Targeting traits associated with the drought stress ...
Transcript of Targeting traits associated with the drought stress ...
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Targeting traits associated with the drought stress response to breed grain crops with increased water use efficiency and
productivity for SC growers
Florence, SC — Image taken on 2 July 2019
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Most common water stress phenomenon for grain crops in SC:
Pre-flowering combined heat and drought stress during early reproductive growth
Leaf rolling BlastingSusceptible pre-flowering
window
Model: Grain sorghum
r = 0.36 r = 0.21
Blasting ~ Yield: r = -0.16Rolling ~ Yield: r = -0.07
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Sorghum
Association Panel
400 inbred lines
Select
Advanced
Subset
50 genotypes
Hybrid
Diversity Panel
300 hybrids
32 parents
Top 5%
20 inbreds; 15 hybrids
Bottom 2%
8 inbreds; 6 hybrids
1 reference genome
Greenhouse
Validation
50 genotypes
Advanced
Field Testing
Top 15 hybrids
Genome-wide
Association Mapping
Genetic markers
Genetics of
Hybrid Vigor
GEBVs; PopVar
Flowchart of objectives and deliverables
Year 1 Field EvaluationReplicated RCBD
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Florence, SC — Image taken on 24 July 2019
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Volumetric Water Content (water:soil ratio)
VWC_6in
VWC_15in
VWC_24in
Wat
er:S
oil
rati
o
Hurricane Dorian (2.5” rainfall)
7/22: 2nd WUE collection date
7/2: 1st WUE collection date
Harvest window
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Table 1. Fifty selections for the advanced subset for additional testing of WUE traits in year 2.
Category GenotypeAnthesis
days
Heightcm
Leaf Rolling0-9 scale
Senescence0-9 scale
Ref Genome BTx623 73.8 125.3 2 1.5
SAP-high WUE Msumbji SB 117 69.0 126.2 2 1.5
SAP-high WUE Bulfontein White Kafir Corn 65.3 117.2 2 1
SAP-high WUE Lambas 70.3 114.5 2 1.5
SAP-high WUE SC 1019 82.5 124.7 2 1
SAP-high WUE SO 16 66.2 119.0 1.5 1.5
SAP-high WUE KA 21 Gajerar Kaura 75.3 106.2 1.5 1
SAP-high WUE Budy 77.1 123.0 1.5 1
SAP-high WUE Tx2911 77.0 111.5 1.5 2
SAP-high WUE QL3(India) 80.9 119.7 1.5 1
SAP-high WUE No. 5 Gambela 76.7 86.2 1 3
SAP-high WUE No. 35 Mab 75.2 115.8 1 2.5
SAP-high WUE KA 24 67.7 133.8 1 2
SAP-high WUE MACIA 76.2 142.2 1 1
SAP-high WUE SAP-168 67.3 111.8 1 2
SAP-high WUE KS 115 66.9 112.7 1 1.5
SAP-high WUE SRN39 81.3 144.9 1 1
SAP-high WUE Dorado 82.8 137.7 1 4.5
SAP-high WUE Pinolero 1 79.4 137.3 1 3
SAP-high WUE QL3-TEXAS 66.9 115.3 1 1
SAP-high WUE COMBINE HEGARI 71.4 113.4 1 2
SAP-high WUE Segaolane 64.0 168.0 1.5 1
SAP-low WUE No. 64 Netch Addesho 90.3 91.8 9 2.5
SAP-low WUE SAP-150 71.5 106.3 7.5 3
SAP-low WUE BTx642 78.6 99.8 7 1.5
SAP-low WUE SC 1047 89.8 120.5 7 3.5
SAP-low WUE Kokla 69.1 96.0 6.5 2.5
SAP-low WUE 80M 80.8 110.0 6.5 4.5
SAP-low WUE No. 59 Bekedjie, Kembolcha 73.0 93.3 9 3
SAP-low WUE 2033Z-3 76.0 92.3 8 4
HDP-highWUE ATx2928/P89010 68.0 175.5 6.0 1.0
HDP-highWUE ATx642/94Q63 71.5 292.5 5.5 2.5
HDP-highWUE ATx2928//(WWR/R4B1) 74.0 149.0 5.5 1.0
HDP-highWUE ATx2928/54.K.94(WWR) 69.5 196.5 5.5 1.0
HDP-highWUE ATx642/X13-17-1-7-4 69.5 130.5 5.0 1.0
HDP-highWUE ATx2928//(NYT/R380) 66.0 139.0 5.0 1.0
HDP-highWUE ATx2928/KA 21 Gajerar Kaura 74.0 158.0 5.0 1.0
HDP-highWUE ATx2928/CE151-262-A1 68.0 174.5 5.0 1.0
HDP-highWUE ATx642//(WHTLD/ECG30) 69.0 155.5 4.5 1.0
HDP-highWUE ATx2928/Feterita Gondal 57.5 95.0 4.5 1.0
HDP-highWUE ATx2928/Mashila 69.0 120.0 4.0 1.0
HDP-highWUE ATx2928/SC 748-5 65.5 161.5 4.0 1.0
HDP-highWUE ATx2928/Karad 2-7-11 68.0 125.5 3.5 1.0
HDP-highWUE ATx2928/KA 24 66.0 165.5 3.0 1.0
HDP-highWUE ATx2928/WHITE KAFIR 56.0 193.0 2.0 1.0
HDP-low WUE ATx642/SC 49 61.0 224.0 9.0 2.5
HDP-low WUE ATx642//(P89/R3117) 74.0 129.5 9.0 1.5
HDP-low WUE ATx2928//(AUS_B112/PHB82) 68.0 128.5 9.0 1.5
HDP-low WUE ATx642/SC 1416 73.0 165.0 9.0 1.5
HDP-low WUE ATx642/SC 1215 63.5 144.5 9.0 1.5
HDP-low WUE ATx642/PH 232 71.5 120.0 9.0 1.0
Advanced Subset
Evaluation
Greenhouse testing:• Leaf rolling• Foliar senescence• Pollen volume• Fertilization efficiency• Yield components
Field validation:• Yield trial for subset of 21 hybrids
• Dryland vs. irrigated (sandy soils)• Three reps per condition
Objective: Identify physiological mechanisms
Objective: Validate Year 1 and GH results
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Optimizing root architecture to capture water in sandy soils
What is (if it exists) the optimal root system architecture for grain crops in this environment?
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Collaboration to measure belowground traits
Novel RootTracker 3D sensing design predicts root architecture non-destructively in real-time
Pre-flowering drought tolerance would be a major stability trait for sorghum in the southeastern US
Florence — 12 Aug 2019
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Florence — 9 Sept 2019
Collaboration to measure belowground traits
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Validation of RootTracker sensing with shovelomics
Collaboration to measure belowground traits
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Wheat Scab Nursery — Pee Dee REC (Florence, SC)
• Evaluate thousands of breeding lines annually for disease resistance• Mist-irrigated nursery inoculated with Fusarium graminearum
Applied studies to improve breeding efficiency