TABLE OF DECISIONS Representing Clients in Immigration ... · 741 TABLE OF DECISIONS Representing...

741

TABLE OF DECISIONS Representing Clients in Immigration Court, 5th Ed.

A

A–A–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 140 (BIA 1998) ........................................................................... 444

A–B–, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 316 (AG 2018) ............................................ 308, 313, 322, 323, 327, 329, 339, 342, 343, 345, 346, 392

Abbas v. Lynch, 647 F. Appx. 671 (9th Cir. 2016) ........................................................................ 70

Abdallahi v. Holder, 690 F.3d 467 (6th Cir. 2012) ...................................................................... 364

Abdelghany, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 254 (BIA 2014) ............................................ 7, 252, 253, 257

Abdelqadar v. Gonzales, 413 F.3d 668 (7th Cir. 2005) ....................................................... 130, 160

Abdille v. Ashcroft, 242 F.3d 477 (3d Cir. 2001) ......................................................................... 376

Abel v. United States, 362 U.S. 217 (1960) ................................................................................... 78

Abiodun v. Gonzales, 461 F.3d 1210 (10th Cir. 2006) ................................................................... 65

Abosi, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 204 (BIA 2007) .......................................................................... 219

Accardi, United States ex rel. v. Shaughnessy, 347 U.S. 260 (1954) ............................................... 3

A–C–M–, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 303 (BIA 2018) ............................................................. 102, 374

Acosta, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 211 (BIA 1985) ......................................................... 316, 325, 335

Acosta Hidalgo, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 103 (BIA 2007) ............................................................. 88

Acquaah v. Sessions, 874 F.3d 1010 (7th Cir. 2017) ................................................................... 233

Adams v. Baker, 909 F.2d 643 (1st Cir. 1990) ............................................................................. 159

A–D–, Matter of, AXXX XXX 526 (BIA May 22, 2017) ............................................................... 355

Adeniji, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 1102 (BIA 1999) .............................................................. 412, 416

Adetiba, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 506 (BIA 1992) ....................................................... 130, 154, 160

A–E–M–, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 1157 (BIA 1998) ................................................................... 326

A–G–G–, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 486 (BIA 2011) ............................................................. 376, 377

Agonafer v. Sessions, 859 F.3d 1198 (9th Cir. 2017) ................................................................... 438

Aguilar-Aquino, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 747 (BIA 2009) ........................................................... 412

Aguilar-Ramos v. Holder, 594 F.3d 701 (9th Cir. 2010) ............................................................. 386

Aguirre-Aguirre; INS v., 526 U.S. 415 (1999) ............................................................................. 370

A–H–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 774 (AG 2005) ................................................... 346, 363, 364, 371

Ahmetovic v. INS, 62 F.3d 48 (2d Cir. 1995) ............................................................................... 367

Ahortalejo-Guzman, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 465 (BIA 2011) .................................................... 153

Aioub v. Mukasey, 540 F.3d 609 (7th Cir. 2008) ......................................................................... 346

A–K–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 275 (BIA 2007) .................................................................. 318, 326

Akindemowo v. INS, 61 F.3d 282 (4th Cir. 1995) ........................................................................ 160

742 REPRESENTING CLIENTS IN IMMIGRATION COURT, 5TH ED.

Alaka v. United States Att'y Gen., 456 F.3d 88 (3d Cir. 2006) ..................................................... 368

Alarcon, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 557 (BIA 1992) ....................................................................... 156

Alarcon-Chavez v. Gonzales, 403 F.3d 343 (5th Cir. 2005) ........................................................ 440

Alarcon-Serrano v. INS, 220 F.3d 1116 (9th Cir. 2000) .............................................................. 158

Albathani v. INS, 318 F.3d 365 (1st Cir. 2003) .................................................................... 393, 425

Albillo-DeLeon v. Gonzales, 410 F.3d 1090 (9th Cir. 2005) ....................................................... 304

Albrektsen; United States v., 151 F.3d 951 (9th Cir. 1998) ........................................................... 78

Aldabesheh, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 983 (BIA 1999) ........................................................... 66, 368

Aleman Gonzalez v. Sessions, No. 18-CV-01869-JSC (N.D. Cal. June 5, 2018) ......................... 315

Alfaro, A088 966 288 (BIA Feb. 20, 2014) ................................................................................. 191

Ali v. Achim, 468 F.3d 462 (7th Cir. 2006) .................................................................................. 368

Ali v. Gonzales, 448 F.3d 515 (2d Cir. 2006) ...................................................................... 304, 450

Ali v. Mukasey, 521 F.3d 737 (7th Cir. 2008) .............................................................................. 151

Aliyev v. Mukasey, 549 F.3d 111 (2d Cir. 2008) .......................................................................... 343

Almanza-Arenas, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 771 (BIA 2009) ................................................... 63, 251

Almanza-Arenas v. Lynch, 815 F.3d 469 (9th Cir. 2016) (en banc) ..................................... 150, 155

Almarez v. Holder, 608 F.3d 638 (9th Cir. 2010) ........................................................................ 438

Almeida-Amaral v. Gonzales, 461 F.3d 231 (2d Cir. 2006) ......................................... 16, 72, 73, 75

Almeida-Sanchez v. United States, 413 U.S. 266 (1973) ............................................................... 77

Almuhtaseb v. Gonzales, 453 F.3d 743 (6th Cir. 2006) ............................................................... 459

Al Mutarreb v. Holder, 561 F.3d 1023 (9th Cir. 2009) ................................................................ 441

Al-Siddiqi v. Achim, 531 F.3d 490 (7th Cir. 2008) ....................................................................... 400

Altamirano v. Gonzales, 427 F.3d 586 (9th Cir. 2005) ................................................................ 116

Alturo v. United States Att'y Gen., 716 F.3d 1310 (11th Cir. 2013) ............................................. 102

Alvarado Cortez v. Holder, 600 F. Appx. 532 (9th Cir. 2015) (unpublished) ............................. 443

Alvarez-Flares v. INS, 909 F.2d 1 (1st Cir. 1990) ....................................................................... 335

Alyazji, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 397 (BIA 2011) ........................................................ 130, 160, 240

A–M–, Matter of, 7 I&N Dec. 322 (1965) ...................................................................................... 58

A–M–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 737 (BIA 2005) .......................................................................... 277

A–M–, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 66 (BIA 2009) .................................................................... 278, 405

Amaya, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 583 (BIA 1996) .......................................................................... 22

Amaya-Saenz, Matter of, A90-897-254 (BIA Aug. 12, 2005) (unpublished) ................................ 62

Ambrosio-Domingo, A208 898 064 (BIA May 12, 2017) ............................................................. 20

American Baptist Churches v. Thornburgh, 760 F. Supp. 796 (N.D. Cal. 1991) .................. 89, 187

Aminadad Natanael Mendez-Perez, A099 623 872 (BIA Oct. 30, 2013) .................................... 443

Amir v. Gonzales, 467 F.3d 921 (6th Cir. 2006) .......................................................................... 386

Anaya-Ortiz v. Holder, 594 F.3d 673 (9th Cir. 2010) .................................................................. 369

Andazola, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 319 (BIA 2002) .................................................... 270, 271, 272

Anderson, Matter of, 16 I&N Dec. 596 (BIA 1978) .................................................... 209, 210, 287

TABLE OF DECISIONS 743

Anderson, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 888 (BIA 1994) .................................................................... 195

Anderson v. Holder, 673 F.3d 1089 (9th Cir. 2012) .................................................................... 464

Anderson v. Napolitano, 611 F.3d 275 (5th Cir. 2010) ................................................................ 128

Andrade Garcia v. Lynch, 828 F.3d 829, (9th Cir. 2016) ............................................................ 314

Antonyan v. Holder, 642 F.3d 1250 (9th Cir. 2011) .................................................................... 334

Anyelo, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 337 (BIA 2010) ........................................................................ 446

Aparicio-Brito v. Lynch, 824 F.3d 674 (7th Cir. 2016) .................................................................. 84

Arai, Matter of, 13 I&N Dec. 494 (BIA 1970) ............................................................................ 192

Arangure, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 178, 180–82 (BIA 2017) ........................................................ 61

Arbid v. Holder, 700 F.3d 379 (9th Cir. 2012) ............................................................................. 369

A–R–C–G–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 388 (BIA 2014) ................................................. 338, 339, 340

Arellano-Garcia v. Gonzales, 429 F.3d 1183 (8th Cir. 2005) ........................................................ 15

Aremu v. DHS, 450 F.3d 578 (4th Cir. 2006) .............................................................................. 130

Argaw v. Ashcroft, 395 F.3d 521 (4th Cir. 2005) ......................................................................... 157

Arguelles, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 811 (BIA 1999) ............................................................ 396, 398

Arias v. Lynch, 834 F.3d 823 (7th Cir. 2016) .............................................................................. 154

Arizona v. United States, 567 U.S. 387, 132 S. Ct. 2492 (2012) ..................................... 4, 448, 489

Armendarez-Mendez, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 646 (BIA 2008) .................................................. 451

Arrabally & Yerrabelly, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 771 (BIA 2012) ...................................... 127, 221

A–R–R–, AXXX XXX 004 (BIA Feb. 26, 2018) ......................................................................... 273

Arredondo v. Lynch, 824 F.3d 801 (9th Cir. 2016) ...................................................................... 443

Arreguin de Rodriguez, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 38 (BIA 1995) ............................. 69, 70, 254, 256

Arriaga-Barrientos v. INS, 937 F.2d 411 (9th Cir. 1991) ............................................................ 332

Arteaga v. INS, 836 F.2d 1227 (9th Cir. 1988) ............................................................................ 326

Arteaga de Alvarez v. Holder, 704 F.3d 730 (9th Cir. 2012) ....................................................... 273

Artigas, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 99 (BIA 2001) .......................................................................... 200

A–S–, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 1106 (BIA 1998) ......................................................................... 392

A–S–B–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 493 (BIA 2008) ....................................................................... 426

A–S–J–, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 893 (BIA 2012) ....................................................................... 381

A–T–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 617 (AG 2008) ............................................................................ 321

A–T–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 2969 (BIA 2007) ......................................................................... 321

Auguste v. Ridge, 395 F.3d 123 (3d Cir. 2005) ............................................................................ 385

Aurelio, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 458 (BIA 1987) ........................................................................ 118

Au Yi Lau v. INS, 445 F.2d 217 (D.C. Cir. 1971) ..................................................................... 81, 82

Avagyan v. Holder, 646 F.3d 672 (9th Cir. 2011) ........................................................................ 432

Averianova v. Holder, 592 F.3d 931 (8th Cir. 2010) ................................................................... 438

Avetisyan, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 688 (BIA 2012) .......................................... 35, 45, 89, 186, 225

Avila-Macias v. Ashcroft, 328 F.3d 108 (3d Cir. 2003) ............................................................... 128

Avila-Ramirez v. Holder, 764 F.3d 717 (7th Cir. 2014) ......................................................... 70, 254


Avila-Santoyo v. United States Att'y Gen., 713 F.3d 1357 (11th Cir. 2013) (en banc) ........ 431, 444

Awale v. Ashcroft, 384 F.3d 527 (8th Cir. 2004) ......................................................................... 322

Ayala v. United States Att'y Gen., 605 F.3d 941 (11th Cir. 2010) ............................................... 335

Azanor v. Ashcroft, 364 F.3d 1013 (9th Cir. 2004) ...................................................................... 433

Azim Aziz Hooda, A205 132 314 (BIA June 20, 2016) ................................................................ 396

Azurin, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 695 (BIA 2005) ......................................................................... 257

B

B–, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 66 (BIA 1995) ................................................................................. 324

Baez-Sanchez v. Sessions, 872 F.3d 854 (7th Cir. 2017) ............................................................. 227

Bagot v. Ashcroft, 398 F.3d 252 (3d Cir. 2005) ............................................................................. 57

Bah v. Ashcroft, 341 F.3d 348 (5th Cir. 2003) ............................................................................. 364

Bah v. Mukasey, 529 F.3d 99 (2d Cir. 2008) ............................................................................... 321

Baires-Larios, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 467 (BIA 2008) ............................................................... 56

Balachova v. Mukasey, 547 F.3d 374 (2d Cir. 2008) ................................................................... 364

Balogun v. INS, 31 F.3d 8 (1st Cir. 1994) .................................................................................... 160

Banda-Ortiz v. Gonzales, 445 F.3d 387 (5th Cir. 2006) .............................................................. 395

Barahona–Gomez v. Ashcroft, 243 F. Supp. 2d 1029 (N.D. Cal. 2002) ........................................ 89

Barahona v. Holder, 691 F.3d 349 (4th Cir. 2012) .............................................................. 101, 300

Barajas-Romero v. Lynch, 846 F.3d 351 (9th Cir. 2017) ............................................................. 361

Barcenas, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 609 (BIA 1988) .......................................... 6, 15, 62, 69, 84, 85

Barocio, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 255 (BIA 1985) ....................................................................... 447

Barradas v. Holder, 582 F.3d 754 (7th Cir. 2009) ......................................................................... 85

Barroso v. Gonzales, 429 F.3d 1195 (9th Cir. 2005) ................................................................... 408

Barry v. Gonzales, 445 F.3d 741 (4th Cir. 2006) ......................................................................... 434

Barsoum v. Holder, 617 F.3d 73 (1st Cir. 2010) .......................................................................... 317

B–A–S–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 57 (BIA. 1998) ................................................................ 442, 443

Bastanipour v. INS, 980 F.2d 1129 (7th Cir. 1992) ..................................................................... 331

Batten, Matter of, 11 I&N Dec. 271 (BIA 1965) ......................................................................... 156

Battista, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 484 (BIA 1987) ....................................................................... 113

Bautista-Gomez, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 893 (BIA 2006) .................................................. 226, 227

Beato, Matter of, 10 I&N Dec. 740 (BIA 1964) .......................................................................... 155

Beck v. Ohio, 379 U.S. 89 (1964) .................................................................................................. 80

Bedoya-Melendez v. United States Att'y Gen., 680 F.3d 1321 (11th Cir. 2012) .................. 279, 281

Beekhan v. Holder, 634 F.3d 723 (2d Cir. 2011) ......................................................................... 128

Belay-Gebru v. INS, 327 F.3d 998 (10th Cir. 2003) ............................................................ 304, 450

Bellido, Matter of, 12 I&N Dec. 369 (R.C. 1967) ........................................................................ 200

Beltran-Gutierrez; United States v., 19 F.3d 1287 (9th Cir. 1994) ................................................ 85


Benitez, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 173 (BIA 1984) .......................................................................... 85

Benitez Ramos v. Holder, 589 F.3d 426 (7th Cir. 2009) .............................................................. 336

Benjamin Luis-Garcia, A098 237 658 (BIA Jan. 21, 2011) ................................................ 427, 428

Bi Feng Liu v. Holder, 560 F.3d 485 (6th Cir. 2009) ................................................................... 438

Bilokumsky, United States ex rel. v. Tod, 263 U.S. 149 (1923) ............................................... 13, 87

Blake, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 722 (BIA 2005) .......................................................................... 252

Blancas-Lara, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 458 (BIA 2002) .............................................................. 240

Bojnoordi v. Holder, 757 F.3d 1075 (9th Cir. 2014) ................................................................... 102

Bondarenko v. Holder, 733 F.3d 899 (9th Cir. 2013) .................................................................... 15

Bong Youn Choy v. Barber, 279 F.2d 642 (9th Cir. 1960) ............................................................. 74

Bonilla v. Lynch, 840 F.3d 575 (9th Cir. 2016) ................................................................... 304, 450

Borges v. Gonzales, 402 F.3d 398 (3d Cir. 2005) ........................................................................ 444

Bosede v. Mukasey, 512 F.3d 946 (7th Cir. 2008) ....................................................................... 367

B–R–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 119 (BIA 2013) ........................................................................... 315

Bradley v. United States Att'y Gen., 603 F.3d 235 (3d Cir. 2010) ............................................... 178

Brendlin v. California, 551 U.S. 249 (2007) .................................................................................. 76

Bridges v. Wixon, 326 U.S. 135 (1945) ............................................................................ 15, 74, 444

Brieva, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 766 (BIA 2005) ................................................................. 252, 253

Brignoni-Ponce; United States v., 422 U.S. 873 (1975) ................................................................ 83

Brown v. Texas, 443 U.S. 47 (1979) .............................................................................................. 82

Brown v. United States Customs & Border Prot., 132 F. Supp. 3d 1170 (N.D. Cal. 2015) ........... 30

