Talk by: Surajit Sen Department of Physics Gurucharan College Silchar.
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Transcript of Talk by: Surajit Sen Department of Physics Gurucharan College Silchar.
DRUTA DAHAN CHULLI(FAST CREMATORY FURNACE)
BASED ON THE GREEN FURNACE FOR CREMATORY GROUNDS INNOVATED BY LATE KANTI BHUSAN SEN
Talk by:Surajit Sen
Department of PhysicsGurucharan College
Silchar
What causes global warming
Excessive concentration of Green House Gas (GHG) is primarily responsible for Global Warming
Main constituents of GHG are CO2, CH4, CF4, NO2, SF6, various CFCs, …
Classification of Global Warming
1. Natural global warming2. Anthropogenic (Man-made) global
warming
Contribution of natural or anthropogenic global warming
Man-made contribution to the Climate Change needs to be curbed.
Historically Carbon dioxide concentration is around 200 – 280ppm
Present concentration is 378ppm and it is rising at 1.5 ppm per year
Point of no return ≈ 400-450ppm? (Between 2040-2050)
We have 10-20 years is left to show that we can makea difference?
Carbon contamination of our climate
Three important methods to tackle global warming
1. Promote large scale forestation
2. Reduce the `Carbon Footprint’- individual carbon contribution to climate
3. Transform `Conventional Projects’ into innovative `Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)’ Projects and get it certified by UNFCCC to generate `Carbon Credit’How to integrate all three features in a
single project
UNEP recommendation to curb Carbon Footprint
Since 2008 United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) recommending
individual `CARBON FOOPRINT’ by changing their
lifestyle
Personal initiative to curb `Carbon Footprint’
Sl No
Table 1 Table 2 Amount of Carbon saved
1 Electric Clock Normal Clock
48 gm
2 Electric tooth brush
Normal tooth brush
48 gm
3 Refrigerator(150ltr A)
Refrigerator (150ltr A++)
130 gm
4 Motor car (8 km)
Rail(8 km)
4.7 kg
5 Electric toaster
Normal toaster 170 gm
6 60 watt bulb 60 watt CFL bulb 4 times less GHG
A innovative way of reducing the individual `Carbon Footprint’
Hundreds of dos… and do not… exists for living persons
`Fast Crematory Furnace or Druta Dahan Chulli’ is an innovative project which reduces the `Carbon Footprint’ of every individual even beyond death !
`All truth are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them’
- Galileo
This part of the lecture is based on the work of late Kanti Bhusan Sen
Contents
1. Traditional Crematory Furnacea) Essential componentsb) Fuel
2. Structure of Traditional Furnace a) Sectional view
b) Top view 3. Druta Dahan Chulli (DDC)
a) Essential componentsb) Fuel
Contents (Contd.) 3. Structure of Druta Dahan Chulli (DDC)
a) Lateral view b) Sectional view
4. Layout of DDC 5. Technical specification 6. Comparison of DDC with traditional furnace 7. Why DDC is a `Green Furnace’? 8. Impact of the DDC Project 9. Prospect of UNFCCC Certification of the DDC
as a CDM Project 10. Historical notes
Traditional crematory Furnace
Essential components 1. Brick Basement 2. Rail
Fuel (Tire Derived Fuel (TDF)) 1. Primary fuel:
i) Larger log of firewood 2. Secondary fuel (Supportive):
i) Kerosene (substantial)ii) Scrap tire HAZARDOUS
Structure of Traditional Furnace
Sectional & Top view
BrickSide
Stand
Brick Side
Stand
H Rail
Rail
Rail
Rail
H Rail
BrickSide
Stand
BrickSide
Stand
H Rail
BrickBasement
Larger log of WoodLarger log of Wood
WoodWood
WoodWood
WoodWood
Corpse Bed
Scrap tire burning from
bottom
Vertical rails
Vert
ical R
ail
Vert
ical R
ail
H Rail
Druta Dahan Chulli(Fast Crematory Furnace)
Essential components 1. Brick Basement 2. Rail 3. Air tunnel with fan 4. Regulators 5. Cleaning arrangement
Fuel1. Primary fuel:
Smaller & medium pieces of firewood2. Secondary fuel (supportive):
i) Kerosene - Very less (Just to start ignition)ii) Scrap Tire - Nil
Module-II: Blower Unit
Module-I: Furnace Unit
Structure of Druta Dahan Chulli (Sectional view)
BrickSide
Stand
Brick Side
Stand
H Rail
Brick Basement
WoodWood
Sliced Wood Sliced WoodSliced
WoodSliced Wood
Sliced WoodSliced Wood
BLOWER HOUSE
Movable iron doors to cover
two open portions of
chulli
Water Pump
Hose Pipe
Sliced WoodSliced
Wood
Sliced Wood
Sliced Wood
Vert
ical R
ail
Vert
ical R
ail
Blower Fan
Sla
b c
over
Air
Reg
-I:
Ste
el
door
Underground water tank
Box-shaped focused Air flow duck
Air Regula-tor-II
BLOWER UNIT
FURNACEUNIT
Structure of Druta Dahan Chulli (Top View)
BrickSide
Stand
BrickSide
Stand
H Rail
Rail
Rail
Rail
H Rail
BLOWER HOUSE
Air Regulator-II:Movable iron door
V Rail
Under ground Water Tank
Hose Pipe
Rail
Drain
Air flow duck
Air Regulator-II
Water pump
Blower Fan
Air
R
egula
tor-
I
BLOWER UNIT
FURNACEUNIT
Technical specification of DDC
DDC
FurnaceUnit
Blower Unit
Module-I: Furnace Unit (Traditional Furnace +)
Two brick platforms: Each with Length 7ft, Breadth 2.6ft, Height 2.6ft from Finished Ground Level (FGL)
