©ABC 2013

Questions for discussion

Rules of War

1. As a class discuss the current crisis in Syria.

2. What organisation recently sent their weapons inspectors into Syria?

a. The Red Cross

b. United Nations

c. World Health Organisation

3. Where is Syria? Locate using Google Maps.

4. In London it’s illegal to flag down a taxi if you have the plague. True or false?

5. Why is it important to have laws of war?

6. Name one of the laws of war.

7. Why were land mines banned?

8. What other weapon has been banned?

9. Why are chemical weapons so harmful?

10. What role did Hans Blix play during the war in Iraq?

Want to learn more about the crisis in Syria? As a class watch BtN’s Syria Crisis story, which explains

the crisis in Syria or BtN’s Syria Kid story, which looks at what life is like for a kid living in a war zone.

http://www.abc.net.au/btn/story/s3525259.htm

http://www.abc.net.au/btn/story/s3720534.htm

Preferential Voting

1. After watching the BtN Preferential Voting story, explain how preferential voting works to another

student.

2. For a political candidate to win their seat in an election they need to...

a. Win half the votes

b. Win half the votes plus one

c. Win 100% of the votes

3. What is the official name for someone that counts the votes in an election?

4. Not every country uses preferential voting. Can you name one?

5. Why are the advantages of a preferential voting system?

6. Why do minor parties prefer the preferential voting system?

7. What is the purpose of a “how to vote card”?

8. What is a polling booth?

9. Have you ever had to vote for someone or something? What was the process?

10. Can you name the three major Australian political parties? Who are their leaders?

Who would be the best PM? Tony Abbott or Kevin Rudd? Have your say in the BtN online poll. To vote

head to the BtN website http://abc.net.au/btn/polls.htm

Check out BtN’s Preferential Voting teacher resource. Students will run their own class election and

investigate the key features of Australia’s voting system.

http://www.abc.net.au/btn/resources/teacher/episode/20130903-preferentialvoting.pdf

Episode 25

3rd

September 2013

©ABC 2013

Martin Luther King

1. In Australia it is illegal to discriminate against someone because of their race. True or false?

2. What was Martin Luther King’s famous speech called?

3. What year did Martin Luther King make his “I Have a Dream” speech?

4. Martin Luther King was an American civil rights activist, what does this mean?

5. Give some examples of segregation that occurred in America in the 1950s.

6. In which American state was Martin Luther King born? Find using Google Maps.

7. Martin Luther King led peaceful protests in the 1950s. What is a peaceful protest?

8. Name the Australian civil rights leader that was inspired by Martin Luther King.

9. When did segregation laws end in the United States?

10. What prestigious award did Martin Luther King win for his role in the Civil Rights Movement?

Check out BtN’s Martin Luther King teacher resource. Students will investigate how vocabulary can

express meaning, feeling and opinion. Students will learn about Martin Luther King and the impact of his

“I Have a Dream’ speech on civil rights http://www.abc.net.au/btn/resources/teacher/episode/20130903-

martinlutherking.pdf

Refugee School

1. What do you think it would be like for kids who grow up as refugees and have to adapt to school and

life in a new country?

2. Where was Peroza born?

3. Peroza is now a school captain. True or false?

4. Track Peroza’s journey to Australia. Find Afghanistan and Pakistan using Google Maps.

5. Approximately how many kids at Arthur Phillip High came to Australia as refugees?

a. 100

b. 200

c. 300

6. How does the special refugee program help the students at Arthur Phillip High?

7. Which English soccer team did Alsuine try out for?

8. What is Alsuine’s passion?

9. What is a refugee? Discuss as a class.

10. How did this story make you feel?

Test your knowledge in the Refugee School quiz. Go to the BtN website and follow the links.

