TABLE OF CONTENTS

Conference Overview Chart Gray Pages including maps of Memorial Union & Stewart Center

General Information 1-6

Conference Logistics 1-3 Transportation 4 Social Events 5 Plenary Sessions 5-6 Accompanying Persons Program 6

Compressor Engineering Conference Technical Program 7 Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Conference Technical Program 18

Registration for the Conference Register for the conferences in the East Foyer of the Stewart Center on July 16-17, 2006. Registration is available at Room 110, Stewart Center from 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. on any other day after Monday, July 17th

. Registration fee includes attendance at any session for either conference, a CD-ROM containing the proceedings for both conferences, copies of 20 papers, the Monday evening Reception, Tuesday Luncheon and Wednesday night’s Steak Barbeque at The Trails. Conference Office

Conference Office is located in Room 306 in the Stewart Center; Telephone Number: 765/ 494-8828.

Messages will be posted on bulletin boards in Room 306 throughout the conferences. Drinks are available daily in Room 306. No food is provided in the Conference Office. Conference attendees are reminded to clear all tables and dispose of trash, bottles and

cans that can be recycled in the proper containers provided. Paper Center The Paper Center is located in Room 302, Stewart Center. Attendees may obtain copies of the conference papers by presenting the tickets from their attendees’ bags. Additional CD-ROMs may be purchased during the conference at the Paper Center. Printed proceedings may be available during the conferences. Printed proceedings may be ordered at the Paper Center for delivery AFTER the conferences. The Paper Center can also help you with shipping needs.

Operation Hours: Sunday afternoon 4:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. Monday 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Tuesday 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Wednesday 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Thursday 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.

Tickets: Each attendee receives tickets for 20 free papers. Additional tickets available for $1 per paper

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Banks and Credit Union Located Near the Purdue Campus (With ATM’s) Union Planters Bank, Stadium Square Center, 728 Northwestern Avenue, West Lafayette, IN Telephone – 476-8205; Monday-Thursday 9:00 AM – 5:00 PM; Friday 9:00 AM – 6:00 PM Chase Bank, Chauncey Village, 210 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN Telephone – 423-0412 Monday – Friday 9:00 AM – 6:00 PM; Saturday 9:00 AM – 2:00 PM Purdue Employees Federal Credit Union

Purdue Memorial Union at Northwestern Avenue and Garfield Streets At Both Locations Monday – Friday 9:00 AM – 5:30 PM Saturday 9:00 AM – 12:00 Noon For Both Locations Call Telephone – 497-8272 (ATM’s at the above locations are available 24 hours a day)

Breakfast for Presenters, Chairpersons and Vice Chairpersons A complimentary breakfast is scheduled in the Purdue Memorial Union, West Faculty Lounge for presenters of technical papers scheduled for each day along with the Session Chairpersons and Vice Chairpersons. (Check the Conference Overview Chart in this book for times.). It is important to attend the breakfast. Presentations will be loaded onto laptops at this time and you will meet your Session Chairperson and Vice Chairperson. Instructions concerning audio/visual/projection systems and technical session organization will be addressed. Presenters should attend the breakfast only on the day of their scheduled presentation. If you have presentations scheduled for different days, you should attend the breakfast each day so that you can meet your Session Chairperson and the other Presenters. If you are the Presenter in more than one session on the same day, please meet both Session Chairpersons. If you are a Presenter but not an author of a technical paper, you should be the person who attends this breakfast so that you may alert the Chairperson and Mrs. Freeman that you are the Presenter. Computer and Internet Access Computers and Internet access will be available in the Conference Office, Room 306. Computers will be available for viewing conference CDs and accessing the Internet. Information that allows wireless access may be obtained in Room 306. Access to the computers will be limited and you may be asked to allow other attendees access if you exceed the posted time limit. There are no printers in Room 306. (See Printers for information on where you can find printers) Conference Venues Advisory Committee Meetings Holiday Inn Select & Stewart Center ASHRAE Student Meetings Herrick Laboratories Author Breakfasts Purdue Memorial Union, West Faculty Lounge Conference Office & Breaks Stewart Center, Room 306, 3rd Floor Herrick Labs Tours Herrick Labs on Tuesday & Thursday IIR Meetings Stewart Center, Room 311 Luncheon Purdue Memorial Union, North & South Ballroom Meeting Rooms Stewart Center, 2nd Floor Opening Session Stewart Center, Loeb Theatre Paper Room Stewart Center, Room 302, 3rd Floor Plenary Sessions Stewart Center, Fowler Hall Reception Holiday Inn Select-Lafayette City Center, Lafayette Steak Barbeque The Trails, Burnetts Road, West Lafayette

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Directions to The Herrick Laboratories Exit Stewart Center on the Loeb Theatre side, go out the door, turn left, walk toward State Street. At the stop light on State Street, turn right (west), walk down State Street about four blocks. Turn left at the stoplight at the corner of Russell and State Streets, walk south on Russell about half a block, turn right (west) at the round-shaped Grounds Building. Walk west past the Grounds Building and enter the Herrick Laboratories at the main entrance (east). Maps are available in Room 306. Display Center There will be several tables available in the Conference Office/Refreshment Room, Stewart Center, Room 306. Please check with Mrs. Freeman before displaying any material on these tables. No commercialism is allowed. Ordering Proceedings and Conference Materials You may order additional 2006 CD-ROMs for $100 each and the printed proceedings of each conference for $75 per conference. You may pay for the 2006 CDs and printed proceedings at the Paper Room in Stewart Center, Room 302. You can order prior conference and short course materials at Purdue’s Printing Services Department. Printing Services is located in a building near the Herrick Laboratories. Check the Purdue campus map for accurate location. Directions to Printing Services from the Stewart Center are as follows: From the West side of Stewart Center, go out the door, turn left, go to the stop light, turn right (west), walk down State Street until you reach the stop light at Russell Street. Turn left, crossing State Street (going south), pass the round Grounds Building, the new building construction and then turn right at Printing Services. Ask for Marti Hatke-Oteham. Parking Parking is available in garages on the Purdue campus. The Grant Street Garage is the closest garage to the Purdue Memorial Union and Stewart Center. Guests at the Purdue Memorial Union can park free. Do not park in marked parking spaces or you will be ticketed. Pictures and Videotaping During the Conferences & Picture Phones Conference attendees may not take pictures, videotapes, nor use picture phones at any presentation without the consent of the author or presenter. An official photographer will be taking pictures during the conferences. Printing, Copying and Faxing Attendees may print from a CD/disk/memory stick, make copies and send faxes at The BoilerCopy Maker in the Purdue Memorial Union, Second Floor. Charges vary for the different services. Program Format The technical programs are continuous. In case of a “no show”, presentations will be moved up in the schedule. Temperatures Inside & Outside During the Conferences Outside summer temperatures in Indiana are usually between 75-95˚ and very humid. Room temperatures in technical session rooms are often cool for our European visitors; come prepared! Time during Conferences The time in Indiana is Eastern Daylight Time. (Same time as New York City in the summer.)

Transportation During the Conference The Conference Hotels will provide shuttle service between the hotels and the Purdue Memorial Union. They do not operate on a regular schedule so you may call for pick-up service. The Greater Lafayette Transit System’s buses and trolleys will also be available. See the schedule below and in your attendee packet. Trolley Route HOURS Weekday Daytime – 11 a.m. to 5 p.m. every 15 minutes Weekday Evenings – 5 to 9 p.m., every 15 minutes Monday Evening – the Trolley will run until 10 p.m. Saturdays - 10 a.m. to 5 p.m., every 15 minutes

Hotel Locations on the Map & Telephone Contact Numbers University Inn Conference Center & Suites 765/463-5511 (Located on U.S. 52, West) C The Union Club Hotel at Purdue University 765/494-8900 G Holiday Inn Select-Lafayette City Center 765/423-1000 B Hilton Garden Inn – West Lafayette Wabash Landing 765/743-2100 C University Residences 765/494-0926 (Located at “C” across the street from Union) Limo Service to Airports Lafayette Limo Service provides service to and from the 765/497-3828 Indianapolis International Airport. Express Air Coach provides shuttle service to and from the 765/743-3120 Chicago O’Hare Airport. (Schedules are available in Room 306). Attendees must contact the companies themselves. Taxi Cab Service City Cab 765/477-1234 Four Star Taxi 765/742-5585 Train Service Amtrak 800/872-7245 Riehle Plaza/Big Four Depot, 200 North 2nd Street Greyhound Bus 800/231-2222 Riehle Plaza/Big Four Depot, 200 North 2nd Street Rental Cars Available in Area See List in Room 306

