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Target Exploration developed an exclusive Software CGG-ESTI© for Compensated Geothermal Gradients

Analysis and mapping, and quick-look analysis to differentiate producing wells from dry holes by their CGG-

ESTI motifs. Then use the geothermal motif producing wells to identify possible, probable and potential

missed and/or by-passed producible reservoirs or zones in old “dry holes” or “un-discovery wells”. The

same programme produces the current geothermal parameters for source rocks maturation and basin

modelling programmes (IBRAHIM, 1994), as well as in geothermal energy exploration and prospects generation (IBRAHM

2017).

http://www.targetexploration.com/Sample3.pdfhttp://www.targetexploration.com/00027547.PDFhttp://www.targetexploration.com/IBRAHIM_AAPG_2017.PDFhttp://www.targetexploration.com/IBRAHIM_AAPG_2017.PDFhttps://sites.ualberta.ca/~unsworth/papers/2012-Gray-Northern-Alberta-geothermics-JGE.pdfhttp://www.targetexploration.com/

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CGG-ESTI©: Is an interactive computer programme to identify boreholes with statistically significant BHT data, correct and test for reliability their

BHT records, and plot their corrected geothermal gradients (CGG) and corresponding extrapolated surface temperature intercepts (ESTI) of exploration and

production wells,. Several case-studied have shown that deep interim CGG/ESTI cross-plots of a borehole were almost identical to the final CGG/ESTI cross-

plots realised after hydrocarbon discovery at TD. Therefore, an anomalous interim CGG/ESTI cross-plot can be a during-drilling input to the decision tree to

justify drilling deeper target(s) when shallow target(s) found to be low, dry, wet, tight, etc. (Ibrahim 1994).

In addition to rejuvenating mature basins through identifying missed and bypassed traps, the CGG-ESTI© software and geothermal gradients

mapping method can be used in generating potential geothermal energy prospects. This potential application of the method and software as

Geothermal Energy Cross-Over Technology tool was presented to the 2017 AAPG Crossover Energy workshop in Durham University IBRAHM, 2017.

1. Geothermal Gradient Anomalies of Hydrocarbon Entrapment, UKCS Quadrants 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 43, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53 and 54. Non-

Exclusive Report, Target Exploration, London, UK. 60 Pages, 290 Figures and 5 Enclosures.TAR-08

2. Geothermal Gradient Anomalies of Hydrocarbon Entrapment, Morecambe Bay, UKCS Quadrant 110, Non-Exclusive Report, Target Exploration,

London, UK. 80 Pages, 40 Figures and 5 Enclosures (on hold).

3. Geothermal Gradient Anomalies of Hydrocarbon Entrapment, On- and Off-Shore Louisiana, USA, Non-Exclusive Report, Target Exploration, London,

UK. 220 P. (on hold).

http://www.targetexploration.com/00027547.PDFhttp://www.targetexploration.com/IBRAHIM_AAPG_2017.PDFhttp://www.targetexploration.com/tar8.pdf

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4. Geothermal gradient anomalies of hydrocarbon entrapment, Al-Hagfa Trough, Sirt Basin, Libya. Non Exclusive Report, 37 p. 70 Figures , % Enclosures

and PDF CD. TAR-06

5. Geothermal Gradient Anomalies of Hydrocarbon Entrapment in Iraq (and adjacent areas in Iran, Jordan; Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Syria), Non-

Exclusive Report, Target E. C., London, UK, 121 p, 178 figures, 7 enclosures. TAR-05

6. Structural Evolution and Petroleum System of the Hagfa Trough, Sirte Basin, Libya. Non-Exclusive Report, Target Exploration, 19 Pages, 14 Figures

and One PDF CD.TAR-12

7. Ibrahim, MW (1999) Petroleum Geology and Hydrocarbon Provinces of Iraq. In Iraqi Petroleum Conference 1999, ENTRC-TARGET C. G., 9-10 September

1999, Imperial College, London. 17p. IPC1999

8. Ibrahim, M.W. (2012) Exploration Ramifications of the Regional Geothermal Gradient of Iraq. (Abstract). IPC 2012 (Iraq-In Preparation for the 5th Bid Round (Exploration, Fields Development and Operation Challenges, the 4th Iraqi Petroleum Conference) Target Exploration, 13 & 14 September 2012, Imperial College, London, 80p. and PDF CD. IPC12.

