Assalamu alaikum. Alhamdu lillah, we have finally completed the version (Dated: 17th December 2010) of this work that provides you with charts on Rules of Tajweed. We don’t claim to be an expert in this area but we have tried our best to develop this tajweed material by referring to few books. We believe that this material would be useful to those who are teaching Tajweed. Also, this can be used as a reference material. In order to develop this material, we have referred to the following books:1. Moulana Muhammad Ibrahim Sahib Baaqavi, Hidayathus sifyan fi tajweedil Quran, Haadi Publishers, Chennai, India. [In Tamil]2. Dr. Abdul-majid Khan, Tajwid: The art of recitation of the Holy Quran, Urdu Academy Sind, Karachi, Pakistan. [In English]3. ساعدلا ديبع تزع ديوجتلا نف , , Dar Ibn Hajam, Beirut, Lebanon. [In Arabic]

4. Umm Muhammad, A Brief Introduction to Tajweed, Abul-Qasim Publishing House, Jeddah. [In English]

We ask Allah to forgive our shortcomings and accept our efforts. Please provide us with suggestions and/or comments for further improvement. We acknowledge the help of many brothers and sisters in the preparation of this document. May Allah reward them all, aameen. If you face font problems, please don’t hesitate to contact us through our email.Please remember us and our parents in your prayers.

Contact Email: mibuhari@yahoo.com OR mibuhari@gmail.comContact Address:M.I. Seyed Mohamed Buhari,24-E, Mohideen Street,Kayalpatnam – 628 204.Tamil Nadu. INDIA.

TAJWEED RULES

PREFACE

1

ديوجتلا ماكحأRULES OF TAJWEED

فقولا ماكحأRULES OFSTOPPING

طبضلا تاملاعPUNCTUATION

MARKS

ءادتبلااو فقولاSTOPPING AND

INITIATION

فيالحا فورلحاMOLARTONGUE

ةيرجشلا فورلحاPALATAL

CONSONANTS

نايوهللا نافرلحاUVULAR

CONSONANTS

ةيقللحا فورلحاPHARYNGEAL

(THROAT) CONSONANTS

موشيلخاNASAL CAVITY

(NASALIZATION)

ةيوفشلا فورلحاLABIAL (LIP)

CONSONANTS

ةيلسلأا فورلحاINTER-DENTAL

ةيوثللا فورلحاALVEO-DENTAL

ةيعطنلا فورلحاDENTAL

CONSONANTS

ةيقلذلا فورلحاALVEOLAR

CONSONANTS

فورلحا جرامخPLACES OF ARTICULATION

دلما ماكحأRULES OF MADD

ماغدلإا ماكحأASSIMILATION

ءارلا ماكحأRULES OF RAA

ملالا فرح ماكحأRULES OF LAAM

ةنكاسلا ميلما فرح ماكحأRULES OF MEEM

SAKINAH

ماكحأ نونلا ةنكاسلا نيونتلاوNOON SAKINAH AND

TANWEEN

ينتددشلما نونلاو ميلما ماكحأMUSHADDAD NOON

AND MEEM

ةلقلقلاQALQALAH

فورلحا ماكحأRULES OFLETTERS

2

فورلحا ماكحأTHE RULES OF LETTERS

دلما ماكحأRULES OF

MADD

ماغدلإا ماكحأRULES OF

ASSIMILATION

ءارلا ماكحأRULES OF RAA

ملالا فرح ماكحأRULES OF

LAAM

ينتددشلما نونلاو ميلما ماكحأRULES OF

MUSHADDAD NOONAND MEEM

ةنكاسلا ميلما فرح ماكحأRULES OF MEEM

SAKINAH

ةلقلقلاRULES OF

QALQALAH

نيونتلاو ةنكاسلا نونلا ماكحأRULES OF NOON

SAKINAH AND TANWEEN

يلصلاا دلماNATURAL MADD

يعرفلا دلماDERIVED MADD

ينلثامتلماIDENTICAL

LETTERS

ينسناجتلماSAME PLACE OFARTICULATION

ينبراقتلماCLOSE PLACE OFARTICULATION

يوفشلا راهظلإاITH-HAAR SHAFAWI

يوفشلا ماغدلإاIDGHAAM SHAFAWI

يوفشلا ءافخلإاIKHFAA SHAFAWI

راهظلإاITH-HAAR

ماغدلإاIDGHAAM

ءافخلإاIKHFAA

بلاقلإاIQLAAB

ةللالجا ظفل ملاLAAM

JALALAH

فيرعتلا ملاLAAM TA'RIF

ةيرمقلا ملاLAAM

QAMARIYYAH

ةيسمشلا ملاLAAM

SHAMSIYYAH

لعفلا ملاLAAM OF

VERB

فورلحا ماكحأTHE RULES OF LETTERS [Contd ...]

