Team 5 Jennifer Housel, Miranda Lindsey, Theresa Maliskey, Rachal Trigger, Marcos Vergez.
Transcript of Team 5 Jennifer Housel, Miranda Lindsey, Theresa Maliskey, Rachal Trigger, Marcos Vergez.
Stroke Risk in the African American
CommunityTeam 5
Jennifer Housel, Miranda Lindsey, Theresa Maliskey, Rachal Trigger, Marcos Vergez
The purpose of this presentation is to discuss the stroke risk in the African American
population. Demographic data, risk factors, cultural and environmental characteristics, as
well as population statistics will be used to demonstrate high level of stroke in this
population. Additionally, the Health Belief Model will be used to support the central
focus of this presentation.
Introduction
What is the stroke belt? Stroke Belt States
AlabamaArkansasGeorgiaIndianaKentuckyLouisianaMississippiNorth CarolinaSouth CarolinaTennesseeVirginia*Stroke Belt State locations and definitions of the region have changed over the years (2008)*
The “Stroke Belt” of America
10 published explanations. Higher prevalence of hypertension and
diabetes. Socio-economic factors. Rural or urban nature of environment (2008). Environmental exposures (2008).
Micronutrients in the drinking water and food supply
Lifestyle choices (2008).Diet, exercise, cigarette smoking
Explanations for the Stroke Belt
Demographic Data Describing Cultural Population
Population estimated at 44.5 million
14.2% of the total US population
Largest concentrations in the South
38% of residents in Mississippi
Recent immigrants vs. Many generations
Genetics vs. Environment and Lifestyle
Poverty rate 3x greater (24.5%)
Cultural Descriptors that Impact Health Risk Factors
Medical Conditions History of stroke or
transient ischemic attack
Hypertension Hypercholesterolemia History of heart
disease Diabetes mellitus Sickle cell disease
Describe Health Risk Factors in Your Population
Behavior Diet high in fat,
cholesterol, and salt Physical inactivity Obesity Alcohol use Tobacco use
Other Family history of stroke Age Race or ethnicity
The stroke mortality rate for African Americans aged 45 to 64 years is 3 to 4 times higher than for whites of the same age.
Stroke mortality rates are approximately 50% higher in African Americans than in whites.
The black-to-white stroke mortality ratio was consistently higher for southern states, with an average black-to-white stroke mortality ratio that ranged from 6% to 21% higher among southern states than in non-southern states
Statistics Related to Population and Health Risk Factors
Lack of access to medical care Lack of access to medications Lack of grocery stores/grocery stores with
limited selections Large number of fast food restaurants Poor economic conditions Lack of access to recreational facilities High rate of unemployment Social conflict leading to stress
Environmental or Community Risk Factors
Health Belief Model
Excerpt from British Dental Journal, 1999
Educate on healthy eating/cooking habitsPrint healthy recipes on pharmacy bags, back of
receipts Encourage early screening for risk factors
Conduct health fairs and set up booths at local event to help identify & educate the public
Educate on warning signs & importance of immediate action in event of stroke symptomsPublic service advertisements on local tv & radio
stations
Plan of Action to Address Health Issue and How to Implement Action Idea
Content of Presentation Related to Goals of Healthy People 2020
Improve Cardiovascular HealthPrevention of modifiable risk factorsDetection of risk factorsTreatment of risk factors for a stroke
Improve Quality of LifeEarly identification to improve outcomesTreatment Prevention of repeat cardiovascular events
The increased stroke risk in the African American community is rising at a startling
rate. It is critical to improve direct healthcare education, access to healthcare, and
treatment of early risk factors for stroke. While a large effort is needed to curve these
statistics in the adult African American population, it is of vital importance to begin health education during the early childhood
years.
Conclusion
Ashford, R., & Blinkhorm, A. (1999). Marketing dental care to the reluctant patient. British Dental Journal, 186, 436. doi: doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.4800135
Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2014). Black or African American populations. Examples of important health disparities. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/minorityhealth/populations/remp/black.html#Demographics
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). Heart healthy and stroke free. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/seh_handbook.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). Risk factors. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/stroke/risk_factors.htm
Fashionbrew. (2013). Inspiring: Two beauty pageant winners promote African fashion during their humanitarian missions [Photograph]. Retrieved from
http://www.thefashionbrewery.com/2013/11/two-beauty-pageant-winners-display-cultural-fashions-in-the-forefront-during-their-humanitarian-missions/
Healthy People 2020. (2013). Heart disease and stroke. Retrieved from http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview.aspx?topicid=21
Howard, G., Labarthe, D., Hu, J., Yoon, S., & Howard, V. (2008). Regional differences in African Americans’ high risk for stroke: the remarkable burden of stroke for southern African Americans. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1995237
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References