Teaching Structural Geology, Geophysics, and Tectonics in...

Zd

84˚3

0'84

˚

05

1015

20

kilo

met

ers

Ch

lori

te is

og

rad

corr

esp

on

ds

toth

e M

iller

Co

vefa

ult

Zch

Om

b

Zw

e

Zd

Cw

h

OC

bam

faul

t

GA

TNN

C

Om

b

OC

bam

Cw

Cn

t

Bra

ssto

wn

Fm

., A

nd

rew

s Fm

.M

urp

hy

Mar

ble

Min

eral

Blu

ff G

rou

p

Nan

tah

ala–

Tusq

uit

tte

Fm.

Pz

Pal

eozo

ic V

alle

yan

d R

idg

e ro

cks

in

Blu

e R

idg

e w

ind

ow

s

Gre

nvi

llian

bas

emen

t

ZsbZrb

Ric

h B

utt

Ss.

Ro

arin

g F

ork

Ss.

Lon

gar

m Q

zt.

Wad

ing

Bra

nch

Fm

.

Wal

den

Cre

ek G

r.

(un

div

ided

)C

wh

Cs

Cc

Ch

ilho

wee

Gro

up

Shad

y D

olo

mit

eR

om

e Fo

rmat

ion

Wilh

ite

Slat

e

San

dsu

ck F

m.

UN

CO

NFO

RM

ITY

?

UN

CO

NFO

RM

ITY

UN

CO

NFO

RM

ITY

Snowbird Gr.

Zw

e

ZamZd

Zch

Dea

n F

m.

Am

mo

ns

Fm.

Weh

utt

y Fm

.

Co

pp

erh

ill F

m.

Great Smoky Gr.

UN

CO

NFO

RM

ITY

?

Zw

e

ZamZd

Zch

Dea

n F

m.

Am

mo

ns

Fm.

Weh

utt

y Fm

.

Co

pp

erh

ill F

m.

Great Smoky Gr.Murphy Gr.

EXP

LAN

ATIO

N

WES

TEA

ST

Pig

eon

Silt

sto

ne

/ Met

calf

Ph

yllit

e

Yb

(Mu

rph

y-A

lum

Cav

e sy

ncl

ine)

July

15,

201

2

Tect

on

ics

an

d S

tru

ctu

ral G

eolo

gy

Res

earc

h

RD

H 7

/1/2

012

Un

iver

sity

of T

enn

esse

e–K

no

xvill

e

Ad

dit

ion

al e

xpla

na

tio

n in

sid

e fr

on

t co

ver.

Teac

hing

Str

uctu

ral G

eolo

gy, G

eoph

ysic

s,an

d Te

cton

ics

in th

e 21

st C

entu

ry W

orks

hop

Ch

lori

te is

og

rad

corr

esp

on

ds

toth

e M

iller

Co

vefa

ult

GF

RCFO

F

FBR

PR

HF

PF

N

Tuck

alee

chee

C

ove

Cad

es

Co

ve

Pz

Sto

ne

Mtn

C

Ravensford antic

line

Cartoogech

aye terra

ne

Duc

ktow

n an

ticlin

e

Epperson

sync

line

PC

G

36˚

36˚

GSM

NP

Tect

on

ics

Res

earc

h Meso/Micro

Structures,

Mechanics

Str

ain Analysis

Regio

nal S

tru

ctur

al G

eolo

gy

Dynamics, Thermodynamic

s Org

anic, Analytical

Materials Science

Chemistry

Physical, Inorganic

Continuum Mechanic

s

Min

eralo

gy

Eco

no

mic

Geo

log

yG

eoh

ydro

log

y

PaleontologyStratigraphy

Sedimentation

Geo

ph

ysic

sGeochem

istry

Geo

chro

nolo

gyM

etam

orph

ic

an

d Ig

neo

us

Pet

rolo

gy

Hydrocarbon

Exploration Geomorphology

Scie

nce

Alli

ance

C

ente

r of

Exc

elle

nce

W

hitestone

fau

lt

GSF

Ocoee R.