3

WAYS TO START RECITING

SURAHS

PERMITTED WAYS

TO RECITE

READ ذوعتلا ةلمسبلا , AND

ةروسلا SEPARATELY

READ ذوعتلا ةلمسبلا , AND

ةروسلا JOINTLY

READ وعتلاذ ةلمسبلا ,

JOINTLY AND ةروسلا

SEPARATELY

READ ذوعتلا SEPARATELY.

THEN ةلمسبلا AND ةروسلا

JOINTLY

WAYS OF RECITING SURAHS

CONTINUOUSLY

PERMITTED WAYS

TO RECITE

READ CURRENT ةروسلا ,

ةلمسبلا AND NEXT ةروسلا

SEPARATELY

READ CURRENT ةروسلا

SEPARATELY. THEN ةلمسبلا

AND NEXT ةروسلا JOINTLY

READ CURRENT ةروسلا ,

ةلمسبلا AND NEXT ةروسلا

JOINTLY

WAY NOT

PERMITTED TO

RECITE

READ CURRENT ةروسلا ,

ةلمسبلا JOINTLY AND

NEXT ةروسلا

SEPARATELY

4

غفور رحيم , من لدنك

ـ ـ ـ , نNOON SAKINAH OR TANWEEN

ماغدلإاIDGHAAM

بلاقلإاIQLAAB

ءافخلإاIKHFAA

راهظلإاITH-HAAR

(READ CLEARLY)

ء ه ح خ ع غ

ةنغ عم(With Stress)

ي و م ن

(Assimilation of one letter into another)

ي ر م ل و ن

(CONVERT ن OR TANWEEN TO م)

ب

(USE NOSE)

ت ث ج د ذ ز س ش ص ض ط ظ فق ك

ةنغ نودب(Without Stress)

ر ل

نيونتلاو ةنكاسلا نونلا ماكحأRULES FOR READING CHARACTERS THAT APPEAR AFTER NOON SAKINAH OR TANWEEN

مات ماغدإOR صقان ماغدإلماك ماغدإ

نوأني , نيمأ لوسر , نولهجت موق , اولعفت نل)يمرم ةروس( صعيهك اريصب اريبخ , دعب نم

بعلو اوزه , لاو نم ميحر روفغ , كندل نم

Exceptions in Idghaam:1. Idghaam does not apply in one word [ سي and ن ]

ميكلحا نأرقلاو سينورطسي امو ملقلاو ن

2. Idghaam does not apply if there is sakta between the wordsقار نم ليقو

3. If و OR ي appears in same word after ن , Read clearly ( راهظإ ) ناونص ناينب ناونق ايند

5

مMEEM SAKINAH

يوفش ماغدإIDGHAAM SHAFAWI

يوفش ءافخإIKHFAA SHAFAWI

يوفش راهظإITH-HAAR SHAFAWI

(READ CLEARLY)

OTHER LETTERS EXCEPT م & ب

ةنغ عم(With Stress)

م

(USE NOSE, WITH STRESS)

ب

ةنكاسلا ميلما فرح ماكحأRULES FOR READING CHARACTERS THAT APPEAR AFTER MEEM SAKINAH

رت ملأ مهب مهبر هللا ملك نم مهنم

ينتددشلما نونلاو ميلما ماكحأRULES OF MUSHADDAD NOON

AND MEEM

READ ن AND م WITH STRESS, EVEN WHILE STOPPING

For Noon Shaddah: ناج , سانلاو ةنلجا نم

For Meem Shaddah: مث , ملا6

RULES FOR READING QALQALAH CHARACTERS THAT APPEAR WITH

SUKUN: READ WITH ECHO SOUND

ةلقلقلاQALQALAH

دج بطق

ىرغص[WEAK ECHO]