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Monday, July 17th – Reception at the Holiday Inn Select, City Centre, Lafayette, Indiana The reception will be held from 6:00 to 7:30 p.m. at the Holiday Inn Select, City Centre in Downtown Lafayette. Shuttle buses will depart from the Grant Street Parking Garage between 5:30 and 6:00 p.m. transporting attendees and guests to the reception. Attendees may also use CityBus and the Trolleys or walk to the Reception. The Conference Hotels’ shuttles, CityBus and the Trolleys will be available after the Reception for return to the Conference Hotels. Some local restaurants and bars are open on Monday evenings. See the list in your Attendees’ bag. Tuesday, July 18th – Luncheon – Purdue Memorial Union, North & South Ballrooms The luncheon will be held from 11:45 a.m. to 1:30 p.m. Sponsored by Glacier Garlock Bearings, North America, New Jersey. There will be speakers from the IIR, ASHRAE and Purdue University with other interesting activities that you won’t want to miss. Wednesday, July 19th – Steak BBQ – The Trails Banquet Facility, West Lafayette The informal steak barbeque will be held from 6 p.m. to dusk. Sponsored by Emerson Climate Technologies/Copeland Corporation, Ohio. Buses will begin departing from the Grant Street Parking Garage entrance across from the Union Club Hotel at 5:30 p.m. The last bus will leave at approximately 6:20 p.m. for the barbeque. The buses will return attendees and guests to the Purdue Memorial Union, University Inn, Holiday Inn Select and the Hilton Garden Inn after the barbeque. Directions: From Grant Street Parking Garage, exit on North Street, turn left. Turn right on Grant Street, turn right on Northwestern Avenue (stop light) immediately curve left on Wiggins Street. Follow US 231 (on right) down the hill to State Road 43 North. Turn left on State Road 43 North. Proceed 5-1/2 miles to Burnetts Road, turn right. The Trails will be on your right.

PLENARY SESSIONS

MONDAY, July 17, 2006 ● 10:00 − 11:45 a.m. ● Opening Session, Welcome and Keynote Address (Loeb Theatre, Stewart Center) Keynote Speaker ─ Dr. Samchul Ha, Vice President and Director of Digital Appliance Laboratory, LG Electronics, Inc., Seoul, Korea, will give the keynote speech, "Intelligent HVAC Systems for a Better Environment”. TUESDAY, July 18, 2006 ● 8:00 − 9:00 a.m. ● Plenary Session (Fowler Hall, Stewart Center) Plenary Speaker ─ Professor Michael J. Moran, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio will speak on “Energy and Power, Challenges and Pathways”.

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WEDNESDAY, July 19, 2006 ● 8:00 − 9:00 a.m. ● Plenary Session (Fowler Hall, Stewart Center) ─ Dr. Werner Soedel, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University will speak on “How I Learned to Love Compressors”. THURSDAY, July 20, 2006 8:00 − 9:00 a.m. Plenary Session (Fowler Hall, Stewart Center) Professor Alberto Cavallini, University of Padova, Padova, Italy, will speak on “In-tube Condensation Performance of Refrigerants”.

Social Program for Accompanying Persons

Accompanying Persons Program $50 each day Time: 9:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. (approximate times) Meet each day at the front door of the Purdue Memorial Union, Grant Street Entrance Sign up at Stewart Center, Room 110 Tamara Groll will host the two-day accompanying persons program. There is a separate theme for each day so someone can attend one or both days. Lunch and transportation will be provided. Accompanying persons are welcome at the technical sessions and the various social functions related to the conferences and short courses. However, there are additional charges for the social functions; these are listed on the Registration Form. Tuesday the group will visit the Herrick Laboratories and the Envision Center, Purdue University, have lunch in Downtown Lafayette, tour the Tippecanoe County Courthouse and end with a demonstration on bow making and discussion of flower arranging at Julie’s Flowers. (Julie’s Flowers is owned by Dr. James Braun’s wife). Wednesday, the group will tour Historic Prophetstown and enjoy an old-fashioned lunch in the farmhouse. Then they will travel to Battle Ground and visit the historic Shoup House Antiques and Scott Frankenberger’s pottery studio.

Check the website for any updated details.

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All sessions will be in Stewart Center unless otherwise noted.

INTERNATIONAL COMPRESSOR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE TECHNICAL PROGRAM

Chair ─ Eckhard A. Groll, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University Program Chair ─ Douglas Adams, Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University Paper Presenter, Session Chairpersons & Vice Chairpersons Breakfast If you are the Presenter of a paper, a Session Chairperson or a Vice Chairperson, please attend the complimentary breakfast on the day of your presentation(s). Presentations will be loaded onto laptops at this time. Final instructions will be given concerning how the session will be conducted and you will meet the other Presenters and Chairperson in your session. If you are the Presenter in more than one session on the same day, please contact both Session Chairpersons. Presentations at the Conference Each Presenter will have fifteen minutes for presentation and five minutes for discussion. If time permits, the Session Chairperson may extend the discussion period. No Videotaping,Pictures or Picture Phones are Allowed Without the Author’s Permission.

MONDAY ─ JULY 17, 2006

Check the Conference Overview Chart for details about the Technical Session Breakfast, Opening Session, Reception and Advisory Committee Meeting

1:00-3:00 p.m. MONDAY AFTERNOON C-1: CO2 Compressors I Room 202 Chairperson: Travis Horton, Tecumseh Products, USA

C014 Development of Carbon Dioxide Rotary Compressor: Nelik Dreiman and Rick Bunch,

Tecumseh Products Company, USA C056 Development of the Compressor for CO2 Heat Pump with the Single Rotary

Mechanism: Hideaki Maeyama, Tetsuhide Yokoyama and Hideto Nakao, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Japan

C076 Experiences with Application of a CO2 Reciprocating Piston Compressor for a Heat Pump Water Heater: Jeffrey J. Nieter, United Technologies Research Center, USA

C100 Development of the High Efficiency and Low Noise Swing Compressor for CO2 Heat Pump Water Heater: Masahide Higuchi, Hideki Mori, Hiroyuki Taniwa, Kazuo Ida, and Yasukazu Nabetani, Daikin Industries Ltd., Japan

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C123 Noise and Vibration Studies in a CO2 Compressor: Edmar Baars, Edson Miguel,

Luciano Silva, Otavio Santini, and Ricardo Maciel, Embraco S.A., Brazil C-2: CFD Modeling of Compressors I Room 214 A & B Chairperson: Robert Bernhard, Purdue University, USA

C002 Liquid Contamination Effect on the Pressure Pulsations Simulation in Volumetric

Compressor Manifold: Piotr Cyklis and Ryszard Kantor, Politechnika Krakowska, Poland C032 CAE/CFD Application for Linear Compressor: Kwangha Suh, Daenyoung Heo, and

Hyeongseok Kim, LG Electronics Inc., Korea C072 Use of CFD in Design and Development of R404A Reciprocating Compressor:

Yogesh V. Birari, Sanjay S. Gosavi and Pavan P. Jorwekar, Kirloskar Copeland Limited, India

C012 On the Structure of Compressor Gas Leakage Flows: Jan Prins, Danfoss A/S, Denmark

3:20–5:20 p.m. MONDAY AFTERNOON Technical Sessions C-3: CO2 Compressors II Room 202 Chairperson: George Gatecliff, Tecumseh Products

C116 Numerical Study and Experimental Comparison of CO2 Reciprocating Compressors

for Small Cooling and/or Freezing Capacity Applications: Joaquim Rigola, G. Raush, Carlos D. Perez-Segarra and Assensi Oliva, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Spain

C131 Experimental Performance of Prototype Carbon Dioxide Compressors: Thomas Christen, Beat Hubacher, Stefan S. Bertsch and Eckhard A. Groll, Purdue University, USA

C140 Deformation Control of Scroll Compressor for CO2 Refrigerant: Akira Hiwata, Yoshiyuki Futagami, Takashi Morimoto and Hideki Murakami, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Japan; Noriaki Ishii, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Japan

C060 Feasibility of a R744 Compressor for Light Commercial Appliances: Joaquim Jover, M. Jornet, J. Pons and J. M. Serra, ACC Spain, S.A., Spain

C148 Port Optimization of a Voorhees Modified CO2 Compressor Using Indicator Diagram Analysis: Klaus Lambers and Jürgen Süss, Danfoss A/S, Denmark; Jürgen Köhler, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany

C-4: CFD Modeling of Compressors II Room 214 A & B Chairperson: Ray Cohen, Purdue University, USA

C099 Numerical Analysis of Refrigerant Flow in Housing Case of Scroll Compressors:

Toshihiro Suzuki, Sumio Shiochi and Toshiyuki Toyama, Daikin Industries, Ltd., Japan C113 Analysis of Lubricant Sloshing in a Rail Compressor Application: Bellur G. Shiva

Prasad, Emerson Climate Technologies/Copeland Corporation, USA

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C149 The Use of CAD/CAE Tools in Compressor Development Focusing Structural Analysis: Rinaldo Puff, Marcos Giovani Dropa de Bortoli, Raul Bosco, Jr. and Eduardo L. Gaertner, Embraco S.A., Brazil

C081 System Identification in the Presence of Noise: Hubert Bukac and Alex A. Bukac, Little Dynamics, Inc., USA