Distance between two brick platforms: 3 ft Rail (Horizontal): 3 ft (6 numbers) Rail (Vertical): 3.6 ft (2X6 numbers) Base of the furnace: Slightly U (concave) shaped Size of air flow outlet duct penetrating one side of brick
platform : 13in X 13in
Module-II: Blower UnitAir Tunnel
Length of air flow duct (From Blower House to base of the furnace): Approx 10 ft
Shape of air flow duct: Box-shaped, focused towards furnace and covered by air-tight slab
Inlet size of air flow duct: 2ft X 2ft Outlet size of air flow duct: 13in X 13in Diameter of air blower (Fan): 2 ft Speed of fan: Standard RPM available in
market
Technical specification of DDC
Air Regulation
Regulator-I (Optional): Movable iron plate of size 15in X 15in to control air through the duct manually
Regulator-II: Two movable iron doors each of size 3.4ft X 2.6ft on both open sides of furnace
Post cremation cleaning arrangement
Underground water reservoir Water pump with hose pipe Drain to flow out debris after each cremation
Technical specification of DDC
Comparison of Traditional Furnace and DDC
Sl No
Feature/Requirement
Traditional Furnace
DDC
1 Nature of Fuel Wood + Scrap Tire (Tire Derived Fuel)
Only Wood
2 Electricity No Yes (To run fan)
3 Quantity of Kerosene Substantial Less
4 Amount of firewood More Less
5 Remnant of burnt wood
(Indicating wastage)
More Less
6 Time of cremation 3-3½ hours 2-2½ hours
7 Man power involvement
More Very less
8 Nature of burning, External
maneuvering
Non-uniform,Required
Uniform, Minimum
9 Post cleaning arrangement
Manual Partly automatic (Use
hosepipe)
10 Hazardous gas emission
Yes (Due to TDF) NIL
A conservative estimate:- Assuming 800 corpses are burnt per year, the
DDC project economizes about 10kg of firewood than the Traditional Furnace and saves at least 1 man-hour per corpse:
Traditional Furnace
• x unit firewood• Scrap tire• 3-3½ man-hour
Druta Dahan Chulli
• y unit firewood
• 2-2½ man-hourc) In 1 year DDC saves 80 Quintal of firewood approximately
Why DDC is a `Green Project’ ?
*X-Y=10 kg
b) In 1 year DDC saves 21 days man-hour approximately
a) Goodbye to Tire Derived Fuel (TDF) from Silchar Cremation Ground
Reduces i
ndividual
`CARBON F
OOTPRINT’
by elim
inatin
g harm
ful
TDF
Impact of DDC ProjectDate of installation of original DDC : April 14, 1989 (Supported by some philanthropists of Silchar, Assam, India)
In 2009 the original DDC is being replaced by its 2nd replica on May 3, 2009 (Supported by Silchar Food Grain Merchant Association)
`Honey Bee Network’ and `Sristi’ from IIM, Ahmadabad recognizes the innovation of the DDC as a `Testimony of spreading Green Consciousness’.
Taking 800 corpses are burnt per year, in two decade , the DDC at Silchar saves 1,600 Quintal (160,000Kg) of firewood and more than a year man-hour
UNFCCC Certification of the DDC Project as a CDM Project : A proposal
Pilot Project
• Assuming 1000 corpse cremated per year, a single unit of DDC reduces Green House Gas (GHG) emission & completely eliminates Tire Derived Fuel (TDF) saving 100 Quintal of firewood annually (@saves at least 10kg of firewood per corpse)
An Estimate
• Installation of 1,000 number of DDC across the state will reduce the carbon emission due to Tire Derived Fuel significantly and save 10,000 Quintal of firewood annually
What is necessary?
• As per UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) recommendation it is necessary to evaluate the prospect of DDC Project as a viable `Clean Development mechanism’ (CDM) Project to check that weather it can generate a good amount of `Carbon Credit’
Proposed ProjectLarge scale implementation of
the DDC project across the country
If CDM Project is
recognized
DDC Project: Historical Notes
New
sp
ap
er
clip
pin
gs o
f Fou
nd
ati
on
S
ton
e lyin
g C
ere
mon
y, F
eb
ruary
1,
1989
DDC Project: Historical NotesO
rig
inal In
vit
ati
on
Lett
er
of
Inau
gu
ral P
rog
ram
Ap
ril
15,
1989
DDC Project: Historical NotesRecognition by SRISTI & Honey Bee Network of
IIMA
` `Green Living, Green
Death’
“The range the innovations made by Prof Sen touched not only lives but also the deaths. He invented the Druta Dahan Chulli or Fast Burning Furnace in 1989 which can be called a green furnace for cremation. It is alternative to the traditional cremation among the Hindus. . . .”
“The success of the Druta Dahan Chulli in the crematory ground of Silchar for last two decades is a testimony of Green Consciousness spread by Prof Sen. He was given fitting finale in this furnace after his demise on June 9, 2004.”
Honey Bee Vol 19 (2008) p16
Innovated byKanti Bhusan
Sen
`Green Living, Green Death’
TAKE PLEDGE TO REDUCE `CARBON FOOTPRINT’
TRANSFORM
TRADITIONAL CREMATORY CHULLI OF YOUR LOCALITY INTO
`DRUTA DAHAN CHULLI ’
Acknowledgement
1. All philanthropists who contributed directly and indirectly in making of the `Green Chulli’
2. Late Dwijendra Kumar Deb and Sri Dilip Kumar Chakraborty
3. Silchar Municipality Board 4. Honey Bee Journal, Vol.19 (2008) p16 5. Anandabazar Patrika (June 8, 2008)
* * * * *