9. Ibrahim, MW. (1984) Geothermal gradients and geothermal oil generation in southern Iraq: a preliminary investigation. Journal of Petroleum Geology, V.7, No.1, January, 1984, pp 77-86. IBRAHIM 1984

10. Ibrahim MW (1986) Compensated geothermal gradient: New Map of old data. AAPG Bull 70 (5) pp 603. Abstract. IBRAHIM 1986

11. Ibrahim MW (1988) Compensated Geothermal Gradient Anomalies in a mature hydrocarbon basin: Lake Pontchartrain, Lake Decade and Eugene Island, the Gulf Coast, Louisiana, USA. AAPG Bull 72 (2) pp 200. Abstract. IBRAHIM 1988

http://www.targetexploration.com/tra6.pdfhttp://www.targetexploration.com/tar5.pdfhttp://www.targetexploration.com/tar12.pdfhttp://www.targetexploration.com/IPC99.PDFhttp://www.targetexploration.com/ipc12.pdfhttp://www.targetexploration.com/ibrahim1984.PDFhttp://www.searchanddiscovery.com/abstracts/html/1986/annual/abstracts/0603c.htmhttp://www.searchanddiscovery.com/abstracts/html/1988/annual/abstracts/0200.htm

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12. Ibrahim MW (1994) Geothermal Gradient Anomalies of Hydrocarbon Entrapment, UKCS Quadrants 35-54, In Proceedings of European Petroleum Computer Conference, 15-17 March 1994, Aberdeen, SP Paper No. 27547, pp 85-96. IBRAHIM, 1994.

13. Ibrahim MW (1995) Geothermal Gradient Anomalies of Hydrocarbon Entrapment in the Middle East and North Africa, In Proceedings of GEO 94 the Middle East Geosciences Exhibition and Conference, 25-27 April 1994, Bahrain, Vol.2, pp 543-552. IBRAHIM 1995

14. Ibrahim MW (1997) Geothermal gradient anomalies of hydrocarbon entrapment, Al-Hagfa Trough, Sirt Basin, Libya. In Geology of Sirt Basin, Salem m et al, Eds. Elsevier pub. Co., pp 419-433.

15. Ibrahim, MW (2000A) Missed, By-passed, and Under-estimated Hydrocarbon Traps: Examination of Basic Exploration Records Reveals Potential "Un-Discovery" Wells in Libya, (Abstract). Geo 2000, 4th. Middle East Geo-sciences Conference, 27-29 March, Bahrain. GeoArabia, V. 5, No. 1, pp,112-113. IBRAHIM 2000A

16. Ibrahim, MW (2000B) Missed, By-passed, and Under-estimated Hydrocarbon Traps: Examination of Basic Exploration Records Reveals Potential "Un-

Discovery" Wells in Libya, (Abstract). AAPG Annual Convention, 16-19 April 2000, Louisiana, p. A-72. IBRAHIM 2000B

17. Ibrahim, MW, (2002) Missed, Bypassed, and Underestimated Hydrocarbon Traps: Analysis of Basic Exploration Records Reveals “Un-Discovery Wells” in North Arabia, (Abstract). In AAPG Annual Convention, Houston, Texas, USA. IBRAHIM, 2002.

18. Ibrahim, MW (2007) Missed, Bypassed and Under-estimated Hydrocarbon Traps: Analysis of Exploration Records Reveals “Un-discovery Wells” in North Arabia, In MEOS, 15th Middle East Oil Show and Conference, 11-14 March 2007, SPE, Bahrain, Conference CD.

19. Ibrahim, MW. (2008). Missed, Bypassed and Under-Estimated Hydrocarbon Traps (Analysis of BHT Records Reveals “Undiscovery Wells” in Some OAPEC Countries). In Symposium on “Development in Petroleum Exploration & Production Technologies”, Jointly Organized by OAPEC and the Oil and Gas National Authority in Kingdom of Bahrain, Manama-Kingdom of Bahrain; 10-12 November, 2008.Conference Abstracts, P. 31-33. IBRAHIM 2008.