C-5: Swash/Wobble Plate Compressors Room 214 C & D Chairperson: Curt Slayton, International LLC, USA

C065 Analysis on Anti-Rotating Mechanism of New Symmetrical Wobble Plate

Compressor: Zair Asrar Ahmad, Ainullotfi Abdul Latif, Ardiyansyah Syahrom and Md. Nor Musa, Technical University of Malaysia, Malaysia

C077 Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis of Gas Pulsations in the Suction Manifold of a Multi-Cylinder Automotive Compressor: Nasir Bilal and Douglas Adams, Purdue University, USA: Jeongil Park, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Korea

C112 Effect of Modification in Refrigerant Passage of an Automotive Air Conditioning Compressor: Rajesh Kashyap and Atul Chouthai, Subros Limited, India

C124 New Symmetrical Multi-Stage Wobble-Plate Compressor: Ardiyansyah Syahrom, Md. Nor Musa, Zair Asrar Ahmad and Ainullotfi Abdul Latif, University of Malaysia, Malaysia

TUESDAY ─ JULY 18, 2006

Check the Conference Overview Chart for details about the Technical Session Breakfast, Plenary Session, IIR Commission Meetings, Luncheon and Herrick Laboratories’ Tour

9:20–11:45 a.m. TUESDAY MORNING C-6: Scroll Compressors I Room 202 Chairperson: Gene Fields, Scroll Technologies, USA

C031 A Study of Designing 35RT Aluminum Alloy Scroll Compressor: Yuehju Tang,

Chunchung Yang and Yuchoung Chang, Industrial Technology Research Institute, P. R. China

C051 Structure Design of a Scroll Compressor Using CAE Analysis: Byung-Kil Yoo, Byeong-Chul Lee, Myungkyun K. Kiem and Sung-Chun Kim, LG Electronics, Inc., Korea

C059 Development of High Performance 3D Scroll Compressor: Taichi Tateishi, Haijime Sato, Hiroyuki Kobayashi and Hisao Mizuno, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Japan

C074 Novel Geometrical Model of Scroll Compressors for the Analytical Description of the Chamber Volumes: Benjamin Blunier, University of Technology of Belfort-Montbéliasd, France; Giansalvo Cirrincione, University of Picardie-Jules Verne, France; Abdellatif Miraoui, University of Technology of Belfort-Montbéliasd, France

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C110 Investigation of Suction Process of Scroll Compressors: Michael M. Cui and Jack Sauls, Trane, USA

C080 The Theory of a Scroll Profile: Hubert Bukac, Little Dynamics, Inc., USA C-7: Noise Reduction Technologies I Room 214 A & B Chairperson: Patricia Davies, Purdue University, USA

C024 Sound Quality Evaluation of Hermetic Compressors Using Artificial Neural

Networks: Claudio de Pellegrini and Edmar Baars, Embraco S/A, Brazil C030 Investigation on the Pressure Pulsation in the Discharge Muffler of Rotary

Compressors: Yikai Yuan and Jianhua Wu, Xi’an Jiaotong University, P.R. China; Jingtao Yang and Qiang Gao, Guangdong Meizhi Compressor Co., Ltd. P. R. China

C039 Sound Field Numerical Analysis of a Hermetic Compressor Cavity: Diego Masotti, Alisson Luis Roman and Arcanjo Lenzi, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil; Edmar Baars, Embraco S/A., Brazil

C082 Acoustic Filters: Part I: Design and Analysis: Hubert Bukac, Little Dynamics, Inc., USA C057 Measurement of Gas Pulsation in the Discharge Line of a Compressor for HVAC:

Method to Calculate the Progressive Acoustic Wave From the Compressor and Reflected Wave From the Installation: Pierre Poysat and Olivier Liegeois, Copeland S/A, Belgium

C045 Acoustics of Suction Mufflers with Multiple Chambers: Christian Svendsen, Danfoss Compressors GmbH, Germany

1:30–3:30 p.m. TUESDAY AFTERNOON C-8: Rotary Compressors I Room 202 Chairperson: Katherine Peterson, Purdue University, USA

C005 Motion Analysis of Compact Rotating Cylinder Compressor: Nelik Dreiman and Rick

Bunch, Tecumseh Products Company, USA C015 A Theoretical Model and Experimental Validation of a Sliding Vane Rotary

Compressor: Roberto Cipollone, University of L’Aquila, Italy; Giulio Contaldi, Ing. Enea Mattei, S.p.A, Italy; Antonio Sciarretta, University of L’Aquila, Italy; Raffaele Tufano, Ing. Enea Mattei, S.p.A., Italy; Carlo Villante, University of L’Aquila, Italy

C016 Production Test of Rotary Compressors Using Wavelet Analysis: Haishui Jin, Hongqiang Xiao and Haoyong Fa, Shanghai Hitachi Electrical Application Co., Ltd., P. R. China

C095 Reduction of Oil Discharge for Rolling Piston Compressor Using CO2 Refrigerant: Takeshi Ogata, Hiroshi Hasegawa, Atsuo Okaichi and Fumitoshi Nishiwaki, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Japan

C141 Theoretical Analysis of a Novel Rotary Compressor: Miguel E. Jovane, James E. Braun and Eckhard A. Groll, Purdue University, USA; Seungun Lee, LG Electronics, Korea

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C-9: Noise Reduction Technologies II Room 214 A & B Chairperson: Stuart Bolton, Purdue University, USA

C055 Noise Reduction of Commercial Applications: Compressor Approach: Marcio

Silveira, Fabian Fagotti, Marcos G. Dropa de Bortoli and Raul Bosco, Jr., Embraco S/A, Brazil

C064 A Study on Noise Radiation from Compressor Shell: Wongul Hwang and Ilkwon Oh, Chonnam National University, Korea; Byounggu Kim, Sungwoo Park and Kio Ryu, Samsung Gwangju Electronics Co., Ltd., Korea

C083 Acoustic Filters: Part II: The Four-Microphone Method of Experimental Verification of Acoustic Characteristics of Mufflers: Hubert Bukac, Little Dynamics, Inc., USA

C070 Optimization of Suction Muffler Using Taguchi’s DOE Method: Sanjay S. Gosavi, Vinayak M. Juge and Mayur M. Nadgouda, Kirloskar Copeland Limited, India

C101 Experimental Investigation of Sound Pressure Levels Variation During Modulation of a Compressor in a Unit – Case Study: Parag H. Mathuria and Macinissa Mezache, Emerson Climate Technologies/Copeland Corporation, USA

C-10: CO2 Compressors III & Expanders Room 214 C & D Chairperson: Ray Cipra, Purdue, USA

C104 Numerical Simulation on Scroll Expander-Compressor Unit for CO2 Trans-Critical

Cycles: Hyunjin Kim and Jongmin Ahn, University of Incheon, Korea; Sungouk Cho and Kyungrae Cho, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Korea

C130 Sub-Critical Operation of the CO2 Expander/Compressor: Josef Riha, Hans Quack and Joerg Nickl, Technical University Dresden, Germany

C138 Positive Displacement Carbon Dioxide Expansion Machines - Changes and Limitations -: Horst Kruse, Hans Rüssmann and Eduardo Martin, FKW GmbH, Germany; Rainer Jakobs, IZW, Germany

C097 Development and Performance Analysis of a Two Cylinder Rolling Piston Expander for Transcritical CO2 System: Jan Yang, Li Zhang and Yumei J. Shi, Shanghai Hitachi Electrical Appliances Co., Ltd., P. R. China

C109 Performance of Scroll Expander for CO2 Refrigeration Cycle: Mitsuhiro Fukuta, Tadashi Yanagisawa, Osamu Kosuda and Yasuhiro Ogi, Shizuoka University, Japan

4:00–6:00 p.m. TUESDAY AFTERNOON C-11: Scroll Compressors II Room 202 Chairperson: Jack Sauls, The Trane Company

C090 Scroll Plate Optimization Based on GA-PSO: Bin Peng, Jun Wang and Zhenquan Liu,

Lanzhou University of Technology, P. R. China C091 Effects of Refrigerant Injection on the Scroll Compressor: Baolong Wang, Xianting

Li, Wenxin Shi and Qisen Yan, Tsinghua University, P. R. China

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C105 Experimental Study of the Integration of a Scroll Expander Into a Heat Recovery Rankine Cycle: Vincent Lemort, Ion Vladut Teodorese and Jean Lebrun, University of Liege, Belgium

C156 Horizontal Scroll Compressor for Transport Applications: John P. Elson and Shawn W. Vehr, Emerson Climate Technologies/Copeland Corporation, USA

C144 Three-Crankshaft-Driven Scroll Compressor: Pierre Ginies, Christophe Ancel and Rémi Bou Dargham, Danfoss Commercial Compressor Division, France

C-12: New Compressor Concepts I Room 214 A & B Chairperson: Michael Cui, The Trane Company

C007 Two-Stage Linear Compressor with Economizer Cycle Where Piston(s) Stroke(s) are