L

ittl

e T

enne

ssee

R.

Telli

co R

iver

Hiw

asse

e R.

N

84˚3

0'

35˚3

0'35

˚30'

83˚3

0'

35˚

35˚

84˚

M

D

83˚3

0'

129

40

Cw

Cw

Cw

Cc

TP

Zw

e

Zw

e

Zam

Zam

Zch

Zch

Zch

Zch

Zch

Zd

Om

b

Zw

e

Zw

eZ

we

Zg

b

Zw

e

Zd

Zd

Zd

Zd

Cc

Cc

Cc

Cs

Cs

Cc

Cc

Cn

t

Cw

h

Cw

h

Cw

Cw

hC

wh

Cs

Mille

r

Maggies

Cove f.

Cs Z

d

Zam

Zam

Rabbit

Cree

k f.

Zam

Zam

GSF

G/OF

MCF

GBF

GBF

GBF

GF

MCF

Zch

Zam

Zch

Zch Z

ch

Zw

e

Zw

e

Zw

e

Zw

e

Zw

e

Zd

Zsb

Zsb

Zsb

C

s

C

s

Zch

GSF

GC

F

Pz

Pz

Pz

Pz

Shie

lds

Mtn

Eng

lish

M

tn

Ch

ilho

wee

M

ou

nta

in

Zd

DCF

Gre

enb

rier

fau

lt

Un

rug

"fo

ssil"

loca

lity

&R

epet

ski 7

/03

sam

ple

(s)

July

15

Blu

e R

idg

e Fo

oth

ills

trip

Fiel

d t

rip

sto

p

Ad

dit

ion

al R

epet

ski 7

/03

sam

ple

(s)

Rep

etsk

i co

no

do

nt(

s)

Wes

tern

Blu

e R

idg

e G

eolo

gy

Sou

thw

este

rn N

ort

h C

aro

lina

&So

uth

east

ern

Ten

nes

see

Ma

p c

om

pile

d b

yM

ark

W. C

art

er 1

995–

1996

Wilh

ite

Sla

te

Ma

p c

om

pile

d (a

nd

mo

dif

ied

) fro

m:

Kin

g e

t al.

USG

S P

rofe

ssio

na

l Pa

per

349

M. P

. Au

sbu

rn e

t al.

(199

8) T

op

ton

qu

ad.

, NC

Geo

l Su

rvey

D. W

. Mo

hr

(197

5) N

ola

nd

Cre

ek q

ua

d., N

C G

eol S

urv

ey

L. S

. Wie

ner

an

d C

. E. M

ersc

ha

t (19

92) S

W N

C,

SE

TN, &

N G

A G

eolo

gic

Ma

p, N

C G

eol S

urv

ey

L. S

. Wie

ner

, un

pu

blis

hed

ma

p

Un

iv. o

f Ten

nes

see

un

pu

blis

hed

M.S

. th

eses

:

Un

iv. o

f So

uth

Ca

rolin

a u

np

ub

lish

ed P

h. D

. dis

sert

ati

on

M. W

. Ca

rter

(199

4)D

. J. G

edd

es (1

995)

J. O

. Co

stel

lo (1

993)

S. L

. Ma

rtin

(199

7)H

. E. P

hill

ips

(195

2)R

. I. R

ack

ley

(195

1)