Bufalino, Matter of, 12 I&N Dec. 277 (BIA 1967) ...................................................................... 354

Bui v. INS, 76 F.3d 268 (9th Cir. 1996) ......................................................................................... 20

Bulnes-Nolasco, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 57 (BIA 2009) ...................................................... 44, 451

Burgos, Matter of, 15 I&N Dec. 278 (BIA 1975) .......................................................................... 84

Bustos-Torres v. INS, 898 F.2d 1053 (5th Cir. 1990) ...................................................................... 4

B–Y–, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 236 (BIA 2010) ........................................................................... 360

C

C–, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 529 (BIA 1992) ................................................................................. 65

Cabrera, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 459 (BIA 2008) ...................................................................... 141

Cabrera Perez v. Gonzales, 456 F.3d 109 (3d Cir. 2006) ............................................................ 440

Cadet v. Bulger, 377 F.3d 1173 (11th Cir. 2004) ......................................................................... 385

C–A–L–, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 754 (BIA 1997) ...................................................................... 322

Calcano-Martinez v. INS, 533 U.S. 348 (2001) ........................................................................... 457

Calderon-Hernandez, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 885 (BIA 2012) .................................................. 272

Calle-Vujiles v. Ashcroft, 320 F.3d 472 (3d Cir. 2003) ............................................................... 450

Camarillo, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 644 (BIA 2011) ........................................................... 241, 262


Campos-Sanchez v. INS, 164 F.3d 448 (9th Cir. 1999) ................................................................. 15

Campos-Torres, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 1289 (BIA 2000) ......................................................... 263

Cano–Oyarzabal v. Holder, 774 F.3d 914 (7th Cir. 2014) .......................................................... 156

Cano v. U.S. Att’y Gen., 709 F.3d 1052 (11th Cir. 2013) ............................................................ 153

Carachuri-Rosendo v. Holder, 560 U.S. 563, 130 S. Ct. 2577 (2010) ................................ 164, 460

Cardenas-Abreu, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 795 (BIA 2009) ........................................................... 65

Cardona v. Sessions, 848 F.3d 519 (1st Cir. 2017) ...................................................................... 339

Cardoza-Fonseca; INS v., 480 U.S. 421 (1987) .................................. 263, 321, 325, 344, 362, 378

Carrasco-Ibarra v. Sessions, No. 15-73012, 2018 U.S. App. LEXIS 12167 (9th Cir. May 9, 2018) ............................................................................................... 117

Carroll v. United States, 267 U.S. 132 (1925) ......................................................................... 77, 78

Casas-Castrillon v. DHS, 535 F.3d 942 (9th Cir. 2008) .............................................................. 418

Casillas, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 154 (BIA 1998) ........................................................................ 12

Casillas-Topete, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 317 (BIA 2010) .................................................... 94, 158

Castañeda v. Souza, 810 F.3d 15 (1st Cir. 2015) (en banc) ......................................................... 416

Castaneda-Castillo v. Holder, 638 F.3d 354 (1st Cir. 2011) ....................................................... 364

Castellano-Chacon v. INS, 341 F.3d 533 (6th Cir. 2003) ............................................................ 335

Castillo v. INS, 951 F.2d 1117 (9th Cir. 1991) ............................................................................ 326

Castillo Angulo, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 194 (BIA 2018) .............................................................. 8

Castillo-Arias v. United States Att'y Gen., 446 F.3d 1190 (11th Cir. 2006) ................................ 335

Castillo-Cruz v. Holder, 581 F.3d 1154 (9th Cir. 2009) ...................................................... 154, 364

Castillo-Perez v. INS, 212 F.3d 518 (9th Cir. 2000) ............................................................ 433, 443

Castro, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 692 (BIA 1988) ......................................................................... 260

Castro v. DHS, 835 F.3d 422 (3d Cir. 2016), cert. denied, 137 S. Ct. 1581 (2017) ............ 467, 468

Castro; United States v., 26 F.3d 557 (5th Cir. 1994) ................................................................. 155

Castro-Lopez, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 693 (BIA 2015) .............................................................. 300

Castro-Tolentino, A087 968 919 (BIA Jan. 21, 2015) ................................................................... 73

Castro-Tum, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 271 (AG 2018) .. 35, 45, 89, 90, 110, 186, 204, 225, 239, 290, 294

Catholic Social Servs., Inc. v. Meese, vacated sub nom. Reno v. Catholic Social Servs., Inc., 509 U.S. 43 (1993) .............. 313

Cavazos, Matter of, 17 I&N Dec. 215 (BIA 1980) ...................................................................... 113

C–B–, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 888 (BIA 2012) .................................................................... 36, 399

C–C–I–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 375 (BIA 2014) ................................................................... 14, 61

Cece v. Holder, 733 F.3d 662 (7th Cir. 2013) .............................................................................. 336

Central Cal. Legal Servs., Inc., Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 105 (BIA 2013) ..................................... 17

Cerna, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 399 (BIA 1991) .......................................................................... 428

Cervantes, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 560 (BIA 1999) ................................................... 209, 210, 220

Cervantes-Torres, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 351 (BIA 1996) ................................................... 62, 92

C–H–, Matter of, 9 I&N Dec. 265 (Reg'l Comm'r 1961) ............................................................. 176


Chacon, A094 474 544 (BIA Nov. 30, 2015) .............................................................................. 191

Chairez, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 819 (BIA 2016), reconsideration denied, 27 I&N Dec. 21 (BIA 2017) ................................ 149, 150, 244

Chairez-Castrejon, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 349 (BIA 2014), modified, 26 I&N Dec. 478 (BIA 2015) ....................................................................... 66

Chaly-Garcia v. United States, 508 F.3d 1201 (9th Cir. 2007) ........................................... 295, 304

Chandra v. Holder, 751 F.3d 1034 (9th Cir. 2014) ..................................................................... 438

Chang v. INS, 119 F.3d 1055 (3d Cir. 1997) ............................................................................... 319

Channer v. DHS, 527 F.3d 275 (2d Cir. 2008) .............................................................................. 62

Chapman v. United States, 365 U.S. 610 (1961) ........................................................................... 79

Chavez-Alvarez v. United States Att’y Gen., 850 F.3d 583 (3d Cir. 2017) .................................. 155

Chavez-Alvarez v. Warden York County Prison, 783 F.3d 469 (3d Cir. 2015) ............................ 419

Chen, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 16 (BIA 1989) ............................................................................. 323

Chen v. Dep't of Justice, 471 F.3d 315 (2d Cir. 2006) ................................................................. 459

Chen v. Lynch, 810 F.3d 466 (7th Cir. 2016) ....................................................................... 393, 466

Chen v. United States Att'y Gen., 513 F.3d 1255 (11th Cir. 2008) .............................................. 438

Cheng Chen v. Gonzales, 498 F.3d 758 (7th Cir. 2007) .............................................................. 438

Choeum v. INS, 129 F.3d 29 (2d Cir. 1997) ................................................................................. 367

Chouinard, Matter of, 11 I&N Dec. 839 (BIA 1966) .................................................................. 154

Cigaran v. Heston, 159 F.3d 355 (8th Cir. 1998) ........................................................................ 320

Cinapian v. Holder, 567 F.3d 1067 (9th Cir. 2009) ....................................................................... 15

Cisneros-Gonzalez, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 668 (BIA 2004) ..................................... 243, 261, 264

Cisneros-Guerrerro v. Holder, 774 F.3d 1056 (5th Cir. 2014) .................................................... 155

C–J–H–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 284 (BIA 2014) .............................................................. 177, 228

C.J.L.G. v. Sessions, 880 F.3d 1122 (9th Cir. 2018) .................................................................... 348

Coelho, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 464 (BIA 1992) ........................................................................ 426

Colorado v. Connelly, 479 U.S. 157 (1986) .................................................................................. 79

Compean, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 51 (BIA 1995) ...................................................................... 221

Compean, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 710 (2009) .............................................................................. 17

Compean, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 1 (AG 2009) ........................................................................... 15

Contreras-Bocanegra v. Holder, 678 F.3d 811 (10th Cir. 2012) (en banc) ................... 44, 451, 466

Contreras-Largaespada, A014 701 083 (BIA Feb. 12, 2016) ..................................................... 257

Cordero-Trejo v. INS, 40 F.3d 482 (1st Cir. 1994) ...................................................................... 326

Cordova, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 966 (BIA 1999) ...................................................................... 397

Cordova-Soto v. Holder, 659 F.3d 1029 (10th Cir. 2011) ........................................................... 128

Cornelio-Pena; United States v., 435 F.3d 1279 (10th Cir. 2006) ............................................... 163

Correa, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 130 (BIA 1984) ........................................................................ 211

Cortes-Medina, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 79 (BIA 2013) ............................................................. 155

Cota-Vargas, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 849 (BIA 2005) ......................................................... 68, 245


County of. See name of county

Coyt v. Holder, 593 F.3d 902 (9th Cir. 2010) ................................................................ 44, 451, 466

C–R–C–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 677 (BIA 2008) .............................................................. 441, 447

Crespin-Valladares v. Holder, 632 F.3d 117 (4th Cir. 2011) .............................................. 317, 459

Crespo-Gomez v. Richard, 780 F.2d 932 (11th Cir. 1986) .......................................................... 367

Crocock v. Holder, 670 F.3d 400 (2d Cir. 2012) ......................................................................... 114

Cruz-Garcia, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 1155 (BIA 1999) ............................................................. 442

Cruz v. Sessions, 853 F.3d 122 (4th Cir. 2017) ............................................................................ 341

Cuauhtemoc Jesus Morales, A095 949 625 (BIA Oct. 18, 2012) ................................................ 443

Cubor-Cruz, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 470 (BIA 2011) .................................................................. 22

Cuellar-Gomez, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 850 (BIA 2012) ........................................................... 142

Cuevas-Ortega v. INS, 588 F.2d 1274 (9th Cir. 1979) ................................................................... 62

Cundall, A075 776 185 (BIA Dec. 29, 2015) .............................................................................. 140

C–V–T–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 7 (BIA 1998) .......................................... 209, 237, 239, 246, 247

C-W-L-, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 346 (BIA 2007) ....................................................................... 438

D

Daas v. Holder, 620 F.3d 1050 (9th Cir. 2010) ........................................................................... 164

Dada v. Mukasey, 554 U.S. 1 (2008) ................................................................... 406, 407, 433, 451

Dakane v. United States Att'y Gen., 399 F.3d 1269 (11th Cir. 2004) .......................................... 433

Damaize-Job v. INS, 787 F.2d 1332 (9th Cir. 1986) .................................................................... 326

Danesh, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 669 (BIA 1988) ....................................................................... 153

Daryoush, Matter of, 18 I&N Dec. 352 (BIA 1982) .................................................................... 413

Davey, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 37 (BIA 2012) ........................................................................... 416

Davies v. INS, 10 F. Appx. 223 (4th Cir. 2001) ........................................................................... 444

Davis, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 536 (BIA 1992) .......................................................... 144, 145, 164

Davis v. Mississippi, 394 U.S. 721 (1969) ..................................................................................... 78

Deanda-Romo, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 597 (BIA 2003) .................................................... 242, 264

Deang, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 57 (BIA 2017) ................................................................... 145, 163

De Jimenez v. Ashcroft, 370 F.3d 783 (8th Cir. 2004) ................................................................. 443

de la Nues, Matter of, 18 I&N Dec. 140 (BIA 1981) ................................................................... 154

De La Vega v. Gonzales, 436 F.3d 141 (2d Cir. 2006) ................................................................ 272

De Leon v. Lynch, 808 F.3d 1224 (10th Cir. 2015) ...................................................................... 155

Delgado v. Holder, 648 F.3d 1095 (9th Cir. 2011) (en banc) ...................................................... 368

Delgado; INS v., 466 U.S. 210 (1984) ........................................................................................... 81

Delgado v. Mukasey, 516 F.3d 65 (2d Cir. 2008) ........................................................ 121, 231, 232

DeLucia, Matter of, 11 I&N Dec. 565 (BIA 1966) ...................................................................... 198

De Morales v. INS, 116 F.3d 145 (5th Cir. 1997) ........................................................................ 443


Demore v. Kim, 538 U.S. 510 (2003) ........................................................................................... 416

Denis v. United States Att'y Gen., 633 F.3d 201 (3d Cir. 2011) ................................................... 168

Dent v. Holder, 627 F.3d 365 (9th Cir. 2010) ................................................................................ 30

Desai v. United States Att'y Gen., 695 F.3d 267 (3d Cir. 2012) ........................................... 451, 466

Descamps v. United States, 570 U.S. 254, 133 S. Ct. 2276 (2013) ........ 66, 146, 147, 149, 166, 244

Desir v. Ilchert, 840 F.2d 723 (9th Cir. 1988) ............................................................................. 333

De Valle v. INS, 901 F.2d 787 (9th Cir. 1990) ............................................................................. 325

Devenpeck v. Alford, 543 U.S. 146 (2004) .................................................................................... 78

Devison-Charles, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 1362 (BIA 2000) ................................. 65, 142, 151, 242

Devitri v. Cronen, 289 F. Supp. 3d 287 (D. Mass. 2018) ............................................................ 470

Dhine v. Slattery, 3 F.3d 613 (2d Cir. 1993) ................................................................................ 345

Diallo v. Ashcroft, 381 F.3d 687 (7th Cir. 2004) ......................................................................... 376

Diallo v. Gonzales, 447 F.3d 1274 (10th Cir. 2006) .................................................................... 459

Diallo v. INS, 232 F.3d 279 (2d Cir. 2000) .................................................................................. 394

Diaz-Garcia, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 794 (BIA 2012) ................................................................. 44

Diaz-Lizarraga, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 847 (BIA 2016), overruled in part by Garcia-Martinez v. Sessions, 886 F.3d 1291 (9th Cir. 2018) .... 154

Diaz Ruacho, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 47 (BIA 2006) ................................................................. 400

Diaz-Zanatta v. Holder, 558 F.3d 450 (6th Cir. 2009) ................................................................ 365

D–I–M–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 448 (BIA 2008) ...................................................... 320, 323, 324

Diop v. ICE/Homeland Security, 656 F.3d 221 (3d Cir. 2011) ............................................ 314, 419

D–J–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 572 (AG 2003) ............................................................................ 413

D–L– & A–M–, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 409 (BIA 1991) ............................................................ 112

D–M–C–P–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 644 (BIA 2015) .................................................. 39, 191, 249

Doh v. Gonzales, 193 F. Appx. 245 (4th Cir. 2006) (per curiam) (unpublished) ................. 304, 450

Dolatbhai Patel, A201-183-819 (BIA Sept. 15, 2017) ................................................................ 450

Dominguez-Herrera v. Sessions, 850 F.3d 411 (8th Cir. 2017) ................................................... 155

Dominguez Rodriguez, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 408 (BIA 2014) ........................................ 149, 169

Donawa v. United States Att'y Gen., 735 F.3d 1275 (11th Cir. 2013) ................................. 150, 164

Dorosh v. Gonzales, 398 F.3d 379 (6th Cir. 2004) ...................................................................... 393

Douglas, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 197 (BIA 2013) ........................................................................ 56

D–R–, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 445 (BIA 2011) .................................................. 111, 472, 476, 481

D–R–, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 105 (BIA 2017) .......................................................................... 364

Duarte de Guinac v. INS, 179 F.3d 1156 (9th Cir. 1999) ............................................................ 330

Ducret, Matter of, 15 I&N Dec. 620 (BIA 1976) ........................................................................ 231

Durgac v. Gonzales, 430 F.3d 849 (7th Cir. 2005) ...................................................................... 394

Duron-Ortiz v. Holder, 698 F.3d 523 (7th Cir. 2012) .................................................................. 260

D–V–, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 77 (1995) .................................................................................... 317

D–X– & Y–Z–, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 664 (BIA 2012) ............................................................. 377


E

E–A–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 1 (BIA 2012) ............................................................................... 370

E–A–G–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 591 (BIA 2008) .............................................................. 336, 337

Eduard v. Ashcroft, 379 F.3d 182 (5th Cir. 2004) ....................................................................... 321

E–F–H–L–, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 226 (AG 2018), vacating Matter of E–F–H–L–, 26 I&N Dec. 319 (BIA 2014) ............................ 21, 316

E–H–, AXXX XXX 689 (BIA May 20, 2015) (unpublished) ..................................................... 248

Ekimian v. INS, 303 F.3d 1153 (9th Cir. 2002) ............................................................................ 304