IF ANYONE OF THE QALQALAH CHARACTERS WITH SUKUN APPEARS

IN THE MIDDLE OF A WORD

ىبرك[STRONG ECHO]

IF ANYONE OF THE QALQALAH CHARACTERS WITH SUKUN

APPEARS AT THE END OF A WORD AND WHEN WE STOP AT IT

رادقم قاثيم

7

ماكحأ ماغدلإاRULES OF IDGHAAM

ماغدإIDGHAAM

IF SUKUN IS FOLLOWED BY - OR - OR -

ينلثامتمMUTAMAATHILAIN

ينبراقتمMUTAQARIBAIN

ينسناجتمMUTAJANISAIN

IF THE SUKUN LETTER AND THE NEXT LETTER ARE SAME

IF THE SUKUN LETTER AND THE NEXT LETTER ARE DIFFERENT BUT WITH SAME ORIGINت with ط or د ; د with ت ;ل with ر ; ط with ت ; ذ with ظ

IF THE SUKUN LETTER ANDTHE NEXT LETTER AREDIFFERENT BUT WITHCLOSE-BY ORIGINث with ذ ; ب with م ; ق with ك

ابضاغم بهذ ذإ كلاذ ثهليامكتوعد تبيجا , ةفئاط تنما , متيأر له , هعفر لب , بات دقل , بر لق ,وملظ ذإ

is read asامكتوعدبيجا , ةفئاطنما , متيأ ره , هعفرب , باتقل , برق , وملظإ

Exceptions in Idhgaam:There will be no merger1. If both identical letters are with harakah

مهعمسب بهذ

2. If both letters are letters of Madd [ و and ي ]سوسوي ىذلا , ىراصنلاو اوداه

3. If there is a sakta between two identical lettersكله هيلام

If the letters of Madd are Leen letters [ي or وpreceeded by fathah], then there will be a complete

merger without nasalization

اوناكو اوصع امب is pronounced as مبع اصوناكوا

8

ءارلا ماكحأRULES FOR READING 'RAA' DUE TO CHARACTERS OR HARAKAH THAT APPEAR

ON OR BEFORE OR AFTER IT

ءارلا ماكحأRULES OF 'RAA'

ميخفتSTRONG

قيقرتSOFT

BOTH TYPESTRONG & SOFT

1. RAA WITH FATHAH OR DHAMMAH OR FATHATAIN OR DHAMMATAIN [ ر ر ر ر ]2. SAME AS 1ST POINT BUT WITH SHADDAH [ ر ر ر ر ]3. RAA WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE IS EITHER WITH DHAMMAH OR FATHAH [ ر ـ ر ـ , ]4. RAA WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE IS WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE THAT IS WITH FATHAH OR DHAMMAH [ ر ـ ـ ر ـ ـ , ]5. RAA WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE IS WITH TRUE KASRAH AND THE LETTER AFTER RAA IS ANYONE OF THESE CHARACTERS (خ ص ض غ ط ظ ءلاعتسلإا فورح CALLED AS (ق6. RAA WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE IS WITH TEMPORARY KASRAH [ را ]

1. RAA WITH KASRAH OR KASRATAIN [ ر , ر ]

2. SAME AS 1ST POINT BUT WITH SHADDAH [ ر ر , ]

3. RAA WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE IS WITH KASRAH [ ر ـ ]

4. RAA WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE IS WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE THAT IS WITH KASRAH [ ر ـ ـ ]

5. RAA WITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE IS يWITH SUKUN AND THE LETTER BEFORE THAT IS WITH FATHAH [ ي ـ ر ]6. THE WORD اهرمج (11:41)

قرف .1 -- PREFER SOFT

رطقلا .2 -- PREFER SOFT

رصم .3 -- PREFER STRONG

قرب , رس , انبر

ىضترا , ةقرف , ردقلا , رسعلا

امهمحرا بر is read as امهمحرا بر with Strong Raa

يرد , لاجر

ريخ , رجح , رذنا

Certain characters called as ءلاعتسلإا فورح خ) ص ض غ ط ظ are to (قbe read loudly ( ميحفت ). These characters are shortly

remembered through a phrase like خص ضغط قظ

نورظنم انإ , لوقأ قحلاو , نوبيطلاو , قساغ , مهضعب انلضف , تآفاصلاو , اهولخدا

9

ملالا فرح ماكحأRULES FOR READING LAAM [1]