http://www.targetexploration.com/00027547.PDFhttp://www.gulfpetrolink.com/index.php/geoarabia-references/item/2143-ibrahim-m-w-1995-geothermal-and-gradient-anomalies-of-hydrocarbon-entrapment-in-the-middle-east-and-north-africa-in-m-i-al-husseini-ed-middle-east-petroleum-geosciences-conference-geo-94-gulf-petrolink-bahrain-v-2-p-543-552https://watermark.silverchair.com/geo2000.pdf?token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW_Ercy7Dm3ZL_9Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAAmowggJmBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggJXMIICUwIBADCCAkwGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQMVVWO7Z-BMwbvhwHEAgEQgIICHS0-9m_mVRS_OzOxJ6hH7laVyks7ZyzXmKp5S0Hycv8YHQt9zd_nlvKqGehrvby1cU0O7OaQRBJeRLeiwykFHj4_hcIw8SkLTIinlnZIUzCXOtuG59bTLwAF6DRQGhsav3kvQ5KLx9FtZbQn2XaIYhUDLKPuu6U8jRumJWhJ6kpGMZoq2QxqzAsl6gJyc_GYHhtk_UQKZ3VSvBUsV4MtJeWskpNWnAAZ1_jdj-7gHaIqHyGk9o-Jp1492DxVWQ-SdZs7QhjtYucGDI3NutwL4LpEdnf9LFVrFF33vZTTFMre9hYQ9p_H_zURo8M5vLUhurBIbTZyQryoY9nLsA-eZSdEV0yA1T1_F0rdxmLN1LD7nkHm1BPz3HjE3huvnH0hvtrGi6u2blddAFW-rL1BVwKCwbyH_NPkYPXV6XhqmfLQawEYUZH0tJHESmbeSXbc8ld_EnpIQcrMYn9M9iqqqFZa_3DABOysGk_4Nr9hokKXru5Ubvo0mKlJsKAKPwR62CzaEAJjoWddKkD7XGO16bWa1V1jaQTXXEZoIlARu-ytmspxn_hNNZQYbOO7eUyzT9c5ccsVr2sjIPE307w_wMjEVVSy9rR86ejG5pMGAlRBjhezPUfJcVA3p4orvDTcRv2ZFC0MU6alQoG7rlr98EEaFULLSmpfUsgKbXr92JXII2U-58H3PU9I2eOvoN1qoMtnKePNJRXUyM_-4f0http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/abstracts/html/2000/annual/abstracts/0319.htmhttp://www.targetexploration.com/IBRAHIM-2002.PDFhttp://www.targetexploration.com/SAMPLE3.PDF

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20. Ibrahim, MW. (2017B) Using geothermal gradient anomalies of hydrocarbon entrapment in rejuvenating mature basins and identifying missed and bypassed traps, 1P Abstract, Geothermal Cross Over Technology Workshop. Organised by AAPG Europe Section, Collingwood College; Durham University, UK. 25th - 27th April 2017. IBRAHM 2017

21. Ibrahim, MW. (2017C) Geothermal gradient anomalies of hydrocarbon entrapment of central Sirte Basin, Libya: a mature basin rejuvenation technique, Pp.152-153 extended abstract, Abstracts volume, 16th African conference, organised by the PESGB at Business Design Centre, London, UK. 31 August-1 September 2017. 172p.

22. Ibrahim, MW. (2017F) Application of compensated geothermal gradients (CGG-ESTI©) method in mature basins rejuvenation and prospects generation. Abstract and [ppp] in MENA 2017 Oil and Gas Conference (Energy Crossovers of MENA), the 11th Middle East and North Africa Oil and Gas Conference, 18-19 September 2017, organised by Target Exploration at the Imperial College, London, UK., 50P and one PDF CD. MENA 2017

23. Ibrahim, MW and B. Al-Kubaisi (2018A) Geothermal gradient anomalies of hydrocarbon entrapment at Southern North Sea basin, UKCS: a mature

basin rejuvenation technique. Extended Abstract. Geo 2018 Conference and Exhibition, 5-8 March 2018, organised by AAPG ME Section, Manama,

Bahrain. IBRAHIM 2018A.

24. Ibrahim, MW and G. Reeh (2018 B) Geothermal gradient anomalies of hydrocarbon entrapment at central Sirte basin, Libya: a mature basin

rejuvenation technique. Extended Abstract. Geo 2018 Conference and Exhibition, 5-8 March 2018, organised by AAPG ME Section, Manama, Bahrain.

IBRAHIM 2018B (PPTX)

http://www.targetexploration.com/IBRAHIM_AAPG_2017.PDFhttp://www.targetexploration.com/mena17.pdfhttp://www.targetexploration.com/ibrahim2018A.PDFhttp://www.targetexploration.com/ibrahim2018B.PDFhttp://www.targetexploration.com/IBRAHIM2018BPPT.PDF

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