Talk by: Surajit Sen Department of Physics Gurucharan College Silchar.

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DRUTA DAHAN CHULLI (FAST CREMATORY FURNACE) A GREEN FURNACE FOR CREMATORY GROUNDS

Transcript of Talk by: Surajit Sen Department of Physics Gurucharan College Silchar.

DRUTA DAHAN CHULLI(FAST CREMATORY FURNACE)

A GREEN FURNACE FOR CREMATORY GROUNDS

DRUTA DAHAN CHULLI(FAST CREMATORY FURNACE)

BASED ON THE GREEN FURNACE FOR CREMATORY GROUNDS INNOVATED BY LATE KANTI BHUSAN SEN

Talk by:Surajit Sen

Department of PhysicsGurucharan College

Silchar

Part-I

Global warming and techniques to curb it

What is Global Warming?

What causes global warming

Excessive concentration of Green House Gas (GHG) is primarily responsible for Global Warming

Main constituents of GHG are CO2, CH4, CF4, NO2, SF6, various CFCs, …

Classification of Global Warming

1. Natural global warming2. Anthropogenic (Man-made) global

warming

Contribution of natural or anthropogenic global warming

Man-made contribution to the Climate Change needs to be curbed.

Magnitude of global warming

vs Time plot explains why Climate Change is a threat

T

Historically Carbon dioxide concentration is around 200 – 280ppm

Present concentration is 378ppm and it is rising at 1.5 ppm per year

Point of no return ≈ 400-450ppm? (Between 2040-2050)

We have 10-20 years is left to show that we can makea difference?

Carbon contamination of our climate

Impact of global warming on sea-level change

Three important methods to tackle global warming

1. Promote large scale forestation

2. Reduce the `Carbon Footprint’- individual carbon contribution to climate

3. Transform `Conventional Projects’ into innovative `Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)’ Projects and get it certified by UNFCCC to generate `Carbon Credit’How to integrate all three features in a

single project

UNEP recommendation to curb Carbon Footprint

Since 2008 United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) recommending

individual `CARBON FOOPRINT’ by changing their

lifestyle

Personal initiative to curb `Carbon Footprint’

Sl No

Table 1 Table 2 Amount of Carbon saved

1 Electric Clock Normal Clock

48 gm

2 Electric tooth brush

Normal tooth brush

48 gm

3 Refrigerator(150ltr A)

Refrigerator (150ltr A++)

130 gm

4 Motor car (8 km)

Rail(8 km)

4.7 kg

5 Electric toaster

Normal toaster 170 gm

6 60 watt bulb 60 watt CFL bulb 4 times less GHG

A innovative way of reducing the individual `Carbon Footprint’

Hundreds of dos… and do not… exists for living persons

`Fast Crematory Furnace or Druta Dahan Chulli’ is an innovative project which reduces the `Carbon Footprint’ of every individual even beyond death !

Part-II

Fast Crematory Furnace Project at Silchar

Municipal Crematory Ground

`All truth are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them’

- Galileo

This part of the lecture is based on the work of late Kanti Bhusan Sen

Contents

1. Traditional Crematory Furnacea) Essential componentsb) Fuel

2. Structure of Traditional Furnace a) Sectional view

b) Top view 3. Druta Dahan Chulli (DDC)

a) Essential componentsb) Fuel

Contents (Contd.) 3. Structure of Druta Dahan Chulli (DDC)

a) Lateral view b) Sectional view

4. Layout of DDC 5. Technical specification 6. Comparison of DDC with traditional furnace 7. Why DDC is a `Green Furnace’? 8. Impact of the DDC Project 9. Prospect of UNFCCC Certification of the DDC

as a CDM Project 10. Historical notes

Traditional crematory Furnace

Essential components 1. Brick Basement 2. Rail

Fuel (Tire Derived Fuel (TDF)) 1. Primary fuel:

i) Larger log of firewood 2. Secondary fuel (Supportive):

i) Kerosene (substantial)ii) Scrap tire HAZARDOUS

Structure of Traditional Furnace

Sectional & Top view

BrickSide

Stand

Brick Side

Stand

H Rail

Rail

Rail

Rail

H Rail

BrickSide

Stand

BrickSide

Stand

H Rail

BrickBasement

Larger log of WoodLarger log of Wood

WoodWood

WoodWood

WoodWood

Corpse Bed

Scrap tire burning from

bottom

Vertical rails

Vert

ical R

ail

Vert

ical R

ail

H Rail

Druta Dahan Chulli(Fast Crematory Furnace)