ةللالجا ظفل ملاLAAM IN THE WORD هللا

ميخفتSTRONG

هللا ـ OR هللا ـ

IF FATHAH OR DHAMMAH APPEARS BEFORE هللا

قيقرتSOFT

هللا ـ

IF KASRAH APPEARS BEFORE هللا

LAAM IN WORDS OTHER THAN هللا

قيقرتSOFT

ةيسمشلا ملاLAAM SHAMSIYYAH

LAAM IS NOT PRONOUNCED

ب ج ح خ ع غ ف ق ك م و ه ي تء ث د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ل ن

ةيرمقلا ملاLAAM QAMARIYYAH

LAAM IS PRONOUNCED

هللا دارأ, هللا هعفر الله دمحلا , هللا مسب

هلك , مهلوام

روطلاو ريصبلا

فيرعتلا ملاLAAM TA'RIF

READING LAAM WITH OTHER CHARACTERS

10

ملالا فرح ماكحأRULES FOR READING LAAM [2]

لعفلا ملاLAAM OF VERB

Pronounced as راهظإ , if laam with sukun is at the

beginning or middle of the verb

Pronounced as ماغدإ , if laam with sukun is

followed by raa or laam

اتقتلا نيتئف

انلعج , انلق : [ Past Tense ] يضام لعف

ةمعن لدبي , هطقتلي : [ Present Tense ] عراضم لعف

اوسمتلف , معن لق : [ Order ] رما لعف

هعفر لب is pronounced as برعفهبر لق is pronounced as رقبمهل لق is pronounced as هلقم

Exception: No Idghaam if there is sakata

نار لب لاك

If one huruf khalq ( قلخ فورح(– )غ ع خ ح ه ء ) with sukun is followed by a different huruf

khalq, then read them as راهظلإا

هحبسف , مهنع حفصاف

If one huruf khalq ( قلخ فورح(– )غ ع خ ح ه ء ) with sukun is followed by the same huruf

khalq, then read them as ماعذلإا

ههجوي

11

فللأا ماكحأRULES FOR READING ALIF

READING ALIF

ميخفتSTRONG

قيقرتSOFT

IF ANYONE OF THE ءلاعتسلإا فورحCHARACTERS (خ ص ض غ ط ظ (ق

APPEAR BEFORE ALIF, READ ALIF STRONGLY

IF CHARACTERS OTHER THAN ءلاعتسلإا فورح

CHARACTERS APPEAR BEFORE ALIF, READ ALIF

SOFTLY

ىصع ىسع

12

دلما ماكحأRULES FOR READING MADD CHARACTERS [1]

ا ـ , ي ـ و ـ ,

RULES OF MADD

يلصا دمNATURAL MADD

يعرف دمDERIVED MADD

1. MADD SHOULD NOT BE FOLLOWED BY SUKUN [ ـ ] OR HAMZAH [ء]2. READ AS ONE ALIF3. OTHER NAMES: 'JAATI' OR 'TABAYI'

MADD SHOULD BE FOLLOWED BY SUKUN

ـ ] ] OR HAMZAH [ء]

لصتم دمMADD MUTTASIL

لصفنم دمMADD MUNFASIL

مزلا دمMADD LAAZIM

ضراع دمMADD AARIDH

1.MADD IS FOLLOWED BY HAMZAH IN SAME WORD2. READ AS 4 TO 5 ALIF3. OTHER NAME: 'MADD WAJIB'

1. MADD IS FOLLOWED BY HAMZAH IN DIFFERENT WORD2. READ AS 2 TO 4 ALIF3. OTHER NAME: 'MADD JAIZ'

1. MADD IS FOLLOWED BY SUKUN ASLI [REAL SUKUN]2. READ AS 3 TO 5 ALIF

1. MADD IS FOLLOWED BY TEMPORARY SUKUN2. READ AS ANYONE OF THREE TYPES [Refer next page]

انيتوا

ءاش اهنا اولاقContd ...

