protection. The main and downstream ground-fault protective devices (where

required) shall be coordinated as required in 6.3.2.5.

6.3.2.10.4.2 Personnel Protection. If used, ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) shall be listed.

6.3.2.11 Isolated Power Systems

6.3.2.11.1 Isolation Transformer.

6.3.2.11.1.1 The isolation transformer shall be listed and approved for the purpose.

6.3.2.11.1.2 The primary winding shall be connected to a power source so that it is not energized with

more than 600 V (nominal).

(A) If present, the neutral of the primary winding shall be grounded in an approved manner.

(B) If an electrostatic shield is present, it shall be connected to the reference grounding point.

6.3.2.11.1.3 Wiring of isolated power systems shall be in accordance with 517.160 of NFPA 70, National

Electrical Code.

6.3.2.11.2 Impedance of Isolated Wiring.

6.3.2.11.2.1* The impedance (capacitive and resistive) to ground of either conductor of an isolated

system shall exceed 200,000 ohms when installed. The installation at this point shall include receptacles

but is not required to include lighting fixtures or components of fixtures. This value shall be determined

by energizing the system and connecting a low-impedance ac milliammeter (0 to 1 mA scale) between

the reference grounding point and either conductor in sequence. This test shall be permitted to be

performed with the line isolation monitor (see 6.3.2.6.3) connected, provided that the connection

between the line isolation monitor and the reference grounding point is open at the time of the test.

23

After the test is made, the milliammeter shall be removed and the grounding connection of the line

isolation monitor shall be restored. When the installation is completed, including permanently

connected fixtures, the reading of the meter on the line isolation monitor, which corresponds to the

unloaded line condition, shall be made. This meter reading shall be recorded as a reference for

subsequent line impedance evaluation. This test shall be conducted with no phase conductors

grounded.

6.3.2.11.2.2 An approved capacitance suppressor shall be permitted to be used to improve the

impedance of the permanently installed isolated system; however, the resistive impedance to ground of

each isolated conductor of the system shall be at least 1 megohm prior to the connection of the

suppression equipment. Capacitance suppressors shall be installed so as to prevent inadvertent

disconnection during normal use.

6.3.2.11.3 Line Isolation Monitor.

6.3.2.11.3.1* In addition to the usual control and protective devices, each isolated power system shall

be provided with an approved, continually operating line isolation monitor that indicates possible

leakage or fault currents from either isolated conductor to ground.

6.3.2.11.3.2 The monitor shall be designed such that a green signal lamp, conspicuously visible in the

area where the line isolation monitor is utilized, remains lighted when the system is adequately isolated

from ground; and an adjacent red signal lamp and an audible warning signal (remote if desired) shall be

energized when the total hazard current (consisting of possible resistive and capacitive leakage currents)

from either isolated conductor to ground reaches a threshold value of 5.0 mA under normal line voltage

conditions. The line isolation monitor shall not alarm for a fault hazard current of less than 3.7 mA.

6.3.2.11.3.3* The line isolation monitor shall comply with either of the following:

(1) It shall have sufficient internal impedance such that, when properly connected to the isolated

system, the maximum internal current that will flow through the line isolation monitor, when any point

of the isolated system is grounded, shall be 1 mA.

(2) It shall be permitted to be of the low-impedance type such that the current through the line

isolation monitor, when any point of the isolated system is grounded, will not exceed twice the alarm

threshold value for a period not exceeding 5 milliseconds.

6.3.2.11.3.4* An ammeter connected to indicate the total hazard current of the system (contribution

of the fault hazard current plus monitor hazard current) shall be mounted in a plainly visible place on

the line isolation monitor with the “alarm on” zone (total hazard current = 5.0 mA) at approximately the

center of the scale. A line isolation monitor shall be located in the operating room.

6.3.2.11.3.5 Means shall be provided for shutting off the audible alarm while leaving the red warning

lamp activated. When the fault is corrected and the green signal lamp is reactivated, the audible alarm-

silencing circuit shall reset automatically, or an audible or distinctive visual signal shall indicate that the

audible alarm is silenced.

6.3.2.11.3.6 A reliable test switch shall be mounted on the line isolation monitor to test its capability

to operate (i.e., cause the alarms to operate and the meter to indicate in the “alarm on” zone). This

switch shall transfer the grounding connection of the line isolation monitor from the reference

24

grounding point to a test impedance arrangement connected across the isolated line; the test

impedance(s) shall be of the appropriate magnitude to produce a meter reading corresponding to the

rated total hazard current at the nominal line voltage, or to a lesser alarm hazard current if the line

isolation monitor is so rated. The operation of this switch shall break the grounding connection of the

line isolation monitor to the reference grounding point before transferring this grounding connector to

the test impedance(s), so that making this test will not add to the hazard of a system in actual use; nor

will the test include the effect of the line-to-ground stray impedance of the system. The test switch shall

be of a self-restoring type.

6.3.2.11.3.7 The line isolation monitor shall not generate energy of sufficient amplitude or

frequency, as measured by a physiological monitor with a gain of at least 104 with a source impedance

of 1000 ohms connected to the balanced differential input of the monitor, to create interference or

artifact on human physiological signals. The output voltage from the amplifier shall not exceed 30 mV

when the gain is 104. The impedance of 1000 ohms shall be connected to the ends of typical unshielded

electrode leads that are a normal part of the cable assembly furnished with physiological monitors. A 60

Hz notch filter shall be used to reduce ambient interference, as is typical in physiological monitor design.

6.3.2.11.4 Identification of Conductors for Isolated (Ungrounded) Systems. The isolated conductors shall

be identified in accordance with 517.160(A)(5) of NFPA 70, National Electrical Code.

6.3.3 Performance Criteria and Testing

6.3.3.1 Grounding System in Patient Care Spaces.

6.3.3.1.1* Grounding System Testing. The effectiveness of the grounding system shall

be determined by voltage measurements and impedance measurements.

6.3.3.1.1.1 For new construction, the effectiveness of the grounding system shall be evaluated before

acceptance.

6.3.3.1.1.2 Small wall-mounted conductive surfaces not likely to become energized, such as surface-

mounted towel and soap dispensers, mirrors, and so forth, shall not be required to be intentionally

grounded or tested.

6.3.3.1.1.3 Large metal conductive surfaces not likely to become energized, such as windows, door

frames, and drains, shall not be required to be intentionally grounded or periodically tested.

6.3.3.1.1.4* Whenever the electrical system has been altered or replaced, that portion of the system

shall be tested.

6.3.3.1.2 Reference Point. The voltage and impedance measurements shall be taken with respect to a

reference point, which shall be one of the following:

(1) Reference grounding point (see Chapter 3)

(2) Grounding point, in or near the room under test, that is electrically remote from receptacles

(e.g., an all-metal cold-water pipe)

25

(3) Grounding contact of a receptacle that is powered from a different branch circuit from the

receptacle under test

6.3.3.1.3* Voltage Measurements.

6.3.3.1.3.1 The voltage measurements shall be made under no-fault conditions between a reference

point and exposed fixed electrical equipment with conductive surfaces in a patient care vicinity.

6.3.3.1.3.2 The voltage measurements shall be made with an accuracy of ±20 percent.

6.3.3.1.3.3 Voltage measurements for faceplates of wiring devices shall not be required.

6.3.3.1.4* Impedance Measurements. The impedance measurement shall be made with an accuracy of

±20 percent.

6.3.3.1.4.1 For new construction, the impedance measurement shall be made between the

reference point and the grounding contact of 10 percent of all receptacles within the patient care

vicinity.

6.3.3.1.4.2 The impedance measurement shall be the ratio of voltage developed (either 60 Hz or

dc) between the point under test and the reference point to the current applied between these two

points.

6.3.3.1.5 Test Equipment. Electrical safety test instruments shall be tested periodically, but not less than

annually, for acceptable performance.

6.3.3.1.5.1 Voltage measurements specified in 6.3.3.1.3 shall be made with an instrument having an

input resistance of 1000 ohms ±10 percent at frequencies of 1000 Hz or less.

6.3.3.1.5.2 The voltage across the terminals (or between any terminal and ground) of resistance-

measuring instruments used in occupied patient care rooms shall not exceed 500 mV rms or 1.4 dc or

peak to peak.

6.3.3.1.6 Criteria for Acceptability for New Construction.

6.3.3.1.6.1 The voltage limit shall be 20 mV.

6.3.3.1.6.2 The impedance limit shall be 0.2 ohm for systems containing isolated ground receptacles

and 0.1 ohm for all others.

6.3.3.2 Receptacle Testing in Patient Care Spaces.

6.3.3.2.1 The physical integrity of each receptacle shall be confirmed by visual inspection.

6.3.3.2.2 The continuity of the grounding circuit in each electrical receptacle shall be verified.

6.3.3.2.3 Correct polarity of the hot and neutral connections in each electrical receptacle shall be

confirmed.

6.3.3.2.4 The retention force of the grounding blade of each electrical receptacle (except locking-type

receptacles) shall be not less than 115 g (4 oz).

26

6.3.4.1.1 Where hospital-grade receptacles are required at patient bed locations and in locations where

deep sedation or general anesthesia is administered, testing shall be performed after initial installation,

replacement, or servicing of the device.

6.3.4.1.2 Additional testing of receptacles in patient care spaces shall be performed at intervals defined

by documented performance data.

6.3.4.1.3 Receptacles not listed as hospital-grade, at patient bed locations and in locations where deep

sedation or general anesthesia is administered, shall be tested at intervals not exceeding 12 months.

6.3.3.3 Isolated Power Systems.

6.3.3.3.1 Patient Care Spaces. If installed, the isolated power system shall be tested in accordance with

6.3.3.3.2.

6.3.3.3.2 Line Isolation Monitor Tests. The line isolation monitor (LIM) circuit shall be tested after

installation, and prior to being placed in service, by successively grounding each line of the energized

distribution system through a resistor whose value is 200 × V (ohms), where V equals measured line

voltage. The visual and audible alarms (see 6.3.2.6.3.2) shall be activated.

6.3.3.3.3 The LIM circuit shall be tested at intervals of not more than 1 month by actuating the LIM test

switch (see 6.3.2.6.3.6). For a LIM circuit with automated self-test and self-calibration capabilities, this

test shall be performed at intervals of not more than 12 months. Actuation of the test switch shall

activate both visual and audible alarm indicators.

6.3.3.3.4 After any repair or renovation to an electrical distribution system, the LIM circuit shall be

tested in accordance with 6.3.3.3.2.

6.3.3.4 Ground-Fault Protection Testing. When equipment ground-fault protection is first installed, each

level shall be performance-tested to ensure compliance with 6.3.2.5.

6.3.4 Administration of Electrical System

6.3.4.1 Record Keeping

6.3.4.1.1 A record shall be maintained of the tests required by this chapter and associated repairs or

modification.

6.3.4.1.2 At a minimum, the record shall contain the date, the rooms or areas tested, and an indication

of which items have met, or have failed to meet, the performance requirements of this chapter.

6.3.4.1.3 Isolated Power System (Where Installed). A permanent record shall be kept of the results of

each of the tests.

6.4 Category 1 Spaces

6.4.1 Category 1 spaces shall be served only by a Type 1 EES.

6.4.2 Category 1 spaces shall be served by circuits from a critical branch panel(s) served from a single

automatic transfer switch and a minimum of one circuit served by the normal power distribution system

or by a system originating from a second critical branch automatic transfer switch.

27

6.4.3 A Type I EES serving a Category 1 space shall be permitted to serve Category 2 spaces in the

same facility.

6.5 Category 2 Spaces

6.5.1 Category 2 spaces shall be served by a Type 1 or Type 2 EES.

6.6 Category 3 and 4 Spaces

6.6.1 Category 3 or Category 4 spaces shall not be required to be served by an EES.

6.7 Essential Electrical Systems

6.7.1 Sources (Type 1 EES).

6.7.1.1* Design Considerations. Dual sources of normal power shall not constitute an alternate source

of power as described in this chapter.

6.7.1.2 On-Site Generator Set.

6.7.1.2.1 Current-sensing devices, phase and ground, shall be selected to minimize the extent of

interruption to the electrical system due to abnormal current caused by overload or short circuits, or

both.

6.7.1.2.2 Essential electrical systems shall have a minimum of the following two independent sources of

power: a normal source generally supplying the entire electrical system and one or more alternate

sources for use when the normal source is interrupted.

6.7.1.2.3 Where the normal source consists of generating units on the premises, the alternate source

shall be either another generating set or an external utility service.

6.7.1.2.4 General. Generator sets installed as an alternate source of power for essential electrical

systems shall be designed to meet the requirements of such service.

6.7.1.2.4.1 Type 1 and Type 2 essential electrical system power sources shall be classified as Type 10,

Class X, Level 1 generator sets per NFPA 110, Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems.

6.7.1.2.4.2 Type 3 essential electrical system power sources shall be classified as Type 10, Class X, Level 2

generator sets per NFPA 110, Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems.

6.7.1.2.5 Use for Essential Electrical System.

6.7.1.2.5.1 The generating equipment used shall be either reserved exclusively for such service or

normally used for other purposes of peak demand control, internal voltage control, load relief for the

external utility, or cogeneration. If normally used for such other purposes, two or more sets shall be

installed, such that the maximum actual demand likely to be produced by the connected load of the life

safety and critical branches, as well as medical air compressors, medical–surgical vacuum pumps,

electrically operated fire pumps, jockey pumps, fuel pumps, and generator accessories, shall be met by a

multiple generator system, with the largest generator set out of service (not available). The alternate

source of emergency power for illumination and identification of means of egress shall be the essential

28

electrical system. The alternate power source for fire protection signaling systems shall be the essential

electrical system.

6.7.1.2.5.2 A single generator set that operates the essential electrical system shall be permitted to

be part of the system supplying the other purposes as specified in 6.4.1.1.8.1, provided that any such

use will not decrease the mean period between service overhauls to less than 3 years.

6.7.1.2.5.3* Optional loads shall be permitted to be served by the essential electrical system

generating equipment. Optional loads shall be served by their own transfer means, such that these loads

shall not be transferred onto the generating equipment if the transfer will overload the generating

equipment and shall be shed upon a generating equipment overload. Use of the generating equipment

to serve optional loads shall not constitute “other purposes” as described in 6.4.1.1.8.1 and, therefore,

shall not require multiple generator sets.

6.7.1.2.5.4 Where optional loads include contiguous or same-site facilities not covered in this code,

provisions shall be made to meet the requirements of NFPA 101, Life Safety Code; Article 700 of NFPA

70, National Electrical Code; and other applicable NFPA requirements for emergency egress under load-

shed conditions.

6.7.1.2.6 Work Space or Room.

6.7.1.2.6.1 The EPS shall be installed in a separate room for Level 1 installations. EPSS equipment shall

be permitted to be installed in this room. [110:7.2.1]

(A) The room shall have a minimum 2-hour fire rating or be located in an adequate enclosure located

outside the building capable of resisting the entrance of snow or rain at a maximum wind velocity

required by local building codes. [110:7.2.1.1]

(B) The rooms, enclosures, or separate buildings housing Level 1 or Level 2 EPSS equipment shall be

designed and located to minimize damage from flooding, including that caused by the following:

(1) Flooding resulting from fire fighting

(2) Sewer water backup

(3) Other disasters or occurrences [110:7.2.3]

6.7.1.2.6.2 The EPS equipment shall be installed in a location that permits ready accessibility and a

minimum of 0.9 m (36 in.) from the skid rails' outermost point in the direction of access for inspection,

repair, maintenance, cleaning, or replacement. This requirement shall not apply to units in outdoor

housings. [110:7.2.6]

6.7.1.2.7* Capacity and Rating. The generator set(s) shall have the capacity and rating to meet the

maximum actual demand likely to be produced by the connected load of the essential electrical

system(s).

6.7.1.2.8 Load Pickup. The energy converters shall have the required capacity and response to pick up

and carry the load within the time specified in Table 4.1(b) of NFPA 110, Standard for Emergency and

Standby Power Systems, after loss of primary power.

29

6.7.1.2.9 Maintenance of Temperature. The EPS shall be heated as necessary to maintain the water

jacket and battery temperature determined by the EPS manufacturer for cold start and load acceptance

for the type of EPSS. [110:5.3.1]

6.7.1.2.10* Heating, Cooling, and Ventilating. With the EPS running at rated load, ventilation airflow

shall be provided to limit the maximum air temperature in the EPS room or the enclosure housing the

unit to the maximum ambient air temperature required by the EPS manufacturer. [110:7.7.1]

6.7.1.2.10.1 Consideration shall be given to all the heat emitted to the EPS equipment room by the

energy converter, uninsulated or insulated exhaust pipes, and other heat-producing equipment.

[110:7.7.1.1]

6.7.1.2.10.2 Air shall be supplied to the EPS equipment for combustion. [110:7.7.2]

(A) For EPS supplying Level 1 EPSS, ventilation air shall be supplied directly from a source outside the

building by an exterior wall opening or from a source outside the building by a 2-hour fire-rated air

transfer system. [110:7.7.2.1]

(B) For EPS supplying Level 1 EPSS, discharge air shall be directed outside the building by an exterior

wall opening or to an exterior opening by a 2-hour fire-rated air transfer system. [110:7.7.2.2]

(C) Fire dampers, shutters, or other self-closing devices shall not be permitted in ventilation openings or

ductwork for supply or return/discharge air to EPS equipment for Level 1 EPSS. [110:7.7.2.3]

6.7.1.2.10.3 Ventilation air supply shall be from outdoors or from a source outside of the building by

an exterior wall opening or from a source outside the building by a 2-hour fire-rated air transfer system.

[110:7.7.3]

6.7.1.2.10.4 Ventilation air shall be provided to supply and discharge cooling air for radiator cooling

of the EPS when running at rated load. [110:7.7.4]

(A) Ventilation air supply and discharge for radiator-cooled EPS shall have a maximum static restriction

of 125 Pa (0.5 in. of water column) in the discharge duct at the radiator outlet. [110:7.7.4.1]

(B) Radiator air discharge shall be ducted outdoors or to an exterior opening by a 2-hour rated air

transfer system. [110:7.7.4.2]

6.7.1.2.10.5 Motor-operated dampers, when used, shall be spring operated to open and motor

closed. Fire dampers, shutters, or other self-closing devices shall not be permitted in ventilation

openings or ductwork for supply or return/discharge air to EPS equipment for Level 1 EPSS. [110:7.7.5]

6.7.1.2.10.6 The ambient air temperature in the EPS equipment room or outdoor housing containing

Level 1 rotating equipment shall be not less than 4.5°C (40°F). [110:5.3.5]

6.7.1.2.10.5 Units housed outdoors shall be heated as specified in 5.3.1 [of NFPA 110, Standard for

Emergency and Standby Power Systems]. [110:7.7.7]

6.7.1.2.10.7 Design of the heating, cooling, and ventilation system for the EPS equipment room shall

include provision for factors including, but not limited to, the following:

30

(1) Heat

(2) Cold

(3) Dust

(4) Humidity

(5) Snow and ice accumulations around housings

(6) Louvers

(7) Remote radiator fans

(8) Prevailing winds blowing against radiator fan discharge air [110:7.7.7]

6.7.1.2.11 Cranking Batteries. Internal combustion engine cranking batteries shall be in accordance

with the battery requirements of NFPA 110, Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems.

6.7.1.2.12 Compressed Air Starting Devices. Other types of stored energy starting systems (except

pyrotechnic) shall be permitted to be used where recommended by the manufacturer of the prime

mover and subject to approval of the authority having jurisdiction, under the following conditions:

(1) Where two complete periods of cranking cycles are completed without replacement of the

stored energy

(2) Where a means for automatic restoration from the emergency source of the stored energy I

s provided

(3) Where the stored energy system has the cranking capacity specified in 5.6.4.2.1 of NFPA

110, Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems

(4) Where the stored energy system has a “black start” capability in addition to normal

discharge capability [110:5.6.4.1.2]

6.7.1.2.13 Fuel Supply. The fuel supply for the generator set shall comply with Sections 5.5 and 7.9 of

NFPA 110, Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems.

6.7.1.2.14 Requirements for Safety Devices.

31

6.7.1.2.14.1 Internal Combustion Engines. Internal combustion engines serving generator sets shall be

equipped with the following:

(1) Sensor device plus visual warning device to indicate a water-jacket temperature below that

required in 6.4.1.1.12

(2) Sensor devices plus visual pre-alarm warning device to indicate the following:

(a) High engine temperature (above manufacturer’s recommended safe operating temperature

range)

(b) Low lubricating oil pressure (below manufacturer’s recommended safe operating range)

(c) Low water coolant level

(3) Automatic engine shutdown device plus visual device to indicate that a shutdown took

place due to the following:

(a) Overcrank (failed to start)

(b) Overspeed

(c) Low lubricating oil pressure

(d) Excessive engine temperature

(4) Common audible alarm device to warn that one or more of the pre-alarm or alarm

conditions exist

6.7.1.2.14.2 Safety indications and shutdowns shall be in accordance with Table 6.4.1.1.17.2.

6.7.1.2.15 Alarm Annunciator. A remote annunciator that is storage battery powered shall be provided

to operate outside of the generating room in a location readily observed by operating personnel at a

regular work station (see 700.12 of NFPA 70, National Electrical Code). The annunciator shall be hard-

wired to indicate alarm conditions of the emergency or auxiliary power source as follows:

6.7.1.2.15.1 Individual visual signals shall indicate the following:

(a) When the emergency or auxiliary power source is operating to supply power to load

(b) When the battery charger is malfunctioning

32

6.7.1.2.15.2 Individual visual signals plus a common audible signal to warn of an engine-generator

alarm condition shall indicate the following:

(a) Low lubricating oil pressure

(b) Low water temperature (below that required in 6.4.1.1.12)

(c) Excessive water temperature

(d) Low fuel when the main fuel storage tank contains less than a 4-hour operating supply

(e) Overcrank (failed to start)

(f) Overspeed

6.7.1.2.15.3* A remote, common audible alarm shall be provided as specified in 6.4.1.1.18.6.

[110:5.6.6]

6.7.1.2.15.4 The following annunciation shall be provided at a minimum:

(1) For Level 1 EPS, local annunciation and facility remote annunciation, or local annunciation

and network remote annunciation

(2) For Level 2 EPS, local annunciation [110:5.6.6.2]

6.7.1.2.15.5 For the purposes of defining the types of annunciation in 6.4.1.1.17.2, the following

shall apply:

(1) Local annunciation is located on the equipment itself or within the same equipment room.

(2) Facility remote annunciation is located on site but not within the room where the

equipment is located.

(3) Network remote annunciation is located off site. [110:5.6.6.3]

6.7.1.2.15.6 An alarm-silencing means shall be provided, and the panel shall include repetitive alarm

circuitry so that, after the audible alarm has been silenced, it reactivates after the fault condition has

been cleared and has to be restored to its normal position to be silenced again. [110:5.6.6.4]

6.7.1.2.15.7 In lieu of the requirement of 5.6.6.4 of NFPA 110, a manual alarm-silencing means shall

be permitted that silences the audible alarm after the occurrence of the alarm condition, provided such

means do not inhibit any subsequent alarms from sounding the audible alarm again without further

manual action. [110:5.6.6.5]

6.7.1.2.15.8 Individual alarm indication to annunciate any of the conditions listed in Table

6.4.1.1.17.2 shall have the following characteristics:

(1) It shall be battery powered.

33

(2) It shall be visually indicated.

(3) It shall have additional contacts or circuits for a common audible alarm that signals locally

and remotely when any of the itemized conditions occurs.

(4) It shall have a lamp test switch(es) to test the operation of all alarm lamps.

6.7.1.2.15.9 A centralized computer system (e.g., building automation system) shall not be permitted

to be substituted for the alarm annunciator in 6.4.1.1.18 but shall be permitted to be used to

supplement the alarm annunciator.

6.7.1.3 Battery. Battery systems shall meet all requirements of Article 700 of NFPA 70, National

Electrical Code.

6.7.1.4 Fuel Cell Systems. Fuel cell systems shall be permitted to serve as the alternate source for all or

part of an essential electrical system, provided the following conditions apply:

6.7.1.4.1 Installation shall comply with NFPA 853, Standard for Installation of Stationary Fuel Cell Power

Systems.

6.7.1.4.2 N+1 units shall be provided where N units have sufficient capacity to supply the demand load

of the portion of the system served.

6.7.1.4.3 System shall be able to assume loads within 10 seconds of loss of normal power source.

6.7.1.4.4 System shall have a continuing source of fuel supply, together with sufficient on-site fuel

storage for the essential system type.

6.7.1.4.5 A connection shall be provided for a portable diesel generator to supply life safety and critical

portions of the distribution system (if present).

6.7.2* Distribution (Type 1 EES).

6.7.2.1 Design Considerations

6.7.2.1.1 Distribution system arrangements shall be designed to minimize interruptions to the electrical

systems due to internal failures by the use of adequately rated equipment.

6.7.2.1.2 The following factors shall be considered in the design of the distribution system:

(1) Abnormal voltages, such as single phasing of three-phase utilization equipment; switching

or lightning surges, or both; voltage reductions; and so forth

(2) Capability of achieving the fastest possible restoration of any given circuit(s) after clearing a

fault

(3) Effects of future changes, such as increased loading or supply capacity, or both

34

(4) Stability and power capability of the prime mover during and after abnormal conditions

(5) *Sequence reconnection of loads to avoid large current inrushes that trip overcurrent

devices or overload the generator(s)

(6) Bypass arrangements to allow testing and maintenance of system components that could

not otherwise be maintained without disruption of important hospital functions

7) Effects of any harmonic currents on neutral conductors and equipment

6.7.2.2 General Requirements.

6.7.2.2.1 Electrical characteristics of the transfer switches shall be suitable for the operation of all

functions and equipment they are intended to supply.

6.7.2.2.2* Coordination.

6.7.2.2.2.1 Overcurrent protective devices serving the essential electrical system shall be coordinated

for the period of time that a fault’s duration extends beyond 0.1 second.

6.7.2.2.2.2 Coordination shall not be required as follows:

(1) Between transformer primary and secondary overcurrent protective devices, where only

one overcurrent protective device or set of overcurrent protective devices exists on the

transformer secondary

(2) Between overcurrent protective devices of the same size (ampere rating) in series

6.7.2.2.3 Switch Rating. The rating of the transfer switches shall be adequate for switching all classes of

loads to be served and for withstanding the effects of available fault currents without contact welding.

6.7.2.2.4 Automatic Transfer Switch. Transfer of all loads shall be accomplished using an automatic

transfer switch(es). Each automatic transfer switch of 600 V or less shall be listed for the purpose and

approved for emergency electrical service (seeNFPA 70, National Electrical Code, Article 700.3) as a

complete assembly.

6.7.2.2.5 Automatic Transfer Switch Features.

6.7.2.2.5.1 Source Monitoring.

6.7.2.2.5.1.1* Undervoltage-sensing devices shall be provided to monitor all ungrounded lines of the

primary source of power as follows:

(1) When the voltage on any phase falls below the minimum operating voltage of any load to

be served, the transfer switch shall automatically initiate engine start and the process of

35

transfer to the emergency power supply (EPS).

