Tale Of The Building Permits
21
Tale of the Building Permits Analysis of the US Census Bureau's 2006 New Residential Permits Data Jay Blazek Crossley Gulf Coast Institute Livable Houston / Smart Growth Initiative Wednesday, August 22, 2007
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I gave a presentation in the Summer of 2007 at the monthly Livable Houston / Smart Growth Initiative meeting that we co-host with the Houston-Galveston Area Council on the 2006 Residential Permits data from the U.S. Census Bureau. We looked at data on the City of Houston and Harris County and compared those to the nine other largest cities in Texas and their surrounding county as well as the nine other largest cities in the country and their surrounding counties.The talk turned into an interesting discussion, which was the intention, because we really were exploring this data and trying to figure out what it means. Houston and Harris County are unique in many ways, most importantly in that we saw a building boom in 2006 and the Metropolitan region had more permits filed for new residential units than any other region in the country. Much of the discussion was spent dissecting this fact and looking at what type of units we are building and the share that is going into the central city or into unincorporated areas of the county. Looking at it from one point of view, the City of Houston is doing a bad job of capturing its share of the growth that is occurring in the region. When we looked at multi-family units, though, we found the opposite is true, in that the city is developing multi-family units at a much higher rate than the county.One of the final graphs presented, shown below, shows the unique character of Harris County compared to both other counties in Texas and those that surround the biggest cities in the country. In those areas of Harris outside of the City of Houston only 11% percent of new units are multi-family units, the lowest figure for this variable of any of the counties we looked at in the study, except for Collin County in Texas, in which you will find Plano, one of the cities that is developing drastically differently than its surrounding county. - Jay Blazek CrossleyFor more: http://www.houstontomorrow.org/research/story/Tale-of-the-Building-Permits/
Transcript of Tale Of The Building Permits
Tale of the Building Permits
Analysis of the US Census Bureau's 2006 New Residential Permits Data
Jay Blazek Crossley
Gulf Coast Institute
Livable Houston / Smart Growth Initiative
Wednesday, August 22, 2007
Total New Residential Units by Metropolitan Statistical Area in 2006
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX
Atlanta-Sandy
Springs-Marietta, GA
New York-Northern
New Jersey-Long Island,NY-NJ-PA
Dallas-FortWorth-
Arlington,TX
Chicago-Naperville-
Joliet, IL-IN-WI
Phoenix-Mesa-
Scottsdale,AZ
Riverside-San
Bernardino-Ontario, CA
Miami-FortLauderdale-
MiamiBeach, FL
Las Vegas-Paradise, NV
LosAngeles-
Long Beach-Santa Ana,
CA
City 2005 PopLand Area
(sq mi)
Total Multi
Family Units
County Buildings Units Buildings Units Buildings Units Buildings Units Buildings UnitsLA TB TU TMFU
Arlington 362,805 95 1,151 1,151 9 18 0 0 0 0 1,160 1,169 18Tarrant 1,671,295 863 13,834 13,834 186 372 0 0 144 3,269 14,164 17,475 3,641