Archie Roach

1. Who is Archie Roach?

2. Where in Australia did Archie Roach travel to record songs with kids?

3. Locate Queensland’s Far North using Google Maps.

4. How many years has Archie Roach been writing and performing music?

5. Archie Roach shared his passion for music with his partner ______ __________.

6. What well known musician did Archie Roach tour with?

7. What is Archie Roach’s song “Took the Children Away” about?

8. How has song writing helped the kids in Coen?

9. Why was it important for Archie Roach to travel back to Coen in Queensland?

10. Explore how music is used to express emotions or opinions.

Write a message about the story and post it in the comments section on the BtN Archie Roach story

page. http://www.abc.net.au/btn/story/s3835720.htm

©ABC 2013

Activity

Preferential Voting

Key Learning Students will run their own class election and investigate the key features of Australia’s voting system.

The Australian Curriculum Mathematics / Number and Algebra / Number and place value

Compare, order, add and subtract integers (ACMNA280)

Mathematics / Statistics and Probability / Data representation and interpretation

Construct suitable data displays, with and without the use of

digital technologies, from given or collected data. Include tables,

column graphs and picture graphs where one picture can

represent many data values (ACMSP096)

Construct displays, including column graphs, dot plots and

tables, appropriate for data type, with and without the use of

digital technologies (ACMSP119)

Discussion Questions

1. After watching the BtN Preferential Voting story, explain how preferential voting works to another

student.

2. For a political candidate to win their seat in an election they need to...

a. Win half the votes

b. Win half the votes plus one

c. Win 100% of the votes

3. What is the official name for someone that counts the votes in an election?

4. Not every country uses preferential voting. Can you name one?

5. Why are the advantages of a preferential voting system?

6. Why do minor parties prefer the preferential voting system?

7. What is the purpose of a “how to vote card”?

8. What is a polling booth?

9. Have you ever had to vote for someone or something? What was the process?

10. Can you name the three major Australian political parties? Who are their leaders?

Episode 25

3rd

September 2013

©ABC 2013

Activities

What is preferential voting?

After watching the BtN Preferential Voting story, ask students to explain to one another the process of

preferential voting. Hold a class discussion to investigate further.

Learn more about preferential voting via the Australian Electoral Commission’s animations and interactive.

http://www.aec.gov.au/Education/Democracy_Rules/interactives/voting_tool/index.htm

Learn how the full preferential voting system works

Work through a sample count and distribution

Use the voting tool to work out your own election

Glossary

Make a class glossary using the following words/terms (consider putting together a glossary before holding

the classroom election).

Refer to the Australian Electoral Commission’s glossary for more information.

http://www.aec.gov.au/footer/Glossary.htm

Discussion questions

Why does Australia use the preferential voting system?

What voting system is used in the United States?

What are the advantages of a preferential voting system?

Why do minor parties like the preferential voting system?

What does absolute majority mean? Explain to another student and then discuss as a class

Ballot Box

Ballot Paper

Electoral Roll Vote

Election

Candidate

Absolute Majority Donkey Vote Preferential Voting

How-to-vote cards Poll Scrutineer

Formal Vote Informal Vote Electorate

©ABC 2013

Run your own election

Running an election for your class provides the opportunity for students to participate in the democratic

process of choosing representatives for a range of purposes. Students will run their own election and

investigate how the preferential voting system works. This activity provides step-by-step instructions on how

to run a class election, further investigation tasks and related weblinks.

Using the preferential voting system, decide what you will vote on as

a class. For example hold a vote on what you will have for lunch (for

a shared class lunch) or vote on a class captain. It is important to

have a clear purpose for the election and ensure that the ‘voters’ are

also clear about what they are voting for.

As a class investigate the purpose of elections. Why do we have

elections? Compare and contrast two voting systems: ‘first-past-the-

post’ and ‘preferential voting’. Complete a PMI chart or Venn

diagram.

Ask students if they have ever had to vote for someone or

something. What was the process? Does your school have student

representatives? If so, how are they elected?

How to run an election in your school

http://www.aec.gov.au/Education/Democracy_Rules/files/Teacher_G

uide_by_section/Runninganelection.pdf

Pick several students who will be in charge of the election. These

students will be referred to as polling officials, and assist with

running the election and counting the vote.

It is important that the polling officials are not candidates in your

election and know the rules of your election. Polling officials make

sure the rules of the election are followed and can hear and act on

any complaints.