(2) *When the voltage on all phases of the primary source returns to within specified limits for

a designated period of time, the process of transfer back to primary power shall be initiated.

[110:6.2.2.1]

6.7.2.2.5.1.2 Both voltage-sensing and frequency-sensing equipment shall be provided to monitor

one ungrounded line of the EPS. [110:6.2.2.2]

6.7.2.2.5.1.3 Transfer to the EPS shall be inhibited until the voltage and frequency are within a

specified range to handle loads to be served. [110:6.2.2.3]

6.7.2.2.5.1.4 Sensing equipment shall not be required in the transfer switch, provided it is included

with the engine control panel. [110:6.2.2.3.1]

6.7.2.2.5.1.5

6.7.2.2.5.1.6 Frequency-sensing equipment shall not be required for monitoring the public utility

source where used as an EPS, as permitted by 5.1.3 of NFPA 110. [110:6.2.2.3.2]

6.7.2.2.5.2 Interlocking. Mechanical interlocking or an approved alternate method shall prevent the

inadvertent interconnection of the primary power supply and the EPS, or any two separate sources of

power. [110:6.2.3]

6.7.2.2.5.3* Manual Operation. Instruction and equipment shall be provided for safe manual

nonelectric transfer in the event the transfer switch malfunctions. [110:6.2.4]

6.7.2.2.5.4* Time Delay on Starting of EPS. A time-delay device shall be provided to delay starting of the

EPS. The timer shall prevent nuisance starting of the EPS and possible subsequent load transfer in the

event of harmless momentary power dips and interruptions of the primary source. [110:6.2.5]

6.7.2.2.5.5 Time Delay at Engine Control Panel. Time delays shall be permitted to be located at the

engine control panel in lieu of in the transfer switches. [110:6.2.6]

6.7.2.2.5.6 Time Delay on Transfer to EPS. An adjustable time-delay device shall be provided to delay

transfer and sequence load transfer to the EPS to avoid excessive voltage drop when the transfer switch

is installed for Level 1 use. [110:6.2.7]

6.7.2.2.5.6.1 Time Delay Commencement. The time delay shall commence when proper EPS voltage

and frequency are achieved. [110:6.2.7.1]

6.7.2.2.5.6.2 Time Delay at Engine Control Panel. Time delays shall be permitted to be located at the

engine control panel in lieu of in the transfer switches. [110:6.2.7.2]

6.7.2.2.5.7* Time Delay on Retransfer to Primary Source. An adjustable time-delay device with

automatic bypass shall be provided to delay retransfer from the EPS to the primary source of power, and

allow the primary source to stabilize before retransfer of the load. [110:6.2.8]

6.7.2.2.5.8 Time Delay Bypass If EPS Fails. The time delay shall be automatically bypassed if the EPS fails.

[110:6.2.9]

36

6.7.2.2.5.8.1 The transfer switch shall be permitted to be programmed for a manually initiated

retransfer to the primary source to provide for a planned momentary interruption of the load.

[110:6.2.9.1]

6.7.2.2.5.8.2 If used, the arrangement in 6.2.9.1 of NFPA 110 shall be provided with a bypass feature

to allow automatic retransfer in the event that the EPS fails and the primary source is available.

6.7.2.2.5.9 A minimum time delay of 5 minutes shall be provided for unloaded running of the EPS prior

to shutdown to allow for engine cooldown. [110:6.2.10]

6.7.2.2.5.9.1 The minimum 5-minute delay shall not be required on small (15 kW or less) air-cooled

prime movers. [110:6.2.10.1]

6.7.2.2.5.9.2 A time-delay device shall not be required, provided it is included with the engine control

panel, or if a utility feeder is used as an EPS. [110:6.2.10.2]

6.7.2.2.5.10 Engine Generator Exercising Timer. A program timing device shall be provided to exercise

the EPS as described in Chapter 8 of NFPA 110. [110:6.2.11]

6.7.2.2.5.10.1 Transfer switches shall transfer the connected load to the EPS and immediately return

to primary power automatically in case of the EPS failure. [110:6.2.11.1]

6.7.2.2.5.10.2 Exercising timers shall be permitted to be located at the engine control panel in lieu of

in the transfer switches. [110:6.2.11.2]

6.7.2.2.5.10.3 A program timing device shall not be required in health care facilities that provide

scheduled testing in accordance with NFPA 99, Health Care Facilities Code. [110:6.2.11.3]

6.7.2.2.5.11 Test Switch. A test means shall be provided on each automatic transfer switch (ATS) that

simulates failure of the primary power source and then transfers the load to the EPS. [110:6.2.12]

6.7.2.2.5.12* Indication of Transfer Switch Position. Two pilot lights with identification nameplates or

other approved position indicators shall be provided to indicate the transfer switch position.

[110:6.2.13]

6.7.2.2.5.13 Motor Load Transfer. Provisions shall be included to reduce currents resulting from motor

load transfer if such currents could damage EPSS equipment or cause nuisance tripping of EPSS

overcurrent protective devices. [110:6.2.14]

6.7.2.2.5.14* Isolation of Neutral Conductors. Provisions shall be included for ensuring continuity,

transfer, and isolation of the primary and the EPS neutral conductors wherever they are separately

grounded to achieve ground-fault sensing. [110:6.2.15]

6.7.2.2.5.15* Nonautomatic Transfer Switch Features. Switching devices shall be mechanically held and

shall be operated by direct manual or electrical remote manual control. [110:6.2.16]

6.7.2.2.5.15.1 Interlocking. Reliable mechanical interlocking, or an approved alternate method, shall

prevent the inadvertent interconnection of the primary power source and the EPS. [110:6.2.16.1]

6.7.2.2.5.15.2 Indication of Switch Position. Two pilot lights with identification nameplates, or other

approved position indicators, shall be provided to indicate the switch position. [110:6.2.16.2]

37

6.7.2.2.6 Nonautomatic Transfer Device Classification. Nonautomatic transfer devices of 600 V or less

shall be listed for the purpose and approved.

6.7.2.2.7 Nonautomatic Transfer Device Features.

6.7.2.2.7.1 General. Switching devices shall be mechanically held and shall be operated by direct

manual or electrical remote manual control. [110:6.2.16]

6.7.2.2.7.2 Interlocking. Reliable mechanical interlocking, or an approved alternate method, shall

prevent the inadvertent interconnection of the primary power source and the EPS. [110:6.2.16.1]

6.7.2.2.7.3 Indication of Switch Position. Two pilot lights with identification nameplates, or other

approved position indicators, shall be provided to indicate the switch position. [110:6.2.16.2]

6.7.2.2.8 Bypass and Isolating Transfer Switches. Bypass-isolation switches shall be permitted for

bypassing and isolating the transfer switch and installed in accordance with 6.4.2,6.4.3, and 6.4.4 of

NFPA 110. [110:6.4.1]

6.7.2.2.8.1 Bypass-Isolation Switch Rating. The bypass-isolation switch shall have a continuous current

rating and a current rating compatible with that of the associated transfer switch. [110:6.4.2]

6.7.2.2.8.2 Bypass-Isolation Switch Classification. Each bypass-isolation switch shall be listed for

emergency electrical service as a completely factory-assembled and factory-tested apparatus.

[110:6.4.3]

6.7.2.2.8.3* Operation. With the transfer switch isolated or disconnected, the bypass-isolation switch

shall be designed so it can function as an independent nonautomatic transfer switch and allow the load

to be connected to either power source. [110:6.4.4]

6.7.2.2.8.4 Reconnection of Transfer Switch. Reconnection of the transfer switch shall be possible

without a load interruption greater than the maximum time, in seconds, specified by the type of system.

[110:6.4.5]

6.7.2.3 Branches.

6.7.2.3.1 The division between the branches shall occur at transfer switches where more than one

transfer switch is required.

6.7.2.3.2 Each branch shall be arranged for connection, within time limits specified in this chapter, to an

alternate source of power following a loss of the normal source.

6.7.2.3.3 The number of transfer switches to be used shall be based upon reliability, design, and load

considerations.

6.7.2.3.3.1 Each branch of the essential electrical system shall have one or more transfer switches.

6.7.2.3.3.2 One transfer switch shall be permitted to serve one or more branches in a facility with a

continuous load on the switch of 150 kVA (120 kW) or less.

6.7.2.3.4 Feeders from Alternate Source.

38

6.7.2.3.4.1 A single feeder supplied by a local or remote alternate source shall be permitted to supply

the essential electrical system to the point at which the life safety, critical, and equipment branches are

separated.

6.7.2.3.4.2 Installation of the transfer equipment shall be permitted at other than the location of the

alternate source.

6.7.2.3.5 Receptacles. The requirements for receptacles shall comply with 6.7.1.2.3.5(A), 6.7.1.2.3.5(B),

and 6.7.1.2.3.5(C).

(A) The number of receptacles on a single branch circuit for areas described in 6.4.2.2.4.2(8) shall be

minimized to limit the effects of a branch-circuit outage.

(B) Branch-circuit overcurrent devices shall be readily accessible to authorized personnel.

(C)* The electrical receptacles or the cover plates for the electrical receptacles supplied from the life

safety and critical branches shall have a distinctive color or marking so as to be readily identifiable.

6.7.2.3.6 Switches. Switches of all types shall be permitted in the lighting circuits connected to the

essential electrical system that do not serve as the illumination of egress as required by NFPA 101, Life

Safety Code.

6.7.2.3.7 Secondary circuits of transformer-powered communication or signaling systems shall not be

required to be enclosed in raceways unless otherwise specified by Chapters 7 or 8 of NFPA 70, National

Electrical Code.

6.7.3 Performance Criteria and Testing

6.7.3.1 Transfer Switches.

6.7.3.1 All ac-powered support and accessory equipment necessary to the operation of the EPS shall be

supplied from the load side of the automatic transfer switch(es), or the output terminals of the EPS,

ahead of the main EPS overcurrent protection, as necessary, to ensure continuity of the EPSS operation

and performance. [110:7.12.5]

6.7.3.2 The essential electrical system shall be served by the normal power source, except when the

normal power source is interrupted or drops below a predetermined voltage level. Settings of the

sensors shall be determined by careful study of the voltage requirements of the load.

6.7.3.3 Failure of the normal source shall automatically start the alternate source generator after a short

delay, as described in 6.4.2.1.5.4. When the alternate power source has attained a voltage and

frequency that satisfies minimum operating requirements of the essential electrical system, the load

shall be connected automatically to the alternate power source.

6.7.3.4 Upon connection of the alternate power source, the loads comprising the life safety and critical

branches shall be automatically re-energized. The load comprising the equipment system shall be

connected either automatically after a time delay, as described in 6.4.2.1.5.6, or nonautomatically and in

such a sequential manner as not to overload the generator.

6.7.3.5 When the normal power source is restored, and after a time delay, as described in 6.4.2.1.5.7,

the automatic transfer switches shall disconnect the alternate source of power and connect the loads to

39

the normal power source. The alternate power source generator set shall continue to run unloaded for a

preset time delay, as described in 6.4.2.1.5.9.

6.7.1.3.6 If the emergency power source fails and the normal power source has been restored,

retransfer to the normal source of power shall be immediate, bypassing the retransfer delay timer.

6.7.1.3.7 If the emergency power source fails during a test, provisions shall be made to immediately

retransfer to the normal source.

6.7.1.3.8 Nonautomatic transfer switching devices shall be restored to the normal power source as soon

as possible after the return of the normal source or at the discretion of the operator.

6.7.1.4 Administration (Type 1 EES).

6.7.1.4.1 Maintenance and Testing of Essential Electrical System.

6.7.1.4.1.1 Maintenance and Testing of Alternate Power Source and Transfer Switches.

6.7.1.4.1.1.1 Maintenance of Alternate Power Source. The generator set or other alternate power

source and associated equipment, including all appurtenance parts, shall be so maintained as to be

capable of supplying service within the shortest time practicable and within the 10-second interval

specified in 6.4.1.1.11 and 6.4.3.1.

.7.1.4.1.1.2 The 10-second criterion shall not apply during the monthly testing of an essential electrical

system. If the 10-second criterion is not met during the monthly test, a process shall be provided to

annually confirm the capability of the life safety and critical branches to comply with 6.4.3.1.

6.7.1.4.1.1.3 Maintenance shall be performed in accordance with NFPA 110, Standard for Emergency

and Standby Power Systems, Chapter 8.

6.7.1.4.1.1.4 Inspection and Testing. Criteria, conditions, and personnel requirements shall be in

accordance with 6.7.1.4.1.1.4(A) through 6.7.1.4.1.1.4(C).

(A)* Test Criteria. Generator sets shall be tested 12 times a year, with testing intervals of not less than

20 days nor more than 40 days. Generator sets serving essential electrical systems shall be tested in

accordance with NFPA 110, Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems, Chapter 8.

(B) Test Conditions. The scheduled test under load conditions shall include a complete simulated cold

start and appropriate automatic and manual transfer of all essential electrical system loads.

(C) Test Personnel. The scheduled tests shall be conducted by competent personnel to keep the

machines ready to function and, in addition, serve to detect causes of malfunction and to train

personnel in operating procedures.

6.7.1.4.1.2 Maintenance and Testing of Circuitry.

6.7.1.4.1.2.1* Circuit Breakers. Main and feeder circuit breakers shall be inspected annually, and a

program for periodically exercising the components shall be established according to manufacturer’s

recommendations.

40

6.7.4.1.2.2 Insulation Resistance. The resistance readings of main feeder insulation shall be taken prior

to acceptance and whenever damage is suspected.

6.7.4.1.2.3 Maintenance of Batteries. Batteries for on-site generators shall be maintained in

accordance with NFPA 110, Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems.

6.7.4.2 Record Keeping. A written record of inspection, performance, exercising period, and repairs shall

be regularly maintained and available for inspection by the authority having jurisdiction.

6.7.5 Type 1 Essential Electrical System Requirements

6.7.5.1 Branches

6.7.5.1.1 The essential electrical system shall be divided into the following three branches:

(1) Life safety

(2) Critical

(3) Equipment

6.7.5.1.2 Life Safety Branch.

6.7.5.1.2.1 For the purposes of this code, the provisions for emergency systems in Article 700 of NFPA

70, National Electrical Code, shall be applied only to the life safety branch.

6.7.5.1.2.2 The following portions of Article 700 of NFPA 70 shall be amended as follows:

(A) 700.4 shall not apply.

(B) 700.10 (D) (1) through (3) shall not apply.

(C) 700.17 Branch Circuits for Emergency Lighting. Branch circuits that supply emergency lighting

shall be installed to provide service from a source complying with 700.12 when the normal supply for

lighting is interrupted or where single circuits supply luminaires containing secondary batteries.

(D) 700.28 shall not apply.

6.7.5.1.2.3 The life safety branch shall be limited to circuits essential to life safety.

6.7.5.1.2.4 The life safety branch shall supply power as follows:

(1) Illumination of means of egress in accordance with NFPA 101, Life Safety Code

(2) Exit signs and exit directional signs in accordance with NFPA 101, Life Safety Code

(3) *Hospital communications systems, where used for issuing instruction during emergency

conditions

41

(4) Generator set location as follows:

(a) Task illumination

(b) Battery charger for emergency battery-powered lighting unit(s)

(c) Select receptacles at the generator set location and essential electrical system transfer

switch locations

(5) Elevator cab lighting, control, communications, and signal systems

(6) Electrically powered doors used for building egress

(7) Fire alarms and auxiliary functions of fire alarm combination systems complying with NFPA

72, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code

6.7.5.1.2.5 Alarm and alerting systems (other than fire alarm systems) shall be connected to the life

safety branch or critical branch.

6.7.5.1.2.6 Loads dedicated to a specific generator, including the fuel transfer pump(s), ventilation

fans, electrically operated louvers, controls, cooling system, and other generator accessories essential

for generator operation, shall be connected to the life safety branch or the output terminals of the

generator with overcurrent protective devices.

6.7.5.1.2.7 No functions other than those in 6.4.2.2.3.2, 6.4.2.2.3.3, and 6.4.2.2.3.4 shall be

connected to the life safety branch, except as specifically permitted in 6.4.2.2.3.

6.7.5.1.3* Critical Branch.

6.7.5.1.3.1 The critical branch shall be permitted to be subdivided into two or more branches.

6.7.5.1.3.2 The critical branch shall supply power for task illumination, fixed equipment, select

receptacles, and select power circuits serving the following spaces and functions related to patient care:

(1) Critical care spaces that utilize anesthetizing gases, task illumination, select receptacles, and

fixed equipment

(2) Isolated power systems in special environments

(3) Task illumination and select receptacles in the following:

42

(a) Patient care spaces, including infant nurseries, selected acute nursing areas, psychiatric bed

areas (omit receptacles), and ward treatment rooms

(b) Medication preparation spaces

(c) Pharmacy dispensing spaces

(d) Nurses’ stations (unless adequately lighted by corridor luminaires)

(4) Additional specialized patient care task illumination and receptacles, where needed

(5) Nurse call systems

(6) Blood, bone, and tissue banks

(7) *Telephone equipment rooms and closets

(8) Task illumination, select receptacles, and select power circuits for the following areas:

(a) General care beds with at least one duplex receptacle per patient bedroom, and task

illumination as required by the governing body of the health care facility

(b) Angiographic labs

(c) Cardiac catheterization labs

(d) Coronary care units

(e) Hemodialysis rooms or areas

(f) Emergency room treatment areas (select)

(g) Human physiology labs

43

(h) Intensive care units

(i) Postoperative recovery rooms (select)

(9) Additional task illumination, receptacles, and select power circuits needed for effective

facility operation, including single-phase fractional horsepower motors, which are permitted to

be connected to the critical branch

6.7.5.1.4 Equipment Branch.

6.7.5.1.4.1 General. The equipment branch shall be connected to equipment described in 6.4.2.2.5.3

through 6.4.2.2.5.4.

6.7.5.1.4.2 Connection to Alternate Power Source.

6.7.5.1.4.2.1 The equipment branch shall be installed and connected to the alternate power source, such

that equipment described in 6.4.2.2.5.3 is automatically restored to operation at appropriate time-lag

intervals following the energizing of the life safety and critical branches.

6.7.5.1.4.2.2 The arrangement of the connection to the alternate power source shall also provide for the

subsequent connection of equipment described in 6.4.2.2.5.4.

6.7.5.1.4.3* Equipment for Delayed-Automatic Connection.

6.7.5.1.4.3.1 The following equipment shall be permitted to be arranged for delayed-automatic

connection to the alternate power source:

(1) Central suction systems serving medical and surgical functions, including controls, with such

suction systems permitted to be placed on the critical branch

(2) Sump pumps and other equipment required to operate for the safety of major apparatus,

including associated control systems and alarms

(3) Compressed air systems serving medical and surgical functions, including controls, with

such air systems permitted to be placed on the critical branch

(4) Smoke control and stair pressurization systems

(5) Kitchen hood supply or exhaust systems, or both, if required to operate during a fire in or

under the hood

(6) Supply, return, and exhaust ventilating systems for the following:

44

(a) Airborne infectious/isolation rooms

b) Protective environment rooms

(c) Exhaust fans for laboratory fume hoods

(d) Nuclear medicine areas where radioactive material is used

(e) Ethylene oxide evacuation

(f) Anesthetic evacuation

6.7.5.1.4.3.2 Where delayed-automatic connection is not appropriate, the ventilation systems specified

in 6.4.2.2.5.3(A)(6) shall be permitted to be placed on the critical branch.

6.7.5.1.4.4* Equipment for Delayed-Automatic or Manual Connection. The following equipment shall be

permitted to be arranged for either delayed-automatic or manual connection to the alternate power

source (also see A.6.4.2.2.5.3):

(1) Heating equipment used to provide heating for operating, delivery, labor, recovery,

intensive care, coronary care, nurseries, infection/isolation rooms, emergency treatment spaces,

and general patient rooms; and pressure maintenance (jockey or make-up) pump(s) for water-

based fire protection systems

(2) *Heating of general patient rooms during disruption of the normal source shall not be

required under any of the following conditions:

(a) Outside design temperature is higher than -6.7°C (+20°F)

(b) Outside design temperature is lower than -6.7°C (+20°F), where a selected room(s) is

provided for the needs of all confined patients [then only such room(s) need be heated].

(3) Elevator(s) selected to provide service to patient, surgical, obstetrical, and ground floors

during

(4) Supply, return, and exhaust ventilating systems for surgical and obstetrical delivery suites,

intensive care, coronary care, nurseries, and emergency treatment spaces

(5) Hyperbaric facilities

45

(6) Hypobaric facilities

(7) Autoclaving equipment, which is permitted to be arranged for either automatic or manual

connection to the alternate source

(8) Controls for equipment listed in 6.4.2.2.4

(9) *Other selected equipment

6.7.5.1.5 Generator load-shed circuits designed for the purpose of load reduction or for load priority

systems shall not shed life safety branch loads, critical branch loads serving critical care areas, medical

air compressors, medical–surgical vacuum pumps, fire pumps, the pressure maintenance (jockey)

pump(s) for water-based fire protection systems, generator fuel pumps, or other generator accessories.

6.7.5.2 Wiring Requirements.

6.7.5.2.1* Separation from Other Circuits. The life safety branch and critical branch shall be kept

independent of all other wiring and equipment.

6.7.5.2.2 Mechanical Protection of the Life Safety and Critical Branches. The wiring of the life safety and

critical branches shall be mechanically protected by raceways, as defined in NFPA 70, National Electrical

Code.

6.7.5.2.3 Flexible power cords of appliances or other utilization equipment connected to the life safety

and critical branches shall not be required to be enclosed in raceways.

6.7.5.3 Performance Criteria and Testing (Type 1 EES)

6.7.5.3.1 Source. The life safety and critical branches shall be installed and connected to the alternate

power source specified in 6.4.1.1.4 and 6.4.1.1.5 so that all functions specified herein for the life safety

and critical branches are automatically restored to operation within 10 seconds after interruption of the

normal source.

6.7.6 Type 2 Essential Electrical System Requirements

6.5.1 Sources (Type 2 EES). The requirements for sources for Type 2 essential electrical systems shall

conform to those listed in 6.4.1.

6.5.2 Distribution (Type 2 EES).

6.5.2.1 General. The distribution requirements for Type 2 essential electrical systems shall conform to

those listed in 6.4.2.1.

6.5.2.1.1* Coordination.

6.5.2.1.1.1 Overcurrent protective devices serving the essential electrical system shall be

coordinated for the period of time that a fault’s duration extends beyond 0.1 second.

6.5.2.1.1.2 Coordination shall not be required as follows:

46

(1) Between transformer primary and secondary overcurrent protective devices, where only one

overcurrent protective device or set of overcurrent protective devices exists on the transformer

secondary

(2) Between overcurrent protective devices of the same size (ampere rating) in series

6.7.6.1 Branches

6.7.6.1.1 The number of transfer switches to be used shall be based upon reliability, design, and load

considerations.

6.7.6.1.2 The essential electrical system shall be divided into the following two branches:

(1) Life safety branch

(2) Equipment branch

6.7.6.1.3 Each branch of the essential electrical system shall have one or more transfer switches.

6.7.6.1.4 One transfer switch shall be permitted to serve one or more branches in a facility with a

continuous load on the switch of 150 kVA (120 kW) or less.

6.7.6.1.5 Life Safety Branch.

6.7.6.1.5.1 For the purposes of this code, Article 700 shall only be applied to the life safety branch.

6.7.6.1.5.2 The following portions of Article 700 of NFPA 70 shall be amended as follows:

(A) 700.4 shall not apply.

(B) 700.10 (D) (1) through (3) shall not apply.

(C) 700.17 Branch Circuits for Emergency Lighting. Branch circuits that supply emergency lighting

shall be installed to provide service from a source complying with 700.12 when the normal supply for

lighting is interrupted or where single circuits supply luminaires containing secondary batteries.

(D) 700.28 shall not apply.

6.7.6.1.5.3 The life safety branch shall supply power as follows:



(3) Alarm and alerting systems, including the following:

(a) Fire alarms

47

(b) Alarms required for systems used for the piping of nonflammable medical gases as specified

in Chapter 5

(4) *Communications systems, where used for issuing instructions during emergency

conditions

(5) Sufficient lighting in dining and recreation areas to provide illumination to exit ways at a

minimum of 5 ft-candles

(6) Task illumination and select receptacles at the generator set location


6.7.6.1.5.4 No functions, other than those listed in 6.5.2.2.2.1(1) through 6.5.2.2.2.1(7), shall be

connected to the life safety.

6.7.6.1.6 Equipment Branch.

6.7.6.1.6.1 General.

6.7.6.1.6.1.1 The equipment branch shall be installed and connected to the alternate power source such

that equipment listed in 6.5.2.2.3.2 is automatically restored to operation at appropriate time-lag

intervals following the restoration of the life safety branch to operation.

6.7.6.1.6.1.2The equipment branch arrangement shall also provide for the additional connection of

equipment listed in 6.5.2.2.3.3.

6.7.6.1.6.2 AC Equipment for Nondelayed-Automatic Connection. Generator accessories including, but

not limited to, the transfer fuel pump, electrically operated louvers, and other generator accessories

essential for generator operation shall be arranged for automatic connection to the alternate power

source.

6.7.6.1.6.3 Delayed-Automatic Connections to Equipment Branch. The following equipment shall be

permitted to be connected to the equipment branch and shall be arranged for delayed-automatic

connection to the alternate power source:


(a) Patient care spaces

(b) Medication preparation spaces

(c) Pharmacy dispensing spaces

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(d) Nurses’ stations (unless adequately lighted by corridor luminaires)

(2) Supply, return, and exhaust ventilating systems for airborne infectious isolation rooms

(3) Sump pumps and other equipment required to operate for the safety of major apparatus

and associated control systems and alarms

(4) Smoke control and stair pressurization systems

(5) Kitchen hood supply or exhaust systems, or both, if required to operate during a fire in or

under the hood


6.7.6.1.6.4* Delayed-Automatic or Manual Connections to Equipment Branch. The equipment in

6.7.6.1.6.4(A) and 6.7.3.1.6.4(B) shall be permitted to be connected to the equipment branch and shall

be arranged for either delayed-automatic or manual connection to the alternate power source.

(A) Heating Equipment to Provide Heating for General Patient Rooms. Heating of general patient rooms

during disruption of the normal source shall not be required under any of the following conditions:

(1) *The outside design temperature is higher than −6.7°C (+20°F).

(2) The outside design temperature is lower than −6.7°C (+20°F) and, where a selected room(s)

is provided for the needs of all confined patients, then only such room(s) need be heated.

(3) The facility is served by a dual source of normal power. See A.6.4.1.1.1 for more

information.

(B)* Elevator Service. In instances where interruptions of power would result in elevators stopping

between floors, throw-over facilities shall be provided to allow the temporary operation of any elevator

for the release of passengers.

