TABLE OF CONTENTS - Bihar CDP Motihari.pdf · 2.6.3 Industrial Scenario ... 2.6.5 Highlights of...

CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Urban Development & Housing Department, Govt. of Bihar Support Programme for Urban Reforms in Bihar (SPUR)

Motihari Municipal Council (MMC)

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TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................ i

LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................... viii

LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... x

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................ xii

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................... xiv

1. Project Background .......................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Scope of Work ................................................................................................................................. 1

1.3 Objective of the Study .................................................................................................................... 2

1.4 Coverage of the Study area ............................................................................................................. 3

1.5 Methodology ................................................................................................................................... 3

2. Motihari City: Overview .................................................................................................. 10

2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 10

2.2 historical foot prints ...................................................................................................................... 11

2.3 Geographical Settings ................................................................................................................... 11

2.4 Connectivity & Linkages ................................................................................................................ 12

2.4.1 Study Area: Motihari Municipal Council ............................................................................... 13

2.5 Demographic Profile ..................................................................................................................... 14

2.5.1 Population Growth Trend ..................................................................................................... 14

2.5.2 Spatial Population Distribution and Density ......................................................................... 15

2.5.3 Literacy .................................................................................................................................. 16

2.5.4 Sex Ratio ................................................................................................................................ 16

2.5.5 Population Projections .......................................................................................................... 16

2.6 Urban Economy ............................................................................................................................. 17

2.6.1 Regional Potential ................................................................................................................. 17

2.6.2 Work Force Participation Rate .............................................................................................. 18

2.6.3 Industrial Scenario ................................................................................................................ 18

2.6.4 Types of Industries in Motihari Urban Area .......................................................................... 19

2.6.5 Highlights of Bihar State Industrial Incentive Policy 2006 .................................................... 20

2.6.6 Trade & Commerce ............................................................................................................... 20

2.6.7 Informal Activities ................................................................................................................. 21

2.6.8 Issues & Strategies ................................................................................................................ 22




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2.7 Land Use ........................................................................................................................................ 23

2.7.1 Existing Land Use .................................................................................................................. 23

2.7.2 Land Requirement ................................................................................................................. 24

2.7.3 Spatial Growth Pattern ......................................................................................................... 25

2.7.4 Future Growth Direction ....................................................................................................... 25

2.7.5 Issues & Strategies ................................................................................................................ 26

3. Basic Infrastructure: Existing Situational Analysis & Strategies ........................................ 27

3.1 Water Supply ................................................................................................................................. 27

3.1.1 Sources of Water ................................................................................................................... 27

3.1.2 Distribution and Water Supply Network ............................................................................... 27

3.1.3 Water Supply Connections: ................................................................................................... 28

3.1.4 Treatment ............................................................................................................................. 28

3.1.5 Existing Situation analysis ..................................................................................................... 28

3.1.6 Projects under implementation stage .................................................................................. 29

3.1.7 Future Strategies ................................................................................................................... 29

3.1.8 Future water demand ........................................................................................................... 30

3.2 Sewerage and Sanitation System .................................................................................................. 31

3.2.1 Existing Sewerage Network Condition .................................................................................. 31

3.2.2 Existing situational analysis ................................................................................................... 31

3.2.3 Estimation of Sewage Load ................................................................................................... 32

3.2.4 Strategy for Development ..................................................................................................... 32

3.3 Storm Water Drainage .................................................................................................................. 33

3.3.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 33

3.3.2 Existing Storm Drainage System ........................................................................................... 34

3.3.3 Demand & Gap ...................................................................................................................... 34

3.3.4 Runoff & Recharge Conditions: ............................................................................................. 34

3.3.5 Strategy for MMC .................................................................................................................. 36

3.4 Roads and Transport Network ...................................................................................................... 36

3.4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 36

3.4.2 Existing Situation ................................................................................................................... 37

3.4.3 Vehicle Population ................................................................................................................ 38

3.4.4 Parking Facilities .................................................................................................................... 39

3.4.5 Terminals ............................................................................................................................... 39

3.5 Solid Waste Management ............................................................................................................. 40

3.5.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 40




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3.5.2 Existing situational analysis ................................................................................................... 40

3.5.3 Future strategies ................................................................................................................... 42

3.5.4 Future Generation ................................................................................................................. 43

3.6 SWOT Analysis ............................................................................................................................... 43

4. Social Infrastructure ....................................................................................................... 46

4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 46

4.2 Educational Scenario ..................................................................................................................... 46

4.3 Medical & Healthcare Facilities..................................................................................................... 47

4.4 Entertainment ............................................................................................................................... 47

4.5 Demand & Gap Analysis ................................................................................................................ 48

4.5.1 Education .............................................................................................................................. 48

4.5.2 Health .................................................................................................................................... 48

4.6 SWOT Analysis ............................................................................................................................... 49

5. Housing & Slums ............................................................................................................. 50

5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 50

5.1.1 Housing Stock ........................................................................................................................ 50

5.1.2 Housing Condition ................................................................................................................. 50

5.1.3 Present & Future Housing Demand ...................................................................................... 52

5.2 Slums ............................................................................................................................................. 53

5.2.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 53

5.2.2 Slum Scenario in Motihari ..................................................................................................... 55

5.2.3 Access to Land and Land Tenure ........................................................................................... 55

5.2.4 Status of Physical Infrastructure in Sums .............................................................................. 55

5.2.5 Slum Development Initiatives ............................................................................................... 56

5.2.6 Social security schemes and beneficiaries ............................................................................ 56

5.3 SWOT Analysis ............................................................................................................................... 57

5.4 Issues & Strategies ........................................................................................................................ 57

6. Heritage & Tourism ......................................................................................................... 58

6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 58

6.2 Heritage & Conservation ............................................................................................................... 58

6.3 Tourism Policy/Guidelines at State Level ...................................................................................... 58

6.4 Identification & Inventory of Tourism Potential ........................................................................... 59




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6.4.1 Regional Tourism Potential ................................................................................................... 59

6.4.2 Tourism Potential within the city .......................................................................................... 60

6.5 SWOT analysis ............................................................................................................................... 62

6.6 Issues ............................................................................................................................................. 62

7. City Environment ............................................................................................................ 63

7.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 63

7.2 Environmental Sustainability – an important focus of CDP .......................................................... 63

7.3 Physical Attributes ........................................................................................................................ 63

7.3.1 Physiography ......................................................................................................................... 63

7.3.2 Flora ...................................................................................................................................... 64

7.4 Climatic Conditions ....................................................................................................................... 64

7.4.1 Rainfall .................................................................................................................................. 64

7.4.2 Temperature ......................................................................................................................... 64

7.4.3 Humidity ................................................................................................................................ 64

7.4.4 Wind Speed ........................................................................................................................... 64

7.5 City Environment .......................................................................................................................... 64

7.5.1 City Green Spaces (gardens and recreation) ......................................................................... 64

7.5.2 Water Bodies within the city ................................................................................................. 65

7.5.3 Environmental Sensitive Zone .............................................................................................. 68

7.6 Disaster Management Plan ........................................................................................................... 69

7.6.1 Flood ..................................................................................................................................... 70

7.6.2 Earthquake & Seismic Zones ................................................................................................. 71

7.7 Environmental Issues .................................................................................................................... 72

7.7.1 Air pollution .......................................................................................................................... 72

7.7.2 Land Pollution ....................................................................................................................... 72

7.7.3 Water Pollution ..................................................................................................................... 73

7.7.4 Fire Hazards ........................................................................................................................... 73

7.7.5 Solid Waste Management ..................................................................................................... 73

7.7.6 Water Logging ....................................................................................................................... 73

7.8 Issues ............................................................................................................................................. 74

8. Local Economic Development ......................................................................................... 75

8.1 Asset Management Plan ............................................................................................................... 75

8.1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 75




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8.1.2 Municipal Asset – Immovable Asset (Land & Buildings) ....................................................... 76

8.1.3 Municipal Asset - Movable Asset .......................................................................................... 76

8.1.4 Strategies for Asset Management ........................................................................................ 77

8.2 Building Approval System ............................................................................................................. 77

8.3 Business Approval System ............................................................................................................ 78

8.3.1 Constraints & improvement required ................................................................................... 78

9. Urban Governance & Institutional Framework ................................................................ 79

9.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 79

9.2 Present Institutional Arrangement ............................................................................................... 79

9.3 Institutions Involved in Urban Development ................................................................................ 79

9.3.1 Motihari Municipal Council (MMC) ...................................................................................... 79

9.3.1 PHED (Public Health Engineering Department) .................................................................... 81

9.3.2 PWD (Public Works Department) ......................................................................................... 82

9.4 Urban Reforms .............................................................................................................................. 82

9.4.1 Reform Agenda at the Level of the State Government ........................................................ 82

9.4.2 City Planning Function .......................................................................................................... 84

9.4.3 Proposed Urban Reforms at ULB Level ................................................................................. 84

9.4.4 Reform Agenda at the Level of the Urban Local Body (ULB) ................................................ 86

9.5 Issues & Strategies ........................................................................................................................ 93

10. Municipal Finance ........................................................................................................... 94

10.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 94

10.2 Existing Financial Condition .......................................................................................................... 94

10.3 Issues ............................................................................................................................................. 97

11. Stakeholder Consultations .............................................................................................. 98

11.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 98

11.2 City Stakeholder Profile ................................................................................................................ 98

11.3 Steering Committee ...................................................................................................................... 98

11.4 Stakeholder Consultations ............................................................................................................ 99

11.5 Workshop Proceedings ............................................................................................................... 101

11.5.1 Kick Off Workshop .............................................................................................................. 101

11.5.2 Second Workshop ............................................................................................................... 104

11.5.3 Third Workshop .................................................................................................................. 106




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11.5.4 Fourth Workshop Proceedings for CDP Motihari, held on September 14, 2011 at 3:00 pm,

at Radha Krishna Bhawan, Motihari ................................................................................................... 108

12. City Vision and Sectoral Goals ....................................................................................... 111

12.1 City SWOT Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 111

12.2 Formulation of City Vision- 2030 ................................................................................................ 112

12.3 Sectoral Goals ............................................................................................................................. 113

13. City Investment Plan ..................................................................................................... 115

13.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 115

13.2 Sector Wise Investment .............................................................................................................. 117

13.2.1 Water supply ....................................................................................................................... 117

13.2.2 Sewerage ............................................................................................................................. 117

13.2.3 Drainage .............................................................................................................................. 118

13.2.4 Solid Waste Management ................................................................................................... 119

13.2.5 Urban Transportation ......................................................................................................... 120

13.2.6 Education ............................................................................................................................ 121

13.2.7 Health .................................................................................................................................. 121

13.2.8 Housing and Slums .............................................................................................................. 122

13.2.9 Urban Environment ............................................................................................................. 122

13.2.10 Heritage and Tourism .......................................................................................................... 123

13.2.11 Economy Trade and Commerce .......................................................................................... 123

13.2.12 Urban Governance .............................................................................................................. 124

14. Motihari – Financial Operating Plan And Financial Sustainability ................................... 125

14.1 Project Executed by the Municipality ......................................................................................... 125

14.2 Projects to be carried out by Other Departments ...................................................................... 129

14.3 Means of Finance ........................................................................................................................ 129

14.4 Consolidated Means of Finance .................................................................................................. 136

14.5 Financial Sustainability ................................................................................................................ 137

14.6 Basic Assumptions for Projection ............................................................................................... 137

14.6.1 Population Growth .............................................................................................................. 137

14.6.2 Property Tax ........................................................................................................................ 138

14.6.3 Profession tax ...................................................................................................................... 138

14.6.4 Water Supply Charges ......................................................................................................... 138

14.6.5 Sewerage Charges ............................................................................................................... 138

14.6.6 Solid Waste Management ................................................................................................... 139




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14.6.7 Commercial Complex .......................................................................................................... 139

14.6.8 Vendor Zone ........................................................................................................................ 140

14.6.9 Construction of ISBT & Commercial Complexes ................................................................. 140

14.6.10 Construction of Bridges on Motijheel and Dhanauti River ................................................. 140

14.6.11 Development of Motijeel and Kekari Lakes ........................................................................ 140

14.6.12 Income from Parking Charges ............................................................................................. 140

14.6.13 Income from Advertisement ............................................................................................... 141

14.6.14 Other Existing Income ......................................................................................................... 141

14.6.15 Other Existing Expenses ...................................................................................................... 141

14.6.16 Operation & Maintenance Expenses .................................................................................. 141

14.6.17 Interest ................................................................................................................................ 141

14.6.18 Depreciation ........................................................................................................................ 141

14.6.19 Deposit ................................................................................................................................ 142

14.7 Funding Pattern .......................................................................................................................... 142

14.8 Impact of Potential Improvements ............................................................................................. 142

14.9 Scenarios ..................................................................................................................................... 143

14.9.1 Scenario I – Estimation of Investment Capacity by considering all projects and all

financial reforms............................................................................................................................... 143

14.9.2 Scenario II – Estimation of Investment Capacity by considering all projects excluding

Education & Health and all financial reforms ..................................................................................... 143

14.9.3 Scenario III - Estimation of Borrowing and Investment Capacity by considering all Projects

without Financial Reforms .................................................................................................................. 144

14.10 Project Cash Flow and FOP ..................................................................................................... 145

14.11 Key Indicators of Scenario II with assumption II ..................................................................... 149

14.12 Inference ................................................................................................................................. 149

Annexure ............................................................................................................................ 150

Annexure 1: Stakeholder Consultation Format .................................................................... 150

Annexure 2: Ward wise Population of MMC 2001 ................................................................ 151

Annexure 3: Ward wise Literate Population & Literacy Rate in MMC ................................... 152

Annexure 4: Ward wise Comparative Sex Ratio .................................................................... 153

Annexure 5: Slum Population ............................................................................................... 154

Annexure 6: List of Stakeholders .......................................................................................... 155




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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1-1 Study Area Coverage ....................................................................................................................... 3

Table 2-1 Distance of towns / Cities from Motihari ...................................................................................... 12

Table 2-2 Study Area ..................................................................................................................................... 14

Table 2-3 Motihari Municipal Council Population Growth ........................................................................... 15

Table 2-4 Comparative Literacy Rate ............................................................................................................ 16

Table 2-5 Comparative Urban Sex Ratio ....................................................................................................... 16

Table 2-6 Population Projections for Motihari Municipal Council ............................................................... 16

Table 2-7 Comparative Urban Work Force Participation Rate ..................................................................... 18

Table 2-8 Type of industries .......................................................................................................................... 19

Table 2-9 Type of shops ................................................................................................................................ 20

Table 2-10 Land Use Distribution of Motihari .............................................................................................. 23

Table 2-11: Land Requirement for Urban Expansion, Motihari .................................................................... 24

Table 3-1 Location and capacity of OHTs ...................................................................................................... 27

Table 3-2 Type and Diameter of pipes existing water supply system .......................................................... 28

Table 3-3 Water supply service level bench marking and future strategies................................................. 29

Table 3-4 Estimated water requirement for the year of 2030 ..................................................................... 30

Table 3-5 Estimated water requirement for the year of 2030 ..................................................................... 31

Table 3-6 Estimated sewage generation ....................................................................................................... 32

Table 3-7 Sewerage service level bench marking and future strategies ...................................................... 33

Table 3-8 Type of Roads (Source: Municipal Council Motihari) .................................................................... 37

Table 3-9 Infrastructure facilities available for SWM ................................................................................... 41

Table 3-10 Solid waste management service level bench marking and future strategies ........................... 42

Table 3-11 Projections for solid waste generation ....................................................................................... 43

Table 4-1 List if Educational Institutes in Motihari ....................................................................................... 46

Table 4-2 Medical Facilities in Motihari ........................................................................................................ 47

Table 4-3 Theatres in Motihari ..................................................................................................................... 47

Table 4-4: Demand & Gap analysis for Educational facilities ....................................................................... 48

Table 4-5: Demand & Gap analysis for Health facilities ................................................................................ 48




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Table 5-1 Comparative Housing Stock .......................................................................................................... 50

Table 5-2 Comparative Ownership Status of Households in East Champaran District and Motihari

Municipal Council .......................................................................................................................................... 51

Table 5-3 Ward Wise Current Housing Demand (2001) ............................................................................... 53

Table 5-4 Future Housing Demand ............................................................................................................... 53

Table 7-1 Physi-chemical Characteristics of Motijheel ................................................................................. 65

Table 8-1: Classification of Municipal Assets ................................................................................................ 75

Table 8-2: Details of Municipal Immovable Assets ....................................................................................... 76

Table 8-3: Details of Municipal movable assets ............................................................................................ 76

Table 9-1: Functions of Motihari Municipal Council ..................................................................................... 80

Table 9-2 State level reforms Agenda ........................................................................................................... 82

Table 10-1: Summary of Revenue and Expenditure Sources ........................................................................ 94

Table 10-2: Income Profile of MMC, 2008-2010 ........................................................................................... 95

Table 10-3: Expenditure Profile of MMC, 2008-2010 ................................................................................... 96

Table 11-1: Proposed City level Steering Group ........................................................................................... 98

Table 13-1: Phase wise Investment required in all Sectors ........................................................................ 115

Table 14-1: Phase-Wise Projects to be executed by the Municipality ....................................................... 125

Table 14-2: Regional Level Projects to be carried out by Other Departments ........................................... 129

Table 14-3: Multi Year Investment Plan and Means of Finance ................................................................. 129

Table 14-4: Consolidated Means of Finance ............................................................................................... 136




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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1-1 Strategies, Projects, CIP and FOP ................................................................................................... 7

Figure 1-2 Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 8

Figure 2-1 Motihari Municipal Council ......................................................................................................... 10

Figure 2-2 Gandhi Garden ............................................................................................................................ 11

Figure 2-3 Motihari Municipal Council ......................................................................................................... 11

Figure 2-4 Motihari Distance from other Major Locations .......................................................................... 13

Figure 2-5 Study area – Motihari ................................................................................................................. 14

Figure 2-6 Population Growth Motihari ....................................................................................................... 15

Figure 2-7 Population Projections ................................................................................................................ 17

Figure 2-8 Work Force Participation ............................................................................................................. 18

Figure 2-9 Google Image of Motihari showing commercial areas and Informal activity Zones .................. 22

Figure 2-10: Existing Land Use Distribution .................................................................................................. 24

Figure 2-11: Spatial Growth Pattern of Motihari City (Source: Google Image 2011) ................................... 25

Figure 3-1: Existing water supply situational analysis .................................................................................. 29

Figure 3-2: Existing Sewerage system situational analysis ........................................................................... 31

Figure 3-3: Existing drainage flow directions ................................................................................................ 35

Figure 3-4: Percentage of vehicle population ............................................................................................... 39

Figure 3-5: Existing situational analysis as per service level bench marking ................................................ 41

Figure 5-1 Housing Condition in East Champaran District and Motihari Municipal Council ........................ 51

Figure 5-2 Ownership of Houses in Motihari Municipal Council .................................................................. 52

Figure 7-1: Major issues in Motijheel ........................................................................................................... 67

Figure 7-2: Environmentally Sensitive Zone- Motihari ................................................................................. 69

Figure 7-3: Flood Affected Map - Bihar ......................................................................................................... 70

Figure 7-4 Earthquake zones – Bihar ............................................................................................................ 71

Figure 7-5: Wind & Cyclone zones – Bihar .................................................................................................... 72

Figure 9-1: Organization Structure of MMC ................................................................................................. 81

Figure 10-1: Structure of MMC Finances ...................................................................................................... 94

Figure 10-2 Share of various heads of Income of MMC, 2008-10 ................................................................ 96




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Figure 10-3 Share of various heads of Expenditure of MMC, 2008-10 ......................................................... 97

Figure 13-1: Expenditure of MMC, 2008-09 ............................................................................................... 116




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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

BIS : Bureau of Indian Standards

BPL : Below Poverty Line

BEB : Bihar Electricity Board

BSPCB : Bihar State Pollution Control Board

BSRTC : Bihar State Road Transport Corporation

BSTDC : Bihar State Tourism Development Corporation Ltd.

CAA : Constitutional Amendment Act

CBO : Community Based Organisation

CDP : City Development Plan

CFL : Compact Fluorescent Lamp

CFT : Cubic Feet

CGWB : Central Ground Water Board

CIP : Capital Investment Plan

CLSG : City Level Steering Group

CoI : Census of India

CPCB : Central Pollution Control Board

DEO : District Education Officer

DFID : Department For International Development

DPC : District Planning Committee

DU : Dwelling Unit

EE : Executive Engineer

EWS : Economic Weaker Section

FOP : Financial Operating Plan

GoB : Government of Bihar

GoI : Government of India

Ha. : Hectare

HH : Household

JNNURM : Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission

Km : Kilometer

LG : Lakh Gallon

LIG : Low Income Group

LPCD

mcm

MGD

:

:

:

Liter per capita per day

Million cubic meters

Million Gallon per Day

MIC : Mayor-In-Council

MLA : Member of Legislative Assembly

MLD : Million Liters per Day




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MMC : Motihari Municipal Council

MPC : Metropolitan Planning Committee

NGO : Non-Governmental Organisation

NHAI : National Highway Authority of India

NH : National Highway

NIDM : National Institute of Disaster Management

OBC : Other Backward Class

OHT : Over Head Tank

O&M : Operation and Maintenance

PHED : Public Health Engineering Department

PIC : President-In-Council

ppha : People per hectare

PPP : Public Private Partnership

PWD : Public Works Department

RAY : Rajiv Awas Yojana

RBC : Reinforced Brick Concrete

RCC : Reinforced Cement Concrete

RoB : Road over Bridge

RWH : Rain Water Harvesting

SC : Scheduled Caste

SH : State Highway

SPUR : Support Programme for Urban Reforms in Bihar

Sq. Km. : Square Kilometers

ST : Scheduled Tribe

STP : Sewerage Treatment Plant

SWM : Solid Waste Management

SWOT : Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat

TCPD : Town & Country Planning Department

ToR : Terms of Reference

UDHD : Urban Development & Housing Department

UDPFI : Urban Development Plan Formulation and Implementations

ULB : Urban Local Body

ULCRA : Urban Land Ceiling & Regulation Act

VSPL : Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd

WFPR : Work Force Participation Rate

WTP : Water Treatment Plant




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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Introduction

Urban centers have a vital role in India’s socio-economic transformation and change. These account for

30% of the total population, notwithstanding, most cities and towns are severely stressed in terms of

infrastructure and service availability, and their growth and development is constrained by indifferent

implementation of the 74th Constitution Amendment Act (CAA), 1992. The Government of India

launched the JNNURM in December 2005. The aim of the Mission is to encourage reforms driven, fast

track, planned development of identified cities with focus on efficiency in urban infrastructure and

service delivery mechanisms, community participation, and accountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULB)

towards citizens. In continuation with JNNURM, Govt. of Bihar launched SPUR for the state.

The Support Programme for Urban Reforms in Bihar (SPUR) is based on the premise that effective urban

centers play significant role in economic growth and poverty reduction by providing the nuclei for greater

economic activities and services that can contribute to pro-poor development.

To enhance development in the state, the assignment seeks to provide support to various local bodies of

Bihar in preparing City Development Plans (CDP). The CDPs shall provide comprehensive long-term

strategy (Vision 2030) along with City Investment Plan (CIP) based on which the local body will access

funds under Government of India (GoI) and Government of Bihar (GoB) schemes, from SPUR supported

by DFID as well as from other sources and Financial Operating Plan (FOP), which assists the ULBs to have

financial sustainability.

Motihari - City Development Plan

City Development Plan for Motihari city is both a perspective and vision for the future development. CDP

is essentially a participatory process and is based on invaluable inputs received from the various

stakeholders and the officers associated with the development of the city. This CDP, therefore, truly

reflects the vision of the citizens including the poor and the slum dwellers and the members of Motihari

Municipal council along with other officials who are determined to make Motihari a futuristic city in the

next few years.

The CDP formulation process involves studying the current stage of city’s growth and development,

setting out the direction for change, finding the gaps in service delivery along with identifying the thrust

areas and suggesting the strategies and interventions for bringing in the required change. An analysis of

the data collected from secondary sources and through stake holder consultations, interactive sessions/

interviews was done to make a realistic assessment of where the city is and the direction in which it has

been moving, with respect to demography, economic activities, land use, poverty, urban infrastructure,

environment, institutional and financial aspects to see the implications for service delivery and urban

management.




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One of the key components of the City Development Plan is long term strategic Vision for development of

the city. This Vision defines the objective of the city in terms of its long-term aspirations. Supporting this

Vision is a set of development objectives. These objectives put forward specific targets that the city

wishes to achieve in the given period.

Motihari City Vision - 2030

During the individual discussions and during the workshops the stakeholders discussed and debated the

various issues and have articulated that the Vision for Motihari should consider the following aspects

while formulating the Vision.

An environment friendly city with excellent infrastructure and sustainable development.

Development of a Slum free and pollution free city.

Promote it as a Tourist hub.

Planned residential layouts with provision of social and physical infrastructure.

The stakeholders formulate the Vision for the City of Motihari by consensus approach and through

continued consultation with the community in an integrated and cohesive manner considering the

strengths, current issues, concerns, problems and the future focus areas to achieve the desired results.

Significance of Motihari


Presence of Moti Jheel in the heart of the city

Presence of 8 Ox – bow lake in the hinterland within a radius of 10-12 km of the city

Major producer of Sugar cane , Vegetable , Fish & Grain

Strong connectivity

District headquarter of East-Champaran

Vision Formulation

“To Develop Motihari as Rapturous city having attraction of Aqua-tourism with Agro -processing

based marketing / Trading.”

Motihari City: Overview

Motihari is Northwestern town in state of Bihar . The Municipality of Motihari was established in 1879

and now it is the district head quarter of East Champaran. Two eminent personalities related to Motihari

are Mahatama Gandhi and George Orwell, One was well renowned for his lethal weapon “AHINSA” (Non-

Violence) where as the other used his pen against social injustice and totalitarianism. Moti Jheel is the

pride and main attaraction of this city, which is divided into two parts and the whole city surrounds it.




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Population Growth

The population growth of the town has been recording fluctuating trends in the past decades. There has

been unique upsurge in the population growth in the decade 1971-81 when the population growth rate

shot up by a whopping 56% which was caused due to the large influx of refugee population from

Bangladesh erstwhile East Pakistan in the wake of the war of independence of Bangladesh. The growth

rate came down successively yet recorded higher trends at 34% in 1991 and 30% in 2001. This has been

due to the facts that the town being the Administrative Headquarter and enjoying strong connectivity

and at the same time being bestowed upon with the availability of ample infrastructure facilities- giving

push to the growth of the town.