Eleri v. Sessions, 852 F.3d 879 (9th Cir. 2017) ........................................................................... 217

Elias-Zacarias; INS v., 502 U.S. 478 (1992) ............................................... 327, 332, 333, 343, 363

Eneh v. Holder, 601 F.3d 943 (9th Cir. 2010) ............................................................................. 385

Enriquez-Alvarado v. Ashcroft, 371 F.3d 246 (5th Cir. 2004) ..................................... 304, 433, 450

Epifanio Martinez Juarez, A095 194 852 (BIA Mar. 21, 2011) .................................................. 267

E–R–, AXXX XXX 571 (BIA Dec. 21, 2016) ............................................................................... 04

E–R–M– & L–R–M–, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 520 (BIA 2011) .......................................... 309, 489

E–R–M–F– & A–S–M–, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 580 (BIA 2011) ...................... 16, 75, 76, 84, 200

Escamilla v. Holder, 459 F. Appx. 776 (10th Cir. 2012) ............................................................. 386

Escobar, Matter of, 18 I&N Dec. 412 (BIA 1983) ...................................................................... 408

Escobar v. Lynch, 846 F.3d 1019 (9th Cir. 2017) ........................................................................ 154

Eslamizar, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 684 (BIA 2004) ................................................................... 142

Espinal v. United States Att'y Gen., 653 F.3d 213 (3d Cir. 2011) .................................. 44, 451, 466

Espino-Castillo v. Holder, 770 F.3d 861 (9th Cir. 2014) ............................................................. 154

Espinoza v. INS, 45 F.3d 308 (9th Cir. 1995) ................................................................................ 85

Esponda v. United States Att'y Gen., 453 F.3d 1319 (11th Cir. 2006) ......................................... 424

Esquivel-Quintana v. Sessions, 137 S. Ct. 1562 (2017) ....................................................... 145, 163

Essohou v. Gonzales, 471 F.3d 518 (4th Cir. 2006) ..................................................................... 322

Estrada, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 749 (BIA 2016) ............................................................... 150, 172

Estrada & Estrada, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 180 (BIA 2013) ............................................. 180, 181

Estrada-Espinoza v. Mukasey, 546 F.3d 1147 (9th Cir. 2008) .................................................... 145

Estupinan-Gonzalez v. Sessions, 728 F. Appx. 549 (6th Cir. 2018) ............................................ 387

Everline Gesare Nyabwari, A097 683 208 (BIA Sept. 26, 2013) ........................................ 115, 137

Evra, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 79 (BIA 2010) .............................................................................. 440

Ex parte. See name of party

F

Fadiga v. United States Att’y Gen., 488 F.3d 142 (3d Cir. 2007) ................................................ 434

Fahmy v. Holder, 576 F. Appx. 524 (6th Cir. 2014) .................................................................... 385

Falcon Carriche v. Ashcroft, 350 F.3d 845 (9th Cir. 2003) ......................................................... 425


Faruk v. Ashcroft, 378 F.3d 940 (9th Cir. 2004) .......................................................................... 343

Fatahi, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 791 (BIA 2016) ......................................................................... 413

Fatin v. INS, 12 F.3d 1233 (3d Cir. 1993) ........................................................... 318, 331, 334, 335

Federiso, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 661 (BIA 2008) ..................................................................... 233

Fedorenko, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 57 (BIA 1984) ................................................................ 61, 62

Fedorenko v. United States, 449 U.S. 490 (1981) ................................................................ 104, 365

Felzcerek v. INS, 75 F.3d 112 (2d Cir. 1996) .................................................................................. 4

Fernandes v. Holder, 619 F.3d 1069 (9th Cir. 2010) ................................................................... 428

Fernandez-Vargas v. Gonzales, 548 U.S. 30 (2006) ................................................................... 121

Ferreira, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 415 (BIA 2014) ........................................................ 67, 146, 158

Fiadjoe v. United States Att'y Gen., 411 F.3d 135 (3d Cir. 2005) ............................................... 391

Filja v. Gonzales, 447 F.3d 241 (3d Cir. 2006) ........................................................................... 437

Fisher v. INS, 79 F.3d 955 (9th Cir. 1996) .................................................................................. 331

Fitzpatrick, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 559 (BIA 2015) .................................................................. 140

Fitzpatrick v. Sessions, 847 F.3d 913 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 138 S. Ct. 221 (2017) .................. 140

Flores v. Ashcroft, 350 F.3d 666 (7th Cir. 2003) ......................................................................... 146

Flores-Chavez v. Ashcroft, 362 F.3d 1150 (9th Cir. 2004) .................................................... 22, 447

Florida v. Bostick, 501 U.S. 429 (1991) .................................................................................. 77, 81

Fong Yue Ting v. United States, 149 U.S. 698 (1893) ..................................................................... 3

F–P–R–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 681 (BIA 2008) ...................................................................... 353

Francisco Ronaldi Juarez-Munoz, 2016 WL 4120559 (BIA July 13, 2016) ........................... 84, 86

Franco-Gonzalez v. Holder, 828 F. Supp. 2d 1133 (C.D. Cal. 2011) ............................................ 26

Franco-Gonzalez v. Holder, No. CV 10-02211 DMG (DTBx) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 23, 2013) ..... 26, 27

Franklin, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 867 (BIA 1994) ...................................................... 151, 153, 242

Frentescu, Matter of, 18 I&N Dec. 244 (BIA 1982) ...................................................... 65, 154, 366

Fualaau, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 475 (BIA 1996) ...................................................................... 152

Fuentes, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 658 (BIA 1988) ......................................................... 65, 154, 366

Fuentes-Erazo v. Sessions, 848 F.3d 847 (8th Cir. 2017) ............................................................ 339

G

G–A–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 366 (BIA 2002) .......................................................................... 388

Gaberov v. Mukasey, 516 F.3d 590 (7th Cir. 2008) ..................................................................... 432

Gabriel Luna-Bricento, A205 270 408 (BIA July 25, 2016) ....................................................... 400

Gailius v. INS, 147 F.3d 34 (1st Cir. 1998) .................................................................................. 321

Gaitan v. Holder, 671 F.3d 678 (8th Cir. 2012) ........................................................................... 336

Gallegos v. Haggerty, 689 F. Supp. 93 (N.D.N.Y. 1988) .............................................................. 80

Gallegos-Vasquez v. Holder, 636 F.3d 1181 (9th Cir. 2011) ....................................................... 459

Gambashidzez v. Ashcroft, 381 F.3d 187 (3d Cir. 2004) ............................................................. 322


Gamboa, Matter of, 14 I&N Dec. 244 (BIA 1972) ...................................................................... 397

Gamero, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 164 (BIA 2010) ...................................................................... 406

Gao v. Gonzales, 424 F.3d 122 (2d Cir. 2005) ............................................................................ 333

Garces v. United States Att'y Gen., 611 F.3d 1337 (11th Cir. 2010) ............................. 70, 143, 158

Garcia, Matter of, 16 I&N Dec. 653 (BIA 1978) ........................................................................ 185

Garcia, Matter of, 17 I&N Dec. 319 (BIA 1980) .......................................................................... 75

Garcia, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 179 (BIA 2007) ................................................ 282, 284, 292, 293

Garcia, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 332 (BIA 2010) ........................................................................ 242

Garcia v. Holder, 584 F.3d 1288 (10th Cir. 2009) ........................................................ 67, 150, 251

Garcia v. Holder, 659 F.3d 1261 (9th Cir. 2011) ........................................................................ 240

Garcia v. Holder, 746 F.3d 869 (8th Cir. 2014) .......................................................................... 386

Garcia v. USICE, 669 F.3d 91 (2d Cir. 2011) ............................................................................... 57

Garcia-Aguirre, A094 985 673 (BIA Oct. 25, 2013) ................................................................... 494

Garcia-Arreola, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 267 (BIA 2010) ................................................... 416, 417

Garcia-Carias v. Holder, 697 F.3d 257 (5th Cir. 2012) ...................................................... 451, 466

Garcia-Cortez v. Ashcroft, 366 F.3d 749 (9th Cir. 2004) ............................................................ 424

Garcia-Echaverria; United States v., 374 F.3d 440 (6th Cir. 2004) .............................................. 65

Garcia-Flores, Matter of, 17 I&N Dec. 325 (BIA 1980) ................................................... 16, 34, 75

Garcia-Garcia, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 93 (BIA 2009) .............................................................. 412

Garcia-Hernandez, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 590 (BIA 2003) ..................................... 151, 242, 263

Garcia-Martinez v. Sessions, 886 F.3d 1291 (9th Cir. 2018) ...................................................... 154

Garcia-Quintero v. Gonzales, 455 F.3d 1006 (9th Cir. 2006) ..................................................... 240

Garcia-Ramirez, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 674 (BIA 2015) .................................................. 265, 410

Garfias-Rodriguez v. Holder, 702 F.3d 504 (9th Cir. 2012) ........................................................ 128

Gasparyan v. Holder, 707 F.3d 1130 (9th Cir. 2013) .................................................................. 462

Gatimi v. Holder, 578 F.3d 611 (7th Cir. 2009) ........................................................................... 336

Gaye v. Lynch, No. 14-3652, 788 F.3d 519 (6th Cir. 2015) ......................................................... 393

Gayle v. Napolitano, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 36273 (D.N.J. Mar. 15, 2013) .............................. 417

Gbaya v. United States Att'y Gen., 342 F.3d 1219 (11th Cir. 2003) ............................................ 433

G–D–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 1132 (BIA 1999) ........................................................................ 278

G–D–M–, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 82 (BIA 2009) ...................................................................... 278

Gelin v. United States Att’y Gen., 837 F.3d 1236 (11th Cir. 2016) ............................................. 153

Georgia v. Randolph, 547 U.S. 103 (2006) ................................................................................... 78

Georgis v. Ashcroft, 328 F.3d 962 (7th Cir. 2003) ....................................................................... 425

G–G–, Matter of, 7 I&N Dec. 161 (BIA 1956) ............................................................................ 409

G–G–S–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 339 (BIA 2014) ...................................................................... 366

Ghunaim, Matter of, 15 I&N Dec. 269 (BIA 1975) ..................................................................... 153

Gil v. Holder, 651 F.3d 1000 (9th Cir. 2011) .............................................................................. 461

Gjeci v. Gonzales, 451 F.3d 416 (7th Cir. 2006) ........................................................................... 32


Gjerjaj v. Holder, 691 F.3d 288 (2d Cir. 2012) ........................................................................... 178

Godinez-Perez, Matter of, A208-202-259 (BIA Jan. 31, 2017) (unpublished) ............................ 409

Go v. Holder, 640 F.3d 1047 (9th Cir. 2011) ............................................................................... 371

Gomez-Gomez, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 522 (BIA 2002) ................................................................ 7

Gomez-Granillo v. Holder, 654 F.3d 826 (9th Cir. 2011) .............................................................. 94

Gomez-Gutierrez v. Lynch, 811 F.3d 1053 (8th Cir. 2016) .......................................................... 155

Gomez-Perez v. Lynch, 829 F.3d 323 (5th Cir. 2016) .................................................................. 152

Gomez-Sanchez v. Sessions, 892 F.3d 985 (9th Cir. 2018) .......................................................... 366

Gonzales v. DHS, 508 F.3d 1227 (9th Cir. 2007) ................................................................ 144, 231

Gonzales v. Duenas-Alvarez, 549 U.S. 183 (2007) ........................................ 67, 144, 145, 146, 163

Gonzales-Zoquiapan, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 549 (BIA 2008) .......................................... 155, 159

Gonzalez, Matter of, 16 I&N Dec. 44 (BIA 1976) ......................................................................... 44

Gonzalez, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 682 (BIA 1988) ....................................................................... 65

Gonzalez v. Holder, 673 F.3d 35 (1st Cir. 2012) ......................................................................... 231

Gonzalez-Alarcon v. Macias, No. 16-2263, 884 F.3d 1266 (10th Cir. Mar. 19, 2018) ................ 464

Gonzalez-Balderas v. Holder, 597 F.3d 869 (7th Cir. 2010) ....................................................... 231

Gonzalez-Rivera v. INS, 22 F.3d 1441 (9th Cir. 1994) .................................................................. 75

Gonzalez-Sandoval v. INS, 910 F.2d 614 (9th Cir. 1990) ............................................................ 160

Gonzalez Sarat, A205 164 431 (BIA Jan. 30, 2017) .................................................................... 404

Gonzalez-Silva, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 218 (BIA 2007) ........................................................... 171

Gooch; United States v., 6 F.3d 673 (9th Cir. 1993) ...................................................................... 78

Gordillo v. Holder, 640 F.3d 700 (6th Cir. 2011) ................................................................ 451, 466

Gourche v. Holder, 633 F.3d 882 (7th Cir. 2011) ........................................................................ 233

Gourdet v. Holder, 587 F.3d 1 (1st Cir. 2009) ..................................................................... 384, 385

Grace v. Sessions (D.D.C. 2018) ................................................................................................. 312

Graham v. Connor, 490 U.S. 386 (1989) ....................................................................................... 75

Green v. United States Att'y Gen., 694 F.3d 503 (3d Cir. 2012) .................................................. 388

Griffiths v. INS, 243 F.3d 45 (1st Cir. 2001) .......................................................................... 65, 142

Grijalva, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 27 (BIA 1995) .................................................................. 12, 446

Guarino, United States ex rel. v. Uhl, 107 F.2d 399 (2d Cir. 1939) ............................................ 155

Guerra, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 37 (BIA 2006) .................................................................. 412, 413

Guerra v. Shanahan, 831 F.3d 59 (2d Cir. 2016) ................................................................ 314, 418

Guerrero, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 631 (BIA 2011) .................................................................... 163

Guevara, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 238 (BIA 1991) .................................................................. 13, 87

Gutierrez, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 479 (BIA 1996) ...................................................................... 45

Guzman, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 722 (BIA 1999) ...................................................................... 439

Guzman Martinez, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 845 (BIA 2012) ................................................. 13, 418

Guzman-Polanco, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 713 (BIA 2016) ........................................................ 165

G–Y–R–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 181 (BIA 2001) .............................................. 110, 444, 445, 446


H

H-, Matter of, 1 I&N Dec. 669 (BIA 1943) ................................................................................. 156

H–, Matter of, 6 I&N Dec. 358 (BIA 1954) ................................................................................. 156

H–, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 337 (BIA 1996) ............................................................... 329, 335, 343

Habtemichael v. Ashcroft, 370 F.3d 774 (8th Cir. 2004) ............................................................. 384

Hachem v. Holder, 656 F.3d 430 (6th Cir. 2011) ........................................................................ 408

Haddam v. Holder, 547 F. Appx. 306 (4th Cir. 2013) ................................................................. 346

Haile v. Holder, 658 F.3d 1122 (9th Cir. 2011) ........................................................................... 388

Hailemichael v. Gonzales, 454 F.3d 878 (8th Cir. 2006) ............................................................. 382

Haim, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 641 (BIA 1988) ........................................................................... 442

Hajro v. USCIS, 811 F.3d 1086 (9th Cir. 2016) ............................................................................. 30

Hajro v. USCIS, 832 F. Supp. 2d 1095 (N.D. Cal. 2012) .............................................................. 28

Hakim v. Holder, 628 F.3d 151 (5th Cir. 2010) ........................................................................... 386

Hamama v. Adducci, 261 F. Supp. 3d 820 (E.D. Mich. 2017) ..................................................... 470

Hamama v. INS, 78 F.3d 233 (6th Cir. 1996) .............................................................................. 367

Hamid v. Ashcroft, 336 F.3d 465 (6th Cir. 2003) ......................................................................... 433

Hanif v. United States Att'y Gen., 694 F.3d 479 (3d Cir. 2012) ................................................... 218

Harchenko v. INS, 379 F.3d 405 (6th Cir. 2004) ................................................................. 304, 450

Haro Pena, A095 727 770 (BIA Dec. 17, 2013) ......................................................................... 443

Harrison, Matter of, 13 I&N Dec. 540 (Dist. Dir. 1970) ............................................................. 196

Hashmi, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 785 (BIA 2009) ................................................. 32, 185, 239, 266

Hashmi v. United States Att'y Gen., 531 F.3d 256 (3d Cir. 2008) ............................................... 185

Hasirah v. DHS, 478 F.3d 474 (2d Cir. 2007) ............................................................................. 440

Haxhiu v. Mukasey, 519 F.3d 685 (7th Cir. 2008) ....................................................................... 333

