Technical Artifacts and Errors
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Transcript of Technical Artifacts and Errors
Technical Artifacts and Errors
Chapter 11
Artifacts
Anything that decreases the quality of the radiograph resulting in difficult evaluation and interpretation.
Problems with artifacts:– Increases unnecessary re-takes– May cause misdiagnosis
Consistent Artifacts
If artifact is appearing consistently, cassette should be identified and thoroughly cleaned inside and out.
If fault is persistent should be labeled as faulty and put out of use.
Common Artifacts and Causes
Film too Dark– Too much kVp– Too much developer time– Over-measurement– Machine not calibrated– SID not correct for grid use
Artifacts continued
Film too light– Underexposure, need to increase kVp or mAs.– Underdeveloped– X-ray tube failure– Incorrect screen-film combination– Out of calibration
Artifacts Continued
Film gray/Lack of Contrast– Too much kVp– Radiation fog due to exposure film– Light leak in darkroom– Film Storage issues– Exhausted chemical issues– Out of date film– Lack of grid with use of high kVp’s– Double exposure– Too high of wattage in safelight
Artifacts continued
Lack of Detail– Increased object-film distance– Blurring due to poor screen-film contact– Blurring due to patient motion– Blurring due to x-ray tube motion– Distorted image due to central x-ray not directed
at center of film– Double exposure
Artifacts Continued
Heavy Lines on Radiograph– Grid lines due to inappropriate use of grid– Roller marks from processor issues
Inconsistent film density– Collimation of primary beam– Bucky tray not positioned correctly– Light leak into cassette– Target damage
Artifacts continued
Black marks– Crimping or folding of film– Two films sticking together during development– Static Electricity– Developer on film before processing
Artifacts continued
Clear areas on film – Hair in cassette– Scratch in film emulsion– Line de to scratch on screen surface– Air bubble in film– Contrast medium on cassette or table– Film touching side of tank during manual
processing.
Artifacts continued
Yellow Radiograph– Fixer splashes on film before developing– Premature age due to improper fixation– Film sticking together during fixing process– Incomplete washing.
Motion
Double Exposure
Stuff in Cassette
Hands in view
Lead in the Way
Light Artifact
Cassette upside down
Static