Mo

dif

ied

by

J. R

yan

Th

igp

en, 2

003

an

d B

ob

Ha

tch

er, 2

003,

201

2

RD

H '0

3, '1

2

Zw

e

Zam

Zd

OC

bam

OC

bam

Cn

t

Hay

esville

2

3

3

45

6

8

11

109

1

7

441

Wea

r C

ove

Cc

Cc

Cc

Mill

er C

ove

syn

clin

e

Ch

GB

F

Fair

Gar

den

antic

line

Tow

nsFa

ults

D—

Duc

ktow

nM

—M

urph

yC

h—C

hero

kee

TP—

Telli

co P

lain

sW

—W

alla

nd

PF—

Pige

on F

orge

S—Se

vier

ville

S—Se

vier

ville

PC—

Pittm

an C

ente

rL—

Laur

elC

—C

osby

N—

New

port

G—

Gat

linbu

rg

GB

F—G

reen

brie

rG

/OF—

Gre

enbr

ier/O

cona

lufte

eO

F—O

cona

lufte

eM

CF—

Mill

er C

ove

DC

F—D

unn

Cre

ek

RC

F—R

abbi

t Cre

ekW

F—W

hite

ston

eH

F—H

ayes

ville

GC

F—G

uess

Cre

ekG

SF—

Gre

at S

mok

y

GF—

Gat

linbu

rg

Tenn

esse

eN

orth

Car

olin

a

1

Blue Ridge Foothills Field Trip

INTRODUCTION

3

3

PREAMBLE

2

Hatcher

(a)

(b)

(c)

5.5

0 10 20

6.9 8.

1M

odifi

ed fr

om K

litgo

rd e

t al.,

199

5, D

NA

G T

rans

ect E

3

Sh

ady

Dolo

mit

e

Mill

erCo

veth

rust

faul

t

unn

amed

thru

stfa

ult

Gre

atSm

oky

thru

stfa

ult

Sh

ady

Dolo

mit

e

Rom

e Fo

rmat

ion

shal

e

Rom

e Fo

rmat

ion

shal

e &

san

dsto

ne

Con

asau

ga G

roup

Sh

ale

(W) &

Lim

esto

ne

(E)

Wilh

ite

slat

e &

san

dsto

ne

Wilh

ite

slat

e &

san

dsto

ne

Dean

For

mat

ion

& o

lder

roc

ks

(Gre

at S

mok

yG

roup

)

Chic

kam

auga

Gro

up li

mes

ton

e (W

) & s

hal

e (E

)

Youn

ger

rock

s n

ot s

how

n

Wilh

ite

slat

e &

san

dsto

ne

Con

tin

enta

l sh

elf

Mid

dle

Ord

ovic

ian

basi

n

(Sto

p 1)

(Sto

p 2

)

(Sto

p 1

)

(Sto

ps 3

, 9, &

10

)

(Sto

ps 4

& 1

1)

Con

tin

enta

l sh

elf

Atl

anti

c O

cean

Rif

ted

con

tin

enta

lm

argi

n

Rif

ted

con

tin

enta

l mar

gin

Dean

For

mat

ion

san

dsto

ne

con

glom

erat

e, &

sla

te

Chilh

owee

Gro

upsa

nds

ton

e, s

hal

e

Chilh

owee

Gro

up s

ands

ton

e, s

hal

e

Kn

ox G

roup

dolo

mit

e an

d lim

esto

ne

Kn

ox G

roup

dol

omit

e an

d lim

esto

ne

Sev

ier

Sh

ale

(& s

ands

ton

e)

Sev

ier

Sh

ale

(& s

ands

ton

e)

Figu

re 1

. Thr

ee p

ersp

ectiv

es o

f con

tinen

tal m

argi

ns.

(a) D

efor

med

mar

gin

as s

een

on th

e fie

ld tr

ip s

impl

ified

into

a c

olum

n. (

b) A

ncie

nt N

orth

A

mer

ican

mar

gin

in e

aste

rn T

enne

ssee

(was

act

ually

faci

ng s

outh

, rat

her t

han

east

, loc

ated

in th

e so

uthe

rn h

emis

pher

e w

ith th

e eq

uato

r pas

sing

ju

st n

orth

[wes

t] of

her

e).

(c) M

oder

n A

tlant

ic m

argi

n of

f Nor

th C

arol

ina.

J

Volc

anic

rock

s

crus

tR

ift-s

tage

Per

i–G

ondw

anan

rock

sM

oho

T RJ

T RJ

KT

J

JJ

Oce

anic

Oce

anic

crus

tcr

ust

seis

mic

laye

r 2

seis

mic

laye

r 3

6.3

6.3 6.

7

7.2

7.2

5.6

8.17.