(C) Optional Connections to the Equipment Branch. Additional illumination, receptacles, and equipment

shall be permitted to be connected only to the equipment branch.

(D) Multiple Systems. Where one switch serves multiple systems as permitted in 6.5.2.2, transfer for all

loads shall be nondelayed automatic.

6.7.6.2 Wiring Requirements.

6.7.6.2.1* Separation from Other Circuits. The life safety and equipment branches shall be kept entirely

independent of all other wiring and equipment.

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6.7.6.2.2* Receptacles. The electrical receptacles or the cover plates for the electrical receptacles

supplied from the life safety and equipment branches shall have a distinctive color or marking so as to

be readily identifiable.

6.7.6.3 Performance Criteria and Testing (Type 2 EES).

6.7.6.3.1 Source. The life safety and equipment branches shall be installed and connected to the

alternate source of power specified in 6.4.1.1.4 and 6.4.1.1.5 so that all functions specified herein for

the life safety and equipment branches are automatically restored to operation within 10 seconds after

interruption of the normal source.

6.5.3.2 Transfer Switches. The essential electrical system shall be served by the normal power source

until the normal power source is interrupted or drops below a predetermined voltage level. Settings of

the sensors shall be determined by careful study of the voltage requirements of the load.

6.5.3.2.1 Failure of the normal source shall automatically start the alternate source generator after a

short delay, as described in 6.4.2.1.5.4. When the alternate power source has attained a voltage and

frequency that satisfies minimum operating requirements of the essential electrical system, the load

shall be connected automatically to the alternate power source.

6.5.3.2.2 All ac-powered support and accessory equipment necessary to the operation of the EPS shall

be supplied from the load side of the automatic transfer switch(es), or the output terminals of the EPS,

ahead of the main EPS overcurrent protection to ensure continuity of the EPSS operation and

performance. [110:7.12.5]

6.5.3.2.3 Upon connection of the alternate power source, the loads comprising the life safety and

equipment branches shall be automatically re-energized. The loads comprising the equipment branch

shall be connected either automatically after a time delay, as described in 6.4.2.1.5.6, or

nonautomatically and in such a sequential manner as not to overload the generator.

6.5.3.2.4 When the normal power source is restored, and after a time delay as described in 6.4.2.1.5.7,

the automatic transfer switches shall disconnect the alternate source of power and connect the loads to

the normal power source. The alternate power source generator set shall continue to run unloaded for a

preset time delay as described in 6.4.2.1.5.9.

6.5.3.2.5 If the emergency power source fails and the normal power source has been restored,

retransfer to the normal source of power shall be immediate, bypassing the retransfer delay timer.

6.5.3.2.6 If the emergency power source fails during a test, provisions shall be made to immediately

retransfer to the normal source.

6.5.3.2.7 Nonautomatic transfer switching devices shall be restored to the normal power source as soon

as possible after the return of the normal source or at the discretion of the operator.

6.5.4 Administration (Type 2 EES).

6.5.4.1 Maintenance and Testing of Essential Electrical System.

6.5.4.1.1 Maintenance and Testing of Alternate Power Source and Transfer Switches.

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6.5.4.1.1.1 Maintenance of Alternate Power Source. The generator set or other alternate power source

and associated equipment, including all appurtenance parts, shall be so maintained as to be capable of

supplying service within the shortest time practicable and within the 10-second interval specified in

6.4.1.1.8 and 6.4.3.1.

6.5.4.1.1.2 Inspection and Testing. Generator sets shall be inspected and tested in accordance with

6.4.4.1.1.4.

6.5.4.1.2 Maintenance and Testing of Circuitry. Circuitry shall be maintained and tested in accordance

with 6.4.4.1.2.

6.5.4.1.3 Maintenance of Batteries. Batteries shall be maintained in accordance with 6.4.4.1.3.

6.5.4.2 Record Keeping. A written record of inspection, performance, exercising period, and repairs shall

be regularly maintained and available for inspection by the authority having jurisdiction.

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Public Input No. 284-NFPA 99-2015 [ New Section after 3.3.22 ]

3.3.22* Clinical IT-Network

An information technology video, voice and data communication network which is dedicated for shared use by medical devices, nurse call, clinicalinformation systems, patient critical applications, and clinical wireless communication equipment all of which are managed in accordance with aconforming risk management standard by the responsible organization.

A.3.3.2.2

A clinical IT-network comprises the servers, switches, routers and voice and data communications equipment which are employed to transport patientcritical clinical data, information and staff communications over a shared interoperable IT network infrastructure.



NEMA_-_NFPA_99_Public_Input.docx Full NEMA PI Proposal ✓


As the clinical environment becomes more and more automated, integrated and evolved, there is a need for the NFPA 99 code to establish a framework of requirements for a shared interoperable clinical IT-network. Doing so will institute the necessary electrical safety and risk management provisions that can have direct benefit on patient and clinician safety. There is a need for the NFPA 99 code to establish and define the infrastructure requirements for a clinical IT-network, which is dedicated for use by clinicians and patients. Such a network comprises the servers, switches, routers (etc.) and voice and data communications equipment which are used to transport clinical data and information over a shared IT network infrastructure. Defining the requirements for a Clinical IT network in the NFPA 99 Code will ensure patient and staff safety, safe system operation, overall system effectiveness, and data and system security of personal information and clinical use data which can be transported on the clinical IT network.

Related Public Inputs for This Document

Related Input Relationship

Public Input No. 285-NFPA 99-2015 [Section No. 6.4.2.2.4.2] Defintition: Clinical IT-Network

Public Input No. 288-NFPA 99-2015 [Section No. 7.3.3.5] Definition: Clinical IT-Network



Public Input No. 293-NFPA 99-2015 [Section No. 7.4.3.7] Definition: Clincial IT-Network


Submitter Full Name: VINCE BACLAWSKI

Organization: NEMA

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Tue Jun 30 10:48:09 EDT 2015


1 of 1 7/8/2015 11:35 AM

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Public Comment Statement:

As the clinical environment becomes more and more automated, integrated and evolved, there is a need for the NFPA 99 code to establish a framework of requirements

for a shared interoperable clinical IT-network. Doing so will institute the necessary electrical safety and risk management provisions that can have direct benefit on patient

and clinician safety. The proposals below establish the requirements to properly institute a clinical IT-network infrastructure for the purposes of integrating the required

nurse call system with an optional wireless communication system in a shared clinical interoperable environment.

Clause NFPA 99 / NEMA Public Comment

Proposal for 2018 Edition Rationale

3.3.22*

Clinical IT-network. An information technology video, voice and data communication network which is dedicated for shared use by medical devices, nurse call, clinical information systems, patient critical applications, and clinical wireless communication equipment all of which are managed in accordance with a conforming risk management standard by the responsible organization.

There is a need for the NFPA 99 code to establish and define the infrastructure requirements for a clinical IT-network, which is dedicated for use by clinicians and patients. Such a network comprises the servers, switches, routers (etc.) and voice and data communications equipment which are used to transport clinical data and information over a shared IT network infrastructure. Defining the requirements for a Clinical IT network in the NFPA 99 Code will ensure patient and staff safety, safe system operation, overall system effectiveness, and data and system security of personal information and clinical use data which can be transported on the clinical IT network.

A.3.3.22 A clinical IT-network comprises the servers, switches, routers and voice and data communications equipment which are employed to transport patient critical clinical data, information and staff communications over a shared interoperable IT network infrastructure.

6.4.2.2.4.2 (10)* Clinical IT-network equipment

See A.6.4.2.2.4.2(10)

A.6.4.2.2.4.2(10) The servers and IT networking equipment comprising the clinical IT-network need to be powered by the critical branch. To ensure patient and staff safety, safe system operation, overall systems effectiveness, and data and systems security of personal information and clinical use data, the clinical IT network needs to be managed in accordance with ANSI-AAMI-IEC 80001-1 Application of risk management for IT-networks incorporating medical devices – Part 1: Roles, responsibilities and activities. (See 7.3.3.7) When the clinical IT-network employs wireless networking equipment, the ANSI-AAMI-IEC TIR 80001-2-3 Application of risk management for IT-networks incorporating medical devices – Part 2-3: Guidance for wireless networks, needs to be applied and followed.

6.4.2.2.4.3 (11)* Wireless phone and paging equipment for a clinical distributed alarm system

See A.6.4.2.2.4.3(11)

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A.6.4.2.2.4.3(11) Wireless phone and paging equipment which are integrated with the nurse call system or with a shared interoperable clinical IT-network, for the purposes of performing distributed alarm system communications in accordance with ANSI-AAMI-IEC TIR 80001-2-5 Application of risk management for IT-networks incorporating medical devices – Part 2-5: Guidance on distributed alarm systems, need to be powered by the critical branch. (See 7.3.3.5)

7.3.3.5 Wireless Phone and Paging Integration. (Reserved)

7.3.3.5.1 General. Wireless phone and paging systems which are integrated with the nurse call system or with a shared interoperable clinical IT-network shall provide NRTL certified electrical safety and FCC certifications which are appropriate for the intended use.

See A.7.3.3.5.1

7.3.3.5.2* Wireless phone and paging systems which are integrated with the nurse call system or with a shared interoperable clinical IT-network and which are used for enhanced communication and notification of nurse call events or interoperable clinical alarm events, shall be managed and controlled in accordance with ANSI-AAMI-IEC 80001-1 Application of risk management for IT-networks incorporating medical devices – Part 1: Roles, responsibilities and activities.

See A.7.3.3.5.2

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A.7.3.3.5.2 Currently, no standard exists for the certification of a wireless communication system having the specific intended use as a clinical alarm communication and notification system. While desirable for enhancing clinical communications and optimizing clinical workflow, these types of communication systems have inherent reliability limitations. For example, there is no notification at a wireless pager when it is out of range for receiving messages and there is no alert at the central station that the communication device is unreachable or return confirmation that a message has been delivered or received. There may be manufacturers of FDA cleared medical equipment which can have wireless communication capabilities that have been third party NRTL tested to manufacturer specifications and which may be FDA cleared for a specific intended use. Such medical equipment would typically be certified to one or more ANSI-AAMI-IEC 60601 standards (e.g., 60601-1-1 General requirements for safety; 60601-1-2 Collateral standard for electromagnetic disturbances; 60601-1-8 Collateral standard for alarm systems, etc.) The responsible organization may also contract with a provider of communication equipment to integrate a wireless communication system with the nurse call system or with the clinical IT-network. But, such an integration would not be NRTL certified to any governing standard. Therefore, when a wireless communication system is integrated with the clinical IT-network and used as a clinical alarm notification and communication system, the risk management requirements established in ANSI-AAMI-IEC 80001-1 Application of risk management for IT-networks incorporating medical devices – Part 1: Roles, responsibilities and activities need to be necessarily followed and enacted by the responsible organization. Further in this context, the end-to-end system integration and its management need to also conform to the guidelines established in ANSI-AAMI-IEC TIR 80001-2-5 Application of risk management for IT-networks incorporating medical devices – Part 2-5: Guidance on distributed alarm systems.

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7.3.3.7 Clinical Information Systems. (Reserved)

7.3.3.7.1* General. The clinical IT-network shall be managed and controlled in accordance with ANSI-AAMI-IEC 80001-1 Application of risk management for IT-networks incorporating medical devices – Part 1: Roles, responsibilities and activities.

See A.7.3.3.7.1

(1) The overall responsibility for risk management of the clinical IT-network shall be that of the responsible organization.

See all of section 3 in 80001-1

(2) The responsible organization shall establish, maintain and be accountable for the clinical IT-network risk management file.

See section 3.1 in 80001-1

(3) Top management shall be accountable for all policies, resources and risk management processes as prescribed in the 80001-1 standard.

See section 3.3 and all of section 4 in 80001-1

(4) Top management shall appoint a clinical IT-network risk manager.

See section 3.4 in 80001-1

(5) The clinical IT-network risk manager shall be responsible for all duties and requirements as prescribed in the 80001-1 standard.

See sections 3.4 and all of section 4 in 80001-1

(6) Manufacturers for each device placed on the clinical IT-network shall provide all required documentation as prescribed in the 80001-1 standard.

See sections 3.5 and 3.6 in 80001-1

(7) Top management shall be accountable for document control and procedures as prescribed in the 80001-1 standard.

See section 5 in 80001-1

A.7.3.3.7.1

As the clinical environment becomes more and more automated, integrated and evolved, there is a need to ensure that the servers and networking equipment which transport interoperable clinical data over a clinical IT-network are properly instituted and sufficiently managed. The ANSI-AAMI-IEC 80001-1 standard for the risk management of IT-networks that incorporate medical devices is the governing standard by which a shared clinical IT-network needs to be managed.

7.3.3.7.2* It shall be permitted for the nurse call system to utilize the interoperable clinical IT-network provided that the nurse call system is listed to ANSI/UL 1069 Hospital Signaling and Nurse Call Equipment and certified for use in a “Shared Network” environment.

See A.7.3.3.7.2

A.7.3.3.7.2

While all nurse call systems need to be listed to ANSI/UL 1069, not all nurse call systems may be certified for use on a shared clinical IT-network. Only those nurse call systems which are listed for use on a “Shared Network” are permitted to use the clinical IT-network as the means of nurse call system IT-network infrastructure.

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7.3.3.7.3 The clinical IT-network shall provide at least two independent pathways where, the operational capability of each pathway to each device shall be verified through end-to-end communication. Exception: When only one single addressable device is served (e.g., an end-point terminal device with a single connection to the clinical IT-network, which is not part of the network infrastructure transporting clinical information between end points), only one pathway shall be required.

See A.7.3.3.7

A.7.3.3.7.3 To ensure an effective, reliable and resilient clinical IT-network, two independent physical pathways providing network communications need to be provided. Both paths need to be at operational readiness at all times. Operational readiness can be ensured by continuous self-monitoring of each path. All equipment items comprising each clinical IT-network path need to be verified for availability by means of communication. End point terminal equipment items (e.g., computers, monitors, discrete medical devices, discrete devices comprising the nurse call system, etc.), which are connected to but are not part of the clinical IT-network, only require one physical connection to the clinical IT-network. In the event of failure of the pathway to which the end point terminal equipment items are connected, switchover to the redundant clinical IT-network pathway can be accomplished via automatic or manual means.

Addresses NFPA resilience considerations.

7.3.3.7.4 The normal and redundant clinical IT-network pathways shall not be permitted to share traffic over the same physical segment.

This requirement is analogous to NFPA 72 (2013) requirement 12.3, for Class A, Class C and Class X circuits.

A.7.3.3.7.4 While each physical path of the clinical IT-network may comprise both hardwired and wireless IT-networking equipment, each path must maintain independent autonomous operational integrity. Network traffic on one path cannot be allowed to cross-over and utilize the equipment of the other path at any time.

7.3.3.7.5 Conditions that affect the operation of the normal and redundant clinical IT-network pathways shall be annunciated as a trouble signal, when minimal operational requirements cannot be met.

This requirement is analogous to NFPA 72 (2013) requirement 12.3.3 for Class C circuits.

7.3.3.7.6 Requirements for utilizing the independent network paths and monitoring the operational integrity of the clinical IT-network shall be established in the clinical IT-network risk management plan maintained by the responsible organization.

This requirement and it’s informative annex aligns with 80001-1 requirement 4.6.1, items a, b.

A.7.3.3.7.6 Examples for operational monitoring of the clinical IT-network includes but is not limited to the following:

a) Environment changes including risks associated with data and system security vulnerabilities;

b) Operational/performance feedback from both automated measurements and user feedback (e.g., speed problems, high error rates, equipment failure, malicious software attacks, etc.)

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7.3.3.7.7 If monitoring indicates actual or potential conditions causing an increased risk in the operation or performance of the clinical IT-network or, any component comprising the network, the event management process established by the responsible organization shall be initiated.

This requirement aligns with 80001-1 requirements 4.6.1.

7.3.3.7.8 The event management process for the clinical IT-network shall be documented by the responsible organization and include at least the following:

a) Switchover from one pathway to the other when deemed necessary; b) Record all negative events and remediation actions; c) Reporting of events, actions and findings by the clinical IT-network risk

manager; d) Evaluate events, reassess risks and propose appropriate changes through

change-release management processes; and, e) Track all corrective and preventive actions leading to closure.

This requirement aligns with 80001-1 requirements 4.6.1 and 4.6.2.


7.4.3.5.1 General. Wireless phone and paging integration systems shall be in accordance with 7.3.3.5.

7.4.3.7 Clinical Information Systems. (Reserved)

7.4.3.7.1 General. Clinical information systems shall be in accordance with 7.3.3.7.

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Public Input No. 359-NFPA 99-2015 [ Section No. 3.3.125 ]

3.3.125 Patient Bed Location.

The location of a patient sleeping bed, or the bed or procedure table of a critical care Category 1 space. (ELS)


The definition for Critical Care Area is covered in NFPA 99: 3.3.137 Patient Care Space and is designated as Category 1 Space. Any references in NFPA 99 to “Critical Care Area” should be changed to “Category 1 Space”.



Public Input No. 357-NFPA 99-2015 [Section No. 3.3.28]


Submitter Full Name: GARY BECKSTRAND

Organization: UTAH ELECTRICAL JATC

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Sun Jul 05 11:55:06 EDT 2015


1 of 1 7/8/2015 11:36 AM

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6.1.2

The following paragraphs of this chapter shall apply to new and existing health care facilities:

(1) 6.3.2.2. 1.2

(2) 6.3.2.2. 4.2

(3) 6.3.2.2.6.1

(4) 6.3.2.2.6.2(F)

(5) 6.3.2.2.8.5(B) (2)and (3)

(6) 6.3.2.2.8.7

(7) 6.3.4

(8) 6.4.1.1.18.7

(9) 6.4.2.2.6.2(C)

(10) 6.4.2.2.6.3

(11) 6.4.4

(12) 6.5.4


There are existing medical facilities built before 1990 that have operating rooms (Category 1 spaces) with no receptacles circuits originating directly from a normal power distribution system panel, but only circuits originating from critical branch panels served by the same critical branch automatic transfer switch. This violates the intent of NFPA-76A, NFPA-99 and NFPA-70, and creates a single point of failure. If all branch circuits in an operating room/space are served with critical power, then the critical branch panels serving the operating room/space must be served from separate critical branch automatic transfer switches.


Submitter Full Name: JAMES MEADE

Organization:

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Thu Jul 02 14:00:18 EDT 2015

National Fire Protection Association Report http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/ContentFetcher?commentPara...

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6.1.2


(1) 6.3.2.2.4.2

(2) 6.3.2.2.6.1

(3) 6.3.2.2.6.2(F)

(4) 6.3.2.2.8 .5(B) (2)and (3)

(5) 6.3.2.2.8.7

(6) 6.3.4

(7) 6.4.1.1.18.7

(8) 6.4.2.2.6.2(C)

(9) 6.4.2.2.6.3

(10) 6.4.4

(11) 6.5.4


Wet Procedure Locations have been recognized as hazardous locations requiring special protection for workers and patients for some time. The hazards of using electricity in areas where water is present as a matter of operations is well documented. OSHA requires construction to provide ground fault circuit interrupter protection for personnel. Articles 553, 555, and 680 of the National Electrical Code provide increased protections for Floating Buildings, Marinas and Boatyards, and Swimming Pools, Fountains and Similar Installations – all of which acknowledge and mitigate the special hazards associated with the use of line voltage electricity in a wet environment. These well-documented hazards imposed on hospital personnel and patients in health care facilities are not somehow abated because of the age of the building. Workers and patients should not be exposed to the hazards of line voltage electricity in a wet procedure location. When one considers these hazards can be mitigated with low cost, proven technology, such as ground fault circuit interrupters; it becomes prudent and right to provide proven protection for all Wet Procedure Locations found in any Health Care Facility.



Public Input No. 376-NFPA 99-2015 [Section No. 6.3.2.2.8.5]


Submitter Full Name: STEPHEN LIPSTER

Organization: THE ELECTRICAL TRADES CENTER

Affilliation: IBEW

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:



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6.1.2


(1) 6.3.2.2.4.2

(2) 6.3.2.2.6.1

(3) 6.3.2.2.6.2(F)

(4) 6.3.2.2.8.5(B) (2)and (3)

(5) 6.3.2.2.8.7

(6) 6.3. 2.2.11.5

(7) 6.3. 4

(8) 6.4.1.1.18.7

(9) 6.4.2.2.6.2(C)

(10) 6.4.2.2.6.3

(11) 6.4.4

(12) 6.5.4


Battery-powered lighting unit testing should be a retroactive requirement for existing facilities. The requirement in 6.3.2.2.11.5 is for monthly testing for 30 seconds and annual testing for 30 minutes. This is definitely a requirement that should apply to both new and existing facilities. Adding this requirement 6.1.2 makes it clear that this testing is required on existing facilities which is in line with testing requirements for other similar battery lighting systems as outlined in NFPA 70.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:



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Public Input No. 389-NFPA 99-2015 [ New Section after 6.2.3 ]

TITLE OF NEW CONTENT

6.2.4 (NEW) Location of Essential Electrical System Components.

Essential electrical system components shall be located to minimize interruptions caused by natural forces common to the area (e.g., storms,floods, earthquakes, or hazards created by adjoining structures or activities). Installations of electrical services shall be located to reduce possibleinterruption of normal electrical services resulting from similar causes as well as possible disruption of normal electrical service due to internalwiring and equipment failures. Feeders shall be located to provide physical separation of the feeders of the alternate source and from the feedersof the normal electrical source to prevent possible simultaneous interruption


Various recent Standards Council decisions have clearly established that NFPA 99, Health Care Facilities Code, is a performance code. These same Standards Council decisions have clearly established NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, as an installation code. This is consistent with each document’s published scope. With this clear delineation established, NFPA 99, a performance code, cannot modify NFPA 70, an installation code. This modification cannot occur because NFPA 99, as a performance code, does not have jurisdiction over installation elements found in NFPA 70, or any other NFPA installation code. For this reason, certain elements of NFPA 70 must be written in NFPA 99. NFPA 70: National Electrical Code 2014 517.35 (C) contains language similar to what is show above. This language should be contained in NFPA 99 as direction for location of essential electrical system components. This particular reference provides for design considerations protecting the essential electrical system that are critical for operation from both manmade and natural catastrophe. Recent natural weather events in the United States have exposed a design weakness in some facilities where redundant power was affected by flooding or other disasters effects. This provision will provide a reminder to all that location of power systems and fuel sources must not be affected by these events.



Public Input No. 390-NFPA 99-2015 [New Section after A.6.1]




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:



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6.3.1 Sources.

Each health care appliance requiring electrical line power for operation shall be supported by power sources that provide power adequate foreach service.

6.3.1.1 Power/Utility Company.

(Reserved)

6.3.1.2 On-Site Generator Set.

(Reserved)

6.3.1.3 Electrical design professionals shall design the electrical service to patient care areas with the understanding that the Essential PowerDistribution Syste m has the same potential for outages, faults, and overloads as Normal Power Distribution Systems . For these reasons,neither the electrical design professional, nor the medical staff, should ever consider a ‘Red Receptacles’ to be immune from outages, faults, oroverloads


A necessary design and operational consideration that could be placed here or carried into an annex or handbook item.


Submitter Full Name: MICHAEL ANTHONY

Organization: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN & University of Michigan Hospitals (James R. Harvey)

Affilliation: IEEE Education & Healthcare Faciities Committee

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:



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Public Input No. 447-NFPA 99-2015 [ Section No. 6.3.2.2 ]

6.3.2.2 All Patient Care Rooms. Areas

6.3.2.2.1*

Branch circuit wiring 600 V or less shall comply with the requirements in 6.3.2.2.1.1 through 6.3.2.2.1.4.

6.3.2.2.1.1* Circuits.

(A)

Branch circuits serving a given patient bed location shall be fed from not more than one normal branch-circuit distribution panel.

(B)

When required, branch circuits serving a given patient bed location shall be permitted to be fed from more than one critical branch-circuitdistribution panel.

6.3.2.2.1.2 Category 1 Spaces.

Category 1 spaces shall be served by circuits from a critical branch panel(s) served from a single automatic transfer switch and a minimum ofone circuit served by the normal power distribution system or by a system originating from a second critical branch automatic transfer switch.

6.3.2.2.1.3 Access to Overcurrent Protective Devices.

(A)

Only authorized personnel shall have access to overcurrent protective devices serving Category 1 and Category 2 spaces.

(B)

Overcurrent protective devices serving Category 1 and Category 2 spaces shall not be permitted to be located in public access spaces.

(C)

Where used in locations such as in Category 1 spaces, isolated power panels shall be permitted in those locations.

6.3.2.2.1.4 Special-Purpose Outlets.

Branch circuits serving only special-purpose outlets or receptacles (e.g., portable X-ray receptacles) shall not be required to conform to therequirements of 6.3.2.2.1.2.

6.3.2.2.2

Grounding requirements shall comply with the requirements in 6.3.2.2.2.1 through 6.3.2.2.2.4.

6.3.2.2.2.1 Grounding Circuitry Integrity.

Grounding circuits and conductors in patient care spaces shall be installed in such a way that the continuity of other parts of those circuits cannotbe interrupted nor the resistance raised above an acceptable level by the installation, removal, and replacement of any installed equipment,including power receptacles.

6.3.2.2.2.2 Reliability of Grounding.

The grounding conductor shall conform to NFPA 70, National Electrical Code.

6.3.2.2.2.3 Separate Grounding Conductor.

When existing construction does not have a separate grounding conductor, the continued use of the system shall be permitted, provided that itmeets the performance requirements in 6.3.3.1.

6.3.2.2.2.4 Metal Receptacle Boxes.

Where metal receptacle boxes are used, the performance of the connection between the receptacle grounding terminal and the metal box shallbe equivalent to the performance provided by copper wire no smaller than 12 AWG.

6.3.2.2.3* Grounding Interconnects.

In patient care spaces supplied by the normal distribution system and any branch of the essential electrical system, the grounding system of thenormal distribution system and that of the essential electrical system shall be interconnected.

6.3.2.2.4 Protection Against Ground Faults.

6.3.2.2.4.1* Equipment Protection.

The main and downstream ground-fault protective devices (where required) shall be coordinated as required in 6.3.2.5.

6.3.2.2.4.2 Personnel Protection.

If used, ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) shall be listed.

6.3.2.2.5

Low-voltage wiring shall comply with either of the following:

(1) Fixed systems of 30 V (dc or ac rms) or less shall be permitted to be ungrounded, provided that the insulation between each ungroundedconductor and the primary circuit, which is supplied from a conventionally grounded distribution system, is the same protection as requiredfor the primary voltage.

(2) A grounded low-voltage system shall be permitted, provided that load currents are not carried in the grounding conductors.

6.3.2.2.6 Receptacles.

6.3.2.2.6.1* Types of Receptacles.