Essential components 1. Brick Basement 2. Rail 3. Air tunnel with fan 4. Regulators 5. Cleaning arrangement

Fuel1. Primary fuel:

Smaller & medium pieces of firewood2. Secondary fuel (supportive):

i) Kerosene - Very less (Just to start ignition)ii) Scrap Tire - Nil

Module-II: Blower Unit

Module-I: Furnace Unit

Structure of Druta Dahan Chulli (Sectional view)

BrickSide

Stand

Brick Side

Stand

H Rail

Brick Basement

WoodWood

Sliced Wood Sliced WoodSliced

WoodSliced Wood

Sliced WoodSliced Wood

BLOWER HOUSE

Movable iron doors to cover

two open portions of

chulli

Water Pump

Hose Pipe

Sliced WoodSliced

Wood

Sliced Wood

Sliced Wood

Vert

ical R

ail

Vert

ical R

ail

Blower Fan

Sla

b c

over

Air

Reg

-I:

Ste

el

door

Underground water tank

Box-shaped focused Air flow duck

Air Regula-tor-II

BLOWER UNIT

FURNACEUNIT

Structure of Druta Dahan Chulli (Top View)

BrickSide

Stand

BrickSide

Stand

H Rail

Rail

Rail

Rail

H Rail

BLOWER HOUSE

Air Regulator-II:Movable iron door

V Rail

Under ground Water Tank

Hose Pipe

Rail

Drain

Air flow duck

Air Regulator-II

Water pump

Blower Fan

Air

R

egula

tor-

I

BLOWER UNIT

FURNACEUNIT

Technical Layout of DDC (Top view)

Technical Layout of DDC (Sectional view)

Technical specification of DDC

DDC

FurnaceUnit

Blower Unit

Module-I: Furnace Unit (Traditional Furnace +)

Two brick platforms: Each with Length 7ft, Breadth 2.6ft, Height 2.6ft from Finished Ground Level (FGL)

Distance between two brick platforms: 3 ft Rail (Horizontal): 3 ft (6 numbers) Rail (Vertical): 3.6 ft (2X6 numbers) Base of the furnace: Slightly U (concave) shaped Size of air flow outlet duct penetrating one side of brick

platform : 13in X 13in

Module-II: Blower UnitAir Tunnel

Length of air flow duct (From Blower House to base of the furnace): Approx 10 ft

Shape of air flow duct: Box-shaped, focused towards furnace and covered by air-tight slab

Inlet size of air flow duct: 2ft X 2ft Outlet size of air flow duct: 13in X 13in Diameter of air blower (Fan): 2 ft Speed of fan: Standard RPM available in

market

Technical specification of DDC

Air Regulation

Regulator-I (Optional): Movable iron plate of size 15in X 15in to control air through the duct manually

Regulator-II: Two movable iron doors each of size 3.4ft X 2.6ft on both open sides of furnace

Post cremation cleaning arrangement

Underground water reservoir Water pump with hose pipe Drain to flow out debris after each cremation

Technical specification of DDC

Comparison of Traditional Furnace and DDC

Sl No

Feature/Requirement

Traditional Furnace

DDC

1 Nature of Fuel Wood + Scrap Tire (Tire Derived Fuel)

Only Wood

2 Electricity No Yes (To run fan)

3 Quantity of Kerosene Substantial Less

4 Amount of firewood More Less

5 Remnant of burnt wood

(Indicating wastage)