Austin 690,252 296 4,343 4,343 226 452 95 308 152 4,517 4,816 9,620 5,277Travis 921,006 989 9,568 9,568 239 478 95 308 187 6,043 10,089 16,397 6,829
Corpus Christi 283,474 156 1,431 1,431 20 40 54 216 38 886 1,543 2,573 1,142Nueces 321,457 836 (missing from US Census site)
Dallas 1,213,825 342 3,168 3,168 19 38 29 101 133 3,424 3,349 6,731 3,563Dallas 2,345,815 880 9,874 9,874 34 68 36 127 197 5,405 10,141 15,474 5,600
El Paso 598,590 249 2,903 2,903 0 0 40 160 20 103 2,963 3,166 263El Paso 736,310 1,013 (missing from US Census site)
Fort Worth 624,067 292 8,948 8,948 142 284 0 0 11 2,276 9,101 11,508 2,560Tarrant 1,671,295 863 13,834 13,834 186 372 0 0 144 3,269 14,164 17,475 3,641
Garland 216,346 57 398 398 0 0 0 0 5 318 403 716 318Dallas 2,345,815 880 9,874 9,874 34 68 36 127 197 5,405 10,141 15,474 5,600
Houston 2,016,582 579 7,503 7,503 103 206 32 121 344 9,661 7,982 17,491 9,988Harris 3,886,207 1,729 33,022 33,022 126 252 56 215 507 12,542 33,711 46,031 13,009
Plano 250,096 71 867 867 4 8 7 28 76 1,996 954 2,899 2,032Collin 698,851 848 11,584 11,584 6 12 13 52 90 2,682 11,693 14,330 2,746
San Antonio 1,256,509 407 7,266 7,266 69 138 66 264 254 4,807 7,655 12,475 5,209Bexar 1,555,592 1,247 9,220 9,220 69 138 68 272 286 5,382 9,643 15,012 5,792
Single TotalTwo FamilyThree or Four
Family Five or More
City St2006
PopulationLand Area
Total Multi
Family Units
County Buildings Units Buildings Units Buildings Units Buildings Units Buildings UnitsTB TU TMFU
New York City NY 8,214,426 469 914 914 1,900 3,800 1,718 5,242 2,512 20,971 7,044 30,927 30,013New York NY 1,611,581 34 2 2 4 8 6 21 101 8,759 113 8,790 8,788(Manhattan)
Los Angeles CA 3,849,378 498 2,421 2,421 191 382 29 109 301 11,536 2,942 14,448 12,027Los Angeles CA 9,948,081 4,752 9,942 9,942 322 644 139 489 484 14,127 10,887 25,202 15,260
Chicago IL 2,833,321 234 1,415 1,415 121 242 521 1,657 404 10,769 2,461 14,083 12,668Cook IL 5,288,655 1,635 5,001 5,001 149 298 545 1,744 480 12,843 6,175 19,886 14,885
Houston TX 2,144,491 602 7,503 7,503 103 206 32 121 344 9,661 7,982 17,491 9,988Harris TX 3,886,207 1,778 33,023 33,023 126 252 43 163 514 13,017 33,706 46,455 13,432
Phoenix AZ 1,512,986 515 9,032 9,032 0 0 166 566 105 1,670 9,303 11,268 2,236Maricopa AZ 3,768,123 9,224 27,812 27,812 59 118 404 1,337 427 6,461 28,702 35,728 7,916
Philadelphia PA 1,448,394 143 448 448 37 74 16 58 46 1,584 547 2,164 1,716Philadelphia PA 1,448,394 143 448 448 37 74 16 58 46 1,584 547 2,164 1,716
San Antonio TX 1,296,682 412 7,266 7,266 69 138 66 264 254 4,807 7,655 12,475 5,209Bexar TX 1,555,592 1,257 9,219 9,219 69 138 68 272 286 5,382 9,642 15,011 5,792
San Diego CA 1,256,591 372 815 815 47 94 20 74 39 1,525 921 2,508 1,693San Diego CA 2,941,454 4,526 4,743 4,743 99 198 85 303 201 3,947 5,128 9,191 4,448
Dallas TX 1,232,940 385 3,178 3,178 16 32 29 101 133 3,424 3,356 6,735 3,557Dallas TX 2,345,815 908 9,941 9,941 31 62 36 129 200 5,424 10,208 15,556 5,615
San Jose CA 926,936 178 602 602 3 6 21 75 107 2,292 733 2,975 2,373Santa Clara CA 1,731,281 1,304 2,121 2,121 5 10 26 90 153 3,899 2,305 6,120 3,999
Total UnitsSingle Units 2 Units 3 and 4 Units 5 or more Units
City
TB / 1000 of
population
TU / 1000 of
population
City Pop / County
PopCity LA /
County LACity TU /
County TUCity TB /
County TBCTCT / CPCP
CTCT / CLCL
CBCB / CPCP
CBCB / CLCL
TMFU / Total Units (TU)
City TMFUTU /
County TMFUTU