The population projections is done by five different methods and analyzed with relation to polynomial

curve and previous population growth trend-line of 1951 to 2011, finally adopted the average of

Incremental Increase Method, Exponential Method and Geometric progression Method Because the

curve line of average of these three method suitably match with the previous growth trend line of 1951-

2011. Future population projected for the Motihari is Approximately 206547.

Economic Profile

The economic base of the city is consisting of sugar milling, oil seeds and trade of agro base products.

Motihari has a few sugar mills, which are now mostly old and dilapidated condition or totally closed.

Shree Hanuman Sugar & Industries Ltd, which was established in 1932, had closed in 2002. Recently the

govt. has taken incentive to rejuvenate the old sugar mills in Motihari Region and proposed to develop

Motihari as agro based market town because the region is largest producer of sugar cane, fisheries,

potatoes and other vegetables. Its proximity to Nepal border and strong connectivity is also favorable for

economic Development.

24489 32620

37032

57911

77432

100683

126,106

161,474

206,547

1.00 0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

19

51

19

61

19

71

19

81

19

91

20

01

20

10

20

20

20

30

Po

pu

lati

on

Year

Census Population

Linear Trend Method (A)

Arithmetic ProgressionMethod (B)

Incremental IncreaseMethod ©

Exponential Method (D)

Geometric ProgressionMethod (E)

Average of A, B & C

Average of C, D & E

Average of A, B, C, D & E

Poly. (Census Population)




Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd | FINAL REPORT P a g e | xvii

Urban growth: Scenario of Spatial Spread of the City

The main features that have shaped the development of the city are its topography and the

transportation routes. The Motihari town has developed along and on both sides of the Moti Jheel and

along the main access road towards Muzaffarpur and West Champaran (Bettiah). The town has

development towards North West side and South West side of the town along the National Highway 24-A

and State Highway 54 towards Raxaul. Encroachments are observed at Moti Jheel and along its

embankments, people have built their houses.

The present and the future growth directions are towards the western and southern side and along the

National and State highways. Low-lying areas in the Northwestern direction and presence of Kareri Lake

in Southeast are obstructing city development in these Directions.

Physical Infrastructure: Existing Situational Analysis and Strategies

Water Supply

Motihari is located in high yield ground water zone so the entire water supply system of Motihari is

predominantly dependent upon ground water. There are seven tube wells scattered over various parts of

the city. In addition, there are about 199 hand pumps installed at various locations, which help in meeting

the demand of water supply of the weaker sections of the society. The current groundwater level varies

from 16 ft to 22 ft.

Although the city has water supply network, the existing scenario of water supply is not adequate. Total

coverage of water supply connections is only 21.76 percent of total households and per-capita water

supply is only 19 LPCD against the normative standard of 135 LPCD. Motihari city optimistically is having a

good quality of water and water table because the area receive good amount of rainfall during the rainy

season. The table 0-1 indicates that water losses are 50%, which is quite high as per benchmark. Water

losses and low water supply persist due to existence of an aged and defunct network in the city. Apart

from these, the uses of GI pipes for household connections lead to leakage and contamination. Continuity

of water supply is also not consistent because of deficiency of power supply. It should also be observed

that the cost recovery of water supply is poor as the collection efficiency of the MMC is impecunious.

Considering the challenges related to water in the city, following strategies for different horizon years

have been identified. The water supply coverage and access to piped water supply in Motihari need to be

enhanced to 100% by year 2015. Per capita water supply should be maintained at 135 LPCD by increasing

hours of supply. Unaccounted for water needs to be determined and reduced to 20% or lower by year

2014. It is envisaged for 100% O&M recovery to be achieved by year 2015.




Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd | FINAL REPORT P a g e | xviii

Table 0-1: Service Level Benchmarks, Strategies and Goals: Water Supply

Sector Indicator Benchmark

Unit

Year

2010-11 (current)

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

Wat

er

Sup

ply

Coverage of water supply connections

100 % 21.76 35 60 85 100

Per capita supply of water 135 lpcd 19 30 70 110 135

Extent of metering of water connections

100 % 0 25 60 90 100

Extent of non-revenue water 20 % 50 45 35 20 20

Continuity of water supply 24 hr. 2 6 12 18 24

Quality of water supplied 100 % 80 90 100 100 100

Efficiency in redressing of customer complaints

80 % 50 65 80 80 80

Cost recovery in water supply services

100 % 30 45 60 75 100

Efficiency in collection of water supply related charges

90 % 30 50 70 90 90

Source: SPUR, Bihar (2011) and Stakeholder Consultation

Motihari water supply scheme is already under pipeline, 18 MLD water requirements are estimated for

the year of 2033 that is below the projection done by VSPL. Thus augmentation of existing scheme is

proposed.

Sewerage & Sanitation

There is no sewerage system in the city. Some households have their own septic tanks to handle

domestic sewage. The sewage from remaining households and other commercial establishments along

with the storm water flows in the Nallahs across the MMC. Approximately 3.8 MLD sewage flows into

various Nallahs daily or has been accumulated in the low-lying areas and Moti Jheel, which is creating

unhygienic living conditions for the local residents. As per census 2001, only 12510 households are

containing toilets and 19.6 percent still practice open defecation. The sewage of the city is disposed into

septic tank, soak pits and finally into the Moti Jheel and Dhanauti river. There are 7 public toilets and 4

community toilets present in the city, which are not appropriately maintained, or not in good condition.

The main issues related to sewage emerge due to the absence of proper sewage system resulting in the

waste water and effluent from septic tanks getting discharged into Nallahs and ultimately into Moti Jheel

consequently, deteriorating the quality of underground water. This leads to unhygienic and insanitary

conditions in the city, especially during rains, when the condition is worsened due to stagnation of

effluent discharging in the low-lying areas.

Considering the above challenges, strategies for different horizon years has been identified. The coverage

of sewerage system in MMC area needs to be enhanced to 100% by year 2015. By year 2015 100%

treatment and disposal of wastewater is targeted. Similarly recycle and reuse of treated water is targets

to reach 20% by year 2015. In addition to that, 100% recovery of O&M cost is expected to be achieved by

2016.




Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd | FINAL REPORT P a g e | xix

Table 0-2: Service Level Benchmarks, Strategies and Goals: Sewerage & Sanitation


Unit

Year

2010-11 (current)

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16

Sew

era

ge

Coverage of toilets 100 % 61.53 70 80 90 100 100

Coverage of sewage network services

100 % 0 0 35 70 100 100

Collection efficiency of the sewage network

100 % 0 0 35 70 100 100

Adequacy of sewage treatment capacity

100 % 0 0 35 70 100 100

Quality of sewage treatment 100 % 0 0 35 70 100 100

Extent of reuse and recycling of treated sewage

20 % 0 0 0 10 20 20

Efficiency in redressal of customer complaints

80 % 0 20 60 80 80 80

Extent of cost recovery in sewage management

100 % 0 0 20 40 80 100

Efficiency in collection of sewage charges

90 % 0 0 20 40 65 90


Solid Waste Management

In Motihari Municipal Council area 30 tons of waste is generated per day. Per capita generation is about

240 gram per day. The organic component of the waste is about 30%-50% (as per Municipal council).

There is neither provision for door-to-door collection and nor for waste segregation by Municipality. Solid

waste is collected through street sweeping only. There is no organized and scientifically designed disposal

site for waste. In addition, the infrastructure and person power available for solid waste management is

insufficient.

The issues that come up are dumping of garbage along road and Nallahs resulting in unhygienic and

unhealthy conditions besides pollution. The major constraint that was found during survey is the lack of

awareness related to solid waste management and disposal, among the citizens. A public sense has to be

generated by proposing awareness programmes. Transportation of the waste is not done properly.

Municipal council has not introduced covered vehicles or container for transportation of waste. Loading

and unloading is done manually by coolies and sweepers from the Municipal Council. Tables 0.3 shows

that as per the Service level benchmark study service provided are below the normative standards.

Strategies and goals for Comprehensive Solid Waste Management system are formulated on the basis of

service level bench mark study, existing and future demand situation along with stakeholder

consultations to ensure that citizens of Motihari will be provided with environment friendly and

sustainable waste management system with complete and safe disposal facilities along with waste

reduction and O&M recovery mechanisms in place. The CDP suggests for 100% door-to-door collection,

segregation of waste, scientific disposal by the year 2014-15. Table 0.3 presents the year wise goals for

the strategies to be achieved related to SWM. These could be taken up through PPP mode.




Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd | FINAL REPORT P a g e | xx

Table 0-3: Service Level Benchmarks, Strategies and Goals: Solid Waste Management

Sector Indicator Benchm

ark Unit

Year

2010-11 (current)

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16

Solid

Was

te M

anag

eme

nt

Household level coverage of solid waste management services

100 % 0 20 50 80 100 100

Efficiency of collection of municipal solid waste

100 % 50 65 80 100 100 100

Extent of segregation of municipal waste

100 % 0 15 35 55 75 100

Extent of municipal solid waste recovered

80 % 0 0 20 40 60 80

Extent of scientific disposal of municipal solid waste

100 % 0 0 0 50 100 100

Efficiency in redressing of customer complaints

80 % 50 65 80 80 80 80

Extent of cost recovery in SWM services

100 % 0 35 70 100 100 100

Efficiency in collection of SWM charges

90 % 0 35 70 100 100 100


Drainage

The city lacks an efficient drainage system, which is the major cause of flooding even during short spells

of rainfall. The total length of drains in the city area is approximately 97.2 Km, which is below the

standard.

The households discharge their wastewater in these drains. It is also observing that Moti Jheel situated in

the middle of the town from east to west, is the main out fall /discharge point for domestic waste and

storm water of the town. It has total area around 80 hectares and its water depth varies from 3.5m in

rainy season to 1m in dry weather. Presently, Moti Jheel receives all the untreated domestic sewage of

the town through open drains, as the municipality has neither sewerage facilities nor any sewage

treatment plants. The main drains leading to this Jheel are listed below:

Rowing club drain ,Cold storage drain ,Maduban Chowk Drain ,Main road drain at Bhavanipur ,Roxy

Cinema Drain ,Gyan Babu chowk Nala, Jaun pul Nala ,Nala from old Bus Stand, Nala Near Sugar factory,

and Nala From L.N.D College.

Table 0-4: Service Level Benchmarks, Strategies and Goals: Storm Water Drainage


Unit Year

2010-11 (current)

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

Sto

rm

Wat

er

Dra

inag

e Coverage of storm water drainage network

100 % 50 65 80 100

Incidence of water logging & flooding 0 No. 1 0 0 0





Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd | FINAL REPORT P a g e | xxi

Motihari city being in the flood prone zone needs to have comprehensive drainage strategies and goals.

These should include state and regional level along with city level strategies. Strategies and action plans

are being formulated at state level so these strategies are not included in the CDP. The CDP suggests for

preparation and implementation of Drainage Master Plan for the city along with the awareness

generation programmes for successful implementation. Also, de-silting and proper lining of drains.

The benchmark study for drainage also suggests certain goals, which are to achieve 100% coverage of the

city by storm water drainage network by the year 2013-14 and to exterminate the incidence of water

logging and flooding by 2012.

Road and Transportation

The total length of surfaced road in the MMC is 162 km, out of which nearby 80% are ULB roads. The

average width of the surfaced roads in city varies from 5m to 6m, which is further reduced to 3m to 4m

due to encroachments of roads beside pavement. The overall road network in the city is not adequate as

less than 10% of area is under circulation against the standard of 15-20%. The road network system is

deficient also in terms of geometric and traffic management. Gandhi Chowk, Balua Chowk, Madhubani

chowk, Chandmari chowk, Gyan Babu Chowk, Gayatree mandir chowk and chhatauni chowk are the

major traffic nodes of the city. Most of the existing main roads in city are not properly maintained and

needs to be improved. Absence of road infrastructure and pedestrian facilities e.g. footpath, subways,

dividers, bus stops, signages, markings, guard rails and signals etc. causes congestion in internal road. All

arterial roads in MMC are of kutcha type. These roads are also in very poor condition. Further, there are

no drains along the roads. Existing terminal lacks of supporting infrastructure. Because of the absence of

Transport Nagar, heavy vehicles are parked along the major roads, which are also resulting traffic jam and

accidents. There have been rampant encroachments, both permanent and temporary, significant

proportion of slow-moving traffic and absence of pedestrian paths. This has resulted in reduced capacity

of the roads, especially in inner city and market roads.

The strategies and goals for the improvement of roads and transportation system are to develop proper

parking spaces at important and congested commercial areas. CDP also suggests widening and

improvement of the roads along with the provision of other infrastructure, laying of new roads,

refurbishment of ISBT with commercial complex, improvement and beautification of major intersections,

and development of transport nagar adjoining NH-28 A. To have systematic and organized traffic flow

proper traffic management is also suggested. To achieve these strategies goals are suggested which are

translated into various projects.

Housing, Slums & Social Infrastructure

The general housing condition in Motihari is not good because of poor infrastructure facilities. The

average household size is 6.59. The occupancy rate is very high representing the housing demands and

poor living condition.

The population of the urban poor in MMC as indicated in 2010 (SPUR Survey) is 24440 i.e.24 percent of the total population. This is higher as compared with the national average of 21.25%. The service level proposed to be provided to the urban poor is required to be upgraded. Special attention will be given to housing for the urban poor. The slum dwellers have poor access to the basic services like sewage, drainage, water supply and sanitation facilities thus, lead a poor quality of life. Most of the slum dwellers depend on hand pumps for water and are deprived of toilet facility resulting in practice of open




Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd | FINAL REPORT P a g e | xxii

defecation. Absence of drainage system and solid waste management in slums, results in unhealthy and unhygienic conditions. There are state level programmes, which are ongoing for poverty alleviation and slum upgradation, which are being implemented in MMC as well. In addition, the CDP suggests having a comprehensive slum upgradation strategy, which should include land tenure policy, capacity-building programmes for community development and development of institutions based on community participation to be implemented under the ongoing programmes in Bihar state. At present, there are 40 of primary school and 17 senior secondary schools in Motihari. The condition of these primary and senior secondary schools is poor due to lack of supporting infrastructure. Sadar hospital is only the main hospital in the city but it is also distress from lack of staff and infrastructure facilities. There is also lack of specialized health facilities and people going for their treatment to Patna and Kolkata. The CDP has also suggested phase wise, requirement of various social infrastructure facilities based on the UDPFI guidelines to be provided in the city.

City Environment

Natural Hazards

Motihari lies in seismic zone IV that is high-risk zone. Therefore, development controls in the area require

earthquake resistant buildings and proper enforcement. The data of ambient air and quality of water is

not monitored. A study needs to be conducted and proper regulations need to be in place.

Water Bodies

Moti Jheel is the main water body of city. Moti Jheel situated in the middle of the town from east to west,

is the main out fall /discharge point for domestic waste and storm water of the town. It has total area

around 80-100 hectare and its water depth varies from 3.5 in rainy season to 1m in dry weather. The

east-west length of Jheel is nearly 3.5 to 4km. The main source of water in the Jheel is Sikarna link

Channel of nearly 3500 ft. length. Water comes in Jheel from Sikarna River through this link.

This link channel also carried the domestic sewage of the town to Moti Jheel throughout the year. Moti

Jheel is also connected with another Jheel known as Kerari Jheel. However, Kerari Jheel does not receive

any domestic sewage of the town.

Action plan & Strategies for conservation of Moti Jheel & Kerari Lake

Lake Basin Management

Act

ion

pla

n &

Str

ate

gie

s fo

r co

nse

rva

tio

n o

f

Mo

ti J

hee

l

Water Quality Management

Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) to treat effluents should be constructed to minimize effluent load on the lake.

Lying of proper sewage network is necessary and separation of sewage lines from storm water drains needs priority.

The catchment topography needs to be protected so that rain water flows in to the lake to sustain its hydrology

For reducing pressure on water supply system rainwater harvesting, recycle and reuse needs to be given priority.

Establishment of proper solid waste management

Formation of bio-conservation zone

• A ‘no development’ buffer zone around the lake

ensures protection from negative urban impacts.

• Bio-conservation zone extending between 50 to

100 meters in width depending on topography,

will act as an effective barrier to moderate the

negative impacts.

• In this eco-sensitive zone only plantation and

other eco-friendly activities should be allowed.

Introduction of composite fish culture

Aeration.

Establishment of lake conservation society to

ensure peoples participation.




Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd | FINAL REPORT P a g e | xxiii

Heritage and Tourism

Motihari holds its eminence as the birthplace of famous writer George Orwell, born Eric Arthur Blair and

of Mahatma Gandhi's Champaran Satyagraha.

Places in and around Motihari have had older links: Buddhism. The world's tallest Stupa is at Kesaria, just

an hour from Motihari. Motihari, thus, is a crucible of both the Gandhi and Buddhist circuits.

A museum and a stone pillar are there to commemorate Mahatma Gandhi's links with Motihari.

Gandhiji's courageous statement given before a magistrate is inscribed here on a stone. The 48-ft tall

Chunar stone pillar stands exactly on the place where Gandhiji was produced before the court of the sub-

divisional magistrate on April 18, 1917 for violating prohibitory orders.

Moti Jheel gives the awe-inspiring location for the city and positioned in the heart of the city. Moti Jheel

has a lot of prospective to be mounting as a regional level tourist spot. Moti Jheel developed into active

and passive recreation spaces for the citizens of Motihari, which will enrich the city’s (lung) open space

qualitatively and quantitatively. The lake basin line should be developed into a landscaped promenade,

balanced with hard and soft landscaping, to enable the spaces to serve a dual purpose of being a space

for leisure as well as a space for public gatherings and cultural programmes. Certain areas need to be

rehabilitated to make Lake Basin open to public, for which some area should be identified and

rehabilitation scheme needs to be implemented. Rehabilitation of the slum settlements along the Moti

Jheel to suitable locations of the city is necessary for the subsequent development of the lake basin.

Development of the Moti Jheel lake basin into a public promenade will subsequently lead to the

environmental up gradation of the city as well as improvement of the cityscape.

Urban Governance and Finance

At the state level implementation of reform agenda is being taken up which include effective

implementation of decentralization initiatives as envisaged in the 74th CAA, but all these reforms have

not yet been implemented in their complete essence at the city level. Hence, at ULB level it is important

to structure and implement a programme to expose all levels of municipal staff to convince them of the

need for change and hence need for relevant training and capacity building.

Thus, the reforms that the ULB should adopt to achieve the goal of good governance for providing good

quality of life and sustainable city to the population at large are as follows:

Mandatory urban reforms:

1. Property tax Reforms

2. Accounting Reforms

3. E-Governance - application of GIS and MIS

4. PPP Initiatives

5. Resource Mobilization Initiatives

Optional Reforms:

6. Revision of Building Bye laws for better structural safety for earthquake resilient buildings

7. Adoption of Single window system to make processes easy and streamlined




Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd | FINAL REPORT P a g e | xxiv

The revenue income of the MMC is 858 lakh in FY 2008 -09 and increased 887 lakh in the year of 2009-10.

Government grants are the major revenue sources for MMC. However, the MMC are unable to utilize

these sources to their optimum level.

The investment sustaining capacity of MMC is ascertained based on a financial operating plan (FOP),

which is essentially a 20-year forecast of municipal income and expenditure, based on certain trend-

based and revenue enhancement assumptions. Similarly, the investment phasing of control investment is

worked out and shown in investment phasing plan

Capital Investment Plan

The project’s identification has been done based on the strategies listed out under each of the sector.

The projects derived based on the MMC estimates and aimed at ensuring optimal and efficient utilization

of existing infrastructure systems. The total estimated capital investment required for providing efficient

services to the population of MMC by the year 2030 is about Rs. 80089.05 Lakhs. The table below

presents the summary of sector-wise investment requirements.

Table 0-5: Sector Wise Investment

Sector

Total Investment (Rs.

Lakh)

Phase-I (2011-15) Phase-II Phase-

III Phase-III

I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-14)

IV th Yr. (14-15)

2011-15 2015-20 2020-

25 2025-30

WATER SUPPLY 160.00 10.00 0.00 150.00 0.00 160.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

SEWERAGE 17170.00 110.00 4095.00 6660.00 5705.00 16570.00 150.00 150.00 300.00

DRAINAGE 6695.00 2825.00 3870.00 0.00 0.00 6695.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 883.37 42.50 265.02 0.00 0.00 307.52 137.01 145.77 293.07

URBAN TRANSPORTATION 9059.86 196.22 1338.65 2250.00 0.00 3784.86 925.00 250.00 4100.00

EDUCATION 550.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 550.00

HEALTH 11710.00 40.00 120.00 52.50 118.13 330.63 53.13 5013.13 6313.13

HOUSING & SLUMS 5650.00 1420.00 2115.00 2115.00 0.00 5650.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

URBAN ENVIRONMENT 315.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 305.00 0.00 0.00

HERITAGE & TOURISM 9900.00 2287.50 6862.50 0.00 0.00 9150.00 750.00 0.00 0.00

ECONOMY, TRADE & COMMERCE 10140.00 65.00 75.00 0.00 0.00 140.00 7500.00 2500.00 0.00

URBAN GOVERNANCE 575.00 162.50 412.50 0.00 0.00 575.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Sub Total 72808.23 7168.72 19153.67 11227.50 5823.13 43373.01 9820.14 8058.90 11556.20

Land Acquisition & other escalations @ 10% 7280.82 716.87 1915.37 1122.75 582.31 4337.30 982.01 805.89 1155.62

TOTAL 80089.05 7885.59 21069.03 12350.25 6405.44 47710.31 10802.15 8864.79 12711.81




Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd | FINAL REPORT P a g e | xxv

Financial Operating Plan

The sustainability analysis assumes that the Municipality will carry out reforms indicated as assumptions

for financial projections. A Financial and Operating Plan (FOP) is prepared which evaluates the Local Body

Fund status for the Full Project scenario.

The FOP is a cash flow stream of the ULB based on the regular Municipality revenues, expenditures and

applicability of surplus funds to support project sustainability. The FOP horizon is determined to assess

the impact of full debt servicing liability resulting from the borrowings to meet the identified

interventions. The proposed capital investments are phased over 20 years investment from FY 2011-12 to

FY 2029-30.

The full project investment scenario is based on all the proposed investments identified for Motihari

Municipality and the requirement for upgrading the town’s infrastructure is estimated and phased based

on the construction activity. Implications of this investment in terms of external borrowings required,

resultant debt service commitment and additional operation and maintenance expenditure are worked

out to ascertain sub-project cash flows. Revenue surpluses of the existing operations are applied to the

sub-project cash flows emerging from full project investments – the Municipality fund net surpluses

indicates the ULB’s ability to sustain full investments.

FY 2011-12 is taken as the base year and FY 2030 is assumed as the reference year (30 years) to

determine the net surpluses and whether the Municipality maintains a debt / revenue surplus ratio as an

indication of the ULB’s ability to sustain investments

The FOP is based on a whole range of assumptions related to income and expenditure. These are critical

to ascertain the investment sustenance and would also provide a tool to test certain specific policy

decisions regarding revenue and expenditure drivers on the overall Local Body’s fiscal situation. This

section elucidated the key assumptions adopted for the FOP scenario.

The growth rates for the various heads of income and expenditure have been arrived based on the past

growth rates and the future estimated population growth. Improvements to the existing current and

arrears collection percentages have been assumed for the various revenues directly collected by the Local

Body, which implies that the Local Body would have to improve its collection mechanism to sustain full

investments.

Three scenarios have been worked out to check financial sustainability of ULB under different

assumptions. The scenarios considered are:

Scenario I - Estimation of Investment Capacity by considering all projects and all financial reforms

Scenario II - Estimation of Investment Capacity by considering all projects excluding Education and Health

and all financial reforms

Scenario III - Estimation of Borrowing and Investment Capacity by considering all Projects without

Financial Reforms.




Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd | FINAL REPORT P a g e | xxvi

Inference

It can thus be concluded that the Municipality would be in a position to undertake the projects mentioned in FOP only if the financial reforms are carried out.

The borrowing capacity of Motihari Municipality works out to Rs. 12200 lacs.

The investment capacity of Motihari Municipality works out to Rs. 61100 lacs.

As against the total investment requirement of Rs. 60500 lacs, the investment capacity works out to Rs. 61100 lacs. Thus, the sustainable investment capacity works out to 101%.

Considering the investment capacity at Rs. 61100 lacs all the projects except for health and education sector mentioned in the FOP, can be undertaken by the Municipality.

As already discussed, projects under Education and Health are to be undertaken mainly by way of Grants; the Municipality can go ahead and undertake these projects also.

Motihari Municipality can prioritize the projects to be undertaken by the Municipality. Thus all projects indicated as ‘A’ in the priority list can be taken up immediately and the projects indicated as ‘B’ in the priority list can be spread out over the next 10 years.

But the Municipality should also look at the possibility of increasing revenue from other sources like sale of services, rental income from properties etc. This would improve the viability of the Municipality and there by undertake more projects.

Overall Assessment

The table below indicates the assessment of the existing service delivery levels for Motihari city. The gist

of overall assessment shows that the status of physical infrastructure and environment sustainability are

either alarming or below average except in case of coverage of individual toilets; financial management

of the ULB is alarming w.r.t. operating ratio but average w.r.t. revenue income; population below poverty

line is also alarming; organizational structure and economic development potential, community

participation and ULB’s compliance to reforms are either average or alarming.

SN Parameter Indicators Motihari

1 Status of Infrastructure and Service Delivery Levels

a. Coverage of Water Supply

b. Per Capita Availability of Water

c. Continuity of Water Supply

d. Coverage of Individual Toilets

e. Door to Door Collection

f. Collection Efficiency of Solid Waste

2 Financial Management

a. Operating Ratio




Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd | FINAL REPORT P a g e | xxvii

SN Parameter Indicators Motihari

b. Growth in Revenue Income

3 Poverty Level

a. Population Below Poverty Line (BPL)

4 Organization Structure

a. Staffing pattern, availability of sufficient staff, competency level of existing staff for implementing proposed projects

5 Leadership

a. Leadership quality, awareness and understanding regarding urban sector, proactive approach for implementing reform measures

6

Economic Development Potential

a. Potential for Development, linkages to the state capital and other cities, status of existing infrastructure

7 Environment Sustainability

a. Status of Environment, quality of water, air

8 Participation

a. Level of Participation from Citizen/Citizen Forums/Welfare Association in municipal affairs

9 Compliance with Reforms

a. Status of reform implementation and preparedness for implementation

Legend for colour coding

Alarming

Below Average

Average

Good




Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd | FINAL REPORT P a g e | 1

1. PROJECT BACKGROUND

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Bihar is one of the poorest and least urbanized states in India with 41% of the population classified as

poor as per the Below Poverty Line (BPL) Survey for the states. In the past few years, the policies have

witnessed significant change with the formulation of several reform-oriented policies conducive to long-

term goals for development.