Organise a short training session for polling officials clearly outlining

their roles. Provide polling officials with role-play badges.

Who is responsible for conducting federal elections? What is the role

and the functions of the Australian Electoral Commission?

Overview of the Australian Electoral Commission

http://www.aec.gov.au/About_AEC/index.htm

Make up your own school enrolment form for students to enrol in

their class election. This could be based on your existing class roll.

Why is it important that Australians are enrolled to vote?

Step-by-step instructions Further investigation Weblinks

©ABC 2013

Find out more about enrolment – 12 Terrific Enrolment Activities

http://www.aec.gov.au/education/files/year-of-enrolment-activity-

sheet.pdf

Make your own classroom ballot paper using the preferential voting

system.

Make your own classroom ballot papers or download one of the

Australian Electoral Commission’s templates. The ballot paper

usually has instructions for filling out the ballot paper, lists what

you’re voting for and where to put the ballot paper once you have

voted.

http://www.aec.gov.au/Education/Democracy_Rules/ballot-

templates.htm

Make your own classroom screens to ensure voting can be secret.

What is a secret ballot? Investigate the history of the secret ballot –

when was it introduced in Australia?

Hold your classroom election using a preferential voting system.

Practise how to vote! Use the Australian Electoral Commission’s

voting tool to get a feel for what it’s like voting in a federal election.

http://www.aec.gov.au/Voting/How_to_vote/practice/

Once the class has voted, work with the polling officials to count the

votes and then announce the results. Use the Australian Electoral

Commission’s scrutiny chart to count your votes.

http://www.aec.gov.au/education/Democracy_Rules/files/Teachers_

Toolbox/5_Conducting_Elections/Scrutiny_Chart.pdf

What is preferential voting? As a class find a definition.

Take a look at the Australian Electoral Commission’s slide show

explaining how preferential voting works.

https://www.vec.vic.gov.au/education/education-prefslideshow.html

©ABC 2013

Related Research Links

Australian Electoral Commission – The Full Preferential Voting System (animations/interactive)

http://www.aec.gov.au/education/Democracy_Rules/interactives/voting_tool/index.htm

Behind the News – Preferential Voting

http://www.abc.net.au/btn/story/s2960412.htm

Behind the News – Aussie Kids Vote 2013

http://www.abc.net.au/btn/government.htm

Behind the News – Youth Vote

http://www.abc.net.au/btn/story/s3809181.htm

Australian Electoral Commission – 12 Terrific Enrolment Activities

http://www.aec.gov.au/education/files/year-of-enrolment-activity-sheet.pdf

Electoral Council of Australia – Electoral Systems: Preferential Voting Systems

http://www.eca.gov.au/systems/single/by_category/preferential.htm

©ABC 2013

Activity

Martin Luther King

Key Learning Students will investigate how vocabulary can express meaning, feeling and opinion. Students will learn about Martin Luther King and the impact of his “I Have a Dream’ speech on civil rights.

The Australian Curriculum

English / Language / Language variation and change

Investigate how vocabulary choices, including evaluative language can express shades of meaning, feeling and opinion (ACELA1525)

Understand the use of vocabulary to express greater precision of meaning, and know that words can have different meanings in different contexts(ACELA1512)

Incorporate new vocabulary from a range of sources into students’ own texts including vocabulary encountered in research (ACELA1498)

English / Literature / Literature and context

Identify and explore ideas and viewpoints about events, issues

and characters represented in texts drawn from different

historical, social and cultural contexts (ACELT1619)

Make connections between students’ own experiences and

those of characters and events represented in texts drawn from

different historical, social and cultural contexts (ACELT1613)

Identify aspects of literary texts that convey details or

information about particular social, cultural and historical

contexts (ACELT1608)

English / Literacy / Creating texts

Plan, draft and publish imaginative, informative and persuasive

texts, selecting aspects of subject matter and particular

language, visual, and audio features to convey information and

ideas (ACELY1725)