He v. Ashcroft, 328 F.3d 593 (9th Cir. 2003) ............................................................................... 193

Heaven v. Gonzales, 473 F.3d 167 (5th Cir. 2006) ...................................................................... 241

Henriquez-Rivas v. Holder, 707 F.3d 1081 (9th Cir. 2013) ......................................................... 336

Henry Noe Hernandez Diaz, A088 347 822 (BIA Apr. 11, 2016) ............................................... 450

Herbert v. Ashcroft, 325 F.3d 68 (1st Cir. 2003) ................................................................. 442, 443

Hernandez, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 397 (BIA 2014) .......................................................... 156, 157

Hernandez, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 464 (BIA 2015) .................................................................. 152

Hernandez v. Ashcroft, 345 F.3d 824 (9th Cir. 2003) .................................................. 279, 280, 281

Hernandez v. Mukasey, 524 F.3d 1014 (9th Cir. 2008) ............................................................... 443

Hernandez v. Reno, 238 F.3d 50 (1st Cir. 2001) .......................................................................... 433

Hernandez v. Reno, 258 F.3d 806 (8th Cir. 2001) ....................................................................... 365

Hernandez-Avalos v. Lynch, 784 F.3d 944 (4th Cir. 2015) .......................................... 328, 341, 344

Hernandez-Cruz v. United States Att’y Gen., 764 F.3d 281 (3d Cir. 2014) ................................. 156

Hernandez de Martinez v. Holder, 770 F.3d 823 (9th Cir. 2014) ................................................ 154


Hernandez Diaz, A088 347 822 (BIA Apr. 11, 2016) ................................................................. 450

Hernandez-Gonzalez v. Holder, 778 F.3d 793 (9th Cir. 2015) .................................................... 157

Hernandez-Martinez v. Ashcroft, 329 F.3d 1117 (9th Cir. 2003) ................................................ 153

Hernandez-Moran v. Gonzales, 408 F.3d 496 (8th Cir. 2005) .................................................... 433

Hernandez-Ortez v. Holder, 741 F.3d 644 (5th Cir. 2014) .......................................................... 434

Hernandez-Ortiz v. Gonzales, 496 F.3d 1042 (9th Cir. 2007) ..................................................... 320

Hernandez v. Sessions, 872 F.3d 976 (9th Cir. 2017) .................................................................. 413

Herrera Molina v. Holder, 597 F.3d 128 (2d Cir. 2010) ............................................................. 463

Higinio Rivas-Diaz, A208-362-593 (BIA July 18, 2017) ............................................................ 440

Hiibel v. Sixth Judicial Dist. Ct. of Nev., 542 U.S. 177 (2003) ...................................................... 87

Hines, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 544 (BIA 2008) ............................................................................ 13

H–M–C–J–, AXXX-XXX-586 (BIA Mar. 1, 2018) .................................................................... 357

H–N–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 1039 (BIA 1999) ........................................................................ 183

Holder v. Martinez Gutierrez, 566 U.S. 583 (2012) (2012) ......................................................... 238

Holland v. Florida, 560 U.S. 631 (2010) ..................................................................................... 431

Holmes v. Amerex Rent-a-Car, 710 A.2d 846 (D.C. 1998) ......................................................... 310

Holmes v. Amerex Rent-a-Car, 180 F.3d 294 (DC Cir. 1999) ..................................................... 310

Hosh v. Lucero, 680 F.3d 375 (4th Cir. 2012) ............................................................................. 416

Huang, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 749 (BIA 1988) ............................................................. 62, 92, 239

Huang v. United States Att'y Gen., 620 F.3d 372 (3d Cir. 2010) ................................................. 426

Huerta v. Gonzalez, 443 F.3d 753 (10th Cir. 2006) ..................................................................... 422

Hughes v. Ashcroft, 255 F.3d 752 (9th Cir. 2001) ......................................................................... 56

Hui Lin Huang v. Holder, 677 F.3d 130 (2d Cir. 2012) ............................................................... 426

Husic v. Holder, 776 F.3d 59 (2d Cir. 2015) ............................................................................... 218

Hussain v. Gonzales, 424 F.3d 622 (7th Cir. 2005) ..................................................................... 393

I

Iavorski v. INS, 232 F.3d 124 (2d Cir. 2000) ............................................................................... 431

Ibarra v. Holder, 736 F.3d 903 (10th Cir. 2013) ......................................................................... 172

Ibarra v. Holder, 770 F.3d 1280 (9th Cir. 2014) ......................................................................... 154

Ibrahim v. Acosta, No. 17-cv-24574-GAYLES (S.D. Fla. Jan. 26, 2018) ................................... 470

Ige, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 880 (BIA 1994) ...................................................................... 211, 272

Ikenokwalu-White v. INS, 316 F.3d 798 (8th Cir. 2003) .............................................................. 460

Ikharo v. Holder, 614 F.3d 622 (6th Cir. 2010) ........................................................................... 367

Ilic, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 717 (BIA 2012) .............................................................................. 180

In re. See name of party

INS v. See name of opposing party

Iredia v. INS, 981 F.2d 847 (5th Cir. 1993) ................................................................................. 160


Iruegas-Valdez v. Yates, 846 F.3d 806 (5th Cir. 2018) ................................................................ 387

Isidro, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 829 (BIA 2012) .......................................................................... 267

Islam, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 637 (BIA 2011) ........................................................................... 160

Islam v. Gonzales, 469 F.3d 53 (2d Cir. 2006) .............................................................................. 21

Ivan Velazco Castellano, A205 056 436 (BIA Mar. 8, 2016) ........................................................ 83

J

J–, Matter of, 6 I&N Dec. 496 (BIA 1955) .............................................................................. 14, 61

J–, Matter of, 8 I&N Dec. 568 (BIA 1960) .................................................................................... 87

Jaber v. Gonzales, 486 F.3d 223 (6th Cir. 2007) ......................................................................... 463

Jacinto v. INS, 208 F.3d 725 (9th Cir. 2000) ............................................................................... 328

Jaghoori v. Holder, No. 13-1801, 772 F.3d 764 (4th Cir. 2014) ................................................. 241

Jara Riero, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 267 (BIA 2007) .................................................................. 180

Javier v. United States Att’y Gen., 826 F.3d 127 (3d Cir. 2016) ................................................. 153

J–B–N– & S–M–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 208 (BIA 2007) ........................................................ 327

J–C–H–F–, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 211 (BIA 2018) .................................................................. 392

J–E–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 291 (BIA 2002) ................................................................... 383, 384

Jean, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 373 (BIA 2002) .................................................... 218, 346, 367, 499

Jean-Louis v. United States Att'y Gen, 582 F.3d 462 (2009), petition for reh'g denied (3d Cir. Apr. 5, 2010) ......................................................... 152

Jean-Pierre v. United States Att'y Gen., 500 F.3d 1315 (11th Cir. 2007) .................................... 385

Jennings v. Rodriguez, 538 U.S. ___, 138 S. Ct. 830 (2018) ............................... 314, 315, 419, 458

Jerezano v. INS, 169 F.3d 613 (9th Cir. 1999) ............................................................................. 440

Jeudy v. Holder, 768 F.3d 595 (7th Cir. 2014) ............................................................................ 241

J–F–F–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 912 (BIA 2006) ................................................................. 20, 388

J–G–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 161 (BIA 2013) ........................................................... 437, 439, 448

J–G–D–F–, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 82 (BIA 2017) .................................................................... 154

J–H–J–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 563 (BIA 2015) ....................................................... 217, 218, 219

Jian Kang Zheng v. United States Att'y Gen., 264 F. Appx. 228 (3d Cir. 2008) .......................... 112

Jimenez-Domingo v. Holder, No. 12-14048-D (11th Cir. 2013) ............................................ 72, 460

Jimenez Ferreira v. Lynch, No. 15-2603, 831 F.3d 803 (7th Cir. 2016) ...................................... 392

Jimenez-Galicia v. United States Att'y Gen., 690 F.3d 1207 (11th Cir. 2012) ............................. 460

Jimenez-Morales v. United States Att'y Gen., No. 14-15359 (11th Cir. May 2, 2016) ................ 463

J–J–, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 976 (BIA 1997) .................................................................... 431, 449

J–M– C–, AXXX XXX 494 (BIA March 28, 2018) .................................................................... 244

Johnson v. United States, 559 U.S. 133 (2010) ............................................................................ 166

Johnson v. United States Att'y Gen., 602 F.3d 508 (3d Cir. 2010) ....................................... 145, 281

Jordan v. DeGeorge, 341 U.S. 223 (1951) .................................................................................. 154


Jordan Omar Nunez-Zepeda, A097-315-824 (BIA Sept. 29, 2017) ............................................ 441

Jorge Alberto Batres-Romero, A206 189 330 (BIA Mar. 17, 2016) ........................................... 443

Jorge-Tzoc v. Gonzales, 435 F.3d 146 (2d Cir. 2006) ................................................................. 320

Jose Guerrero-Soto, A091-225-150 (BIA Nov. 17, 2015) .......................................................... 432

Jose Hernandez Mendoza, A208 090 199 (BIA Aug. 4, 2016) ..................................................... 41

Joseph, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 799 (BIA 1999) ........................................................................ 416

Joseph v. Holder, 579 F.3d 827 (7th Cir. 2009) ........................................................................... 437

Joseph v. United States Att'y Gen., 236 F. Appx. 787 (3d Cir. 2007) .......................................... 238

J–P–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 33 (BIA 1998) ............................................................................. 442

J–R–T–, AXXX XXX 885 (BIA Aug. 18, 2017) (unpublished) .................................................. 256

Juan Francisco Lopez, A095 805 348 (BIA Aug. 10, 2016) ....................................................... 443

Judulang v. Holder, 565 U.S. 42, 132 S. Ct. 476 (2011) ............................................. 237, 253, 426

Junshao Zhang v. Gonzales, 434 F.3d 993 (7th Cir. 2006) .......................................................... 321

Jurado-Delgado, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 29 (BIA 2006) ........................................................... 241

Jurado-Delgado v. United States Att'y Gen., 498 F. Appx. 101 (3d Cir. 2009) ........................... 241

Juvenal Valdovinos-Lopez, A200-684-816 (BIA June 29, 2016) ................................................ 432

J–Y–C–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 260 (BIA 2007) ....................................................................... 391

K

K–, Matter of, 2 I&N Dec. 90 (BIA 1947) ................................................................................... 155

K–, Matter of, 7 I&N Dec. 594 (BIA 1957) ................................................................................. 143

K–A–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 661 (BIA 2004) .................................................................. 183, 228

Kahn v. United States Att'y Gen., 691 F.3d 488 (3d Cir. 2012) ................................................... 463

Kaiser v. Ashcroft, 390 F.3d 653 (9th Cir. 2004) ......................................................................... 326

Kamara v. Lynch, 786 F.3d 420 (5th Cir. 2015) ............................................................................ 56

Kamil Cwalinski, A047 081 455 (BIA Mar. 9, 2015) .................................................................. 245

Kandamar v. Gonzales, 464 F.3d 65 (1st Cir. 2006) ............................................................... 16, 73

Kanga, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 1206 (BIA 2000) ....................................................................... 119

Kao & Lin, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 45 (BIA 2001) .................................................................... 210

Kaplun v. United States Att'y Gen., 602 F.3d 260 (3d Cir. 2010) ................................................ 426

Karki v. Holder, 715 F.3d 792 (10th Cir. 2013) ........................................................................... 386

Kasinga, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 357 (BIA 1996) .............................................. 317, 326, 329, 335

Kasneci v. Gonzales, 415 F.3d 202 (1st Cir. 2005) ...................................................................... 386

Kastigar v. United States, 406 U.S. 441 (1972) ............................................................................. 86

Katebi v. Ashcroft, 396 F.3d 463 (1st Cir. 2005) ..................................................................... 62, 92

Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347 (1967) ................................................................................... 76

Kaweesa v. Gonzales, 450 F.3d 62 (1st Cir. 2006) ...................................................................... 442

Kaye v. United States, 177 F. 147 (7th Cir. 1910) ....................................................................... 155


Keeley, 27 I&N Dec. 146 (BIA 2017) .......................................................................................... 163

Kepilino v. Gonzales, 454 F.3d 1057 (9th Cir. 2006) .................................................................. 155

Kerciku v. INS, 314 F.3d 913 (7th Cir. 2003) ................................................................................ 15

Ketlie Augustin, A097-199-166 (BIA Mar. 17, 2017) ................................................................. 450

Khan, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 797 (BIA 2016) ........................................................................... 227

Khodagholian v. Ashcroft, 335 F.3d 1003 (9th Cir. 2003) ............................................................. 92

Kholyavskiy v. Mukasey, 540 F.3d 555 (7th Cir. 2008) ............................................................... 320

Khouzam v. Ashcroft, 361 F.3d 161 (2d Cir. 2004) ..................................................................... 370

Khup v. Ashcroft, 376 F.3d 898 (9th Cir. 2004) ........................................................................... 318

Kibinda v. United States Att'y Gen., 477 F.3d 113 (3d Cir. 2007) ............................................... 347

Kim, Matter of, 15 I&N Dec. 88 (BIA 1974) ............................................................................... 211

Kleindienst v. Mandel, 408 U.S. 753 (1972) .................................................................................... 3

Klementanovsky v. Gonzales, 501 F.3d 788 (7th Cir. 2007) ........................................................ 218

Knezevic v. Ashcroft, 367 F.3d 1206 (9th Cir. 2004) ................................................................... 322

Kokar v. Gonzales, 478 F.3d 803 (7th Cir. 2007) ........................................................................ 424

Koljenovic, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 219 (BIA 2010) .................................................................. 217

Koloamatangi, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 548 (BIA 2003) ............................................. 217, 233, 239

Komarenko v. INS, 35 F.3d 432 (9th Cir. 1994) .......................................................................... 367

Konou v. Holder, 750 F.3d 1120 (9th Cir. 2014) ......................................................................... 367

Kotliar, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 124 (BIA 2007) ........................................................................ 415

Kouljinski v. Keisler, 505 F.3d 534 (6th Cir. 2007) ..................................................................... 346

Krotova v. Gonzales, 416 F.3d 1080 (9th Cir. 2005) ................................................................... 319

Kucana v. Holder, 558 U.S. 233, 130 S. Ct. 827 (2010) ...................................................... 433, 461

Kulle, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 318 (BIA 1985) ........................................................................... 392

Kumar v. Holder, 728 F.3d 993 (9th Cir. 2013) ........................................................................... 364

Kungys v. United States, 485 U.S. 759 (1988) ............................................................................. 111

Kuusk v. Holder, 732 F.3d 302 (4th Cir. 2013) ............................................................................ 431

Kwong Hai Chew v. Colding, 344 U.S. 590 (1953) ....................................................................... 15

Kyong Ho Shin v. Holder, 607 F.3d 1213 (9th Cir. 2010) ........................................................... 118

L

L–, Matter of, 6 I&N Dec. 349 (BIA 1954) ................................................................................. 139

L–A–B–R–, Matter, 27 I&N Dec. 245 (AG 2018) ................................................... 33, 90, 186, 347

L–A–C–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 516 (BIA 2015) ...................................................................... 393

Laduke v. Nelson, 762 F.2d 1318 (9th Cir. 1985) .......................................................................... 78

Lambert, Matter of, 11 I&N Dec. 340 (BIA 1965) ...................................................................... 155

Landin-Molina v. Holder, 580 F.3d 913 (9th Cir. 2010) .............................................................. 181

Landon v. Plasencia, 459 U.S. 21 (1982) .................................................... 15, 62, 64, 92, 444, 446


Lanier v. United States Att'y Gen., 631 F.3d 1363 (11th Cir. 2011) .................................... 218, 459

Lanzas-Ramirez v. United States Att’y Gen., 508 F. Appx. 885 (11th Cir. 2013) .......................... 70

Lara v. Trominski, 216 F.3d 487 (5th Cir. 2000) ......................................................................... 433

Lawrence v. Lynch, 826 F.3d 198 (4th Cir. 2016) ....................................................................... 432

L.D.G. v. Holder, 744 F.3d 1022 (7th Cir. 2014) ......................................................................... 226

Le v. Holder, 340 F. Appx. 201 (5th Cir. 2009) ........................................................................... 422

L–E–A–, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 40 (BIA 2017) ................................................................ 318, 341

League of United Latin Am. Citizens v. INS, 999 F.2d 1362 (9th Cir. 1993), vacated sub nom. Reno v. Catholic Social Servs., Inc., 509 U.S. 43 (1993) .............. 313