The Support Programmed for Urban Reforms in Bihar (SPUR) is one of such pilot project of the state

govt., which is based on the premise that effective urban centers play a significant role in economic

growth and poverty reduction by providing the nuclei for greater economic activity, and services that can

contribute to pro-poor development.

In the first phase of the short term and proceed with the development process over to the next phases to

achieve the mission of the towns by the horizon year 2030. Thus, the SPUR goals are to promote

economic growth, reduce poverty in an accelerated manner in the state of Bihar by 2016, to redeem the

present situation by the target year 2016 and to carry the development process.

To enhance development in the state, the assignment seeks to provide support to various local bodies of

Bihar in preparing City Development Plans1 (CDP). The CDPs shall provide comprehensive long term

strategy (Vision 2030) classified into Immediate Term (5 years), Short Term (10 years), Medium Term (15

years) and end (20 years) along with City Investment Plan (CIP) based on which the local body will assess

funds under Government of India (GoI) and Government of Bihar (GoB) schemes, from SPUR supported

by DFID as well as from other sources.

The State Govt. has selected 28 towns for the preparation of City Development Plan. These towns have

been grouped into 5 clusters on the basis of the administrative divisions with the district headquarters

awarding the work of preparation of these CDPs to the consultants on cluster basis.

The CDPs of the Cluster-4 Towns comprising of Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga, Bettiah, Sitamarhi, Motihari and

one more town of Munger under Cluster-5 has been awarded to VSPL.

1.2 SCOPE OF WORK

The scope of work covers the following

Assess the demand supply gaps for identified Projects

1 A City Development Plan (CDP) is both a perspective and a vision for the future development of a city. It addresses

four prime questions – Where are we now? Where do we want to go? What do we need to address on a priority basis? What interventions do we make in order to attain the vision? (JNNURM Toolkit 2)





Provide Financial Assessment of the Urban Local Bodies – As assessment of local finances (past 5

years) in terms of sources and uses of funds, base and base of levy, revision history and impacts,

state assignments and transfers – base and basis of transfer and its predictability; uses of funds

outstanding liabilities (loans, power dues, pension etc.) and a review of revenue and services

management arrangements,

Suggest measures to increase the general level of service, coverage and quality of municipal

services in both poor and non poor localities,

Improvements in staffing and management arrangements in delivery of services,

Outlining issues in revenue realizations, quality of existing assets in relation to service levels and

coverage and institutional constraints,

Developing quick indicators of performance, based on current coverage and additional

population in the short terms (10 years) and units costs,

Estimating city level investment requirement for up-gradation of city wide infrastructure,

Preparing a comprehensive asset Management Plan for existing and proposed investment and

use fiscal notes and policy analysis to assist in making informed choices to achieve sector/ city

goals,

Define priority assets and indicative costs of rehabilitation,

Conducting fiscal impacts analysis of investments: life cycle O&M cost, revenues from project,

and costs/ impacts on finances and of not doing the projects,

Exploring funding options for rehabilitation of facilities and

Preparing a realistic Financial Operating Plan (FOP) based on availability of resources and ability

to leverage additional resources.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The aim of the assignment is to visualize the city in the next 20 years; the key objectives are listed below,

Define the growth directions and service up-gradations in relation to the activity mix/ growth,

Assess the demand- supply gap in services to estimate and prioritize project requirements,

Define specific rehabilitation and capital improvement needs with regards to priority city

infrastructure in both slums and other areas,

Define specific rehabilitation and capital improvement needs with regards to priority city

infrastructure in both slums and other areas,

Define revenue enhancement and revenue management improvements required to sustain the

investment proposed,

Reform required in local administration and service delivery to ensure financial sustainability and

improvements in service levels,

Suggest changes required at the local level to improve Operation & Maintenance (O&M) of assets

including use of different institutional and PPP models,

Address common growth and infrastructure issues





1.4 COVERAGE OF THE STUDY AREA

The City Development Plan will be formulated for Motihari Municipal Council that covers a total area of

13.52 Sq. Km

Table 1-1 Study Area Coverage

S .NO NAME OF TOWN AREA (HA) AREA (SQ. KM)

1 Motihari Municipal Council Area 1,352 13.52

Source: Motihari Municipal Council

1.5 METHODOLOGY

Preparation of CDP is divided into five stages. The detailed stepwise methodology has been highlighted in

the following section:

Phase I: Inception Stage

To review and analyze the current status and unique features of the city with regard to the state of its

development, systems and procedures, as equally its institutional and financial context. This stage

involves the following activities:

Activity 1: Preliminary Meeting, Data Collection and Review

Task 1: Preliminary Meeting

The assignment commenced with the preliminary meeting with the Mayor, Commissioner and officials of

Motihari Municipal Council to understand their requirements from this assignment. Following activities

were undertaken

Introductory meeting with the Mayor, Municipal Commissioner, Heads of Departments,

Councilors, representatives of ongoing urban programmes, etc.

Identification of line departments and key stakeholders for urban service delivery and

development such as Development Authority, Municipal Council, local Chamber of Commerce,

NGOs, CBOs, etc.

Preliminary List of key stakeholders that need to be involved in the planning process, etc. was

prepared.

Task 2: Reconnaissance Survey and data collection

Introductory meeting with the key stakeholders and procurement of base maps were done which was

followed by reconnaissance survey and initial data collection process. Data collection was carried out

using the data checklist and Performa attached in Annexure 1. Following activities were taken up:

Field reconnaissance was conducted to determine growth patterns of the city, characteristics of

the slums and environmentally sensitive areas etc.

Obtained base maps and available secondary data on the city’s demographics, master plan,

reports prepared under past and current urban development programmes, Motihari Municipal





Council annual budget reports, Motihari Municipal Council reports giving status of service

delivery and other relevant documents on heritage listing, data on slums and urban poor,

government policy documents.

Activity 2: Stakeholder consultation and Kick off Workshop

Task 3: Pre-workshop stakeholder consultation and formation of CLSG

At this stage, list of stakeholders was prepared. These groups were categorized as primary and secondary

stakeholders. Sample of stakeholders were selected for preliminary consultation. Discussions were

carried out through structured questionnaires. Based on the stakeholder list and preliminary

consultation, the members of City Level Steering Group (CLSG) were identified. The CLSG was finalized

after discussions with Urban Local Body.

Task 4: Kick-off workshop

VSPL with Motihari Municipal Council support organized a one-day kick-off workshop to familiarize the

stakeholders with the purpose, process and expected outcomes of the CDP and strive to generate

enthusiasm, understanding and commitment to the CDP. In the workshop the CLSG would be launched.

The formation of the Steering Committee was ratified at this workshop. Critical Sectors were highlighted

for which detail analysis was carried out.

Activity 3: Preliminary Situational Analysis

Task 5: Preliminary Situational Analysis

Preliminary analysis was done based on secondary data collection and stakeholder consultations. Post

data analysis and the kick-off workshop Situational analysis would be carried out. The analysis and

assessment would include:

Regional Setting, Administrative Boundary, Demography, Economy (Potential for local/regional

economic development), Urban Growth, Land use change, Biophysical environment.

Urban Basic Services: water supply, sanitation, municipal solid waste & disposal, drainage,

roads/urban transport, urban environment, health and education, fire services.

Institutional Arrangements of key stakeholders and their roles & responsibilities in city planning

with reference to delivery and management of urban basic services

Financial framework of key stakeholder agencies involved in service delivery and O&M.

Deliverables: Inception Report

Phase II: Sectoral Assessment and City Profile

Activity 4: Sect oral Assessment and City Profile

In this stage a detailed analysis is carried out for key sectors - infrastructure, housing, environment,

economy, governance, finance etc. Besides, special focus was given to the following sectors:

Study of economic opportunity and potential for Local/regional economic development, with

special reference to the poor.





Access to land, housing, social and environmental services and livelihood for urban poor

Drinking Water Supply

Waste Water Collection, Transportation, Treatment and Final Disposal

Storm Water Drainage and Final Disposal

Solid Waste Management including treatment and final disposal

Transport study with emphasis on low cost public transport and livelihoods and traffic

Management

Heritage conservation and tourism

Environmental sustainability

Land issues- Availability, land use, land management, regulations and future needs

Assessment of the “Planning’ role of the urban local body especially its ability to implement the

CDP

The constraints to setting up business – registration, approval processes, registration of plots

To undertake the study, VSPL interacted with various stakeholder groups (meetings, workshops, focus

group discussions, etc.) and review relevant publications, reports, GOs, resolutions, procedures, laws

other related matters to analyse the current situation in each of the key sectors.

The findings from the sector analysis is used to prepare the City Profile consisting of the assessment of

the existing situation in all the sectors identified, emerging issues, SWOT analysis and projections of the

present gaps and future requirements.

Deliverables: City Profile and Sector Assessment Report

Phase III: Development of city vision and sector goals and strategies

Activity 5 : Benchmark study

At this stage bench mark study will be done to list best practices for urban development. Best practice

study will be done for all the sectors i.e. infrastructure development, urban reform, environment

improvement and other sectors as well. The study will help in strategy building process.

Activity 6: Pre-workshop Stakeholder Consultation

Sector assessment done in the last stage will be discussed with different stakeholders at individual level

or in groups.

STAKEHOLDER TECHNIQUE

Residents Group Discussions representing each ward

Slums Group discussions in sample pockets

Community Leaders Individual Consultations

Government Departments Individual Consultations

Hoteliers/ Dharmshalas Individual Consultations





STAKEHOLDER TECHNIQUE

Restaurants Individual Consultations

Trade Associations Group Discussions

Transporter Associations Individual Meetings or group discussion as per availability

Industry Investors Individual meetings with Industrialist currently visiting the town &

surroundings

Educational Institutions Group discussions

Doctors Individual Consultations

Real Estate Developers Individual Consultations

NGOs Individual Consultations

Discussion will be initiated on strategies, priorities and major actions that may be required to move

towards the vision. Findings from the consultation process will further substantiate the Sector

assessment and analysis. The Consultants will continue to work in consultation with the local

counterparts to develop sector strategies in consonance with the city vision and sector goals.

Activity 7: Second Workshop

A city level workshop will be organised where city perspective and city priorities will be presented. The

objective of the workshop will be to form working groups to discuss the key issues identified in the

proceeding stages. The workshop will be divided into different session as per the issues. The discussion

will be initiated on strategies, priorities and major actions that will be required in the next five years to

move towards Vision 2030.

Deliverable: The expected output of the workshop is to finalise city vision, sector goals and possible

alternate strategies and some actions and projects.

Activity 8: Identification and detailing of projects

Based on the consultant’s understanding of the best practices, issues identified, prospective growth

scenario and strategies suggested; projects will be identified and finalized at the workshop with the

Steering group and other key stakeholders.

Phase IV: Development of strategies and priority actions

Activity 9: Evaluation of strategies/ projects

The strategies will be evaluated from the perspective of their contribution to achieving the vision and

sector goals. Criteria will be developed for prioritizing the strategies, programs and projects in

consultation with the Steering Group.

Activity 10: Third Workshop

A city level workshop will be organised where strategies and priority actions will be presented. The

objective of the workshop will be to finalise the operational strategies for the various sectors and

presentation of implementable action plans. The workshop will be divided into different sessions as per

the priority actions. The participants of the session will mainly be technical experts from different

departments and institutes.





The projects will be discussed and finalised at this workshop with the Steering group and other key

stakeholders.

Deliverable: The output of this phase would be an agreed plan outlining the goals, strategies, priority

actions and projects with an estimate of preliminary funding requirements in each sector.

Phase V: Preparing a City Investment Plan (CIP), financing strategy and CDP

Activity 11: Preparation of Draft CDP

Last stage of the CDP is to formulate the Capital Investment Plan (CIP) and Financial Operating Plan (FOP).

CIP would lay out the cost and revenue estimates of all the priority projects in the next five years. The

preparation of the CIP is a reiterative process requiring adjustments to individual projects as well as

changes in scheduling to make the whole package work financially. Then financial operating plan and

project cash flows will be worked out for each project on the basis of sustainable financial situation up to

2030. The Consultants will also determine types and sources of financing for priority projects from

internal resources, state and central governments, local financial institutions, donors, and through public-

private partnerships. The implications of each of these will be considered.

Figure 1-1 Strategies, Projects, CIP and FOP

Deliverable: Draft CDP

LIVABILITY - Infrastructure & Services - Traffic & Transportation

- Housing & Slum Improvement

COMPETITIVENESS - City Economic Development

- Social Development

Setting up Prospective Growth Scenario

PROJECT CASH FLOWS Capital Investment Plan

Demand Based Landuse

Promotion

PROGRAMMES & PROJECT IDENTIFICATION

STRATEGIES

MANAGEABILITY - Institutional Development - Urban

Governance

BANKABILITY - Sustainable Municipal

Finance

VISION Based Landuse

Promotion

Setting up Suggestive

Development Guidelines

IMPLEMENTING STRATEGIES

Stake Holders External Field Experts

Ph

ase-IV





Figure 1-2 Methodology

INCEPTION STAGECity Profile1. Location and Linkages2. Socio-economic assessment3. City Infrastructure4. Environment5. Urban Governance and Finance

Kick off Meeting

Data Collection

Stakeholder Profile

Stakeholder Consultation

Kickoff Workshop I

SECTOR ASSESSMENT &

CITY PROFILE

Detailed Sector Analysis1. City Economy and Social Development2. Physical Planning and Growth Management3. Urban Environment4. Urban Poverty5. Housing and Slums6. Institutional Setup and Urban Governance7. Municipal Finance 8. Urban Infrastructure and Services9. Heritage and Tourism10. Road and Transport Infrastructure11. Asset Management

Data Collection


Issue/Problems/Potential

PH

ASE

I

PH

ASE

II

INCEPTION REPORT

COMMENCEMENT OF NEXT STAGEBench Mark Study


PH

ASE

II

IP

HA

SE

IV

Setting of Vision, Goals and Strategies

Literature Review


Evaluation of Strategies

Stakeholder Workshop IIIStakeholder Consultation

Prioritizing Strategies and Actions

PH

ASE

V

Preparing a City Investment Plan (CIP), financing

strategy and CDP

Listing of Projects

Capital Investment Plan (CIP)

Preliminary Financial Operating Plan

Fourth Workshop/Draft CDP Stakeholder Consultation

FINAL CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Workshop II

Prioritization of Issues

Development of city vision and

sector goals and strategies

Development of strategies and

priority actions





Activity 12: Fourth workshop on Draft CDP

The Consultants with support from UD&HD will organize a fourth workshop involving all the stakeholders,

who have been part of the CDP preparation process to present the findings.

The workshop will seek an endorsement of the City Development Plan from the stakeholder group

present and agree on procedures for performance monitoring.

Activity 13: Finalization of Draft CDP

The suggestions and comments shall be incorporated in the draft CDP following the fourth and final

workshop. The final document will be presented to the UD&HD for finalization.

The final document shall be submitted to the Motihari Municipal Council.





2. MOTIHARI CITY: OVERVIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION

Motihari is one of the north western towns in the state of Bihar . The Municipality of Motihari was

established in 1879 and now it is the district head quarter of East Champaran district. Two eminent

personalities related to Motihari are Mahatama Gandhi and George Orwell, One was well renowned for

his lethal weapon “AHIMSA” (Non- Violence) where as the other used his pen against social injustice and

totalitarianism. Moti Jheel is the pride and main attaraction of this city, which is divided in two parts and

the whole city surrounds it.

Figure 2-1 Motihari Municipal Council





2.2 HISTORICAL FOOT PRINTS

Motihari has already registered its indelible remark in history pages

of Indian National Movement. It is the place from where Gandhi jee,

“The Father of Nation”, had started his “Satyagraha”, a revolution

against the British Rule for the independence of India, by the means

of Non-Violence and Will For Truth, with the support of the people of

Motihari. During this historic event at Motihari, many revolutionaries

joined him, few of them are Dr .Rajendra Prasad, Acharya Kriplani,

Mahadeo Desai, C.F. Andrews, H.S.Pollock, Anugrah Narayan Singh,

Raj Kishore Prasad, Ram Nawami Prasad and Dharnidhar Prasad.

As history says, the origin of Motihari comes from its old district,

Champaran. Champaran was inhabitted by many eminent saints in the ancient times and the Upanishad

– “Brihdaranyaka” – which is also the longest among all Upanishads is said to have been written here. The

history of Champaran is filled with the glories of various kingdoms, dynasties and rulers including the

ancient Aryan kingdom of Videhas, Lichhavi dynasty, Sunga dynasty, Kanva dynasty, Kushan Empire, King

Harsh Vardhan and many more. The famous Chinese pilgrim Huen –Tsang, had also visited the district

and region.

In the year 1971, Champaran district was divided into two smaller districts – “East-Champaran” (Purbi-

Champaran) and “West-Champaran” (Paschimi-Champaran). Motihari is the district headquarter of East-

Champaran district where as Bettiah is the district headquarter of the West-Champaran district.

Motihari has the famous author George Orwell associated to it. George Orwell, the author of books;

Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-Four, was born in Motihari in 1903. His father Richard Walmesley Blair

was a deputy posted in the Opium Department in Bihar. However, when he was one year old, George left

for England with his mother and sister.

2.3 GEOGRAPHICAL SETTINGS

Motihari is located at the geographical co-ordinates of

26.650 North Latitude and 84.920 East Longitude. The

mean sea level of the city is about 62m (203’). The town

is surrounded by Danauti River on the western side,

Kerari Lake on the eastern side and National highway on

the northern side. Motijheel is located at the heart of

the city and divides Motihari into two parts.

Figure 2-3 Motihari Municipal Council

Figure 2-2 Gandhi Garden





2.4 CONNECTIVITY & LINKAGES

Motihari city is well connected by rail and road & located on the Transit point Between Nepal &

Muzaffarpur.

By Road

The NH-28 A passes through the city and connects Motihari city to Bettiah and Birgunj. The state highway

and other major roads connect the city to other towns.

Table 2-1 Distance of towns / Cities from Motihari

Location Distance from Motihari (Km)

Patna 170

Muzaffarpur 90

Hazipur 150

Bettiah 50

Raxual 60

Source: Google Maps and Maps of India, 2010





Motihari

Bettiah

Muzzafarpur

Patna

Gorkhpur

Varansahi

Gaya

Darbhanga

Kathmandu

100km

200km

300km

Munger

Figure 2-4 Motihari Distance from other Major Locations

By Rail

Motihari falls in Samastipur –Muzaffarpur railway section and has an important railway station named as

Bappu Dham Motihari. Bapu Dham Motihari is well connected with Bandra, Delhi, Kolkata, Porbandar &

Amritsar. The broad gauge railway line, which is linked, serves the city to Hajipur, Darbhanga and Bettiah.

By Air

The nearest airport with regular flights to all major towns and cities is in Patna. It lies to the south of the

city at a distance of 170 Km.

2.4.1 Study Area: Motihari Municipal Council





The study area covers Motihari Municipal Council (MMC). MMC has a total area of 13.52 km. As per 2001

census MMC had 20 wards. The ward boundaries have recently been revised in MMC and currently

divided in 38 wards.

Figure 2-5 Study area – Motihari

Table 2-2 Study Area

2.5 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

2.5.1 Population Growth Trend

Name of TOWN AREA (HA) ARE A (Sq. Km) POPULATION (2001 )

Motihari Municipal Council area 1,352 13.52 100,683





The population growth of the town has been recording fluctuating trends in the past decades. There has

been unique upsurge in the population growth in the decade 1971-81(Ref. table number 2.3) when the

population growth rate shot up by a whopping 56% which was caused due to the large influx of refugee

population from Bangladesh erstwhile East Pakistan in the wake of the war of independence of

Bangladesh and also due to the formation of the East & West Chamaparan districts. The growth rate

came down successively yet recorded higher trends at 34% in 1991 and 30% in 2001. This has been due

to the fact that the town being the administrative headquarter and enjoying strong connectivity and at

the same time bestowed with the availability of ample infrastructure facilities- giving push to the growth

of the town.

Table 2-3 Motihari Municipal Council Population Growth

YEAR POPULATION % DECADAL GROWTH

1951 24489

1961 32620 33%

1971 37032 14%

1981 57911 56%

1991 77432 34%

2001 100683 30%

Source: Census of India

Figure 2-6 Population Growth Motihari

2.5.2 Spatial Population Distribution and Density

As per 2001 Census Motihari Municipal Council has a total population of 1,00,683 and was divided into 20

wards. Census ward no. 15 is the most populated, whereas ward no. 8 is the least populated. The overall

population density of Motihari town is 75 PPH 2001. The ward wise analysis shows that the central ward

situated along both sides of Moti Jheel is densely populated. The burden of population in the central area

results in the building of pucca houses and some under construction pucca houses along Moti Jheel. The

wards in the north and south of the city show lowest density. The wards in the core city area have more

24489 32620 37032

57911

77432

100683

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001

PO

PU

LATI

ON

YEAR

MOTIHARI MUNICIPAL COUNCIL POPULATION GROWTH

POPULATION





than 75 PPH densities whereas wards on the periphery have less than 75 PPH population densities. (Refer

Annexure 2 for Ward Wise Population)

2.5.3 Literacy

Literacy is an important indicator of social development; it has its effects on demographic characteristics

and participation in labour force. The literacy rate of Motihari Municipal Council area in 2001 was higher

than the district and state level, but the female literacy rate (61%) is lower compared to male literacy rate

(75%).

Table 2-4 Comparative Literacy Rate

PARTICULARS TOTAL MALES FEMALES

Urban India 80% 86% 73%

Bihar 60% 67% 52%

East Champaran 55% 63% 47%

Motihari Municipal Council 67% 72% 61%

Source: Census of India, 2001 & District Statistical Handbook

2.5.4 Sex Ratio

The average sex ratio of Motihari Municipal Council area is lowest as compared to the National and State

level. Similarly, the sex ratio of population, which is 6 years of age segment, is lesser than the State and

District level. Sex ratio among Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe in the city is higher as compared to

the State and District averages (Refer Annexure 4 for Ward wise Sex Ratio Table).The above analysis

indicate the general biasness towards females which needs to be properly addressed.

Table 2-5 Comparative Urban Sex Ratio

PARTICULARS SEX RATIO SEX RATIO 0-6 SEX RATIO SC SEX RATIO ST

Urban India 900 906 923 944

Bihar 868 924 877 839

East Champaran 855 917 863 748

Motihari Municipal Council Area

856 912 893 1269

Source: Census of India, 2001 & District Statistical Handbook

2.5.5 Population Projections

The projection has been done by adopting five statistical methods namely:

1. Linear Growth Trend Method

2. Arithmetic Progression Growth Method

3. Geometric Growth Method

4. Exponential Growth Method

5. Incremental Increase Method

Table 2-6 Population Projections for Motihari Municipal Council

Year Population Growth Rate

2010 126106 2.81%





2015 142746 2.64%

2020 161474 2.62%

2025 182617 2.62%

2030 206547 2.62%

Source: VSPL Estimates

As discussed above the population projection is done by five different methods and analyzed with

relation to polynomial curve and previous population growth trend-line of 1951 to 2011, finally adopted

the average of Incremental Increase Method, Exponential Method and Geometric Progression Method

because the curve line of these three methods suitably match with the previous growth trend lines of

1951-2011.

Figure 2-7 Population Projections

2.6 URBAN ECONOMY

2.6.1 Regional Potential

The trading of agro-based products comprises the major economic base of the town. The main crops of

the district comprise of sugar cane, oilseeds, food grains, rice, pulses including potatoes and other

vegetables. The sugarcane milling formed the principle activity for extraction of sugar and sugar-based

products and large scale industries for the production of sugar were established as early as 1932 namely

Sri Hanuman Sugar and Industries Ltd. However, the industry faced closure in the year 2002 due to

several factors mainly, the lack of govt. support, including levy of Entry Taxes discouraging the entry of

24489 32620

37032

57911

77432

100683

126,106

161,474

206,547

1.00 0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

19

51

19

61

19

71

19

81

19

91

20

01

20

10

20

20

20

30

Po

pu

lati

on

Year

Census Population

Linear Trend Method(A)

ArithmeticProgression Method(B)Incremental IncreaseMethod ©

Exponential Method(D)

GeometricProgression Method(E)Average of A, B & C

Average of C, D & E

Average of A, B, C, D& E

Poly. (CensusPopulation)





the trucks in the town. Now the govt. has awakened to the situation and has started providing a number

of incentives to rejuvenate the sick sugar and other industrial units in the region to develop Motihari as

‘Agro-Processing Based Marketing/Trading Town’ (Bihar Urban Local Economic Development Framework:

2010-2015).

Sugar cane is an important crop of the region its land cover was 13460 hectare in 2009-10. In terms of

area, production and productivity region were top in 2009-10.So there is ample of scope for investment

in the region, particularly for co-production of ethanol.

2.6.2 Work Force Participation Rate

The total worker population of Motihari Municipal Council area was 23% of its total population in 2001

the male worker population was 57,883 and that of females was 7,103. This is less than the percentage of

worker population in the Bihar state, which was 26% in 2001.

Table 2-7 Comparative Urban Work Force Participation Rate

PARTICULARS TOTAL WORKERS MALE WORKERS FEMALE WORKERS WFPR (%)

Urban India 92,278,654 76,175,323 16,103,331 32%

Bihar 2,222,037 1,938,181 283,856 26%

East Champaran 64,986 57,883 7,103 26%

Motihari Municipal Council 23,618 21,465 2,153 23%

Source: Census of India, 2001 Table 2-7 indicates that around 77 percent population is dependent. Among workers, 93% are in the

other categories, which include offices/institutional workers (Ref. Fig 2.6) 5 percent engaged in

households industries, 1 percent are agriculture labour and 2 percent were cultivators.

Figure 2-8 Work Force Participation

2.6.3 Industrial Scenario

The industries are not well developed in and around Motihari like any other town because of the

unavailability of proper infrastructure, lack of power supply and political interference.

Motihari is very famous for its sugarcane and indigo production in the region. Motihari has a few sugar

mills, which are now mostly old and in dilapidated condition or are totally closed. The famous sheep

button factories are situated in Motipur which is very close to Motihari but these button factories are





also closed or in dilapidated conditions. There is no district industrial center or any industrial estate in the

district.

