TCP IP Protocol suite Chap-01 Intro
Transcript of TCP IP Protocol suite Chap-01 Intro
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Chapter 1Chapter 1
Objectives
Upon completion you will be able to:
IntroductionIntroduction
Understand how the Internet came into being
Understand the meaning of the terms protocol and standard
Understand the various organizations involved in the standards
Understand the different levels of Internet service providers
Understand the groups involved in Internet administration
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1.1 A Brief History
A network is a group of connected, communicating devices.AnA network is a group of connected, communicating devices.An internetinternet
is two or more networks that can communicate with each other. The mostis two or more networks that can communicate with each other. The most
notable internet is called thenotable internet is called theInternetInternet. Millions of. Millions of people are users. Yetpeople are users. Yet
this extraordinary communication system only came into being in 1969.this extraordinary communication system only came into being in 1969.
The topics discussed in this section include:The topics discussed in this section include:
ARPANETARPANET
Birth of the InternetBirth of the Internet
Transmission ControlProtocol / InternetworkingProtocolTransmission ControlProtocol / InternetworkingProtocol
MILNETMILNET
CSNET, NSFNET &ANSNETCSNET, NSFNET &ANSNETThe Internet TodayThe Internet Today
Time LineTime Line
Growth of the InternetGrowth of the Internet
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Figure 1.1 Internet today
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1.2 Protocols and Standards
In this section, we define two widely used terms: protocols and standards.In this section, we define two widely used terms: protocols and standards.
First, we define protocol, which is synonymous with rule. Then weFirst, we define protocol, which is synonymous with rule. Then we
discuss standards, which are agreeddiscuss standards, which are agreed--upon rules.upon rules.
The topics discussed in this section include:The topics discussed in this section include:
ProtocolsProtocols
StandardsStandards
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1.3 Standards Organizations
Standards are developed through the cooperation of standards creationStandards are developed through the cooperation of standards creation
committees, forums, and government regulatory agencies.committees, forums, and government regulatory agencies.
The topics discussed in this section include:The topics discussed in this section include:
Standards Creation CommitteesStandards Creation Committees
ForumsForums
RegulatoryAgenciesRegulatoryAgencies
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The websites for the standardizationThe websites for the standardization
organizations are given in Appendix F.organizations are given in Appendix F.
Note:Note:
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1.4 Internet Standards
An Internet standard is a thoroughly tested specification. There is a strictAn Internet standard is a thoroughly tested specification. There is a strict
procedure by which a specification attains Internet standard status. Aprocedure by which a specification attains Internet standard status. A
specification begins as an Internet draft, working document with nospecification begins as an Internet draft, working document with no
official status and a sixofficial status and a six--month lifetime. A draft may be published as amonth lifetime. A draft may be published as a
Request for Comment (RFC).Request for Comment (RFC).
The topics discussed in this section include:The topics discussed in this section include:
Maturity LevelsMaturity Levels
Requirement LevelsRequirement Levels
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Figure 1.2 Maturity levels of an RFC
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Figure 1.3 Requirement levels of an RFC
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RFCs can be found at
www.faqs.org/rfcs
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1.5 Internet Administration
The Internet has evolved and gained a broader user base with significantThe Internet has evolved and gained a broader user base with significant
commercial activity. Various groups that coordinate Internet issues havecommercial activity. Various groups that coordinate Internet issues have
guided this growth and development.guided this growth and development.
The topics discussed in this section include:The topics discussed in this section include:
Internet Society (ISOC)Internet Society (ISOC)
InternetArchitecture Board (IAB)InternetArchitecture Board (IAB)
InternetEngineering Task Force (IETF)InternetEngineering Task Force (IETF)
InternetResearch Task Force (IRTF)InternetResearch Task Force (IRTF)
InternetAssignedNumbers Authority (IANA)InternetAssignedNumbers Authority (IANA)
Names andNumbers (ICANN)Names andNumbers (ICANN)
Network Information Center (NIC)Network Information Center (NIC)
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Figure 1.4 Internet administration
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The websites for Internet
organizations can be found inAppendix F.
Note:Note: