Qur’an 2010 Page 7.1 www.madressa.net

INTRODUCTION TO CLASS 5AB – 11AB QUR’AN:

Teaching a child to read Arabic is a blessing and an honour, as you are equipping them with the ability to read the Holy Qur’an. HADITH about everything in existence prays for the forgiveness of the person who teaches the Qur’an, even the fish in the sea. With this weighty task in front of us, it is important to keep in mind that all success is from Allah.

We are now introducing recitation of Qur’an for all the Students, in the hope of bringing all our Students to one level of recitation.

For those Students who are in the process of learning how to recite Qur’an, a separate Qur’an Manual will also be given.

For those Students who are already reciting Qur’an, some rules included in this Manual will be taught to them to improve their recitation further.

All Students will do the Tafsir part of the syllabus and attempt the Qur’an Coursework which is at the beginning of this Manual.

Recite the Holy Qur’an and Memorise it. Allah (swt) will not punish the heart in which the Qur’an has been placed. (Imam Ja’far As Sadiq (A))

Qur’an 2010 Page 7.2 www.madressa.net

QUR’AN SYLLABUS CLASS 7 (10 YEARS OLD)

LESSON: TOPIC

LESSON 1: THE RESPECT OF THE HOLY QUR’AN AND

THE AKHLAQ OF ITS RECITATION

LESSON 2: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE HOLY QUR’AN

LESSON 3: DIVISIONS IN THE HOLY QUR’AN

LESSON 4: TAFSIR OF SURATUL LAHAB

LESSON 5: TAFSIR OF SURATUN NASR

LESSON 6: TAFSIR OF SURATUT TIN

LEVEL 5: FURTHER RULES FOR CHILDREN WHO CAN RECITE QUR’AN:

- PUNCTUATION - QALQALA - RULES OF LAAM - RULES OF NOON AND MEEM MUSHADDADAH - WAJIB SAJDAHS IN THE QUR’AN - ARABIC NUMBERS

Qur’an 2010 Page 7.3 www.madressa.net

LESSON 1: THE RESPECT OF THE HOLY QUR’AN AND THE AKHLAQ OF ITS RECITATION

The Holy Qur'an is a book containing the words of Allah. It should be treated with the respect it deserves. This respect should also extend to any book, such as this manual, wherein there are verses of the Holy Qur’an. In this lesson we will learn how to respect the Holy Qur’an and how to recite it.

1. The words of the Holy Qur'an should only be touched after doing Wudhu. Allah says: None should touch it except the purified.(al-Wáqi`áh, 56:79)

2. Always begin the recitation with Ta`awwudh. Allah says: When you recite the Qur’an, seek refuge in Allah from Shaitan, the accursed

(an-Nahl, 16:98)

Ta`awwudh means to recite øÁæÎêUìj»A øÆBòñæÎìr»A äÅê¿ êÉé}¼»BøI ågæÌå§òA Which means, “I seek refuge in Allah, from Shaitan, the accursed.

3. After Ta`awwudh, recite ãÈ×ãcáäoÂB ãÌÇåcáäoÂB ãÐÃÂB ãÈåtãQ which means,

“I begin in the name of Allah, The Beneficent, The Merciful”. 4. Even if you know the verses by heart, it is better to recite while looking at the words, as this increases the rewards many times.

5. It is Mustahab to recite the Holy Qur'an with your head covered and while facing the Qiblah.

Cover the head Face Qiblah

Qur’an 2010 Page 7.4 www.madressa.net

6. The Holy Qur’an should be recited without rushing, in a clear manner.

Allah says:

ý4þ æÚ×ãWåoáW áÉDåoâ»åÂB ãÄãäWánáÑ And recite the Qur’an in a regulated tone. (Al-Muzzammil, 73:4)

7. When the Qur’an is being recited, listen attentively and do not eat or talk. Allah says: And when the Qur’an is recited, listen to it with (full) attention, so that you may

be blessed with mercy. (Al-A`raf, 7:204) 8. Do not leave the Holy Qur'an open and unattended or in a place where it may be disrespected. Recite from it regularly and do not leave it unread on the shelf. Allah says:

And the Prophet (S) shall say, “O my Lord! Verily my people abandoned this Qur’an.” (Al-Furqan, 25:30)

10. Worn-out pages of the Holy Qur'an or paper with verses of the Holy Qur'an must not be thrown in the bin, Instead they should be Re-cycled or buried.