0

7.5

3


HIG

HL

AN

DS

OF

TH

E W

EST

ER

N B

LU

E R

IDG

E

Gt

Bt

St

Ky

Bt

Gt

St

Ky

05

10

15

20

kil

om

ete

rs

EA

STE

RN

BL

UE

RID

GE

TE

NN

ESS

EE

VA

LL

EY

OF

TH

E V

AL

LE

Y A

ND

RID

GE

83o

00' 35

o 52

'30”

83o

00'

35o

22'3

0”

84o

00'

35o 22

'30”

84o

00'

35o

52'3

0”

Hay

esvi

lle fa

ult

Gat

linb

urg

fau

ltsy

stem

Great

Smoky

fault

syst

em

Mille

r

Cove

fault

Gre

enb

rier

fau

lt

Fau

lts

Fold

s

Iso

gra

ds

Cam

bri

an s

edim

enta

ry ro

cks

Neo

pro

tero

zoic

met

ased

imen

tary

rock

sPa

leoz

oic

sed

imen

tary

rock

s

Mes

op

rote

rozo

ic g

nei

ssC

arto

og

ech

aye

terr

ane

rock

s

Exp

lana

tion

GSF

GSF

GSF

Figu

re 2

. (a)

Sim

plifi

ed g

eolo

gic

map

of t

he G

reat

Sm

oky

Mou

ntai

ns N

atio

nal P

ark

show

ing

the

sim

ple

win

dow

s (T

ucka

leec

hee

Cov

e, T

C; C

ades

Cov

e, C

C; a

nd W

ear C

ove,

WC

) and

the

min

imum

di

spla

cem

ent (

som

e 15

km

) est

imat

ed o

n th

e G

reat

Sm

oky

faul

t (G

SF)

mea

sure

d fro

m s

outh

east

of

Cad

es C

ove

to th

e tra

ce o

f the

faul

t on

the

edge

of t

he V

alle

y an

d R

idge

to th

e no

rthw

est (

red

arro

w).

Gra

y da

shed

line

s ar

e m

etam

orph

ic is

ogra

ds: B

t–bi

otite

. Gt–

garn

et. S

t–S

taur

olite

. Ky–

kyan

ite. (

Mod

ified

by

RD

H fr

om S

outh

wor

th e

t al.,

200

5).

~15 km

4

Hatcher

Tuckaleechee Cove

5


Foot

wal

l bro

ken

sequ

entia

llyfo

rwar

d as

han

ging

wal

l loc

ksan

d m

aste

r fau

lt co

ntin

ues

tom

ove. 1

23

4 Pat

hs o

f fut

ure

thru

sts

Dup

lex

Han

ging

wal

l

Han

ging

wal

l

Foot

wal

l

Uni

t A (w

eak)

Uni

t C (w

eak)

Uni

t B(s

trong

)

Foot

wal

l

Roo

f

12

34

Imbr

icat

efa

ult

bloc

ks(h

orse

s)Fl

oor

Figu

re 3

. For

mat

ion

of a

dup

lex

thru

st s

yste

m fr

om o

rigin

ally

hor

izon

tal s

edim

enta

ry ro

cks.

The

num

bers

indi

cate

the

sequ

ence

of

form

atio

n of

the

bloc

ks (h

orse

s) w

ithin

the

dupl

ex in

seq

uenc

e of

ant

erna

ting

wea

k an

d st

rong

sed

imen

tary

rock

s, w

ith th

e ha

ngin

g w

all l

ocki

ng a

nd b

reak

ing

the

foot

wal

l to

form

blo

ck 1

. Th

e ha

ngin

g w

all p

lus

bloc

k 1

lock

s ag

ain

and

the

foot

wal

l is

brok

en to

form

bl

ock

2, e

tc.