Button & Curio Factories in Motihari

Hording addressing Revival of Sugar Industries Revival of World famous Oyster cell Industry

Shree Hanuman Sugar and Industries Ltd, which was established in 1932, was closed in 2002. In 1955-

1956, there were 38 to 40 sugar mills in Bihar but these factories were closed down because of political

interferences & mismanagement of staff. All government sugar mills are closed but some of the private

sugar mills are still running.

2.6.4 Types of Industries in Motihari Urban Area

There are different types of industries in Motihari. The traditional small-scale & medium scale industries

like flourmills, oil refineries and weaving, basket making factories, metal works, that use local resources

are still functioning. Apart from this, woodworking, black-smithy, dying and manufacturing works, oil

crushing, leather works, pottery, gold smithy, food processing are other small scale industries are

practiced in the town. The list of these industries and the number of units is given below:

Table 2-8 Type of industries

Sl. No. Types of industrial units Numbers Location Initial Investment





1 Flours mills 4 Outside MMC 1crore

2 Cold Storage 4 Out Side MMC -------

3 Pulse Mills 3 Outside MMC 6 Crore

4 Refinery Oil (palm Oil) 2 Out Side MMC 10-20 Crore

5 Rice Plants 10 Outside MMC 10-20 Crore

6 Paneer Processing 2 Within MMC 1 crore

7 Vanspati Ghee 2 Within MMC 1 crore

8 Total 27

Source: District Industrial Office

Mineral Water industries are also under construction and are expected to the functional soon.

2.6.5 Highlights of Bihar State Industrial Incentive Policy 2006

Bihar Single Window Clearance Act – 2006, for rapid clearance procedures for new industries.

Bihar Infrastructure Development Enabling Act – 2006, to provide for development of physical

and social infrastructure in the state and to attract private sector participation.

Provision of self-certification to simplify the inspection of factories.

Establishment of Land Banks to meet the requirements of industries and development schemes.

To develop handicraft, handloom, khadi, silk and village industries.

Granting of incentives (pre-production incentives of subsidy, exemption from stamp duty and

registration fee and postproduction incentive of grant/exemption for preparation of project

reports, purchase of land/shed, technical know-how, captive power generation/diesel generating

set, quality certificate, VAT, luxury tax, electricity duty, conversion fee, market fee etc).

Special incentives announced for investment in education include subsidy on land and its

registration, subsidized infrastructure support (water, power, approach roads) along with

assistance in seeking approvals from the All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE).

2.6.6 Trade & Commerce

The main economic base of the town is trade and commerce. Motihari serves as the market centre for

nearby small towns and villages for supplying various commodities. There are specific markets and

wholesale markets available. The major wholesale and commercial markets are Meena Bazaar, Henry

Bazaar, Gandhi Chowk, Badi Maszid, Main Road, Balua Chowk, Jaanpur Chowk, Station Road, Sona Patti

and Chhatauni Chowk area and along the Motijheel area. Gandhi Chowk & Sona Patti is very well known

for jewellery and readymade garments. The Central Business District of the city has narrow lanes. The

total number of shops in Motihari are 8150 and are including the type listed below:

Table 2-9 Type of shops

Type of Shops No of shops





whole sale shops 8000

retail shops 150

Total Number of shops 8150

Source: Office of chamber of commerce Motihari The roads in the CBD are congested. Commercial activities have mushroomed on both sides of following roads,

Henry Bazaar Meena Bazaar Badi Masjid Road Balua Chowk Jaanpur Chowk Chhatauni Chowk

2.6.7 Informal Activities

The Informal activities of the city form an important part of the economic fabric of the city. It is not just a

major source of employment but also provides affordable services to the majority of the urban

population. Street venders are an integral part of Motihari like in any other medium size town. They

mostly locate themselves strategically near work centers, commercial areas, outside schools, colleges,

religious places, tourist places, hospitals and transport nodes and near housing colonies. Street venders

can be of various types they may be stationery by occupying space on the pavements or other

public/private areas, including hawkers moving from place to place carrying their wares on push carts or

in cycle or baskets on their heads, selling wares in moving buses or else.

Most of the informal activities in Motihari take place on the bridge at Motijheel where vendors sell

readymade clothes, goggles, etc, which are acclaimed to be brought from Nepal. Other areas include Jaan

Pul area for fish sellers and potters, near railway crossing selling all types items of daily use for people

belonging to the lower strata, Henry Bazar, Meena Bazar, Sona patti, fruit and vegetable mandi near

Gandhi Chowk etc.

Potters at Jaan Pul area Near Municipal Office





Informal shops on Moti Jheel Bridge Informal shops at Station Road

Figure 2-9 Google Image of Motihari showing commercial areas and Informal activity Zones

2.6.8 Issues & Strategies





S.NO. ASPECTS ISSUES STRATEGIES & POTENTIAL PROJECTS

1 Industry Insufficient electricity Insecurity Insignificant

Employment opportunities for Small Scale Industry

Lack of Supporting Industrial Infrastructure

Creation of employment opportunities for small scale industries like furniture, handicrafts, intra-city transportation services, etc.

Improving law and order and infrastructure in the region to build sense of investment security among entrepreneurs

Giving long Tax holidays and tax benefits to investors Single window clearance should be given for industrial

projects

2 Trade & Commerce

Lack of planned spaces for informal activities.

Lack of public facilities like public toilets etc

Congestion in wholesale market area.

Provision of planned spaces for hawkers and other informal activities.

Development of Motihari as a regional market centre. Upgrading and decongestion of existing commercial centers. Development of Truck Terminal & Commercial vehicle

parking spaces. Establishment of Warehousing Facility and Container/ Cargo

depots. Establishment of Freight Complex.

3 Work Force Participation

Low work force participation rate

High Dependency Ratio

Development of training centers and specialized institutions.

2.7 LAND USE

2.7.1 Existing Land Use

There is no land use map available in Motihari; the municipalities only have the tentative percentages of

land use. At present Motihari has the highest percentage of residential count (65.2 percent) of land use

(ref. table number 2.10 & Fig. 2.10) Laheria sarai, Krishna Nagar and railway colony are the foremost

residential areas of the city. The majority of these areas are unplanned or clustered. Commercial count is

2.1 percent of the total land use and comprises an area of 28 hectares. Henary Bazaar, Meena Bazaar,

Balua chowk , bank road are the major commercial nodes of the city. All these areas are overcrowded and

congested which results in traffic congestion and jams.

Table 2-10 Land Use Distribution of Motihari

S. No Land use Area (Ha) Area (%) UDPFI Guidelines

1 Residential 878.8 65 45%-50%

2 Commercial 27.04 2 2%-3%

3 Industrial 27.04 2 8%-10%

4 Public/ Semi- Public & Utilities 67.6 5 6%-8%

5 Park & Open Spaces 81.12 6 12%-14%

6 Transportation 162.24 12 10%-12%

7 Vacant Land 108.16 8

Grand Total 1352

Source: Motihari Municipal Council





Industries make up only 2 percent of the town area, which reflects the poor economic base, and economic opportunities of Motihari city. This percentage is also below the UDPFI guideline standards. In the past, this region was famous for sugarcane and agro-processing industries but due to poor electricity supply and mismanagement, majority of the public sector sugarcane industries are bunged or in sick condition.

Figure 2-10: Existing Land Use Distribution

Road and transportation comprise of another major land use and are next to residential with 12.9%.

Water bodies account 10.3% of land use having an area of 139 hectare. Motijheel is the most important

water body and is located in the heart of the city but due to development activities and encroachment,

area of Motijheel has considerably reduced. Public and semi-public also having good amount of area

approximately 85 hectare. The city lacks in organized parks and open spaces. The total area under parks

and open spaces is 16.2 hectare, which is lower than the normative standard.

2.7.2 Land Requirement

The total area under Motihari Municipal Council is 13.52 Sq. Km. The current density is 9319 persons per

Sq.Km. The UDPFI guideline of 125 persons per hectare gross density for a medium town has been taken

for calculating the future land requirement. The incremental land requirement for the city of Motihari to

accommodate the future population at the given density of 125 persons per ha is tabulated below

below:

Table 2-11: Land Requirement for Urban Expansion, Motihari

Year Population Density (ppha) Area Requirement in (ha)

2010 126106 125) 1008

2015 142746 125 1142

2020 161474 125 1292

2025 182617 125 1460

2030 206547 125 1652

The total are required by 2030 is 1652 Ha i.e. an additional area of 300 Ha needs to be included in the city

limits for urban extension.

Residential, 65.2

Commercial , 2.1

Public & Semipublic , 6.3

Transportaion , 12.9

Industrial , 2

Park & Open Spaces , 1.2

Vacant & water Bodies, 10.3





2.7.3 Spatial Growth Pattern

Traffic routes and physical arrangement of the city play a very vital role for the spatial development. The

land use pattern of the city indicates that Motihari town has developed along and on both sides of the

Moti Jheel. The major activities of the town are concentrated in the central part of the city particularly in

Henary bazaar and Meena bazaar, which are the old and highly dense areas of the town. Recently the city

has been growing rapidly along the National Highway 24A and State Highway 54 mainly on the eastern

and the western sides of the city. Southern and southern western sides of the town have large chunks of

residential localities developing along the State Highway 56.

2.7.4 Future Growth Direction

The main features, which have shaped the physical development of the city, are its topography and the

transportation routes. The present and the future growth directions are towards the western, south

western and along the National and State highways.

Figure 2-11: Spatial Growth Pattern of Motihari City (Source: Google Image 2011)





2.7.5 Issues & Strategies

S.N. ASPECT ISSUES STRATEGIES

1 Demography & Economic base

By 2030 the population of the study area is going to be more, approximately 2 times as that of 2001.

The overall literacy rate of MMC is 67%, which is lower than the National Literacy Rate.

The sex ratio of the city is low, the statistics being 856 females per 1000 males. This is lower than the national and state level.

Low work force participation rate

High Dependency Ratio

Significant consideration should be given while planning the infrastructure provision for the target year.

Regional level educational institutions should be proposed for the area.

Social awareness to eradicate gender biasness, female empowerment programmes and special programmes for female health and literacy should be proposed.

Development of training centers and specialized institutions.

2 Industry Insufficient electricity Insecurity Insignificant Employment

opportunities for Small Scale Industry

Lack of Supporting Industrial Infrastructure

Creation of employment opportunities for small scale industries like furniture, handicrafts, intra-city transportation services, etc.

Improving law and order and infrastructure in the region to build sense of investment security among entrepreneurs

Giving long Tax holidays and tax benefits to investors

Single window clearance should be given for industrial projects

3 Trade &

Commerce

Lack of planned spaces for informal activities.

Lack of public facilities like public toilets etc

Congestion in wholesale market area.

Provision of planned spaces for hawkers and other informal activities.

Development of Motihari as a regional market centre.

Upgrading and decongestion of existing commercial centers.

Development of Truck Terminal & Commercial vehicle parking spaces.

Establishment of Warehousing Facility and Container/ Cargo depots.

Establishment of Freight Complex.

4 Urban Growth Congestion In core area of the city Specially Balua Chowk , Madhuban Chowk ,Henary Bazaar and Meena Bazaar.

Ribbon Development along the National and State Highways.

Encroachments along Motijheel.

Provision of master plan, zonal and local area plans.

Discouraging excessive urban sprawl by establishing appropriate building and density regulations for Motihari.

Development of more growth and facilitation centers in the fringe areas of the city to promote equitable growth.





3. BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE: EXISTING SITUATIONAL

ANALYSIS & STRATEGIES

3.1 WATER SUPPLY

3.1.1 Sources of Water

Motihari is located in high yield ground water zone so the entire water supply system of the town is

predominantly dependent upon ground water. There are 7 tube wells scattered over various parts of the

city, and accountable for providing water to the bulk of the total production. In addition, there are about

199 hand pumps installed at various locations, which help in meeting the demand of water supply of the

weaker sections of the society. The current groundwater level is at 16ft to 22 ft in 2011.

Existing Water Supply scenario

3.1.2 Distribution and Water Supply Network

Motihari has a decentralized water supply system with a single high yielding tube well having a specific

command area of water supply. Under ground water from tube well is pumped into Overhead Tanks

(OHTs) which feed the distribution system. There are 3 existing OHT’s in the city feeding different supply

zones. These OHT’s have been constructed at various points of time. Pumping station of Henary bazaar

and Gudari bazaar are not in satisfactory condition and there is a need to replace these old pumps.

Table 3-1 Location and capacity of OHTs

Sr.

No. Location of tube well

Zone Number

/ward no Storage Capacity MLD Present status

1 Gopal Sah 3/1 Good Condition

2 Henry Bazaar 5/3 Direct supply Need for replacement

3 Gadara Bazaar 6/3 0.3 MLD Need for replacement





Sr.

No. Location of tube well

Zone Number

/ward no Storage Capacity MLD Present status

4 Chatauni chowk 14/4 Good condition

5 Baily Sarai 17/5 0.18 MLD Need for replacement

6 M.S. College 19/7 0.3 MLD Need for replacement

7 Hospital 6/29 Direct supply

Source: Public Health and engineering department Motihari

Water supply has also been given to town through laid pipeline from 300 mm to 80 mm diameter size

with stand post and house connection. There is approximately 46.568 km long distribution of main and

UPVC pipes varying in sizes. Details of existing distribution system are as tabulated below:

Table 3-2 Type and Diameter of pipes existing water supply system

Sr. N. Diameter of Pipes in mm Total Length in m

1 80 CI 12331

2 100CI 16385

3 125 CI 1040

4 150CI 6021

5 200CI 4635

6 250 CI 2005

7 90 UPVC 2721

Source: Public Health and Engineering Department Motihari

3.1.3 Water Supply Connections:

Out of the 15275 households in the city (Source: Census of India, 2001), there are only 3510 domestic

connections and 109 public taps which have supply of water which is less in quantity.

3.1.4 Treatment

Presently there is an absence of water treatment plant in Motihari. The water from tube wells is being

directly pumped up to OHTs. Only chlorination has been practiced.

3.1.5 Existing Situation analysis

While the city has water supply network but existing scenario of water supply is not acceptable. Total

coverage of water supply connections is only 21.76 percent and the per-capita water supply is only 19

LPCD against the normative standard of 135 LPCD. Motihari city optimistically has a good quality of water

and water table because the area receives good amount of rainfall during the rainy season. Figure 3.1

indicates that water losses are 50 which quite high as per benchmark. Water losses and low water supply

persist due to the aged and defunct network in the city. Apart from these, the uses of GI pipes for

household connections lead to leakage and contamination. Continuity of water supply is also not

consistent due to the lack of power supply. It is often observed that the cost recovery of water supply is

poor because the collection efficiency of the MMC is impecunious.





Figure 3-1: Existing water supply situational analysis

3.1.6 Projects under implementation stage

Motihari Urban Water Supply Accelerated Project of state govt. is underway in the city. The detailed

project has been under implementation stage. The project has been designed for fulfilling the water

demand of the 1.68 lakh population of Motihari area for the next 40 years, which will have a total

capacity of drawing 18 MLD water from underground water source. Thus, this project has been proposed

for the augmentation of the existing capacity of water supply in Motihari and extends it to 18 MLD.

3.1.7 Future Strategies

Considering the challenges related to water in the city, following goals and strategies for different horizon

years have been identified on the basis of service level bench marking and stakeholder’s consultation.

The water supply coverage and access to piped water supply in Motihari needs to be enhanced to 100%

by the year 2015.

Table 3-3 Water supply service level bench marking and future strategies

Sector

Indicator Benchmark

Unit

Year

2010-11 (current)

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16

Wat

er

Sup

ply

Coverage of water supply connections 100 % 21.76 35 60 85 100 100

Per capita supply of water 135 lpcd 19 30 70 110 135 135

Extent of metering of water connections 100 % 0 25 60 90 100 100

100

135

100

20

24

100

30

100

90

21.76

19

0

50

2

80

50

30

30

0 50 100

Coverage of water supply connections

Per capita supply of water

Extent of metering of water conections

Extent of non-revenue water

Continuity of water supply

Quality of water supplied


Cost recovery in water supply services

Efficiency in collection of water supply relatedcharges

Wat

er

Sup

ply





Sector

Indicator Benchmark

Unit

Year

2010-11 (current)

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16

Extent of non-revenue water 20 % 50 45 35 20 20 20

Continuity of water supply 24 hr. 2 6 12 18 24 24

Quality of water supplied 100 % 80 90 100 100 100 100

Efficiency in redressal of customer complaints 80 % 50 65 80 80 80 80

Cost recovery in water supply services 100 % 30 45 60 75 100 100

Efficiency in collection of water supply related charges 90 % 30 50 70 90 90 90


Per capita water supply should be maintained at 135 LPCD by increasing the hours of supply.

Unaccounted for water needs to be determined and reduced to 20% or lower by year 2021. 100% O&M

recovery to be achieved by the year 2015.

3.1.8 Future water demand

Water demand is normally classified as domestic water demand and non-domestic water demand.

Domestic water demand covers the use of water for drinking, washing, bathing, flushing etc. Non-

domestic water demand includes the water demand for industries and fire fighting. Water demand is

necessarily assessed for 100% satisfaction of the consumers. Under constrained resources, water is

allocated to consumers and the actual water supply thus may not be able to meet the demand. Since

most of the water supply schemes have to be generally designed to meet the water demand in the long

run, it is necessary to estimate the water demand on a 100% satisfaction basis.

Table 3-4 Estimated water requirement for the year of 2030

Year MMC Domestic Industrial Fire-fighting TOTAL

2015 142,746 19.3 0.3 0.2 19.7

2020 161,474 21.8 0.3 0.2 22.3

2025 182,617 24.7 0.3 0.2 25.2

2030 206,547 27.9 0.3 0.3 28.4

Gap Assessment and Future requirement

Present demand = 16.8 MLD

Existing supply = 2.37 MLD

Existing capacity= 4.78 MLD

Present gap = 14.43

Estimated water demand in year 2030 = 28.4 MLD -4.78 = 23.62 MLD

Motihari water supply scheme is already under the pipeline, as discussed above 18 MLD water

requirement is estimated for the year of 2033 which is beneath the projection done by VSPL, thus

augmentation of existing scheme should be proposed.





3.2 SEWERAGE AND SANITATION SYSTEM

3.2.1 Existing Sewerage Network Condition

There is no sewerage system in the city. Some households have their own septic tanks to handle

domestic sewage. The sewage from remaining households and other commercial establishments along

with the storm water flows in the Nallahs across the MMC. Approximately 3.8 MLD sewage flows into

various Nallahs daily or has been accumulated in the low-lying areas and Moti Jheel creating unhygienic

living conditions for the local residents.

3.2.2 Existing situational analysis

As per census 2001, only 12510 households have toilet facilities and 19.6 percent still practice open

defecation. The sewage of the city is disposed in septic tanks, soaks pits and finally in Motijheel and

Dhanauti River. There are 7 public toilets and 4 community toilets present in the city which are not

appropriately maintained or not in good condition.

Table 3-5 Estimated water requirement for the year of 2030

S.No. Indicator ULB

1 Total Households (2001) 15275

2 HHs with toilets 12510

3 Access to individual toilets 81.9%

4 No. of Community Toilets 4

5 No. of Public Toilets 7

6 Extent of Open Defecation 19.7 %

Source: Census of India, 2001

Figure 3-2: Existing Sewerage system situational analysis

61.53

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

39

100

100

100

100

20

80

100

90

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Coverage of toilets




Quality of sewage treatment





Current

Bench Mark





3.2.3 Estimation of Sewage Load

There is a requirement to provide 100% coverage of MMC area through sewerage network in Motihari,

which is proposed for Motihari city by 2030.

In order to have an efficient sewage system for the horizon period of 20 years by 2030, the water

demand and sewage generation has been estimated based on the projected population, on the basis of

which the gap has been assessed. There is no ongoing or proposed project in the city for sewage disposal,

which can be taken into account.

Table 3-6 Estimated sewage generation

Year Population Water Requirement Sewage Generation

MLD

2015 142,746 19.7 15.8

2020 161,474 22.3 17.8

2025 182,617 25.2 20.1

2030 206,547 28.4 22.7

Gap and future requirement assessment

Present coverage = 0% MMC area covered by sewerage system

Present sewerage network gap = 100% of MMC Area

Sewer network requirement in urban area = 162 km (taken on the basis of existing road length)

Gap in Treatment Capacity = 100%

Require STP= 1

Future Treatment Capacity Requirement in 2030 (of STP) = 22.7 MLD

3.2.4 Strategy for Development

Provision of an efficient sewerage system throughout the city needs to be put in place, which can be

ensured by:

Laying sewerage network lines in the whole city.

Sewage treatment needs to be carried out before disposal.

Provision of adequate public toilet complexes at public places and slums to ensure hygienic

condition and environmental sanitation.

Recycling and reuse of treated sewage- Tapping of a portion of the sewage generated to be used

for greenery of the open areas through Decentralized Waste Water System.





Table 3-7 Sewerage service level bench marking and future strategies


Unit Year

2010-11 (current)

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16

Sew

age

Man

agem

en

t (S

ewer

age

& S

anit

atio

n)

Coverage of toilets 100 % 61.53 70 80 90 100 100


100 % 0 0 35 70 100 100


100 % 0 0 35 70 100 100


100 % 0 0 35 70 100 100

Quality of sewage treatment

100 % 0 0 35 70 100 100


20 % 0 0 0 10 20 20


80 % 0 20 60 80 80 80


100 % 0 0 20 40 80 100


90 % 0 0 20 40 65 90


Considering the above challenges, strategies for different horizon years have been worked out in the CDP

based upon the Service Level Benchmarking by the State Govt. The sewerage coverage and access to the

sewerage services in MMC area have been enhanced to 100% by year 2016. Similarly, the treatment and

disposal of wastewater is targeted at 100% by the year 2013-14. The recycle and reuse of treated water is

targeted to reach 20% by the year 2015. In addition to the above, 100% recovery of O&M cost has been

projected to be achieved by the year 2016.

3.3 STORM WATER DRAINAGE

3.3.1 Introduction

The drainage structures in Motihari were originally constructed by PWD. The drainage system is limited

only to a few locations in Motihari, which do not function properly.

The town is relatively flat and the natural slope is about 3.5 feet to a mile. Due to rapid urbanization,

residential colonies have come up in the virgin and unpaved areas of the town in an unplanned manner,

which have given rise to a significant increase in storm water run-off in rainy season. Thus the growth of

residential colonies in these areas, which previously served as retention basin for storm water of the

town, is now creating acute drainage problems.





3.3.2 Existing Storm Drainage System

The city lacks an efficient drainage system which is a major cause of flooding even during short spells of

rainfall. The drainage condition survey conducted in the city indicates that the network in MMC is open,

unorganized and scattered which leads to un-channelized flow during the rainy season. Major portions of

these drains require de-silting and repairing.

The households also discharge their waste water in these drains. It is also to be observed that Moti Jheel

situated in the middle of the town from east to west, is the main out fall/discharge point for domestic

waste and storm water of the town. It has total area around 80 hectares and its water depth varies from

3.5 m in rainy season to 1 m in dry weather. The east-west length of the jheel is nearly 3.5 to 4 km. The

main source of water in the Jheel is Sikarna link Channel which is nearly 3500 ft. in length.

This link channel also carries the domestic sewage of the town to Motijheel throughout the year.

Motijheel is also connected with another Jheel known as Karari Jheel. But Kerari Jheel does not receive

any domestic sewage of the town directly.

Presently, Motijheel receives all the untreated domestic sewage of the town through open drains, as the

municipality has neither sewerage facilities nor any sewage treatment plants. The main drains leading to

this Jheel are listed below:

Rowing club drain

Cold storage drain

Maduban Chowk Drain

Main road drain at Bhavanipur

Roxy Cinema Drain

Gyan Babu chowk Nala

Jaun pul Nala

Nala from old Bus Stand

Nala Near Sugar factory

Nala From L.N.D College

3.3.3 Demand & Gap

Existing drain length = 227 km

Requirement = 325 km

Gap = 97.5 km

3.3.4 Runoff & Recharge Conditions:

The monsoon season in the city lasts for approximately 3-4 months. Generally, the monsoon

showers begin in the third week of June and last till September. The average annual rainfall is

recorded around 1,241.6 mm.

With passage of time, population growth and unauthorized construction in the city resulted in

entry of sewage and siltation into natural drains. It has been polluted by the solid waste and

sewage. Dumping of garbage and waste on the bank has also contributed to the pollution.





Existing nallahs running through the city should be improved to increase the efficiency of natural

channels. Improvement works shall consist of desalting of channel, development of banks,

improvement of side slopes, and development of green belt around the nallahs and provision of

culverts at road crossings.

Figure 3-3: Existing drainage flow directions

It is proposed to provide 100% coverage for collection for rain water in the Motihari Municipal Council

area. However, initial sample survey was conducted in the municipal area for primary data collection and





analysis. All drains are small kutcha drains constructed along the row of houses and finally dispose off

into nearby lakes. They do not have the capacity to carry water from heavy rainfall.

3.3.5 Strategy for MMC

The MMC should encourage good living and hygienic conditions in the city specially to the urban poor.

Disposal of sewage and domestic waste into drains should be minimized.

1. Design a 100% drainage system for the city.

2. Channelization of flow, so minimize localized flooding.

3. De-silting of all major drains.

4. Providing drainage network in all wards where no drainage is available.

5. Providing drainage in flood prone areas.

6. Providing drainage system along all roads.

7. Educating people for minimization of sewage and domestic waste discharge into drains.

8. Provision of rainwater harvesting pits for all upcoming areas.

9. Detailed operation and maintenance programme.

3.4 ROADS AND TRANSPORT NETWORK

3.4.1 Introduction

The role of planning for traffic and transportation in Motihari at present vests with a number of agencies

including MMC, NHAI, PWD, the Indian Railways, Inter-state bus operators, private bus operators, etc.

More often these agencies play a key role in the provision of road network, in and outside an urban area.

The Municipal Council of Motihari (MMC) is vested with maintenance and development of the roads and

street network within the city, and circulation system, public transport system, control of IPT,

management of truck operations, etc. The traffic management is taken up by the traffic police of the city.

This section deals with the current status of road network and transport in Motihari. The elements

reviewed and assessed include:

The road network

Public transport

Traffic management and circulation

Inter-city bus transport

Intermediate public transport

Parking

Pedestrian facilities

The assessment is based on a quick reconnaissance of the city and consultations with authorities at MMC

& PWD.





3.4.2 Existing Situation

City Roads: The total length of the city roads is 162 Km (Table 3-8). It falls within the jurisdiction of PWD,

MMC. PWD is responsible for district Roads and state Highways within the MMC boundary.