References Holy Qur’an, Tafsir of S V Mir Ahmed Ali The Science of Reciting the Qur’an, M Surty, Pages 30-34

Qur’an 2010 Page 7.5 www.madressa.net

LESSON 2: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE HOLY QUR’AN

Allah sent 124,000 Prophets for the guidance of mankind. To some of these Prophets, he gave a set of rules and instructions that the prophets left behind in the form of books.

The Divine Books were:

According to many traditions, the revelation of the Holy Qur’an began on the 23rd night of the month of Ramadhan (Laylatul Qadr). They began when the Prophet (S) was 40 years old and continued for the next 23 years.

The Holy Qur’an broadly contains:

1. Ahkam: These are verses about the Furu’-e-Din from which the Mujtahidín prepare the various Fatwas to do with Salaat, Sawm, Haj etc.

2. Tareekh: These are the verses that narrate the history of people who lived before our Holy Prophet (S).

3. `Aqa’id: These are verses that explain the Belief in the Unity of Allah, the Prophet (S) and the Day of Judgement.

4. Akhlaq: The verses outline the moral behaviour

that Muslims are required to observe.

TAWHEED ADAALAT N ABUWWAT IMAAMAT QIYAAMAT

TAWRAT to Prophet Musa (A)

ZABUR To Prophet Dawood (A)

INJIL to Prophet Isa (A)

QUR’AN To Prophet Muhammad (S)

Qur’an 2010 Page 7.6 www.madressa.net

The Holy Qur’an therefore contains guidance that teaches a man about:

- His duties to himself i.e. how to lead a successful life in this world and the hereafter.

- How to act with other people i.e. how to contribute as an individual towards the betterment of society.

- His duty to his Creator i.e. how to worship Allah.

Merits of Recital of the Holy Qur’an

There are many Ahadith (sayings) of the Holy Prophet (S) and our Aimmah (A) on the reward and blessing of reciting the Holy Qur’an. Only some are quoted here: The Prophet (S) has said, “The most excellent amongst you is the one who learns the Qur’an and teaches it to others.”

“The more Qur’an is recited in a home, the greater the good for it. The lives of the people in the house are made easier. When the angels view this house from the heavens they see it shining in the same way as stars seen from the earth.”

“The heart gathers rust just like iron; remove this rust by reciting the Qur’an.” Imam `Ali (A) has said, “Whosoever recites 100 verses daily from the Book (Holy Qur’an) in the order it is in, Alláh writes for him the reward equal to all the good actions of every one on this earth.”

Qur’an 2010 Page 7.7 www.madressa.net

LESSON 3: DIVISIONS IN THE HOLY QUR’AN

The text of the Holy Qur'an has been divided in various ways. These are:

1. Ayah pl. Ayat ( PBÍA , ÒÍA) In `Arabic, Ayah means sign, and in the Holy Qur’an, it means a verse. Thus, each and every verse of the Holy Qur'an is a sign of Allah. There are various numbers given for the total Ayat in the Holy Qur'an. Syed Akhtar Rizvi mentions 6236 in his book “Qur’an and Hadith”.

2. Súrah pl. Suwar (iÌm , ÑiÌm) In `Arabic, Surah means an enclosure and in the Holy Qur'an, it means a chapter. There are 114 Suwar in the Holy Qur'an. The longest of them is al-Baqarah with 286 Ayat, and the shortest is al-Kauthar with only 4 Ayat.