6

Hatcher

4

7


Osv

Osv

DM

Osv

C

Cr

OC

k

Cc

Cw

pC

Cc

Cc

Cc

Cc

Cc

OC

k

OC

kO

CkOC

kO

Ck

OC

k

OC

k

OC

kO

Ck

Cc

Cc

Cr

Cr

Cr

Cr

Cr

Cr

Om

Om

Osv

pC

Great Smoky fault

Miller Cove fault

Gue

ss

Cre

ekfa

ult

(floo

r)

Gre

at S

mok

yth

rust

(roo

f)

Valle

yan

dR

idge

NW

SE

Blu

e R

idge

Tuck

alee

chee

Cov

e

MillerCove

syncline

Sal

tvill

e fa

ult

OC

kO

Ck

Figu

re 5

. C

ross

sec

tion

from

the

Valle

y an

d R

idge

(NW

) thr

ough

the

front

par

t of t

he B

lue

Rid

ge in

sou

thea

ster

n TN

. Th

e se

ctio

n cr

osse

s Tu

ckal

eech

ee C

ove

and

illus

trate

s th

e m

odel

, bas

ed o

n th

e sm

alle

r-sc

ale

stru

ctur

e ob

serv

ed a

t Ced

ar B

luff,

to e

xpla

in th

e an

tifor

mal

nat

ure

of th

e fa

ults

ben

eath

and

with

in T

ucka

leec

hee

Cov

e w

indo

w a

nd s

yncl

inal

nat

ure

of th

e ro

cks

north

wes

t of t

he

win

dow

. p

– O

lder

rock

s so

uthe

ast o

f Tuc

kale

eche

e C

ove

thru

st u

p al

ong

the

Gre

at S

mok

y fa

ult.

w –

Wilh

ite S

late

and

rela

ted

rock

s.

– C

ambr

ian(

?) to

Cam

bria

n (C

hilh

owee

Gro

up a

nd y

oung

er) r

ocks

of t

he M

iller

Cov

e sy

nclin

e.

r –

Rom

e Fo

rmat

ion.

c

– C

onas

auga

Gro

up.

O k

– K

nox

Gro

up. O

sv–S

evie

r Sha

le. O

m–M

iddl

e O

rdov

icia

n ro

cks.

DM

– D

evon

ian

and

Mis

siss

ippi

an ro

cks.

S

ee F

igur

e 1

for m

ore

info

rmat

ion

abou

t the

nat

ure

of th

ese

rock

s.

C

CC

CC

C

8

Hatcher

9


Figu

re 6

. Pan

oram

ic v

iew

look

ing

E to

war

d C

edar

Blu

ff in

Tuc

kale

eche

e C

ove

win

dow

. R

ocks

exp

osed

her

e al

l bel

ong

to th

e up

per p

art o

f the

Kno

x G

roup

(h

ere

calle

d Jo

nesb

oro

Lim

esto

ne).

The

Gre

at S

mok

y fa

ult t

hat o

verli

es th

ese

rock

s w

ould

be

pres

ent a

long

the

high

est p

art o

f the

ridg

e to

war

d th

e S

E.

Sev

eral

SE

-dip

ping

imbr

icat

e th

rust

faul

ts a

re v

isib

le in

the

bluf

f tha

t pro

duce

d “r

ollo

ver”

ant

iclin

es o

r “sn

akeh

ead”

stru

ctur

es in

the

hang

ing

wal

l. P

hoto

s ta

ken

in D

ecem

ber 2

011

then

com

posi

ted

and

edite

d in

Pho

tosh

op 6

™ J

uly

2012

.

10

Hatcher

FIELD GUIDE

Drive east from Knoxville on U.S. 129 (Alcoa Highway) to Maryville, Tennessee, then southeast on U.S. 321/TN 73 toward the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Stop at the large cut on the right immediately northwest of Chilhowee Mountain.

STOP 1. Sevier Shale (Middle Ordovician), Guess Creek Block, and Blue Ridge contact (Great Smoky fault), Little River Gap, near Walland, Tennessee. Location: 35.7363° N, 83.8243° W.