Leal, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 20 (BIA 2012) ...................................................................... 152, 155

Leal v. Holder, 771 F.3d 1140 (9th Cir. 2014) ............................................................................. 152

Ledezma-Cosino v. Lynch, 819 F.3d 1070 (9th Cir. Mar. 24, 2016) ............................................ 255

Ledezma-Cosino v. Sessions, 857 F.3d 1042 (9th Cir. 2017) ....................................................... 265

Lee, Matter of, 17 I&N Dec. 275 (BIA 1978) .............................................................................. 231

Legaspi, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 328 (BIA 2010) ....................................................................... 181

Leiba v. Holder, 699 F.3d 346 (4th Cir. 2012) ............................................................................. 218

Lenis v. Att'y Gen., 525 F.3d 1291 (11th Cir. 2008) ............................................................ 304, 450

Leocal v. Ashcroft, 543 U.S. 1 (2004) .................................................................................. 149, 165

Leslie v. United States Att'y Gen., 611 F.3d 171 (3d Cir. 2010) .................................................... 75

Leslie v. United States Att'y Gen., 678 F.3d 265 (3d Cir. 2012) .......................................... 314, 419

Lethbridge, Matter of, 11 I&N Dec. 444 (BIA 1965) .................................................................. 156

Lettman, Matter of, 11 I&N Dec. 878 (Reg'l Comm'r 1966) ....................................................... 196

Leyva, Matter of, 16 I&N Dec. 118 (BIA 1977) ............................................................................ 58

L–G–H–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 365 (BIA 2014) ...................................................................... 164

Liadov, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 990 (BIA 2006) .................................................................. 43, 422

Liadov v. Mukasey, 518 F.3d 1003 (8th Cir. 2008) ...................................................................... 422

Lie v. Ashcroft, 396 F.3d 530 (3d Cir. 2005) ............................................................................... 326

Lim v. INS, 224 F.3d 929 (9th Cir. 2000) ..................................................................................... 317

Lin v. Gonzales, 152 F. Appx. 475 (6th Cir. 2005) ........................................................................ 39

Lin v. United States Att'y Gen., 681 F.3d 1236 (11th Cir. 2012) ................................... 44, 451, 466

Linares-Gonzales v. Lynch, 823 F.3d 508 (9th Cir. 2016) ........................................................... 154

Lino v. Gonzales, 467 F.3d 1077 (7th Cir. 2006) ................................................................. 121, 232

Lin Xing Jiang v. Holder, 639 F.3d 751 (7th Cir. 2011) .............................................................. 434

Liti v. Gonzales, 411 F.3d 631 (6th Cir. 2005) ............................................................................. 393

Liu v. Att’y Gen., 555 F.3d 145 (3d Cir. 2009) ............................................................................ 438

Liu v. Lynch, 802 F.3d 69 (1st Cir. 2015) .................................................................................... 447

Llapa-Sinchi v. Mukasey, 520 F.3d 897 (8th Cir. 2008) ................................................................ 22

Lleshanaku v. Ashcroft, 100 F. Appx. 546 (7th Cir. 2004) .......................................................... 343

L–M–P–, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 265 (BIA 2018) ...................................................................... 359


L–O–G–, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 413 (BIA 1996) ...................................................... 209, 210, 211

Logan, Matter of, 17 I&N Dec. 367 (BIA 1980) ......................................................................... 153

Lopez v. Gonzales, 549 U.S. 47 (2006) ........................................................................................ 164

Lopez v. INS, 184 F.3d 1097 (9th Cir. 1999) ............................................................................... 432

Lopez-Amador v. Holder, 649 F.3d 880 (8th Cir. 2011) .............................................................. 385

Lopez-Birrueta v. Holder, 633 F.3d 1211 (9th Cir. 2011) ........................................... 277, 279, 281

Lopez-Cardona v. Holder, 662 F.3d 1110 (9th Cir. 2011) ........................................................... 378

Lopez-Dubon v. Holder, 609 F.3d 642 (5th Cir. 2010) .................................................................. 22

Lopez-Mendoza; INS v., 468 U.S. 1032 (1984) ............................................... 16, 34, 72, 73, 74, 87

Lopez-Meza, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 1188 (BIA 1999) ...................................................... 152, 153

Lopez-Molina v. Ashcroft, 368 F.3d 1206 (9th Cir. 2004) ........................................................... 158

Lopez Rodriguez v. Mukasey, 536 F.3d 1012 (2008), petition for reh'g en banc denied, 560 F.3d 1098 (9th Cir. 2009) .......................... 16, 73

Lopez-Soto v. Ashcroft, 383 F.3d 228 (4th Cir. 2004) ................................................................. 335

Lopez-Velasquez; United States v., 629 F.3d 894 (9th Cir. 2010) (en banc) ................................. 20

Lora v. Shanahan, 804 F.3d 601 (2d Cir. 2015) .................................................................. 416, 419

Louisaire v. Muller, 758 F. Supp. 2d 229 (S.D.N.Y. 2010) ......................................................... 156

Louissaint, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 754 (BIA 2009) ................................................................... 154

Lovano v. Lynch, 846 F.3d 815 (6th Cir. 2017) ........................................................................... 153

Lozada, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 637 (BIA 1988) ................................................................ 433, 434

L–S–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 645 (BIA 1999) ............................................................................. 65

L–S–, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 705 (BIA 2012) ........................................................................... 324

L–S–M–, Matter of, Adopted Decision 2016-03 (AAO Feb. 23, 2016) ....................................... 402

Lu v. Ashcroft, 259 F.3d 127 (3d Cir. 2001) ................................................................................ 433

Lugo-Resendez v. Lynch, 831 F.3d 337 (5th Cir. July 28, 2016) ................................................. 431

Luis v. INS, 196 F.3d 36 (1st Cir. 1999) ...................................................................................... 450

Lujan-Armendariz v. INS, 222 F.3d 728 (9th Cir. 2000) ................................................................ 68

Lumaj v. Gonzales, 462 F.3d 574 (6th Cir. 2006) ........................................................................ 317

Luna v. Holder, 637 F.3d 85 (2d Cir. 2011) .......................................................... 44, 432, 451, 466

Luna-Garcia v. Holder, 777 F.3d 1183 (10th Cir. 2015) ............................................................. 314

L–V–C–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 594 (BIA 1999) ...................................................................... 156

L–V–K–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 976 (BIA 1999) ...................................................................... 422

Lwin v. INS, 144 F.3d 505 (7th Cir. 1998) ................................................................................... 335

Ly v. Hansen, 351 F.3d 263 (6th Cir. 2003) ................................................................................. 419

M

M–, Matter of, 2 I&N Dec. 721 (BIA, AG 1946) ........................................................................ 154

M–, Matter of, 3 I&N Dec. 850 (BIA 1950) .................................................................................. 57


M–, Matter of, 9 I&N Dec. 118 (BIA 1960) ................................................................................ 112

M–A–B–V–, AXXX XXX 385 (BIA May 24, 2018) ................................................................... 272

Madjakpor v. Gonzales, 406 F.3d 1040 (8th Cir. 2005) .............................................................. 393

Madrigal, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 323 (BIA 1996) .................................................................... 170

Madrigal v. Holder, 716 F.3d 499 (9th Cir. 2013) ....................................................................... 344

Madu v. United States Att'y Gen., 470 F.3d 1362 (11th Cir. 2006) ............................................. 461

M–A–F–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 651 (BIA 2015) ..................................................................... 354

Magana, Matter of, 17 I&N Dec. 111 (BIA 1979) ...................................................................... 408

Maharaj v. Gonzales, 450 F.3d 961(9th Cir. 2006) ..................................................................... 376

Mahn v. United States Att’y Gen., 767 F.3d. 170 (3d. Cir. 2014) ................................................ 156

Majd v. Gonzales, 446 F.3d 590 (5th Cir. 2006) .......................................................................... 385

Maldonado-Cruz, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 509 (BIA 1988) ........................................................ 332

Malty v. Ashcroft, 381 F.3d 942 (9th Cir. 2004) .......................................................................... 438

M–A–M–, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 474 (BIA 2011) .............................................................. 26, 391

Mancilla-Delafuente v. Lynch, 804 F.3d 1262 (9th Cir. 2015) .................................................... 154

Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643 (1961) ............................................................................................... 77

Marcal Neto, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 169 (BIA 2010) ............................................................... 176

Maribel Feliz-Valles, A090 351 513 (BIA May 17, 2018) ............................................................ 54

Marie N. Peli, A099 273 416 (BIA May 31, 2013) ..................................................................... 443

Marin, Matter of, 16 I&N Dec. 581 (BIA 1978) .................................. 209, 218, 238, 246, 250, 255

Marinho, Matter of, 10 I&N Dec. 214 (BIA 1962) .................................................................. 14, 61

Marin-Rodriguez v. Holder, 612 F.3d 591 (7th Cir. 2010) ............................................ 44, 451, 466

Marmolejo-Campos v. Holder, 558 F.3d 903 (9th Cir. 2009) (en banc) .............................. 152, 153

Marron v. United States, 275 U.S. 192 (1927) .............................................................................. 78

Martinez v. INS, 523 F.3d 365 (2d Cir. 2008) .............................................................................. 241

Martinez v. Mukasey, 519 F.3d 532 (5th Cir. 2008) .................................................................... 218

Martinez v. Mukasey, 551 F.3d 113 (2d Cir. 2008) ..................................................................... 551

Martinez v. Sessions, No. 17-1301, (Jun. 15, 2018) ..................................................................... 154

Martinez-Camargo v. INS, 282 F.3d 487 (7th Cir. 2002) .............................................................. 75

Martinez-Garcia, A200 679 434 (BIA May 25, 2018) ................................................................ 143

Martinez-Lopez, Matter of, 10 I&N Dec. 409 (AG 1964) ........................................................... 107

Martinez-Montalvo, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 778 (BIA 2009) ............................................. 176, 200

Martinez-Zapata, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 424 (BIA 2007) ......................................................... 170

Martins v. INS, 972 F.2d 657 (5th Cir. 1992) .............................................................................. 367

M–A–S–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 762 (BIA 2009) .............................................................. 399, 400

Mashiri v. Ashcroft, 383 F.3d 1112 (9th Cir. 2004) ..................................................................... 318

Mata v. Lynch, 135 S. Ct. 2150 (2015) ........................................................................................ 433

Mathews v. Diaz, 426 U.S. 67 (1976) .......................................................................................... 467

Mathis v. United States, 579 U.S. ___, 136 S. Ct. 2243 (2016) ....................... 66, 69, 144, 147, 244


Matovski v. Gonzales, 492 F.3d 722 (6th Cir. 2007) ................................................................... 176

Matter of. See name of party

Mayock v. INS, 714 F. Supp. 1558 (N.D. Cal. 1989) ..................................................................... 28

Mayock v. Nelson, 938 F.2d 1006 (9th Cir. 1991) ......................................................................... 28

McCarthy v. Arndstein, 266 U.S. 34 (1924) .................................................................................. 86

McDonald v. United States, 335 U.S. 451 (1948) .......................................................................... 78

McMullen, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 90 (BIA 1984) ..................................................................... 346

McMullen v. INS, 788 F.2d 591 (9th Cir. 1986) ........................................................................... 370

M–D–, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 1180 (BIA 1998) ....................................................................... 394

M–D–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 540 (BIA 2002) ........................................................... 15, 445, 446

Medina-Rosales v. Holder, 778 F.3d 1140 (10th Cir. 2015) ........................................................ 218

Mei v. Ashcroft, 393 F.3d 737 (7th Cir. 2004) ..................................................................... 152, 156

Mejia, Matter of, 16 I&N Dec. 6 (BIA 1976) ................................................................................ 62

Mejia-Andino, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 533 (BIA 2002) (en banc) ........................... 7, 22, 446, 447

Mejia-Hernandez v. Holder, 633 F.3d 818 (9th Cir. 2011) .......................................................... 303

Mejia-Urbina v. Holder, 597 F.3d 360 (6th Cir. 2010) ................................................................ 371

Melendez-Castro; United States v., 671 F.3d 950 (9th Cir. 2012) ................................................. 20

Melia Howie, A036 367 206 (BIA Apr. 5, 2017) .......................................................................... 58

Melkonian v. Ashcroft, 320 F.3d 1061 (9th Cir. 2003) ................................................................ 433

Mellouli v. Lynch, 135 S. Ct. 1980 (2015) ....................................................... 66, 69, 146, 157, 158

Mendenhall; United States v., 446 U.S. 544 (1980) ................................................................ 77, 81

Mendes, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 833 (BIA 1994) ....................................................................... 194

Mendez, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 296 (BIA 1996) ....................................................... 177, 209, 218

Mendez-Garcia v. Lynch, 840 F.3d 655 (9th Cir. 2016) .............................................................. 267

Mendez-Rojas v. Johnson, No. 2:16-cv-01024-RSM (W.D. Wash. 2016) ................................... 316

Mendoza v. Holder, 606 F.3d 1137 (9th Cir. 2010) ....................................................................... 62

Mendoza v. United States Att'y Gen., 327 F.3d 1283 (11th Cir. 2003) ........................................ 425

Mendoza-Osorio, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 703 (BIA 2016) ................................................. 146, 168

Mendoza-Pablo v. Holder, 667 F.3d 1308 (9th Cir. 2012) .......................................................... 330

Menjivar v. Gonzales, 416 F.3d 918 (8th Cir. 2005) ................................................................... 344

Meridor v. United States Att’y Gen., No. 15-14569, ___ F.3d ___ (11th Cir. June 7, 2018) ....... 227

M–E–V–G–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 227 (BIA 2014) ........................................................ 336, 337

Meza-Vallejos v. Holder, 669 F.3d 920 (9th Cir. 2011) ............................................................... 408

Mezo v. Holder, 615 F.3d 616 (6th Cir. 2010) ..................................................................... 431, 432

M–H–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 46 (BIA 2012) ........................................................................... 366

M–H–Z–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 757 (BIA 2016), aff’d, Hernandez v. Sessions, 884 F.3d 107 (2d Cir. 2018) ........................................................................................................... 102, 374

Michel v. INS, 206 F.3d 253 (2d Cir. 2000) ................................................................................. 154

Milian-Dubon, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 197 (BIA 2010) ............................................................. 148


Mineo v. INS, 19 F.3d 11 (4th Cir. 1994) (unpublished) ................................................................ 74

Ming Chen v. Holder, 722 F.3d 63 (1st Cir. 2013) ...................................................................... 438

Mingkid v. United States Att'y Gen., 468 F.3d 763 (11th Cir. 2006) ........................................... 360

Mingyue Hu, A205-625-592 (BIA May 19, 2017) ....................................................................... 440

Miranda Alvarado v. Gonzales, 449 F.3d 915 (9th Cir. 2006) .................................................... 363

Mirna Molinas-Pena, A097 318 251 (BIA Nov. 10, 2015) ......................................................... 450

Mladineo, Matter of, 14 I&N Dec. 591 (BIA 1974) .................................................................... 429

M–L–M–A–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 360 (BIA 2014) ................................................................ 284

Mogharrabi, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 439 (BIA 1987) ................................................................ 326

Mohamed, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 92 (BIA 2017) ...................................................................... 142

Mohamed v. Holder, 769 F.3d 885 (4th Cir. 2014) ...................................................................... 156

Mohamed v. United States Att’y Gen., 705 F. Appx. 108 (3d Cir. 2017) ..................................... 316

Mohammed v. Gonzales, 400 F.3d 785 (9th Cir. 2005) ............................................... 321, 428, 433

Momeni v. Chertoff, 521 F.3d 1094 (9th Cir. 2008) ..................................................................... 178

Moncrieffe v. Holder, 569 U.S. 184, 133 S. Ct. 1678 (2013) ................. 67, 144, 145, 150, 165, 244

Mondragón v. Holder, 706 F.3d 535 (4th Cir. 2013) ............................................. 67, 150, 161, 300

Monreal, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 56 (BIA 2001) ................................ 211, 212, 222, 269, 270, 271

Montenegro v. Ashcroft, 355 F.3d 1035 (7th Cir. 2004) ................................................................ 65

Montes-Lopez v. Holder, 694 F.3d 1085 (9th Cir. 2012) ............................................................... 32

Montilla v. INS, 926 F.2d 162 (2d Cir. 1991) ................................................................................ 75

Montoya-Silva, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 123 (BIA 2013) ............................................................ 238

Moosa v. INS, 171 F.3d 994 (5th Cir. 1999) .................................................................................. 65