Varied to Optimize Energy Efficiency: Doron Shapiro and Clay Rohrer, Ingersoll-Rand Climate Control, USA

C046 Design and Friction Analysis of the Revolving Vane Compressor: Y. L. Teh and Kim Tiow Ooi, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

C047 Geometrical Optimisation of the Revolving Compressor: Kim Tiow Ooi and Y. L. Teh, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

C068 Innovative Free-Piston Compressor Based on Generalized Conception of Compressors Driven by an Oscillating Electrical Motor: Sigitas Kudarauskas, Rimantas Didziokas and Loreta Simanyniene, Klaipeda University, Lithuania

C134 Wet Compression of Pure Refrigerants: Carlos A. Infante Ferreira, D. Zaytsev and C. Zamfirescu, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

C152 A New Model for an Electrostatically Actuated Miniature-Scale Diaphragm Compressor for Electronics Cooling: Abhijit A. Sathe, Lorenzo Cremaschi, Eckhard A. Groll and Suresh V. Garimella, Purdue University, USA

WEDNESDAY ─ JULY 19, 2006

Check the Conference Overview Chart for details about the Technical Session Breakfast, Plenary Session, IIR Commission Meetings and Steak Barbeque

9:20–11:45 a.m. WEDNESDAY MORNING C-13: New Compressor Concepts II Room 202 Chairperson: Travis Horton, Tecumseh Products, USA

C150 Bowtie Compressor With Novel Capacity Modulation Part 1: Design Description

and Model Development: Junhyeung Kim and Eckhard A. Groll, Purdue University, USA

C151 Bowtie Compressor With Novel Capacity Modulation Part 2: Model Validation and Parametric Studies: Junhyeung Kim and Eckhard A. Groll, Purdue University, USA

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C009 Magnetizing Method for the Post-Assembly Magnetization of a Hermetic DC Compressor: Chihchung Lo, Chunchung Yang, Ann Huang and Yuchoung Chang, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Taiwan

C129 Design of Latching System of Capacity Modulation Compressor for Refrigeration: Jinkook Kim, Kyoungjun Park, Kyeongho Kim and Youngju Bae, LG Electronics Inc., Korea

C158 Development of Air Pump for Fuel Cells: Tatsuya Nakamoto, Atsushi Sakuda, Kiyoshi Sawai and Noboru Iida, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd, Japan; Noriaki Ishii, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Japan

C106 New Design and Rotor Retrofit to Improve Capacity and Performance of Refrigeration Screw Compressors: Zhiqiang Wang and Weimin Zhang, Dalian Refrigeration Co., Ltd., P.R. China; Nikola Stosic, Ahmed Kovacevic, Ian K.Smith and Elvedin Mujic; The City University of London, United Kingdom

C-14: Lubrication Issues in Compressors Room 214 A & B Chairperson: Sonny Sundaresan, Emerson Climate Technologies/Copeland Corporation, USA

C135 Numerical Analysis for Mixed Lubrication in Journal Bearings of Rotary

Compressors: Takuya Hirayama, Kazuhiko Miura, Hitoshi Hattori and Yasutaka Ito, Toshiba Corporation, Japan

C137 Mixed Lubrication Analysis of Vane Sliding Surface in Rotary Compressor Mechanisms: Yasutaka Ito, Hitoshi Hattori, Kazuhiko Miura and Takuya Hirayama, Toshiba Carrier Corporation, Japan

C026 Visual Techniques to Quantify Behavior of Oil Droplets in a Scroll Compressor: Toshiyuki Toyama, Hideki Matsuura and Yoshiaki Yoshida, Daikin Industries, Ltd., Japan

C033 High Pressure Investigation of Refrigerants HFC245fa, R134a and R123: Bo O. Jacobson, Lund University, Sweden; Guillermo E. Morales Espejel, SKF Engineering & Research Centre, The Netherlands

C159 Tribology of Protective Hard Coatings for Use in Oil-Less, Piston-Type Compressors: Timothy A. Solzak and Andreas A. Polycarpou, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

C023 Performance Evaluation of Nano-Lubricants at Thrust Slide-Bearing of Scroll Compressors: Jaekeun Lee and Hongseok Kim, Pusan National University, Korea; Byeongchul Lee and Jinsung Park, LG Electronics Inc., Korea

1:00-3:00 p.m. WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON C-15: Reciprocating Compressors I Room 202 Chairperson: Jack Elson, Emerson Climate Technologies/ Copeland Corporation, USA

C069 Evaluation of N-Butane as a Potential Refrigerant for Household Compressors:

Preben Bjerre and Per Larsen, Danfoss Compressors GmbH, Germany

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C078 Domain Decomposition Method for 3-Dimensional Simulation of the Piston Cylinder Section of a Hermetic Reciprocating Compressor: Zainal Abidin, Raimund Almbauer, Adolf Burgstaller and Daniel Nagy, Graz University of Technology, Austria

C079 3-Dimensional Simulation for Obtaining the Heat Transfer Correlations of a Thermal Network Calculation for a Hermetic Reciprocating Compressor: Raimund Almbauer, Adolf Burgstaller, Zainal Abidin, and Daniel Nagy, Graz University of Technology, Austria

C071 Cylinder Head Gasket Contact Pressure Simulation for a Hermetic Compressor: Pavan P. Jorwekar, Yogesh V. Birari and Mayur M. Nadgouda, Kirloskar Copeland Limited, India

C019 SCR Reduction of Refrigerator Compressor Through DFR Approach: Srinivas Yennetl, Venkat Moola, H. M. Kang and Manjunath Bhosale, LG Electronics India Pvt. Ltd, India

C-16: Compressor Valve Designs I Room 214 A & B Chairperson: John J. Jacobs, Carrier Corporation, USA

C029 Development of a Two-Dimensional Finite Element Model of a Suction Valve for

Reduction of Pressure Pulsation in the Suction Manifold of a Multi-Cylinder Automotive Compressor: Jeongil Park, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Korea; Nasir Bilal and Douglas E. Adams, Purdue University, USA

C053 A Two-Dimensional Simulation Model for Reciprocating Compressors with Automatic Valves: Fred F. S. Matos, Embraco, Brazil; Carlos. J. Deschamps and Alvaro Toubes Prata, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil

C054 A Simplified Numerical Methodology for the In-Cylinder Flow at the Top-Center Crank Position: F. A. Ribas, Jr., Embraco, Brazil; Carlos J. Deschamps, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil

C088 Influence of Material Orientation on the Fatigue Properties of Flapper Valve: Martin Mueller, Gustaf Zetterholm and Guocai Chai, Sandvik Materials Technology, Sweden

3:20–5:20 p.m. WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON C-17: Scroll Compressors III Room 202 Chairperson: Jack Elson, Emerson Climate Technologies/ Copeland Corporation, USA

C118 Numerical Simulation and Experimental Comparison of Refrigeration and Air

Conditioning Scroll Compressors. Application to Trans-Critical Carbon Dioxide Cycles: J. Rovira, Joaquim Rigola, Asseni Oliva and Carlos D. Perez-Segarra, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Spain

C127 Leakage Tests of Wet CO2 Gas with Oil-Mixture in Scroll Compressors and Its Use in Simulations of Optimal Performance: Noriaki Ishii and Tatsuya Oku, Osaka Electro-Communication University; Japan; Charles W. Knisely, Bucknell University, USA; Tora Aya, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Japan; Keiko Anami, Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Japan; Kiyoshi Sawai and Noboru Iida, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Japan

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C128 Optimal Performance Design Method of Thrust Slide-Bearing in Scroll Compressors for Maximum Efficiency: Tatsuya Oku, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Japan; Keiko Anami, Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Japan; Noriaki Ishii, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Japan; Kiyoshi Sawai, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Japan; Charles W. Knisely, Bucknell University, USA: Takashi Morimoto and Akira Hiwata, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Japan

C136 Analysis of Scroll Thrust Bearing: Masao Akei, Hong Teng and Kirill M. Ignatiev, Emerson Climate Technologies/Copeland Corporation, USA

C-18: Compressor Valve Designs II Room 214 A & B Chairperson: Doug Adams, Purdue University, USA

C107 Valve Dynamic Analysis of a Hermetic Reciprocating Compressor: Junghyoun Kim

and Semyung Wang, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Korea; Sungwoo Park, Kioh Ryu and Jongpill La, Samsung Gwangju Electronics, Inc., Korea

C122 Transient Modeling of Flows Through Suction Port and Valve Leaves of Hermetic Reciprocating Compressors: Husnu Kerpicci and Emre Oguz, Arcelik A.S., Turkey

C004 Analyses of Residual Stresses on Stamped Valves by X-Ray Diffraction and Finite Elements Method: Jairo Aparecido Martins, Barnes Precision Valves - Brazil Division, Brazil; Fieden O. Neves and Sergio T. Button, J. A. Fraymann and Leisander P. Cardoso, State University of Campinas UNICAMP, Brazil

