TBL 1 Exercise

8/3/2019 TBL 1 Exercise

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EFFECT OF MUSCLE EXERCISE ON

METABOLISM

By

Doaa Samy


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Effect of muscle exercise on

metabolism

Heavy muscular exercise is by far

the most extreme stress to whichthe body is exposed. It increases

the body metabolism up to 10

times the basal metabolic rate andeven 20 folds in well trained

athletes.


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3 SYSTEMS

1- phosphagen (ATPPC ) system

2- glycogen - lacticacidsystem

3- aerobicsystem


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SEVERAL METABOLIC SYSTEMS SUPPLY

ENERGY FOR MUSCLE CONTRACTION.

They differ according to:

the intensity of the exercise,

its duration type of diet eaten by the person before the

period of exercise. A person on a high-

carbohydrate diet stores far more glycogen in

muscles than a person on either a mixed diet

or a high-fat diet. Therefore, muscle

performance is greatly enhanced by a high-

carbohydrate diet.


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SYSTEM WHEN SYSTEM IS

WORKING AT MAX.

phosphagen(ATPPC )

system

glycogen -lacticacid

system

aerobicsystem

8-10 seconds

1.3-1.6 mins

UNLIMITED


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ATP

Creatine phosphate (CrP)


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Abo treika uses his

phosphagen system to kick

the ball


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In weight lifting we use the

phosphagen system


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ATP

ATP ADP AMP

12 Kcal 12 Kcal

ATP is the basic source of energy for musclecontraction

Its amount in the muscle is sufficient tosustain maximal muscle power for about 3

seconds only.


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Creatine phosphate (CrP)

CrP + ADP ATP + Cr

CrP is 3-8 times as abundant as ATP

The amount of energy obtained from hydrolysis of CrP(13Kcal/mole) is more than the energy required to form

ATP from ADP(12Kcal/mole)


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glycolysis does notrequire oxygen

in absence of oxygen

pyruvic acid is turnedinto lactic acid.

pyruvic acid

lactic acid

glucose

2 ADP + 2 Pi

2 ATP


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It is used when large amounts of ATP are

required for short to moderate periods of

muscle contraction as during 100 meters swim.


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He uses his anaerobic lactic acid system


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Anaerobic system is how sprinters produce the energy that is used inshort periods of - high intensity exercise.

Glucose Produces

Oxygen cannot reach the muscles fast enough, so anaerobic respiration

is used.


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Anaerobic Respiration is how sprinters produce the energy that is usedin short periods of - high intensity exercise.

Glucose produces

Lactic acid quicklybuilds up & makesthe muscles feel

tired & painful. Allout effort cannotlast for very long!

The rest isconverted into heatto warm the body.

Oxygen cannot reach the muscles fast enough, so anaerobic respiration

is used.

Some is used formuscle contractions,creating movement.

energy


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The release of energy from the breakdown of food stuffs(glucose, fatty acids and amino acids) in the mitochondria

in the presence of oxygen

glucose + oxygen

Although the aerobic system is slower than the other 2 systems, it

enables the muscle to contract for an unlimited time, as long as

nutrients last

carbon dioxide + water + energy


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36ADP + 36Pi =36ATP

glucose

pyruvic acid

carbon dioxide + water

2 ADP + 2 Pi =

2 ATP


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The energy to perform long-

term exercise comes

primarily from the aerobic

system as running amarathon.


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Aerobic respiration is how marathon runners produce the energy thatis used in long periods of less intensive effort.

Glucose andoxygen produce

Some is used for

muscle contractions,creating movement.


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Aerobic respiration is how marathon runners produce the energy thatis used in long periods of less intensive effort.

Glucose andoxygen produce

Carbon dioxide,which is carriedaway by the blood

& excreted throughthe lungs.

Water, which iscarried away by theblood and excretedthrough the lungs,

sweat and urine.

Some is used for

muscle contractions,creating movement.

The rest is convertedinto heat to warmthe body.


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0.5 liter in the air of the

lung

0.25 liter dissolved in the

body fluids1 liter combined with

hemoglobin

0.3 liter combined with

myoglobin

We have 2 liters of oxygen

stores in our body


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Oxygen DebtOxygen DebtQuestion:How do sprinters pay backtheir oxygen debt at the end of a race?

Answer: Sprinters will continue to breathe more deeply and rapidly for anumber of minutes at the end of their race. This will enable them to pay

back the oxygen debt.


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= excess post-exercise oxygen consumption

(EPOC)

ItistheextraconsumptionofO2 after

completionofsevereexercise


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OXYGEN DEBT


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OXYGEN DEBT AFTER HEAVY EXERCISE


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= excess post-exercise oxygen consumption

(EPOC)

O2 debt = O2 consumptionduring

recovery - O2 consumptionduringequal

periodofrest


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EXCESS OXYGEN UPTAKE DURING

RECOVERY IS USED FOR:

to reconvert accumulated lactic acid back into

glucose(Cori cycle).

restoration of ATP & PCr depleted during exercise,small portion to reload muscle myoglobin &

hemoglobin with O2.