(A)

Each power receptacle shall provide at least one separate, highly dependable grounding pole capable of maintaining low-contact resistance withits mating plug, despite electrical and mechanical abuse. The grounding terminal of each receptacle shall be connected to the referencegrounding point by means of an insulated copper equipment grounding conductor.

(B)

Special receptacles, such as the following, shall be permitted:

(1) Four-pole units providing an extra pole for redundant grounding or ground continuity monitoring


(3) Where required for reduction of electrical noise on the grounding circuit, receptacles in which the grounding terminals are purposelyinsulated from the receptacle yoke


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(C)

All single, duplex, or quadruplex type receptacles, or any combination thereof, located at patent bed locations in Category 1 spaces shall belisted hospital grade.

6.3.2.2.6.2 Minimum Number of Receptacles.

The number of receptacles shall be determined by the intended use of the spaces in accordance with 6.3.2.2.6.2(A) through 6.3.2.2.6.2(F).

(A)

Receptacles for Patient Bed Locations in Category 2 Spaces. Each patient bed location shall be provided with a minimum of eightreceptacles. They shall be permitted to be of the locking or nonlocking type, single, duplex, or quadruplex type, or any combination of the three.All receptacles shall be listed hospital grade.

(B)

Receptacles for Patient Bed Locations in Category 1 Spaces. Each patient bed location shall be provided with a minimum of 14 receptacles.They shall be permitted to be of the locking or nonlocking type, single, duplex, or quadruplex type, or any combination of the three. Allreceptacles shall be listed hospital grade.

(C)

Receptacles for Operating Rooms. Operating rooms shall be provided with a minimum of 36 receptacles. They shall be permitted to be of thelocking or nonlocking type, single, duplex, or quadruplex type, or any combination of the three. All receptacles shall be listed hospital grade.

(D)

Receptacles for Bathrooms or Toilets. Receptacles shall not be required in bathrooms or toilet rooms.

(E)

Receptacles for Special Rooms. Receptacles shall not be required in rooms where medical requirements mandate otherwise (e.g., certainpsychiatric, pediatric, or hydrotherapy rooms).

(F)

Designated Pediatric Locations. Receptacles that are located within the patient rooms, bathrooms, playrooms, and activity rooms of pediatricunits or spaces with similar risk as determined by the governing body, other than nurseries, shall be listed tamper-resistant or shall employ alisted tamper-resistant cover.

6.3.2.2.6.3 Polarity of Receptacles.

Each receptacle shall be wired in accordance with NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, to ensure correct polarity.

6.3.2.2.6.4 Other Services Receptacles.

Receptacles provided for other services having different voltages, frequencies, or types on the same premises shall be of such design thatattachment plugs and caps used in such receptacles cannot be connected to circuits of a different voltage, frequency, or type, but shall beinterchangeable within each classification and rating required for two-wire, 125-V, single-phase ac service.

6.3.2.2.7 Special Grounding.

6.3.2.2.7.1* Use of Isolated Ground Receptacles.

(A)

An isolated ground receptacle, if used, shall not defeat the purposes of the safety features of the grounding systems detailed herein.

(B)

An isolated ground receptacle shall not be installed within a patient care vicinity.

6.3.2.2.7.2 Patient Equipment Grounding Point.

A patient equipment grounding point comprising one or more grounding terminals or jacks shall be permitted in an accessible location in thepatient care vicinity.

6.3.2.2.7.3* Special Grounding in Patient Care Rooms.

In addition to the grounding required to meet the performance requirements of 6.3.3.1, additional grounding shall be permitted where specialcircumstances so dictate.

6.3.2.2.8 Wet Procedure Locations.

6.3.2.2.8.1*

Wet procedure locations shall be provided with special protection against electric shock.

6.3.2.2.8.2

This special protection shall be provided as follows:

(1) Power distribution system that inherently limits the possible ground-fault current due to a first fault to a low value, without interrupting thepower supply

(2) Power distribution system in which the power supply is interrupted if the ground-fault current does, in fact, exceed the trip value of a ClassA GFCI

6.3.2.2.8.3

Patient beds, toilets, bidets, and wash basins shall not be required to be considered wet procedure locations.

6.3.2.2.8.4*

Operating rooms shall be considered to be a wet procedure location, unless a risk assessment conducted by the health care governing bodydetermines otherwise.

6.3.2.2.8.5

In existing construction, the requirements of 6.3.2.2.8.1 shall not be required when a written inspection procedure, acceptable to the authorityhaving jurisdiction, is performed by a designated individual at the hospital to indicate that equipment grounding conductors for 120-V, single-phase, 15-A and 20-A receptacles; equipment connected by cord and plug; and fixed electrical equipment are installed and maintained inaccordance with NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, and the applicable performance requirements of this chapter.

(A)

The procedure shall include electrical continuity tests of all required equipment, grounding conductors, and their connections.

(B)

Fixed receptacles, equipment connected by cord and plug, and fixed electrical equipment shall be tested as follows:





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6.3.2.2.8.6

The use of an isolated power system (IPS) shall be permitted as a protective means capable of limiting ground-fault current without powerinterruption. When installed, such a power system shall conform to the requirements of 6.3.2.6.

6.3.2.2.8.7*

Operating rooms defined as wet procedure locations shall be protected by either isolated power or ground-fault circuit interrupters.

6.3.2.2.8.8

Where GFCI protection is used in an operating room, one of the following shall apply:



6.3.2.2.9 Isolated Power.

6.3.2.2.9.1

An isolated power system shall not be required to be installed in any patient care space, except as specified in 6.3.2.2.8.

6.3.2.2.9.2

The system shall be permitted to be installed where it conforms to the performance requirements specified in 6.3.2.6.

6.3.2.2.10 Essential Electrical Systems (EES).

6.3.2.2.10.1

Category 1 spaces shall be served only by a Type 1 EES.

6.3.2.2.10.2

Category 2 spaces shall be served by a Type 1 or Type 2 EES.

6.3.2.2.10.3

A Type I EES serving a Category 1 space shall be permitted to serve Category 2 spaces in the same facility.

6.3.2.2.10.4

Category 3 or Category 4 spaces shall not be required to be served by an EES.

6.3.2.2.11 Battery-Powered Lighting Units.

6.3.2.2.11.1

One or more battery-powered lighting units shall be provided within locations where deep sedation and general anesthesia is administered.

6.3.2.2.11.2

The lighting level of each unit shall be sufficient to terminate procedures intended to be performed within the operating room.

6.3.2.2.11.3

The sensor for units shall be wired to the branch circuit(s) serving general lighting within the room.

6.3.2.2.11.4

Units shall be capable of providing lighting for 1 1⁄2 hours.

6.3.2.2.11.5

Units shall be tested monthly for 30 seconds, and annually for 30 minutes.


Not all spaces for patient care are rooms. Pre-op or Post-op areas are an example.



Organization: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

Affilliation: IEEE Education & Healthcare Facilities Committee

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6.3.2.2 All Patient Care Rooms Spaces .

6.3.2.2.1*

Branch circuit wiring 600 V or less shall comply with the requirements in 6.3.2.2.1.1 through 6.3.2.2.1.4.

6.3.2.2.1.1* Circuits.

(A)


(B)


6.3.2.2.1.2 Category 1 Spaces.

Category 1 spaces shall be served by circuits from a critical branch panel(s) served from a single automatic transfer switch and a minimum ofone circuit served by the normal power distribution system or by a system originating from a second critical branch automatic transfer switch.

6.3.2.2.1.3 Access to Overcurrent Protective Devices.

(A)

Only authorized personnel shall have access to overcurrent protective devices serving Category 1 and Category 2 spaces.

(B)

Overcurrent protective devices serving Category 1 and Category 2 spaces shall not be permitted to be located in public access spaces.

(C)

Where used in locations such as in Category 1 spaces, isolated power panels shall be permitted in those locations.

6.3.2.2.1.4 Special-Purpose Outlets.

Branch circuits serving only special-purpose outlets or receptacles (e.g., portable X-ray receptacles) shall not be required to conform to therequirements of 6.3.2.2.1.2.

6.3.2.2.2

Grounding requirements shall comply with the requirements in 6.3.2.2.2.1 through 6.3.2.2.2.4.

6.3.2.2.2.1 Grounding Circuitry Integrity.

Grounding circuits and conductors in patient care spaces shall be installed in such a way that the continuity of other parts of those circuits cannotbe interrupted nor the resistance raised above an acceptable level by the installation, removal, and replacement of any installed equipment,including power receptacles.


The grounding conductor shall conform to NFPA 70, National Electrical Code.



6.3.2.2.2.4 Metal Receptacle Boxes.

Where metal receptacle boxes are used, the performance of the connection between the receptacle grounding terminal and the metal box shallbe equivalent to the performance provided by copper wire no smaller than 12 AWG.


In patient care spaces supplied by the normal distribution system and any branch of the essential electrical system, the grounding system of thenormal distribution system and that of the essential electrical system shall be interconnected.

6.3.2.2.4 Protection Against Ground Faults.

6.3.2.2.4.1* Equipment Protection.

The main and downstream ground-fault protective devices (where required) shall be coordinated as required in 6.3.2.5.

6.3.2.2.4.2 Personnel Protection.

If used, ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) shall be listed.

6.3.2.2.5

Low-voltage wiring shall comply with either of the following:

(1) Fixed systems of 30 V (dc or ac rms) or less shall be permitted to be ungrounded, provided that the insulation between each ungroundedconductor and the primary circuit, which is supplied from a conventionally grounded distribution system, is the same protection as requiredfor the primary voltage.

(2) A grounded low-voltage system shall be permitted, provided that load currents are not carried in the grounding conductors.



(A)


(B)






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(C)




(A)


(B)


(C)


(D)


(E)


(F)






6.3.2.2.7 Special Grounding.


(A)


(B)


6.3.2.2.7.2 Patient Equipment Grounding Point.

A patient equipment grounding point comprising one or more grounding terminals or jacks shall be permitted in an accessible location in thepatient care vicinity.

6.3.2.2.7.3* Special Grounding in Patient Care Rooms.

In addition to the grounding required to meet the performance requirements of 6.3.3.1, additional grounding shall be permitted where specialcircumstances so dictate.

6.3.2.2.8 Wet Procedure Locations.

6.3.2.2.8.1*

Wet procedure locations shall be provided with special protection against electric shock.

6.3.2.2.8.2



(2) Power distribution system in which the power supply is interrupted if the ground-fault current does, in fact, exceed the trip value of a ClassA GFCI

6.3.2.2.8.3

Patient beds, toilets, bidets, and wash basins shall not be required to be considered wet procedure locations.

6.3.2.2.8.4*


6.3.2.2.8.5


(A)


(B)






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6.3.2.2.8.6

The use of an isolated power system (IPS) shall be permitted as a protective means capable of limiting ground-fault current without powerinterruption. When installed, such a power system shall conform to the requirements of 6.3.2.6.

6.3.2.2.8.7*

Operating rooms defined as wet procedure locations shall be protected by either isolated power or ground-fault circuit interrupters.

6.3.2.2.8.8

Where GFCI protection is used in an operating room, one of the following shall apply:



6.3.2.2.9 Isolated Power.

6.3.2.2.9.1

An isolated power system shall not be required to be installed in any patient care space, except as specified in 6.3.2.2.8.

6.3.2.2.9.2

The system shall be permitted to be installed where it conforms to the performance requirements specified in 6.3.2.6.

6.3.2.2.10 Essential Electrical Systems (EES).

6.3.2.2.10.1


6.3.2.2.10.2

Category 2 spaces shall be served by a Type 1 or Type 2 EES.

6.3.2.2.10.3

A Type I EES serving a Category 1 space shall be permitted to serve Category 2 spaces in the same facility.

6.3.2.2.10.4

Category 3 or Category 4 spaces shall not be required to be served by an EES.

6.3.2.2.11 Battery-Powered Lighting Units.

6.3.2.2.11.1

One or more battery-powered lighting units shall be provided within locations where deep sedation and general anesthesia is administered.

6.3.2.2.11.2

The lighting level of each unit shall be sufficient to terminate procedures intended to be performed within the operating room.

6.3.2.2.11.3

The sensor for units shall be wired to the branch circuit(s) serving general lighting within the room.

6.3.2.2.11.4

Units shall be capable of providing lighting for 1 1⁄2 hours.

6.3.2.2.11.5

Units shall be tested monthly for 30 seconds, and annually for 30 minutes.


Corrected terminology to be consistent with the balance of the chapter.


Submitter Full Name: JASON DANTONA

Organization: THOMPSON CONSULTANTS INC

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Public Input No. 480-NFPA 99-2015 [ Section No. 6.3.2.2.1 [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ]

Branch circuit wiring 600 V or less shall comply with the requirements in 6.3.2.2.1.1 through 6.3.2.2.1.4 .


This section requires that branch circuit wiring in patient care rooms which is 600V or less must comply with the requirements of 6.3.2.2.1.1 to 6.3.2.2.1.4. Sections 6.3.2.2.1.2 (Category 1 Spaces), 6.3.2.2.1.3 (access to over current devices) and 6.3.2.2.1.4 (special purpose outlets) do not necessarily only apply to branch circuits in patient care rooms.




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Public Input No. 438-NFPA 99-2015 [ Section No. 6.3.2.2.1.1 ]

6.3.2.2.1.1* Circuits.

(A)


(B)


(C)

All branch circuits panels serving a patient bed location, either normal or critical power, shall have their ground buses connected together toassure equal ground potential at the bed location.


This will make design and installation clear to avoid a voltage differential hazard.,

This concept with jointly prepared with Jim Harvey, University of Michigan Hospitals




Affilliation: University of Michigan

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6.3.2.2.1.1* Circuits.

(A)


(B)

When required, branch Branch circuits serving a given patient bed location shall be permitted to be fed from more than one critical branch-circuit distribution panel.


The "when required" language does not seem to correspond to the "it shall be permitted" language. This is an attempt to clarify; the committee may have a better suggestion.





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6.3.2.2.1.1* Circuits.

(A)


( A1)Branch circuits serving a given patient bed location shall be fed from not more than one essential branch-circuit distribution panel.

(A2) For reliability reasons inpatient bed locations should be served by an equal number of dedicated or shared, normal and essential powercircuits. In locations such as ICU’s the circuits should be dedicated circuits

( B)



Two important end-use equipment reliability consideraions



Organization: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN & University of MIchigan Hospitals (James R. Harvey)

Affilliation: IEEE Education & Healthcare Faciilties Committee

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Public Input No. 523-NFPA 99-2015 [ New Section after 6.3.2.2.1.3 ]

Category 2 Spaces

Category 2 spaces shall be served by circuits from an equipment branch panel(s) served from a single automatic transfer switch and a minimumof one circuit served by the normal power distribution system or by a system originating from a second equipment branch automatic transferswitch.


This requirement is necessary to adequately define the circuit arrangement in a Category 2 Space. This requirement is identical to the requirements of 6.3.2.2.1.2 except for replacing ‘critical’ with ‘equipment’ in accordance with the requirements of 6.5.2.2.3.4(C)




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The grounding conductor shall conform to NFPA 70, National Electrical Code. An outlet serving electrical equipment within the patient carevicinity shall be provided with effective ground-fault current paths dual-fed by a wiring method that qualifies as an equipment groundingconductor and by an insulated copper equipment grounding conductor.


Although 6.3.2.2.7.1 indicates appropriately that isolated ground receptacles are prohibited from patient care vicinities, the same situation exists with the use of corded relocatable power taps (RPTs, colloquially known as "power strips" and "plug strips"). The power supply cord provides a SINGLE grounding path to the receptacles employed as components within the RPT. Inclusion of this performance requirement would provide clarification as to the objective of 6.3.2.2.7.1.


Submitter Full Name: BRIAN ROCK

Organization: HUBBELL INCORPORATED

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The equipment grounding terminal buses of the normal and essential branch-circuit panelboards serving the same individual patient carevicinity shall be connected together with an insulated continuous copper conductor not smaller than 10 AWG. Where two or more panelboardsserving the same individual patient care vicinity are served from separate transfer switches on the essential electrical system, the equipmentgrounding terminal buses of those panelboards shall be connected together with an insulated continuous copper conductor not smaller than 10AWG. This conductor shall be permitted to be broken in order to terminate on the equipment grounding terminal bus in each panelboard.



Various recent Standards Council decisions have clearly established that NFPA 99, Health Care Facilities Code, is a performance code. These same Standards Council decisions have clearly established NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, as an installation code. This is consistent with each document’s published scope. With this clear delineation established, NFPA 99, a performance code, cannot modify NFPA 70, an installation code. This modification cannot occur because NFPA 99, as a performance code, does not have jurisdiction over installation elements found in NFPA 70, or any other NFPA installation code. For this reason, certain elements of NFPA 70 must be written in NFPA 99. NFPA 70: National Electrical Code 2014 517.14 contains language similar to what is show above. This PI is an attempt to clarify and align requirements in NFPA 70 and NFPA 99. This language should be contained in NFPA 99 as direction for design and installation requirements clarifying panelboard grounding and eliminating confusion for designers, installers, inspectors, and maintenance workers.




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6.3.2.2.2.4 Metal Receptacle Boxes Outlet Boxes, Metal Device Boxes, and Metal Enclosures for Receptacles .

Where receptacles are mounted in metal receptacle outllet boxes are used, , metal device boxes, or metal enclosures, the performance of theconnection between the receptacle grounding terminal and the metal box or enclosure shall be equivalent to the performance provided bycopper wire sized in accordance with 250.146 and Table 250.122 of NFPA 70, National Electrical Code®, but no smaller than 12 AWG.


The term "metal receptacle boxes" is inconsistent with the term "metal outlet boxes" or "metal device boxes" used in the National Electrical Code® NFPA 70 (e.g., "Article 314 Outlet, Device, Pull, and Junction Boxes ...") and the Safety Standard UL 514A under which such metal outlet boxes (for receptacles) are evaluated. In NEC® 517.13(B)(1), a Public Input to use extracted wording from NFPA 99-2015 6.3.2.2.2.4 introduces inconsistency that degrades needlessly the readability of the NEC®.

Furthermore, receptacles are not only flush- or-surface-mounted in metal outlet boxes or metal device boxes, but can be panel-mounted in metal enclosures that present the same safety concerns. NEC® 517.13(B)(1) EXPLICITLY recognizes receptacles mounted in metal enclosures and imposes the same grounding requirements as for outlet and device boxes.

6.3.2.2.2.2 addresses the equipment grounding conductor of NEC® 250.122, whereas 6.3.2.2.2.4 addresses the equipment bonding jumper (or equivalent connection) of NEC® 250.146 between the receptacle and the metal box or metal enclosure. Although 6.3.2.2.2.2 makes it clear that the equipment grounding conductor shall be sized in accordance with NEC® 250.122 and Table 250.122, as 6.3.2.2.2.4 is presently stated, however, it is ambiguous whether 6.3.2.2.2.4 permits equipment bonding jumpers to be sized as copper 12 AWG for 60A, 100A, and 200A receptacles rather than to be unequivocally equivalent to copper 10 AWG, 8 AWG, or 6 AWG, respectively, in accordance with the minimum sizes of NEC® 250.146 and Table 250.122.




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Submittal Date: Wed May 13 22:37:19 EDT 2015


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6.3.2.2.2.4 Metal Receptacle Boxes. Grounding of Receptacles and Fixed Electrical Equipment in Patient Care Spaces.

(A) All branch circuits serving patient care spaces shall be provided with an effective ground-fault current path by installation in a metalraceway system, or a cable having a metallic armor or sheath assembly. The metal raceway system, or metallic cable armor, or sheathassembly shall itself qualify as an equipment grounding conductor .

(B) Insulated Equipment Grounding Conductor.

The following shall be directly connected to an insulated copper equipment grounding conductor that is green along its entire length andinstalled with the branch circuit conductors in the wiring methods as provided in 6.3.2.2.2.4(A):

1. The grounding terminals of all receptacles .

2. Where metal receptacle boxes are used, the performance of the connection between the receptacle grounding terminal and the metal boxshall be equivalent to the performance provided by copper wire no smaller than 12 AWG.

. All non–current-carrying conductive surfaces of fixed electrical equipment likely to become energized that are subject to personal contact,operating at over 100 volts.

4. An insulated equipment bonding jumper that directly connects to the equipment grounding conductor is permitted to connect the box andreceptacle(s) to the equipment grounding conductor.

5. Metal faceplates shall be permitted to be connected to the equipment grounding conductor by means of a metal mounting screw(s) securingthe faceplate to a grounded outlet box or grounded wiring device.

6. Luminaires more than 2.3 m (7 1⁄2 ft) above the floor and switches located outside of the patient care vicinity shall be permitted to beconnected to an equipment grounding return path complying with 6.3.2.2.2.4(A) and (B).


Various recent Standards Council decisions have clearly established that NFPA 99, Health Care Facilities Code, is a performance code. These same Standards Council decisions have clearly established NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, as an installation code. This is consistent with each document’s published scope. With this clear delineation established, NFPA 99, a performance code, cannot modify NFPA 70, an installation code. This modification cannot occur because NFPA 99, as a performance code, does not have jurisdiction over installation elements found in NFPA 70, or any other NFPA installation code. For this reason, certain elements of NFPA 70 must be written in NFPA 99. Conductor color requirements for the Equipment Grounding Conductor using and insulated conductor of green is established to provide clear and distinct installation requirements for the Isolated Equipment Grounding Conductor associated with the revised PI requested in 6.3.2.2.7.1.

NFPA 70: National Electrical Code 2014 517.13 contains language similar to what is show above. This PI is an attempt to clarify and align requirements in NFPA 70 and NFPA 99. This language should be contained in NFPA 99 as direction for design and installation requirements clarifying receptacle grounding requirements for patent care areas and eliminating confusion for designers, installers, inspectors, and maintenance workers.







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Public Input Number 394 (6.3.2.2.2.4)

6.3.2.2.2.4 Metal Receptacle Boxes. Grounding of Receptacles and Fixed Electrical

Equipment in Patient Care Spaces

(A) All branch circuits serving patient care spaces shall be provided with an effective ground-

fault current path by installation in a metal raceway system, or a cable having a metallic

armor or sheath assembly. The metal raceway system, or metallic cable armor, or sheath

assembly shall itself qualify as an equipment grounding conductor.

(B) Insulated Equipment Grounding Conductor.

The following shall be directly connected to an insulated copper equipment grounding

conductor that is green along its entire length and installed with the branch circuit

conductors in the wiring methods as provided in 6.3.2.2.2.4(A):

1. The grounding terminals of all receptacles

2. Where metal receptacle boxes are used, the performance of the connection between

the receptacle grounding terminal and the metal box shall be equivalent to the

performance provided by copper wire no smaller than 12 AWG.

3. All non–current-carrying conductive surfaces of fixed electrical equipment likely to

become energized that are subject to personal contact, operating at over 100 volts.

4. An insulated equipment bonding jumper that directly connects to the equipment

grounding conductor is permitted to connect the box and receptacle(s) to the

equipment grounding conductor.

5. Metal faceplates shall be permitted to be connected to the equipment grounding

conductor by means of a metal mounting screw(s) securing the faceplate to a

grounded outlet box or grounded wiring device.

6. Luminaires more than 2.3 m (7 1⁄2 ft) above the floor and switches located outside of

the patient care vicinity shall be permitted to be connected to an equipment grounding

return path complying with 6.3.2.2.2.4(A) and (B).

Submitter Substantiation: Various recent Standards Council decisions have clearly established

that NFPA 99, Health Care Facilities Code, is a performance code. These same Standards

Council decisions have clearly established NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, as an installation

code. This is consistent with each document’s published scope. With this clear delineation

established, NFPA 99, a performance code, cannot modify NFPA 70, an installation code. This

modification cannot occur because NFPA 99, as a performance code, does not have jurisdiction

over installation elements found in NFPA 70, or any other NFPA installation code. For this

reason, certain elements of NFPA 70 must be written in NFPA 99.

Conductor color requirements for the Equipment Grounding Conductor using and insulated

conductor of green is established to provide clear and distinct installation requirements for the

Isolated Equipment Grounding Conductor associated with the revised PI requested in 6.3.2.2.7.1.

NFPA 70: National Electrical Code 2014 517.13 contains language similar to what is show

above. This PI is an attempt to clarify and align requirements in NFPA 70 and NFPA 99. This

language should be contained in NFPA 99 as direction for design and installation requirements

clarifying receptacle grounding requirements for patent care areas and eliminating confusion for

designers, installers, inspectors, and maintenance workers.

Public Input No. 449-NFPA 99-2015 [ Section No. 6.3.2.2.3 ]


In patient care spaces supplied by the normal distribution system and any branch of the essential electrical system, the grounding system of thenormal distribution system and that of the essential electrical system shall be interconnected bonded .


"Bonded" is the better word.





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In patient care spaces supplied by the normal distribution system and any branch of the essential electrical system, the grounding systemground bar of the normal distribution system power panels and that of the essential electrical system shall be interconnected and bonded .


This makes visualzing the necessary bonding easier by intending the actual grounding system component. See related proposal. .





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(A)


(B)





(C)




(A)


(B)


(C)


(D)


(E)


(F)







This change moves the requirements for hospital grade receptacles from the section describing the minimum number of receptacles (6.2.2.6.2) to the section describing the types of receptacles (6.2.2.6.1)




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Public Input No. 499-NFPA 99-2015 [ Section No. 6.3.2.2.6.1(B) ]

(B)





(4)


The requirements for isolated ground receptacles are already outlined in section 6.3.2.2.7.1. There is no prohibition for the installation of these types of receptacles in areas outside of the patient care vicinity therefore this section does not contain any additional requirements and is unnecessary.




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(A)

Receptacles for Patient Bed Locations in Category 2 Spaces. Each patient bed location shall be provided with a minimum of eightnonlocking-type, 125-volt, 15- or 20-ampere receptacles. They shall be permitted to be of the locking or nonlocking type, single, duplex, orquadruplex type, or any combination of the three. All 125- and 250-volt, 15- and 20-ampere, nonlocking-type receptacles shall be listed hospitalgrade. Other receptacles (e.g., portable X-ray receptacles) serving special-purpose, cord-and-plug-connected equipment shall be permitted tobe of the locking or nonlocking type.

(B)

Receptacles for Patient Bed Locations in Category 1 Spaces. Each patient bed location shall be provided with a minimum of 14nonlocking-type, 125-volt, 15- or 20-ampere receptacles. They shall be permitted to be of the locking or nonlocking type, single, duplex, orquadruplex type, or any combination of the three. All 125- and 250-volt, 15- and 20-ampere, nonlocking-type receptacles shall be listed hospitalgrade. Other receptacles (e.g., portable X-ray receptacles) serving special-purpose, cord-and-plug-connected equipment shall be permitted tobe of the locking or nonlocking type.

(C)

Receptacles for Operating Rooms. Operating rooms shall be provided with a minimum of 36 nonlocking-type, 125-volt, 15- or 20-amperereceptacles. They shall be permitted to be of the locking or nonlocking type, single, duplex, or quadruplex type, or any combination of the three.All 125- and 250-volt, 15- and 20-ampere, nonlocking-type receptacles shall be listed hospital grade. Other receptacles (e.g., portable X-rayreceptacles) serving special-purpose, cord-and-plug-connected equipment shall be permitted to be of the locking or nonlocking type.

(D)


(E)


(F)



The requirements for Hospital Grade receptacles in UL Standard UL 498, Attachment Plugs and Receptacles, Supplement SD are inherently limited by their nature to 125- and 250-volt, 15- and 20-ampere, NONLOCKING-type receptacles and CANNOT be applied to receptacles of the locking type. The Scope of UL 498, Attachment Plugs and Receptacles, Supplement SD, reads:

“SD1.1 The requirements of this supplement cover Hospital Grade attachment plugs, cord connectors, and receptacles, intended for hospital use in other than hazardous locations in accordance with Article 517 of the National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70. >>>THEY ARE APPLICABLE ONLY TO NONLOCKING-TYPE DEVICES OF THE 5-15, 6-15, 5-20, AND 6-20 CONFIGURATIONS.<<< Receptacles shall be intended only for flush installation, and plugs and connectors shall be either of the straight type (flexible cord exits at the rear of the device) or angled type (cord exits at an angle to the major plug axis) intended for field assembly on flexible cord.” [Emphasis added. NEMA Standard WD6 receptacle configuration designations "5-15, 6-15, 5-20, and 6-20" refer to the dimensional configurations for grounding-type, single-phase (i.e., 2-pole, 3-wire), 15- and 20-ampere, 125- and 250-volt, NONLOCKING-type receptacles.]

Either the requirements must state that the REQUIRED receptacles are limited to 125-volt, 15- or 20-ampere, NONLOCKING-type receptacles that are listed Hospital Grade or the requirement that receptacles be listed Hospital Grade must be limited to 125- and 250-volt, 15- and 20-ampere, NONLOCKING-type receptacles. In all likelihood, the committee’s intent was to set requirements for the REQUIRED quantity of hospital grade receptacles and to permit separately that any other receptacles beyond those minimum numbers to be either of the nonlocking or locking type for design flexibility for specialized cord-and-plug-connected equipment.

Furthermore, inclusion of locking-type receptacles in 6.3.2.2.6.2(B) that inherently cannot be listed Hospital Grade represents a correlation conflict with the requirements of 6.3.2.2.6.1(C) that limit receptacles at patient bed locations in Category 1 to listed hospital grade. This Public Input would reconcile that correlation issue.




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Submittal Date: Sun Mar 22 10:53:34 EDT 2015


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(A)


(B)


( B1) Receptacles in pediatric bed locations shall be tamperproof.

(B2) For reliability reasons, 50% of the patient care receptacles shall be served by the normal power systems and 50% from the essentialservice power system

( C)


( C1) In facilities with two essential power throw-over switches, OR’s should have two isolated power sources – one served from each throwoverswitch. For reliability reasons, 50% of the receptacles in the OR shall be served by each isolated power system

( D)


(E)


(F)



Clarifications of patient safety concepts





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(B)

Receptacles for Patient Bed Locations in Category 1 Spaces. Each patient bed location shall be provided with a minimum of 14 receptacles.They shall be permitted to be of the locking or nonlocking type, single, duplex, or quadruplex type, or any combination of the three. Allreceptacles shall be listed hospital grade.This requirment shall not apply to operating rooms.


this will clarify that you do not have to have 14 at the OR table and 36 in the room (total of 50)


Submitter Full Name: DAVID DAGENAIS

Organization: WENTWORTH-DOUGLASS HOSPITAL

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Public Input No. 163-NFPA 99-2015 [ Section No. 6.3.2.2.6.2(F) ]

(F)

Designated Pediatric Locations. Receptacles that are located within the patient rooms, bathrooms, playrooms, and activity rooms of pediatricunits or spaces with similar risk as determined by the governing body , other than nurseries, shall be listed tamper-resistant or shall employ alisted tamper-resistant cover.


Facilities have been cited by AHJs for not having tamper resistant receptacles in areas outside of pediatric units based on the verbage that is shown deleted. If the technical committee wants a risk assessment done to determine what locations outside of pediatric units need tamper resistant receptacles, it is suggested that a requirement for a risk assessment be specifically added to NFPA 99. However, the way it reads now, "spaces with simlar risk as determined by the governing body" doesn't actually require an assessment to be done, nor does NFPA 70 require tamper resistant receptacles to be installed in those other risky areas (except child care centers). When researching how the proposed deleted wording got into the code, there did not appear to be any substantiation provided in the First Revision to understand what the intent of the committee is with respect to the wording.


Submitter Full Name: PETER LARRIMER

Organization: US DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFA

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Submittal Date: Tue May 26 09:56:41 EDT 2015


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(F)

Designated Pediatric Locations. Receptacles that are located within the patient rooms, bathrooms, playrooms, and activity rooms of pediatricunits or spaces with similar risk as determined by the governing body, other than infant nurseries, shall be listed tamper-resistant or shall employa listed tamper-resistant cover.


The purpose of tamper-resistant receptacles is to reduce shock and burn injuries to mobile toddlers and young children. Often, visitors to maternity areas are accompanied by toddlers and young children. During such visits, the focus is on the mother and newborn infant, and less so on those accompanying youngster under the presumption that visitor-accessible spaces of healthcare facilities are inherently free from hazards. The curiosity factor of a healthcare environment and of novel medical equipment is in fact quite the opposite.

Wholesale exclusion of ALL “nurseries” WITHOUT FURTHER QUALIFICATION from requiring installation of tamper-resistant receptacles aggravates this risk to toddlers and youngsters. Neither the National Electrical Code® nor NFPA 99 defines the term “nursery”. Per 3.2.1.2 of the Manual of Style for NFPA Technical Committee Documents, definitions of general terms shall follow Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary. There, “nursery” is broadly defined as “a place where children are temporarily cared for in their parents' absence”, NOT as a space for the care exclusively of newborn patients.

Adding the qualifier "infant" [as is already done in 6.4.2.2.4.2(3)(a)], or alternatively "neonatal", in front of the word "nurseries” in this requirement would preclude relaxation of tamper resistance requirements being extended to generically-defined "nurseries" intended for older, mobile toddlers and children who would then be subject to unwarranted compromise of safety.




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Submittal Date: Sun Mar 22 11:42:13 EDT 2015


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(F)

Designated Pediatric Locations. Receptacles that are located within the patient rooms, bathrooms, playrooms, and activity rooms of pediatricunits or spaces with similar risk as determined by the governing body by conducting a risk assesment , other other than nurseries, shall belisted tamper-resistant or shall employ a listed tamper-resistant cover.


some AHJs feel that this requires a risk assessment for every room .




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Each receptacle shall be wired in accordance with NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, to ensure correct polarity. For safety reasons,whenever possible, the ground prong shall be in the up position (If receptacle is not fully inserted, and something falls, it hits the groung prongnot neutral or hot)


Safety recommendadtion that should be self-evident.





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6.3.2.2.7.1* Use of Isolated Ground Receptacles, Relocatable Power Taps, and Health Care Outlet Assemblies .

(A)


(B)


Relocatable power taps shall not serve electrical equipment within a patient care space.

A listed health care outlet assembly shall be permitted to serve electrical equipment in patient care spaces outside of patient care vicinities. Alisted health care outlet assembly that is also connected to the patient equipment grounding point shall be permitted to serve electricalequipment within a patient care vicinity.


Relocatable Power Taps (RPTs) are not to be used with medical equipment in patient care areas. This includes critical areas such as operating rooms, recovery areas, intensive care areas, and non-critical patient care areas such as patient rooms, diagnostic areas, exam areas.

Relocatable power taps (RPT), sometimes called power strips, are used to supply power to portable electric devices. They consist of an attachment plug with a flexible cord that terminates to an enclosure where one or more receptacles are mounted. They may include supplementary overcurrent protection, switches and indicator lights, surge protection capability, and in some cases connections for coaxial cable (TV/CATV), data communications, telephone, or antenna. RPTs are evaluated for general-use applications in accordance with UL Standard UL 1363, Relocatable Power Taps. RPTs with surge protection capability are additionally evaluated for general-use applications in accordance with UL Standard UL 1449, Surge Protective Devices.

Receptacles in patient care vicinities are required to connected to two effective grounding paths. Isolated ground receptacles inherently cannot be connected to two grounding paths and are not permitted within patient care vicinities. Similar to isolated ground receptacles on fixed wiring, cord-connected RPTs also cannot provide that dual-fed grounding conductor required to provide two effective grounding paths from the RPT's receptacles. Relocatable power taps may not be used as a substitute for adequate electrical outlets (fixed receptacles) in a health care facility. RPTs however may be used for non-patient care equipment such as computers/monitors/printers, and in areas such as waiting rooms, offices, nurse stations, support areas, corridors, etc. Precautions needed if RPTs are used include: • ensuring RPTs are never “daisy-chained” (connecting one RPT to another or to an extension cord), preventing cords from becoming tripping hazards;• installing ground-fault circuit-interrupter (GFCI) and overcurrent protection devices, and• using RPTs that are adequate for the number and types of devices used. Overload on any circuit can potentially cause overheating and fire. The use of ground-fault circuit interruption (GFCI) may be required in locations near water sources to prevent electrocution of the occupants.

There are RPTs that incorporate hospital grade plugs and receptacles and that may be acceptable outside the patient care spaces. Indeed, UL Standards UL 1363 and UL 1449 mandate that such RPTs be marked “CAUTION: Risk of Electric Shock – Do not use in General Patient Care Areas or Critical Patient Care Areas. This relocatable power tap [or surge protective device] has not been evaluated for use where Article 517 of the National Electrical Code requires Hospital Grade components.” Although such RPTs offer improved reliability of grounding continuity inherent with hospital grade plugs and receptacles, these RPTs have not been evaluated for the low levels of leakage current and touch voltage required in patient care spaces.

Medical equipment is used to diagnose, treat, or monitor a patient, and makes physical or electrical contact with the patient and/or transfers energy to or from the patient, and/or detects such energy transfer to or from the patient. RPTs are not to be used with medical equipment in patient care spaces. These includes critical care spaces such as operating rooms, recovery areas, intensive care areas, and non-critical patient general care spaces such as patient rooms, diagnostic areas, exam areas, etc.

There is a separate category called Special Purpose Relocatable Power Taps [SPRTPs] that are certified (“Recognized”) SOLELY as COMPONENTS for use within MODEL-SPECIFIC equipment assemblies such as data entry pedestals, monitor carts, etc. that are themselves “Listed” as complete equipment assemblies. As indicated in UL’s Online Directory for SPRPTs [category XBZN2]:“The devices covered under this category are incomplete in certain constructional features or restricted in performance capabilities and are intended for use as components of complete equipment submitted for investigation rather than for direct separate installation in the field. THE FINAL ACCEPTANCE OF THE COMPONENT IS DEPENDENT UPON ITS INSTALLATION AND USE IN COMPLETE EQUIPMENT SUBMITTED TO UL.”Such SPRPTs are evaluated for limited component applications in accordance with UL Outline Of Investigation Subject 1363A, Special Purpose Relocatable Power Taps. Although SPRPTs incorporate hospital grade plugs and receptacles and may suitable SOLELY AS COMPONENTS OF LISTED EQUIPMENT ASSEMBLIES for use within general and critical care areas, they do NOT comply with NFPA 70 National Electrical Code® Section 517.13 requirements for an acceptable grounding return path. As such, SPRPTs are NOT suitable for use within Patient Care Vicinities, as defined by NFPA 99 and by NFPA 70 National Electrical Code®.

RPTs that include MOV surge protection between the grounded conductor and the grounding conductor and between the ungrounded conductor and the grounding conductor pose an additional hazard. As the MOVs are expended and approach end-of-life failures, leakage current to the grounding conductor increases. Such leakage current can harm patients in weakened condition. Furthermore, MOVs connected between the grounded conductor and the grounding conductor have no follow-through current to blow open protective fuse that would disable leakage current to ground.

The Joint Commission (TJC) had brought the issues of RPT’s to the Healthcare Interpretation Task Force (HITF) where the Minutes (no formal interpretation was created) from December 2007 stated “NFPA 70, NFPA 99 and NFPA 101 all have regulations that control the electrical components and equipment in a patient room. It appears that it is the intent of these documents to restrict RPT use so that it is general-use RPTs are not used in conjunction with medical equipment.” To be consistent with Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), The Joint Commission (TJC) asked CMS regarding their position, which is “RPTs are not to be used with medical equipment in patient care areas. This includes critical areas such as operating rooms, recovery areas, intensive care areas, and non-critical patient care areas such as patient rooms, diagnostic areas, exam areas, etc.”

Hubbell Incorporated has funded Underwriters Laboratories (UL) to develop requirements into a draft standard, Outline Of Investigation UL 2830, Heath Care Outlet Assemblies, that would allow Listing of such cord-connected health care outlet assemblies (HCOAs) by addressing the safety deficiencies of


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RPTs and SPRPTs in the operating environment of health care facilities. To generalize requirements, the Scope of draft UL 2830 reads:

"These requirements cover indoor-use cord-and-plug-connected Health Care Facility receptacle outlet assemblies (HCOA) rated 250 V AC or less and 20 Amperes or less. HCOA are for use as a movable power supply connection for cord-and-plug-connected medical electrical utilization equipment in accordance with the National Electric Code, NFPA 70, Article 517 Health Care Facilities, for use in General Patient Care Areas or Critical Patient Care Areas, including Patient Care Vicinities equipped with Patient Equipment Grounding Points. HCOAs intended for such use shall comply with applicable requirements of the Standard for Safety of Medical Electrical Equipment, Part 1: General Requirements, UL 60601-1, the Standard for Safety Requirements for Medical Electrical Systems, IEC 60601-1-1 and the Standard for Medical Electrical Equipment-Part 1-2: General Requirements for basic safety and essential performance-Collateral standard: Electromagnetic compatibility-Requirements and tests, ANSI/AAMI/IEC 60601-1-2:2007/(R) 2012.

"These requirements cover HCOA consisting of a NEMA configuration Hospital Grade attachment plug and a length of non detachable flexible cord terminated in an enclosure in which are mounted Hospital Grade individual receptacle outlets which are connected conductively to an integral protective earth terminal provided for user connection of a return grounding path to patient equipment grounding points located in the Health Care Facility."

Requirements will also limit leakage current to low levels mandated for medical equipment in accordance with UL 60601-1. Power supply cords are to be sized to preclude the need for supplementary overcurrent protectors and power switches in HCOAs and thereby preclude power disruptions to essential medical equipment by inadvertent operation supplementary overcurrent protectors and power switches of misapplied RPTs. Closure lids will caution that connected equipment is to be solely those authorized by the governing body of the health care facility.




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(A)

An isolated ground receptacle, if used, shall not defeat the purposes of the safety features of the grounding systems detailed herein. in6.3.2.2.2.4 . .

(B)


(C) Isolated grounding receptacles installed in branch circuits for patient care spaces shall be connected to an insulated equipment groundingconductor in accordance with NFPA 70, National Electrical Code , 250.146(D) in addition to the two equipment grounding conductor pathsrequired in 6.3.2.2.2.4 .

(D) The equipment grounding conductor installed for isolated grounding receptacles in patient care areas shall be clearly identified using greeninsulation with one or more yellow stripes along its entire length.


Various recent Standards Council decisions have clearly established that NFPA 99, Health Care Facilities Code, is a performance code. These same Standards Council decisions have clearly established NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, as an installation code. This is consistent with each document’s published scope. With this clear delineation established, NFPA 99, a performance code, cannot modify NFPA 70, an installation code. This modification cannot occur because NFPA 99, as a performance code, does not have jurisdiction over installation elements found in NFPA 70, or any other NFPA installation code. For this reason, certain elements of NFPA 70 must be written in NFPA 99. NFPA 70: National Electrical Code 2014 517.19 contains language similar to what is show above. This language should be contained in NFPA 99 as direction for design and installation requirements when isolated ground receptacles are installed in patent care spaces outside the patient care vicinity.

Confusion exists regarding the number of equipment grounding conductors that must be installed for isolated ground receptacles installed outside the patient care vicinity in a patient care spaces. As submitter of this proposal I personally inspected three separate isolated grounding receptacle installations in recently remodeled patient care spaces at three separate hospitals. All three installations used EMT raceway and a separate 12 AWG insulated EGC as required by NFPA 70 section 517.13 (A) and (B). The EGC required by NFPA 70 section 517.13(B) was utilized as the isolated grounding conductor. No other separate equipment grounding conductors were installed. These installations were all in violation of NFPA 70 sections 250.146(D) and 517.13. This proposal will clarify to installers and inspectors the need for three grounding paths when IG receptacles are required, i.e. metal raceway path and green wire type equipment grounding conductor, and a separate IG equipment grounding conductor to comply with NFPA 70 section 250.146(D).

Conductor color requirements for the Isolated Grounding Conductor using and insulated conductor of green with one or more yellow stripes are established to provide clear and distinct installation requirements from the Equipment Grounding Conductor associated with the revised PI requested in 6.3.2.2.2.4.

The proposed addition to NFPA 99 provides clarifies for designers, installers, and maintenance personnel what is required to satisfy the equipment grounding conductor requirements for branch circuits serving these areas where the isolated equipment grounding conductor and IG receptacles are specified. The proposal clarifies two requirements that clearly distinguish the identification requirement from the number of equipment grounding conductors required for this type of installation.







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6.3.2.2.8.2



(2) Power distribution system in which the power supply is interrupted if the ground-fault current does, in fact, exceed the trip value of a ClassA GFCI 6 MA


This is the term used in the NEC




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6.3.2.2.8.4 *



this has confused many AHJs and some AHJs don't agree with the hospital risking them out. By having the ORs risk in like other wet procurer location it will be consistent,




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6.3.2.2.8.5

In existing construction, the requirements of 6.3.2.2.8.1 shall not be required when a written inspection procedure, acceptable to the authorityhaving jurisdiction, is performed by a designated individual at the hospital to indicate that equipment grounding conductors for 120-V, single-phase, 15-A and 20-A receptacles; equipment connected by cord and plug; and fixed electrical equipment are installed and maintained inaccordance with NFPA 70 , National Electrical Code , and the applicable performance requirements of this chapter.

(A)


(B)






Wet Procedure Locations have been recognized as hazardous locations requiring special protection for workers and patients for some time. The hazards of using electricity in areas where water is present as a matter of operations is well documented. OSHA requires construction to provide ground fault circuit interrupter protection for personnel. Articles 553, 555, and 680 of the National Electrical Code provide increased protections for Floating Buildings, Marinas and Boatyards, and Swimming Pools, Fountains and Similar Installations – all of which acknowledge and mitigate the special hazards associated with the use of line voltage electricity in a wet environment. These well-documented hazards imposed on hospital personnel and patients in health care facilities are not somehow abated because of the age of the building. Workers and patients should not be exposed to the hazards of line voltage electricity in a wet procedure location. When one considers these hazards can be mitigated with low cost, proven technology, such as ground fault circuit interrupters; it becomes prudent and right to provide proven protection for all Wet Procedure Locations found in any Health Care Facility.







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Public Input No. 44-NFPA 99-2015 [ Section No. 6.3.2.2.8.5 [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ]




PC_73_ELS.pdf NFPA 99_PC73


NOTE: The following Public Input appeared as “Reject but Hold” in Public Comment No. 73 of the (A2014) Second Draft Report for NFPA 99 and per the Regs. At 4.4.8.3.1.Both "equipment connected by cord and plug and fixed electrical equipment" are not within the purview of the Electrical Systems Technical Committee. They are in the purview of the Medical Equipment Technical Committee (of which I am the chair).Chapter 10 (specifically section 10.5.2.1) adequately covers any needed inspection of "equipment connected by cord and plug and fixed electrical equipment" whether or not the equipment is located within a Wet Procedure Location.The Electrical Systems Technical Committee provided no technical documentation whatsoever for including this requirement for "equipment connected by cord and plug and fixed electrical equipment" in the Chapter 10 of 2012 edition. I regret that nobody caught this jurisdictional conflict during the 2012 process, but now is the time to correct it.


Submitter Full Name: TC ON HEA-ELS

Organization: NFPA

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Submittal Date: Thu Apr 09 13:56:21 EDT 2015


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Public Input No. 497-NFPA 99-2015 [ Section No. 6.3.2.2.8.5 [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ]

In existing construction, the requirements of 6.3.2.2.8.1 shall not be required when a written inspection procedure, acceptable to the authorityhaving jurisdiction, is performed by a designated individual at the hospital to indicate that equipment grounding conductors for 120-V, single-phase, 15-A and 20-A receptacles; equipment connected by cord and plug; and fixed electrical equipment are installed and maintained inaccordance with NFPA 70 , National Electrical Code , and the applicable performance requirements of this chapter.


This section directly contradicts 6.3.2.2.8.7 which is already designated to apply to existing facilities in section 6.1.2. This is an exception to 6.3.2.2.8.1 not for 6.3.2.2.8.4 which applies to operating rooms. The removal of this section will not have an effect on the requirements for existing operating rooms.Sub-paragraphs (A) and (B) should also be deleted.




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6.3.2.2.10.1



The revision of this requirements clarifies the allowance of normal circuits to serve Category I spaces as described in 6.3.2.2.1.2. The word “only” in 6.3.2.2.10.1 could be misinterpreted to conflict with 6.3.2.2.1.2.




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6.3.2.2.11.3

The sensor for units shall be wired to the unswitched branch circuit(s) serving general lighting within the room.


The addition of the term “unswitched” removes any confusion a code user may have concerning the applicability of this provision.




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6.3.2.3 Laboratories.

Outlets with two to four receptacles, or an equivalent power strip multioutlet assembly , shall be installed every 0.5 m to 1.0 m (1.6 ft to 3.3 ft) ininstrument usage areas, and either installation shall be at least 80 mm (3.15 in.) above the countertop.


The term “power strip” may be mistaken for a temporary, off the shelf, male cord cap multiple outlet assemblies typically used at Code Panel meetings. The term “multioutlet assembly” (commonly known by the trade name Wiremold) is more accurate, and defined in Article 100, and detailed in Article 380 of NFPA 70 National Electrical Code.




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6.3.2.3 Clinical Laboratories.

Outlets with two to four receptacles, or an equivalent power strip, shall be installed every 0.5 m to 1.0 m (1.6 ft to 3.3 ft) in instrument usageareas, and either installation shall be at least 80 mm (3.15 in.) above the countertop.


This revision introduces a delineation between standard laboratories and clinical laboratories. The latter is an important function of a health care facility and as such the performance of the electrical systems should be included in this chapter.




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6.3.2.5.1 Applicability.

The requirements of 6.3.2.5.2 shall apply to hospitals and other buildings healthcare facilities housing Category 1 spaces or utilizinglife-support equipment and buildings that provide essential utilities or services for the operation of Category 1 spaces or electrical life-supportequipment.


Revised wording correlates with terminology used throughout the chapter.




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Public Input No. 62-NFPA 99-2015 [ New Section after 6.3.2.6.1 ]

TITLE OF NEW CONTENT 6.3.2.6 Surge Protective Devices

Type your content here ...A listed surge protective device (SPD) shall be installed on branch panels that support all critical branch circuits for theprotection of critical patient care equipment.


One potential hazard to damaging electronic equipment in critical patient care areas is damage from power surge. Power surges can be experience from direct or indirect lighting strikes or utility capacitor bank switching. Surge Protection provides enhanced equipment reliability and sustainability for equipment used on a daily basis in critical patient care areas. Extraneous surge events cause damage (immediate or degradation) to sensitive, critical electronic equipment. NFPA 70 has recognized the need for surge protection as evidenced by Article 700.8..


Submitter Full Name: KENNETH BROWN

Organization: LEVITON MFG. CO., INC.

Affilliation: Leviton

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Submittal Date: Fri Apr 10 13:26:58 EDT 2015


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6.3.3.1.3.2

The voltage measurements shall be made with an accuracy of ±20 ±5 percent.


Modern measuring instruments are much more accurate than those in the past, this change acknowledges technological progress.



Public Input No. 361-NFPA 99-2015 [Section No. 6.3.3.1.4 [Excluding any Sub-Sections]]




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Public Input No. 361-NFPA 99-2015 [ Section No. 6.3.3.1.4 [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ]

The impedance measurement shall be made with an accuracy of ±20 ±5 percent.


Modern measuring instruments are much more accurate than those in the past, this change acknowledges technological progress.







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6.3.3.1.5.1

Voltage measurements specified in 6.3.3.1.3 shall be made with an instrument having an input resistance of 1000 ohms ±10 percent atfrequencies of 1000 Hz or less.


The requirements outlined in this section are specific to the testing equipment not building systems and therefore it is not appropriate in this chapter.




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6.4.1.1.3

Generator load-shed circuits designed for the purpose of load reduction or for load priority systems shall not shed life safety branch loads, criticalbranch loads serving critical care areas, generator fuel pumps, or other generator accessories. Where possible medical air compressors,

medical–surgicalmedical-surgical vacuum pumps,

fire pumps,and the pressure maintenance (jockey) pump(s) for water

-based fire protection systems

, generator fuel pumps, or other generator accessories.shall not be shed, or if programmed to shed shall be connected to the last equipment branch to be shed.

For new facilities anticipated kw loads used for initial load shed programming shall be based upon the Engineer of Record’s professionaljudgement. The anticipated kw loads and load priority schedule shall be updated one year later based on actual recorded loads. .


Compliance with this is complicated by the NEC definitions of life safety, critical, and equipment branches and what specific equipment is allowed to be connected to them. The NEC 517 specifically states that medical air compressors, medical-surgical vacuum pumps, and jockey pumps be connected to an Equipment Branch ATS. It is not uncommon for a two generator paralleled system to be sized based on NEC demand where one generator supports the life safety, critical, and fire pump loads, and the second generator supports all of the equipment branch loads. Depending on system configuration, i.e. total facility demand load, quantity and size of generators, the implementation of this may be unnecessarily costly, impossible, or mandate a less reliable emergency power system design (i.e. one large generator instead of two smaller generators).Additionally, in a system with 3 or more generators it is unlikely two generators will fail and have the fire pump running. The reserved capacity for the fire pump typically is enough to allow one additional ATS to be added, which should be the ATS with medical equipment (not HVAC equipment).Load priority programming is often misunderstood and in a new facility the expected loads are usually based on NEC demand loads that far exceed actual real world loads. By using these loads the system is less likely to add additional ATS’s since the system will think the next ATS will add much more load than it really will. The best way to program the load priority is limiting the items not allowed to shed and using accurate, but slightly lower expected kw values than the measured loads. This will ensure a single generator is never overloaded with loads that cannot shed, and also allows the system to support the maximum of ATSs. If loads are slightly higher than expected, the system will respond and shed the next ATS. If capacity becomes available again the system will automatically add the next ATS.


