Team:

CNRS-Technical Departement, Meudon: N. Amarouche (CNRS), J-Ch. Samake (CNRS), J. Frerot (CNRS)

GSMA, UMR CNRS 7331, Reims, G. Durry (Pr),E. Rivière (MCF), M. Ghysels (now at NIST-Washington), L. Joly

(CNRS), J. Cousin, Z. Miftah el Rhair (CNES-PhD)

In situ measurement of H2O, CO2, CH4 with the PicoSDLAlaser spectrometers during STRATEOLE 2.

DFB - InGaAsP :

1 m < laser < 1.8 mH2O , CH4 , CO2 GaInAsSb / GaAlAsSb :

2 m < laser < 2.75 m

SOURCES LASER:

DETECTEURS: InGaAS and InAs photodiodes …

NEW !

RT- QCL lasers !!proche infrarouge

H2O , CO2 isotopesH2O isotopes, N2O

moyen infrarouge

NEW !

Quantum Cascade Laser

E1

E2hLaser

L

Fo Fo -F

Laser Détecteur

Patmos Tatmos

NCH4

Principes

12 EEhchch LaserLaser

Laser

4,, CHatmosatmosatmoso

mol NLPTTkFF

Beer – Lambert law, weak molecular absorption F/Fo < 1% :

PARAMETRES MOLECULAIRES

Laser (TLaser, ILaser) = mol

TLaser

ILaser

Peltier Fo F1Laser

Laser

CH4, 40 Torr, 8cm, ~ 1.65 m

Fo

F1

6248 cm-16233 cm-115 cm-1

CO2 : (3001)III --- > (0000) at 1.602 m

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.54

-0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

R(6) R(30)

L = 10 m PCO2 = 13.3 mbar

R(16)

G. Durry & al. , Spectrochimica Acta A, Vol. 60, p3371, 2004.

SDLA, Sweden,THESEO-1999:

H2O at 1.39 micron

+ CH4

at 1.65 micron+

CO2at 1.60 micron

Micro-SDLA, Brazil,HIBISCUS-2004

Former balloonborne TDL sensors: SDLA, micro-SDLA

~10-4

~10-5~10-4

High selectivity, high signal-to-noise ratios, short measurement times.

CH4

OHOHmol NLk 22 Principle:

H2O Dynamical range of the

measurements !!!

InGaAsSb

Diodes laser à antimoniures: 2-3 micron

Stratospheric H2O, CO2, CH4, mission to Mars …

= 2.6 m

= 1.39 m

NEW

~ 800 g

PicoSDLA

Laser hygrometer

operated from weather

balloons

- Trends in stratospheric

H2O

- Satellite validation

- H2O in the TTL

G. Durry, N. Amarouche & al., Applied Physics B 90, 573–580 (2008).

H2O at 2.6 micron

CO2 at 2.68 micron

CH4 at 3.24 micron

A new generation of laser gas sensors : PicoSDLA

13

Operated as piggy-back …

CO2CH4

Canada, Timmins, August 2014, …

Bauru (22°S)Brazil (2013)

… launchedfrom smallballoons(500 m3)

16

Recovery by means of a GPS + mobil –phone.

CH4

Canada, Timmins, August 2014, …

CO2Z = 19.2 kmP = 65.01 hPaT = -57.9 °C

20 x 10 ms

Laser = 3.24 m

Laser = 2.68 m

CH4

Canada, Timmins, August 2014, …

PicoSDLA-CH4Canada2014

CO2Canada, Timmins, August 2014, …

Comparisons with Aircoreinstruments (LMD, …) underway …

Canada, Timmins, August 2014, …

Z ≈ 18,6 km

CO2

Test-flight, Strateole - configuration

~ 4 hours

Réalisation au GSMA « AMULSE I & II »

Poids 300 g

Cellule bi‐gaz (CO2/CH4)

Absorption directe

WMS* = sensibilité x 20

WMS* : Wavelenght Modulation Spectroscopy

AMULSE : AmosphericMeasurements Ultra Light SpEctrometer

Campagne de mesure à Lannemezan – Météo France ‐

CO2CO2+CH4

1650 g1990 g

CH4

CO2