TMFU in nonCity County
TU in nonCity County
TMFUTU nonCity County
CountyCPCP CLCL CTCT CBCB TMFUTU
Arlington 3.2 3.2 2%Tarrant 8.5 10.5 22% 11% 7% 8% 0.31 0.61 0.38 0.74 21% 0.07 3,623 16,306 22%
Austin 7.0 13.9 55%Travis 11.0 17.8 75% 30% 59% 48% 0.78 1.96 0.64 1.59 42% 1.32 1,552 6,777 23%
Corpus Christi 5.4 9.1 44%Nueces 0.0 88% 19%
Dallas 2.8 5.5 53%Dallas 4.3 6.6 52% 39% 43% 33% 0.84 1.12 0.64 0.85 36% 1.46 2,037 8,743 23%
El Paso 4.9 5.3 8%El Paso 0.0 81% 25%
Fort Worth 14.6 18.4 22%Tarrant 8.5 10.5 37% 34% 66% 64% 1.76 1.95 1.72 1.90 21% 1.07 1,081 5,967 18%
Garland 1.9 3.3 44%Dallas 4.3 6.6 9% 6% 5% 4% 0.50 0.71 0.43 0.61 36% 1.23 5,282 14,758 36%
Houston 4.0 8.7 57%Harris 8.7 11.8 52% 33% 38% 24% 0.73 1.13 0.46 0.71 28% 2.02 3,021 28,540 11%
Plano 3.8 11.6 70%Collin 16.7 20.5 36% 8% 20% 8% 0.57 2.42 0.23 0.97 19% 3.66 714 11,431 6%
San Antonio 6.1 9.9 42%Bexar 6.2 9.7 81% 33% 83% 79% 1.03 2.55 0.98 2.43 39% 1.08 583 2,537 23%
City St
TB / 1000 of
population
TU / 1000 of
population
City Pop / County
PopCity LA /
County LACity TU /
County TUCity TB /
County TBCTCT / CPCP
CTCT / CLCL
CBCB / CPCP
CBCB / CLCL
TMFU / Total Units (TU)
City TMFUTU /
County TMFUTU
TMFU in nonCity County
TU in nonCity County
TMFUTU nonCity
City
CountyCPCP CLCL CTCT
New York City NY 0.9 3.8 97%New York NY 0.1 5.5 510% 1387% 352% 6234% 0.69 0.25 12.23 4.49 100% 0.97 0.00 0 0(Manhattan)
Los Angeles CA 0.8 3.8 83%Los Angeles CA 1.1 2.5 39% 10% 57% 27% 1.48 5.47 0.70 2.58 61% 1.37 3,233 10,754 30%
Chicago IL 0.9 5.0 90%Cook IL 1.2 3.8 54% 14% 71% 40% 1.32 4.95 0.74 2.78 75% 1.20 2,217 5,803 38%
Houston TX 3.7 8.2 57%Harris TX 8.7 12.0 55% 34% 38% 24% 0.68 1.11 0.43 0.70 29% 1.97 3,444 28,964 12%
Phoenix AZ 6.1 7.4 20%Maricopa AZ 7.6 9.5 40% 6% 32% 32% 0.79 5.65 0.81 5.80 22% 0.90 5,680 24,460 23%
Philadelphia PA 0.4 1.5 79%Philadelphia PA 0.4 1.5 100% 100% 100% 100% 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 79% 1.00 0 0 0%
San Antonio TX 5.9 9.6 42%Bexar TX 6.2 9.6 83% 33% 83% 79% 1.00 2.53 0.95 2.42 39% 1.08 583 2,536 23%
San Diego CA 0.7 2.0 68%San Diego CA 1.7 3.1 43% 8% 27% 18% 0.64 3.32 0.42 2.18 48% 1.39 2,755 6,683 30%
Dallas TX 2.7 5.5 53%Dallas TX 4.4 6.6 53% 42% 43% 33% 0.82 1.02 0.63 0.78 36% 1.46 2,058 8,821 30%
San Jose CA 0.8 3.2 80%Santa Clara CA 1.3 3.5 54% 14% 49% 32% 0.91 3.56 0.59 2.33 65% 1.22 1,626 3,145 30%
New Single- and Multi-Family Units by MSA
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
Houston-Sugar Land-
Baytown,TX
Atlanta-Sandy
Springs-Marietta,
GA
New York-Northern
New Jersey-Long Island,NY-NJ-PA
Dallas-FortWorth-
Arlington,TX
Chicago-Naperville-
Joliet, IL-IN-WI
Phoenix-Mesa-
Scottsdale,AZ
Riverside-San
Bernardino-Ontario, CA
Miami-FortLauderdale-
MiamiBeach, FL
Las Vegas-Paradise,
NV
LosAngeles-
Long Beach-Santa Ana,
CA
Multiple Unit Building Permits
Single Unit Building Permits
Proportion of Total Units that are Multi Family Units by Central City
0.0%
20.0%
40.0%
60.0%
80.0%
100.0%
120.0%
New York City
ChicagoLos Angeles
San JosePhiladelphia
San DiegoHouston
Dallas
San Antonio
Phoenix
New Single- and Multi-Family Units by Texas Cities
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
Arlington Austin CorpusChristi
Dallas El Paso Fort Worth Garland Houston Plano SanAntonio
Five or More
Three or Four Family
Two Family
Single