لدب دمMADD BADAL

ضوع دمMADD IWADH

MADD LETTER IS PRECEEDED BY

HAMZAH

ALIF REPLACES FATHATAIN WHEN ONE STOPS ON IT

يتوا , نايمإ , نمآ اجاوفأ IS READ AS وفأجاا

13

دلما ماكحأRULES FOR READING MADD CHARACTERS [2]

مزلا دمMADD LAAZIM

ضراع دمMADD AARIDH

READING IN ANYONE TYPE IS OUR CHOICE [BE CONSISTENT]

لقثم ىملكKALIMA MUTHAQQAL

ففمخ ىملكKALIMA MUKHAFFAF

لقثم فىرحHARFI MUTHAQQAL

ففمخ فىرحHARFI MUKHAFFAF

SHADDAH APPEARS AFTER دم IN ONE WORD - دم

SUKUN APPEARS AFTER دم IN ONE WORD - دم

SHADDAH APPEARS ON دمIN ONE CHARACTER

SUKUN APPEARS ON دمIN ONE CHARACTER

رصقQASR

READ AS ONE ALIF

طسوتTAWASSUT

READ AS 2 OR 3 ALIF

لوطTOOL

READ AS 5 ALIF

Exception: The word لما in نارمع لا ةروسcan be read with or without دم

ةباد

نئلاONLY PLACE

مسط ص

CHANGE ملفحون TO نوحلفم

14

دلما ماكحأ RULES FOR READING MADD CHARACTERS

S. No.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Name of Madd

لصتم بجاو دم

لصفنم زءاج دم

نوكسلل ضراع دم

لدب دم

ضوع دم

ىملك ففمخ مزلا دم

ىملك لقثم مزلا دم

فىرح عبشم مزلا دم

فىرح ففمح مزلا دم

ينل دم

ةليوط ةلص دم

ةيرصق ةلص دم

قرف دمينكتم دم

ىعيبط دم

Explanation

دم فورح and ء appear adjacently in one word

دم فورح and ء appear adjacently but in two words

While stopping, convert fatha or kasra or dammah or

kasratain or dammathain (following the madd

character) at the end to sukun

ا is followed by ء or و or ي

While stopping, convert fathathain (following the madd character) at the end to Alif

دم فورح is followed by sukun [ ـ ]

دم فورح is followed by saddha in one word

مكلسع صقن

رهط يح

و ـ , ي ـ

Haa Dameer (ه) is followed by ء

Haa Dameer (ه) is followed by any character other than ء

Hamzah Isthifham (أ) is followed by Shaddah

Madd character should not be followed by sukun or Hamzah

ي is followed by ي

Examples

نوحلفم is changed to نوحلفم

Elongation in Counts ( ةكرح )

2 to 5

2 to 6

2

2

6

6

6

2

2 to 6

6

6

2

2

ءآسم , ءىس , ءآج , ءاش

اهنا اولاق

نمآ , مدآ

اميلع is changed to اميلع

نلآآ is actually نلآاا

ةمآـطلا , نيلاضلا لاو

صمـلا , مسط , لما

سي , هط

فوخ is changed to فوخ

برضي نا هب

هـللا لق , نيركذلا لق

هب هنا

نييما , متييح

ليق , لوقي , لاق

First 14 Madd types are called as يعرف دم

5

2

ا ـ , ي ـ و ـ ,MADD CHARACTERS دم فورح

15

ينل فورح ماكحأRULES OF HURUF LEEN

ينل فورحHURUF LEEN

و ـ ي ـ ,

مزلا ينل دمMADD LEEN

LAAZIM

1. HURUF LEEN IS FOLLOWED BY TRUE SUKUN2. READ AS رصق OR طسوت OR لوط . BUT لوط IS BETTER

ضراع ينل دمMADD LEEN

AARIDH

1. HURUF LEEN IS FOLLOWED BY TEMPORARY SUKUN2. READ AS رصق OR طسوت OR لوط

نيطق نونNOON QUTNI

IF SUKUN APPEARS AFTER TANWEEN, THEN:

1. CHANGE TANWEEN TO KASRAH2. ADD A NOON WITH KASRAH

BETWEEN THEM

Exception:1. IF WE STOP AT TANWEEN, THERE IS NO NOON QUTNI

2. IN صلاخلإا ةروس , STOPPING IS BETTER

ONLY TWO PLACESصعيهك (19:1) , قسع (42:2)

توم تيب ,

يذلا ن ةزمل

Note:1. The words like عيلمه and عيلمك are considered as

Madd Huruf Leen but the elongation is not long. Elongation is رصق .