Discussion Questions

1. In Australia it is illegal to discriminate against someone because of their race. True or false?

2. What was Martin Luther King’s famous speech called?

3. What year did Martin Luther King make his “I Have a Dream” speech?

4. Martin Luther King was an American civil rights activist, what does this mean?

5. Give some examples of segregation that occurred in America in the 1950s.

6. In which American state was Martin Luther King born? Find using Google Maps.

7. Martin Luther King led peaceful protests in the 1950s. What is a peaceful protest?

8. Name the Australian civil rights leader that was inspired by Martin Luther King.

9. When did segregation laws end in the United States?

10. What prestigious award did Martin Luther King win for his role in the Civil Rights Movement?

Episode 25

3rd

September 2013

©ABC 2013

Activities

Classroom discussion

After watching the BtN Martin Luther King story hold a class discussion, using some of the following

questions.

Images: tes.co.uk – The Martin Luther King Story (by David Adler)

As a class listen to Martin Luther King’s famous speech, ‘I Have a Dream’. Ask students to circle the

following words as they hear them. Record any unfamiliar words.

Ask students to write what they think is the meaning of each word (including unfamiliar words). Swap

definitions with a partner and ask them to add to or change the definition. Check these against the dictionary

definition. As a class investigate how vocabulary can express meaning, feeling and opinion.

Further activities for students:

Make your own word search

Use these words in your own sentences

I have a dream

Ask students to write their own “I have a dream” speech, and then illustrate using the template on the

following page.

Independence

Freedom Civil Rights

Justice Liberty Racial Injustice

Equality Segregation

Emancipation

Discussion questions

When and where do you think this speech was made?

How did this speech make you feel?

What makes Martin Luther King’s speech memorable?

What do you think are the things that are most important when making a speech?

©ABC 2013

I have a dream because

©ABC 2013

Who is Martin Luther King?

Students will develop a biography on Martin Luther King. Establish what students already know about Martin

Luther King. What sort of information is included in a biography? What does a biography tell us about a

person?

The following website has examples of biographies for students to look at

http://www.civicsandcitizenship.edu.au/cce/contemporary_gallery,14538.html

The following plan provides a guide for students when writing a biography.

Research

Set a direction for your biography

Create a plan

Start writing

Edit

For a more detailed plan download this pdf document. http://planningwithkids.com/wp-content/2012/06/PWK-

How-to-write-a-Biography-v1.0.pdf

Encourage students to present their research using maps, timelines, drawings and photographs in an

interesting way, for example using:

Prezi http://prezi.com/index/

Glogster http://www.glogster.com/

Bio Cube Creator http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/interactives/cube_creator/

Remind students that they will need to cite all references in a bibliography at the end of their biography.

Related Research Links

ABC News – US marks 50 years since Martin Luther King’s ‘I Have a Dream’ speech

http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-08-29/us-mark27s-50-years-since-martin-luther-king27-27i-have-a-

dr/4920336

ABC News – Martin Luther King delivers his famous “I Have a Dream” speech in 1963

http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-08-29/martin-luther-king-i-have-a-dream-speech/4920434

Research questions

When was Martin Luther King born and when did he die?

Where was he born?

What was his occupation?

Who did he marry and did he have any children?

What political movement was he a part of?

Describe the language of his “I Have a Dream” speech.

What awards did he win?

Describe the impact that Martin Luther King had on civil rights in the United Stated of America.

Create a timeline – highlight important events that occurred during Martin Luther King’s life on a

timeline. Include some other key or interesting events that occurred during the same time.

©ABC 2013

ABC Splash – What makes a great speech?

http://splash.abc.net.au/media?id=28620

Behind the News – Racism

http://www.abc.net.au/btn/story/s3825539.htm

Behind the News – Discrimination

http://www.abc.net.au/btn/story/s2219578.htm

©ABC 2013

BtN: Episode 25 Transcript 3/9/13 On this week's Behind the News

With the election so close we explain how preferential voting works.

50 years ago he had a dream so who was Martin Luther King and what was his message?

And we check out a special school program which helps refugees to settle in Australia.

