Table of contents

Page 1- Citizenship: 14th amendment and law of soil vs law of bloodPage 2- Law of soil and Law of blood worksheet Page 3 - Naturalization Page 4- Who is a citizen practice worksheet Page 5- Responsibility and obligations of citizenship Page 6- Responsibly of citizens at the national, state and local levelPage 7-Wanted: Good Citizen Page 8- Rule of law Page 9- Types of Government Page 10- Systems of government

Systems of government

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SYSTEMS of GOVERNMENT

Before we begin let’s understand the following terms: Central Authority= central or national government Regional Authority = any state, county, or city

government

How do government systemsdistribute or divide power?

Systems of government

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Central Authority= central or national government Regional Authority = any state, county, or city government

Distribution of Power Separation of Power

Distribution v. Separation

Distribution of Power• The distribution of power is

about how the government divides power between a central authority and the people/states/regions; relationship between governments • Example: central

government and state governments

What is the difference between distributing power and separating power?

Separation of Power• The separation of power is

about how the government is divided internally; relationship within government • Example: branches of

government – legislative, executive, judicial

We now know what to look at how power is distributed between the three systems of government:Unitary, federal and confederate***Now turn your paper over

Systems of government continued

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Description Diagram System

Confederate

Confederate System • Under the Articles of

Confederation, the United States was a confederate government.• A confederate government is

one where the state/regional governments have the main power with a weak central government. The central government is run by the state/regional governments.• This is what people know as the

Anti-federalist wanted

Systems of government continued

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Description Diagram System

Confederate

Unitary

Unitary System • A Unitary system of government is where the main of power is in the

central government, with regional/state governments having little power.

• This is what the people known as the Federalist wanted.

Systems of government continued

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Description Diagram System

Confederate

Unitary

Federal

Unitary System

Confederate System

When the central government has all the power and the regional/state have little to no power.

When the regional/state holds all the power and the central government is weak.

So lets review once more what we already know:

Compromising in the Constitution• During the Philadelphia convention, the Federalists and Anti-

Federalists had to reach a compromise about the distribution of power between the central government and the state governments.

What would be the compromise between these two systems?

Federal System • In a Federal system, power is shared by the central government and

the state/regional governments. • Both the central and state governments have their own powers, in

addition to the powers that they share. This system ensures that neither the central government nor the state governments can become too powerful. • This is the system of government the United States currently uses.

Systems of government continued

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Description Diagram System

Confederate

Unitary

Federal

On the next two slides there is another way to think about it. Feel free to write it down if it

helps.

Unitary Federal Confederal

Most Centralized

Least Centralized

Examples:• France• Japan• Saudi Arabia

Examples:• Australia • Germany• United States

Examples:• US under Articles

of Confederation• Confederate

States of America

Distribution of Power in Government

Think of power distribution on a continuum from strong central control to weak central control.

Strong central government

Unitary ConfederationFederal

Weak central government

Now in your group:Directions• Each group will be given 3 sheets of color construction paper.

You will then need to use large or small circles and arrows either one sided or double sides <---> to create visual representation of the 3 systems of government we have discussed.

• One circle will represent Central (national) Authority and four of the circles will represent Regional (state) Authority.

• You and your group will have to decide how the circles and arrows should be set up in order to represent that system of government.

• I would draw them on another piece of paper first them once your group agrees you can draw it on the construction paper. You will also need to label each of the circles as either Central or Regional authority.

• Finally, you and your group will need to discuss and answer the questions I will post on the screen for you once we get started.

Example: This just an example and isn’t correct at all

Central government

Regional/state

Unitary

Questions• Why do you think each of the diagrams you have set up represents

about the type of systems being asking?• What arguments did you and your groups have while trying to

construct your diagram?• Please give two characteristics for each system of government.

Correct diagram answers…

Federal

Regional Authority

Central Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Regional AuthorityDivision of powers.

Central Authority

Unitary

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Key government powers are concentrated in the central authority.

Central Authority

Confederal

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority The power flows from

each individual authority and the central authority has little power on its own.

Now let’s Debate!• Which system of government to you think would work the best?• Confederal or unitary?• Why do you think this? Please give specifics• Why do you think that a federal system was made?

• Talk in your groups, write down your beliefs and we will talk about them.