3. Manzil pl. Manázil ( ¾kBÄ¿ , ¾lÄ¿) In `Arabic, Manzil means a phase. The Holy Qur'an has been divided into seven Manázil, for convenience of recitation. So a person wishing to recite the entire Qur’an in one week may do so by reciting one Manzil a day. Each such position in the Holy Qur'an is marked by the word Manzil.

4. Juz’ pl. Ajza’( ÕAlUA , ÕlU) The Muslims have divided the Holy Qur'an into 30 equal parts (Juz’ in `Arabic or Pára in Urdu). This division is just for convenience. So a person who wishes to recite the whole Qur’an in one month (as in the month of Ramadhan) may do so by reciting one Juz’ every day. In the Holy Qur'an, the beginning of the Juz` is usually marked by a blacked line.

5. Rub`, Nisf, Thalathah ( ÒQÝQA , ±và , ©Ii ) Each Juz’ is divided into quarters, again for the convenience of recitation into Rub` (quarter), Nisf (half) and Thalathah (three-quarter, shortened to three).

6. Ruku`, pl. Rukuat ( PB§Ì·i , ªÌ·i ) These are like paragraphs or sections, containing 7-12 Ayat. For example, al-Fatihah (1st Surah) has 7 Ayat, grouped in one Ruku`, while al-Baqarah (2nd Surah) has 286 Ayat, grouped into 40 Rukuat.

The place of Ruku` is denoted by the letter ª. The letter has three numbers, one at the

top, one in its middle and one below it.

The number at the top signifies the number that this Ruku` is in the Surah. The number in the middle signifies the number of Ayat between the last Ruku` and the present one. The number at the bottom signifies the number that this Ruku` is in the Juz’.

So, in this example from Súrah al-Baqarah, This is the 23rd Ruku` in the Surah, there are 6 Ayat between Ruku` number 22 and 23, and this is the 7th Ruku’ in this Juz’ and this is the 7th Ruku` in this Juz’.

Qur’an 2010 Page 7.8 www.madressa.net

LESSON 4: SURAH AL LAHAB

INTRODUCTION

This Surah was revealed in Makka. It has five verses. It is Surah number 111 in the Holy Qur’an.

The name of the Surah refers to Abu Lahab, who was the cousin of `Abdul Muttalib, and a grand uncle of our Prophet (S). He was one of the worst enemies of the Prophet (S) and Islam.

His real name was `Abdul `Uzza, but due to his fiery temper, he was called Abu Lahab (the father of the flames).

It is interesting to note that Abu Lahab was aware that a Surah had been revealed cursing him, and although he lived for a few years after that, he never thought of trying to belie the Holy Qur’an by becoming a Muslim!

Text and Translation

ãÈ×ãcáäoÂB ãÌÇåcáäoÂB ãÐÃÂB ãÈåtãQ In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

ý1þ áäSáWáÑ èSáÏá ØãQáF BákáÖ åYáäRáW May the hands of Abu Lahab perish, and may he perish (himself),

ý2þ áSátá¾ CáÆáÑ âÐâÂCáÆ âÐåËá® ÔáËå²áF CáÆ His wealth will not help him nor will his deeds.

ý3þ èSáÏá áVBál BænCáÊ ÔáÃå|á×ás Soon he shall burn in the flaming fire,

ý4þ ãSá§ádåÂB áUáÂCáäÇác âÐâWáFáoåÆBáÑ And his wife, the bearer of firewood,

ý5þ èkátáäÆ ÌãäÆ çÄåRác CáÎãk×ã_ Ø㶠Upon her neck shall be a noose of twisted rope.

Qur’an 2010 Page 7.9 www.madressa.net

Tafsir We learn from this Surah that the wealth and power that a person enjoys in this world will be of no use to him on the Day of Judgement if his actions have been wicked.

Ayah 1. Abu Lahab’s hands have mentioned here because he lifted a large stone to throw at the Prophet (S), following the invitation to Islam at Zul `Ashira. Ayah 2. When Abu Lahab was warned about the hell-fire, he boasted that he would escape it by buying his way out with his wealth.