Hi I'm Nathan Bazley, welcome to Behind the News. Our top story today.

Rules of War Reporter: Matthew Holbrook INTRO: There's been a war going on in Syria for a while now. And recently chemical weapons were thought to have been used to kill hundreds of people. The United Nations has now sent in weapons inspectors to find out what actually happened because using chemical weapons would break the rules of war. So who knew that war had rules? Here's Matt. Did you know that in the US state of Florida, single women aren't allowed to parachute on Sundays? In London, it's illegal to flag down a taxi if you have the plague. And in France, it's forbidden to call your pig 'Napoleon'. Whether very random, or very serious, laws are always there to tell us what we can and can't do. But are there any times when laws don't exist? War might be one of the first situations that comes to mind. After all, people are trying to kill each other, which in normal life is certainly against the law. So maybe during war there aren't any laws? Well actually, there are. Here are some of them. People not fighting should not be hurt. No one who surrenders should ever be killed. The wounded should be cared for. No one should attack medics displaying the red cross or red crescent sign. No one should ever be tortured. And finally, you can't use especially cruel weapons against the enemy. But what is “especially cruel”? You could argue that any weapon is cruel. Well, there are some weapons that many nations agree cause excessive pain, or are more likely to hurt innocent people. Land mines are one of them. They were used in war for many years. But the big problem with them is that once the war is finished, the mines remain, and innocent people can be killed many years later. That's why 161 countries have agreed not to use these weapons ever again. But recently the world has been talking about another weapon that's also been banned.

©ABC 2013

DAVID CAMERON, UK PRIME MINISTER: Specifically deterring the use of chemical weapons. BARACK OBAMA, US PRESIDENT: When countries break international norms on weapons like chemical weapons that could threaten us, that they are held accountable. Chemical weapons use deadly chemicals instead of explosives. They can spread a long way, and those not killed by them can be badly injured, or suffer painful disabilities for life. And in Syria, rebels claim chemical weapons were used against them. The United Nations has sent weapons inspectors in to make sure they're telling the truth. They are experts in weapons of mass destruction. We've seen them before. In 2002, before the war in Iraq, UN weapons inspectors had the job of combing the country looking for evidence that the country had a stockpile of chemical or nuclear weapons. This man, Hans Blix, led the team. But after a lot of searching, he and his team turned up nothing. In Syria, their job is very different. They're investigating if chemical weapons were used. If they were, the rules of war have been broken, and many world leaders say that's reason enough to help the rebels, by striking against the Syrian Government. So that's one rule of war it seems lots of people are willing to fight to uphold. Now if only we could all work on all the other ones, too. PRESENTER: Let's see what else is making the news. Here's James with the Wire.

The Wire For the first time, Tony Abbott has overtaken Prime Minister Kevin Rudd as the preferred Prime Minister. The latest poll shows the Opposition Leader is ahead 43 points to 41. Both are getting their last minute campaigning in, ahead of this weekend's Federal Election. ****** Former South African leader Nelson Mandela is now at home, after spending three months in hospital with a lung infection. The 95-year old is still in a critical condition and his house has been modified so he can get the same treatment as he did in hospital. Mandela is known for fighting against something called 'Apartheid' a system which separated black people from white. ****** Check out this close call for a driver in Taiwan. This huge boulder just missed crushing their car. The boulder came from the top of a hill during a landslide in heavy rain. ****** One of the star attractions at Sydney's Taronga zoo is retiring. Kibabu has spent seventeen years at the zoo as head gorilla. And keepers say the thirty six year old's ready for a more relaxed lifestyle. He's moving to a smaller zoo in New South Wales.