Morales, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 186 (BIA 2010) .............................................................. 267, 268

Morales-Izquierdo v. Gonzales, 486 F.3d 484 (9th Cir. 2007) (en banc) ............................ 121, 128

Morales-Morales v. Ashcroft, 384 F.3d 418 (7th Cir. 2004) ........................................................ 409

Moreira v. Mukasey, 509 F.3d 709 (5th Cir. 2007) ..................................................................... 463

Moreno-Morante v. Gonzales, 490 F.3d 1172 (9th Cir. 2007) .................................................... 267

Mosquera-Perez v. INS, 3 F.3d 553 (1st Cir. 1993) ..................................................................... 367

M–R–A–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 665 (BIA 2008) ....................................... 11, 110, 441, 446, 447

M–S–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 349 (BIA 1998) (en banc) .................................................. 439, 448

M–S–, AXXX XXX 653 (BIA Feb. 12, 2018) ............................................................................. 273

M–S–B–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 872 (BIA 2016) ...................................................................... 360

M–U–, Matter of, 2 I&N Dec. 92 (BIA 1944) ............................................................................. 142

Mueller, Matter of, 11 I&N Dec. 268 (BIA 1965) ....................................................................... 155

Mullane v. Central Hanover Bank & Trust Co., 339 U.S. 306 (1950) ......................................... 444

Munroe, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 428 (BIA 2014) ....................................................................... 194

Murphy v. INS, 54 F.3d 605 (9th Cir. 1995) .................................................................................. 58

Musa v. Lynch, 813 F.3d 1019 (7th Cir. Feb. 19, 2016) .............................................................. 362

Mussie v. United States INS, 172 F.3d 329 (4th Cir. 1999) ......................................................... 376


Mustafa v. Holder, 707 F.3d 743 (7th Cir. 2013) ......................................................................... 333

M–Z–M–R–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 28 (BIA 2012) .................................................................. 322

N

Nabkibuka v. Gonzales, 421 F.3d 473 (7th Cir. 2005) ................................................................. 333

Nabulwala v. Gonzales, 481 F.3d 1115 (8th Cir. 2007) ............................................................... 343

N–A–I–, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 72 (BIA 2017) ......................................................................... 382

N–A–M–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 336 (BIA 2007) ............................................. 366, 367, 368, 369

Namio, Matter of, 14 I&N Dec. 412 (BIA 1973) ......................................................................... 112

National Cable & Telecommc'ns Ass'n v. Brand X Internet Servs., 545 U.S. 967 (2005) ........... 368

Navas v. INS, 217 F.3d 646 (9th Cir. 2000) ......................................................................... 325, 345

Navia-Duran v. INS, 568 F.2d 803 (1st Cir. 1977) .................................................................. 74, 75

N–B–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 590 (BIA 1999) .......................................................................... 442

Ndibu v. Lynch, 823 F.3d 229 (4th Cir. 2016) ............................................................................. 360

Negrete-Ramirez v. Holder, 741 F.3d 1047 (9th Cir. 2014) ........................................................ 218

Negusie v. Holder, 555 U.S. 511 (2009) ...................................................................................... 365

Nehme v. INS, 252 F.3d 415 (5th Cir. 2001) .................................................................................. 56

Nelson, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 410 (BIA 2011) ........................................................................ 243

Nelson v. United States Att'y Gen., 685 F.3d 318 (3d Cir. 2012) ................................................. 262

Nethgani v. Mukasey, 532 F.3d 150 (2d Cir. 2008) ..................................................................... 368

Ng, Matter of, 17 I&N Dec. 536 (BIA 1980) ............................................................................... 111

Ngan, Matter of, 10 I&N Dec. 725 (BIA 1964) ........................................................................... 112

Nguyen v. Holder, 763 F.3d 1022 (9th Cir. 2014) ....................................................................... 157

Nguyen v. INS, 533 U.S. 53 (2001) ................................................................................................ 55

Nguyen v. INS, 991 F.2d 621 (10th Cir. 1993) ............................................................................. 160

Niam v. Ashcroft, 354 F.3d 652 (7th Cir. 2004) ........................................................................... 483

Niang v. Gonzales, 422 F.3d 1187 (10th Cir. 2005) .................................................................... 335

Nielsen v. Preap, 831 F.3d 1193 (9th Cir. 2016), cert. granted, 86 U.S.L.W. 3459 (U.S. Mar. 19, 2018) .............................................. 416

Nijar v. Holder, 689 F.3d 1077 (9th Cir. 2012) ........................................................................... 381

Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 129 S. Ct. 2294 (2009) ..................................................... 65, 149

Nken v. Holder, 556 U.S. 418 (2009) ........................................................................................... 465

N–M–, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 526 (BIA 2011) .......................................................................... 334

N–M–A–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 312 (BIA 1998) ..................................................................... 321

Nnadika v. United States Att'y Gen., 484 F.3d 626 (3d Cir. 2007) .............................................. 461

Norani v. Gonzales, 451 F.3d 292 (2d Cir. 2006) ........................................................................ 437

Novoa-Umania v. INS, 896 F.2d 1 (1st Cir. 1990) ....................................................................... 332

Ntangsi v. Gonzales, 475 F.3d 1007 (8th Cir. 2007) .................................................................... 382


Nunez-Reyes v. Holder, 646 F.3d 684 (9th Cir. 2011) (en banc) ........................................... 68, 142

Nwozuzu, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 609 (BIA 2008) ....................................................................... 55

Nyama v. Ashcroft, 357 F.3d 812 (8th Cir. 2004) .......................................................................... 22

O

O–, Matter of, 6 I&N Dec. 246 (BIA 1954) ................................................................................... 87

Obey, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 856 (BIA 2016), rev’d in part sub nom. Obeya v. Sessions, 884 F.3d 442 (2d Cir. 2018) .............................................................................................. 154

Obshatko, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 173 (BIA 2017) ............................................................ 144, 173

Ocampo, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 1301 (BIA 2000) .................................................................... 397

O–J–O–, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 381 (BIA 1996) .............................................. 209, 210, 211, 287

Okeke v. United States Att'y Gen., 407 F.3d 585 (3d Cir. 2005) .................................................. 241

Okpa v. INS, 266 F.3d 313 (4th Cir. 2001) .................................................................................. 272

Olea-Reyes v. Gonzales, 177 F. Appx. 697 (9th Cir. 2006) ......................................................... 112

Oliva v. Lynch, 807 F.3d 53 (4th Cir. Nov. 25, 2015) ................................................................. 328

Oliva-Ramos v. United States Att'y Gen., 694 F.3d 259 (3d Cir. 2012) ..... 16, 27, 73, 74, 75, 76, 79

Olmos v. Holder, 780 F.3d 1313 (10th Cir. 2015) ....................................................................... 416

Olquin, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 896 (BIA 2006) ........................................................................ 155

Omar v. Lynch, 814 F.3d 565 (1st Cir. 2016) .............................................................................. 432

Ontunez-Tursios v. Ashcroft, 303 F.3d 341 (5th Cir. 2002) ......................................................... 335

Oouch v. DHS, 633 F.3d 119 (2d Cir. 2011) ........................................................................ 147, 462

Orabi v. United States Att'y Gen., 738 F.3d 535 (3d Cir. 2014) .................................................... 65

Orantes-Hernandez v. Gonzales, No. 82-v-01107 (C.D. Cal. Nov. 26, 2007) ............................... 19

Orantes-Hernandez v. Meese, 685 F. Supp. 1488 (C.D. Cal. 1988), aff'd, 919 F.2d 549 (9th Cir. 1990) ......................................................................... 18, 19

Orantes-Hernandez v. Smith, 541 F. Supp. 351 (C.D. Cal. 1982) ................................................. 18

Orelien v. Gonzales, 467 F.3d 67 (1st Cir. 2006) ........................................................................ 343

Orhorhaghe v. INS, 38 F.3d 488 (9th Cir. 1994) ............................................................... 16, 72, 73

Ornelas Chavez v. Gonzales, 458 F.3d 1052 (9th Cir. 2006) ....................................................... 344

Orozco-Velasquez v. United States Att'y Gen., 817 F.3d 78 (3d Cir. 2016) ................................. 262

Ortega-Cabrera, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 793 (BIA 2005) ......................................... 266, 284, 292

Ortega-Marroquin v. Holder, 640 F.3d 814 (8th Cir. 2011) ........................................................ 431

Ortiz-Alfaro v. Holder, 694 F.3d 955 (9th Cir. 2012) .................................................................. 314

Oscar Diaz-Medina, A096-188-908 (BIA Feb. 11, 2016) ........................................................... 448

Oseiwusu, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 19 (BIA 1998) ...................................................................... 417

O–S–G–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 56 (BIA 2006) ........................................................................ 428

Oshodi v. Holder, 729 F.3d 883 (9th Cir. 2013) .................................................................... 21, 316

Osorio v. INS, 18 F.3d 1017 (2d Cir. 1994) ................................................................................. 328


Osorio-Martinez v. United States Att’y Gen., 893 F.3d 153 (3d Cir. 2018) ................................. 468

Ovalles v. Holder, 577 F.3d 288 (5th Cir. 2009) ................................................................. 451, 466

Oxygene v. Lynch, 813 F.3d 541 (4th Cir. 2016) ......................................................................... 385

O–Z– & I–Z–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 23 (BIA 1998) ................................................................ 319

Ozdemir v. INS, 46 F.3d 6 (5th Cir. 1994) ................................................................................... 319

Ozkok, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 546 (BIA 1988) ............................................................................ 65

P

P–, Matter of, 2 I&N Dec. 117 (BIA 1944) ................................................................................. 155

Padilla v. Kentucky, 559 U.S. 356 (2010) ...................................................................................... 47

Padilla-Ramirez v. Bible, 882 F.3d 826 (9th Cir. 2017) .............................................................. 418

Padilla-Romero v. Holder, 611 F.3d 1011 (9th Cir. 2010) .......................................................... 239

Paek, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 403 (BIA 2014), aff'd, 793 F.3d 330 (3d Cir. 2015) ............ 217, 239

Pafe v. Holder, 615 F.3d 967 (8th Cir. 2010) .............................................................................. 444

Pangan-Sis, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 130 (BIA 2017) ................................................................. 109

Papazoglou v. Holder, 725 F.3d 790 (7th Cir. 2013) ................................................................... 218

Parlak v. Holder, 578 F.3d 457 (6th Cir. 2009) ........................................................................... 365

Parrilla v. Gonzales, 414 F.3d 1038 (9th Cir. 2005) ................................................................... 148

Partap v. Holder, 603 F.3d 1173 (9th Cir. 2010) ......................................................................... 267

Parussimova v. Mukasey, 555 F.3d 734 (9th Cir. 2009) .............................................................. 327

Pastor-Hernandez v. Holder, 737 F.3d 902 (4th Cir. 2013) ................................................ 300, 364

Patel, Matter of, 15 I&N Dec. 666 (BIA 1976) ........................................................................... 413

Patel, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 394 (BIA 1986) ........................................................................... 405

Patino, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 74 (BIA 2001) ........................................................................... 422

Paulino Lazcano Cabrera, A097 535 359 (BIA Mar. 15, 2018) ................................................... 79

Paulus, Matter of, 11 I&N Dec. 274 (BIA 1965) ........................................................................ 157

Payton v. New York, 445 U.S. 573 (1980) ............................................................................... 78, 79

Pedro Dominguez-Trillo, A200 760 650 (BIA Feb. 18, 2016) .................................................... 401

Pena, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 613 (BIA 2015) ............................................................................. 13

Perales-Cumpean v. Gonzales, 429 F.3d 977 (10th Cir. 2005) ................................................... 281

Pereira v. Sessions, 585 U.S. ___, 138 S. Ct. 2105 (2018) .. 11, 12, 34, 60, 241, 262, 399, 444, 445

Perez, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 689 (BIA 1999) .......................................................... 238, 241, 263

Perez, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 1325 (BIA 2000) .......................................... 67, 144, 145, 146, 148

Perez v. Mukasey, 516 F.3d 770 (9th Cir. 2008) .......................................................................... 440

Perez-Contreras, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 615 (BIA 1992) ......................................... 151, 152, 170

Perez-Gonzalez v. Ashcroft, 379 F.3d 783 (9th Cir. 2004) .......................................................... 231

Perez-Guzman v. Lynch, 835 F.3d 1066 (9th Cir. 2016), cert. denied sub nom. Perez-Guzman v. Sessions, 138 S. Ct. 737 (2018) .................. 359


Perez-Santana v. Holder, 731 F.3d 50 (1st Cir. 2013) ................................................... 44, 451, 466

Perez-Vargas, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 829 (BIA 2005) .............................................................. 176

Perez-Vargas v. Gonzales, 478 F.3d 191 (4th Cir. 2007) ............................................................ 176

Pergega v. Gonzales, 417 F.3d 623 (6th Cir. 2005) ..................................................................... 391

Perkovick v. INS, 33 F.3d 615 (6th Cir. 1994) ............................................................................. 319

Pervaiz v. Gonzales, 405 F.3d 488 (7th Cir. 2005) ...................................................................... 444

Pichardo, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 330 (BIA 1996) ..................................................................... 170

Pickering, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 621 (BIA 2003) .............................................................. 68, 142

Pierre, Matter of, 15 I&N Dec. 461 (BIA 1975) ......................................................................... 343

Pierre v. Gonzales, 502 F.3d 109 (2d Cir. 2007) ......................................................................... 385

Pierre v. United States Att'y Gen., 528 F.3d 180 (3d Cir. 2008) .................................................. 385

Pieschacon-Villegas v. United States Att'y Gen., 671 F.3d 303 (3d Cir. 2011) ........................... 386

Pilch, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 627 (BIA 1996) ................................................... 209, 210, 211, 287

Pilch v. Ashcroft, 353 F.3d 585 (7th Cir. 2003) ................................................................... 304, 450

Pina-Galindo, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 423 (BIA 2014) .............................................................. 264

Pino v. Landon, 349 U.S. 901 (1955) ............................................................................................ 64

Pinzon, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 189 (BIA 2013) ........................................................ 115, 131, 154

Pitcherskaia v. INS, 118 F.3d 641 (9th Cir. 1997) ....................................................... 317, 326, 329

Planes v. Holder, 652 F.3d 991 (2011), petition for reh'g denied, 686 F.3d 1033 (9th Cir. 2012) 64

Polanco, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 894 (BIA 1994) ...................................................................... 366

Ponce-Hernandez, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 784 (BIA 1999) ..................................................... 7, 62

Ponta-Garcia v. United States Att'y Gen., 557 F.3d 158 (3d Cir. 2009) ...................................... 128

Portillo-Gutierrez, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 148 (BIA 2009) ....................................................... 267

Pouhova v. Holder, 726 F.3d 1007 (7th Cir. 2013) ......................................................................... 4

Poveda v. United States Att'y Gen., 692 F.3d 1168 (11th Cir. 2012) ........................................... 218

Prasad v. INS, 47 F.3d 336 (9th Cir. 1995) ................................................................................. 319

Preap v. Johnson, 831 F.3d 1193 (9th Cir. 2016), cert. granted, 86 U.S.L.W. 3459 (U.S. Mar. 19, 2018) .............................................. 416

Pretzantzin v. Holder, 736 F.3d 641 (2d Cir. 2013) ....................................................................... 28

Pruidze v. Holder, 632 F.3d 234 (6th Cir. 2011) ........................................................................... 44

P–S–H–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 329 (BIA 2014) ...................................................................... 382

Puc-Ruiz v. Holder, 629 F.3d 771 (8th Cir. 2010) ....................................................... 16, 72, 73, 75

Puello v. BCIS, 511 F.3d 324 (2d Cir. 2007) ................................................................................. 64

Pula, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 467 (BIA 1987) .................................................................... 345, 346

Putro v. Lynch, 828 F.3d 578 (7th Cir. July 7, 2016) .................................................................. 194


Q

Qi Hua Li v. Holder, 354 F. Appx. 46 (5th Cir. 2009) ................................................................. 438

Qili Qu v. Gonzales, 399 F.3d 1195 (9th Cir. 2005) .................................................................... 321

Quijada-Coto, Matter of, 13 I&N Dec. 740 (BIA 1971) ............................................................. 200

Quilantan, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 285 (BIA 2010) ....................................................... 8, 128, 131

Quintero-Salazar v. Keisler, 506 F.3d 688 (9th Cir. 2007) .......................................................... 155