More Less

6 Time of cremation 3-3½ hours 2-2½ hours

7 Man power involvement

More Very less

8 Nature of burning, External

maneuvering

Non-uniform,Required

Uniform, Minimum

9 Post cleaning arrangement

Manual Partly automatic (Use

hosepipe)

10 Hazardous gas emission

Yes (Due to TDF) NIL

A conservative estimate:- Assuming 800 corpses are burnt per year, the

DDC project economizes about 10kg of firewood than the Traditional Furnace and saves at least 1 man-hour per corpse:

Traditional Furnace

• x unit firewood• Scrap tire• 3-3½ man-hour

Druta Dahan Chulli

• y unit firewood

• 2-2½ man-hourc) In 1 year DDC saves 80 Quintal of firewood approximately

Why DDC is a `Green Project’ ?

*X-Y=10 kg

b) In 1 year DDC saves 21 days man-hour approximately

a) Goodbye to Tire Derived Fuel (TDF) from Silchar Cremation Ground

Reduces i

ndividual

`CARBON F

OOTPRINT’

by elim

inatin

g harm

ful

TDF

Impact of DDC ProjectDate of installation of original DDC : April 14, 1989 (Supported by some philanthropists of Silchar, Assam, India)

In 2009 the original DDC is being replaced by its 2nd replica on May 3, 2009 (Supported by Silchar Food Grain Merchant Association)

`Honey Bee Network’ and `Sristi’ from IIM, Ahmadabad recognizes the innovation of the DDC as a `Testimony of spreading Green Consciousness’.

Taking 800 corpses are burnt per year, in two decade , the DDC at Silchar saves 1,600 Quintal (160,000Kg) of firewood and more than a year man-hour

UNFCCC Certification of the DDC Project as a CDM Project : A proposal

Pilot Project

• Assuming 1000 corpse cremated per year, a single unit of DDC reduces Green House Gas (GHG) emission & completely eliminates Tire Derived Fuel (TDF) saving 100 Quintal of firewood annually (@saves at least 10kg of firewood per corpse)

An Estimate

• Installation of 1,000 number of DDC across the state will reduce the carbon emission due to Tire Derived Fuel significantly and save 10,000 Quintal of firewood annually

What is necessary?

• As per UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) recommendation it is necessary to evaluate the prospect of DDC Project as a viable `Clean Development mechanism’ (CDM) Project to check that weather it can generate a good amount of `Carbon Credit’

Proposed ProjectLarge scale implementation of

the DDC project across the country

If CDM Project is

recognized

DDC Project: Historical NotesA

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DDC Project: Historical NotesA

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DDC Project: Historical Notes

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DDC Project: Historical NotesO

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DDC Project: Historical NotesP

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DDC Project: Historical NotesP

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DDC Project: Historical NotesRecognition by SRISTI & Honey Bee Network of

IIMA

` `Green Living, Green

Death’

“The range the innovations made by Prof Sen touched not only lives but also the deaths. He invented the Druta Dahan Chulli or Fast Burning Furnace in 1989 which can be called a green furnace for cremation. It is alternative to the traditional cremation among the Hindus. . . .”

“The success of the Druta Dahan Chulli in the crematory ground of Silchar for last two decades is a testimony of Green Consciousness spread by Prof Sen. He was given fitting finale in this furnace after his demise on June 9, 2004.”

Honey Bee Vol 19 (2008) p16

Innovated byKanti Bhusan

Sen

`Green Living, Green Death’

TAKE PLEDGE TO REDUCE `CARBON FOOTPRINT’

TRANSFORM

TRADITIONAL CREMATORY CHULLI OF YOUR LOCALITY INTO

`DRUTA DAHAN CHULLI ’

Acknowledgement

1. All philanthropists who contributed directly and indirectly in making of the `Green Chulli’

2. Late Dwijendra Kumar Deb and Sri Dilip Kumar Chakraborty

3. Silchar Municipality Board 4. Honey Bee Journal, Vol.19 (2008) p16 5. Anandabazar Patrika (June 8, 2008)

* * * * *

THANK YOUfor patient listening