16

ةلصلا ماكحأRULES OF SILAH

SILAH MEANS READING هELONGATEDLY LIKE دم

ءايلاب ةلصSILAH BIL YAH

IF KASRAH COMES BEFORE ه , READ

LIKE ي OF دم

واولاب ةلصSILAH BIL WAV

IF FATHAH OR DHAMMAH COMES

BEFORE ه , READ LIKE وOF دم

Exception: DHAMMAH APPEARS ON هINSTEAD OF KASRAH

هيناسنأ امو IN SURAH فهك (18:63)

هللا هيلع IN SURAH حتف (48:10)

Exception: SUKUN APPEARS ON ه INSTEAD OF KASRAH

هجرأ IN SURAH فارعأ (7:111)

هقلأف IN SURAH لنم (27:28)

Exception: NO ةلص BECAUSE THEY ARE NOT ه BUT PART OF THE

WORD ITSELF

هقفن IN SURAH دوه (11:91)

هكاوف IN SURAH نونمؤم (23:19)

هتنت لم IN SURAH يمرم (19:46)

هبهعم

Exception: IF ي WITH SUKUN APPEARS BEFORE ه , READ ه WITH

KASRAH BUT WITHOUT ELONGATION

هيف

BUT READ فيه مهناا WITH ELONGATION

Exception: IFANYTHING EXCEPT يWITH SUKUN APPEARS BEFORE ه ,

READ ه WITH DHAMMAH

هنم

GENERAL RULE: IF A LETTER WITH SUKUN APPEARS BEFORE ه, THEN WE WON'T READ ELONGATEDLY

Exception: DHAMMAH OF IS NOT ELONGATED ه

مكل هضري اوركشت نإوIN SURAH رمزلا (39:7)

Exception: IF لم APPEARS BEFORE لعف , THEN ي AT THE

END WILL BE REMOVED.SO, THERE IS NO

ELONGATION

يهتني لم IS READ AS هتني لم

17

ةزملها ماكحأRULES OF HAMZAH

RULES OF HAMZAH

لصو ةزهمHAMZAH WASL

Noted as ٱ in certain Holy Quran prints

عطق ةزهمHAMZAH QATH

1. IF A WORD STARTS WITH SUKUN, WE ADD A HAMZAH TO IT

2. THIS HAMZAH IS TEMPORARY HAMZAH 3. IF THIS HAMZAH APPEARS BETWEEN

TWO WORDS, THEN IT WILL NOT BE READ

1. THIS HAMZAH IS PART OF THE WORD

2. IF THIS HAMZAH APPEARS BETWEEN TWO WORDS, IT WILL BE

READ

بلطافمهترذناء

IF لعف BEGINS WITH لصو ةزهم AND THIRD LETTER OF THE WORD IS DHAMMAH, THEN DHAMMAH IS

GIVEN TO HAMZAH

IF لعف BEGINS WITH لصو ةزهمAND THIRD LETTER OF

THE WORD IS FATHAH OR KASRAH, THEN KASRAH IS

GIVEN TO HAMZAH

IF THE WORD BEGINS WITH DEFINITE ARTICLE لا , THEN

FATHAH IS GIVEN TO HAMZAH

رظنا is read as نارظولتقا )9:فسوي ةروس( is read as تقاول

حتفا is read as اتفح

وملعا is read as اعملو

لالما is read as لالما

يذلا is read as ذلاي

IF مسا BEGINS WITH لصو ةزهم ,

THEN KASRAH IS GIVEN TO HAMZAH

راطفنا راشتنا نبا نيتنتا

ةنبا ةارما نينثا مسا

Exception: IF لعف BEGINS WITH لصو ةزهم AND THIRD LETTER OF THE WORD IS DHAMMAH AND IF THE THIRD LETTER OF THE SINGULAR FORM OF THE لعف IS KASRAH, THEN KASRAH IS GIVEN TO HAMZAH