C041 Estimation of Motor Startup Speed Profile Using Low-Resolution Timing Signals and Motor Speed-Torque Curve: Jianxiong Chen, Emerson Climate Technologies/Copeland Corporation, USA

THURSDAY ─ JULY 20, 2006

Check the Conference Overview Chart for details about the Technical Session Breakfast,

Plenary Session, Advisory Committee Meeting, Herrick Laboratories’ Tour

9:20–11:45 a.m. THURSDAY MORNING C-19: Screw Compressors I Room 202 Chairperson: Jean-Luc Caillat, Emerson Climate Technologies/ Copeland Corporation, USA

C010 The Influence of Discharge Ports on Rotor Contact in Screw Compressors: Nikola

Stosic, E. Mujic, Ahmed Kovacevic and Ian K. Smith, The City University, United Kingdom

C011 Cycle-Resolved Velocity Measurements Within a Screw Compressor: J. M. Nouri, D. Gueratto, Nikola Stosic, Ahmed Kovacevic and C. Arcoumanis, The City University, United Kingdom

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C027 Transient Thermal Analysis of Screw Compressors, Part I: Use of Thermodynamic

Simulation to Determine Boundary Conditions for Finite Element Analyses: Jack Sauls, Gordon Powell and Bob Weathers, Trane, USA

C052 Transient Thermal Analysis of Screw Compressors, Part II Transient Thermal Analysis of a Screw Compressor to Determine Rotor-to-Housing Clearances: Bob Weathers, Jack Sauls and Gordon Powell, Trane, USA

C034 Transient Thermal Analysis of Screw Compressors, Part III: Transient Thermal Analysis of a Screw Compressor to Determine Rotor-to-Rotor Clearances: Gordon Powell, Bob Weathers and Jack Sauls, Trane, USA

C085 Angular Contact Ball Bearings with Peek Cages in Refrigeration Screw Compressors: Lars Sjoholm, IR Climate Control, USA; William Bonis, SKF USA, Inc., USA

C160 The Key Technology of Single Screw Manufacturing by 5-Axis CNC Machining Center: Shang Zhou, Xu Li and Changcheng Corporation, Ltd., USA; Yiwan Zhang and Dingwu Zhou, Changcheng Corporation, Ltd., P. R. China

C-20: Reciprocating Compressors II Room 214 A & B Chairperson: Ricardo Maciel, Embraco, S.A.

C084 The Detection of Liquid Slugging Phenomena in Reciprocating Compressors via

Power Measurements: Christopher R. Laughman, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA; Peter R. Armstrong, Pacific Northwest National Laboratories, USA; Leslie K. Norford and Steven B. Leeb, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA

C096 Ensuring High Reliability of Reciprocating Compressor with Ball Joint: Tsutomu Nozaki, Koichi Sekiguchi, Shinichi Sato and Gen Konno, Hitachi Ltd., Japan

C115 Reliability Design of the Newly Designed Reciprocating Compressor for a Refrigerator: Seongwoo Woo, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Korea; Dennis L. O’Neal, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA

C022 Fault Diagnosis of Reciprocating Compressor Using Pressure Pulsations: Smita S. Manepatil, SGSITS, India; Ashesh Tiwari, Devi Ahilya University, India

1:00–3:00 p.m. THURSDAY AFTERNOON C-21: Analysis of Bearings & Joints Room 202 Chairperson: Gordon Pennock, Purdue University

C036 Dynamic Analysis of a Rotor-Journal Bearing System of Rotary Compressor: Fei Xie,

Haifeng Zhang, Jianhua Wu and Wenjing Ma, Xi’an Jiaotong University, P. R. China; Chunhui Liu and Xiaojun Gae, Shanghai Hitachi Electrical Appliances Co., Ltd., Shanghai, P. R. China

C058 Design Improvement Based on Wear of a Journal Bearing Using an Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Model: Mustafa Duyar, Ricardo Software, Czech Republic; Zafer Dursunkaya, Middle East Technical University, Turkey

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C063 Surface Treatment Technology for Siding Parts of Compressors: Yuuki Yoshimi,

Hirotaka Kawabata, Makoto Katayama and Hiromitsu Iwata, Matsushita Refrigeration Company, Japan

C120 A Low Friction Ball Joint Piston Used in a Reciprocating Compressor: Seungkil Son and Soohyun Huh, Daewoo Electronics Corporation, Korea

C147 The Design Aspects of Metal- Polymer Bushings in Compressor Applications: Christopher D. Small, GGB Bearing Technology, USA

C-22: Screw Compressors II & Centrifugal Compressors Room 214 A & B Chairperson: Bill Bush, Carrier, UTC, USA

C132 Variable Speed Tri-Rotor Screw Compression Technology: John J. Jacobs, United

Technologies, Carrier Corporation, USA C145 Noise Reduction in Screw Compressors by the Control of Rotor Transmission Errors:

Christopher S. Holmes, Holroyd, United Kingdom C142 Comparison of Part-Load Efficiency Characteristics of Screw and Centrifugal

Compressors: Joost J. Brasz, Carrier Corporation, USA C114 High-Speed Low Power Radial Turbocompressor for Oil-Free Heat Pumps: Jurg

Schiffmann, Fischer Engineering Solutions AG, Switzerland; Daniel Favrat, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Switzerland

C020 Calculation on the Inter-Lobe Clearance Distribution of Twin-Screw Compressor by Optimization Method: Wei Xiong, Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology, P. R. China

C157 Semi-Empirical Modeling of Small Size Radial Turbines for Refrigeration Purpose: Gleyzer Martins, Oscar Saul Hernandez Mendoza and Jose Antonio Tumialan, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil

C003 Theoretical Analysis of Diameter Ratio of Engagement Pair for Single Screw Compressor: Guangxi Jin, Xi’an Jiaotong University, P. R.China; Shucun Zhang and Xinyan Yu, Shanghai P.D. Compressor Co., Ltd., P. R. China

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All sessions will be in Stewart Center unless otherwise noted

INTERNATIONAL REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING CONFERENCE TECHNICAL PROGRAM

CHAIR ─ James E. Braun, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University Program Chair ─ Lorenzo Cremaschi, Post Doctorate, Purdue University Paper Presenter, Session Chairpersons & Vice Chairpersons Breakfast If you are the Presenter of a paper, a Session Chairperson or a Vice Chairperson, please attend the complimentary breakfast on the day of your presentation(s). Presentations will be loaded onto laptops at this time. Final instructions will be given concerning how the session will be conducted and you will meet the other Presenters and Chairperson in your session. If you are the Presenter in more than one session on the same day, please contact both Session Chairpersons. Presentations at the Conference Each Presenter will have fifteen minutes for presentation and five minutes for discussion. If time permits, the Session Chairperson may extend the discussion period. No Videotaping,Pictures or Picture Phones are Allowed Without the Author’s Permission.

MONDAY ─ JULY 17, 2006

Check the Conference Overview Chart for details about the Technical Session Breakfast, Opening Session, Reception and Advisory Committee Meeting

1:00-3:00 p.m. MONDAY AFTERNOON R-1: Socio-Economic Impact of Systems & Refrigerants Room 214 C&D Chairperson: Steve Szymurski, ARI, USA

R147 Environmental and Performance Studies of R-123 as a Chiller Refrigerant -

Resulting Recommendations for Environmental Protection: James M. Calm, Engineering Consultant, USA

R146 European Supermarket Refrigeration Systems Eco-Efficiency Considerations: Horst Kruse, FKW-GmbH, Germany; Rainer Jakobs, IZW, Germany; Marcello Riva, Solvay Fluor GmbH, Germany

R105 LCCP vs. Eco-Efficiency: Marcello Riva, Felix Flohr and Christoph Meurer, Solvay Fluor GmbH, Germany

R057 Method of Choice of Low TEWI Refrigerant Blends: Charbel Rahhal and Denis Clodic, Ecole des Mines de Paris, France

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R-2: Microchannel Heat Exchangers I Room 218 A&B Chairperson: John Manzione, U.S. Army, USA

R175 Void Fraction of CO2 and Ammonia in Multiport Aluminum Microchannel Tubes:

David C. Adams, Creative Thermal Solutions, USA; Jason Burr, Predrag Hrnjak and Ty Newell, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R174 Two Phase Pressure Drop of CO2, Ammonia, and R245fa in Multiport Aluminum Microchannel Tubes: David C. Adams, Creative Thermal Solutions, USA: Jason Burr, Predrag Hrnjak and Ty Newell, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R161 Two-Phase Refrigerant Distribution in a Micro-Channel Manifold: Chad D. Bowers, Predrag Hrnjak and Ty Newell, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R148 Pressure Drop of Two-Phase Refrigerant-Oil Mixtures in a Small Channel: Brandon S. Field and Predrag Hrnjak, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R142 Developing Two-Phase Flow Distribution in Horizontal Headers With Downward Minichannel-Branches: Shigeru Koyama, Agung Tri Wijayanta and Ken Kuwahara, Kyushu University, Japan; Shirou Ikuta, Calsonic Kansei Corporation, Japan