PURPOSE:

Glyptograptus teretiusculus, Dicellograptus sp., Reteograptus qeinitizianus, Pseudoclimacograptus sp., Didymograptus sp., Glyptogaptus sp., and Pseudoclimacograptus angulatus

Nemagraptus gracillis Zone or the uppermost Glyptograptus teretiusculus

11


Chi

lhow

ee G

roup

rock

s

Sev

ier S

hale

Sev

ier S

hale

Sev

ier S

hale

Sev

ier S

hale

(and

san

dsto

ne)

(Coc

hran

con

glom

erat

e)

Not

e: T

here

are

num

erou

s su

bhor

izon

tal s

licke

nsur

face

spa

ralle

l to

the

face

of t

he c

ut in

dica

ting

sini

stra

l mot

ion.

DE

E

F

NWD

C

B

C

A

BSE

Figu

re 7

. S

ketc

h of

the

road

cut a

t Sto

p 1.

Ske

tch

was

con

stru

cted

in th

e fie

ld fr

om d

etai

led

phot

ogra

phs

of th

e ex

posu

re in

199

2 by

M

ark

W. C

arte

r, G

. Lan

don

Dav

idso

n, a

nd J

ames

A. H

elle

r as

part

of a

term

pro

blem

in a

UTK

gra

duat

e st

ruct

ural

geo

logy

cou

rse

(oth

er

data

they

col

lect

ed a

re n

ot in

clud

ed).

Sha

le, c

m-th

ick

turb

idite

laye

rs, m

inor

lim

esto

ne

San

dsto

ne

San

dsto

ne a

nd c

ongl

omer

ate

Mas

sive

san

dsto

nee

Con

glom

erat

e

Dol

omite

(Kno

x? h

orse

)

Expl

anat

ion

Sevier Shale(Middle Ordovician)

CochranConglomerate

(Lower Cambian)

10 m

eter

s

10 m

eter

s

10 m

eter

s

10 m

eter

s

10 m

eter

s

10 m

eter

s

Gre

at S

mok

y fa

ult

>300

km

dis

plac

emen

t

Chi

lhow

eeG

roup

sand

ston

e

Kno

xD

olom

ite

hors

eS

evie

rS

hale

The

diag

ram

is d

etai

led

enou

gh th

at y

ou s

houl

d be

abl

e to

loca

te y

ours

elf i

n th

is d

iagr

am a

s yo

u w

alk

alon

g an

d lo

ok a

t the

exp

osur

e.

12

Hatcher

NOTE:

NOTE: This is a stop where undergraduates are instructed in measuring planar structures and the differ-

the other fold-dominated where they are introduced to measuring planar structures and folds with a Brunton

Cove.

STOP 2. Miller Cove Syncline. Location: 35.7234° N, 83.8189° W.

PURPOSE:

3

13


NOTE:

and metamorphism.

Continue southeastward along U.S. 321/TN 73. Note the sudden appearance of darker-colored, more highly

and are in more highly deformed and metamorphosed (chlorite grade—note the greenish color, some due to

STOP 3. Tightly Folded and Cleaved Wilhite Formation (Walden Creek Group). Location: 35.6981° N, 83.8091° W.

PURPOSE:

NOTE:

explain the relationships in the small mesoscopic fold exposed here. This is one of the places in the world

Continue southeastward on U. S. 321/TN 73.

14

Hatcher

Figure 8. Folds at Stop 3. Note the shape of the folds compared with any you might have seen before in the Valley and Ridge, along with the presence of slaty cleavage. Also see the photo on the left on the front cover of the guidebook for another fold located ~25 m to the NW.

15


(a)

(b)Figure 9. (a) Overturned fold in Wilhite Slate following reworking of the roadcut along US 321 in 2012 by the Tennessee Department of Transportation (compare with the fold on the cover of the guidebook as it appeared before the weathered material was removed). The asymmetry of the fold and the thickening in the anticlinal hinge are still quite evident, and the bedding surface to the left still exposes slickenfibers of chlorite and Fe oxides (not visible in the photo), attesting to the multiple mechanism of folding. The light-colored nearly vertical material in the fresh rock to the upper left are thin zones of recrystallized quartz oriented parallel to cleavage, not visible in the old exposure. (b) Primary sedimentary structures exposed by the reworking of the roadcut. These features were not visible before, and serve as way-up indicators.