©ABC 2013

Preferential Voting Reporter: Sarah Larsen INTRO: With the election just days away lots of people are thinking about who they're going to vote for. But it's not just a case of picking your favourite party or politician. When you vote for the lower house you have to think about every candidate and decide who you like the most, the second most, the third most, and so on. Sarah finds out why people's preferences matter on election day. KIDS: All right guys it's movie time! What do you want to watch? SARAH LARSEN, REPORTER: When a group of people have to make a decision it can get complicated. KID: OK, OK... we'll vote. Who's for Scary Thing from Horror Lake? Henry Porter? Boyfriend? Me. Mutants from the Year 3000? Sparrowman? Alright. Looks like it’s Scary Thing from Horror Lake. REPORTER: Wait a second! Yeah, that's one way of making a decision, but are you sure it's the best one? Two people will love Scary Thing but the rest of the group might hate it and do you really want four out of six people having nightmares? There is another way. KID: OK, if you can't have your first choice, what's your second? KID: I wouldn't mind Henry Porter KID: Sparrowman's OK KID: I guess Sparrowman could be OK KID: I'd go with Henry Porter KID: Nah, let's watch Henry Porter KID: I could check out the mutant one. KID: I'm going with Henry Porter.

©ABC 2013

Now we're getting somewhere. While Henry Porter was only one person's first choice three more people have made it their second choice so four out of six are going to be happy and we have maximum movie enjoyment! This is similar to the way Australians vote in elections. It's called preferential voting. Instead of people just choosing the one candidate they like best, they give each one a number: one for their favourite, two for their second favourite, three for their third and so on. Let's take four candidates for an example. You guys will do. To win your seat you need half of all the votes plus one. So, if there are, say, 1000 voters you need 501 to win. Got it? When all the votes are in counters add up all of the first preferences for each candidate. And we end up with these scores. As you can see, Kyle's in the lead, but he hasn't got more than half the votes so it's not over. Now we eliminate the person with the least votes. Sorry Kodi. REPORTER: But the people who voted for Kodi still get a say. Because the counters go back and see what they put as their second preference. Those votes get added to the totals of the remaining candidates. Now Kyle has 410, Annabelle has 360 and Joshua has 220. But there's still no winner. So Joshua gets eliminated and we add up the preferences again. Now Kyle has 480 and Annabelle has 520, so even though she was behind at first, she's just won the election! Because preferences are so important, political parties often try to convince people to put their preferences in the order that suits them the most. That why they hand out "how to vote" cards at polling booths. But it's only a suggestion. In the end it's up to voters to choose who they like the best. And they'll have to choose wisely because their decision will last for a lot longer than a movie!

Online Poll Well in a few days your parents and teachers will be voting in the Federal Election. Either Tony Abbott or Kevin Rudd are likely to be the Prime Minister. But which one would you vote for if you had the chance? That's our poll. Who would be the best PM? Tony Abbott Kevin Rudd To vote head to our website And we'll see if the adults agree with you next week!

©ABC 2013

Last week we asked you if the Government should spend money on a northern food bowl in Australia. 55% of you said yes 45% said no. Thanks for voting.

Martin Luther King Reporter: Natasha Thiele INTRO: If I said the phrase, "I Have a Dream", there'd be lots of you who'd know what I was talking about. It's one of the most famous speeches in history and was made by Martin Luther King 50 years ago. So who was this man? And why did his speech change a nation? Here’s Tash. And a warning for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander viewers this story contains images of people who've died. KIDS: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour of their skin but by the content of their character.” NATASHA THIELE, REPORTER: They're words you've probably heard before. 50 years ago an American civil rights activist called Martin Luther King made a speech which made an impact all over the world. And which is still celebrated today. Martin Luther King was born in 1929 in the southern US state of Georgia. He did well at school and followed in his dad's footsteps to become a minister. But he grew up in a time when racism in the US like many countries was a part of every-day life. Many US states had laws of segregation which meant people with black skin were kept apart from white. They weren't allowed to go to the same schools, eat in the same restaurants, or even sit in the front section of buses. There were always people who wanted better, and in the 1950s they started to be heard. There were many protests, most of them peaceful, and there were leaders like Rosa Parks, who became a national symbol when she refused to give up her bus seat to white passengers. And Martin Luther King. He believed in using non-violent methods to fight racial inequality and in the 50s he led a successful boycott of segregated buses. In 1963 he led protests in Birmingham, Alabama. Police used water cannons and dogs on the protesters and arrested thousands, including Martin Luther King. It shocked many and support for King and his cause grew. Later that year he spoke to crowds of up to 300,000 in the country's capital, asking his country to end racism. MARTIN LUTHER KING: I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up.