Ayah 3. Here he is promised that he would soon get repayment for his enmity by burning in hell. Ayah 4. Umme Jamilah was the wife of Abu Lahab. It was her habit to collect thorny branches and spread them out at night in the path that the Prophet (S) usually took. In this way she tried to wound his feet. In this Ayah, she is promised the same fate as her husband.

Ayah 5. In an accident, she was strangled by the same rope that she used to tie the thorny firewood with. On the Day of Judgement she will have a rope of fire around her neck for her wickedness.

Merits of Reciting Suratul Lahab: References Holy Qur’an, Tafsir of S V Mir Ahmed Ali Ramadhan, Ahkam and Philosophy, Yasin T. Al Jibouri

1. The Prophet (S) has said, “If someone recites this Surah, I will wish that Allah will

never permit him to be in the company of Abu Lahab.”

2. Imam Ja`far as-Sadiq (A) has said, “If you recite this Surah, invoke Allah to curse Abu Lahab, for he was among those who called Muhammad (S) a liar.

Qur’an 2010 Page 7.10 www.madressa.net

LESSON 5: SURAH AN NASR INTRODUCTION This Surah was revealed in Makka. It has three verses. It is Surah number 110 in the Holy Qur’an. An-Nasr means “The Help”. The name refers to the help of Allah that bring success to every venture. The Surah was revealed after the Muslims conquered Makka without the loss of any lives. This was one of the last Surahs to be revealed and the Muslims sensed that the mission of the Holy Prophet (S) was coming to an end. Text and Translation

ãÈ×ãcáäoÂB ãÌÇåcáäoÂB ãÐÃÂB ãÈåtãQ In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

ý1þ âeåXá∙åÂBáÑ ãÐáäÃÂB âoå|áÊ ACá_ BálãH With the help of Allah comes Victory.

ý2þ Cæ_BáÒå¶áF ãÐáäÃÂB ãÌÖãj Ø㶠áÉÒâÃâgåkáÖ árCáäËÂB áYåÖáFánáÑ And you see how the people are entering the religion of Allah in large numbers.

âÍåoã∙å³áXåsBáÑ áÀãäQán ãkåÇádãQ åeãäRátᶠSo praise your Lord and seek His protection

ý3þ CæQBáäÒáW áÉCá¾ âÐáäÊãH Verily He is always Merciful.

Qur’an 2010 Page 7.11 www.madressa.net

Tafsir Ayah 1. Allah points out that the victory and success that the Muslims enjoyed in taking over Makka only came about when His help arrived. Similarly, it is only with Allah’s help that we can expect success, and we should ask for His help in all our deeds. Ayah 2. After the conquest of Makka, the enemies of Islam realised that the Muslims had grown so powerful that they could not be stopped. As a result, tribe after tribe came to the Prophet (S) in Makka and later in Madina, to accept Islam at his hands.

Ayah 3. At each event of success we should praise and glorify Allah, for we are only successful by his help and mercy. “Istighfar” in this verse does not been seeking forgiveness on the part of the Prophet (S), since he is sinless. It means seeking protection from any shortcomings on behalf of the Muslims and from any evil intention of the enemies of Islam.

Merits of Reciting Suratun Nasr: References Holy Qur’an, Tafsir of S V Mir Ahmed Ali Ramadhan, Ahkam and Philosophy, Yasin T. Al Jibouri

1. The Prophet (S) has said, "Whoever recites this Surah will be regarded as though he was

present with me when Makka was opened (for the Muslim troops)."

2. Imam Ja`far as-Sadiq (A) has said that whoever recites this Surah in his Wajib or Mustahab prayers will be granted victory by Allah over his enemies.

3. Imam `Ali ar-Ridha (A) has said that if one recites this Surah in a Wajib or Mustahab prayer, Allah will grant him victory over all his enemies and will enable him to perform what is obligatory.

4. The Surah is also recommended to be recited when one has lost a possession, and is asking for Allah’s help in finding it.