R-3: Air Conditioning/Refrigeration Equipment Improvements Room 218 C&D Chairperson: Wayne Reedy, Carrier UTRC, USA

R001 Evaluation of Mechanical Dehumidification Concepts (Part 1): Michael F. Taras,

Carrier Corporation, USA R002 Evaluation of Mechanical Dehumidification Concepts (Part 2): Michael F. Taras,

Carrier Corporation, USA R008 Refrigeration Cycle With Two-Phase Condensing Ejector: Mark J. Bergander, Magnetic

Development, Inc., USA R011 Efficiency Improvements of Air-Cooled Chillers Equipped With High Static

Condenser Fans: Fuwing Yu, Kwoktai Chan and Hoyin Chu, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong

R025 The Primary Research on Liquid Desiccant Dehumidifier With Cooling Capacity Using Compression Heat Pump System: Anmin Wu, Chunlin Li and Hefei Zhang, Northwestern Polytechnical University, P. R. China

3:20–5:20 p.m. MONDAY AFTERNOON R-4: Microchannel Heat Exchangers II Room 218 A&B Chairperson: Predrag Hrnjak, University of Illinois, USA

R115 Semi-Empirical 3D Rectangular Channel Air Flow Heat Transfer and Friction Factor

Correlations: Ian E. Davidson and Clark W. Bullard, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R108 Comparison of Performance of a Residential Air-Conditioning System Using Microchannel and Fin-and-Tube Heat Exchanger: Rin Yun, Yunho Hwang and Reinhard Radermacher, University of Maryland, USA; Rebeka Zecirovic, Technische Universität Berlin, Germany

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R079 Experimental Research and CFD Simulation on Microchannel Evaporator Header to Improve Heat Exchanger Efficiency: Zhihai Gordon Dong and John Bean, Jr., American Power Conversion Corp., USA

R071 ‘Mpower’, A Simulation Code to Assist the Design of Refrigeration and A/C Equipment Using Round Tube Plate Fin and PF2 Microchannel Heat Exchangers: Greg Kohler and Mark Johnson, Modine Manufacturing Company, USA; Jose Gonzalvez and Jose M. Corberan, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Spain

R140 Theoretical Model and Investigations of Transient Thermal Performance of a Micro Channel Tube Used for Cooling Processes: Tariq A. Al-Azab and Rebhi A. Damseh, Al-Balqa Applied University, Jordan

R-5: Air Conditioning Systems Room 218 C&D Chairperson: Lorenzo Cremaschi, Purdue University, USA

R085 Field Performance Measurements of a VRV AC/HP System: Tolga Nurettin Aynur,

Yunho Hwang and Reinhard Radermacher, University of Maryland, USA R067 Study on Performance Evaluation of a Split Air Conditioning System Under the

Actual Conditions: Yoshiaki Yumoto, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Japan; Toru Ichikawa, Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., Japan; Tatsuo Nobe, Kogakuin University, Japan; Shigeki Kametani, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Japan

R137 Challenges and Developments of Subtropical Residential Air Conditioning: Shiming Deng, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, P. R. China

R015 Design and Research of the Commercial Digital VRV Multi-Connected Units With Sub-Cooled Ice Storage System: Xiaohong Hai, Zhang Tao, Fanhua Yun and Shen Jun, Gree Electric Appliances, Inc. of Zhuhai, P. R. China

TUESDAY ─ JULY 18, 2006

Check the Conference Overview Chart for details about the Technical Session Breakfast, Plenary Session, IIR Commission Meetings, Luncheon and Herrick Laboratories’ Tour

9:20–11:45 a.m. TUESDAY MORNING R-6: CO2 Systems Room 214 C&D Chairperson: John Manzione, U.S. Army, USA

R154 Thermodynamic Cycle Analysis of Air-to-Water CO2 Heat Pumps: Lili Zhang, Siva

Gopalnarayanan and Tobias Sienel, United Technologies Research Center, USA R150 Modelling Fin-and-Tube Gas-Cooler for Transcritical Carbon Dioxide Cycles: Marco

Corradi, Luca Cecchinato, G. Schiochet and Claudio Zilio, University of Padova, Italy R107 Performance Potential of CO2 Cycle With a Linear Compressor: Yunho Hwang and

Reinhard Radermacher, University of Maryland, USA; Seonwoong Hwang, Hyeongkook Lee and Samchul Ha, LG Electronics, Korea

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R098 Discharge Pressure Optimization for CO2 Transcritical Cycle Using a Capillary Tube: Augusto Jose Pereira Zimmerman and Ricardo Alexandre Maciel, Embraco S.A., Brazil

R047 Modeling and Performance Simulation of Gas Cooler for CO2 Heat Pump System: Youngsoo Chang and Minseok Kim, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea

R046 Analysis of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Heat Exchangers in Cooling Process: Yang Chen and Per Lundqvist, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden

R-7: Heat Exchanger Characterization & Modeling I Room 218 A&B Chairperson: Ty Newell, University of Illinois, USA

R095 Aerodynamic Performance of Air Cooled Condensing Units: Claudio Melo and Gustavo

Pottker, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil; Robert H. Pereira, Cooling Solutions of Embraco North America, USA

R045 Two-Phase Distribution of R-134a in a Header of a Parallel Flow Heat Exchanger: Naehyun Kim, Taekyun Park and Jungho Ham, University of Incheon, Korea

R032 Air-Side Performance of Flat-Tube Louver-Fin Heat Exchangers Under Wet Conditions: Wet-Surface Multipliers for Colburn j- and f-Factors: Younggil Park and Anthony M. Jacobi, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R017 Investigation of R22 Condensing Outside of a Horizontal 3-D Externally Rectangular Finned Tube and Tube Bundle: Xiangfei Liang, Lihua Zhai, Rong Zhuang and Guoqing Gan, Gree Electric Appliances, Inc. of Zhuhai, P. R. China

R155 Experiments on Flow Boiling Heat Transfer of Pure CO2 and CO2-Oil Mixtures in Horizontal Smooth and Micro-Fin Tubes: Lei Gao and Tomohiro Honda, Fukuoka University, Japan

R030 Flow Boiling of R723 (Ammonia/Dimethylether) in Smooth Horizontal Tubes in the Presence of Oil: Tahsin Boyman and Cornel Kuhn, University of Applied Sciences of Central Switzerland, Switzerland

R-8: Lubrication Effects Room 218 C&D Chairperson: Mark Spatz. Honeywell

R164 Effects of Oil on aTranscritical Carbon Dioxide Air Conditioning Systems – some

experiences -: Scott S. Wujek and Predrag Hrnjak, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R072 Ultra High Pressure Tribometer for Testing CO2 Refrigerant at Realistic Compressor Conditions and the Role of CO2 in the Tribological Behaviour of Compressor Surfaces: Nicholaos G. Demas and Andreas A. Polycarpou, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R170 Thermophysical Properties of CO2-Lubricant Mixtures and Their Affect on 2-Phase Flow in Small Channels (Less than 1mm): Christopher J. Seeton and Predrag Hrnjak, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R080 Quantitative Visualization of CO2 -Oil Mixtures in CO2 Expansion Flows: Matthew A. Scott and Dimitrios C. Kyritsis, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R120 Oil Structure Influence on the Solubility of Carbon Dioxide in POE Lubricants: Sergio Bobbo and Laura Fedele, Construction Technologies Institute, Italy; Roman Stryjek, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland

R028 Performance Prediction of a Cyclone Oil Separator: Hiroki Murakami, Shinichi Wakamoto and Osamu Morimoto, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Japan

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1:30–3:30 p.m. TUESDAY AFTERNOON R-9: Capillary Tubes and Short-Tube Orifices Room 218 A&B Chairperson: Anthony Jacobi, University of Illinois, USA

R151 A Model for Helical Capillary Tubes for Refrigeration Systems: Hirendra Kumar

Paliwal, Institute of Engineering & Technology, India; Keshav Kant, Indian Institute of Technology, India

R117 Experimental Study on the Performance of Twisted Capillary Tube: Amr O. Elsayed, Zagazig University, Egypt

R024 A Practical Method of Selecting Capillary Tubes for HCFC22 Alternatives: Khaled Meftah, College of Technology at Dammam, Saudi Arabia; Amr Oweis, University of Zagazig, Egypt

R111 Modeling of Short Tube Orifices for CO2: Klaus Martin, The Virtual Vehicle Research Center GmbH (vif), Austria; Rene Reiberer, Graz University of Technology, Austria; Josef Hager, MAGNA Powertrain, Austria

R-10: Heat Pumps I Room 218 C&D Chairperson: Van Baxter, Oak Ridge Laboratories, USA

R027 Performance and Optimum for a Ground-Coupled Liquid Loop Heat Recovery

Ventilation System: Yasu Zhou, Donghua University, P.R. China; Per Fahlén and Torbjoern Lindholm, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden

R135 Air Source Heat Pump for Northern Climates Part I: Simulation of Different Heat Pump Cycles: Stefan S. Bertsch and Eckhard A. Groll, Purdue University, USA