Table 3-8 Type of Roads (Source: Municipal Council Motihari)

Ward Kutcha Roads Soling/Brick Paved Roads PCC Roads

1 3 3.5 4

2 0.5 1 2

3 0.5

4 2.5 2.5 3

5 2

6 1.6

7 1 1.7

8 2

9 0.5 2

10 1.5 2.5

11 0.5 2

12 1 2 1.5

13 2.5 2.5 1.5

14 1 1 1.5

15 1

16 2 2 1.5

17 2.5 2 1.5

18 1 2 2

19 0.5 1 1.5

20 0.5 1.5

21 2

22 2.5 2

23 2 1.5 3

24 2 0.5 1.5

25 1 2 2.5

26 3

27 2.5 1.5 3

28 2.5 1 2

29 0.5 0.5 3

30 2 2 3

31 2.5

32 2.5

33 1.5

34 1.5 1.25 2.5

35 0.5 1

36 1.5 1 2





Ward Kutcha Roads Soling/Brick Paved Roads PCC Roads

37 2.5 1.5 1.5

38 2.5 1.5 2

47.5 39.75 67.8

PWD ROADS SH,56 4

NHAI NH , 28 3.5

The above table shows that the total length of the MMC roads is approximately 162.5 km and out of

162.5 km, 47.5 km roads are kutcha type roads, 39.7 km soling roads and 67.8 km are PCC roads. All the

internal ward roads are mainly kutcha roads or soling which require improvement. Right of way of the

roads in Motihari varies from 30m to 3m. Major roads like Chhatauni Chowk to Gandhi Chowk and

Meena bazaar roads are in good condition and improvement work is underway for different roads. Most

of the existing main roads in the city are not properly maintained and need to be improved. Absence of

road infrastructure and pedestrian facilities e.g. footpaths, subways, dividers, bus stops, signs, markings,

guard rails and signals etc. cause congestion in internal roads.

Vikram: Main Public Vehicle in Motihari Traffic congestion – Near Moti jheel Bridge

The major roads within the city limits include Chhautauni Chowk to Jainpur, Balua Chowk to Railway

station, Madhuban Chowk to Jainpur, Balua Chowk to Collectorate, and Chautowni Chowk to Meena

Bazaar. Congestion is observed at Chhautauni Chowk to Jainpur, Chhautauni Chowk to Meena Bazaar and

Balua Chowk.

The public transport available within the city includes privately operated bus, mini bus, auto-rickshaw,

cycle rickshaw. The auto-rickshaw are the predominate mode of mass transportation, catering to the

demand of the city.

3.4.3 Vehicle Population

In the last decade, number of slow moving non-motorized as well as fast moving motorized vehicles has

increased in the city. In the year 2010, total vehicle population of Motihari was 10,000. Out of this about

79% motorized vehicles accounted for 2 wheelers, 12% for jeeps and cars, 3% for three-wheelers and

remaining 5% included tractors, light vehicles, heavy vehicles and other vehicles. Average annual growth

rate of vehicles in Motihari was 10% per year during the last five years.





Figure 3-4: Percentage of vehicle population

3.4.4 Parking Facilities

There are no organized on-street marked parking arrangements in any of the major commercial areas like

Meena bazaar, Henary Bazaar, Gandhi Chowk, Sona Patti and Balua Chowk of the city. Most of the core

market areas of the city are characterized by narrow roads with a high proportion of pedestrians and

slow moving traffic. The capacity of the roads is further reduced by vehicles parked on the roadside.

3.4.5 Terminals

Bus Terminals

Presently there are two bus terminals in the city, government bus stand sited near Chhautauni Police

station and a private bus stand located along national highway number 28A . As per discussion with

stakeholder from private bus stand there are 250 to 300 buses connecting different parts of Bihar and

Jharkhand. While there are only 15 to 20 buses from the Government bus stand.

Private bus stand at Chhautauni Chowk Trucks parked along the major roads

1% 0% 0%

1%

6% 3%

79%

4% 6%

Percentage of Vehicles Truck

Bus

Car

Taxi

Jeep

Three Wheelers

Two Wheelers

Tractor

Trailer





Transport Nagar

Presently there is an absence of Transport Nagar in Motihari. The heavy vehicles are parked alongside the

major roads like NH 28A near Chhatauni Chowk which result in congestion and accidents. The maximum

fatal road accidents of region involve trucks. For Motihari a proper truck stand is required to be

constructed termed as Transport Nagar.

Potential Projects & Future Requirements for the Year 2035

a. Road Network

Present Road length needs improvement = 162.5 Km

New road length requirement for year 2030 (lane Km) = 185.5 km (including arterial & sub

arterial roads)

b. Junctions

Signalization = 100% Junction

Geometric Improvements and Rotary

c. Terminals

Construction of transport Nagar

Improvement of existing bus terminals

d. Public Transport System

Provision of economical, environment friendly and convenient public transport system.

e. Pedestrian Facilities

Subways at all major roads and junctions.

3.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

3.5.1 Introduction

Historically health and safety have been the major concern in waste management. Today, society

demands more than this and hence, waste management must be sustainable. Sustainable development

as defined by Brundtland Commission accentuates on the synergy between economic development,

social equity and environment.

Sustainable waste management should be economically affordable, socially acceptable and

environmentally effective.

Solid waste management is an urban service that requires a lot of attention and is one of the very

important obligatory functions of any urban local body.

3.5.2 Existing situational analysis

Waste generation

In Motihari Municipal Council area 30 ton waste is generated per day. Per capita generation is about 250

gram per capita per day. The organic component of the waste is about 30%-50% (as per Municipal

council).





Waste collection & efficiency

The total waste collected is 15-20 tonne per day. The collection efficiency of municipality is just 50%. At

present, there is absence of door-to-door collection in Motihari. People do not dispose their waste in

community bins. They throw their waste on streets or alongside the roads and drains. Coolies and

sweepers from the Municipal Council collect wastes from roadside and houses through hand-trolley and

dump it into the bins provided by the council in various parts of the town.

Transportation and disposal

Transportation of the waste is not designed scientifically. Municipal Council has not introduced covered

vehicles or container for transportation of waste. Loading and unloading is done manually by coolies and

sweepers from the Municipal Council. The waste is transported through open trucks and by dumper

placers. The total number of vehicles and equipment is discussed in table below. Open transportation of

waste causes nuisance. There is no scientific disposal of solid waste in Motihari. Most of the waste

collected from open dumping sites is dumped in a crude manner at different locations.

Table 3-9 Infrastructure facilities available for SWM

S. NO TYPE OF VEHICLE NUMBER OF VEHICLE 1.

Tipper 1

2. JCB Machine 1

3. Dumper Placer 1

4. Tractor and trailer 5

5. Hand Trolley

64

Source: Municipal Council Motihari

Figure 3-5: Existing situational analysis as per service level bench marking

0

50

0

0

0

50

0

0

100

50

100

80

100

30

100

100

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Household level coverage of solid wastemanagement services




Extent of scientific disposal of municipal solidwaste



Efficiency in collection of SWM chargesCurrent

Benchmark





Community awareness

One of the major issues that emerged during the survey is the lack of awareness amongst the citizens.

They throw waste on roads and in drains. Even after the provision of bins, people are habitual of

throwing waste anywhere. A public sense has to be generated by arranging awareness programmes.

Poor solid waste management system

3.5.3 Future strategies

In the strategies enunciated in the CDP for the comprehensive solid waste management system, the aim

is to ensure that citizens of Motihari are provided with environmentally friendly and sustainable waste

management system with complete and safe disposal facilities along with waste reduction and O&M

recovery mechanisms in place.

Table 3-10 Solid waste management service level bench marking and future strategies


Unit Year

2010-11 (current)

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16

SWM

Household level coverage of solid waste management

100 % 0 20 50 80 100 100






Unit Year

2010-11 (current)

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16

services


100 % 50 65 80 100 100 100


100 % 0 15 35 55 75 100


80 % 0 0 20 40 60 80

Extent of scientific disposal of municipal solid waste

100 % 0 0 0 50 100 100


80 % 50 65 80 80 80 80


100 % 0 35 70 100 100 100

Efficiency in collection of SWM charges

90 % 0 35 70 100 100 100


3.5.4 Future Generation

Future generation is predicted considering the waste generation of 250gram per capita per day.

Table 3-11 Projections for solid waste generation

Year Population Total waste generation in tonnes

2015 142,746 35.7

2020 161,474 40.4

2025 182,617 45.7

2030 206,547 51.6

3.6 SWOT ANALYSIS

SECTOR STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS

Water

Supply

High yield underground water table, which requires low maintenance and treatment.

Because of poor electrical power supply, water supply in Motihari is affected.

Excessive water losses of up to 20% to 30% affecting consumers, also leading to pressure problems at higher altitudes.

Absence of metered connections.

Lack of awareness for judicious use of water, recycling and

Good scope for recycling of water in the city.

Good rainwater harvesting potential due to favorable topography in the watershed.

MMC is unable to increase water taxes as people are not even willing to pay existing tariff due to poor financial condition.






recharging to prevent water losses.

Drainag

e

Great potential for rainwater harvesting because whole storm water gets collected in Motijheel.

Absence of proper drainage system in city.

Reduction in capacity of existing drains due to dumping of solid waste and road sweepings.

Most of the Kutcha drains are in deformed shape, they should be reconstructed with proper lining.

Encroachment of drains by temporary structures or slums.

Connectivity between primary and secondary drains is not complete.

Making rainwater harvesting in commercial, industrial and residential plots is mandatory.

Scope for development of good drainage system.

Scope of recreational activity in Moti Jheel after segregation of sewage and storm water drainage.

No fixed growth pattern of the city so far hence development of drainage network for future requirement has to be done very carefully.

Solid

Waste

Manage

ment

Low waste collection efficiency.

Lack of primary collection of domestic solid waste from households and small commercial establishments.

Lack of segregation of solid waste.

No proper disposal from the slaughter house. Waste is collected and disposed off in the municipal waste itself.

No efficient disposal of hazardous solid waste. Most of the vehicles for solid waste collection & transportation are not functional.

Good possibility of success of PPP projects in waste management.

Good potential for waste recycling esp. plastic waste, glass, metal etc.

Good potential for waste to energy conversion considering waste composition.

Good opportunity to renew old and worn out vehicles, equipments and machines for SWM under JNNURM and funding from other donors.

Good scope for training and capacity building.

Urban

Transpo

rt

Motihari has good road network covering all parts of the city.

Land is available for widening of most of the

Road length is not appropriate.

Encroachments on roads & pavements esp. in Chhatauni Chowk, Mudhuban Chowk, Gandhi Chowk, Meena Bazaar.

Most of the existing roads are in poor condition.

Good opportunity of road improvements in the city and outer areas, which shall help in reducing travelling time, reduction in pollution levels and congestion.

Road improvement in peripheral areas will help in inducing growth in outer areas for

Improvement of roads and transportation system in internal roads of wards and peripheral areas.

A number of intersections in the city






major roads. Land

acquisition is not a major problem in Motihari for new roads.

Land available for major projects like parking plots, ISBTs and truck terminals.

Informal establishments along roads reduce the effective width of the carriageway for vehicular movement.

On-street parking is common in the city.

Inadequate and non-availability of parking space at major commercial centers.

Lack of pedestrian facilities.

High accident rate. Autos and rickshaws are

the major form of public transport in the city, but without regularized stoppages, they are the major cause of traffic jams.

Absence of traffic police.

Signs are missing at most places.

95% of road stretches do not have street lighting facilities.

Improvement in infrastructure.

Provision of signs at major intersections and road stretches.

Increase in street lighting.

decongesting the old city.

Good potential for multi storied parking in commercial areas and old city.

Revenue base of municipality can be boosted significantly by construction of paid parking and declaration of some roads as paid parking zones.

Good opportunity for development of pedestrian facilities and infrastructure.

Good opportunity for developing bus based public transport system.

Good potential for promoting battery driven modes of public and private transport.

Good potential for introduction of solar powered signals for traffic management.

Good opportunity for encouraging people for using non-polluting modes like cycles for short trips by developing strategic corridors for footpaths.

Good potential for construction of another truck terminal to reduce congestion.

Good opportunity for connecting all major tourist destinations by convenient modes of public transport.

Good opportunity to introduce battery operated vehicles for transportation of tourists.

have poor geometrics.

Present on-street parking practice has reduced effective width of road carriageways.





4. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

4.1 INTRODUCTION

Social infrastructure falls under the social welfare objectives of the urban development programmes as

distinct from development objectives and especially in context of the rapidly developing liberalized and

competitive economic scenario.

While preparing City Development Plan, social infrastructure is an important component to be

considered because that is necessary for urban development.

The social infrastructure facilities like colleges, hospitals, parks, community halls, cinemas, hotels,

crimination grounds, stadium etc were identified and their effect on surroundings was measured with the

help of norms and standard of UDPFI in determining the effects and further requirements of facilities and

services.

4.2 EDUCATIONAL SCENARIO

There are a number of educational institutes within the city providing basic education as well as

specialized courses. At present, there are 40 primary schools and 17 senior secondary schools in Motihari.

The condition of these primary and senior secondary schools is not acceptable because there is a lack of

supporting infrastructure.

Table 4-1 List if Educational Institutes in Motihari

FACILITIES NUMBERS

Primary School 40

Senior Secondary School 17

College 5 Source: Assistant Statistical Officer DSO, Motihari

View of College & School in Motihari





4.3 MEDICAL & HEALTHCARE FACILITIES

Motihari has a number of health facilities including hospitals, polyclinic, nursing homes and dispensaries.

Data related to these polyclinics and nursing homes is not available at the municipal councils. Sadar

hospital is only the main hospital in the city but there is an acute lack of staff and infrastructure facilities.

There is critical need for specialized health facilities, as citizens have to go for their treatment to Patna

and Calcutta.

Table 4-2 Medical Facilities in Motihari

HEALTH FACILITIES NUMBERS

Sadar Hospital 1 Source: Assistant Statistical Officer DSO, Motihari

Status of existing social infrastructure in Motihari.

4.4 ENTERTAINMENT

Motihari city has a total of 5 cinema halls. The buildings are in poor condition and technology systems

used in these are old. These need to be updated to multiplex cinema hall cum shopping complex with

basement parking areas.

Table 4-3 Theatres in Motihari

Madhav Theatre, Jaanpul chowk, Motihari

Theatres Location

Roxy Chhtauni,Pani Tanki

Madhav Jaanpul Chowk

Chitramandir Balua Golmbar

Payal Chhtauni Chowk

Sangeet Chhtauni Chowk





4.5 DEMAND & GAP ANALYSIS

4.5.1 Education

Based on the data provided by the Municipal Council additional requirement by 2030 is assessed as per

UDPFI guidelines. Analyzing the present status the requirement for primary schools is 83. There is a gap

of 43 primary schools, which will be required by 2030. While, based on the UDPFI guidelines the existing

number of colleges are more than the requirement by 2030, hence, there is no demand & gap.

Table 4-4: Demand & Gap analysis for Educational facilities

DEMAND / REQUIREMENT

PRESENT STATUS

2011

GAP

S. No

YEAR

2015 2020 2025 2030 2015 2020 2025 2030

POPULATION 142746 161474 182617 206547

EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES

1 Primary School 57 65 73 83 40 17 25 33 43

3 Senior Secondary School

19 22 24 28

17 2 5 7 11

4 School for Handicapped

3 4 4 5 0 3 4 4 5

5 College 1 1 1 2 5 - - - -

4.5.2 Health

Based on the UDPFI guidelines, the demand and gap analysis for health facility in the city is assessed. By

2030 the health requirement will be 2 each for intermediate hospital of Category A & B and poly clinic, 3

nursing homes and 14 dispensaries.

Table 4-5: Demand & Gap analysis for Health facilities


PRESENT STATUS

GAP

S. No

YEAR 2015 2020 2025 2030 2015 2020 2025 2030

POPULATION 142746 161474 182617 206547

MEDICAL & HEALTH CARE FACILITIES

1 Intermediate Hospital (Category-A)

1 2 2 2 0 1 2 2 2

Intermediate Hospital (Category-

1 2 2 2 1 0 1 1 1






PRESENT STATUS

GAP

S. No

YEAR 2015 2020 2025 2030 2015 2020 2025 2030

POPULATION 142746 161474 182617 206547

B)

2 Poly-clinic 1 2 2 2 0 1 2 2 2

3 Nursing Home 2 2 2 3 0 2 2 2 3

4 Dispensary 10 11 12 14 0 10 11 12 14

4.6 SWOT ANALYSIS


Social

Infrastructure

Land available for development of different kind of social infrastructure.

Existing Hospital is not in good condition.

There is lack of supporting infrastructure in schools colleges of Motihari.

There is lack of community facilities like community buildings, parks, club, library and cinema hall.

Good possibility of success of PPP projects in Social Infrastructure.

Encourage companies to investment in infrastructure facilities.





5. HOUSING & SLUMS

5.1 INTRODUCTION

Housing is a basic social need of each and every individual. It is an important determinant of the quality

of life of the people and thus needs to be addressed properly. Adequacy of housing stock, construction

quality, the number of occupants in proportion to the number of rooms and the provision of basic

amenities are all important determinants of development. Hence, fulfilling the need for housing and

tackling housing needs is an important component of any City Development Plan.

5.1.1 Housing Stock

Motihari Municipal Council has an average household size of 6.6 which is higher than the national, State

and district averages.

Table 5-1 Comparative Housing Stock

Particulars Population No. of HH Avg. HH Size

Urban India 286,119,689 55,832,570 5.12

Bihar 8,681,800 1,336,998 6.49

East Champaran District 251,086 38,963 6.44

Motihari Municipal Council 100,683 15,381 6.59


5.1.2 Housing Condition

Housing Condition on the basis of Livability

The houses in the city are categorized into Good2, Livable3 and Dilapidated4 conditions. More than 52%

houses in the city are in good condition, 38% of the houses are in livable condition and 10% of the houses

are in dilapidated condition.

Housing Condition on the basis of Structure Condition

77% houses in Motihari Municipal Council are permanent houses, 7% houses are counted as semi-

permanent while remaining 16% are temporary houses.

2 Those houses which do not require any repairs and in good condition may be considered as 'Good' (Census of India)

3 Those houses which require minor repairs may be considered as 'Livable' (Census of India)

4 Those houses which are showing signs of decay or those breaking down and require major repairs or those houses decayed or

ruined and are far from being in conditions that can be restored or repaired may be considered as 'Dilapidated' (Census of India)





Figure 5-1 Housing Condition in East Champaran District and Motihari Municipal Council

Ownership Status

Table 5-2 indicates the ownership status of houses in Motihari. As per census 2001, 84% of houses were

owned, 12% were rented and any other were 4 %.

Table 5-2 Comparative Ownership Status of Households in East Champaran District and Motihari Municipal

Council

Particulars No. of HH % Distribution

Motihari Municipal Council

Owned 12,894 84%

Rented 1,901 12%

Any other 586 4%

TOTAL 15,381 100%


East

Ch

amp

aran

D

istr

ict

Mo

tih

ari M

un

icip

al

Co

un

cil

Ho

usi

ng

Co

nd

itio

n





Figure 5-2 Ownership of Houses in Motihari Municipal Council

Housing condition in Motihari

5.1.3 Present & Future Housing Demand

The major residential colonies of Motihari are Jaanpul, Banja Patti, Beli Sari and Chandmari. Primarily

most of the housing colonies are unplanned and unorganized. There is lack of quality and access in the

spheres of housing, transportation, health and education. In short, the supporting housing infrastructure

is not satisfactory in Motihari. Ward wise housing gap is tabulated below:

84%

12%

4%

Owned

Rented

Any other





Table 5-3 Ward Wise Current Housing Demand (2001)

WARD NO. OF HH TOTAL POPULATION AVG. HH SIZE HOUSING DEMAND GAP

1 487 3144 6.46 629 142

2 969 6813 7.03 1363 394

3 1393 9224 6.62 1845 452

4 310 2456 7.92 491 181

5 185 1255 6.78 251 66

6 437 3300 7.55 660 223

7 219 1547 7.06 309 90

8 190 1229 6.47 246 56

9 578 4663 8.07 933 355

10 1199 8486 7.08 1697 498

11 1395 9119 6.54 1824 429

12 529 3083 5.83 617 88

13 609 4115 6.76 823 214

14 1105 6924 6.27 1385 280

15 1794 11247 6.27 2249 455

16 642 3704 5.77 741 99

17 456 2870 6.29 574 118

18 415 2409 5.80 482 67

19 1522 9348 6.14 1870 348

20 841 5747 6.83 1149 308

Total 15275 100683 6.59 20137 4862

Source: Census of India, 2001 & VSPL assessment

The present housing demand has been estimated taking into account the ideal size of a household/

dwelling Unit (DU) that is 5. All the wards show HH size of more than 5. For demand estimation the MMC

level total gap analysis is done.

A total of 26034 additional houses will be required to fulfill the demand of the target year 2030.

Table 5-4 Future Housing Demand

Year MMC Population existing household requirement Gap Demand +10 percent

dilapidated

2015 142746 15275 28549 13274 14802

2020 161474 15275 32295 17020 17020

2025 182617 15275 36523 21248 21248

2030 206547 15275 41309 26034 26034

5.2 SLUMS

5.2.1 Introduction

Slums and squatter settlements are essentially the products of urban poverty. In the context of urban

basic service delivery, almost by definition, the population living in slums lacks access to basic

infrastructure services like safe water, sanitation, solid waste collection and disposal, drainage, access

roads, street lights, neighborhood amenities like safe play areas for children, community facilities,





electricity connections, etc. Hence, for the assessment of service accessibility by the urban poor, slum

settlements have been considered as an appropriate representation of the urban poor. The operational

definition of a slum that has been recently recommended by a United Nations Expert Group Meeting

(UNEGM) held in Nairobi from 28 to 30 October 2002 is as follows:

Inadequate access to safe water.

Inadequate access to sanitation and other infrastructure.

Poor structural quality of housing.

Overcrowding and Insecure residential status

The ‘Draft Slum Policy 2010 - Government of Bihar’ defines a ‘slum’ or ‘slum like clusters’ as:

“A compact area of at least 20 ‘slum like households’ satisfying the set criteria exist in unhygienic

environment usually with inadequate infrastructure and lacking proper sanitation and drinking water

facilities”.

The same policy identifies criteria of slum like household based on census 2011 house listing and census

data. These criteria are:

a) Predominant material of Roof of the House: Roof made of any material other than concrete.

Concrete would include both RBC and RCC.

b) Availability of drinking water source: source of drinking water not available within the premises.

c) Type of latrine: household not having latrine facility within the premises.

d) Type of drainage: household having no drainage facility.

In the context of Bihar, main characteristics of a slum are:

ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS

1) High overall household density – at least 40 families per acre and predominantly small plot/house;

high occupancy rate, single‐room houses, cohabitation by two or more families.

2) Quality of housing and location

Building material: Houses built with non‐permanent materials; in dilapidated condition.

Location: Unsafe on account of inappropriate location i.e. along major roads, highways, railway

lines, HT lines, prone to flooding, water‐logging, housing around high industrial pollution areas

and on or near a designated garbage dumping site.

3) Inadequate access to safe drinking water and improved sanitation

ADDITIONAL CHARACTERISTICS

1) Inadequate availability of settlement level infrastructure ‐ Street lighting, storm water drainage,

garbage collection and predominance of narrow and kutcha streets.

2) At least 60% of families living below the poverty line (as per the criteria of the State

Government).





3) Insecurity of tenure

4) Inadequate access to education and basic health care facilities

5.2.2 Slum Scenario in Motihari

As per the survey conducted by DFID 2010 -11 there are 71 slums in Motihari. Approximately 24 % of the

city population is living in the slums, which is higher than the state and national levels. The major

concentration of slums in the town are in ward numbers 2, 4, 7, 10, 12, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 29, 32, 35, 37

and 38. Migrants from neighboring areas reside in these slums (Reference: Annexure 4). Most of the slum

dwellers belong to SC category and are primarily engaged in bamboo work and basket making activities.

5.2.3 Access to Land and Land Tenure

The slums in Motihari are under government, private land and land of Bettiah raj. The government from

time to time has been taking initiative of the slum households with legal ownership or title of land as part

of its policy to ensure tenure security to the poor and landless e.g. Draft Bihar Slum Policy. The proposed

policy has been developed within the framework of the National Slum Policy and is to guide the state and

local governments in addressing slum specific issues like providing urban basic services and tenure

security for the urban poor.

5.2.4 Status of Physical Infrastructure in Sums

Water Supply

Safe drinking water is a must for living. During the

consultations with slum dwellers, it was observed that

around 80% of the slum population had no access to

piped drinking water and most depended upon hand

pumps or wells for drinking water. People living in slums

are struggling continuously with various kinds of water

borne diseases like jaundice, roundworm, cholera etc.

Sanitation

Sanitation is a very important aspect of slum

development. It directly impacts the cleanliness, health

and hygiene of the individuals. Sewerage system is

totally absent in slums. Only few of the slums have

community toilets. Due to improper maintenance and

poor condition of sitting pan people in slums make their

own kutcha toilets and use it. As per the consultations

with stakeholders, it was observed that 85 to 95%

households still practiced open defecation.





Storm Water Drainage

Storm water management and disposal in slums is a very important aspect as stagnation of water leads to

breeding of mosquitoes and flies which create unhygienic conditions and responsible for poor health

conditions prevailing in slums. Almost all the drains in slums are kutcha type.


Solid waste is being collected by municipality from all the slums on regular basis. The household waste is

collected in hand trolley and disposed off at various waste stands. Finally the tractor-trailers collect the

waste and dispose off in lower side of the city.

5.2.5 Slum Development Initiatives

Urban Development and Housing Department, Government of Bihar is preparing State Slum Policy, which

is in draft form. Under this policy various development initiatives will be mandatory to be undertaken by

urban local bodies. Some of these initiatives are:

Listing and registration of slums.

Classification into tenable and untenable slums.

Tenure security.

Provision of basic services.

Improving access to social services.

Economic empowerment and poverty alleviation.

5.2.6 Social security schemes and beneficiaries

There are numerous schemes and programmes in the state of Bihar, which are specifically for promotion

and development of the urban poor, which is the final beneficiary. The most recent schemes which are

on-going programmes are:

Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAY): The Bihar government has sought strong support from the Centre to promote

a slum-free society in the state under the Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAY) announced in the Union budget in

2009.

SPUR: The Support Programme for Urban Reforms in Bihar (SPUR) aims to initiate and accelerate urban

reforms to address challenges for urban development and contribute significantly to the continuum of

sustainable development in Bihar.