16

Hatcher

STOP 4. Graded Beds in Channels in Upper Dean Formation (Great Smoky Group beneath Wilhite Slate). Location: 35.6900° N, 83.7978° W.

PURPOSE:

NOTE: This is a great place to introduce the concept of strain partitioning, especially when students get out of the vans expecting to look at sedimentological features, which are rather spectacular here.

then immediately turn right and drive ~1 mi (1.6 km) to a small exposure of dolostone on the left side of the road.

xxxxx

xx

xx xxxxxxxxxx

xx x

β

Figure 10. Equal-area plot of structural measurements in Wilhite Slate from Maddens Branch locality on US 64 in SE Tennessee (From Hatcher et al., 1978, their Fig. 15). Red dots—25 poles to bedding (S0). x—location of the pole to the great circle (dashed line) best fit for the bedding data (β). Purple dots—21 fold axes. Purple xs—poles to the same 21 fold axial surfaces. Green dots—23 poles to cleavage (S1). Compare this small dataset with the plots of a larger dataset from the same rock unit distributed over a large area in SE Tennessee in Hatcher (1995, his Fig. 18–13).

17


STOP 5. Great Smoky Fault at the Northwest Side of Tuckaleechee Cove. Location: 35.6923° N, 83.7710° W.

PURPOSE:

to view a vertical cliff to the northeast.

STOP 6. Cedar Bluff inside Tuckaleechee Cove. Location: 35.6775° N, 83.7204° W.

PURPOSE:

their

NOTE:

Return to U.S. 321/TN 73 stoplight. Turn right and continue eastward on US 321 toward Pigeon Forge. Turn left

18

Hatcher

Ced

arB

luff

83°4

7'30

"35

°42'

30"

83°4

7'30

"35

°37'

30"

83°4

2'30

"35

°42'

30"

10.

50

1 m

ile

10.

50

1 ki

lom

eter

O�k

Osv

Zm

Osv

O�k

O�k

O�k

O�k

O�k

O�k

O�k

Osv

Osv

O�k

Osv

Osv

Osv

O�kOsv

Osv

O�k

Osv

O�k

O�k

Osv

Osv

Osv

Zm

Zm

Roo

f thr

ust

Imbr

icat

e th

rust

Hig

h-an

gle

faul

t

Lith

olog

ic c

onta

ct

Lith

olog

ic c

onta

ct(a

ppro

xim

ate)

N

Osv

O�k

Zm

Sev

ier S

hale

Kno

x G

roup

Met

calf

Phy

llite

Figu

re 1

1. D

etai

led

geol

ogic

map

of t

he in

terio

r of T

ucka

leec

hee

Cov

e w

indo

w (b

y R

DH

and

J. O

. Cos

tello

, 19

86, o

rigin

ally

pub

lishe

d in

Hat

cher

et a

l., 1

989,

and

mod

ifyin

g a

geol

ogic

map

by

Neu

man

and

Nel

son,

19

65).

Das

hed

faul

ts c

ross

ing

the

win

dow

wer

e m

appe

d by

trac

ing

zone

s of

sha

le c

hips

of S

evie

r Sha

le

sepa

ratin

g th

e fa

ults

in th

e K

nox

Dol

omite

. E

lect

roni

c gr

aphi

c by

J. R

yan

Thig

pen,

200

4.

19


STOP 7. Great Smoky fault at east end of Tuckaleechee Cove.

PURPOSE:

STOP 8. Views from Foothills Parkway

PURPOSE:

NOTE:type, structure, and topography. My common practice here is to place the geologic map on the ground along

STOP 9. Fold on Chilhowee Lake

PURPOSE:

20

Hatcher

TN

TN

73

73

MH

/RD

H '0

4

Jon

esb

oro

Lim

esto

ne

Jone

sbor

o

Lim

esto

ne

Gre

at S

mo

ky (

roo

f ) t

hru

st

Ojb

Ojb

Ojb

Zp

Ojb

Figu

re 9

. S

ketc

h of

Ced

ar B

luff

mad

e fro

m p

hoto

grap

hs.