Quitanilla v. Holder, 758 F.3d 570 (4th Cir. 2014) ............................................................. 300, 364

R

R–A–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 906 (BIA 1999) ........................................................................... 338

Rafiq v. Gonzales, 468 F.3d 165 (2d Cir. 2006) ........................................................................... 386

Rainford, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 598 (BIA 1992) ..................................................................... 177

Rajah, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 127 (BIA 2009) .................................................................... 32, 186

Rajwayi v. Sessions, 692 F. Appx. 815 (9th Cir. 2017) ............................................................... 432

Ramadan v. Gonzales, 479 F.3d 646 (9th Cir. 2007) ................................................................... 459

Ramaj v. Gonzales, 466 F.3d 520 (6th Cir. 2006) .......................................................................... 39

Ramirez-Canales v. Mukasey, 517 F.3d 904 (6th Cir. 2008) ....................................................... 231

Ramirez-Canenguez v. Holder, 528 F. Appx. 853 (10th Cir. 2013) ............................................. 316

Ramirez-Rivero, Matter of, 18 I&N Dec. 135 (BIA 1981) .................................................... 65, 142

Ramirez-Sanchez, Matter of, 17 I&N Dec. 503 (BIA 1980) .......................................................... 84

Ramirez-Villalpando v. Holder, 601 F.3d 891 (9th Cir. 2010) .................................................... 167

Ramos, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 336 (BIA 2002) ......................................................................... 428

Ramos v. Holder, 660 F.3d 200, 203-06 (4th Cir. 2011) ............................................................. 117

Ramos; United States v., 12 F.3d 1019 (11th Cir. 1994) ............................................................... 78

Ramos v. United States Att’y Gen., 709 F.3d 1066 (11th Cir. 2013) ........................................... 146

Ramos-Bonilla v. Mukasey, 543 F.3d 216 (5th Cir. 2008) ........................................................... 433

Recinas, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 467 (BIA 2002) ....................................................................... 270

Reid v. Donelan, 819 F.3d 486 (1st Cir. 2016) ............................................................................ 419

Reid v. INS, 420 U.S. 619 (1975) ................................................................................................. 115

Reilly; United States v., 33 F.3d 1396 (3d Cir. 1994) .................................................................... 70

Ren v. Holder, 648 F.3d 1079 (9th Cir. 2011) ............................................................................. 393

Rendon v. Holder, 588 F.3d 669 (9th Cir. 2010) ........................................................................... 15

Reno v. American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee, 525 U.S. 471 (1999) .................. 463, 489

Reno v. Catholic Social Servs., Inc., See Catholic Social Servs., Inc. v. Meese; League of United Latin Am. Citizens v. INS

Reno v. Flores, 507 U.S. 292 (1993) ......................................................................................... 4, 15

Renteria-Ledesma v. Holder, 615 F.3d 903 (8th Cir. 2010) ........................................................ 615

Reyes v. Lynch, 835 F.3d 556 (6th Cir. 2016) .............................................................................. 155


Reyes v. Lynch, 842 F.3d 1125 (9th Cir. 2016), cert. denied sub nom. Reyes v. Sessions, 138 S. Ct. 736, 199 L. Ed. 2d 604 (2018) .. 337

Reyes Mata v. Lynch, 576 U.S. __ (2015) ...................................................................................... 18

Reyes-Oropesa; United States v., 596 F.2d 399 (9th Cir. 1979) .................................................... 81

Reyes-Vasquez v. Ashcroft, 354 F.3d 942 (8th Cir. 2004) ............................................................ 409

Reyes-Vasquez v. Ashcroft, 395 F.3d 903 (8th Cir. 2005) ............................................................ 410

Reza-Murillo, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 296 (BIA 2010) .............................................................. 240

Richardson, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 226 (BIA 2010) ......................................................... 145, 163

Richmond, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 779 (BIA 2016) ................................................................... 115

Rico, Matter of, 16 I&N Dec. 181 (BIA 1977) .................................................................... 143, 158

Ridore v. Holder, 696 F.3d 907 (9th Cir. 2012) ........................................................................... 426

Riley v. INS, 310 F.3d 1253 (10th Cir. 2002) ............................................................................... 431

Rioja v. Ashcroft, 317 F.3d 514 (5th Cir. 2003) ........................................................................... 424

Rivas, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 130 (BIA 2013) ........................................................................... 219

Rivens, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 623 (BIA 2011) ................................................. 9, 13, 92, 157, 417

Rivera v. Holder, 307 F.R.D. 539 (W.D. Wash. 2015) ................................................................ 411

Rivera v. Lynch, 816 F.3d 1064 (9th Cir. 2015) ........................................................................... 156

Rivera-Barrientos v. Holder, 666 F.3d 641 (10th Cir. 2012) ....................................................... 336

Rivera-Moreno v. INS, 213 F.3d 481 (9th Cir. 2000) .......................................................... 332, 333

Roberts v. Holder, 745 F.3d 928 (8th Cir. 2014) ......................................................................... 218

Robinson, Matter of, 16 I&N Dec. 762 (BIA 1979) .................................................................... 156

Rocha, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 944 (BIA 1995) ......................................................................... 158

Rochin v. California, 342 U.S. 165 (1952) .................................................................................... 72

Rodriguez, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 784 (BIA 2012) ................................................................... 217

Rodriguez v. INS, 841 F.2d 865 (9th Cir. 1987) ........................................................................... 326

Rodriguez v. Mukasey, 519 F.3d 773 (8th Cir. 2008) .................................................................. 114

Rodriguez v. Robbins, 715 F.3d 1127 (9th Cir. 2013), rev’d & remanded, Jennings v. Rodriguez, 538 U.S. ___, 138 S. Ct. 830 (2018) ...... 419

Rodriguez v. United States, 575 U.S. __ (2015) ............................................................................ 82

Rodriguez-Diaz, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 1320 (BIA 2000) .................................................. 42, 422

Rodriguez Galicia v. Gonzales, 422 F.3d 529 (7th Cir. 2005) ....................................................... 15

Rodriguez-Herrera v. INS, 52 F.3d 238 (9th Cir. 1995) .............................................................. 156

Rodriguez-Lariz v. INS, 282 F.3d 1218 (9th Cir. 2002) ............................................................... 434

Rodriguez-Mancias v. Sessions, No. 17-1264, slip op (4th Cir. May 14, 2018) .......................... 341

Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 991 (BIA 1999) ......................................... 145, 163

Rodriguez-Tejedor, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 153 (BIA 2001) ........................................... 55, 56, 58

Rohas Paredes v. United States Att'y Gen., 528 F.3d 196 (3d Cir. 2008) ...................................... 65

Rohit v. Holder, 670 F.3d 1085 (9th Cir. 2012) ........................................................................... 155

Rojas, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 117 (BIA 2001) .................................................................. 416, 426


Rojas v. Holder, 704 F.3d 792 (9th Cir. 2012) ............................................................................. 397

Rojas v. Johnson, 305 F. Supp. 3d 1176 (W.D. Wash. 2018) ...................................................... 355

Roldan, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 512 (BIA 1999) .......................................................................... 68

Romalez-Alcaide, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 423 (BIA 2002) ................................................ 264, 265

Romero Rodriguez v. United States Att'y Gen., 131 F. Appx. 203 (11th Cir. 2005) .................... 343

Rosales v. BICE, 426 F.3d 733 (5th Cir. 2005) ............................................................................ 459

Rosario v. Holder, 627 F.3d 58 (2d Cir. 2010) ............................................................................ 281

Rosas-Ramirez, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 616 (BIA 1999) ........................................................... 130

Rose, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 181 (BIA 2010) ............................................................................ 194

Rosiles-Camarena v. Holder, 735 F.3d 534 (7th Cir. 2013) ........................................................ 426

Rowe, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 962 (BIA 2006) ........................................................................... 480

Roy Alberto Ramirez Calderon, A200-423-316 (BIA Mar. 9, 2017) ........................................... 432

R–R–, Matter of, 3 I&N Dec. 823 (BIA 1949) ............................................................................. 122

Ruiz v. United States Att'y Gen., 440 F.3d 1247 (11th Cir. 2006) ................................................ 469

Ruiz–Lopez, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 551 (BIA 2011), aff’d, Ruiz-Lopez v. Holder, 682 F.3d 513 (6th Cir. 2012) ........................................ 156

Ruiz-Martinez v. Mukasey, 516 F.3d 102 (2d Cir. 2008) ............................................................. 367

Ruiz Reyes, A207 198 666 (BIA Aug. 15, 2017) (unpublished) .................................................. 397

Ruiz-Vidal v. Gonzales, 473 F.3d 1072 (9th Cir. 2007) ............................................................... 157

Ruqiang Yu v. Holder, 693 F.3d 294 (2d Cir. 2012) .................................................................... 334

S

S–, Matter of, 3 I&N Dec. 617 (BIA 1949) ................................................................................. 156

S–A–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 1328 (BIA 2000) ................................................................. 331, 344

Saakian v. INS, 252 F.3d 21 (1st Cir. 2001) ................................................................................ 433

Sacramento, County of v. Lewis, 523 U.S. 833 (1998) .................................................................. 75

Saenz-Gomez; United States v., 472 F.3d 791 (10th Cir. 2007) ..................................................... 64

Safaie v. INS, 25 F.3d 636 (8th Cir. 1994) ................................................................................... 335

St. Cyr; INS v., 533 U.S. 289 (2001) ................................................ 7, 237, 252, 253, 257, 457, 458

S–A–K– & H–A–H–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 464 (BIA 2008) ................................................... 324

Saldarriaga v. Gonzales, 402 F.3d 461 (4th Cir. 2005) ............................................................... 332

Saldivar v. Sessions, 877 F.3d 812 (9th Cir. 2017) ...................................................................... 240

Salgado-Sosa v. Sessions, 882 F.3d 451 (4th Cir. 2018) .............................................................. 341

Saliba v. United States Att'y Gen., 828 F.3d 182 (3d Cir. 2016) .................................................. 111

Salim v. Lynch, 831 F.3d 1133 (9th Cir. 2016) ............................................................................ 438

Sall v. Gonzales, 437 F.3d 229 (2d Cir. 2006) ............................................................................. 376

Sama v. United States Att’y Gen., 887 F.3d 1225 (11th Cir. 2018) ............................................. 319

Samayoa-Martinez v. Holder, 558 F.3d 897 (9th Cir. 2009) ......................................................... 74


Sanchez, Matter of, 17 I&N Dec. 218 (BIA 1980) ...................................................................... 219

Sanchez, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 223 (BIA 1990) ...................................................................... 412

Sanchez v. Sessions, 885 F.3d 782 (4th Cir. 2018) .................................................................... 5, 73

Sanchez; United States v., 635 F.2d 47 (2d Cir. 1980) .................................................................. 81

Sanchez v. United States Att'y Gen., 392 F.3d 434 (11th Cir. 2004) ............................................ 333

Sanchez-Cornejo, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 273 (BIA 2010) ........................................................ 164

Sanchez-Herbert, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 43 (BIA 2012) ............................................................. 43

Sanchez-Linn, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 362 (BIA 1991) .............................................................. 197

Sanchez-Llamas v. Oregon, 548 U.S. 331 (2006) .......................................................................... 74

Sanchez-Lopez, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 71 (BIA 2012), overruled in part, Matter of Sanchez-Lopez, 27 I&N Dec. 256 (BIA 2018) ...... 172, 247

Sanchez-Medina, A087 944 781 (BIA June 27, 2014) ................................................................ 401

Sanchez Sosa, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 807 (BIA 2012) ................................................................ 32

S– & B–C–, Matter of, 9 I&N Dec. 436 (AG 1960) .................................................................... 111

Sandoval, Matter of, 17 I&N Dec. 70 (BIA 1979) ......................................................................... 74

Sang Goo Park v. United States Att’y Gen., 846 F.3d 645 (3d Cir. 2017) ........................... 304, 450

Sangha v. INS, 103 F.3d 1482 (9th Cir. 1997) ..................................................................... 332, 343

Sankoh v. Mukasey, 539 F.3d 456 (7th Cir. 2008) ......................................................................... 21

Saul Rincon-Garcia, A034-338-426 (BIA Nov. 27, 2017) .......................................................... 432

Saysana, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 602 (BIA 2008) ...................................................................... 416

Scatambuli v. Holder, 558 F.3d 53 (1st Cir. 2009) ...................................................................... 336

Scorteanu v. INS, 339 F.3d 407 (6th Cir. 2003) ........................................................................... 444

S–E–G–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 579 (BIA 2008) ...................................................... 335, 336, 337

Seidi Elda Sandoval Landero, A088-056-174 (BIA Nov. 20, 2015) ........................................... 444

Sejas, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 236 (BIA 2007) ................................................................... 152, 153

Sembiring v. Gonzales, 499 F.3d 981 (9th Cir. 2007) .................................................................. 447

S.E.R.L. v. United States Att’y Gen., 894 F.3d 535 (3d Cir. 2018) .............................................. 337

Serna, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 579 (BIA 1992) .................................................................. 154, 156

Serna-Lara, A201 070 135 (BIA Apr. 2, 2015) ........................................................................... 494

Sessions v. Dimaya, 584 U.S. ___, 138 S. Ct. 1204 (2018) ................................................. 165, 245

Sessions v. Morales-Santana, 137 S. Ct. 1678 (2017) ................................................................... 55

S–H–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 462 (BIA 2002) ................................................................... 423, 426

Shaar, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 541 (BIA 1996) .......................................................................... 407

Shaar v. INS, 141 F.3d 953 (9th Cir. 1998) ......................................................................... 406, 407

Shanu, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 754 (BIA 2005) .......................................................................... 240

Shepard v. United States, 544 U.S. 13 (2005) ......................................................................... 66, 69

Shirdel, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 33 (BIA 1984) .......................................................................... 112

Shivaraman v. Ashcroft, 360 F.3d 1142 (9th Cir. 2004) .............................................................. 130

Short, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 136 (BIA 1989) ....................................................... 67, 68, 152, 153


Sibrun, Matter of, 18 I&N Dec. 354 (BIA 1983) ........................................................................... 36

Sierra, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 288 (BIA 2014) .................................................................... 67, 150

Silitonga, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 89 (BIA 2009) ....................................................................... 176

Silva-Trevino, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 550 (AG 2015) ................................................................. 66

Silva-Trevino, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 826 (BIA 2016) .............................................. 150, 152, 155

Silverthorne Lumber v. United States, 251 U.S. 385 (1920) .......................................................... 72

Silvia-Rengifo v. United States Att'y Gen., 473 F.3d 58 (3d Cir. 2007) ....................................... 386

Simarmata v. Holder, 752 F.3d 79 (1st Cir. 2014) ....................................................................... 438

Simmonds, A034 062 738 (BIA Mar. 24, 2014) .......................................................................... 257

Simmons v. United States, 390 U.S. 377 (1968) ............................................................................ 85

Sindona v. Grant, 619 F.2d 167 (2d Cir. 1980) ........................................................................... 370

Singh, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 998 (BIA 1997) .......................................................................... 442

Singh v. Gonzales, 432 F.3d 533 (3d Cir. 2006) ............................................................................ 15

Singh v. Holder, 638 F.3d 1196 (9th Cir. 2011) ........................................................................... 461

Singh v. Holder, 750 F.3d 84 (1st Cir. 2014) ............................................................................... 322

Singh v. INS, 213 F.3d 1050 (9th Cir. 2000) ................................................................................ 442

Singh v. INS, 295 F.3d 1037 (9th Cir. 2002) ........................................................................ 442, 443

Singh v. Moschorak, 53 F.3d 1031 (9th Cir. 1995) ...................................................................... 321

Singh v. Mukasey, 553 F.3d 207 (2d Cir. 2009) ............................................................................. 75

Singh v. United States Att'y Gen., 807 F.3d 547 (3d Cir. 2015) ................................................... 243

Siniauskas, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 207 (BIA 2018) .................................................................. 413

Sinotes-Cruz v. Gonzales, 468 F.3d 1190 (9th Cir. 2006) ............................................................ 241

Siwe v. Holder, 742 F.3d 603 (5th Cir. 2014) .............................................................................. 382

S–K–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 936 (BIA 2006) ........................................................................... 102

S–L–M–L–, AXXX XXX 703 (BIA Sept. 29, 2017) (unpublished) ............................................ 248

S–M–J–, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 722 (BIA 1997) .............................................................. 328, 392

Smolniakova v. Gonzales, 422 F.3d 1037 (9th Cir. 2005) ............................................................ 393