Submitter Full Name: ERIC SWEET

Organization: MAZZETTI

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Public Input Number 221 (6.4.1.1.3)

6.4.1.1.3

Generator load-shed circuits designed for the purpose of load reduction or for load priority

systems shall not shed life safety branch loads, critical branch loads serving critical care areas,

medical air compressors, medical–surgical vacuum pumps, fire pumps, the pressure maintenance

(jockey) pump(s) for water-based fire protection systems, generator fuel pumps, or other

generator accessories. Where possible medical air compressors, medical-surgical vacuum pumps,

and the pressure maintenance (jockey) pump(s) for water based fire protection systems shall not

be shed, or if programmed to shed shall be connected to the last equipment branch to be shed.

For new facilities anticipated kw loads used for initial load shed programming shall be based

upon the Engineer of Record’s professional judgement. The anticipated kw loads and load

priority schedule shall be updated one year later based on actual recorded loads.

Submitter Substantiation: Compliance with this is complicated by the NEC definitions of life

safety, critical, and equipment branches and what specific equipment is allowed to be connected

to them. The NEC 517 specifically states that medical air compressors, medical-surgical vacuum

pumps, and jockey pumps be connected to an Equipment Branch ATS. It is not uncommon for a

two generator paralleled system to be sized based on NEC demand where one generator supports

the life safety, critical, and fire pump loads, and the second generator supports all of the

equipment branch loads. Depending on system configuration, i.e. total facility demand load,

quantity and size of generators, the implementation of this may be unnecessarily costly,

impossible, or mandate a less reliable emergency power system design (i.e. one large generator

instead of two smaller generators). Additionally, in a system with 3 or more generators it is

unlikely two generators will fail and have the fire pump running. The reserved capacity for the

fire pump typically is enough to allow one additional ATS to be added, which should be the ATS

with medical equipment (not HVAC equipment). Load priority programming is often

misunderstood and in a new facility the expected loads are usually based on NEC demand loads

that far exceed actual real world loads. By using these loads the system is less likely to add

additional ATS’s since the system will think the next ATS will add much more load than it really

will. The best way to program the load priority is limiting the items not allowed to shed and

using accurate, but slightly lower expected kw values than the measured loads. This will ensure a

single generator is never overloaded with loads that cannot shed, and also allows the system to

support the maximum of ATSs. If loads are slightly higher than expected, the system will

respond and shed the next ATS. If capacity becomes available again the system will

automatically add the next ATS.


6.4.1.1.3

Generator load-shed circuits designed for the purpose of load reduction or for load priority systems shall not shed life safety branch loads, criticalbranch loads serving critical care areas Categroy 1 space , medical air compressors, medical–surgical vacuum pumps, fire pumps, the pressuremaintenance (jockey) pump(s) for water-based fire protection systems, generator fuel pumps, or other generator accessories.


Definition for Critical Care Area is covered in NFPA 99: 3.3.137 Patient Care Space and is designated as Category 1 Space. Any references in NFPA 99 to “Critical Care Area” should be changed to “Category 1 Space”.







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6.4.1.1.6.2

Type 3 essential electrical system power sources shall be classified as Type 10, Class X, Level 2 generator sets per NFPA 110, Standard forEmergency and Standby Power Systems .


This section includes requirements for type 3 EES Generator sets. Since type 3 has been deleted this is no longer needed.




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6.4.1.1.7 Fuel Cell Systems.

Fuel cell systems shall be permitted to serve as the alternate source for all or part of an essential electrical system, provided the followingconditions apply:

6.4.1.1.7.1

Installation shall comply with NFPA 853, Standard for Installation of Stationary Fuel Cell Power Systems .

6.4.1.1.7.2

N+1 units shall be provided where N units have sufficient capacity to supply the demand load of the portion of the system served.

6.4.1.1.7.3 *

System shall be able to assume loads within 10 seconds of loss of normal power source.

6.4.1.1.7.4

System shall have a continuing source of fuel supply, together with sufficient on-site fuel storage for the essential system type.

6.4.1.1.7.5

A connection shall be provided for a portable diesel generator to supply life safety and critical portions of the distribution system (if present).


Move the requirements outlined in this section to section 6.4.1.3 “Sources”.

Substantiation: The requirements for fuel cells belong under the sources section not under “on-site generator”.




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TITLE OF NEW CONTENT

Type your content here ...

6.4.1.1.7.6

System shall be listed for emergency use.


Fuel Cell Systems, when used as an alternate source for an essential electrical systems, should be held to the same listing standards as other approved equipment and systems.




Affilliation: IBEW

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6.4.1.1.18.2

The following annunciation shall be provided at a minimum:

(1) For Level 1 EPS, local annunciation and facility remote annunciation, or local annunciation and network remote annunciation

(2) For Level 2 EPS, local annunciation

(3)

[110:5.6.6.2]


This section still references level 2 EPS which is no longer valid given the deletion of the type 3 EES requirements.




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6.4.1.2 Battery.

Battery systems shall meet all requirements of Article 700 of NFPA 70 , National Electrical Code .


This section conflicts with the requirements of section 6.4.2.2.1.5 which states;“For the purposes of this code, the provisions for emergency systems in Article 700 of NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, shall be applied only to the life safety branch.”




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6.4.2.1.2.1

Overcurrent protective devices, on the line side of the transfer switch, serving the essential electrical system shall be coordinated for the periodof time that a fault’s duration extends beyond 0.1 second.


The allowance for “coordination” for faults beyond 0.1 seconds is valid only so long as at least one source of power, as required by 6.4.1.1.4, is able to supply the essential loads. If a cascading event takes place on the line side of the transfer switch, at least one source of power will still be available to supply the essential load, as required by 6.4.1.1.4.




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6.4.2.1.2.3 Overcurrent protective devices, on the load side of the transfer switch, serving the essential electrical system shall be selectivelycoordinated.

6.4.2.1.2.4 Selective Coordination shall not be required as follows:

(1) Between transformer primary and secondary overcurrent protective devices, where only one overcurrent protective device or set of overcurrentprotective devices exists on the transformer secondary.

(2) Between overcurrent protective devices of the same size (ampere rating) in series.


Cascading of overcurrent protective devices on the secondary of the transfer switch will render all sources of power on the line-side of the transfer switch useless. It won’t matter whether there are 1 or 10 sources of power as required by 6.4.1.1.4, if the overcurrent protective devices cascade on the secondary of the transfer switch, there will be a dangerous blackout.




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6.4.2.1.5.10 Engine Generator Exercising Timer.

A program timing device shall be provided to exercise the EPS as described in Chapter 8 of NFPA 110. [ 110: 6.2.11]

(A)

Transfer switches shall transfer the connected load to the EPS and immediately return to primary power automatically in case of the EPS failure.[ 110: 6.2.11.1]

(B)

Exercising timers shall be permitted to be located at the engine control panel in lieu of in the transfer switches. [ 110: 6.2.11.2]

(C)

A program timing device shall not be required in health care facilities that provide scheduled testing in accordance with NFPA 99, Health CareFacilities Code . [ 110: 6.2.11.3]


This section is not required for the following reasons:1. The requirements outlined in 6.4.2.1.5.10 is in conflict with subparagraph (C). 2. The requirements outlined in item (A) are addressed in 6.4.3.2.7.3. Deleting this section will still allow health care facilities to omit engine exercising timers on automatic transfer switches




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6.4.2.2.1.5

For the purposes of this code, the provisions for emergency systems in Article 700 of NFPA 70, National Electrical Code , shall be applied onlyto the life safety branch.


Various recent Standards Council decisions have clearly established that NFPA 99, Health Care Facilities Code, is a performance code. These same Standards Council decisions have clearly established NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, as an installation code. This is consistent with each document’s published scope. With this clear delineation established, NFPA 99, a performance code, cannot modify NFPA 70, an installation code. This modification cannot occur because NFPA 99, as a performance code, does not have jurisdiction over installation elements found in NFPA 70, or any other NFPA installation code.









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6.4.2.2.1.5

For the purposes of this code, the provisions for emergency systems in Article 700 of NFPA 70, National Electrical Code , shall be applied onlyto the life safety branch.


The performance requirements for the life safety branch of healthcare facilities is often unique and may vary from the Emergency System requirements (NFPA 70 - Art 700) for other occupancies. Linking the life safety branch directly to Article 700 inadvertently invokes unnecessary performance requirements intended for other occupancy classes. This in turn causes enforcement dilemmas and miscorrelation between documents. All performance requirements for the life safety branch need to be part of the NFPA 99 requirements.







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6.4.2.2.1.6

The following portions of Article 700 of NFPA 70 shall be amended as follows:

(A)

700.4 shall not apply.

(B)

700.10 (D) (1) through (3) shall not apply.

(C)

700.17 Branch Circuits for Emergency Lighting. Branch circuits that supply emergency lighting shall be installed to provide service from a sourcecomplying with 700.12 when the normal supply for lighting is interrupted or where single circuits supply luminaires containing secondarybatteries.

(D)












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6.4.2.2.1.6


(A)


(B)


(C)


(D)



The performance requirements for the life safety branch of healthcare facilities is often unique and may vary from the Emergency System requirements (NFPA 70 - Art 700) for other occupancies. Linking the life safety branch directly to Article 700 inadvertently invokes unnecessary performance requirements intended for other occupancy classes. This in turn causes enforcement dilemmas and miscorrelation between documents. All performance requirements for the life safety branch need to be part of the NFPA 99 requirements.







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6.4.2.2.3.2

The life safety branch shall supply power as follows:



(3) Hospital communications


(5) Task illumination

(6) Battery charger for emergency battery-powered lighting unit(s)

(7) Select receptacles at the generator set location and essential electrical system transfer switch locations



(10) Fire alarms and auxiliary functions of fire alarm combination systems complying with NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code


Deleting the word hospital makes the wording consistent with type 2 EES 6.5.2.2.2.1 (4).




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* Communications systems, where used for issuing instruction during emergency conditions


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Public Input Number 502 (6.4.2.2.3.2)

6.4.2.2.3.2




(3) *Hospital communications systems, where used for issuing instruction during emergency

conditions


(a) Task illumination

(b) Battery charger for emergency battery-powered lighting unit(s)

(c) Select receptacles at the generator set location and essential electrical system transfer switch

locations



(7) Fire alarms and auxiliary functions of fire alarm combination systems complying with

NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code

Submitter Substantiation: Deleting the word hospital makes the wording consistent with type 2

EES 6.5.2.2.2.1 (4).


6.4.2.2.4.2

The critical branch shall supply power for task illumination, fixed equipment, select receptacles, and select power circuits serving the followingspaces and functions related to patient care:

(1) Critical care spaces that utilize anesthetizing gases, task illumination, select receptacles, and fixed equipment



(4) Patient care spaces, including infant nurseries, selected acute nursing areas, psychiatric bed areas (omit receptacles), and wardtreatment rooms

(5) Medication preparation spaces

(6) Pharmacy dispensing spaces

(7) Nurses’ stations (unless adequately lighted by corridor luminaires)




(11)


(13) General care beds with at least one duplex receptacle per patient bedroom, and task illumination as required by the governing bodyof the health care facility

(14) Angiographic labs

(15) Cardiac catheterization labs

(16) Coronary care units

(17) Hemodialysis rooms or areas

(18) Emergency room treatment areas (select)

(19) Human physiology labs

(20) Intensive care units

(21) Postoperative recovery rooms (select)

(22) Additional task illumination, receptacles, and select power circuits needed for effective facility operation, including single-phase fractionalhorsepower motors, which are permitted to be connected to the critical branch

(23) * Clinical IT-network equipment

(24) * Wireless phone and paging equipment for clinical staff communications

A.6.4.2.2.4.2(10) The servers, routers and IT networking equipment comprising the clinical IT-network need to be powered by the criticalbranch.l To ensure patient and staff safety, safe system operation, overall systems effectiveness, and data and systemss security of personalinformation and clinical use data, the clinical IT-network needs to be managed in accordance with ANSI-AAMI-IEC 80001-1 Application of riskmanagement for IT-networks incorporating medical devices -- Part 1: Roles, responsibilities and activities . (See 7.3.3.7)

When the clinical IT-network employs wireless networking equipment, the ANSI-AAMI-IEC TIR 80001-2-3 Application of risk managment forIT-networks incorporating medical devices -- Part 2-3: Guidance for wireless networks , needs to be applied and followed.

A6.4.2.2.4.2(11) Wireless phone and paging equipment which are intergrated with the nurse call system or with a shared interoperable clinicalIT-network, for the purposes of performing enhanced clinical staff communications or performing distgributed alarm system communications inaccordance with ANSI-AAMI-IEC TIR 80001-2-5 Application of risk management for IT-networks incorporating medical devices -- Part 2-5:Guidance on distributed alarm systems , need to be powered by the critical branch. (See 7.3.3.5)





Public Input No. 284-NFPA 99-2015 [New Section after 3.3.22] Defintition: Clinical IT-Network

Public Input No. 288-NFPA 99-2015 [Section No. 7.3.3.5]



* Telephone equipment rooms and closets


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Organization: NEMA

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Public Input Number 285 (6.4.2.2.4.2 (10) and (11) (new))

6.4.2.2.4.2

(10) * Clinical IT-network equipment

(11) * Wireless phone and paging equipment for clinical staff communications

A.6.4.2.2.4.2(10) The servers, routers and IT networking equipment comprising the clinical IT-

network need to be powered by the critical branch. To ensure patient and staff safety, safe system

operation, overall systems effectiveness, and data and systems security of personal information

and clinical use data, the clinical IT-network needs to be managed in accordance with ANSI-

AAMI-IEC 80001-1 Application of risk management for IT-networks incorporating medical

devices -- Part 1: Roles, responsibilities and activities . (See 7.3.3.7) When the clinical IT-

network employs wireless networking equipment, the ANSI-AAMI-IEC TIR 80001-2-3

Application of risk managment for IT-networks incorporating medical devices -- Part 2-3:

Guidance for wireless networks , needs to be applied and followed.

A6.4.2.2.4.2(11) Wireless phone and paging equipment which are intergrated with the nurse call

system or with a shared interoperable clinical IT-network, for the purposes of performing

enhanced clinical staff communications or performing distgributed alarm system

communications in accordance with ANSI-AAMI-IEC TIR 80001-2-5 Application of risk

management for IT-networks incorporating medical devices -- Part 2-5: Guidance on distributed

alarm systems , need to be powered by the critical branch. (See 7.3.3.5)

Submitter Substantiation: There is a need for the NFPA 99 code to establish and define the

infrastructure requirements for a clinical IT-network, which is dedicated for use by clinicians and

patients. Such a network comprises the servers, switches, routers (etc.) and voice and data

communications equipment which are used to transport clinical data and information over a

shared IT network infrastructure. Defining the requirements for a Clinical IT network in the

NFPA 99 Code will ensure patient and staff safety, safe system operation, overall system

effectiveness, and data and system security of personal information and clinical use data which

can be transported on the clinical IT network.


6.4.2.2.4.2


(1) Critical care Category 1 spaces that utilize anesthetizing gases, task illumination, select receptacles, and fixed equipment










(11)













Definition for Critical Care Area is covered in NFPA 99: 3.3.137 Patient Care Space and is designated as Category 1 Space. Any references in NFPA 99 to “Critical Care Area” should be changed to “Category 1 Space”.







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Public Input Number 363 (6.4.2.2.4.2(1))

6.4.2.2.4.2

(1) Critical care Category 1 spaces that utilize anesthetizing gases, task illumination, select

receptacles, and fixed equipment

Submitter Substantiation: Definition for Critical Care Area is covered in NFPA 99: 3.3.137

Patient Care Space and is designated as Category 1 Space. Any references in NFPA 99 to

“Critical Care Area” should be changed to “Category 1 Space”.


6.4.2.2.4.2












(11)


General care beds

(a) Category 1 or 2 spaces with at least one duplex receptacle per patient

bedroom

(a) bed location , and task illumination as required by the governing body of the health care facility

(b) Angiographic labs

(c) Cardiac catheterization labs

(d) Coronary care units

(e) Hemodialysis rooms or areas

(f) Emergency room treatment areas (select)

(g) Human physiology labs

(h) Intensive care units

(i) Postoperative recovery rooms (select)



The term “room” was removed from the document and replaced with “space” as part of the 2015 edition. This change is intended to correlate with the changes to risk categories. The term “patient bedroom was changed” to “patient bed location” to correlate with 6.3.2.2.1.1.




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Public Input Number 483 (6.4.2.2.4.2(8)(a))

6.4.2.2.4.2


(a) General care beds Category 1 or 2 spaces with at least one duplex receptacle per patient

bedroom bed location, and task illumination as required by the governing body of the health care

facility

Submitter Substantiation: The term “room” was removed from the document and replaced

with “space” as part of the 2015 edition. This change is intended to correlate with the changes to

risk categories. The term “patient bedroom was changed” to “patient bed location” to correlate

with 6.3.2.2.1.1.


6.4.2.2.4.2


(1) Critical care spaces that utilize anesthetizing gases where deep sedation or generawhere deep sedation or general anesthesia isadministeredl anestesia is administred , task illumination, select receptacles, and fixed equipment










(11)













Replaced the term “anesthetizing gases” with “deep sedation or general anesthesia” to provide similar terminology already used in sections 6.3.2.2.11.1, 6.3.4.1.3 and 6.3.4.1.1.




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6.4.2.2.4.2

(1) Critical care spaces that utilize anesthetizing gases where deep sedation or general

anesthesia is administered, task illumination, select receptacles, and fixed equipment

Submitter Substantiation: Replaced the term “anesthetizing gases” with “deep sedation or

general anesthesia” to provide similar terminology already used in sections 6.3.2.2.11.1,

6.3.4.1.3 and 6.3.4.1.1.


6.4.2.2.4.2



(2) Isolated power systems in special environments wet procedure locations









(11)













The term “special environments” is not defined. Replacing this term with “wet procedure locations” correlates with 6.3.2.2.8




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6.4.2.2.4.2

(2) Isolated power systems in special environments wet procedure locations

Submitter Substantiation: The term “special environments” is not defined. Replacing this term

with “wet procedure locations” correlates with 6.3.2.2.8.

Public Input No. 492-NFPA 99-2015 [ Section No. 6.4.2.2.6.2(A) ]

(A)

The number of receptacles on a single branch circuit for areas described in 6.4.2.2.4.2(8) shall be minimized to limit the effects of a branch-circuit outage.


The requirement to “minimize” the number of receptacles is not quantified and therefore is unenforceable language.




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6.4.2.2.6.4 Mechanical Protection of the Life Safety and Critical Branches.

The wiring of the life safety and critical branches shall be mechanically protected by raceways , a raceway system, or a cable having a metallicarmor or sheathing assembly , as defined in NFPA 70, National Electrical Code.


UL 1569 states :25.6 The length of cable being tested is to be advanced to and crushed at each of the successive marks for a total of ten crushes. Round cable is not acceptable if the average of the ten crushing trials is less than 1000 lbf or 4448 N or 454 kgf for a test sample containing 14 AWG conductors. Round cable is not acceptable if the average of the ten crushing trials is less than 2000 lbf or 8896 N or 907 kgf for a test sample containing 2 AWG conductors. Clearly Type MC Cable designed in accordance with UL 1569 and constructed to meet the rigorous requirements of NFPA 70 - 517.13(A), that are also to be protected within suspended ceilings and wall cavities. The extensive crush and impact studies done to meet the minimum UL 1569 standard proves that Type MC Cable is robust enough to be placed in walls and ceilings without any risk of mechanical damage.

By expanding the language to metallic armor or sheathing the use of a proven listed and labeled product, as a permitted Chapter 3 Wiring Method in the National Electrical Code. While Section 517.30(C)(3)(3) already permits these flexible metallic sheathed cables to be used in specific conditions, it is our belief that normal Health Care Facility Type Cable would perform no differently during the construction process where it will be inspected and enclosed behind barriers to prevent mechanical damage. While Section 517.30(C)(3) does not specifically permit the use of Type MC-HCF Cables, during the 2017 NEC Code Making Panel process it was specified that NFPA 99 has to lead the charge and the NEC will follow. Doing so will permit this proven and durable wiring method to be used in Critical and Life Safety Branches.

Also due to no definition of the term "mechanical protection" the metallic armor or sheathing would provide adequate protection due to the crush tests required by UL 1569. Article 320 and 330 of the National Electrical Code only prohibit Type MC or AC Cable in locations subject to physical damage. The vast majority of these critical and life safety branch circuits are above ceilings and in walls which removes the physical damage component and clearly the metallic armor or sheathing exceeds any level of mechanical protection needed in these controlled environments.


Submitter Full Name: PAUL ABERNATHY

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Submittal Date: Fri Apr 24 17:10:51 EDT 2015


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6.4.3.2.7

If the emergency power source fails during a test, provisions shall be made to immediately retransfer to the normal source.


Move 6.4.3.2.7 to new section 6.4.2.1.5.15 Retransfer."If the emergency power source fails during a test, provisions shall be made to immediately retransfer to the normal source."Renumber existing 6.4.2.1.5.15 to 6.4.2.1.5.16 and subsequent sections

substantiation:This requirement describes a performance feature required for automatic transfer switches and as such is more appropriate to be included under 6.4.2.1.4 “Automatic Transfer Switch Features” rather than under




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6.4.4.1.1 Maintenance and Testing of Alternate Power Source and , Transfer Switches, and other equipment .

6.4.4.1.1.1 Maintenance of Alternate Power Source.

The generator set or other alternate power source and associated equipment, including all appurtenance parts, shall be so maintained as to becapable of supplying service within the shortest time practicable and within the 10-second interval specified in 6.4.1.1.11 and 6.4.3.1.

6.4.4.1.1.2

The 10-second criterion shall not apply during the monthly testing of an essential electrical system. If the 10-second criterion is not met duringthe monthly test, a process shall be provided to annually confirm the capability of the life safety and critical branches to comply with 6.4.3.1.

6.4.4.1.1.3

Maintenance shall be performed in accordance with NFPA 110, Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems, Chapter 8. Maintenanceof the electrical equipment for the life safety branch, critical branch, and equipment branch shall be maintained in accordance with themanufacturer instructions and industry standards.

6.4.4.1.1.4 Inspection and Testing.

Criteria, conditions, and personnel requirements shall be in accordance with 6.4.4.1.1.4(A) through 6.4.4.1.1.4(C).

(A)*

Test Criteria. Generator sets shall be tested 12 times a year, with testing intervals of not less than 20 days nor more than 40 days. Generatorsets serving essential electrical systems shall be tested in accordance with NFPA 110, Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems,Chapter 8.

(B)

Test Conditions. The scheduled test under load conditions shall include a complete simulated cold start and appropriate automatic and manualtransfer of all essential electrical system loads.

(C)

Test Personnel. The scheduled tests shall be conducted by competent personnel to keep the machines ready to function and, in addition, serveto detect causes of malfunction and to train personnel in operating procedures.


NFPA 110 Scope 1.1.1 only covers from the Level 1 and Level 2 power sources to the loadside terminals of the transfer equipment. Proper maintenance of the electrical equipment on the loadside of the transfer equipment is equally important.




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6.4.4.1.2.1* Circuit Breakers.

Main and feeder circuit breakers shall be inspected annually, and a maintained in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions and industrystandards . A program for periodically exercising the components shall be established according to manufacturer’srecommendations instructions .


Maintenance should be required according to the manufacturer’s instructions or industry standards.




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6.5.2.1.1.1

Overcurrent protective devices, on the line side of the transfer switch, serving the essential electrical system shall be coordinated for the periodof time that a fault’s duration extends beyond 0.1 second.


The allowance for “coordination” for faults beyond 0.1 seconds is valid only so long as at least one source of power, as required by 6.4.1.1.4, is able to supply the essential loads. If a cascading event takes place on the line side of the transfer switch, at least one source of power will still be available to supply the essential load, as required by 6.4.1.1.4.




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6.5.2.1.1.3 Overcurrent protective devices, on the load side of the transfer switch, serving the essential electrical system shall be selectivelycoordinated.

6.5.2.1.1.4 Selective Coordination shall not be required as follows:

(1) Between transformer primary and secondary overcurrent protective devices, where only one overcurrent protective device or set ofovercurrent protective devices exists on the transformer secondary.

(2) Between overcurrent protective devices of the same size (ampere rating) in series.


Cascading of overcurrent protective devices on the secondary of the transfer switch will render all sources of power on the line-side of the transfer switch useless. It won’t matter whether there are 1 or 10 sources of power as required by 6.4.1.1.4, if the overcurrent protective devices cascade on the secondary of the transfer switch, there will be a dangerous blackout.




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6.5.2.2.1.3

Each branch of the essential electrical system shall have one or more transfer switches.


Change to delete and re-insert this requirement before 6.5.2.2.1.6

substantiation:These two sections need to be consecutive as the contain requirements relating to the number and topology of automatic transfer switches.




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6.5.2.2.1.4

For the purposes of this code, Article 700 shall only be applied to the life safety branch.











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6.5.2.2.1.5


(A)


(B)


(C)


(D)












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6.5.2.2.2.1




(3) Alarm and alerting systems, including the following:

(4) Fire alarms

(5) Alarms required for systems used for the piping of nonflammable medical gases as specified in Chapter 5

(6)

(7) Sufficient lighting in dining and recreation areas to provide illumination to exit ways at a minimum of 5 ft-candles

(8)

(9) Task illumination and select receptacles at the generator set location



This section contains performance requirements which are in conflict of the requirements of NFPA 101.




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* Communications systems, where used for issuing instructions during emergency conditions


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6.5.2.2.2.1

(5) Sufficient lighting in dining and recreation areas to provide illumination to exit ways at a

minimum of 5 ft-candles

Submitter Substantiation: This section contains performance requirements which are in

conflict of the requirements of NFPA 101.


7.3.1 Information Technology and Communications Systems Infrastructure.

7.3.1.1 Premises Distribution System (Fiber and Copper).

7.3.1.1.1

Cables and installation shall be in compliance with NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, and TIA/EIA 568-B.

7.3.1.1.2

Distribution system cable labeling, record keeping, and alphanumeric schemes shall be in accordance with TIA/EIA 606-A.

7.3.1.2* Telecommunications Systems’ Spaces and Pathways.

7.3.1.2.1 Telecommunications Service Entrance Facility Room (EF TSER ).

7.3.1.2.1.1 General.

The entrance facility (EF TSER ) location shall be permitted to be combined with the telecommunications equipment room (TER).

7.3.1.2.1.2

Not less than two physically separated service entrance pathways into this location shall be required.

7.3.1.2.1.3 Remote Primary Data Center.

(A)

In a facility where the primary data center is located remotely, two EFs TSERs and redundant telecommunications service entrances shall beprovided.

(B)*

Electronic storage with a minimum capacity to store all inpatient records shall be provided at the building.

7.3.1.2.1.4 Location Requirements and Restrictions.

(A)

The EF TSER shall be permitted to be located with the telecommunications equipment room (TER).

(B)

Where the EF TSER is combined with the TER, the space and electrical power and cabling shall be added to the TER to accommodate thetelecommunications service provider’s space and access requirements.