5.3 SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS

Availability of unused land for development in the city.

Around 10% of census houses in MMC are in dilapidated condition.

Average household size higher than National, State and District averages.

A significant percentage i.e. almost 16% of the households does not own a house thus is living in rented or other type of accommodations.

There are 71 slums in Motihari and around 24.6% of households in the city live in slums.

Housing demand (incl. slum housing demand) is estimated to be around 48,000 (taking into account ideal size of Household as 5).

Preparation of ‘State Slum Policy’ by Urban Development and Housing Department, Government of Bihar.

A great burden on supporting infrastructure provision and its management – MMC and other concerned body may face management level problems.

5.4 ISSUES & STRATEGIES

ISSUES STRATEGIES

Housing Demand of 26034 DUs taking into

account ideal HH size as five(five). Around 10% of census houses in MMC are in

dilapidated condition. 16% of the households do not own a house. No private body has shown any kind of interest for

development of housing. 24.6% (3760 out of 15275) of households in

Motihari live in slums.

Construction of 26034 houses considering private

investment demand. Marketing strategies to be adopted to attract

private developers to invest in housing in the area. Provision of Infrastructure in pockets/areas not

covered. A detailed survey of slums. Provision of housing (in-

situ/off-situ upgrading) to slums with all basic services.





6. HERITAGE & TOURISM

6.1 INTRODUCTION

Motihari holds its eminence as the birthplace of the famous writer George Orwell, born Eric Arthur Blair

and of Mahatma Gandhi's Champaran Satyagraha.

Places in and around Motihari have had older links with Buddhism. The world's tallest Stupa is at Kesaria,

just an hour from Motihari. Motihari, thus, is a crucible of both the Gandhi and Buddhist circuits.

A museum and a stone pillar are there to commemorate Mahatma Gandhi's links with Motihari.

Gandhiji's courageous statement given before a magistrate is inscribed here on a stone. The 48-ft tall

Chunar stone pillar stands exactly on the place where Gandhiji was produced before the court of the sub-

divisional magistrate on April 18, 1917 for violating prohibitory orders.

Mahatma Gandhi's first Satyagraha was experimented on the soil of Motihari in the Champaran district

and, thus, Champaran has been the starting point of India's independence movement launched by him.

6.2 HERITAGE & CONSERVATION

Motihari has a number of heritage buildings and temples, which are scattered at regional level. These

buildings or heritage sites require extensive listing. There are no identified protected sites within the city

but within the district, the Archeological Survey of India (ASI) has protected 3 archeological sites:

1. Fort ruins, tank and Stupa, Sagardih , East Champaran 2. Buddhist Stupa, Tajpur Deur ,East Champaran 3. Asoka column known as Laur pillar, Lauriya Areraj, East Champaran

6.3 TOURISM POLICY/GUIDELINES AT STATE LEVEL

The main objectives of Bihar Tourism policy aim at promotion and development of tourism in Bihar and

to transform tourism industry as a vital part of vibrant economic activities of the state.

The key initiatives of the Government include:

The State Government will prepare an area-based master plan for developing infrastructure that

is necessary for the tourist destinations. The department of tourism will formulate a 20 year

master plan with future projection for development of tourism in the state.

All facilities and incentives available for industry will apply to investment in tourism sector.

The state will promote private investment for setting up hotels and heritage hotels. The State

Government will explore and develop possibilities of launching a paying-guest scheme.

Rules and regulations for land allotment will be simplified to create tourism infrastructure.





The Department of tourism would identify potential tourist destinations where religious fairs and

festivals are an integral part of the culture, and would promote such destinations.

Tourist information centers will be equipped with the modern information and communication

technology devices.

The State Government will promote weekend tourism, wildlife tourism, aqua tourism and rural

tourism.

Human resources required for growth of tourism will be developed.

6.4 IDENTIFICATION & INVENTORY OF TOURISM POTENTIAL

6.4.1 Regional Tourism Potential

East Champaran, an administrative district of Bihar, is blessed with lush green surroundings and myriad

tourist attractions. The district is significant in terms of mythology as well as history, making it a delight

for those interested in the past. Efficient means of transport and good connectivity with other parts of

the state has made East Champaran one of the frequented tourist spots of Bihar. Let us learn about the

places to see in East Champaran.

Historical monuments like Mahatma Gandhi Museum, Mahatma Gandhi Smarak gate, Gandhi Memorial,

Ashok Pillar (Lauria, Areraj), Bodh Stupa Keshria, Someshwarnath Shiv Temple, Areraj. These historical

places are outside the municipal boundary.

TOURIST DESTINATIONS & DESCRIPTION CATEGORY

Motihari

Motihari is the district headquarters of East Champaran.

Its historical importance makes it a must-visit place.

Motihari has been regarded as the springboard for

Indian’s independence. In April 1917, Mahatma Gandhi

visited the place and his sincere efforts sent a wave of

enthusiasm and inspired the people to participate in the

freedom struggle. A number of trains connect Motihari

to other parts of the state.

His

tori

cal

Kesaria Kesaria is situated in the East Champaran district, on the eastern bank of the Gandak (or Narayani) River. The place houses the tallest Buddhist Stupa ever excavated. The 104 feet tall Stupa immediately attracts tourists’ attention. Kesaria has already attained a prominent position in the history of Buddhism. According to some records, Lord Buddha stayed in Kesaria for a night, when he was on his way from Vaishali to Kushinagar. R

elig

iou

s, A

rch

eolo

gica

l &

His

tori

cal





TOURIST DESTINATIONS & DESCRIPTION CATEGORY

Huseni

Huseni is a lake situated 53 km away from Motihari and

8 km from Kesariya Bazar. An ideal picnic spot, Huseni

attracts a large number of birds.

Nat

ura

l

Areraj Located 30 km to the southwest of Motihari, the village of Areraj has religious importance. It is an abode of an ancient temple dedicated to Lord Shiva. A large number of people visit this temple in the month of Sawan (July-August). You may also go to explore the ancient Ashokan stone pillars in Lauriya village, which is located 2 km to the west of Areraj. The pillar was erected in 249 BC, is 11.5 meters high and has been carved out of single block of polished sandstone.

Rel

igio

us,

Arc

heo

logi

cal &

His

tori

cal

Sitakund Sitakund is a village located 16 km to the southeast of Motihari. The village serves as the site of the remains of an ancient fort. The monument is an irregularly shaped structure, 450 ft long on each side, with large round bastions at the corners and in the middle of each face. A holy tank is located inside the fort. According to a legend, Sita, (the wife of Lord Rama) bathed here. Sitakund serves as the venue of a mela that is held on the occasion of Ramnavami, on an annual basis. Thousands of pilgrims throng this mela and pay their respects to Lord Ram and Sita Mata. There are a large number of temples in the vicinity of the fort, of which the main one enshrines the images of Sun God, Lord Hanuman and Lord Vishnu. There is also an image of Ravana, two images of Ganesha and a carving of Mahishamardini or Durga, killing a buffalo demon.

Rel

igio

us

6.4.2 Tourism Potential within the city

Motijheel & Kerari lakes

The area comes under the high rainfall zone and is situated along the Budi Gandak and Dhanuti River.

While these rivers enter, the plain area formulated the ox-bow-lakes. So these rivers are formulated 8 ok

bow lakes situated within the distance of 10 to 15 km from Motihari. Motijheel and Kerari lakes are the

major lakes with in and around the city. Therefore, there is great potential of tourism especially natural

recreation and water sports.





Motijheel enjoys an awe-inspiring location in the city and it is located in the heart of the city. It has a lot

of prospects to be developed as a regional level tourist spot. Motijheel has developed into active and

passive recreational space for the citizens of Motihari, which will enrich the city’s (lung) open space

qualitatively and quantitatively. The lake basin line should be developed into a landscaped promenade,

balanced with hard and soft landscaping, so that the spaces serve a dual purpose of being a place for

leisure as well as a for public gathering and cultural programmes. Certain areas need to be rehabilitated

to make the lake basin open to public. Relocation of the slum settlements from Motijheel to suitable

locations of the city is very necessary for the subsequent development of the lake basin. Development of

the Motijheel lake basin into a public promenade will subsequently lead to the environmental

enrichment of the city as well as improvement of the cityscape.

Ariel View of Moti Jheel

Kerari lake

Kerari lake is another foremost water body located in the eastern side of the city. It also is an ox–bow

lake and there is a great potential to develop water sports or a water park to attract regional tourists.

Gandhi Sangrahalaya

It has on display, an array of photographs and relics of the Champaran satyagraha.

Schools started by Gandhiji

The schools started by Mahatma Gandhi in the village of Barharwa Lakhensen and Madhuban are among

other important sites of interest in the vicinity of Motihari.

Orwell's birth place

George Orwell, one of the greatest writers of twentieth century and

author of famous books like 'Animal Farm' and 'Nineteen Eighty-Four',

was born in Motihari in 1903. His father Richard Walmesley Blair was a

deputy posted in the Opium Department in Bihar. The cottage, where the

famous author was born, lies in the middle of the town. A plaque

commemorating his birthplace stands outside the house.

Dharam Samaj Chowk (House) is very famous in the town because Mahatma Gandhi stayed there in the

time of freedom.





Mahatma Gandhi Museum Mahatma Gandhi Smarak Gate Gandhi Memorial

6.5 SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS

Great tourism potential due to presence of Moti Jheel in the town.

Lack of high class tourism supporting infrastructure like star hotels, etc.

Number of regional tourist sites around the city.

Burden on infrastructure due to floating population in future.

A large volume of floating population may lead to mismanagement of infrastructure.

6.6 ISSUES

ISSUES STRATEGIES

Lack of high-class tourism supporting

infrastructure like quality

accommodations & resting places.

Burden on infrastructure due to floating population in future.

Development of organized supporting infrastructure like

Quality accommodations

Information Centre

Road and public transportation

Road furniture and signages

Promotion and packaging of tourist resources.





7. CITY ENVIRONMENT

7.1 INTRODUCTION

Urban areas face a number of environmental challenges, although the scale and intensities of the

problem vary sector wise. The impact on quality of human life is significant. The environmental

challenges faced in the urban areas cast significant impact on the health, natural resources and socio-

economic performance.

This chapter takes a closer look at the environmental status of various components of environment to

identify the activities and causes for its deterioration and has made an attempt for preparing a basis for

preparation of environmentally sustainable City Development Plan 2030 for Motihari City on the basis of

baseline information gathered with regard to environment quality, resources and services.

7.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY – AN IMPORTANT FOCUS OF CDP

Sustainable Development as defined by Brundtland Commission emphasises the synergy between

economic development, social equity and environment.

Urban environment is an important component for the sustainable development of a city. This chapter

attempts to assess the existing status of the urban environment of Motihari.

Broadly following parameters shall be considered to address the dimensions of environmental

sustainability of the CDP.

Environmental quality and resources of the city

Land use

Socio-economic characteristics of the city

In order to create a sustainable and organized pattern of development of a city, environmental analysis is

done to assess status of environmental quality and resources. This includes an analysis of relevant

environmental parameters viz. climatic condition, physiographic condition, vegetation, air quality, water

quality, water bodies, disaster preparedness & management, waste management etc. Details of waste

generation have already been elaborated in previous chapters. To assess vulnerability and preparedness

to disasters a brief assessment of the aspects of Disaster Management Plan has also been elaborated.

The assessment of status of environmental quality and resources shall be the major guiding factor and

basis for formulation of projects and programmes of City Development Plan 2030.

7.3 PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES

7.3.1 Physiography

The city comes under the northwest alluvial plain zone which mainly consists of the basins formed by

rivers Gandak, Sikarhana, Bagmati, Lal Bakeya, Tilawe, Kachna, Motia, Tiur, & Dhanauti and other small

rivers flowing through the district. The soil of the city is alluvial in nature and good in terms of fertility but





intermitant flooding affect some parts of the district. The soil of the district is highly fertile, well drained,

sandy type, white colored and very soft.

7.3.2 Flora

The forest cover consists of Acacia Catechu, Anogeissus Latifolia, Butea Monosperma, Diospyros

Melanoxylon, Bassia Latifolia, Lagerstroemia Parviflora, Terminalia Bellirica, Boswellia Serrata, Holarrhena

Antidysenterica and Dendrocalamus Strictus.

7.4 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

Climate plays a vital role in determining the landforms and the productivity of ecosystems. Rainfall,

temperature and winds are the principal climatic factors that significantly shape the physical setup in this

area. Motihari has subtropical climate characterized by hot summer, wet monsoon and dry winter.

7.4.1 Rainfall

Motihari receives good seasonal rainfall. The average rainfall received during monsoon season is 1120 to

1240 mm.

7.4.2 Temperature

The month of May is usually the hottest month with an average maximum of 400C and the average

minimum if 300C. The average maximum and minimum summer temperatures range from 45⁰C to 34⁰C

respectively while average maximum and minimum winter temperatures range from 16⁰C to 5⁰C

respectively.

7.4.3 Humidity

The relative humidity during the monsoon period is 60% to 70%. The monsoon season is characterized by

frequent rains with cloudy weather and high humidity. The period from June to September constitutes

the southern monsoon season and, October and November constitute the post-monsoon season.

7.4.4 Wind Speed

The maximum wind velocity is 5 to 7 km/hr and the average wind velocity is 4 km/hr. The predominant

wind directions are observed from South East to North West.

7.5 CITY ENVIRONMENT

7.5.1 City Green Spaces (gardens and recreation)

Open area or green spaces are spread in about 1.3 Ha of land within MMC. So there is a lack of organized

park and open spaces in the city. Most parks are not developed in a planned manner nor are they being

maintained properly.





7.5.2 Water Bodies within the city

Motijheel

Area shape and location

Moti Jheel is the main water body within the city, situated in the middle of the town, and is almost 'U'

shaped in extension. The area of the lake is around 80 hectare and its water depth varies from 3.5 m in

rainy season to 1 m in dry weather. The east-west length of the jheel is nearly 3.5 to 4km. The main

source of water for the Jheel is Sikarana link channel of nearly 3500 ft. length.

Garbage Dumping in Moti Jheel Clothes Washing In Moti Jheel

Informal Activity along the road of Moti Jheel Aerial View of Moti Jheel

Table 7-1 Physi-chemical Characteristics of Motijheel

Physio-chemical Status of Motijheel

Factors Quantity

W. Temp 0C 17.00 -31

Turbidity 60.00-153

pH 7.00-8.4





Physio-chemical Status of Motijheel

Factors Quantity

Dissolved Oxgen 3.5-13.0

Co2 7.60-19.0

Alkalinity 220-510

Phosphate (ppm) 0.02-0.5

Nitrate (ppm) 0.18-0.89

Silicate (ppm) 10.00-20

Source: Ecology and fisheries of ox-bow lakes (maun) of North Blhar Central Inland Capture Fisheries Research Institute Barrackpore

Major Issues

Anthropogenic Stress

Motijheel lost in the process of various anthropogenic activities and population pressures leading to

unplanned urbanization and expansion. Lake reduced to cesspools due to direct discharge of industrial

effluents and unregulated dumping of solid wastes. The related different type of anthropogenic issues are

listed below:

Eutrophication

Sewage, domestic wastes like food remnants, soaps, detergents and sewage are dumped into lakes,

which break down and release nutrients in the lake. They are causing eutrophication in Motihari Lake.

Encroachment

Encroachment is also one of the major problems faced by Motijheel, because there is lack of stringent

zoning regulation and their enforcement. People have been encroaching the area of Motijheel and have

constructed their houses, because of that, the area of Motijheel reduced and the way of the tributary

from where Motijheel obtain water has been choked.

Disposal of sewerage

There is no sewerage system in the city so the untreated wastewater directly flows in to the drains, which

ultimately discharge in the Motijheel and degrade the water quality of the Motijheel and increase the

eutrophication process.

Garbage Dumping

Garbage dumping furthermore is degrading the beauty and the quality of the water of Motijheel.

Presently there is no solid waste management system in the city. Sanitary landfill site is also not present

in the city so the waste is also disposed and many times disposed along the basin line of Motijheel.





Figure 7-1: Major issues in Motijheel

Action plan and strategies for conservation of Motijheel





Lake Basin Management

Act

ion

pla

n &

Str

ate

gie

s fo

r co

nse

rva

tio

n o

f M

oti

jhee

l

Water Quality Management

Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) to treat effluents should be constructed to minimize effluent load on the lake.

Lying of proper sewage network is necessary and separation of sewage lines from storm water drains needs priority.

The catchment topography needs to be

protected so that rain water flows in to the

lake to sustain its hydrology

For reducing pressure on water supply

system rain water harvesting, recycle and

reuse needs to be given priority.

Establishment of proper solid waste

management

Development of bio-conservation zone

• A ‘no development’ buffer zone around

the lake ensures protection from negative

urban impacts.

• A well de-marked bio-conservation zone

extending between 50 to 100 meters in

width depending on topography, will act

as an effective barrier to moderate the

negative impacts.

• In this eco-sensitive zone only plantation

and other eco-friendly activities should be

allowed.

Treatment of sewage in the course of its

flow in to the lake by Green Bridge

filtration system

Introduction of composite fish culture

Aeration:

Establishment of lake conservation

society to ensure peoples participation:

7.5.3 Environmental Sensitive Zone

The city setting of Motihari is characterized by Dhanuti river in the western and southern side. The figure

below shows the conservation along the river. The surrounding areas are environmentally sensitive and

result in water logging and flooding their neighborhood.

Lakes and rivers dominate the landscape of Motihari and provide easily accessible recreational

opportunities. Motihari’s natural features and unique ecosystems are valuable scenic and recreational

resources, and are contributing to environmental services in the town and the region.

The protection and conservation of these natural assets of the city’s settings are important which will

further enhance the quality of life of the residents and adding to the visitor’s delight.

In order to achieve this goal mapping the environmental sensitive zone is a prerequisite to protect and

preserve green spaces and sensitive areas and to create a culture of sustainability.

The core areas of the city have been also identified as the sensitive zone since these areas are old and

highly congested and are prone to various environmental issues. The figure below identifies the

environmental sensitive zones of the city:





Figure 7-2: Environmentally Sensitive Zone- Motihari

To accomplish the above goal, the following objectives have been identified:

To protect open spaces, environmentally sensitive areas and access to natural amenities.

To manage development in such a way as to avoid negative impacts on the natural features and

environmentally significant areas which ensure ecosystem resilience.

To support the reduction, prevention and mitigation of pollution and its sources in the air, water

and soils of Motihari.

To protect, conserve, restore and enhance the environmental endowments of the natural areas.

7.6 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Disaster is an unexpected event caused by the sudden failure of the system, external threats, internal

disturbances, earthquakes, fire and accidents. An efficient communication system is absolutely essential

for the success of any Disaster Management Plan. Preventive action should be worked out in consultation

with the local authorities involving police, fire and hospital department.

There are three potential disasters the city might face which include floods, earthquakes and fires

especially in the congested areas. The dynamics of change in urban settlements due to large scale

Lakes/ ponds/ rivers/ floodplains

Parks/ Playgrounds

Water logging area

LEGEND

Conservation along Banoti River

CORE AREA





increase in population has led to the emergence of mixed land use, growth of industries, high population

density, increasing poverty and lack in urban basic amenities. There are chances of epidemics due to lack

of sewage and solid waste disposal system for the city particularly in slums. These increase losses during

disasters.

Thus, a Disaster Mitigation Plan should be prepared for the city.

A Disaster Management Plan should incorporate the following factors:

Incorporating disaster mitigation measures within the infrastructure planning process.

Infrastructure services should be improved and enhanced to meet the requirements of the

existing and future population.

Specialised infrastructure should be developed to cater to the city in times of emergencies.

Awareness programmes should be conducted at city and community level.

Training of personnel like Police, Local bodies, Fire Department with latest technology in case a

disaster should occur.

7.6.1 Flood

Bihar has always been a victim of floods in the country, particularly the areas north of Ganga. Out of 36

districts, 28 districts including project districts are susceptible to flooding. Nearly 73% of the total

geographical area of the state is flood affected. This constitutes nearly 17% of the total flood affected

area in the country affecting 22% of the country’s total population. Some part of the study area is liable

to submergence during Monsoon period.

Purba Champaran District lies in the lesser flood affected districts compared to the other districts of

Bihar. However, precautions need to be taken.

Figure 7-3: Flood Affected Map - Bihar





Flood Prevention Measures are as under:

Plinth level should be kept much above the highest flood level ever recorded in last 30 years.

Structural design of the buildings should follow guidelines of IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002 `Criteria for

Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures: Part 1 General provisions and Buildings’.

Embankments of the entire stretch of nallah / river should be suitably raised above the highest

flood level, to prevent flooding.

De-silting of the water stream/nallahs.

Sandbags/Levees along the nallahs.

Standby pumps to pump out the excess rain water.

Proper networking and revamping of drains and delinking the sewer system from the drain

system.

Buffer strips should be developed on either side of parks.

7.6.2 Earthquake & Seismic Zones

Figure 7-4 Earthquake zones – Bihar





Figure 7-5: Wind & Cyclone zones – Bihar

As per the 2002 Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) map, Bihar falls in Seismic Zones III, IV & V. Purba

Champaran district comes under high risk earthquake zone. Suitable seismic coefficients in vertical and

horizontal directions should be taken for structural design of the building.

7.7 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

The impacts on urban environment are perceived at various levels starting from household level,

community level, city level and if unchecked can multiply to issues at regional or national level. This

section highlights the environmental issues that need to be addressed to improve the environmental

health of Motihari city.

7.7.1 Air pollution

Air pollution in the city is localized and limited to roads, industrial areas, major road intersections and the

core areas of the city. Stakeholders in the consultation meetings have complained of increasing pollution

levels in the core city. The pollution in the core city areas and along arterial roads is due to increased

traffic. It is also a result of burning of wood and charcoal in low-income houses and katchi bastis and

small-scale industries.

7.7.2 Land Pollution

The main cause of land pollution and leachate contamination in Motihari is improper solid waste

management system, indiscriminate dumping of garbage and the absence of a sanitary landfill site.





The large number of septic tanks most of which are unlined or do not have soak pits are also one of the

main reasons of land pollution in the city. Consultations and field visits have revealed that large number

of septic tanks are emptied into the open drains or that the septic tanks do not have impermeable lining.

Waste water is also disposed off directly into open drains from where it percolates into the ground and

thus pollutes such soil water reserves.

7.7.3 Water Pollution

The surface water as well as the under ground water of the city is getting contaminated as has been

discussed earlier. Water resources in the city are polluted due to disposal of sewere directly into the

surface drains or surface water bodies. Ground water contamination is essentially due to large number of

septic tanks in use in the city.

7.7.4 Fire Hazards

While it is difficult to predict and prevent natural hazards, manmade hazards can be avoided or mitigated

through preventive actions. Motihari’s vulnerability to fire hazard is likely to increase with increasing

population density and as the urban fabric becomes denser, chances of fire incidents may also increase.

According to the National Fire Advisory Committee, 1 fire station is required per 50,000 persons. While

presently there is only one fire station in Motihari. Besides, there is a requirement of modern vehicles,

equipments and staff in sufficient numbers.

7.7.5 Solid Waste Management

Solid waste management is one of the most critical issues in Motihari. Solid waste management has been

identified as one of the most pressing urban environment issues by the stakeholders during

consultations. People have asked for proper SWM facilities and infrastructure, especially efficient waste

collection system. Absence of a sanitary landfill site is another critical issue. It results in the leachates

seeping down into the ground water and worsening its quality.

7.7.6 Water Logging

Water logging and improper drainage has been identified as one of the urban environmental issues

during stakeholder consultations. Chocking of roadside drains due to garbage disposal, inadequate design

etc are the causes of improper drainage in the city. In the case of motihari ward number 1,2,3,4, and 37

are facing the problem of water logging.





7.8 ISSUES

S. NO ASPECTS ISSUES STRATEGIES AND POTENTIALS PROJECTS

1 Green Cover & Open Spaces

Lack of green cover and open spaces.

There is no notified recreational area.

Existing parks within the town need to be maintained.

Demarcation and development of recreational areas.

Plantation programmes to increase green cover within the city.

Urban forestry and plantation schemes for the city.

Plantation in dividers to curb dust, pollution and to restore aesthetic looks.

Good potential for development of more parks and green open spaces.

2 Water Bodies

The water bodies specially Moti jheel are highly polluted. Infested with solid waste, drainage and sewage.

Encroachment also seen as one of the main problems.

Good potential for water recharge. Can be developed as a recreational activity

centre to attract local tourists. Can act as a rainwater harvesting zone. Developed Master plan for Rainwater

Harvesting Plan. Water front development & conservation

along Moti jheel and Karari Lake. Rejuvenation & lake management.

3 Disaster Preparedness and Mitigation

Highly congested areas vulnerable to disasters like fire.

The access to slum areas is narrow to pass through for any large vehicle.

Low lying areas are susceptible to floods.

High risk earthquake zone.

Preparation of a Disaster Management Plan for the planning area.

Installation of specialized infrastructure for disaster preparedness.

Training & Capacity building of Police, Local body personnel in disaster preparedness.

Upgrading and improving of Infrastructure services in the city.

There is a requirement for purchasing small fire brigade vehicles.

There is shortage of manpower for fire men.

Institutional reforms.

3 Drainage Water logging and flooding on roads.

Rehabilitation/repairing of drainage systems to be undertaken.

Drainage improvement works in city.

4 Solid Waste Management (SWM)

Indiscriminate dumping of garbage.

Land pollution by leachate. Spread of vector diseases.

Upgrading SWM infrastructure and facilities.

Sanitary landfill sites for the city. Public awareness and education. Compost plant for the city.





8. LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

8.1 ASSET MANAGEMENT PLAN

8.1.1 Introduction

Creation, management and maintenance of amenities and other assets is one of the important functions

of Urban Local Body (ULB) for the good service delivery to its people. The purpose of asset management

is to help the organizations utilize and effectively manage their assets.

This asset management has the objective of defining and describing the key elements, and principles of

an Asset Management System. This chapter will deal with the elements that are essential in an asset

management program for movable and immovable infrastructure. More specifically on land, buildings,

road networks, water supply networks, pumping, storage, treatment facilities and storm water drains.

While the need for Asset Management is clearly felt, it is equally important to have appropriate

management information on asset condition, infrastructure costs and performance, and the consolidated

requirements for repairs and maintenance, as well as appropriate maintenance standards.

The assets of the municipality can be broadly classified into two types as movable and immovable assets.