Qur’an 2010 Page 7.12 www.madressa.net

LESSON 6: SURAH AT TIN INTRODUCTION This Surah was revealed in Makka. It has eight verses. It is Surah number 95 in the Holy Qur’an. The name of the Surah derives from the word “Tin” (Fig) which appears in the first verse. Text and Translation

ãÈ×ãcáäoÂB ãÌÇåcáäoÂB ãÐÃÂB ãÈåtãQ In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

ý1þ ãÉÒâXåÖáäqÂBáÑ ãÌ×ãäXÂBáÑ By the fig and the olive,

ý2þ áÌ×ãË×ãs ãnÒâ¦Áñ By the mountain Sinai,

ý3þ ãÌ×ãÆáåÛB ãkáÃáRåÂB BámáÎáÑ And by this inviolate city,

ý4þ èÈÖãÒå»áW ãÌátåcáF Ø㶠áÉCátÊãåßB CáËå»áÃág åká»á Indeed We created in the best form,

ý5þ áÌ×ãÃã¶Cás áÄá∙åsáF âÍCáÊåjáján áäÈâ[ Then We reversed him to the lowest of the low,

ý6þ èÉÒâËåÇáÆ âoå×á² çoå_áF åÈâÏáÃᶠãVCádãÂCáä|ÂB BÒâÃãÇá®áÑ BÒâËáÆD áÌÖãmáäÂB áäÙãH Except those who believe and do good deeds, for whom there is never-ending recompense

ý7þ ãÌÖãäkÂCãQ âkåˉ áQ áÀâQãämá¿âÖ CáÇᶠ(O man) What then after this can make you belie the final judgement?

ý8þ áÌ×ãÇã¾CádåÂB ãÈá¿åcáGãQ âÐáäÃÂB áuå×áÂáF Is not Allah the most just of all judges?

Qur’an 2010 Page 7.13 www.madressa.net

Tafsir Ayat 1-3: Allah swears by the Fig and the Olive in the opening statement of the Surah. Wherever Allah makes such solemn statements in the Holy Qur’an, he refers to objects from His creation, referring to an aspect of that object that is to be pondered over.

The next 2 verses refer to the places where the Tawrah and Qur’an were revealed, so the first verse may refer to such a place also. It is said that “Tin” is the name of a mountain in Damascus, and Zaitoon, another mountain in Palestine. They were named after the fruits that grew on them and these were the places that Prophets `Isa (A) and Musa (A) and other Israelite Prophets used to go to receive the commandments from Allah. The mountain of Sinai was where the Tawrah was revealed to Prophet Musa(A)

“Baladul Amin” which means the “City of Security” refers to Makka where the final revelation of Allah, the Holy Qur’an, began. Ayat 4, 5: Man is indeed the most complex of all creatures. His brain gives him superiority over the rest of the animals. If man guards himself against evil, he becomes better than the angels. But, when man loses control of his actions, he is capable of becoming worse than the lowest of animals.

The verse can also refer to the fact that as man advances in age, he loses his strength as his body deteriorates and finally he is once again brought to the same stage of helplessness that he experienced in infancy.

Ayat 6: A reminder that the life of this world is just a time for man to prepare his heaven or hell. For the one who wishes eternal happiness, the solution is simple - believe and do good deeds. Ayat 7, 8: There are so many proofs in man’s own creation about the trial in this world and the certainty of the Day of Judgement yet man persists in doubting and disobeying. And Allah is the best judge of the worth of each man’s actions. Merits of Reciting Surah at-Tin References

Holy Qur’an, Tafsir of S V Mir Ahmed Ali Ramadhan, Ahkam and Philosophy, Yasin T. Al Jibouri

The Prophet (S) has said that Allah will give two merits to anyone who recites this Surah regularly - good health and Islamic conviction as long as he lives. Imam Ja`far as Sadiq (A) has said, “Whoever recites it in his obligatory and optional prayers will be given of Paradise whatever pleases him.”