(C)*

The EF TSER shall be dedicated to low-voltage communication systems.

(D)

Electrical equipment or fixtures (e.g., transformers, panelboards, conduit, wiring) that are not directly related to the support of the EF TSERshall not be installed in or pass through the EF TSER .

(E)

Mechanical equipment and fixtures (e.g., water or drainage piping of any kind, ductwork, pneumatic tubing) that are not directly related to thesupport of the EF TSER shall not be installed in, pass through, or enter the EF TSER .

(F)*

The EF TSER shall be located not less than 3.66 m (12 ft) from any permanent source of electromagnetic interference.

(G)

The EF TSER shall be located in an area not subject to flooding.

(H)

The EF TSER shall be as close as practicable to the building communications service entrance point.

7.3.1.2.1.5 Working Space (Reserved).

7.3.1.2.1.6 Security.

Access to EFs TSERs shall be restricted and controlled .

7.3.1.2.1.7 Power Requirements.

(A)

Circuits serving the EF TSER shall be dedicated to serving the EF TSER .

(B)

Circuits serving equipment in the EF TSER shall be connected to the critical branch of the essential electrical system.

(C)

A minimum of one duplex receptacle served from normal power shall be provided on one wall of the EF TSER for service and maintenance.

7.3.1.2.1.8 Environmental Requirements.

(A)

Temperature and humidity in the EF TSER shall be controlled in accordance with the manufacturer’s equipment requirements.

(B)*

HVAC systems serving the EF TSER shall be connected to the equipment branch of the essential electrical system.

(C)*

A positive pressure differential with respect to surrounding areas shall be provided.

(D)

Sprinklers shall be provided with wire cages or shall be recessed to prevent accidental operation.

7.3.1.2.1.9 Other Requirements (Reserved).

7.3.1.2.2 Telecommunications Technology Equipment Room Center (TER TEC ).

Each facility shall have at least one TER TEC space that meets the minimum requirements of this chapter.

7.3.1.2.2.1 General.

(A)

The telecommunications equipment room (TER TEC ) houses the main networking equipment and shall be permitted to also house applicationservers and data storage devices that serve the health care facility.


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(B)

Central equipment for other communications systems shall be permitted to be housed in the TER TEC .

7.3.1.2.2.2*

The entrance facility (EF The Telecommunications Service Entrance Room (TSER ) shall be permitted to be combined with the TER TECspace.

7.3.1.2.2.3 Reserved.


(A)

Electrical equipment or fixtures (e.g., transformers, panelboards, conduit, wiring) that are not directly related to the support of the TER TECshall not be installed in, pass through, or enter the TER TEC .

(B)

Any mechanical equipment or fixtures (e.g., water or drainage piping of any kind, ductwork, pneumatic tubing) not directly related to the supportof the TER TEC shall not be installed in, pass through, or enter the TER TEC .

(C)

The TER TEC shall be located in a nonsterile area of the facility.

(D)

In geographic areas prone to hurricanes or tornados, the TER TEC shall be located away from exterior curtain walls to prevent wind and waterdamage.

(E)*

The TER TEC shall be located not less than 3.66 m (12 ft) from any permanent source of electromagnetic interference.

(F)

The TER TEC shall be located or designed to avoid vibration from mechanical equipment or other sources.

7.3.1.2.2.5 Working Space.

Working space about communications cabinets, racks, or other equipment shall be in accordance with 110.26(A) of NFPA 70, National ElectricalCode.

7.3.1.2.2.6 Security.

Access to the TER TEC shall be restricted and controlled.


(A)

Circuits serving the TER TEC and the equipment within the TER TEC shall be dedicated to serving the TER TEC .

(B)

Circuits serving fire alarms, medical gas alarms, elevator communications, and communications systems used for issuing instructions duringemergency conditions (e.g., fire fighter’s phone system) shall be connected to the life safety branch of the essential electrical system.

(C)

Circuits serving other communications equipment in the TER TEC shall be connected to the essential electrical system.

(D)

A minimum of one duplex outlet shall be provided on each wall and shall be connected to normal power for service and maintenance.

(E)

Consideration shall be given to the reliability of power supply to the HVAC equipment because of its important function within the TER TEC .


(A)

Temperature and humidity in the TER TEC shall be controlled in accordance with the manufacturer’s equipment requirements.

(B)

HVAC systems serving the TER TEC shall be connected to the equipment branch of the essential electrical system.

(C)

A positive pressure differential with respect to surrounding areas shall be provided.

7.3.1.2.2.9 Other Requirements (Reserved).

7.3.1.2.3 Telecommunications Room (TR).

7.3.1.2.3.1 General.

A telecommunications room (TR) houses telecommunications equipment, cable terminations, and cross-connect cabling.

7.3.1.2.3.2

Sufficient TRs shall be provided so that any data or communications outlet in the building can be reached without exceeding 90 m (292 ft)maximum pathway distance from the termination point in the TR to the outlet.

7.3.1.2.3.3 Reserved.


(A)

Switchboards, panelboards, transformers, and similar electrical equipment that are not directly related to the support of the TR shall not beinstalled in the TR.

(B)

Any mechanical equipment or fixtures (e.g., water or drainage piping of any kind, ductwork, pneumatic tubing) not directly related to the supportof the TR shall not be installed in, pass through, or enter the TR.

(C)

In geographic areas prone to hurricanes or tornados, TRs shall be located away from exterior curtain walls to prevent wind and water damage.

(D)*

The TR shall be located a minimum of 3.66 m (12 ft) from any permanent source of electromagnetic interference.

(E)

A minimum of one TR shall be on each floor of the facility.

(F)

A TR shall serve a maximum of 1858 m2 (20,000 ft2) of usable space on a single floor.


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7.3.1.2.3.5 Working Space.

Working space about communications cabinets, racks, or other equipment shall be in accordance with 110.26(A) of NFPA 70, National ElectricalCode.

7.3.1.2.3.6 Security.

Access to TRs shall be restricted and controlled.


(A)

Circuits serving the TR and the equipment within the TR shall be dedicated to serving the TR.

(B)

Circuits serving the TR shall be connected to the critical branch of the essential electrical system.

(C)

A minimum of one duplex receptacle shall be provided in each TR and shall be connected to normal power for service and maintenance.


(A)

Temperature and humidity in the TR shall be controlled in accordance with the manufacturer’s equipment requirements.

(B)

Sprinklers shall be provided with wire cages or shall be recessed to prevent accidental discharge.

7.3.1.2.3.9 Other Requirements.

Dropped ceilings shall not be installed in the TR.

7.3.1.2.4 Cabling Pathways and Raceway Requirements.

7.3.1.2.4.1 Backbone Distribution.

Redundant pathways shall be provided between the EF TSER and TER TEC .

7.3.1.2.4.2

Conduits shall be provided for cabling in inaccessible ceiling spaces.

7.3.1.2.5 Outside Plant (OSP) Infrastructure.

7.3.1.2.5.1 General.

Outside plant (OSP) infrastructure shall consist of the conduits, vaults, and other pathways and cabling used to connect buildings on a campusand to provide services from off-campus service providers.

7.3.1.2.5.2 Pathways.

(A)

Dual telecommunications service entrance pathways shall be provided to the TEF.

(B)

Service entrance pathways shall be a minimum of 6.1 m (20 ft) apart.

(C)

Underground conduits for technology systems shall be a minimum of 0.61 m (2 ft) from underground steam and water piping if crossingperpendicularly, and a minimum of 1.83 m (6 ft) if parallel.

(D)

Underground conduits for technology systems shall be a minimum of 0.61 m (2 ft) below grade.

7.3.1.3 Antennas. (Reserved)



2014_FGI_HOP_communications_systems.docx 2014 FGI communications sections


coordinate the terminology of the section with FGI Guidelines. The different terminology is making it confusing to the design community and the AhJ's where both documents are enforced.



Public Input No. 450-NFPA 99-2015 [Section No. 7.4.1.1.1]



Submitter Full Name: CHAD BEEBE

Organization: ASHE - AHA

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1

Carroll, Elena

From: Pamela Blumgart <[email protected]>Sent: Wednesday, July 15, 2015 10:03 AMTo: Carroll, ElenaCc: Chad E. Beebe; Doug EricksonSubject: Re: NFPA 99 (A2017) PI Attachments - Copyright Permission

I am following up a request from Chad Beebe to send NFPA permission to use some FGI content in development of NFPA 99. Please see the following, and let me know if you have any questions.

The Facility Guidelines Institute (FGI) grants NFPA permission to include the following excerpts from the 2014 FGI Guidelines for Design and Construction of Hospitals and Outpatient Facilities in drafts of the 2017 edition of NFPA 99: Health Care Facilities Code that are submitted for public review:

Section 2.1‐8.3.7, Call Systems Section 2.1‐8.5, Communications Systems Table 2.1‐2, Locations of Nurse Call Devices in Hospitals Section 2.2‐3.13, Hyperbaric Suite

Published editions of NFPA 99 will include cross‐references to this material from the 2014 FGI Guidelines.

In accordance with the referencing procedures adopted in NFPA standards, the original document for the referenced material listed above shall be identified as follows:

Facility Guidelines Institute, 2014, Guidelines for Design and Construction of Hospitals and Outpatient Facilities (Chicago: American Society for Healthcare Engineering).

Pamela James Blumgart Managing Editor Facility Guidelines Institute www.fgiguidelines.org [email protected] 202‐286‐3258

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Excerpt from the 2014 FGI Guidelines for Design and Construction of Hospitals and Outpatient Facilities

FOR USE OF NFPA 99 COMMITTEES ONLY

Chapter 2.1, Common Elements for Hospitals

*2.1-8.5 Communications Systems

A2.1-8.5 Technology and medical communication rooms typically include space

for data and voice communication, patient monitoring and alarm, nurse call,

hospital information, digital imaging (PACS), security, building automation, fire

and life safety, telemedicine/teleconferencing systems equipment, and personal

mobile (wireless) devices. Today’s health care facilities rely on data, voice, and

other medical communication technologies and depend on these systems to

provide patient care. These systems are an essential, “life critical” utility for

hospitals. The convergence of these communication systems continues to

increase the demand and need for well-designed systems and adequate space to

accommodate them. The small communication “closets” of the past no longer

support the systems and equipment.

*2.1-8.5.1 Telecommunications Service Entrance Room

The telecommunications service entrance room (TSER) houses the point at which outside carrier data and

voice circuits and services enter the facility and outdoor cabling interfaces with the building’s internal

cabling infrastructure.

A2.1-8.5.1 All elements of the design for the TSER should be coordinated with

the service provider throughout the design, procurement, and installation of

telecommunications services to ensure that adequate space, cooling, and

electrical requirements are met.

*2.1-8.5.1.1 Number. Each hospital shall have at least one TSER that is dedicated to the

telecommunications function and related support facilities and meets all of the requirements of this

section.

A2.1-8.5.1.1 If the hospital depends on applications served off-site or served by

other facilities such as an off-site data center, the facility should consider having

two TSERs.

2.1-8.5.1.2 Size. The TSER shall have minimum dimensions of 12 feet by 14 feet (3.66 meters by 4.27

meters).

*2.1-8.5.1.3 Location and access requirements

A2.1-8.5.1.3 The TSER should be located in a dry area not subject to flooding, as

close as practicable to the building entrance point, and next to the electrical

service room to reduce the length of bonding conductor to the electrical

grounding system.

(1) Access to the TSER shall be restricted and controlled by an access control system.

*(2) Combination of the TSER and the technology equipment center shall be permitted.

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A2.1-8.5.1.3 (2) If physical separation is necessary in this combined space, a

chain link fence is an acceptable approach.

*2.1-8.5.1.4 Building system requirements

A2.1-8.5.1.4 A dry pipe, pre-action, fire suppression system is recommended in

all TSER spaces.

(1) Mechanical and electrical equipment and fixtures that are not directly related to the support of the

TSER shall not be installed in, pass through, or enter the TSER.

(2) Temperature and humidity in the TSER shall be controlled to the operating range of 64 to 75 degrees

F (18 to 24 degrees C) with 30 to 55 percent relative humidity. Reliable cooling and heating shall be

provided on a 24-hour-per-day, 365-day-per-year basis.

(3) HVAC systems serving the TSER shall be connected to the hospital’s emergency power systems.

*2.1-8.5.2 Technology Equipment Center (TEC)

A2.1-8.5.2 Technology equipment center. The TEC houses the main

networking equipment and the application servers and data storage devices that

serve the building. It is the heart of the information technology and

communications systems for the hospital. Sometimes referred to as a main

distribution frame (MDF), the TEC must be a sufficiently sized, environmentally

controlled, power-conditioned, fire-protected, secure space with limited access

that is located strategically to avoid any floodplain or other known hazard.

2.1-8.5.2.1 Number. Each hospital shall have at least one TEC space that is not used for any purposes

other than data storage, processing, and networking and that meets the minimum requirements of this

section.

*2.1-8.5.2.2 Size. The TEC shall be a size adequate to provide proper space to meet service requirements

for the equipment that will be housed there.

A2.1-8.5.2.2 TEC size. The actual size requirements for a TEC space can be

difficult to determine, particularly if the contents of the rooms have not been

clearly defined, but may be dramatically larger than such spaces have been in the

past. A growth factor appropriate to the needs of the facility as recommended by

industry organizations such as BICSI (Building Industry Consulting Services

International) or the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) should be

factored into the size of the TEC.


A2.1-8.5.2.3 TEC location and access requirements

a. The TEC should be located a safe distance from any transformers, motors, x-

ray equipment, induction heaters, arc welders, radio and radar systems, or other

sources of electromagnetic interference.

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b. The TEC should be located or designed to avoid vibration from mechanical

equipment or other sources.

c. Locations that are restricted by building components that limit future

expansion (e.g., elevators, building structural elements, kitchens, central energy

plants, outside walls, or other fixed building walls) should be avoided.

d. Accessibility should be provided for the delivery of supplies and equipment to

the space.

(1) In all buildings, the TEC shall be located above any floodplains, and in multi-story buildings it shall

be located below the top level of the facility to deter water damage to the equipment from outside

sources (e.g., leaks from the roof or flood damage).

(2) In areas prone to hurricanes or tornados, the TEC shall be located away from exterior curtain walls to

prevent wind and water damage.

(3) The TEC shall be located a minimum of 12 feet (3.66 meters) from any transformer, motors, x-ray,

induction heaters, arc welders, radio and radar systems, or other sources of electromagnetic

interference.

(4) Access to the TEC shall be restricted and controlled by an access control system.

(5) Combination of the TEC and the telecommunications service entrance room shall be permitted.

2.1-8.5.2.4 Facility requirements

(1) Mechanical and electrical equipment or fixtures that are not directly related to the support of the TEC

shall not be installed in, pass through, or enter the TEC.

(2) All computer and networking equipment in the TEC shall be served by UPS power.

(3) All circuits serving the TEC and the equipment in it shall be dedicated to serving the TEC.

(4) Reliable cooling and heating shall be provided. Cooling systems serving the TEC shall be supplied by

the essential electrical system.

(5) Temperature control systems in the TEC shall be designed to maintain environmental conditions

recommended in ASHRAE’s Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments or the

requirements for the specific equipment installed.

*2.1-8.5.3 Technology Distribution Room (TDR)

A2.1-8.5.3 Technology distribution room. TDRs provide a secure, flexible, and

easily managed location for the structured cabling systems, network electronics,

clinical systems, nurse call systems, and other technology and communications

equipment throughout the building. TDRs house a variety of technology systems

and system components and may house individual and departmental servers,

which can affect the spatial and support needs of the room. Typical systems and

equipment located in technology distribution rooms (TDRs) include the

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following:

a. Data network and voice communication equipment and cabling

b. Fire alarm system components

c. Building automation system (BAS) components and equipment

d. Security components and associated equipment/closed-circuit television

(CCTV)

e. Nurse call system components and equipment

f. Distributed antenna system (DAS) components and equipment

g. Music and video entertainment components and equipment

h. Paging equipment

i. Medical gas monitoring equipment

j. Lighting control panels

k. Cable access television (CATV) components and equipment

l. Patient and equipment tracking systems equipment and components

m. Smart OR/IT and video switching equipment

n. Physiological monitoring and medical telemetry components and equipment

o. Audiovisual systems and components

p. Telemedicine

q. Picture archiving and communications systems (PACS)

r. Cellular amplification systems

s. Digital signage system components

2.1-8.5.3.1 Number

(1) There shall be a minimum of one TDR on each floor of the facility.

(2) TDRs shall be provided throughout the facility as necessary to meet the 292-foot (90-meter)

maximum cable distance required for Ethernet cables from the termination point in the TDR to each

wall outlet.

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*2.1-8.5.3.2 Size. All TDRs shall have minimum inside dimensions of 12 feet by 14 feet (3.66 meters by

4.27 meters).

A2.1-8.5.3.2 An inside dimension of 12 by 16 feet (3.66 by 4.88 meters) is

recommended for TDRs. A TDR of this size will allow for future growth and the

potential for an additional row of equipment racks.


A2.1-8.5.3.3 TDR location

a. TDRs should be located to avoid large ducts, beams, and other building

elements that may interfere with proper cable routing and may limit future access

to the cable tray and cabling.

b. TDRs should be located as close as practicable to the center of the area served

and preferably in the core area.

c. In a multi-story facility, TDRs should be stacked vertically so the entire

footprint of each TDR is directly above or below the TDRs on other floors.

(1) The TDR shall be located in an accessible, non-sterile area on each floor.

(2) Access to the TDR shall be directly off a corridor and not through another space, such as an electrical

room or mechanical room.

(3) Access to a TDR shall be restricted and controlled by an access control system.

2.1-8.5.3.4 Facility requirements

(1) Mechanical and electrical equipment or fixtures not directly related to the support of the TDR shall

not be installed in, pass through, or enter the TDR.

(2) Each TDR shall be connected to the technology equipment center to provide a building-wide network

and communications system.

(3) All circuits serving the TDR and the equipment in it shall be dedicated to serving the TDR.

(4) Reliable cooling and heating shall be provided. Cooling systems serving the TDR shall be supplied by

the essential electrical system.

(5) Temperature control systems in the TDR shall be designed to maintain environmental conditions

recommended in ASHRAE’s Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments or the

requirements for the specific equipment installed.

2.1-8.5.4 Grounding for Telecommunication Spaces

2.1-8.5.4.1 Grounding, bonding, and electrical protection shall meet the requirements of the latest version

of NFPA 70 and TIA 607: Commercial Building Grounding (Earthing) and Bonding Requirements for

Telecommunications.

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2.1-8.5.4.2 TGB (telecommunications grounding bus) bar

(1) The ground bar shall be drilled with holes according to NEMA standard to accommodate bolted

compression fittings.

(2) All racks, cabinets, sections of cable tray, and metal components of the technology system that do not

carry electrical current shall be grounded to this bus bar.

(3) TGB bars shall be connected by a backbone of insulated, #6 (minimum) to 3/0 AWG stranded copper

cable between all technology rooms.

2.1-8.5.4.3 TMGB bar. TGB bars shall be connected back to the telecommunications main grounding

bus (TMGB) bar in the telecommunications service entrance room. The main grounding bar shall then be

connected back to the building main electrical service ground.

(1) The TMGB shall not be bonded to anything other than the building’s main electrical service ground.

(2) Bonding conductor cabling shall be colored green or labeled appropriately.

2.1-8.5.5 Cabling Pathways and Raceway Requirements

*2.1-8.5.5.1 Outside plant infrastructure consists of the conduits, vaults, and other pathways and cabling

used to connect buildings on a campus and to provide services from off-campus service providers.

A2.1-8.5.5.1 Given the requirement for a highly available medical grade network

and communication systems, dual, redundant, and geographically diverse outside

pathways should be provided to meet the reliability requirements for medical

information systems. It is also recommended that these redundant outside

services be provided from diverse central offices if possible.

2.1-8.5.5.2 Pathways and raceways distributing cabling between telecommunications service entrance

rooms and technology distribution rooms shall be installed in conduit and in a manner that provides

physical security from damage.

Chapter 3.1, Common Elements for Outpatient Facilities

3.1-8.5 Communications Systems

3.1-8.5.1 Locations for terminating telecommunications and information system devices shall be

provided.

3.1-8.5.2 A space shall be provided for central equipment locations. Special air-conditioning and voltage

regulation shall be provided when recommended by the manufacturer.

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7.3.1.1.2

Distribution system cable labeling, record keeping, and alphanumeric schemes shall be in accordance with TIA/EIA 606-A B .


TIA/EIA 606-B is the current standard for labeling and administration.




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(B) *

Electronic storage with a minimum capacity to store all inpatient records shall be provided at the building.


Requirements for medical record storage are not within the purview of this document.




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(F) *

The EF shall be located not less than 3.66 m (12 ft) from any permanent source of electromagnetic interference.


This section is not enforceable because it fails to quantify the field strength level of electromagnetic interference.




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7.3.1.2.1.6 Security.

Access to EFs shall be restricted and controlled .


the term "controlled" is subjective and not easily interpreted




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(B)

Circuits serving fire alarms, medical gas alarms, elevator communications, and communications systems used for issuing instructions duringemergency conditions (e.g., fire fighter’s phone system) shall be connected to the life safety branch of the essential electrical system.


These requirements are sufficiently addressed within Chapter 6. Furthermore they are not within the scope of this chapter.




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Public Input No. 516-NFPA 99-2015 [ Section No. 7.3.1.2.2.7(E) ]

(E)

Consideration shall be given to the reliability of power supply to the HVAC equipment because of its important function within the TER.


The requirement to give “consideration to the reliability of power” is not quantifiable and therefore is unenforceable language and violate the NFPA Manual of Style.




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7.3.1.2.3.2

Sufficient TRs shall be provided so that any data or communications outlet in the building can be reached without exceeding 90 m (292 295 ft)maximum pathway distance from the termination point in the TR to the outlet.


90 meters equals 295 feet.The TIA/EIA 568-B standard confirms 90 meters (295 feet) is the correct conversion.




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7.3.1.2.3.9 Other Requirements.

Dropped ceilings shall not be installed in the TR.


This requirement does not affect the performance or reliability of the equipment in the space. There are no prevailing Codes or standards which recommend the practice of suspended ceilings in these areas. Designers are free to omit such ceiling systems if they feel it provides increased functionality. There for it is not necessary to mandate this requirement. In addition this requirement is not addressed for TEF or TER spaces in this chapter.




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Public Input No. 439-NFPA 99-2015 [ Section No. 7.3.1.2.5.2(A) ]

(A)

Dual telecommunications service entrance pathways shall be provided to the TEF EF.


"TEF" is not defined anywhere and it is difficult to determine if this is intended to be the Entrance Facility or if it was a typo and supposed to be the TER - Telecommunications Equipment Room




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7.3.3.1 Nurse Call Systems.

7.3.3.1.1* General.

The nurse call systems shall communicate patient and staff calls for assistance and information in health care facilities.

7.3.3.1.1.1

The nurse call systems shall be the audiovisual type or tone visual type and listed for the purpose.

7.3.3.1.1.2

The recognized standard for a listed nurse call system shall be ANSI/UL 1069, Safety Standard for Hospital Signaling and Nurse CallEquipment.

The locations of staff emergency call

7.3.3.1.1. 3 *

The nurse call system shall provide event notifications for one or more of the following: medical device alarms, staff emergency calls, code calls,and staff or patient requests for help or assistance.

7.3.3.1.1.4

Primary notification of nurse call events shall be provided by a listed nurse call system in accordance with 7.3.3.1.8 .

7.3.3.1.1.5 *

Supplemental features shall be permitted to include call notification to alphanumeric pagers and other wireless devices carried by health carefacility staff.

7.3.3.1.2 Patient Area Call Stations.

The locations of call stations and calling devices shall be in accordance with the requirements set forth in the FGI Guidelines and as required bystate and local codes.

7.3.3.1.2.1 *

Each patient bed location shall be provided with a call station.

7.3.3.1.2.2 *

A single call station that provides two-way voice communications shall not serve more than two adjacent beds with calling devices.

7.3.3.1.2.3 *

Call stations at patient bed locations shall be permitted to provide supplemental signaling of medical device alarms.

7.3.3.1.2.4

When provided, supplemental signaling of a medical device alarm shall be in accordance with 7.3.3.1.8 .

7.3.3.1.2.5

Bath stations shall be provided at each inpatient toilet, bath, shower, or sitz bath and shall be accessible to a patient lying on the floor.

7.3.3.1.2.6

A pull cord shall be permitted to enable access by a patient lying on the floor.

7.3.3.1.3 Staff Emergency Call.

3 The locations of patient stations, bath stations, emergency staff assistance stations, code call stations, nurse master stations and dutystations shall be in accordance with the requirements set forth in the FGI Guidelines

,

and as required by state and local codes.

7.3.3.1.3.1 *

A staff emergency call shall be turned off only at the station, room, or space from where it originates.

.

7.3.3.1. 4 * Code Call.

The nurse call system shall include provisions to summon assistance from medical emergency resuscitation teams, in locations set forth in theFGI Guidelines and as required by state and local codes.

7.3.3. 1.4 .1 *

A code call shall be turned off only at the station, room, or space from where it originates.

7.3.3.1.5

Call stations located in areas where patients are under constant visual surveillance, such as pre-op, recovery, and emergency units shall bepermitted to be limited to the staff emergency call and the code call, and two-way communication with the patient bed location shall not berequired.

7.3.3.1.6

Nurse call system provisions shall be provided for geriatric, Alzheimer’s, and other dementia units where:

(1) All call stations shall have tamper-resistant fasteners.

(2) Provisions shall be made for the removal or covering of call buttons and outlets.

(3) Call cords or pull strings in excess of 152 mm (6 in.) shall not be permitted.


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7.3.3.1.7

Nurse call system provisions shall not be required in psychiatric units, except for psychiatric seclusion ante/exam rooms where staff emergencycall stations shall be provided:

(1) Call stations shall have tamper-resistant fasteners.

(2) Provisions shall be made for the removal or covering of call buttons and outlets.

(3) Call cords or pull strings shall not be permitted.

(4) Control to limit unauthorized use shall be permitted.

7.3.3.1.8 Notification Signals.

The nurse call system shall annunciate each call visibly and audibly to all areas to where calls need to be directed and as required by state andlocal codes.

7.3.3.1.8.1

Notification signals for a code call and staff emergency call shall be individually identifiable and distinct from all other nurse call signals.

7.3.3.1.8.2

Activation of a call station including patient station, bath station, staff emergency station, and code call station shall activate the followingnotification signals:

(1) Visual signal in the corridor at the patient room door or care space

(2) Visual signals at corridor intersections where individual patient room door or care space signals are not directly visible from theassociated nursing station

(3) Visible and audible signals at the nurse master station and associated duty stations

(4) Visible signals at the calling station from which the call originates

(5) A visual or aural signal indication at each audio calling station to indicate voice circuit operation

Supplemental features shall be permitted to include call notification to alphanumeric pagers and other wireless devices carried by health carefacility staff.