New Single- and Multi-Family Units by Texas Counties
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
50,000
Tarrant Travis Nueces Dallas El Paso Tarrant Dallas Harris Collin Bexar
Five or More
Three or Four Family
Two Family
Single
Construction Cost per Housing Unit in the City of Houston
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Single Family Units
Multi Family Units
Houston Average
TB / 1000 of
population
TU / 1000 of
population
3.2 3.28.5 10.5
7.0 13.911.0 17.8
5.4 9.10.0
2.8 5.54.3 6.6
4.9 5.30.0
14.6 18.48.5 10.5
1.9 3.34.3 6.6
4.0 8.78.7 11.8
3.8 11.616.7 20.5
6.1 9.96.2 9.7
City
County
ArlingtonTarrant
AustinTravis
Corpus ChristiNueces
DallasDallas
El PasoEl Paso
Fort WorthTarrant
GarlandDallas
HoustonHarris
PlanoCollin
San AntonioBexar
Total Building Permits per 1000 of Population
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
Arlington Austin CorpusChristi
Dallas El Paso FortWorth
Garland Houston Plano SanAntonio
City
County
TB / 1000 of
population
TU / 1000 of
population
3.2 3.28.5 10.5
7.0 13.911.0 17.8
5.4 9.10.0
2.8 5.54.3 6.6
4.9 5.30.0
14.6 18.48.5 10.5
1.9 3.34.3 6.6
4.0 8.78.7 11.8
3.8 11.616.7 20.5
6.1 9.96.2 9.7
City
County
ArlingtonTarrant
AustinTravis
Corpus ChristiNueces
DallasDallas
El PasoEl Paso
Fort WorthTarrant
GarlandDallas
HoustonHarris
PlanoCollin
San AntonioBexar
Total Units per 1000 of Population
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
Arlington Austin CorpusChristi
Dallas El Paso FortWorth
Garland Houston Plano SanAntonio
City
County
City St
TB / 1000 of
population
TU / 1000 of
population
County
New York City NY 0.9 3.8New York NY 0.1 5.5(Manhattan)
Los Angeles CA 0.8 3.8Los Angeles CA 1.1 2.5
Chicago IL 0.9 5.0Cook IL 1.2 3.8
Houston TX 3.7 8.2Harris TX 8.7 12.0
Phoenix AZ 6.1 7.4Maricopa AZ 7.6 9.5
Philadelphia PA 0.4 1.5Philadelphia PA 0.4 1.5
San Antonio TX 5.9 9.6Bexar TX 6.2 9.6
San Diego CA 0.7 2.0San Diego CA 1.7 3.1
Dallas TX 2.7 5.5Dallas TX 4.4 6.6
San Jose CA 0.8 3.2Santa Clara CA 1.3 3.5
Total Building Permits per 1000 of Population
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
New York CityLos Angeles
Chicago Houston PhoenixPhiladelphiaSan Antonio
San Diego
DallasSan Jose
City
County
City St
TB / 1000 of
population
TU / 1000 of
population
County
New York City NY 0.9 3.8New York NY 0.1 5.5(Manhattan)
Los Angeles CA 0.8 3.8Los Angeles CA 1.1 2.5
Chicago IL 0.9 5.0Cook IL 1.2 3.8
Houston TX 3.7 8.2Harris TX 8.7 12.0
Phoenix AZ 6.1 7.4Maricopa AZ 7.6 9.5
Philadelphia PA 0.4 1.5Philadelphia PA 0.4 1.5
San Antonio TX 5.9 9.6Bexar TX 6.2 9.6
San Diego CA 0.7 2.0San Diego CA 1.7 3.1
Dallas TX 2.7 5.5Dallas TX 4.4 6.6
San Jose CA 0.8 3.2Santa Clara CA 1.3 3.5
Total Units per 1000 of Population
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
New York CityLos Angeles
Chicago Houston PhoenixPhiladelphiaSan Antonio
San Diego
DallasSan Jose
City
County
City Pop / County
PopCity LA /
County LACity TU /
County TUCity TB /
County TBCTCT / CPCP
CTCT / CLCL
CBCB / CPCP
CBCB / CLCL
CPCP CLCL CTCT CBCB
22% 11% 7% 8% 0.31 0.61 0.38 0.74
75% 30% 59% 48% 0.78 1.96 0.64 1.59
88% 19%
52% 39% 43% 33% 0.84 1.12 0.64 0.85
81% 25%
37% 34% 66% 64% 1.76 1.95 1.72 1.90
9% 6% 5% 4% 0.50 0.71 0.43 0.61
52% 33% 38% 24% 0.73 1.13 0.46 0.71
36% 8% 20% 8% 0.57 2.42 0.23 0.97
81% 33% 83% 79% 1.03 2.55 0.98 2.43
City
County
ArlingtonTarrant