The municipality is required to maintain a separate register. The following chart presents the various

movable and immovable assets:

Table 8-1: Classification of Municipal Assets

Vehicles

Municipal Asset

Movable Asset Immovable Asset

Commercial Complexes

Residential Buildings

Industrial estates

Agricultural Lands

Burial Grounds/ Graveyards

Parks & open spaces

Roads

Water Supply Tankers

Garbage Lifters

Fire Tenders

Office buildings

Other vehicles





8.1.2 Municipal Asset – Immovable Asset (Land & Buildings)

Buildings are of two types; remunerative and non-remunerative, given below are the remunerative assets

of the municipality. The details of municipal assets are presented in the table below:

Table 8-2: Details of Municipal Immovable Assets

Sr. No. Mohallah Khata Khasra Rakwa Type Rate

1 Khoda Nagar 140 240 1-10-12 Pokhar 4000000

2 Khoda Nagar 140 129

239

241

0-8-12 Sahan 15000000

3 Khoda Nagar 140 293 0-4-9 Slaughter House 6000000

4 Motihari 122 562 1147

1148

1149

0-1-0 Keel Khana 2000000

5 Motihari 122 562 220 0-5-7 Sahan 2000000

6 Motihari 122 562 1215

1220

0-4-13

0-14-15

Sahan

Sahan

6200000

7 Motihari 122 562 34 1-2-4 Cremation Ground 10000000

8 Municipality

Motihari

2763

2764

2765

2766

2767

2768

2769

2770

0-8-14 Municipal building

and Commercial

Complex

350000000

9 696 0-6-14 Conference hall &

Godam

3000000

10 1701

1702

0-0-5

0-0-19

Jhula Patti 4000000

11 1664 0-2-15 Sabji Mandi 4500000

12 1621 0-3-16 Meat Market 6500000

Total 413200000

Source: MMC

8.1.3 Municipal Asset - Movable Asset

The lists of movable asset of Municipal in Motihari are listed below:

Table 8-3: Details of Municipal movable assets

Sl. No. Asset name Number

1 Tata JCB Machine 1

2 Tipper Machine 1

3 Tractor & Trailer 5

4 Water Tank 3





Sl. No. Asset name Number

5 Computer System 7

6 Photostat Machine 1

7 Hand Trolly 64

8 T.M.X 20 Machine 1

9 Servicing Machine 1

10 Faxing Machine 2

11 Upsakar -

Source: MMC

8.1.4 Strategies for Asset Management

Undertake a Condition Assessment Survey (CAS) every 5 years and report on this assessment. Condition

assessment Survey establishes the existing condition of the assets and hence is a benchmark for

comparison, not only between different assets, but for the same asset at different times. Condition

Assessment Survey records the deficiencies in a system or component, the extent of the defect, as well as

the urgency of the repair work. In some cases the estimated cost of repair is provided at the time of

inspection. This type of systematic inspection is essential for asset management as it provides data for

the "maintenance management", "service life prediction" and "risk analysis" enabling technologies

mentioned earlier.

The data collected in a Condition Assessment Survey should reflect the change in the reliability of the

system as a whole. This implies that the state or condition of a system being inspected should then be

linked to the change in reliability of the system or its components. In this way, programmed maintenance

and repair for a given system can be based on updated reliability estimates.

While the above mentioned three tools are mostly innovative type there are specific information

technology tools that are necessary for accurate generation of MIS. Creating a Geographical Information

Systems (GIS) database of the assets identifiers.

Global Positioning Systems (GPS) technology assists for rapid and accurate data collection, precise

identification of building or service locations, calculations of areas and lengths, estimation of building

height, and more importantly the easy, clear and unambiguous documentation of physical location of

identified defects and potential problems.

8.2 BUILDING APPROVAL SYSTEM

The Bihar Regional Urban Development Authority has enacted planning standards prescribing the

building regulations, coverage, height restriction etc in the jurisdiction of the M.R.D.A. The Building

Approval System in Bihar is vested under the powers conferred under Section 80 of the Bihar Regional

Development Authority Ordinance of 1975.





The detailed planning standards of Bihar are listed in the Planning Standards and Building Bye-Laws for

cities with population of more than 1 Lakh of Bihar prepared by Bihar Government Building Bye Laws

Committee. Since Motihari has a population of more than 1 lakh, the building approval or development

of buildings in Motihari requires a permit from the concerned authority through an application process as

prescribed in Appendices A and B of the Planning Standards and Building Bye-Laws.

8.3 BUSINESS APPROVAL SYSTEM

The state government has been making serious endeavors to improve the investment situation in

the state and, for this; it took up various steps including development of infrastructure, industrial policy

etc. With improved investment in the state, the state government created a State Investment Promotion

Board (SIPB).

Under the Industrial Incentive Policy- 2006 of Bihar there are provisions for granting preproduction

incentive of subsidy/exemption from stamp duty and registration fee and post production incentive of

grant/exemption for preparation of project reports, purchase of land/shed, technical know-how, captive

power generation/diesel generating set, quality certificate, Vat, luxury tax, electricity duty, conversion

fee, market fee etc.

Right from 2005 till date Bihar SIPB has given approval for various projects in the state of Bihar. The SIPB

had approved as many as 398 project proposals upto October, 2010 with proposed investment of Rs. 1.81

lakh crore and employment potential of 1.55 lakh.

The functioning of state investment promotion board (SIPB), was to simplify the process of making

investment in Bihar and setting up industrial plants in the state. Investors will have to take clearance first

from the SIPB and then to different concerning departments after getting approval from SIPB.

8.3.1 Constraints & improvement required

The present industrial policy of the state was formulated in 2006 for a period of five years, which

would come to an end in March 2011. Proposed a new industrial policy which will take care of

the current and future requirements.

Tracking system should also be introduced in the SIPB for keeping track on the investment

proposals received and the status of the proposed Industries

Formulation and amend of new bye-laws of Bihar Industrial Area Development Authority as the

existing bye-laws were formulated in 1976 which is more than two decades back.

Formulation of Town & Country Planning Act





9. URBAN GOVERNANCE & INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

9.1 INTRODUCTION

The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act mandates all State Governments to operationalise the urban

local bodies as fully fledged, vibrant institutions of local self-governments by vesting them with clearly

defined functions and responsibilities.

Accordingly, the State Government enacted a comprehensive Municipal Act and reorganized these

institutions into a three-tier system of Urban Local Bodies, namely Municipal Corporations, Nagar

Parishad (erstwhile Municipalities), and Nagar Panchayats (erstwhile Notified Area Committees) on the

basis of population and the level of urbanization achieved in an area. Bihar Municipal Act (BMA), 2007

was enacted in January 2007 replacing all prevailing acts.

Motihari has a population of about one lakh people and is constituted as a Municipal Council.

9.2 PRESENT INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT

The city of Motihari is managed and governed by a number of institutions and agencies. Besides MMC,

there is a plethora of government agencies involved in city governance.

Sector Planning & Design Implementation O & M

Land Use & Master Plan MMC MMC MMC

Water Supply PHED PHED PHED & MMC

Sewage and Sanitation MMC MMC MMC

Roads, Bridges, Flyovers/ RoB / Parking PWD, NHAI, MMC PWD, MMC, NHAI PWD, NHAI, MMC

Traffic Control & Management System Traffic police Traffic police Traffic police

Public Transport System BSRTC BSRTC BSRTC & MMC

Street Lighting MMC MMC MMC

Storm Water Drainage MMC MMC MMC

Solid Waste Management MMC MMC MMC

Parks/ Playgrounds MMC MMC MMC

Slum Development MMC MMC MMC

Housing UDHD UDHD UDHD

Air, water & noise pollution Control BSPCB BSPCB BSPCB

Health MMC &private MMC & private MMC & private

Education MMC &private MMC &private MMC &private

9.3 INSTITUTIONS INVOLVED IN URBAN DEVELOPMENT

9.3.1 Motihari Municipal Council (MMC)

The Motihari Municipal Council has been empowered by the provision of State Urban Local Bodies Act to

perform certain obligatory and discretionary functions.





Table 9-1: Functions of Motihari Municipal Council

Sl. No. Functions Remarks

1. Provision of water supply Obligatory

2. Provision of drainage and sewerage Obligatory

3. Provision of hospitals and dispensaries Obligatory

4. Construction and maintenance of roads Obligatory

5. Street lights Obligatory

6. Establishing municipal markets Obligatory

7. Provision of fire services

8. Public vaccination Obligatory

9. Payment for anti-malarial and other projects of social services for improvement of public health

Discretionary

10. Provision of schools and hostels Obligatory

11. Establishment of technical training centres Discretionary

12. Planning social and economic development Obligatory

13. Slum improvement and upgrading Obligatory

14. Urban poverty alleviation Obligatory

15. Urban forestry, protection of the environment and promotion of ecological aspects

Discretionary

16. Promotion of cultural, educational and aesthetic aspects Discretionary

17. Burials and burial grounds, cremation grounds and electric crematoria Discretionary

18. Regulation of slaughter houses Discretionary

19. Construction, maintaining and aiding libraries Discretionary Source: Bihar Municipal Act, 2007





Figure 9-1: Organization Structure of MMC

9.3.1 PHED (Public Health Engineering Department)

Constitutional Framework and Organizational Structure

The PHED is the line department of the State Government of Bihar. It is the functional arm of the

government for providing water supply throughout the state including urban water supply. The Minister-

In-charge is the head of PHED. Secretary PHED oversees the functioning of Bihar Rajya Jal Parishad and

PHED. BRJB is the advisory board to the Secretary for policy planning, project planning and project

financing. To perform its functions the board has a policy planning committee, empowered committee,

finance committee and technical committee. The technical, financial and accounts specialists assist these

committees.

Chief Engineer (head office), Chief Engineer (rural), Chief Engineer (Special projects), and Chief accounts

officer assist Secretary PHED in performing its functions. CEs are assisted by Addl. Chief Engineer (region).

Functions

The PHED is responsible for the provision of safe drinking water supply to the city. This includes securing

water sources, treatment of water, transmission and distribution of water, providing water connections,

billing of water charges, disconnections of water charges, repair of damages, implementation of urban

and rural water supply projects, operation and maintenance of urban and rural water supply projects and

Sanitation





water quality testing and monitoring. The department is also responsible for management of dams

marked for drinking water purposes, rainwater harvesting and creating water awareness.

Jurisdiction and Coverage

PHED is responsible for water supply production and distribution to MMC area. In these areas PHED’s role

is limited to the transmission of water though main lines.

Database and Information

The PHED manages data related to water supply and treatment. Information regarding the improvements

or projects implemented through special project generally is not promptly transferred to the department

creating information gap. The water supply infrastructure created by PRDA and BHB are not transferred

frequently to the PHED. PHED does not use GIS and MIS for overall management of water supply systems

of Champaran region.

9.3.2 PWD (Public Works Department)

Constitutional Framework and Functions

The PWD is the line department of the State Government of Bihar. It is the functional arm of the

government for providing road infrastructure (roads, bridges, flyovers, underpass, pathways, foot over

bridges etc), departmental building works and conservation of historical monuments and buildings. PWD

is responsible for maintenance and construction of state highways, district roads and village roads within

MRDA region.

9.4 URBAN REFORMS

9.4.1 Reform Agenda at the Level of the State Government

Urban reforms are the focus of good governance and service delivery to the inhabitants of urban area.

Several initiatives have been taken up at national level like 74th Constitutional Amendment Act and

Model municipal law. In conformation to these initiatives, the state of Bihar has also initiated various

reforms to facilitated good governance at all levels and subsequently the process of development in the

state. The gist of all these reforms and their respective status has been tabulated below.

Table 9-2 State level reforms Agenda

Reform Status

Implementation of 74th CAA Achieved

Integration of Planning and Delivery functions

Achieved

Reform in Rent Control Reform in Rent Control/Municipal Law has been

finalized and is expected to be placed before the Assembly in the winter session

Rationalization of Stamp Duty (reduction to 5%)

Stamp Duty has been brought down from the existing 18% to 10% in May 2006 with a target to reach 5%.

Repeal of ULCRA Achieved. Repealed in August 2006.





Revision of Building Byelaws to streamline the approval process

Byelaws have been amended in April 2006 to incorporate structural safety norms.

In order to attract investments in multiplexes and malls, building byelaws, cinema rules have been amended in August 2006.

Revision of building byelaws to make Rain Water Harvesting mandatory in all buildings to come up in future and for adoption of water conservation measures

Byelaws have been amended in April 2006 to incorporate rain water harvesting.

Simplification of Legal and Procedural frameworks for Conversion of Agricultural Land for Non-agricultural purposes

Rules and regulations for simplification of legal and procedural frameworks for conversion of agricultural land for non-agricultural purposes has been finalized and is expected to be placed before the Assembly in the next session

Introduction of Computerized Process of Registration of Land and Property

State government has initiated computerized registration of land and property title certification

Encouraging PPP In several ULBs PPP projects have been experimented

starting with garbage disposal, street lighting, construction of bus stands, etc.

Status of Implementation of the Constitution (74th) Amendment Act, 1992

The following yardsticks have been achieved in the state of Bihar:

1. Constitution of municipalities 2. Reservation of seats for women, SCs and STs 3. Constitution of District Planning Committees (DPCs) 4. Constitutions of Metropolitan Planning committees (MPCs) 5. Incorporation of 12th Schedule into the state municipal act

The 12th schedule has been fully incorporated into the state municipal act.

The functions of schedule 12 that have been incorporated into the state municipal act and transferred

to ULBs are:

1 Urban Planning including town planning 2 Regulation of land use and construction of building 3 Planning for economic and social development 4 Road and bridges 5 Water supply – domestic, industrial and commercial 6 Public health, sanitation, conservancy and SWM 7 Fire services 8 Urban forestry, protection of environment and ecology 9 Safeguarding the interests of weaker sections society including the handicapped and mentally

retarded 10 Slum improvement and up gradation 11 Urban poverty alleviation 12 Provision of urban amenities and facilities – parks, gardens and playgrounds 13 Promotion of cultural, educational, and aesthetic aspects





14 Burial grounds, cremation ground and electric crematorium 15 Cattle ponds, prevention of cruelty to animals 16 Vital statistics including registration of birth and deaths 17 Public amenities including street lighting, parking lots, bus stops and public conveniences 18 Regulation of slaughter houses and tanneries

Transfer of Functions

The transfer of functions has not been accompanied by transfer of staff in the state. Also, the ULBs have

not been given the power to recruit staff for managing the transferred functions.

9.4.2 City Planning Function

In compliance with the 74th CAA the state of Bihar has adopted the three tier system of government and

the aforesaid reforms have already been brought into picture. These reforms have to be enacted at the

ULB level for good governance and development to take place in the urban areas. Few of these have

been adopted by the MMC also and the rest are underway. The status of ULB level reforms and the

functions transferred to MMC have been discussed in this section, in the light of 74th CAA, its 12th

schedule and the Bihar Municipal bill, 2007.

The city of Motihari has Municipality to perform the functions of the urban local body (ULB) which is a

Municipal council and has not yet been transformed to corporation. The Municipality is responsible for

the city planning function, provision and management of city level public transport, solid waste

management and sanitation, street lights, ponds / water bodies, parks, open spaces and fire services.

Birth and death registration statistics is also maintained by MMC.

Although the functions related to water supply are still with PHED but the process of transferring these

functions to MMC is in process. The function of inter-city roads including there management,

maintenance are with MMC, whereas the roads which are part of State highways or major district roads

come under PWD and NHAI is responsible for the national highways running through the city of Motihari.

The city has no organized and planned bus stop/ taxi stands, slaughterhouse, tannery and parking lots.

These functions should also be taken up by MMC. In addition, there are certain reforms that are

proposed in the CDP that need to be taken up by the ULB.

9.4.3 Proposed Urban Reforms at ULB Level

Financial & Taxation Reforms

Accrual Based Double Entry Book Keeping Accounting System

Outsourcing of Services & PPP

Total Computerization of Accounts With Balance Sheet

Approaching Debt Free Financial Administration

User Charges

Efficient Tax Collection

Life time vehicle tax





Administrative & Technological Reforms

Micro and Macro Action plans

Transparency in administration

Training to employees

e-Governance & GIS

Biometrics attendance system

Environment Improvement & Disaster Management reforms

Establishment of environment monitoring committee in city

Strengthened relief & rescue system

CONTINUOUS MONITORING SYSTEM

Monitoring within MMC should be done at four levels, namely, corporation level, zone level, ward level

and on the field. The standing committee should meet once in a week with the Executive Officer, wherein

all the heads to discuss their problems issues and mitigation measures if possible, to be done on daily

basis.

COMPLAINT MONITORING SYSTEM

At the ward level, all complaints to be lodged in a register and a complaint lodger is given different

coloured cards for different purposes. Complaint mitigation to be carried out within a specific time

period, a minimum of 24 hours with the upper limit as a week.

IMPROVED SUPPORTIVE INFRASTRUCTURE

Communication has to be far more efficient. Officials should be provided with vehicles fitted with

wireless sets and should use it to pass information to the zonal commissioner, if they find anything

wrong, and are expected to visit the nearest ward officer instruct the related person to attend to a

particular job.

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

Each locality to choose a member on a voluntary basis, and he/ she in turn interact with the MMC and try

to mitigate the problems at the earliest. It should be an attempt to take management to the masses.

Computerization

To develop MIS (Management Information System) for the analysis of business processes of

various departments of MMC

To procure the hardware and peripherals necessary to operate various computerized systems

through tendering and providing it to the end users.

To Organise the training of employees and officers for subjects related to information technology

and computerisation

To Impart training to the users of various systems developed at MMC





To Provide support and maintenance to various hardware systems and peripherals and to the

systems developed at MMC

To Design and develop the internet and intranet website of MMC

The website should have wide-ranging details regarding the progress of various development projects

taken up by MMC. It should also facilitate downloading of forms related to shops and establishments,

property tax assessment, water supply connections, land & estate, birth & death registration, town

development, drainage connections. The website should also facilitate online complaint lodging and

status check of the complaints. It should also provides the property tax structure, which consists of the

water charges, water taxes, conservancy taxes and general taxes; allows one to check the status one’s

outstanding property tax and look at the budget for the ongoing financial year. New tenders that are

floated by the MMC are put on the website for public information.

9.4.4 Reform Agenda at the Level of the Urban Local Body (ULB)

ACCOUNTING REFORM

System of accounting currently followed by the ULB

Cash-based, single entry

Modified accrual

Accrual, double entry

Time schedule for change over to accrual, double entry system:

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7

E-GOVERNANCE APPLICATIONS (using IT, GIS and MIS)

Any initiative towards the use of E-governance applications or setting up of an E-governance

cell within the ULB?

Yes No

REFORM TIME LINE

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

6 mns 1 year 6 mns 2year 6 mns 3 year 6 mns 4 year 6 mns 5 year

E-Governance





2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

6 mns 1 year 6 mns 2year 6 mns 3 year 6 mns 4 year 6 mns 5 year

Assess existing IT

initiatives

Develop options to

introduce

e- Governance

Develop service

delivery

strategy

Assessment of

functional

requirement

Develop technical

options

Project management

Framework---

implementation

framework

Explore PPP options SWM, Bus Stand, Advertisement or Hording

Initiate City website

Provision of Power

backup for E-

Governance

Services using E-governance

a. Property Tax

b. Water Tax

c. Licenses Rent

d. Birth and Death

e. Accrual Based Accounting System

f. Building Permission

g Scanning and indexing of documents

h Social securities pension schemes

i Connectivity

j Call center

k GIS

PROPERTY TAX REFORM





Achieving the target of 90% tax collection to tax demanded:


REFORM TIME LINE

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Type of

Reform

6 mns 1

year

6 mns 2

year

6 mns 3 year 6 mns 4

year

6

mns

5

year

6

mns

5

year

Use of IT

Survey of

100%

property

Tax

assessment

(ensuring full

coverage)

Use of GIS

for Detailed

property

survey

Improve tax

recovery

Achieve full

taxation &

recovery

LEVY OF USER CHARGES

Achieving cost recovery target (O & M recovery)


REFORM TIME LINE





2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Type of Reform 6 mns 1 year 6 mns 2 year 6 mns 3 year 6 mns 4 year 6 mns 5 year

Assess O&M

cost for water

supply /

sanitation /

street lighting

Reviewing

existing tax

rates and

structure

Working out

strategy for

full recovery

of O&M cost

Regularizing of

Illegal water

connection

Leakage

detection &

minimizing the

wastage of

water

Repairing &

replacing of

old pipelines

& pumps

Achieving sent

percent O&M

cost recovery

OTHER SERVICES

Services User Charges

1. Sewerage

2. Street Lighting

X

X





Achieving cost recovery (O&M recovery)


Services to the urban poor

Percentage of households living in slum areas

Percentage of households living in slum areas without access to

Municipal Water Supply

Sanitation

Primary education

Primary health

*to be concluded after completion of Slum Survey being conducted by SPUR

Reaching of services to the urban poor


Internal earmarking of budget for the urban poor


REFORM TIME LINE

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Type of Reform 6 mns 1 year 6

mns

2

year

6 mns 3 year 6 mns 4

year

6 mns 5

year

Year marking

24%

*

*

*

*





budget share for

urban poor

GIS mapping

Involvement of

community

Involvement of

PPP

SWM

Subsidized

Services

OPTIONAL REFORM AGENDA

Revision of bye-laws to streamline the approval process for construction of building, development of

sites etc. (Already revised in the state of Bihar)

Time Schedule


Simplification of legal and procedural framework for conversion of agriculture land for non-agriculture

purpose

Time schedule


Preparation of fringe area guideline and notification


Introduction of property title certification system in ULBs

Time Schedule






Earmarking at least 20-25 percent of development land in all housing projects (both public and private

agencies) for EWS/LIG category with a system of cross subsidization

Time Schedule


Introduction of computerized process of registration of land and property

Time Schedule


Revision of byelaws to make rainwater-harvesting mandatory in all buildings to come up in future and

for adoption of water conservation measures

Time Schedule


Bye-laws on reuse of reclaimed water

Time Schedule


Administrative reform

Reduction in establishment by introducing voluntary retirement schemes, non-filling vacant due to

retirement etc., and achieving specified milestones in this regard

Time Schedule


Structural Reform

Encouraging Public, Private, Participation

Time Schedule






9.5 ISSUES & STRATEGIES

ISSUES STRATEGY & POTENTIAL

MMC is the core organization governing the planning and management of the city. There are other numerous departments that facilitates the service delivery mechanism such as PHED, PWD, Police etc. Thus, the presence of multiple departments has created the issue of multiplicity affecting the delivery of services.

Overlapping of functions of various departments. MMC is facing the problem of lack of technical

person-power.

Encourage Coordination and Cooperation among various departments within the city.

Encourage e-governance - Development of database to hasten decision-making and speed up projects.

Increase transparency by visibility of micro and macro level data, functions and decision in all departments.





MUNICIPAL FINANCES

Expenditure Income

Capital Expenditure Revenue Expenditure Government Grants or Compensation

Tax Revenue/ Non Tax Revenue

10. MUNICIPAL FINANCE

10.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents an analysis of the municipal finances of MMC involved in the provision of urban

services outlining trends in receipts and expenditures over the last four years vis a vis FY 2007 to FY

2009. This Section contains a description of the municipal finances, the sources and uses of funds, and an

assessment of municipal finances based on important financial indicators.

The financial status of MMC has been analyzed. The account heads were differentiated and categorized

based on budget heads. For the purpose of financial assessment, financial data pertaining to the last four

years (2007-08 to 2008-09) have been recast into a standard format.

10.2 EXISTING FINANCIAL CONDITION

The revenue receipts comprise of own sources (taxes and non-taxes) of the Nigam as well as grants.

Capital receipts comprise revenues earned from sale of land, general grants from state and central

governments and various loans. Revenues are raised to cover capital investments and recurrent revenue

expenditures. The raised revenues must be utilized to attain the needs of the public as well as to enhance

the development of the city as a whole. The expenditure comprises of infrastructure works, upgrading

slums, salaries, wages, operations & maintenances, interests, debt servicing, loan repayments and

refunds.

Figure 10-1: Structure of MMC Finances

The table below summarizes the revenue and expenditure sources:

Table 10-1: Summary of Revenue and Expenditure Sources

REVENUE EXPENDITURE

INCOME from Govt. Grant Capital Expenditure

Moolbhoot Suvidha Matching Share for Project

12th Finance Commission Mayor Nidhi & Parshad Nidhi





REVENUE EXPENDITURE

Stamp Duty Drilling Tube well and Laying New Pipelines

Waterworks Maintenance Construction of New Road

Road repair Construction of New Building

Scarcity Municipal Vehicles

Slum Development Beautification of City

Income from Govt. Grant for Development & welfare scheme

Revenue Expenditure

Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan Salary and Pension

U.I.D.S.S.M.T. Electricity

I.H.S.D.P. Loan Repayment

Income from Tax Revenue Tube wells and Waterworks Maintenance

Octroi Compensation Road and Building Maintenance

Property Tax (Inc. CD Tax, Edu. Cess & Con. T,) Scarcity (Water Transportation)

Water Tax Advertisement Expenditure

Passenger Tax Compensation Sewer, Nallah & other drainage system Maintenance

Advertisement Tax Sports Activities

Drain Tax Others

Sewage Tax

Income from Non Tax Revenue

Fees from Hawkers Temporary Shop

Compounding

Malba Masala Fees

Rent from Municipal Building/ Market Shop etc.

Tower Permission Fees

Income from Zoo Entry Fees

Building Permission Fees

Encroachment Fees

Table 10-2: Income Profile of MMC, 2008-2010

SN Particulars

2008-09 2009-10 % Increas

e in Income

Actual Income (Rs.)

% Contribution

Actual Income

(Rs.)

% Contribution

1 Total Tax Revenues 8518990 9.9 20229484 22.8 137.5

2 Total Non-Tax Revenues 1901277 2.2 8045106 9.1 323.1

3 Revenue Grants (Include. Salary and Matching grants)

72575264 84.5

55049319 62.0 (24.1)

4 Assigned Revenues 0 0.0 4280887 4.8

5 Other Income 2857340 3.3 1117830 1.3 (60.9)

TOTAL 85852871 100.0 88722626 100.0 3.3

Source: SPUR, 2011





Figure 10-2 Share of various heads of Income of MMC, 2008-10

It should be observed that the maximum share of income is from revenue grants for both the years

(84.5% in 2008-09 & 62.0% in 2009-10). Income from assigned revenue, tax revenue and non-tax revenue

is showing positive growth during these years.

Expenditure

The expenditure comprises infrastructure works, slum upgradation, salaries, wages, establishment,

operations & maintenance, interest, debt servicing, loan repayments and refunds.