2014_FGI_HOP_call_systems.docx 2014 FGI Guidelines sections on call systems.


These requirements need to be coordinated with the FGI guidelines. Over 40 states have adopted the FGI guidelines which provide the performance requirements for call systems. The FGI committee, which includes clinical, engineering and design input revises its standard for call system device location and functionality based on clinical needs of the patients in many areas of the hospital. This section of NFPA 99 takes a more holistic approach which may not be adequate to address specific patient needs in each department. as such, NFPA 99 should focus more on the installation requirements for these systems and leave the system performance needs to the FGI guidelines committee.




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Public Input Number 453 (7.3.3.1)

Revise all of 7.3.3.1 to read as follows:

7.3.3.1 Nurse Call Systems. 7.3.3.1.1* General. The nurse call systems shall communicate patient and staff calls for assistance and information in health care facilities. 7.3.3.1.1.1 The nurse call systems shall be the audiovisual type or tone visual type and listed for the purpose. 7.3.3.1.1.2 The recognized standard for a listed nurse call system shall be ANSI/UL 1069, Safety Standard for

Hospital Signaling and Nurse Call Equipment. 7.3.3.1.1.3* The nurse call system shall include provisions to summon assistance from medical emergency resuscitation teams, in locations set forth in the FGI Guidelines and as required by state and local codes. 7.3.3.1.1.4

Supplemental features shall be permitted to include call notification to alphanumeric pagers and other wireless devices carried by health care facility staff.

Submitter Substantiation:

These requirements need to be coordinated with the FGI guidelines. Over 40 states have adopted the

FGI guidelines which provide the performance requirements for call systems. The FGI committee, which

includes clinical, engineering and design input revises its standard for call system device location and

functionality based on clinical needs of the patients in many areas of the hospital. This section of NFPA

99 takes a more holistic approach which may not be adequate to address specific patient needs in each

department. as such, NFPA 99 should focus more on the installation requirements for these systems and

leave the system performance needs to the FGI guidelines committee.

1

Carroll, Elena

From: Pamela Blumgart <[email protected]>Sent: Wednesday, July 15, 2015 10:03 AMTo: Carroll, ElenaCc: Chad E. Beebe; Doug EricksonSubject: Re: NFPA 99 (A2017) PI Attachments - Copyright Permission

I am following up a request from Chad Beebe to send NFPA permission to use some FGI content in development of NFPA 99. Please see the following, and let me know if you have any questions.

The Facility Guidelines Institute (FGI) grants NFPA permission to include the following excerpts from the 2014 FGI Guidelines for Design and Construction of Hospitals and Outpatient Facilities in drafts of the 2017 edition of NFPA 99: Health Care Facilities Code that are submitted for public review:

Section 2.1‐8.3.7, Call Systems Section 2.1‐8.5, Communications Systems Table 2.1‐2, Locations of Nurse Call Devices in Hospitals Section 2.2‐3.13, Hyperbaric Suite

Published editions of NFPA 99 will include cross‐references to this material from the 2014 FGI Guidelines.

In accordance with the referencing procedures adopted in NFPA standards, the original document for the referenced material listed above shall be identified as follows:

Facility Guidelines Institute, 2014, Guidelines for Design and Construction of Hospitals and Outpatient Facilities (Chicago: American Society for Healthcare Engineering).

Pamela James Blumgart Managing Editor Facility Guidelines Institute www.fgiguidelines.org [email protected] 202‐286‐3258

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Chapter 2.1, Common Elements for Hospitals

2.1-8.3.7 Call Systems

Hospital signaling and nurse call equipment includes four types of call stations: patient stations, bath

stations, staff emergency stations, and code call stations.

2.1-8.3.7.1 General

(1) Nurse call system locations shall be provided as required in Table 2.1-2 (Locations for Nurse Call

Devices in Hospitals).

(2) Nurse call systems shall report to an attended location with electronically supervised visual and

audible annunciation as indicated in Table 2.1-2 (Locations for Nurse Call Devices in Hospitals).

(3) The call system shall include a priority hierarchy to account for the needs of specific patients (e.g.,

non-verbalizing patients or patients with a high risk of falling).

(4) In addition to these guidelines, call systems shall meet the requirements of UL 1069: Standard for

Hospital Signaling and Nurse Call Equipment and state and local requirements.

*(5) Use of alternate technologies that meet the requirements of UL 1069, including radiofrequency

systems, shall be permitted for call systems.

A2.1-8.3.7.1 (5) Nurse and emergency call systems should be tested and listed by

a laboratory recognized by OSHA’s Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory

(NRTL) Program in accordance with a standard applicable to health care

environments. Consideration should also be given to coordinating radio call

systems with existing hospital radio systems.

2.1-8.3.7.2 Patient call stations. A patient call station shall be provided to allow each patient to summon

assistance from the nursing staff.

(1) Each patient sleeping bed, except nursery beds, shall be provided with a patient call station equipped

for two-way voice communication. Use of a dual call station shall be permitted when beds are located

adjacent to each other.

(2) The patient call station shall be equipped with the following:

(a) A visible signal once it has been activated. An indicator light or call assurance lamp that remains

lighted as long as the voice circuit is operating shall be provided. In rooms containing two or more

patient stations, call assurance lamps shall be provided at each station.

(b) A reset switch for canceling a call

(3) The patient call station shall activate signals as follows:

(a) A visible signal in the corridor at the patient’s door. In multi-corridor nursing units or patient care

areas, additional visible signals shall be installed at corridor intersections.

*(b) A visible and audible signal at nurse call duty stations in the locations listed below:

(i) Clean workroom

(ii) Soiled workroom

(iii) Medication preparation room

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(iv) Documentation area or other charting facilities

(v) Nourishment area

(vi) Nurse master station of the nursing unit or patient care area

A2.1-8.3.7.2 (3)(b) The audible signal may be temporarily silenced provided

subsequent calls automatically reactivate the audible signal.

(4) Diagnostic and treatment areas. A nurse call system shall be provided in each diagnostic and treatment

area as required in Table 2.1-2 (Locations for Nurse Call Devices in Hospitals).

2.1-8.3.7.3 Bath stations. A bath station that can be activated by a patient lying on the floor shall be

provided at each patient toilet, bathtub, sitz bath, or shower stall.

(1) An alarm in these areas shall be able to be turned off only at the bath station where it was initiated.

(2) Bath stations in shower stalls and tubs shall be located 5 to 6 feet (1.52 to 1.83 meters) above the

floor, within normal view of the user and within reach of staff without the need to step into the shower

or tub.

(3) Bath stations shall be located to the side of toilets, within 12 inches (30.48 centimeters) of the front of

the toilet bowl and 3 to 4 feet (.91 meter to 1.22 meters) above the floor. A bath station shall be

permitted to serve both a toilet and a shower or other fixture if it is accessible to both.

(4) A bath station shall be permitted to serve a toilet and a shower or other fixture if it is accessible to

each.

2.1-8.3.7.4 Staff emergency stations. Staff emergency stations for summoning additional local staff

assistance for non-life-threatening situations shall be provided in each patient care location.

*2.1-8.3.7.5 Code call stations. The code call station shall be equipped with a continuous audible or

visual confirmation to the person who initiated the code call.

A2.1-8.3.7.5 Commonly referred to as a “Code Blue,” code call stations are

meant for use during a life-threatening situation to summon assistance from

outside the unit or department.

2.1-8.3.7.6 Alarm in psychiatric nursing units. A nurse call is not required in psychiatric units, but if

one is included the following shall apply:

(1) Provisions shall be made for easy removal or for covering of call button outlets.

(2) All hardware shall have tamper-resistant fasteners.

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Table 2.1-2

Locations for Nurse Call Devices in Hospitals

KEY: Required Optional

Section Location Patient

Station

Bath

Station

Emergency Staff

Assistance Station

Code Call

Station

Nurse Master

Station

Duty

Station Notes

NURSING UNITS

2.1-2.2.6 Patient toilet room 2

2.1-2.2.7 Patient bathing facility 2

2.2-2.2.2 Nursing unit patient bed 1, 2, 3, 4

2.2-2.6.2 Critical care unit patient bed 1, 2, 4, 5

2.2-2.10.2 NICU

2.2-2.11.3 LDR/LDRP room 1, 2, 3, 4

2.2-2.12.3.1 Newborn nursery

2.2-2.12.3.2 Baby holding nursery

2.2-2.12.3.3 Continuing care nursery

2.5-2.2.2 Psychiatric patient bedroom 2

2.5-2.4.2 Dementia unit patient bedroom

SUPPORT AREAS

2.1-2.6.1 Nurse/control station

2.1-2.6.4 Multipurpose room

2.1-2.6.6 Medication safety zone

2.1-2.6.7 Nourishment area or room

2.1-2.6.9.1 Clean workroom

2.1-2.6.9.2 Clean supply room

2.1-2.6.10.1 Soiled workroom

2.1-2.6.10.2 Soiled holding room

2.1-2.6.11.1 Clean linen storage

2.1-2.6.11.2 Equipment storage room

2.1-2.7.1 Staff lounge

DIAGNOSTIC & TREATMENT AREAS

2.1-2.4.3 Seclusion rooms

2.1-3.2 Examination/treatment room

2.2-2.11.9 Cesarean delivery room 2

2.2-3.1.3.6 Emergency exam, treatment,

triage room

1, 2, 4

2.2-3.2 Observation unit patient

position

2.2-3.3.2 Operating room 2

2.2-3.3.4.2 Preoperative patient care area 1, 2

2.2-3.3.4.3 Phase I post-anesthetic care unit

(PACU) 2, 4

2.2-3.3.4.4 Phase II recovery room or area 1, 2

2.2-3.4.2.1 CT scanner room 2, 4

2.2-3.4.4.2 MRI scanner room

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2.2-3.4.3 Diagnostic radiography and

fluoroscopy procedure room 2

2.2-3.4.5 Ultrasound procedure room

2.2-3.5.2 Interventional imaging

procedure room

2.2-3.6.1.2 Nuclear medicine procedure

room 2

2.2-3.11.2 Endoscopy procedure room

2.2-3.4.8, 2.2-

3.6.8

Outpatient waiting and

changing area, including toilet

room

2

2.5-3.5.2.2 Electroconvulsive therapy

procedure room

2.5-3.5.3.2 Electroconvulsive therapy

recovery area

Notes

1. One device shall be permitted to accommodate both patient station and emergency staff assistance station functionality.

2. A visible signal shall be activated in the corridor at the patient's door, at the nurse/control station, and at all duty stations.

In multi-corridor nursing units, additional visible signals shall be installed at corridor intersections.

3. Two-way voice communication shall be provided with the nurse/control station.

4. One device shall be permitted to accommodate both emergency staff assistance and code call station functionality.

5. A patient station shall not be required in the NICU.

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Chapter 3.1, Common Elements for Outpatient Facilities

3.1-8.3.7 Call Systems Nurse call stations shall be provided as required in Table 3.1-2 (Locations for Nurse Call Devices in

Outpatient Facilities).

Table 3.1-2

Locations for Nurse Call Devices in Outpatient Facilities

Section Location Patient Station

Emergency Staff Assistance

Station

Code Call Station

Nurse Master Station

Notes

DIAGNOSTIC & TREATMENT AREAS

3.3-1 Interventional imaging (including

cardiac catheterization,

angiography)

2, 3

3.7-3.3 Operating rooms 2

3.7-3.4.3.1 Phase I post-anesthesia recovery

area

2,3

3.7-3.4.3.2 Phase II recovery area 1, 2

3.9-3.2.2 Endoscopy procedure room

3.11-3.3.2.2,

3.11-3.3.3.2

Electroconvulsive therapy

procedure room and recovery area

2

SUPPORT AREAS

3.1-3.6.1 Nurse/control station

1. One device shall be permitted to accommodate both patient station and emergency staff assistance station

functionality.

2. A visible signal shall be activated in the corridor at the door to the room from which the signal was initiated and

at the nurse/control station when one is provided.

3. One device shall be permitted to accommodate both emergency staff assistance and code call station functionality.

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7.3.3.5.1 General. Wireless phone and paging systems which are used for enchanced clinical staff communications and which can beintegrated with the nurse call system or with a shared interoperable clinical IT-network shall provide NRTL certified electrical safety and FCCcertifications which are appropriate for the intended use.

7.3.3.5.2* Wireless phone and paging systems which are used for enhanced clinical staff communications and notification of nurse call eventsor interoperable clinical alarm events shall be managed and controlled in accordance with ANSI-AAMI-IEC 80001-1 Application of riskmanagement for IT-networks incorporating medical devices -- Part 1: Roles, responsibilities and activities .

A.7.3.3.5.2 Currently, no standard exist for the certification of a wireless communication system having the specific intended use as a clinicalalarm communication and notification system. While desirable for enhancing clinical communications and optimizing clinical workflow, thesetypes of communication systems have inherent reliability limitations. For example, there is no notification at a wireless pager when it is out ofrange for receiving messages and there is no alert at the central station that the communication device is unreachable or return confirmationthat a message has been delivered or received.

There may be manufacturers of FDA cleared medical equipment which can have wireless communication capabilities that have been third partyNRTL tested to manufacturer specifications and which may be FDA cleared for a specific intended use. Such medical equipment would typicallybe certified to one or more ANSI-AAMI-IEC 60601 standards (e.g., 60601-1-1 General requirements for safety ; 60601-1-2 Collateral standardfor electromagnetic disturbances ; 60601-1-8 Collateral standard for alarm systems ; etc.)

The responsible organization may also contract with a provider of communication equipment to integrate a wireless communication system withnurse call system or with the clinical IT-network for the purposes of enhanced clinical staff communications. However, such an integration wouldnot be NRTL certified to any governing standard.

Therefore, when a wireless communication system is integrated with the clinical IT-network and used as a clinical alarm notification orenhanced communication system, it is necessary for the responsible organization to follow and enact the risk management requirementsestablished in ANSI-AAMI-IEC TIR 80001-1 Application of risk management for IT-networks incorporating medical devices -- Part 1: Roles,responsibilities and activities .

Further in this context, the end-to-end system integration and its management need to also conform to the guidelines established inANSI-AAMI-IEC TIR 80001-2-5 Application of risk management for IT-networks incorporating medical devices -- Part 2-5: Guidance ondistributed alarm systems.





Public Input No. 284-NFPA 99-2015 [New Section after 3.3.22] Definition: Clinical IT-Network

Public Input No. 285-NFPA 99-2015 [Section No. 6.4.2.2.4.2] Wireless Phone and Paging Equipment on Critical Branch




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7.3.3.7 Clinical Information Systems.

(Reserved)

7.3.3.7.1* General. The clinical IT-network shall be managed and controlled in accordance with ANSI-AAMI-IEC 80001-1 Application of riskmanagement for IT-networks incorporating medical devices -- Part 1: Roles, responsiblities and activities .

(1) The overall responsibility for risk managment of the clinical IT-network shall be that of the responsible organization.

(2) The responsible organization shall establish, maintain and be accountable for the clinical IT-network risk management file.

(3) Top management shall be accountable for all policies, resources and risk managment processes as prescribed in the 80001-1standard.

(4) Top management shall appoint a clinical IT-network risk manager.

(5) The clinical IT-network risk manager shall be responsible for all duties and requirements prescribed in the 80001-1 standard.

(6) Manufacturers for each device placed on the clinical IT-network shall provide all rquired documentation prescribed in the 80001-1standard.

(7) Top management shall be accountable for document control and procedures as prescribed in the 80001-1 standard.

A.7.3.3.7.1 As the clinical environment becomes more and more automated, integrated and evolved there is a need to ensure that the serversand networking equipment which transport interoperable clinical data and communications over a clinical IT-network are properly instituted andsufficiently managed. The ANSI-AAMI-IEC 80001-1 standard for risk management of IT-networks that incorporate medical devices is thegoverning standard by which the clinical IT-network needs to be managed.

7.3.3.7.2* It shall be permitted for the nurse call system to utilize the interoperable clinical IT-network provided that the nurse call system is listedto ANSI/UL 1069 Hospital Signaling and Nurse Call Equipment and certified for use in a "Shared Network" environment.

A.7.3.3.7.2 While all nurse call systems need to be listed to ANSI/UL 1069, not all nurse call systems may be certified for use on a sharedclinical IT-network. Only those nurse call systems which are listed for use on a "Shared Network" are permitted to use the clinical IT-network asthe means for nurse call system IT-network infrastructure.

7.3.3.7.3* The clinical IT-network shall provide at least two independent pathways where the operational capability of each pathway to eachdevice shall be verified through end-to-end communication.

Exception: When only one single addressable device is served (e.g., an end-point terminal device with a single connection to the clinicalIT-network, which is not part of the network infrastructure transporting clinical information between end points), only one pathway shall berequired .

A.7.3.3.7.3 To ensure an effective, reliable and resilient clinical IT-network, two independent physical pathways providing networkcommunications need to be provided. Both paths need to be at operational readiness at all times. Operational readiness can be ensured bycontinuous self-monitoring of each path. All equipment items comprising each clinical IT-network path need to be verified for availability by meansof communicaiton. End-point terminal equipment items (e.g., eomputers, monitors, discrete medical devices, discrete devices comprising thenurse call system, etc.), which are connected to but are not part of the clinical IT-network, only require one physical connection to the clinicalIT-network.

7.3.3.7.4* The normal and redundant clinical IT-network pathways shall not be permitted to share traffic over the same physical segment.

A.7.3.3.7.4 While each physical path of the clinical IT-network may comprise both hardwired and wireless IT-networking equipment, each pathmust maintain independent autonomous operational integrity. Network traffic on one path cannot be allowed to cross-over and utilize the samechannel of the other path at any time.

7.3.3.7.5 Conditions that affect the operation of the normal and redundant clinical IT-network pathways shall be annunciated as a trouble signal,when minimal operational requirements cannot be met.

7.3.3.7.6* Requirements for utilizing the independent redundant network paths and monitoring the operational integrity of the clinical IT-networkshall be established in the clinical IT-network risk management plan maintained by the responsible organization.

A.7.3.3.7.6 Examples for operational monitoring of the clinical IT-network includes but is not limited to the following:

(1) Environmental changeds including risks associated with data and system security vulnerabilities;

(2) Operational/performance feedback from both automated measurement and user feedback (e.g., speed problems, high error rates,equipment failure, malicious software attacks, etc.).

7.3.3.7.7 If monitoring indicates actual or potential conditions causing an increased risk in the operation or performance of the clinicalIT-network or any component comprising the network, the event management process established by the responsible organization (perANSI-AAMI-IEC 80001-1) shall be initiated.

7.3.3.7.8 The event management process for the clinical IT-network shall be documented by the responsible organziation and include at leastthe following:

(1) Switchover from one pathway to the other when deemed necessary;

(2) Record all negative events and remediation actions;

(3) Reporting of events, actions and findings by the clinical IT-network risk manager;

(4) Evaluate events, reassess risks and propose appropriate changes through change-release management processes; and,

(5) track all corrective and preventive actions leading to closure.


There is a need for the NFPA 99 code to establish and define the infrastructure requirements for a clinical IT-network, which is dedicated for use by


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clinicians and patients. Such a network comprises the servers, switches, routers (etc.) and voice and data communications equipment which are used to transport clinical data and information over a shared IT network infrastructure. Defining the requirements for a Clinical IT network in the NFPA 99 Code will ensure patient and staff safety, safe system operation, overall system effectiveness, and data and system security of personal information and clinical use data which can be transported on the clinical IT network.




Public Input No. 285-NFPA 99-2015 [Section No. 6.4.2.2.4.2] Power for Clinical IT-Network on Critical Branch




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7.4.1.1.1

HVAC systems serving the TEF EF, the TER, and TRs shall be connected to the essential electrical system.


TEF is not defined, but EF is.



Public Input No. 444-NFPA99-2015 [Section No. 7.3.1]

Should PI No. 444 fail committee, then the needs accepted at a minimum. Should 444 be successful thenthese abbreviations need to be updated to reflect the terminology of that proposal




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7.4.1.1.1

HVAC systems serving the TEF, the TER, and TRs shall be not connected to the essential electrical system.


Telephone equipment rooms and closets are required to be part of the critical branch of the essential electrical systems in a type 1 EES 6.4.2.2.4.2 (7). There is no requirement for this equipment to be connected to a type 2 EES and therefore there is no need for HVAC equipment associated with these spaces to be connected to the EES.




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7.4.3.5.1 General. Wireless phone and paging integration systems shall be in accordance with 7.3.3.5.






Public Input No. 285-NFPA 99-2015 [Section No. 6.4.2.2.4.2] Power: Wireless phone and paging equipment on Critical Branch

Public Input No. 288-NFPA 99-2015 [Section No. 7.3.3.5] Requirements are the same as with Category 1



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7.4.3.7 Material Management Clinical Information Systems . (Reserved)

7.4.3.7.1 General. Clincial information systems shall be in accordance with 7.3.3.7.





Public Input No. 284-NFPA 99-2015 [New Section after 3.3.22] Definition: Clincial IT-Network

Public Input No. 285-NFPA 99-2015 [Section No. 6.4.2.2.4.2] Power: Clinical IT-Network on Critical Branch

Public Input No. 291-NFPA 99-2015 [Section No. 7.3.3.7] Requirments are the same as that for Category 1



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7.5.1 Information Technology and Communications Systems Infrastructure.

7.5.1.1

Requirements for information technology and communications systems infrastructure shall be in accordance with 7.3.1, with exceptions asnoted in 7.5.1.1.1 through 7.5.1.1.4.

7.5.1.1.1

Dual service entrance pathways into the EF TSER are not required.

7.5.1.1.2

Power circuits serving equipment in the EF TSER , the TER TEC , and TRs shall not be required to be connected to the essential electricalsystem.

7.5.1.1.3

HVAC systems serving the EF TSER , the ER TEC , and TRs shall not be required to be connected to the essential electrical system.

7.5.1.1.4

Redundant pathways and cabling for the backbone distribution system shall not be required.


Update terminology to be consistent with FGI. at a minimum 7.5.1.1.3 needs to be fixed since it refers to "ER" which is undefined. I believe it was intended to be "TER"



Public Input No. 444-NFPA 99-2015 [Section No. 7.3.1] redefines terminology used throughout the document.




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Public Input No. 390-NFPA 99-2015 [ New Section after A.6.1 ]

A.6.2.4 (NEW) Facilities in which the normal source of power is supplied by two or more separate central station-fed services experiencegreater than normal electrical service reliability than those with only a single feed. Such a dual source of normal power consists of two or moreelectrical services fed from separate generator sets or a utility distribution network that has multiple power input sources and is arranged toprovide mechanical and electrical separation so that a fault between the facility and the generating sources is not likely to cause an interruption ofmore than one of the facility service feeders.


Various recent Standards Council decisions have clearly established that NFPA 99, Health Care Facilities Code, is a performance code. These same Standards Council decisions have clearly established NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, as an installation code. This is consistent with each document’s published scope. With this clear delineation established, NFPA 99, a performance code, cannot modify NFPA 70, an installation code. This modification cannot occur because NFPA 99, as a performance code, does not have jurisdiction over installation elements found in NFPA 70, or any other NFPA installation code. For this reason, certain elements of NFPA 70 must be written in NFPA 99. NFPA 70: National Electrical Code 2014 517.35 (C) contains language similar to what is show above. This language should be contained in NFPA 99 as direction for location of essential electrical system components. This reference provides additional information intended for implementation in the appendix to accompany the PI for new additional language in 6.2.4 addressing design considerations protecting the essential electrical system that are critical for operation from both man made and natural catastrophe. Recent natural weather events in the United States have exposed a design weakness in some facilities where redundant power was affected by flooding or other disasters effects. This provision will provide a reminder to all that location of power systems and fuel sources must not be affected by these events.



Public Input No. 389-NFPA 99-2015 [New Section after 6.2.3]




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Public Input No. 313-NFPA 99-2015 [ Section No. A.6.3.2.6 ]

A.6.3.2.6

Patient protection is provided primarily by an adequate grounding system. The ungrounded secondary of the isolation transformer reduces thecross-sectional area of grounding conductors necessary to protect the patient against voltage resulting from fault current by reducing themaximum current in case of a single probable fault in the grounding system. The line isolation monitor is used to provide warning when a singlefault occurs. Excessive current in the grounding conductors will not result in a hazard to the patient unless a second fault occurs. If the current inthe grounding system does not exceed 10 mA, even under fault conditions, the voltage across 3 m (9.84 ft) of No. 12 AWG wire will not exceed0.2 mV, and the voltage across 3 m (9.84 ft) of No. 18 AWG grounding conductor in a flexible cord will not exceed 0.8 mV. Allowing 0.1 mVacross each connector, the voltage between two pieces of patient-connected equipment will not exceed 2 mV.

The reference grounding point is intended to ensure that all electrically conductive surfaces of the building structure, which could receive heavyfault currents from ordinary (grounded) circuits, are grounded in a manner to bypass these heavy currents from the operating room.

Isolated power systems equipment listed and labeled in accordance with ANSI/UL 1047, Isolated Power Systems Equipment is suitable forinstallation and use in accordance with Section 6.3.2.6.


This proposal is being provided as a convenience to the code user. UL 1047 requirements cover isolated power systems equipment rated 600 VAC or less, intended for installation and use in nonhazardous areas in health care facilities in accordance with the requirements in Article 517 of the National Electrical Code, NFPA 70, and in the Standard for Health Care Facilities, NFPA 99. Products covered include:1. Isolated power centers, either cord-connected or permanently wired, consisting of a distribution panel that incorporates an isolation transformer, one or more isolated ungrounded secondary circuits terminating in integrally mounted grounding-type receptacles, a reference grounding bus bar, and line isolation monitor. Isolated power centers may have provision for connection of grounding conductors to remote grounding jacks, the room bonding points, and patient equipment grounding points. A permanently wired isolated power center may also have provision for connection to remote receptacles or indicators. 2. Convertible system units that facilitate a temporary conversion of the power supply for a power center from a grounded supply to an isolated supply. 3. Isolated power panelboards that incorporate the same features as permanently wired isolated power centers except that: a. They may be supplied from remote isolation transformers, andb. The secondary isolated circuits are intended to be connected by conduit to remotely located receptacles.4. Wall modular units containing isolated power systems. 5. Cord-connected isolated power centers, and panels intended to supply x-ray equipment only. The standard includes construction and performance requirements. There are 13 manufacturers who have products listed in accordance with UL 1047.


Submitter Full Name: RONALD FARR

Organization: UL LLC

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Public Input No. 400-NFPA 99-2015 [ Section No. A.7.3.3.1.2.1 ]

A.7.3.3.1.2.1

Patient care areas space and nursing unit support areas may contain many types of call stations with varying combinations of call initiationfunctions (e.g., code call, staff emergency, medical device alarm, help, assistance). A single call station can be equipped and configured toactivate a single call type or a number of different call types, and may have bidirectional voice communication capability.


The term "patent care area" is no longer used in NFPA 99. The term is replaced by "patent care space", see 3.3.127.







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