Taxonomy Classification of Organisms. What is Taxonomy? Taxonomy organizes organisms into groups....

TaxonomyTaxonomy

Classification of OrganismsClassification of Organisms

What is Taxonomy?What is Taxonomy? Taxonomy organizes Taxonomy organizes

organisms into groups.organisms into groups. Species that are closely Species that are closely

related related (like dogs and wolves)(like dogs and wolves) are are grouped closer together grouped closer together then those that are not then those that are not (like dogs and humans)(like dogs and humans)

Scientists use Scientists use Taxonomy to identify Taxonomy to identify and name species.and name species.

Taxonomic RankTaxonomic Rank Each organism is grouped Each organism is grouped

into levels.into levels. All the organisms in the All the organisms in the

group will have group will have something in common something in common (such as a backbone, or (such as a backbone, or scales)scales)

Organisms in a Organisms in a SpeciesSpecies have more in common with have more in common with each other then organisms each other then organisms in a in a domaindomain

Ranks from most general to Ranks from most general to most specific:most specific: Domain (Group has Domain (Group has

Less in common.)Less in common.) KingdomKingdom PhylumPhylum ClassClass OrderOrder Family Family GenusGenus Species (Group has more Species (Group has more

in common)in common)

What are some ways these animals are What are some ways these animals are similar? Different?similar? Different?

Similar? Different?Similar? Different?

Order CarnivoraOrder Carnivora

Family CanidaeFamily Canidae

Genus CanisGenus Canis

Species: Canis FamiliarusSpecies: Canis Familiarus

Binomial NomenclatureBinomial Nomenclature

Each species assigned a 2 part scientific name

Genus: a group of closely related species

Second part is unique to a species

Common Common NameName

GenusGenus SpeciesSpecies

WolfWolf CanisCanis lupuslupus

DogDog Canis Canis

familiarisfamiliaris

HumanHuman HomoHomo sapienssapiens

Hobbit Hobbit manman

HomoHomo floresiensisfloresiensis

Species are Grouped by Common Species are Grouped by Common Traits and ancestry (past relation)Traits and ancestry (past relation)

ClassificationClassification Organisms can be classified into any of the 6 Organisms can be classified into any of the 6

Kingdoms:Kingdoms: EubacteriaEubacteria ArchaebacteriaArchaebacteria ProtistaProtista FungiFungi PlantaePlantae Animalia Animalia

EubacteriaEubacteria

Bacteria; unicellular (one celled) prokaryotesBacteria; unicellular (one celled) prokaryotes

ArchaebacteriaArchaebacteria EXTREME Bacteria; unicellular (one celled) EXTREME Bacteria; unicellular (one celled)

prokaryotesprokaryotes

Live in there. EXTREME!

ProtistaProtista

Slime molds, algae, & amoebas. Unicellular Slime molds, algae, & amoebas. Unicellular (or sometimes multicellular) Eukaryotes(or sometimes multicellular) Eukaryotes

FungiFungi

Mushrooms, molds, & yeasts; multicellular Mushrooms, molds, & yeasts; multicellular eukaryoteseukaryotes

PlantaePlantae

Plants (duh); multicellular eukaryotesPlants (duh); multicellular eukaryotes

AnimaliaAnimalia

Animals; Animals; multicellular multicellular eukaryoteseukaryotes

Dichotomous KeyDichotomous Key

A key scientists use to classify & name an A key scientists use to classify & name an organismorganism

The key is a series of questions that ask about The key is a series of questions that ask about an organisms traits.an organisms traits. Following this key can help you identify the Following this key can help you identify the

species.species.

Classify the FollowingClassify the Following 1. Has pointed ears .................................... go to 31. Has pointed ears .................................... go to 3 Has rounded ears ....................................go to 2Has rounded ears ....................................go to 2

2. Has no tail ............................................. Kentuckyus2. Has no tail ............................................. Kentuckyus Has tail .................................................. DakotusHas tail .................................................. Dakotus

3. Ears point upward .................................... go to 53. Ears point upward .................................... go to 5 Ears point downward ..............go to 4Ears point downward ..............go to 4

4. Engages in waving behavior ........................... Dallus4. Engages in waving behavior ........................... Dallus Has hairy tufts on ears .................................Californius Has hairy tufts on ears .................................Californius

5. Engages in waving behavior .................... WalaWala 5. Engages in waving behavior .................... WalaWala Does not engage in waving behavior ..................go to 6Does not engage in waving behavior ..................go to 6

6. Has hair on head ..................................... Beverlus 6. Has hair on head ..................................... Beverlus Has no hair on head (may have ear tufts) .......go to 7Has no hair on head (may have ear tufts) .......go to 7

7. Has a tail ............................................. Yorkio7. Has a tail ............................................. Yorkio Has no tail, aggressive ............................ RajusHas no tail, aggressive ............................ Rajus

1

2

KentuckyusKentuckyus

RajusRajus

Taxonomy Classification of Organisms. What is Taxonomy? Taxonomy organizes organisms into groups....

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