Soadjede v. Ashcroft, 324 F.3d 830 (5th Cir. 2003) ..................................................................... 425

Socop-Gonzalez v. INS, 272 F.3d 1176 (9th Cir. 2001) (en banc) ............................................... 431

Solon, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 239 (BIA 2007) .................................................................. 152, 153

Sopo v. United States Att'y Gen., 825 F.3d 1199 (11th Cir. 2016) ............................................... 419

Soram, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 378 (BIA 2010) ......................................................................... 172

Sorcia v. Holder, 643 F.3d 117 (4th Cir. 2011) ........................................................................... 459

Soriano, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 516 (BIA 1996) ....................................................................... 251

Sotelo, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 201 (BIA 2001) .................................................................. 238, 246

Sotelo-Aquije v. Slattery, 17 F.3d 33 (2d Cir. 1994) .................................................................... 326

Sotnikau v. Lynch, 846 F.3d 731 (4th Cir. 2017) ......................................................................... 153

S–S–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 458 (BIA 1999) .............................................................................. 65

S–S–E–, AXXX XXX 896 (BIA Apr. 3, 2018) ........................................................................... 409


Stanovsek v. Holder, 768 F.3d 515 (6th Cir. 2014) ...................................................................... 218

Stepanovic v. Filip, 554 F.3d 673 (7th Cir. 2009) ........................................................................ 281

Stevic; INS v., 467 U.S. 407 (1984) ............................................................................. 316, 361, 407

Stone v. INS, 514 U.S. 386 (1995) ............................................................................................... 464

Suarez-Valenzuela v. Holder, 714 F.3d 241 (4th Cir. 2013) ........................................................ 386

Sugiarto v. Holder, 761 F.3d 102 (1st Cir. 2014) ........................................................................ 438

Suh, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 626 (BIA 2003) ............................................................................. 169

Sukhdev Singh, A209-154-612 (BIA Aug. 25, 2017) .................................................................. 440

Sullivan; United States v., 128 F.3d 126 (4th Cir. 1998) ......................................................... 77, 81

Sunday v. United States Att’y Gen., 832 F.3d 211 (3d Cir. 2016) ................................................ 227

Sung v. Keisler, 505 F.3d 372 (5th Cir. 2007) ............................................................................. 176

S–V–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 1306 (BIA 2000) ......................................................................... 386

S–Y–G–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 247 (BIA 2007) ...................................................................... 438

Sylvain v. United States Att'y Gen., 714 F.3d 150 (3d Cir. 2013) .......................................... 41, 416

T

Tamenut v. Mukasey, 521 F.3d 1000 (8th Cir. 2008) (en banc) (per curiam) ...................... 304, 450

Tang, Matter of, 13 I&N Dec. 691 (BIA 1971) ....................................................................... 84, 85

Tapucu v. Gonzales, 399 F.3d 736 (6th Cir. 2005) ...................................................................... 116

Tarubac v. INS, 182 F.3d 1114 (9th Cir. 1999) ........................................................................... 328

Tashnizi v. INS, 585 F.2d 781 (5th Cir. 1978) ............................................................................... 74

Taylor v. United States, 495 U.S. 575 (1990) ................................................................ 66, 144, 145

Teixeira, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 316 (BIA 1996) .............................................................. 148, 170

Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 (1968) ....................................................................................... 76, 77, 82

Texas; United States v., 136 S. Ct. 906 (2016) ............................................................................ 495

Theodros v. Gonzales, 490 F.3d 396 (5th Cir. 2007) ................................................................... 114

Thomas, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 20 (BIA 1995) ............................................................. 64, 65, 396

Thomas v. Gonzales, 409 F.3d 1177 (9th Cir. 2005) (en banc), vacated, 547 U.S. 183 (2006) ... 335

Thomas v. INS, 976 F.2d 786 (1st Cir. 1992) ............................................................................... 440

Tijam, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 408 (BIA 1998) .................................................................. 111, 220

Tima, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 839 (BIA 2016) ........................................................................... 233

Tin, Matter of, 14 I&N Dec. 371 (Reg'l Commr. 1971) ............................................................... 231

T–M–H– & S–W–C–, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 193 (BIA 2010) .................................................. 356

Tobar-Lobo, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 143 (BIA 2007) ................................................................ 156

Toboso-Alfonso, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 819 (BIA 1990) .......................................................... 335

Tokatly v. Ashcroft, 371 F.3d 613 (9th Cir. 2004) ....................................................................... 150

Tolasa v. Ashcroft, 384 F.3d 906 (7th Cir. 2004) ......................................................................... 333

Toro, Matter of, 17 I&N Dec. 340 (BIA 1980) .............................................................. 6, 15, 16, 74


Torres v. Lynch, 136 S. Ct. 1619 (2016) ...................................................................................... 144

Torres-Garcia, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 866 (BIA 2006) .................................................... 121, 231

Torres-Varela, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 78 (BIA 2001) ............................................................... 153

Tovar v. United States Att'y Gen., 646 F.3d 1300 (11th Cir. 2011) ............................................. 398

Tran, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 291 (BIA 1996) ............................................................................ 153

Turkson v. Holder, 667 F.3d 523 (4th Cir. 2012) ............................................................................. 6

T–Z–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 163 (BIA 2007) ................................................................... 317, 318

U

U–H–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 355 (BIA 2002) .......................................................... 159, 373, 374

Umanzor-Alvarado v. INS, 896 F.2d 14 (1st Cir. 1990) .............................................................. 332

United States v. See name of opposing party

United States ex rel. See name of related party

Urena, Matter of, I&N Dec. 140 (BIA 2009) .............................................................................. 413

Uritsky v. Gonzales, 399 F.3d 728 (6th Cir. 2005) ...................................................................... 142

V

V–A–C–, AXXX XXX 523 (BIA Nov. 15, 2017) (unpublished) ................................................. 248

Vaduva v. INS, 131 F.3d 689 (7th Cir. 1997) ............................................................................... 317

Vahora v. Holder, 641 F.3d 1038 (9th Cir. 2011) ........................................................................ 357

Vajtauer, United States ex rel. v. Comm'r, 273 U.S. 103 (1927) ................................................... 74

Valadez-Munoz v. Holder, 623 F.3d 1304 (9th Cir. 2010) ................................................... 112, 115

Valdiviezo-Galdamez v. United States Att'y Gen., 663 F.3d 582 (3d Cir. 2011) .................. 336, 337

Valdovinos-Lopez v. United States Att’y Gen., 628 F. Appx. 817 (3d Cir. 2015) ........................ 432

Valenzuela-Felix, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 53 (BIA 2012) ...................................................... 13, 93

Valenzuela Gallardo v. Lynch, 818 F.3d 808 (9th Cir. 2016) ...................................................... 168

Valeros v. INS, 387 F.2d 921 (7th Cir. 1967) ................................................................................ 74

Valles, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 769 (BIA 1997) .......................................................................... 412

Vannak Sot, A096 718 092 (BIA Mar. 13, 2014) ........................................................................ 136

Vargas-Hernandez v. Gonzales, 497 F.3d 919 (9th Cir. 2007) .................................................... 142

Vartelas v. Holder, 566 U.S. 257 (2012) ............................................................... 7, 9, 62, 253, 417

Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C. Cir. 1973) .......................................................................... 30

Vaz Dos Reis v. Holder, 606 F.3d 1 (1st Cir. 2010) ..................................................................... 444

Vega–Ayala v. Lynch, 833 F.3d 34 (1st Cir. 2016) ...................................................................... 339

Velarde, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 253 (BIA 2002) ............................................................... 407, 427

Velasco, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 143 (BIA 2009) ....................................................... 400, 406, 465

Velasquez, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 377 (BIA 1986) ............................................................... 34, 37


Velasquez, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 278 (BIA 2010) ........................................................... 146, 166

Vella, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 138 (BIA 2017) ........................................................................... 218

Veloz-Luvevano v. Lynch, 799 F.3d 1308 (10th Cir. 2015) .......................................................... 154

Verdugo-Urquidez; United States v., 494 U.S. 259 (1990) ............................................................ 72

Vides Casanova, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 494 (BIA 2015) .......................................................... 364

Viegas v. Holder, 699 F.3d 798 (4th Cir. 2012) ........................................................................... 102

Vieira Garcia v. INS, 239 F.3d 409 (1st Cir. 2001) ..................................................................... 142

Vigil, Matter of, 19 I&N Dec. 572 (BIA 1988) ............................................................................ 332

Vilanova-Gonzalez, Matter of, 13 I&N Dec. 399 (BIA 1969) ..................................................... 426

Vilchez v. Holder, 682 F.3d 1195 (9th Cir. 2012) ........................................................................ 459

Vilchiz-Soto v. Holder, 688 F.3d 642 (9th Cir. 2012) .................................................................. 460

Villa-Anguiano v. Holder, 727 F.3d 873 (9th Cir. 2013) ............................................................. 128

Villalta, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 142 (BIA 1990) ................................................................ 326, 344

Villarreal-Zuniga, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 886 (BIA 2006) ............................................... 177, 253

Villatoro v. Holder, 760 F.3d 872 (8th Cir. 2014) ....................................................................... 156

Villegas v. Mukasey, 523 F.3d 984 (9th Cir. 2008) .............................................................. 385, 386

Vitug v. Holder, 723 F.3d 1056 (9th Cir. 2013) ........................................................................... 426

V–K–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 500 (BIA 2008) .......................................................................... 426

Vladimirova v. Ashcroft, 377 F.3d 690 (7th Cir. 2004) ............................................................... 317

V–M–B–B–, AXXX XXX 723 (BIA March 27, 2015) (unpublished) ......................................... 248

V–R–F–, AXXX XXX 988 (BIA July 25, 2017) (unpublished) .................................................. 256

Vukmirovic v. Ashcroft, 362 F.3d 1247 (9th Cir. 2004) ............................................................... 365

V–Z–S–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 1338 (BIA 2000) ..................................................................... 145

W

W–A–F–C–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 880 (BIA 2016) ................................................................... 23

Waldron v. INS, 17 F.3d 511 (2d Cir. 1993) .................................................................................. 75

Walter v. United States, 447 U.S. 649 (1980) ................................................................................ 78

Walters v. Reno, 145 F.3d 1032 (9th Cir. 1998), cert. denied, 119 S. Ct. 1140 (Mar. 8, 1999) ...................................................... 118, 136

Wang; INS v., 450 U.S. 139 (1981) ..................................................................................... 210, 287

Weeks v. United States, 232 U.S. 383 (1914) ................................................................................. 77

Wei v. Mukasey, 545 F.3d 1248 (10th Cir. 2008) ......................................................................... 438

Welsh v. Wisconsin, 466 U.S. 740 (1984) ...................................................................................... 78

Weng v. Holder, 562 F.3d 510 (2d Cir. 2009) .............................................................................. 365

Werner, Matter of, 25 I&N Dec. 45 (BIA 2009) .......................................................................... 412

West, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 1405 (BIA 2000) .......................................................................... 416

W–F–, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 503 (BIA 1996) .......................................................................... 442


W–G–R–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 208 (BIA 2014) ............................................................. 336, 337

William v. Gonzales, 499 F.3d 329 (4th Cir. 2007) ....................................................... 44, 451, 466

Wilmore v. Gonzales, 455 F.3d 524 (5th Cir. 2006) .................................................................... 281

Winsor; United States v., 846 F.2d 1569 (9th Cir. 1988) ............................................................... 80

Wong, Matter of, 13 I&N Dec. 820 (BIA 1971) ............................................................................ 85

Wong Kim Ark; United States v., 169 U.S. 649, (1898) ................................................................. 54

Wong Sun v. United States, 371 U.S. 471 (1963) ..................................................................... 72, 78

Wong Yang Sung v. McGrath, 339 U.S. 33 (1950) ........................................................................ 15

Woodby v. INS, 385 U.S. 276 (1966) ............................................................. 13, 57, 58, 63, 92, 130

Wu, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 8 (BIA 2017) .................................................................................. 152

W–Y–C– & H–O–B–, Matter of, 27 I&N Dec. 189 (BIA 2018) .................................................. 342

W–Y–U–, 27 I&N Dec. 17 (BIA 2017) ................................................................................ 186, 225

X

X–G–W–, Matter of, 22 I&N Dec. 71 (BIA 1998) ....................................................................... 431

Xiu Zhen Zheng v. Holder, 548 F. Appx. 869 (4th Cir. 2013) ..................................................... 438

X–K–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 731 (BIA 2005) .................................................................. 314, 418

XXX–XXX–XXX, Matter of (U.S. Immigration Judge Philip T. Williams, Baltimore, Md., Aug. 5, 2010) ............. 73

Y

Yamataya v. Fisher, 189 U.S. 86 (1903) ................................................................................ 15, 444

Yanez-Marquez v. Lynch, 789 F.3d 434, 2015 U.S. App. LEXIS 10107 (4th Cir. 2015) .. 16, 73, 76

Yang v. Gonzales, 478 F.3d 133 (2d Cir. 2007), .......................................................................... 434

Yang Zhao-Cheng v. Holder, 721 F.3d 25 (1st Cir. 2013) ........................................................... 437

Yan Yan Lin v. Holder, 584 F.3d 75 (2d Cir. 2009) ..................................................................... 364

Yau, Matter of, 14 I&N Dec. 630 (BIA 1974) ............................................................................... 82

Y–C–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 286 (BIA 2002) ........................................................................... 356

Y.C. v. Holder, 741 F.3d 324 (2d Cir. 2013) ................................................................................ 332

Yerger, Ex parte, 8 Wall 85 (1869) .............................................................................................. 457

Yewondwosen, Matter of, 21 I&N Dec. 1025 (BIA 1997) ................................................... 448, 449

Y–G–, Matter of, 20 I&N Dec. 794 (BIA 1994) .......................................................... 111, 343, 409

Y–L–, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 151 (BIA 2007) ........................................................................... 360

Y–L–, A–G–, & R–S–R–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 270 (AG 2002) ...................................... 369, 386

Y–N–P–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 10 (BIA 2012) ................................................................ 276, 285

Yousefi v. INS, 260 F.3d 318 (4th Cir. 2001) ............................................................................... 367

Y–T–L–, Matter of, 23 I&N Dec. 601 (BIA 2003) ....................................................................... 321


Yuen Jin v. Mukasey, 538 F.3d 143 (2d Cir. 2008) ...................................................................... 438

Yusupov v. United States Att'y Gen., 518 F.3d 185 (3d Cir. 2008) ...................................... 159, 371

Yusupov v. United States Att'y Gen., 650 F.3d 968 (3d Cir. 2011) .............................................. 371

Z

Zadvydas v. Davis, 533 U.S. 678 (2001) ................................................................................ 15, 418

Zakivov v. Ashcroft, 384 F.3d 541 (8th Cir. 2004) ....................................................................... 317

Zambrano v. INS, 509 U.S. 918 (1993) ........................................................................................ 313

Zambrano v. Sessions, 878 F.3d 84 (4th Cir. 2017) ............................................................. 341, 353

Zavaleta-Policiano v. Sessions, 873 F.3d 241 (4th Cir. 2017) ..................................................... 341

Zeleniak, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 158 (BIA 2013) ...................................................................... 268

Zermeno v. Lynch, 835 F.3d 514 (5th Cir. 2016) ......................................................................... 231

Zhang v. Holder, 617 F.3d 650 (2d Cir. 2010) ..................................................................... 457, 466

Zhang v. Mukasey, 509 F.3d 313 (6th Cir. 2007) ......................................................................... 130

Zhao v. Gonzales, 440 F.3d 405 (7th Cir. 2005) .......................................................................... 438

Zheng v. Ashcroft, 332 F.3d 1186 (9th Cir. 2003) ....................................................................... 386

Zheng v. Holder, 698 F.3d 710 (8th Cir. 2012) ............................................................................ 371

Zheng v. United States Dep't of Justice, 409 F.3d 43 (2d Cir. 2005) ........................................... 433

Zhong Guang Sun v. United States Dep't of Justice, 421 F.3d 105 (2d Cir. 2005) ...................... 422

Zhou Hua Zhu v. United States Att'y Gen., 703 F.3d 1303 (11th Cir. 2013) ................................ 426

Zmijewska, Matter of, 24 I&N Dec. 87 (BIA 2007) .................................................................... 404

Zolotukhin v. Gonzales, 417 F.3d 1073 (9th Cir. 2005) ................................................................. 15

Z–Z–O–, Matter of, 26 I&N Dec. 586 (BIA 2015) ...................................................................... 426

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