To raise the concentration of O2 in the lungs to its

normal levels and to restore O2 in body fluids.


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QUESTIONS


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1- Which one of the following

statements is true about aerobic

system:

A-It produces energy faster than phosphagen

system.B-It releases a large amount of energy for

unlimited time.

C-It depends mainly on ATP splitting to giveenergy.

D- accumulation of lactic acid causes muscle

fatigue.


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2- During marathon race, energy is

mainly derived from:A- Adenosine triphosphate.

B- Creatine phosphate.

C- Oxidation of circulating glucose or

fatty acids.

D- anaerobic-lactic acid system.


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3- During 50 meters dash,

sprinters obtain energy from:

A- Splitting of glycogen stored in

muscles.

B- Oxidation of food stuffs.

C- anaerobic-lactic acid system.

D- Phosphagen system.


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4- The greatest oxygen store in the

body is in:

A- body fluids.

B- blood haemoglobin.

C- lungs.

D- myoglobin.


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5-The energy produced by creatine

phosphate splitting:

A-Is less than that produced by splitting of ATP.

B-Can maintain maximum muscle contraction

for about 3 minutes.C-Is used to reform ATP

D-Is the main source of energy utilized in

100ms swimming.


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6- oxygen debt is:

A- the amount of oxygen utilized duringmaximum exercise.

B- the extra-consumption of oxygen after

completion of severe exercise.

C- the amount of oxygen stored in the body.

D- always equal to the normal requirements.


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7- Extra-consumption of oxygen after

exercise is used for all the following

except :

a) Restoring O2 concentration in body

fluidsb) Reconverting lactic acid back to

glucose

c) washing the accumulated CO2

d) Reforming ATP and CrP.


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8- O2 debt is calculated as:

A- O2 consumption from the onset till the end of

exercise

B- O2 consumption in the next hour following

exercise

C- oxygen consumption during recovery - Oxygen

consumption during an equal period of rest.

D- oxygen consumption after exercise until the

basal consumption is reached


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9- Muscle performance is best

after consumingA- high carbohydrate diet.

B- high fat diet

C- high protein diet

D- mixed diet


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10-Energy expenditure during

exercise:A- depends on the amount of fat in the body

B- is greater in females than males.

C- increases up to 5 folds the basal metabolic

rate in athletes.

D- is the highest during walking upstairs.


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ANSW

ERS

1 Whi h f h f ll i


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1- Which one of the following

statements is true about aerobic

system:

A-It produces energy faster than phosphagen

system.

B-It releases a large amount of energy for

unlimited time.

C-It depends mainly on ATP splitting to giveenergy.

D- accumulation of lactic acid causes muscle

fatigue.


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2- During marathon race, energy is

mainly derived from:

A- Adenosine triphosphate.

B- Creatine phosphate.

C- Oxidation of circulating glucose or

fatty acids.

D- anaerobic-lactic acid system.


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3- During 50 meters dash,

sprinters obtain energy from:

A- Splitting of glycogen stored in

muscles.

B- Oxidation of food stuffs.

C- anaerobic-lactic acid system.

D- Phosphagen system.


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4- The greatest oxygen store in the

body is in:

A- body fluids.

B- blood haemoglobin.

C- lungs.

D- myoglobin.


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5-The energy produced by creatine

phosphate splitting:

A-Is less than that produced by splitting of ATP.

B-Can maintain maximum muscle contraction

for about 3 minutes.C-Is used to reform ATP

D-Is the main source of energy utilized in

100ms swimming.


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6- oxygen debt is:

A- the amount of oxygen utilized duringmaximum exercise.

B- the extra-consumption of oxygen after

completion of severe exercise.

C- the amount of oxygen stored in the body.

D- always equal to the normal requirements.

f f


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7- Extra-consumption of oxygen after

exercise is used for all the following

except :

A) restoring O2 concentration in body

fluids

B) reconverting lactic acid back to

glucose

C) washing the accumulated CO2

D) reforming ATP and CrP.


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8- O2 debt is calculated as:

A- O2 consumption from the onset till the end of

exercise

B- O2 consumption in the next hour following

exercise

C- oxygen consumption during recovery - Oxygen

consumption during an equal period of rest.

D- oxygen consumption after exercise until the

basal consumption is reached


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9- Muscle performance is best

after consumingA- high carbohydrate diet.

B- high fat diet

C- high protein diet

D- mixed diet


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10-Energy expenditure during

exercise:A- depends on the amount of fat in the body

B- is greater in females than males.

C- increases up to 5 folds the basal metabolic

rate in athletes.

D- is the highest during walking upstairs.


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