©ABC 2013

It struck a chord with many; not just in the United States but in other countries where people were judged by the colour of their skin. In Australia Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were denied many basic rights. They also faced segregation and discrimination. Inspired by civil rights leaders like Martin Luther King, Aboriginal activists like Charlie Perkins led protests which helped to change attitudes and the constitution. Laws in the United States also changed. Segregation ended and in 1964 Martin Luther King was given the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in the Civil Rights Movement. Sadly, he didn't live to see his dream fully realised. In 1968 he was shot and killed while getting ready to make a speech. But his message lived on. Racial barriers continued to fall down and people with different coloured skin achieved many amazing things. And while things aren't perfect Martin Luther King's children do live in a country where racial discrimination is against the law. Last week people gathered in the same place that Martin Luther King made his most famous speech to remember how he helped to change things for the better. BARACK OBAMA, US PRESIDENT: How he gave mighty voice to the quiet hopes of many. In the US and around the world people remembered the dream of a great man and the many people who helped.

Quiz 1 Let's have a quiz. The question is: Which of these people also fought for the rights of black people in America? Malcolm X Michael J Kenny G Answer: Malcolm X

Refugee School Reporter: Sarah Larsen INTRO: Malcolm X spoke out for racial equality but believed that black and white people should live separately. Back in Australia and there's been a lot of talk this election about asylum seekers but usually the talk is about how we treat people who are trying to get into Australia. But what about the people who are already here? Sarah found out about one school which is trying to make the transition to Australian life as easy as possible.

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SARAH LARSEN, REPORTER: High school can be pretty tough for any kid but for Peroza it was a whole new world. She was born in Afghanistan but when her parents were killed in the war she left with her younger brother and sister to keep them safe. PEROZA HUSSEINI, YEAR 12 STUDENT: It was many issues but the main one was security and safety yeah it was like, so we were just looking for the best opportunity to get out of that area. And like many refugees she never had the chance for a proper education. PEROZA HUSSEINI: Before I came here I did just 2 years of high school and I've not done any years of primary schools. Now Perozi's a top student. She's school captain and her teachers reckon she's got a good chance of being dux. It's the sort of success story that Arthur Phillip High wants for all its students. There are almost 300 kids here who came to Australia as refugees. And the school has a special program to help them settle into their new lives. KABISHAN AMALATHAS, YEAR 9 STUDENT: Yeah, it's really good. Every day when I was in Sri Lanka I thought, when am I going to die. I don't know. So now I get rid of it so I am very, very happy. Mrs Hennessy is more than a teacher to these guys. Some of them don't have parents so she's there to make sure they're safe and happy and they have everything that they need. RACHEL HENNESSY, REFUGEE TRANSITION PROGRAM COORDINATOR: Medical care getting glasses for students who need glasses, coordinating that and finding money for it, resources. SHAYAN HATAMI ALAMDARI (reading aloud): Pay attention to the journey through all its pitfalls. RACHEL HENNESSY (teaching the class): Yep, that's right do you like that one? Focussing on the journey? We've all been on a journey haven't we? The school also helps kids like Alusine who have ambitions outside of school. He came from Sierra Leone in 2008 and in Australia has been able to focus on his passion soccer. ALUSINE FOFAHNAH, YEAR 10 STUDENT: The school has helped me fundraising when I was going to England. They helped me so much and I appreciate that. I went to England and went for a trial with Manchester City and I made it. Unfortunately my parents couldn't move there. In October I'm going to be signing for Western Sydney Wanderers hopefully - got a trial in October. There are many schools like Arthur Phillip with special programs to help kids who grew up as refugees. But it takes extra time and resources and some reckon they need more funding. But this school at least says its program will always be there to make sure every student has the chance to do whatever they want to do.