اوتئٱ is read as وتياAS SINGULAR FORM OF تئٱاو IS تئٱ

Note: IF لعف BEGINS WITH لصو ةزهمAND SECOND LETTER OF

THE لعف IS HAMZAH, THENTHE لعف IS READ AS MADD

نمتؤٱ is read as نمتوا <

ىنوتئٱ is read as ىنوتيا <

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AMONG TWO WORDS, IF THE FIRST WORD ENDS WITH SUKUN AND THE

SECOND WORD STARTS WITH SUKUN

IF THE LETTER WITH SUKUN IN THE FIRST

WORD IS A MADD LETTER, THIS MADD LETTER IS REMOVED

دمحلا اولاقو

IF THE LETTER WITH SUKUN IN THE FIRST

WORD IS NOT A MADD LETTER, THEN READ مOR و WITH DHAMMAH

ةللضلا ورتشا

IF THE LETTER WITH SUKUN IN THE FIRST WORD IS ن FROM من[ZAR], READ THE ن

WITH FATHAH

هللا نم

IF THE LETTER WITH SUKUN IN THE FIRST WORD

IS NOT MADD AND NOT نFROM من [ZAR], THEN READ THE SUKUN LETTER WITH

KASRAH

ليللا مق

EXCEPTION:هللا لما IN نارمع لا ةروس SHOULD BE READ WITH FATHAH

OTHER NOTES: IF A WORD ENDS WITH TANWEEN AND THE NEXT WORD STARTS WITH A SUKUN, THEN A NOON WITH KASRAH

IS INTRODUCED BETWEEN THEM. Examples:آمعطتسٱ ةيرق (18:77) is read as رقية سنتعطمآ

ىنسحلٱ ءآزج (18:88) is read as ىنسحلن ءآزج

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فقولا ماكحأRULES OF STOPPING

RULES FOR ENDING A SENTENCE

CHANGE FATHAH OR DHAMMAH OR KASRAH OR DHAMMATAIN OR

KASRATAIN TO SUKUN

CHANGE FATHATAIN TO ALIF CHANGE ة TO ه

STOP ينعتسن AS ينعتسن

STOP ميحر بر نم AS من رب رحيم

STOP ادحا AS دحاا STOP ةولصلا AS صلاهول

When Stopped: وه becomes وه ; ىه becomes ىه ; لسر , لسر , لسر becomes لسر ; بتك , بتك becomes بتك ; دعقم , دعقم , دعقم becomes دعقم ; رمق , رمقbecomes رمق ; ملظ becomes ملظ ; بيغلا , بيغلا , بيغلا becomes بيغلا ; مويلا , مويلا , مويلا becomes مويلا ; نولمعي becomes نولمعي ; بيغ , بيغ becomes بيغ ; , ريبخ

ريبخ becomes ريبخ ; ريخ , ريخ becomes ريخ ; اعيمس becomes اعيمس ; اريبك becomes اريبك ; ىده becomes ىده ; ىمسم becomes ىمسم ; ةعاس , ةعاس , ةعاس , ةعاسbecomes هعاس ; ةعبس , ةعبس , ةعبس , ةعبس becomes هعبس ; ةمحر , ةمحر , ةمحر becomes همحر ; اللها becomes اللها ; هلوسر becomes هلوسر ; هتبحاص becomes هتبحاص ;

ىرماس becomes [sukun with shaddah] ىرماس ; ءآسن becomes ءآسن

Rules of Continuous Reading: اللها لق becomes اللها لق ; ىذلا ادمحم becomes ىذلا ندمحم ; اللها مهيلع becomes اللها مهيلع ; نيذلا مكل becomes نيذلا مكل اروفن ; ارابكتسا (35:43) becomes ارابكتس نروفن ; هللا اموق (Surah Number 7: Ayath Number 164) becomes هللا نموق ; ىذلا اعيمج (7:158) becomes ىذلن عيمج ;

انبر لاق in ل (7:23) is elongated; موقلا لاثم (7:177) becomes موقلا نلثم ; وكرادا اذإ (7:38) becomes وكرادذإ ; وضفنا اوهلوا (62:11) becomes وضفنن وهلوا ;نونلا اذو (21:87) becomes نونذو

Note: Generally انا is read as نا except in joint words like وناساى (25:49) or وناباو (39:17) or ناكا (2:36). Also, if recital is stopped at انا , THEN ALIF SHOULD BE ELONGATED.