AustinTravis
Corpus ChristiNueces
DallasDallas
El PasoEl Paso
Fort WorthTarrant
GarlandDallas
HoustonHarris
PlanoCollin
San AntonioBexar
City to County Comparisons in Texas
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
Arlington Austin CorpusChristi
Dallas El Paso FortWorth
Garland Houston Plano SanAntonio
CTCT/CPCP
CTCT/CLCL
CBCB/CPCP
CBCB/CLCL
City Pop / County
PopCity LA /
County LACity TU /
County TUCity TB /
County TBCTCT / CPCP
CTCT / CLCL
CBCB / CPCP
CBCB / CLCL
CPCP CLCL CTCT
510% 1387% 352% 6234% 0.69 0.25 12.23 4.49
39% 10% 57% 27% 1.48 5.47 0.70 2.58
54% 14% 71% 40% 1.32 4.95 0.74 2.78
55% 34% 38% 24% 0.68 1.11 0.43 0.70
40% 6% 32% 32% 0.79 5.65 0.81 5.80
100% 100% 100% 100% 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
83% 33% 83% 79% 1.00 2.53 0.95 2.42
43% 8% 27% 18% 0.64 3.32 0.42 2.18
53% 42% 43% 33% 0.82 1.02 0.63 0.78
54% 14% 49% 32% 0.91 3.56 0.59 2.33
City St
County
New York City NYNew York NY(Manhattan)
Los Angeles CALos Angeles CA
Chicago ILCook IL
Houston TXHarris TX
Phoenix AZMaricopa AZ
Philadelphia PAPhiladelphia PA
San Antonio TXBexar TX
San Diego CASan Diego CA
Dallas TXDallas TX
San Jose CASanta Clara CA
City to County Comparisons in US
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
Los AngelesChicago Houston Phoenix
PhiladelphiaSan AntonioSan Diego
DallasSan Jose
CTCT/CPCP
CTCT/CLCL
CBCB/CPCP
CBCB/CLCL
TMFU / Total Units (TU)
City TMFUTU /
County TMFUTU
TMFU in nonCity County
TU in nonCity County
TMFUTU nonCity County
TMFUTU
2%21% 0.07 3,623 16,306 22%
55%42% 1.32 1,552 6,777 23%
44%
53%36% 1.46 2,037 8,743 23%
8%
22%21% 1.07 1,081 5,967 18%
44%36% 1.23 5,282 14,758 36%
57%28% 2.02 3,021 28,540 11%
70%19% 3.66 714 11,431 6%
42%39% 1.08 583 2,537 23%
City
County
ArlingtonTarrant
AustinTravis
Corpus ChristiNueces
DallasDallas
El PasoEl Paso
Fort WorthTarrant
GarlandDallas
HoustonHarris
PlanoCollin
San AntonioBexar
City TMFUTU / County TMFUTU
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
Arlington Austin CorpusChristi
Dallas El Paso Fort Worth Garland Houston Plano SanAntonio
Rate of Multi Family Units in Area of County Outside Central City
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
Arlington Austin CorpusChristi
Dallas El Paso Fort Worth Garland Houston Plano SanAntonio
TMFU / Total Units (TU)
City TMFUTU /
County TMFUTU
TMFU in nonCity County
TU in nonCity County
TMFUTU nonCity
City
97%100% 3.42 0.00 0 0
83%61% 0.79 3,233 10,754 30%
90%75% 0.85 2,217 5,803 38%
57%29% 0.74 3,444 28,964 12%
20%22% 0.28 5,680 24,460 23%
79%79% 1.00 0 0 0%
42%39% 0.90 583 2,536 23%
68%48% 0.38 2,755 6,683 30%
53%36% 0.63 2,058 8,821 30%
80%65% 0.59 1,626 3,145 30%
City St
County
New York City NYNew York NY(Manhattan)
Los Angeles CALos Angeles CA
Chicago ILCook IL
Houston TXHarris TX
Phoenix AZMaricopa AZ
Philadelphia PAPhiladelphia PA
San Antonio TXBexar TX
San Diego CASan Diego CA
Dallas TXDallas TX
San Jose CASanta Clara CA
City TMFUTU / County TMFUTU
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
New York CityLos Angeles
Chicago Houston PhoenixPhiladelphiaSan Antonio
San Diego
DallasSan Jose
The Rate of Multi Family Units in Area of County Outside the Central City
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
New York CityLos Angeles
Chicago Houston PhoenixPhiladelphiaSan Antonio
San Diego
DallasSan Jose
Series1