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PEROZA: For me it's just the beginning of my education, yeah I've got strong feelings of studying further yeah and going to university. REPORTER: And what are you planning on studying at university? PEROZA: Um I'm planning to study medical science at university next year, yeah it's three years a bachelor and then I'll try to get into medicine. SHAYAN HATAMI ALAMDARI, YEAR 9 STUDENT: I might do engineering. Yeah. REZA EHSAN, YEAR 9 STUDENT: I want to be engineer, but Shayan want to be engineer so I have to change it. ALUSINE: Since day 1, it's all I want to do, and I love that. I just want to be a professional one day.

Quiz 2 Let's have a quiz. The question is: What is the capital of Afghanistan? Tehran Kabul Islamabad Answer: Kabul Tehran is the capital of Iran and Islamabad is the capital of Pakistan. Time for some sport now, here's Matt with the Score

The Score The AFL regular season wrapped up over the weekend with Hawthorn finishing top of the table. A spot in the finals was still up for grabs, after the bombers were kicked out of the top eight for bad behaviour. Carlton just managed to sneak in after beating Port Adelaide in a tight game. The finals kick off this weekend. *** Kim Crow has won gold at the rowing world championships in South Korea. She's the first Aussie woman to win the single sculls event. Crow won bronze in the same event at last year's Olympics. ***

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In Tennis, Aussie, Lleyton Hewitt, has made it through to the fourth round of the US Open. He beat Russian, Evgeny Donskoy, in four sets. He has a pretty good record at the US Open and won the event back in 2001.

Archie Roach Reporter: Natasha Thiele INTRO: Alright let's have a story about music. Archie Roach is a well-known Australian musician and a powerful voice for Indigenous Australians. More than 20 years ago he travelled to remote communities in Queensland and recorded songs with kids. We caught up with him again as he returned for a special visit to those communities. And a warning to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander viewers this story contains pictures of people who've died. NATASHA THIELE, REPORTER: It's a special day for these kids and their families in Queensland's Far North. They're getting a visit from Australian musician Archie Roach. Archie's been writing and performing music for more than 30 years. This passion was shared with his partner Ruby Hunter, who's also a well known name. Archie's recognised around the world, he even toured with big names like Bob Dylan. Songs like 'Took the Children Away' captured the hearts of many Australians. It's about the stolen generation, when thousands of Indigenous kids were taken away from their families by the Australian Government in the 1900s and put into places like orphanages or with white foster families. Archie was one of those kids. He wanted to tell his story and the stories of others. So in the 1990s, he toured Indigenous communities on Cape York. He visited the remote community of Coen with Ruby, his band and a camera crew to document the whole thing. They shared stories with kids and helped them make music. ARCHIE ROACH: It was based around land and health of the people and how the land is integral to the health of the people are well and so through that we decided to do workshops with the children and write some songs with them. They wrote more than a dozen songs with the students. ARCHIE ROACH: Try to explain to children that you know whatever is going on around them, adversity or problems that they're facing at school or in the home or in the community, they don't have to you know feel too down about it or they don't have to follow negative stereotypes that are in a lot of communities. They never had a chance to release them, which was something his partner Ruby really wanted to see happen. Sadly Ruby died a few years ago, but Archie says she'd be happy to know that they're being released. Archie's come back to where it all started to launch the song book. ARCHIE ROACH: It's just great to be back here you know, it's a beautiful actually, it's good to be back. What's cool is some of the kids involved in the recordings were there to see it.

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ARCHIE ROACH: A lot of the children now that are there were laughing and pointing to the screen saying that's my dad or that's mum or that's my uncle and aunty. It's come around again. LUCRETIA CREEK, PAST STUDENT: I remember the frenzy that was in the community you know the excitement that Archie Roach and Ruby Hunter was coming to Coen. We sat in our classroom at our primary school, we wrote our song, we had auditions to sing that song which was pretty exciting. These songs were designed to encourage learning and to give kids a voice. And now it's bringing a lot of joy to a new generation of Indigenous kids.

Closer That's it for the show. You can jump onto our website if you want to get more info on any of the stories. You can send us your comments and don't forget to vote in this week's poll. I'll see you next time.