Teaching and learning environment
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Transcript of Teaching and learning environment
You cannot teach a man anything; you can only help him find it within himself. (Galileo Galilei)
Autonomous Learner
The autonomous person as “the one who chooses for himself what to think and what to do”.
Application of learner autonomy in Application of learner autonomy in language teachinglanguage teaching
• Needs analysis: after consultation and assessment, the teacher may help the learner develop a profile of his/her strengths and weaknesses and suggest independent learning approach
• learner training: short courses or training activities that seek to introduce strategies for independent learning.
• self-monitoring: developing skills needed to monitor their own learning. for example, video record oneself to perform different tasks and compare their performance on the same tasks over time.
• learning counseling: regular meetings between teachers and learners to help learners plan for their own learning.
• learning resources: the institution may provide links to online or print resources to foster autonomous learning.
• follow-up and support.
What is Strategy?
Learner strategiesLearner strategies
Definition of Strategy:•Thoughts and actions, consciously selected by learners, to assist them in learning and using language in general, and in the completion of specific language tasks.•A plan of action designed to achieve a long-term or overall aim
Cognitive strategiesCognitive strategies
• repetition, organising new language, summarising meaning, guessing meaning from context, using imagery for memorisation.
• Metacognitive strategies• cognition about cognition, or more informally, thinking
about thinking, controlling language learning by planning what to do, checking on progress, and then evaluating performance on a given task
• How should I approach this listening text? (planning)
• What parts of the text should I pay more attention to? (planning)
• Am I focusing on the appropriate parts of the text? (monitoring?
• Did I understand correctly the words the writer used?(monitoring?
• Did I perform the task well? (evaluating)• What caused me to misunderstand part of the
text? (evaluating)
SocialSocial StrategyStrategy
• means employed by learners for interacting with other learners and native speakers. Social strategies in foreign language learning go hand in hand with communication
Affective StrategiesThey are concerned with managing emotions, both negative and positive.A positive affective environment helps learning in general. For example, Lowering anxiety levels with relaxation techniques is one kind of affective strategy
Importance of strategyImportance of strategy
facilitate the transfer of new information into long-term memory
Characteristics of good language learners
• Gusser• strong drive to communicate• opportunities of practice• willing to make mistakes• monitoring speech• meaning- oriented• good use of strategies
Learning style
Definition:
An individual’s natural, habitual and preferred way(s) of absorbing processing and retaining new information and skills.
What are types of learning styles?
Visual LearnersVisual Learners
• Learn through seeing and reading• Prefer written direction • Often good reader
Visual learners learn with:
( pictures, illustration, photos, graphs, diagrams and maps)
Auditory learnersAuditory learners
• Learn through listening and talking• Remember what they hear better than
what the see• Prefer to listen to instructions• Often like to talk on the phone or listen to
music• Learn best if they can hear and see the
assignment
Kinesthetic/ Tactile LearnerKinesthetic/ Tactile Learner
• Learn through doing• Remember hands on activity• Use their hands to build, create, plants, draw or
decorate• Learn the assignment best by using physical activity
Group learners
Group interaction and class work with other students and learn best working with others
Individual Learners
prefer to work on their own and capable of learning new information and remember the material better if they learned it alone
Authority-oriented LearnersAuthority-oriented Learners
Traditional classroom.. Clear instruction... Exactly what to do.
Importance of knowing about your learning styles helps you to:
Be more productiveIncrease achievementBe more creativeImprove problem solvingMake better decisionsLearn more effectively
ReferencesReferences• http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/words/xml-data-analyst-
languages?q=strategy• Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching (Cambridge
Language Teaching Library) 3rd edition• http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/knowledge-
database/cognitive-strategies• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metacognition• https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/knowledge-
database/affective-strategies• http://palmerlanguage.blogspot.com.tr/2011/10/language-
learning-strategies-affective.html• http://iteslj.org/Articles/Thanasoulas-Autonomy.html