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NOTATIONS IN HOLY QURAN

MUST STOP

O or ه or م or ةكس or ط or س

or هفقو

MUST NOT STOP

لا

PREFERRED TO STOP

فق

PREFERRED NON-STOP

or ق or ز-ج or زىلص or لص

STOP AND NON-STOP ARE SAME

لا] or ص or جabove O or ه]

1. STOP AT ONE :. AND NOT AT ANOTHER :. (Called as

ةقناعم )2. DIFFERENT OPINION PERSISTS FOR لاف

ملاسلا هيلع ليبرج .1 STOPPED AT جنم فقول2. PREFER STOPPING AT نارفغ فقو3. PREFER NON-STOP AT نارفك فقو

OBSERVE AS

PREVIOUS SYMBOL IN

THE AAYAH

ك

GENERAL RULE:

1. WE MUST STOP AT م . IF NOT, THE MEANING WILL CHANGE.

2. FOR NOTATIONS OTHER THAN م: IF YOU ARE NOT ABLE TO READ CONTINUOUSLY, YOU CAN STOP AT ANY PLACE. BUT WHILE

CONTINUING, WE SHOULD REPEAT ONE OR TWO WORDS PRECEEDING THE PLACE AT WHICH WE STOPPED.

3. RECITE SENTENCES WITH ةكس OR س OR هفقو IN SINGLE BREATH. هفقو SHOULD BE READ WITH A LONGER PAUSE THAN ةكس OR س .

Note: 1. Don’t stop after the phrase وتلارقبةلاصلا او . If you pause, then while continuing read the phrase again.

2. While reading the sentence رعلا بملاين الله دمحلا , we could pause after the phrase حلامد الله . But, after the pause, the sentence needs to be read from the start as رعلا بملاين can’t be read separately.

3. In Hafs recitation: At the end of a sentence, if Haa Dameer (ه) is preceded by sukun, then Haa Dameer is not elongated. Otherwise, Haa Dameer is elongated. Exception: يفه مهناا (25:69)

4. If س is written above ص , then read the character as ص If .س is written above س , then read the character as ص. 5. In Hafs recition: In Surah دوه اهارجم , is pronounced as Mazraeha.

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ةتكس ماكحأRULES OF SAKTA

SAKTA: STOP THE SOUND BUT DON'T BREAK THE BREATH

ACCORDING TO SOME SCHOLARS

كله هيلام IN SURAH ةقالحا (69:29)

GENERAL RULE: THERE IS NO SAKTA

AT THE POINT OF STOPPING

بجاوWAJIB

زئاجJAIZ

اجوع IN SURAH فهك (18:1)

اندقرم نم IN SURAH سي (36:52)

نم ليق IN SURAH ةمايق (75:27)

لب لاك IN SURAH ينففطم (83:14)

انسفنا آنملظ IN SURAH فارعأ (7:23)

اوركفتي ملوأ IN SURAH فارعأ (7:184)

اذه نع ضرعأ IN SURAH فسوي (12:29)

ءآعرلا ردصي IN SURAH صصق (28:23)

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فورلحا جرامخTHE PLACES OF ARTICULATION

فيالحا فورلحاMOLAR

CONSONANT

ض

ةيرجشلا فورلحاPALATAL

CONSONANTS

ج ش ي

نايوهللا نافرلحاUVULAR

CONSONANTS

ك ق

ةيوفشلا فورلحاLABIAL (LIP)

CONSONANTS

ب ف م و

ةيلسلأا فورلحاINTER-DENTAL CONSONANTS

ز س ص

ةيوثللا فورلحاALVEO-DENTAL

CONSONANTS

ث ذ ظ

ةيعطنلا فورلحاDENTAL

CONSONANTS

ت د ط

ةيقلذلا فورلحاALVEOLAR

CONSONANTS

ل ر ن

ةيقللحا فورلحاPHARYNGEAL

(THROAT) CONSONANTS

قللحا نىدأLOWER THROAT

خ غ

قللحا طسوMIDDLE THROAT

ح ع

قللحا ىصقأUPPER

THROAT

ء ه

موشيلخاNASAL CAVITY

(NASALIZATION)

م ن

مفلا فوجORAL CAVITY

(VOWELS)

ا و ي

فورلحا جرامخTHE PLACES OF ARTICULATION

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