Ojb

ñ J

ones

boro

Lim

esto

ne (u

pper

Kno

x G

roup

). p�

p ñ

Pig

eon

Silt

ston

e.

Orig

inal

dra

win

g by

Lib

by M

artin

, 198

6; e

lect

roni

c ve

rsio

n by

Mar

k H

unte

r and

RD

H, 2

004.

Figu

re 1

2. S

ketc

h of

Ced

ar B

luff

mad

e fro

m p

hoto

grap

hs (s

ee F

ig. 6

). O

jb—

Jone

sbor

o Li

mes

tone

(upp

er K

nox

Gro

up).

Zp—

Pig

eon

silts

tone

. O

rigin

al d

raw

ing

by L

ibby

Mar

tin, 1

986;

ele

ctro

nic

grap

hic

by M

ark

Hun

ter a

nd R

DH

, 200

4.

21


Figu

re 1

3. E

xpos

ure

of th

e G

reat

Sm

oky

faul

t on

US

321

at t

he e

ast e

nd o

f Tuc

kale

eche

e C

ove

win

dow

. Th

e lig

ht-c

olor

ed

foot

wal

l roc

ks b

elon

g to

the

Knn

ox G

roup

(her

e ca

lled

Jone

sbor

o Li

mes

tone

), w

hile

the

hang

ing

wal

l roc

ks a

re c

last

ic ro

cks

belo

ngin

g to

one

of t

he P

reca

mbr

ian

or o

lder

Cam

bria

n cl

astic

uni

ts.

The

ffaul

t zon

e is

rath

er th

in a

nd th

e ro

cks

bene

ath

rela

tivel

y un

defo

rmed

for a

faul

t with

400

km

of d

ispl

acem

ent.

The

pla

nar f

abric

in th

e ha

ngin

g w

all r

ocks

is a

lso

an o

lder

fo

liatio

n.

22

Hatcher

NOTE:here.

STOP 10. Chilhowee Lake W of Foothills Parkway

PURPOSE:

23


(a)

(b)

Figure 14. Recumbent fold in Wilhite Slate on U.S. 129 ALONG Chilhowee Lake. (a) View from perpendicular to the roadcut. (b) View parallel to the hinge of the fold.

24

Hatcher

Figu

re 1

5. F

olds

of b

eddi

ng d

evel

oped

par

alle

l to

slat

y cl

eava

ge—

pass

ive

slip

fold

s? U

.S. 1

29 o

n C

hilh

owee

Lak

e.

25


Figu

re 1

6. In

terb

edde

d fin

e sa

ndst

one

and

slat

e w

ith a

car

bona

te d

ebris

flow

at t

he ri

ght s

ide

of th

e ph

oto.

The

sm

all f

old,

and

oth

er s

truct

ures

not

vis

ible

in th

is

view

, pro

vide

hin

ts th

at th

ese

rock

s m

ay b

e ov

ertu

rned

.

26

Hatcher

STOP 11. Conglomerate at Chilhowee Dam

PURPOSE:

End of Trip. Return to Maryville and Knoxville.

REFERENCES CITED

in

27


(a)

(b)

Figure 17. Sedimentological and structural features in roadcut across US 129 from Chilhowee Dam. (a) Slate pebbles with vein quartz pebbles stuck to them providing the appearance that the slate pebbles were mudballs when they were deposited and accreted pebbles suggesting they may have become armored. Orange-weathering clasts are carbonate. (b) Slate and carbonate cobbles in a matrix dominated by white vein quartz. Small dark objects in the limestone cobble are quartz grains, most of which are composed of clear quartz and may be frosted. Pocketknife is 8.5 cm long.

28

Hatcher

in

Fault components, demonstrated by interested nuclear engineer.

Hanging wall(older rocks)

Fault zone

Footwall(younger rocks;note location of feet!)

Teaching Structural Geology, Geophysics, and Tectonics in...

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