R136 Air Source Heat Pump for Northern Climates Part II: Measurement and Verification: Stefan S. Bertsch, Eckhard A. Groll, David B. Bouffard and William J. Hutzel, Purdue University, USA

R113 Performance Evaluation of a Two-Stage Compression Heat Pump System With Refrigerant Charge and EEV Opening: Chasik Park, Hoon Kang and Yongchan Kim, Korea University, Korea; Youngsoo Lee, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Korea

R018 Design and Research of the Digital VRV Multi-Connected Units With Three Pipes Type Heat Recovery System: Xiaohong Hai, Shen Jun, Zhanyue Hang and Tancheng Bin; Gree Electric Appliances, Inc. of Zhuhai, P. R. China

4:00–6:00 p.m. TUESDAY AFTERNOON

R-11: Work Recovery in CO2 Systems Room 214 C&D Chairperson: Reinhard Radermacher, University of Maryland, USA

R063 Scroll Expander for Carbon Dioxide Cycle: Detlef Westphalen and John Dieckmann,

TIAX LLC, USA

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R165 A Thermodynamic Property Chart as a Visual Aid to Illustrate the Interference Between Expansion Work Recovery and Internal Heat Exchange: Stefan Elbel and Predrag Hrnjak, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R159 Basic Operating Characteristics of CO2 Refrigeration Cycles With Expander-Compressor Unit: Hirokatsu Kohsokabe, Sunao Funakoshi, Kenji Tojo, Susumu Nakayama, Kyoji Kohno, Hitachi Ltd., Japan; Kazutaka Kurashige, Tokyo Electric Power Company, Japan

R058 Enhancement of CO2 Refrigeration Cycle Using an Ejector: 1D Analysis: Elias Boulawz Ksayer and Denis Clodic, Ecole des Mines de Paris, France

R-12: Heat & Mass Transfer Numerical Modeling Room 218 A&B Chairperson: Srinivas Garimella, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA

R089 Investigation of Transient Two-Phase Flow During Refrigeration and Air

Conditioning System Startup: Michael J. Hedrick, Emad W. Jassim and Ty A. Newell, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R055 Modeling of Two-Phase Heat Transfer in Smooth Tubes Using Probabilistic Flow Regime Maps: Emad W. Jassim, Ty A. Newell and John C. Chato, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R039 A Numerical Model for Condensate Drops and Bridges Retained on the Air-Side Surface of Heat Exchangers: Yanping Xia, Andrew D. Sommers and Anthony M. Jacobi, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R123 Analysis of Two-Phase Flow in Condensers and Evaporators Based on Two-Fluid Models: Numerical Model and Experimental Comparison: S. Morales, Joaquim Rigola, Carlos D. Perez-Segarra and Assensi Oliva, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), Spain

R-13: Heat Pumps II Room 218 C&D Chairperson: William Murphy, University of Kentucky, USA

R031 Improved Vapour Compression Refrigeration Cycles: Literature Review and Their

Application to Heat Pumps: Nguyen Q. Minh, Neil James Hewitt and Philip Charles Eames, The University of Ulster, United Kingdom

R139 Low Cost Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH): Vince C. Mei and Van D. Baxter, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Daniel S. Lamb, Tennessee Valley Authority, USA

R116 Northern China Heat Pump Application With the Digital Heating Scroll Compressor: Shan He and Weihua Guo and Eric Wuman Wai, Emerson Climate Technologies, P. R. China

R110 Improving Heating Performance of a MPS Heat Pump System With Consideration of Compressor Heating Effects in Heat Exchanger Design: Jeongtaek Park, Seyoon Oh, Chanho Song and Hoseon Choi, LG Electronics, Inc., Korea

R040 Development and Experimental Investigation on Two-Stage Compression Variable Frequency Air Source Heat Pump: Changqing Tian and Nan Liang, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. R. China; Wenxing Shi and Xianting Li, Tsinghua University, P. R. China

R059 HSPF Calculation of a System Allowing Switching Between a Single-Stage to a Two-Stage Compression System: Sami Barbouchi and Jean-Benoit Ritz, EDF, France; Denis Clodic, Ecole des mines de Paris, France

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WEDNESDAY ─ JULY 19, 2006

Check the Conference Overview Chart for details about the Technical Session Breakfast, Plenary Session, IIR Commission Meetings and Steak Barbeque

9:20–11:45 a.m. WEDNESDAY MORNING

R-14: Heat Transfer Coefficients & Pressure Drop Room 214 C&D Chairperson: Tashin Boyman, University of Applied Sciences of Central Switzerland and Purdue University, USA

R097 Friction Factor and Heat Transfer Performance of an Offset-Strip Fin Array at Air-

Side Reynolds Numbers to 100,000: Gregory J. Michna, Anthony M. Jacobi and Rodney L. Burton, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R173 CO2 and R410A Flow Boiling Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop at Low Temperatures in a Horizontal Smooth Tube: Changyong Park and Predrag S. Hrnjak, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R127 Extended Correlations for Staggered Round Tube Plain Fin Heat Exchangers: Clark Bullard and Ian Davidson, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R133 Experimental Study on Condensation of Pure Refrigerants in Horizontal Micro-Fin Tube – Proposal of Correlations for Heat Transfer Coefficient and Frictional Pressure Drop–: Shigeru Koyama, Kyushu University, Japan; Ryuichiro Yonemoto, Hitachi Appliances, Inc., Japan

R043 Refrigerant R410A Vaporisation Inside a Small Brazed Plate Heat Exchanger: Giovanni A. Longo and Andrea Gasparella, University of Padova, Italy

R178 Thermal Performance of R410A Condensing in a Microfin Tube: Alberto Cavallini, Davide Del Col, Simone Mancin and Luisa Rossetto, University of Padova, Italy

R-15: Modeling of A/C & Refrigeration Systems/Components Room 218 A&B Chairperson: Lorenzo Cremaschi, Purdue University, USA

R163 Modeling of Compressors and Expansion Devices With Two-Phase Refrigerant Inlet

Conditions: Bo Shen, James E. Braun and Eckhard Groll, Purdue University, USA R162 Some Modeling Improvements for Unitary Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps at Off-

Design Conditions: Bo Shen, James E. Braun and Eckhard A. Groll, Purdue University, USA

R092 Component-Based Vapor Compression Simulation Tool With Integrated Multi-Objective Optimization Routines: Jonathan Winkler, Vikrant Aute and Reinhard Radermacher, University of Maryland, USA

R093 Transient Simulation of a Transcritical Carbon Dioxide Refrigeration System: Omar Abd Elaziz, Jonathan Winkler, Vikrant Aute and Reinhard Radermacher, University of Maryland, USA

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R069 Dimensionless Parameter for Evaluation of Thermo-Fluids Performance of Air

Conditioning and Ventilation Systems: Ratnesh Sharma, Chandrakant Patel and Cullen Bash, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, USA

R180 Analysis of the Operational Characteristics of Multi System Through Steady State and Dynamic Simulation: Gilbong Lee, LG Electronics, Korea; Ilhwan Lee, Keunjoong Yoo and Minsoo Kim, Seoul National University, Korea; Samchul Ha, LG Electronics, Korea

R-16: Novel Systems I Room 218 C&D Chairperson: Reinhard Radermacher, University of Maryland, USA

R091 Potential Benefits of Thermoelectric Element Used With Air-Cooled Heat

Exchangers: Jonathan Winkler, Vikrant Aute, Bao Yang and Reinhard Radermacher, University of Maryland, USA

R064 Compact, Low Temperature Refrigeration of Microprocessors: Charles Coggins, David Gerlach, Yogendra Joshi and Andrei Fedorov, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA

R114 Experimental Study on a Novel Hybrid Cooler for the Cooling of Telecommunication Equipments: Sunil Lee, Jaesun Song, Yongchan Kim and Jintaek Chung, Korea University, Korea

R167 Performance Analysis of a Miniature-Scale Vapor Compression System for Electronics Cooling: Bread Board Setup: Suwat Trutassanawin, Lorenzo Cremaschi, Eckhard A. Groll and Suresh V. Garimella, Purdue University, USA

R145 Performance of High Pressure Air Cycle in Comparison With Synthetic and Natural Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycles: Horst Kruse and Hans Rüssmann, FKW-GmbH, Germany; Rainer Jakobs, IZW, Germany

1:00-3:00 p.m. WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON R-17: Heat Exchanger Characterization & Modeling II Room 214 C&D Chairperson: Carlos Infante Ferreria, Delft University, The Netherlands

R020 An Experimental Study of the Air-Side Particulate Fouling in Fin-and-Tube Heat

Exchangers of Air Conditioners: Youngchull Ahn, Seongir Cheong, Youngman Jung and JaeKeun Lee, Pusan National University, Korea

R094 Generic Dynamic Model for Heat Exchangers: Shenglan Xuan, Vikrant Aute and Reinhard Radermacher, University of Maryland, USA

R050 Heat-Exchange Surface Effectiveness Assessment Criterion: Kudrat Fuadovich Karimov, Tashkent State Technical University, Uzbekistan

R009 Heat Transfer From the Evaporator Outlet to the Charge of Thermostatic Expansion Valves: Lasse Nicolai Langmaack, Technical University of Denmark and Danfoss A/S, Denmark; Hans Jørgen Hogaard Knudsen, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark

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R-18: Novel Systems II Room 218 A&B Chairperson: Glenn Hourahan, ACCA, USA

R013 Modeling the Transient Behavior of an Active Magnetic Regenerative Refrigerator:

Kurt Engelbrecht, Gregory Nellis and Sanford Klein, University of Wisconsin, USA R168 Liquid-Flooded Ericsson Cycle Cooler: Part 1 – Thermodynamic Analysis: Jason

Hugenroth, James Braun, Eckhard Groll and Galen King, Purdue University, USA R169 Liquid-Flooded Ericsson Cycle Cooler: Part 2 – Experimental Results: Jason

Hugenroth, James Braun, Eckhard Groll and Galen King, Purdue University, USA R130 Evaluation of Thermoacoustic Cycles for Cooling Applications: Insu Paek, James E.

Braun and Luc Mongeau, Purdue University, USA

3:20–5:20 p.m. WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON R-19: Heat & Mass Transfer Characterization & Enhancement Room 214 C&D Chairperson: Bruce Hunn, ASHRAE, USA

R056 Probabilistic Determination of Two-Phase Flow Regimes Utilizing an Automated

Image Recognition Technique: Emad W. Jassim, Ty A. Newell and John C. Chato, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R134 An Experiment on Frosting Phenomena in a Fin Bundle: Shigeru Koyama, Donghwi Kim and Ken Kuwahara, Kyushu University, Japan; Chieko Kondo, Hitachi Air Conditioning Systems, Japan

R100 Condensation and Wetting Behavior on Surfaces With Micro-Structures: Super-Hydrophobic and Super-Hydrophilic: Yongfang Zhong, Anthony M. Jacobi and John G. Georgiadis, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R132 The Effect of Nanoparticle Agglomeration on Enhanced Nanofluidic Thermal Conductivity: Alexander Hays and Charles P. Marsh, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, USA; Jorge Alvarado, Texas A&M University, USA; Ryan Franks, U.S. Army Corps. of Engineers, USA

R051 The Effect of Binary Nanofluids and Chemical Surfactants on the Absorption Performance: Junyoung Jung, Kyung Hee University, Korea; Jinkyeong Kim, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan; Yongtae Kang, Kyung Hee University, Korea

R-20: Industrial Refrigeration Room 218 A&B Chairperson: Didier Coulomb, IIR, France

R138 A High Efficient Adsorption Icemaker for Fishing Boat: Ruzhu Wang, Zisheng Lu,

Liwei Wang and Zaizhong Xia, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, P. R. China R102 Simple Method to Improve the Performance of Industrial Evaporators Under

Frosting Conditions: Nawaf F. Aljuwayhel, Douglas T. Reindl, Sanford A. Klein and Gregory F. Nellis, University of Wisconsin, USA

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R041 Quality Model of Foodstuff in a Refrigerated Display Cabinet: Junping Cai, Aalborg University, Denmark; Jørgen Risum, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark; Claus Thybo, Danfoss A/S, Denmark

R021 The State of Energy Consumption Legislation for Commercial Reach-In-Refrigerators and Freezers and Other Refrigerated Products: Robert D. Lehman, III, Emerson Climate Technologies, USA

THURSDAY ─ JULY 20, 2006

Check the Conference Overview Chart for details about the Technical Session Breakfast, Plenary Session, Advisory Committee Meeting and Herrick Laboratories’ Tour

9:20–11:45 a.m. THURSDAY MORNING R21: Domestic Refrigerators/Freezers Room 214 C&D Chairperson: Joaquim Rigola, Technical University of Catalonia, Spain

R036 A Dynamic Simulation Model for Fan-and-Damper Controlled Refrigerators: Christian

J. L. Hermes, Multibras S.A. Eletrodomesticos, Brazil; Claudio Melo, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil

R054 Energy Requirements of Refrigerators Due to Door Opening Conditions: Wilson Terrell, Jr., Trinity University, USA

R153 Optimization of the Insulation Wall Thickness of Refrigerator: Taehee Lee, Wookyong Lee and Yoonseok Lee, LG Electronics, Korea

R084 Comparative Analysis Between a Capillary Tube and an Electronic Expansion Valve in a Household Refrigerator: Jackson B. Marcinichen and Claudio Melo, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil

R076 In-Situ Performance Evaluation of No-Frost Evaporators: Claudio Melo and Robson O. Piucco, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil; Publio O. O. Durate, Whirlpool Corporation, Brazil

R-22: Mobile Air Conditioning Room 218 A&B Chairperson: Jacob Bayyouk, Sanden International USA

R081 Converting a Military Environmental Control Unit to Propylene Refrigerant: Detlef

Westphalen, TIAX LLC, USA R166 R744 Two Evaporator System for US Army HMMWV: Steffen Peuker and Predrag

Hrnjak, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA R121 Numerical Study on the Performance of the Evaporator for Car Air-Conditioners: Ken

Kuwahara and Shigeru Koyama, Kyushu University, Japan; Shiro Ikuta, Calsonic Kansei Corporation, Japan

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R077 Influence of Refrigerant Charge Variation on the Performance of an Automotive Refrigeration System: Katrin Prölss and Gerhard Schmitz, Hamburg University of Technology, Germany; Dirk Limperich and Marco Braun, Daimler Chrysler AG, Germany

R048 Reducing AC Power Consumption By Compressor Downsizing on a Sports Utility Vehicle: D. Srinivasan and Prasad Phadke, Tata Motors Ltd., India

R034 CFD Prediction to Optimize Front End Cooling Module of a Passenger Vehicle: Biswadip Shome, Vinod Kumar, S. V. Ranganath Kumar and Gyan Arora, Tata Technologies Limited, India

R-23: Heat Exchanger Improvements Room 218 C&D Chairperson: Steven Szymurski, ARI, USA

R029 Off-Cycle Condensate Drainage Behavior of Compact Heat Exchangers: Assessment

and Enhancement: Aridom Joardar, Zhongping Gu and Anthony M. Jacobi, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R090 The Effects of Hydrophilicity on Water Drainage and Condensate Retention on Air-Conditioning Evaporators: Liping Liu and Anthony M. Jacobi, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

R152 Analysis of Vapor Extraction Strategies for Evaporators: Miguel E. Jovane, James E. Braun and Eckhard A. Groll, Purdue University, USA

R016 Investigation of Inserts to Enhance Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Tubes: Xiangfei Liang, Lihua Zhai, Hui Huang and Rong Zhuang, Gree Electric Appliances, Inc. of Zhuhai, P. R. China

R035 Heat Transfer Augmentation by Inserts During Condensation of Refrigerant R22 Inside a Horizontal Tube: Ramakant Shrivastva, Ravi Kumar and Akhilesh Gupta, Indian Institute of Technology, India; Sachida Nand Lal, Bhagalpur College of Engineering, India

R177 Air-Side Performance Evaluation of Three Types of Heat Exchangers in Dry, Wet, and Periodic Frosting Conditions: Ping Zhang and Predrag Hrnjak, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

1:00–3:00 p.m. THURSDAY AFTERNOON

R-24: Working Fluids Room 214 C&D Chairperson: Sergio Bobbo, Instituto per le Tecnologie della Construzione Sezione de Padova, Italy

R157 Thermophysical Properties of Pure Refrigerants and Refrigerant Mixtures by

Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS): Andreas Paul Fröba and Alfred Leipertz, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany

R106 New Fluid for High Temperature Applications: Marcello Riva and Felix Flohr, Solvay Fluor GmbH, Germany; Andreas Fröba, Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik (LTT), Germany

R019 Development of Zero ODP, Less TEWI, Binary, Ternary and Quaternary Mixtures to Replace HCFC-22 in Window Air-Conditioner: T. P. Ashok Babu, Vikas V. Samaje and R. Rajeev, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, India

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R-25: Supermarket Refrigeration Systems Room 218 A&B Chairperson: Bruce Hunn, ASHRAE, USA

R149 Why Secondary-Coolant Systems for Supermarket Refrigeration?: Georgi S. Kazachki

and David K. Hinde, Hill Phoenix, Inc., USA R062 Energy Analysis of Various Supermarket Refrigeration Systems: Ming Zhang,

Ingersoll-Rand Climate Control, USA R042 Dynamic Heat Transfer Model of Refrigerated Foodstuff: Junping Cai, Aalborg

University, Denmark; Jørgen Risum, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark; Claus Thybo, Danfoss A/S, Denmark

R038 Design and Optimization of a Walk In Refrigeration System: Zer Kai Yap and Cristina Morimoto, Tecumseh Products Company, USA

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