The details of Expenditure for Motihari Municipal Council are given below:

Table 10-3: Expenditure Profile of MMC, 2008-2010

SN

Particulars

2008-09 2009-10 % Increase in

Expenditure

Actual Expenditure

(Rs.) %

Contribution Actual

Expenditure (Rs.) %

Contribution

1 Establishment Expenditure

26999983 64.7 27740507 47.8 2.7

2 O & M Expenditure 2257396 5.4 3399258 5.9 50.6 3 Programme

Expenditure 10921078 26.2 24995255 43.0 128.9

4 Administration Expenditure

641166 1.5 523412 0.9 (18.4)

5 Misc Expenditure 919218 2.2 1405464 2.4 52.9 TOTAL 41738841 100.0 58063896 100.0 39.1

Source: SPUR, 2011

0

10000000

20000000

30000000

40000000

50000000

60000000

70000000

80000000

2008-09

2009-10





Figure 10-3 Share of various heads of Expenditure of MMC, 2008-10

It should be observed that the maximum share of expenditure is under establishment head in both the

years (64.7% in 2008-09 & 47.8% in 2009-10).

The municipality is running in surplus i.e. the total income is more than the expenditure. This may be due

to the poor capacity of MMC to efficiently utilize the grants received.

10.3 ISSUES

ISSUES STRATEGY

MMC is the core organization governing the planning and management of the city. There are other numerous departments that facilitate the service delivery mechanism such as PHED, PWD, Police etc. Thus the presence of multiple departments has created the issue of multiplicity.

Overlapping of functions of various departments.

Encourage coordination and cooperation among various departments within the city.

Encourage proper management of rural areas. Encourage e-governance - development of

database to hasten decision making and speed up projects.

Increase transparency by visibility of micro and macro level data, functions and decisions in all departments.

Government grants are the major revenue sources for MMC. However, the local bodies are unable to utilize these sources to their optimum level.

Billing of services can provide revenue sources Regular payment of property tax. Payment for water supply-metering option for

various uses. Payment for garbage disposal. Payment for other services provided by MMC.

Revenues for the MMC can be further utilized for O & M to enhance services.

Regulation of activities by enforcing byelaws can add to revenue.

0

5000000

10000000

15000000

20000000

25000000

30000000

2008-09

2009-10





11. STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS

11.1 INTRODUCTION

This section communicates the progress in the preparation of the Motihari City Development Plan and

the work done till date.

The VSPL team had started the assignment with the preliminary reconnaissance survey. The data

collection along with preliminary stakeholder consultations is in process.

11.2 CITY STAKEHOLDER PROFILE

Various stakeholder groups were identified during the reconnaissance survey. Two core groups of

stakeholders were identified:

1. Primary Stakeholders, beneficiaries of a development intervention or those directly affected

(positively or negatively) by it. They include local population (resource persons, community,

students etc.) in the project/program area, poor and marginalized groups who have traditionally

been excluded from participating in development efforts such as katchi basti and slum dwellers,

and organizations such as NGOs, trader’s organizations, hoteliers and other associations.

2. Secondary Stakeholders, those who influence a development intervention or are indirectly

affected by it. They include the borrowing government, line ministry and project staff,

implementing agencies, local governments, civil society organizations, private sector firms and

other development agencies.

11.3 STEERING COMMITTEE

Based on the city stakeholder profile, City Level Steering Group has been formulated. In this group

elected representatives, associations by chamber of commerce & Industries and administration by

different government agencies represent residents. Chairperson chairs this committee.

Table 11-1: Proposed City level Steering Group

Steering Group Committee Members

1. Chairperson, Municipal Council, Motihari

Chairman

2. Dy. Chairperson, Municipal Council, Motihari

Member

3. Person nominate by DM Member

4. Executive Officer, Municipal Council, Motihari Member

5. MLA Member

6. Executive Engineer, PHED Member





Steering Group Committee Members

7. Executive Engineer, PWD, Road Division Member

8. Executive Engineer, Electricity Board Member

9. President, Chamber of Commerce Member

10. Representative of NGO/ CBOs Member

11.4 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS

A number of meetings and stakeholder consultations were carried out. Meetings were held with the

following officials to acquaint them about CDP, collection of required data, preparation of list of

Stakeholders and Stakeholder Consultation (Refer to Annexure 6)

Consultations with Chairman (Nagar Parishad) Dept. Chairman, City Manager & Ward Counselor

(Nagar Parishad)





Consultation with Slum Dwellers at Motihari

The officials met included the following:

Mr. Prakash Ashtana, Chairman Motihari Nagar Parishad

Chairman (Hotel Association, Meeting with District Chairman (B.J.P)

Mr. Sanjeev Ranjan Kumar, Sec. Gen., Chamber of Commerce, Motihari

Mr. Shreeprakash Chowdhary, Rotary Shares

Mr. Krishna Aniket, Admin

Mr. Jagannath Thakur, Head Clerk (not available)

Mr. B. Mishra, Executive Engineer, PHED

Mr. Rajendra Mandal, E.O.

Mr. Naresh, PA to DM (DM was not available)

Mrs. Abhaya Priya, City manager, Nagar Parishad

Mr. B. Mishra, Executive Engineer (PHED)

Mr. Arindum Kr. Sinha, Asst. clerk;

Md. Nizam Hussain, Tax Daroga

Mr. Vinod Kr. Mishra, National Informatics Officer

Key topics of discussion included issues on

Water supply

Road

Drainage


Poor Electricity Supply

Encroachment

Haphazard growth of the town.

Slum Improvement

Traffic Management

Decentralization

Regarding Parking facilities





11.5 WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS

11.5.1 Kick Off Workshop

Venue: Radhakrishan Bhawan, Collectorate, East Champaran, Motihari

Time: 3 PM onwards

Date: December 22, 2010

The Kick off Workshop in Motihari was conducted on 22nd December, 2010 in Radhakrishna Bhawan,

Collectorate, East Champaran, and Motihari.

The workshop commenced with a welcome address by Sh. Rajendra Mandal, Executive Officer, Motihari

Municipal Council. He welcomed all participants and explained the importance of a workshop for

systematic development of Motihari.

Sh. Binesh Kr. Nirman, Urban Planner of Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd. made a power point presentation on

the CDP. The presentation covered following:

Framework of the CDP.

What is CDP?

Why CDP?

Benefits of CDP

Scope of work of the CDP.

Stakeholders

Steering Committee

CDP methodology

Basic problem of the city at present

Participants gave following suggestions:

Dr. Bali Ram Prasad,

Open slaughter in entire town, there is no provision of slaughter house which should be top priority.

Sikrana River 6 km from Motijheel should be integrated with the beautification of Motijheel.

Discharge of drains in Motijheel should be stopped.

Stray animals on the roads create traffic congestion.

Public awareness about civic sense should be created.

Medical wastes are dumped openly along the roads.

There are no recreational facilities like parks or playgrounds for children in the entire town.

There is lack of ATMs in the town. At least 10 more ATMs are required.

There is no old age home in the town.

No provision of rest houses near the railway station.

Vacant land in the college campus can be used for recreational purposes.

Sh. B.N. Prasad, GM, DIC

Upgrading urban slums should be the top priority.

Relocation of slums should be done with integration of basic urban services.

Revival of sugar industries is needed.





Town having potential of food processing units and food parks should be proposed.

Condition of bus stands is dilapidated, there is no infrastructure and thus requires urgent attention.

Motijheel has potential of fishery.

Sh. Birendra Kr. Jalan, Founder President, Motihari Chamber of Commerce

One more bridge is required over Motijheel.

Link road to all major activity areas is needed.

Immediate requirement of ROB at all railway crossings.

Building byelaws and regulations are not followed.

Municipal source of income should be properly utilized in the development of the town.

Sh. Mohibbul Haque, Ward Councilor, ward no. 24

Encroachment in the Motijheel by the people is a major problem in polluting the lake.

Slums are facing problems in the water supply; there is no hand pump or tube well provided to them.

No community toilets available for the females which is very embarrassing.

Sh. Bibhuti Narayan Singh, Ward Councilor, ward no. 33

To strengthen the infrastructure of the town, ward wise survey should be done.

There are 55 main drains in the town but no treatment plant; this should be the top priority.

Cleaning and desilting of Motijheel and drains should be done.

Earlier Motijheel was well functioning, there was a rowing club which should be revived.

Draining-out water from the town is a big problem due to which roads get flooded during the monsoon.

Encroachments should be removed from the major roads for smooth movement of traffic.

Public awareness regarding sanitation and cleanliness should be done.

Sh. Arshad S. Hasmi, Architect

Either existing roads should be widened or new roads should be planned.

Drains are old and depilated; require immediate repairs.

Besides Motijheel, Dhanauti River also has potential for tourism development.

Sh. Pramod Kumar, MLA

Old map of the town should be revised it may help in solving problems of road congestion and drainage.

Drains are choked inside the residential mohallas.

George Orwell Park and other government land should be freed from encroachment and that land should be utilized for development.

Rotaries should be beautified.

PHED should remove old water pipelines and install new one.

Town should be developed as educational hub.

Sh. Satish Kumar, MLC

For development of the town, less land is available inside the municipal limits, so urban growth of the town is important.

There is ribbon development all along the national highway.





Tourism department is proposing for beautification of Motijheel and by public-private participation, Nowka Vihar project is going to be implemented by the next year, which should be incorporated in this plan.

Town has historical importance so it should be in the Bihar tourism circuit.

Smt. Manju Devi, President, Zila Parishad

Development and beautification of town is must.

Roads to be widened.

Tempos are the main reason for the traffic congestion and pollution.

Tempo stand and bus stand should be shifted away from core and dense areas.

Encroached and illegal shops should be removed.

There is lack of ROB in the town.

Dr. Lal

Electricity and telephone poles in the middle of the roads are the main reasons for encroachment.

There is lack of public toilets in the town.

Awareness among people regarding cleanliness and sanitation is required.

Sh. Prakash Asthana, Chairman, Motihari municipal Council

Building byelaws are not followed but still the layout plans of the buildings are being passed.

New municipal act is being made but still no rules are made to implement it.

To solve the problem of traffic congestion, ring road should be proposed.

Funds are provided by govt. for development but for maintenance ULB does not have enough funds.

Lack of staff, depicts the lack of human resources in the town.

There is lack of skilled labor or well-trained staff in ULB because recruitment of the staffs has being done when Bihar is suffering from backwardness (corruption). It should be the top priority to improve work culture of ULB.

In the end, Sh. Hyacinth Vaz thanked all the participants for their valuable suggestions and contributions

and requested all the members for the support and coordination for fruitful result of the CDP of Motihari

PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE KICK OFF WORKSHOP





11.5.2 Second Workshop

Venue: Municipal Council Conference Hall, Motihari, East Champaran

Time: 11:00AM onwards

Date: February 24, 2011

The meeting started with Mr. Hyinct Vaz and Binesh Nirman welcoming the Honorable Chairman

Shri.Prakash Asthana, Department Chairperson, Mrs. Rajkumari Gupta, Executive Officer, Mr. Rajendra





Mandal, City Manager, Abhaya Priya, Honorable Ward Councilors and officials of the Municipal

Council.

Mr.Vikas Singh, Urban Planner of VSPL presented the second workshop presentation on data analysis.

The Honorable Chairman, Shri. Prakash Asthana then addressed the meeting & welcomed the VSPL team

members & thanked the Government of Bihar that CDP is taking place in the city of Motihari. He then

informed that:

Conservation & beautification of

Motijheel is very necessary.

He also suggested that the water pipe

lines are in a very bad condition in the

whole town.

He also suggested that tourist places in

the city as well as outside the city should

be incorporated in the CDP & also that

Motihari should be developed as an

educational & tourist hub in the state of

Bihar.

He also suggested that the main problem of the town is sewerage & drainage. Local drain should

be connected with the main drain.

He also suggested that ring road is required from Rowing Club to Jaunpur.

The Chairman also suggested that there is demands of housing in the town, for this, private

builders are welcomed in housing projects on PPP based.

Mr. Prakash Ashtana suggested that there is a good indication of development for upcoming

Central University in Motihari.

Honorable Ward Councilor, ward no 24, Mr. Mohibbul Haque also suggested that some chowks should be

upgraded renovated & beautified such as:-

Bariarpur Chowk

Mathiya Zariat Chowk

Chandmari Chowk

Balua Chowk

Madhubani Chawani Chowk

Gayan Babu Chowk

Gaja Gaddi Chowk

Mr. H.Vaz Social Expert & Mr.Vikas Singh, Planner of VSPL then thanked the participants for their

proactive and meaningful participation and helping VSPL to fill in the gaps with their local experiential

knowledge, and encouraged them to come better prepared for the 3rd workshops in full vigor.





PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE SECOND WORKSHOP

11.5.3 Third Workshop

The meeting started with Mr. Binesh Kumar Nirman, Planner of VSPL welcoming the Honorable Chairman

Shri. Prakash Asthana, Executive Officer Mr.Rajendra Mandal, City manager Abhaya Priya , honorable

Ward Councilors, officials of the Municipal Council.

Mr.Vikas Singh, Urban Planner from VSPL then took forward the workshop and presented the projects

identified for the Motihari city. He briefly discussed about the issues of the city and provided the reason





behind identification of projects. He highlighted the importance of Motijheel to be conserved as one of

the important projects for the city.

After the full-fledged presentation, Mr. Vikas Singh invited the participants for open discussion.

The honorable Chairman Shri. Prakash Asthana went on to elaborate on what needs to be included in the

CDP projects and suggested the followings:

He gave special emphasis on conservation & beautification of Motijheel and suggested developing it as a tourist spot. He also stressed to make it as an income-generating resource for Municipal Council.

He suggested names of following chowks for the beautification and renovation: o Bariarpur Chowk o Gayan Babu Chowk o Gaja Gaddi Chowk o Agarawal Chowk (Hospital Chowk) o Balua Chowk o Chandmari Chowk o Madhubani Chawani Chowk o Arya Samaj Chowk o Henri Bazar Chowk o Mathiya Zariat Chowk o Station (Dak Bangla Chowk)

Construction of Bridge over Dhanouti River.

Slaughter house should be in outer area of city. Land is availability for slaughter house in Jamala road.

The main problem of the town is Sewerage & Drainage. Local drain should be connected with main drain.

Ring Road is required from Roying Club to Jaunpur.

Fire provision should be incorporate in the CDP for prevent the fire incidents in the city.

There is a housing demand in the town, for this some private builders are welcomed in housing projects on PPP based.

Land is available in Banjariya, Chaulahaa, Chinwaniya along National Highway 28 outside the town & Jamala Road north side of the National highway.

Land is available in Bankat, Furshatgang & Chanderhiya for upcoming Central University.

Executive Officer Mr.Rajendra Mandal suggested the following ideas:

Conservation & beautification of Motijheel is very necessary.

To include the ways and means of increasing the revenue of the Council.

The water pipe lines are in a very bad condition in the whole town.

Tourist places in the city as well as outside the city should be given importance in the CDP.

Honorable Ward Councilors Mr. Mohibbul Haque Ward no 24 suggested for improvement of few roads

listed below:

Gayatri Mandir to jaunpul station road.

Raghunathpur to Bagampur.

Balua railway crossing to Ambadkar Chowk Via L.R.P. Colony.

Kawanri Devi Chowk to Via Gaushala & Mathiya National highway 28.





PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE 3RD WORKSHOP

11.5.4 Fourth Workshop Proceedings CDP Motihari,

September 14, 2011 at 3:00 pm, at Radha Krishna Bhawan, Motihari

On behalf of VSPL Ms. Meenakshi Tyagi, Senior Manager, VSPL Team welcomed all the invitees of

workshop including the District Magistrate, the Chairman, the executive Officer, the ward councilors,

Officials of the Municipal council and line departments, and other stakeholders of Motihari city.

She then went on to briefly recap the outcome of the three Workshops held prior, and proceeded to

explain and highlight the purpose of the Fourth Workshop of the CDP. She then invited Mr. Vikas Singh

Urban Planner, VSPL Team to proceed with the Presentation of the Fourth Workshop.

Mr. Vikas Singh made a detailed presentation of the Draft City Development plan for Motihari city which

included the city overview, sector profile, City Vision. He then invited Mr.Pranav Pravin Urban Planner

and Financial expert, VSPL Team to present the Capital Investment Plan and financial Operating Plan (CIP

and FOP) for Motihari CDP.





Mr. Pranav Pravin presented the CIP and FoP of CDP Motihari.

After the completion of the Presentation, Ms. Meenakshi Tyagi invited the stakeholders to provide their

views and suggestions.

MLA Sh. emphasized on the immediate need of strict implementation of building bye laws and the

formulation followed by implementation of drainage master plan so that encroachment on Motijheel and

Kararia Lake could be checked.

Chairman Sh. Prakash Asthana suggested bringing in the Gandhi Circuit for tourism for which Motihari

will be vital destination.

Ward Councilor Smt. Naseema Khatoon suggested for ‘Sulabh Shauchalayas’ (Public toilets) to be

provided at all the tourists spots and also to have Compact Fluorescent lights (CFL) running on solar

energy for street lightening.

Ex. President of Chamber of Commerce, Sh. Jalan admired the quantum of work done specially the sector

analysis done to bring out the strategies and priorities of projects required for achieving the vision and

development of Motihari city. He also suggested for early implementation of CDP so as to get relief from

problems and avail better facilities for all.

Ms. Meenakshi Tyagi invited the chairman of Municipal Council, Motihari Sh. Prakash Asthana to

conclude the workshop.

Sh. Prakash Asthana appreciated the CDP of Motihari and asked to provide a copy of the draft report for

reference. He then thanked all the participants for their cooperation and suggestions and winded up the

workshop.

Photograph fourth Workshop





12. CITY VISION AND SECTORAL GOALS

12.1 CITY SWOT ANALYSIS

A city level SWOT analysis has been done based on an assessment of the status of various sectors of the city. These include the following.

Strength Weaknesses

Picturesque and congenial natural setting.

(The topographic profile, with surrounding

water bodies specially eight Ox –bow-lakes).

Region is largest producer of Sugarcane ,

Potato and vegetable

Large sugar mills located in the region

(Motihari, Sagauli, Baggha )

Market centre for the small towns

Proximity to Nepal Border

Strong Linkages- Road: (National Highway

Number 28 A, State Highway no 54); Railway

link (Hajipur, Darbhanga and West

Champaran. Motihari falls on Samastipur –

Muzaffarpur railway section)

Seat of Administrative Power in District

Sugar mills closed due to inadequate government supports; Entry taxes levied on the transporters discourages transport agencies to bypass the town.

Power supply is not adequate and reliable which discourages the industrial growth

Infrastructure facilities like water supply, sewerage, Solid Waste Management are below the service level bench mark adopted by the State Govt.

Work Force Participation Rate of the city is very low (23%) which is lower than national and state level. Lack of Manpower availability needing capacity building measures.

High Occupancy Rate (6.59 persons per HH) showing poor housing condition and poor standard of living

Congestion in the City Core areas especially in Meena Bazaar, Henary Bazaar, Sonarpatti, Balua Chowk, Chandmari Chowk , due to poor road condition & traffic Management , Highly specialized commercial activities and encroachments alongside the roads

24 % of city population are living in slums with poor amenities & unhygienic condition

Opportunities Threats

Agro-based and food processing industries

should provide opportunities for enhancing

the economic base of the city

Because of strategic location, strong linkages

and presence of sugar cane industries in the

region considered as an opportunity to

develop the town as agro-based marketing

Poor power Suppy

Motijheel is heavily polluted as a result

of raw sewage inflow and dumping of

solid waste-potential health hazard

Lack of high quality urban

infrastructure such as roads, water





Opportunities Threats

town / trading town.

Protection, restoration and overall

environmental improvement of 8 Ox-bow –

Lakes to attract Tourist activities and

promoting for the Aqua-tourism.

Presence of 8 lakes should be considered for

fish-culture for improving the livelihood for

the urban poor

supply & sewerage etc.

12.2 FORMULATION OF CITY VISION- 2030

During the individual discussions and during the workshops, the stakeholders discussed and debated the

various issues and have articulated that the Vision for Motihari should consider the following aspects

while formulating the Vision.

An environment friendly city with excellent infrastructure and sustainable development.

Development of a slum free and pollution free city.

Promote it as a tourist hub.

Planned residential layouts with provision of social and physical infrastructure.

The stakeholders formulate the Vision for the city of Motihari by consensus approach and through

continued consultation with the community in an integrated and cohesive manner considering the

strengths, current issues, concerns, problems and the future focus areas to achieve the desired results.



Presence of Motijheel in the heart of the city

Presence of 8 Ox –bow lake within the radius of 10-12 km

Major producer of Sugar cane , Vegetable , Fish & Grain

Strong connectivity

District headquarter of east-champaran

City Vision - 2030

“To Develop Molinari as Rapturous city having attraction of Aqua-tourism with Agro -processing

based marketing / Trading.”





12.3 SECTORAL GOALS

After finalizing the city vision, it is necessary to set the sector specific goals to achieve the vision. A

technical assessment of each sector was presented before the stakeholders and then a scenario was

offered regarding the existing situation. Various alternative goals were also suggested while discussing

informally to give an understanding regarding the subject area. The suggestions were totally based on the

analysis done for each sector and it was completely assured that the goals proposed by the stakeholders

should not get influenced by some specific person or a group of influential people. The sector wise goals

thus finalized are tabulated below:

S. No SECTOR GOAL

1 Economy, Trade &

Commerce

To develop Motihari as a regional market and promote local

resources and potential based sustainable industrial development.

2 Housing & Slums To provide shelter for all with basic services & infrastructure

facilities.

3 Water supply To ensure access to safe drinking water for all.

4 Sewerage To ensure access to sewerage system using all kinds of

environment friendly waste disposal and treatment systems.

5 Drainage To achieve city level comprehensive and sustainable drainage

system by regarding the existing natural drainage.

6 Solid waste

management

To achieve and promote environmentally sustainable waste

management practice.

7 Urban transportation To achieve comfortable, sustainable, equitable and efficient

transport system in the city.

8 Power supply To ensure access to electric power.

9 Education To promote quality of educational facilities in the city with special

focus on the marginalized section of the society.

10 Health To provide quality health facilities with special focus towards

primary health care facilities.

11 Open spaces, Parks &

Water bodies

To conserve and promote quality spaces considering the potential

of the city in tourism sector.

12 Urban environment &

tourism

To promote Motihari as a renowned destination for recreational

activities esp. water based.

13 Disaster management To ensure disaster preparedness and sustainable development in

Motihari city.

14 Urban governance To promote participatory, efficient, equitable, accountable and

transparent urban governance system for the city.





Examples showing how the sector wise Goals & Prioritization of Sectors were finalized for Motihari





13. CITY INVESTMENT PLAN

13.1 INTRODUCTION

The Capital Investment Plan is an important element and is significant in terms of the city’s management

process and sustainability concerning the delivery of basic services. The estimation of funds required is

done based on the similar projects done in recently in the nearby areas. In some cases, wherever possible

the schedule of rates has been referred.

The need for updating is on account of:

Reassessment of city growth and infrastructure needs ( to be carried out once in five years)

Detailed feasibility/engineering studies carried out of new projects.

Rescheduling of investments on ongoing projects due to cost and/or time overruns.

Reassigning priorities within the constraints of available financial resources

Goals for CIP

Provision of capital facilities that sustains city populace.

Preservation of the physical integrity capital assets.

Capital facilities to be considered community assets.

Project Identification and City Investment

The project’s identification has been done based on the strategies listed out under each of the sector.

The projects derived based on the MMC estimates and aimed at ensuring optimal and efficient utilization

of existing infrastructure systems. The total estimated capital investment required for providing efficient

services to the population of MMC by the year 2030 is about Rs. 72808.23 Lakhs. The table below

presents the summary of sector wise investment requirements.

Table 13-1: Phase wise Investment required in all Sectors

SN Sector


Lakh)

Phase-I (2011-15) Phase-II Phase-III Phase-III

I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-14)

IV th Yr. (14-15)

2011-15 2015-20 2020-25 2025-30

1 WATER SUPPLY 160.00 10.00 0.00 150.00 0.00 160.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

2 SEWERAGE 17170.00 110.00 4095.00 6660.00 5705.00 16570.00 150.00 150.00 300.00

3 DRAINAGE 6695.00 2825.00 3870.00 0.00 0.00 6695.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

4 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 883.37 42.50 265.02 0.00 0.00 307.52 137.01 145.77 293.07

5

URBAN TRANSPORTATION 9059.86 196.22 1338.65 2250.00 0.00 3784.86 925.00 250.00 4100.00

6 EDUCATION 550.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 550.00

7 HEALTH 11710.00 40.00 120.00 52.50 118.13 330.63 53.13 5013.13 6313.13

8 HOUSING & 5650.00 1420.00 2115.00 2115.00 0.00 5650.00 0.00 0.00 0.00





SN Sector


Lakh)

Phase-I (2011-15) Phase-II Phase-III Phase-III

I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-14)

IV th Yr. (14-15)

2011-15 2015-20 2020-25 2025-30

SLUMS

9 URBAN ENVIRONMENT 315.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 305.00 0.00 0.00

10 HERITAGE & TOURISM 9900.00 2287.50 6862.50 0.00 0.00 9150.00 750.00 0.00 0.00

11

ECONOMY, TRADE & COMMERCE 10140.00 65.00 75.00 0.00 0.00 140.00 7500.00 2500.00 0.00

12 URBAN GOVERNANCE 575.00 162.50 412.50 0.00 0.00 575.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Sub Total 72808.23 7168.72 19153.67 11227.50 5823.13 43373.01 9820.14 8058.90 11556.20

Land Acquisition & other escalations @ 10% 7280.82 716.87 1915.37 1122.75 582.31 4337.30 982.01 805.89 1155.62

TOTAL 80089.05 7885.59 21069.03 12350.25 6405.44 47710.31 10802.15 8864.79 12711.81

Figure 13-1: Expenditure of MMC, 2008-09

WATER SUPPLY 0.35%

SEWERAGE 33.51%

DRAINAGE 11.23%

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

1.66%

URBAN TRANSPORTATION

12.58%

EDUCATION 3.01%

HEALTH 4.96%

HOUSING & SLUMS 7.96%

URBAN ENVIRONMENT

0.31%

HERITAGE & TOURISM

0.93%

ECONOMY, TRADE &

COMMERCE 23.05%

URBAN GOVERNANCE

0.43%

Percentage of sectoral Investment





13.2 SECTOR WISE INVESTMENT

The projects identified for the city of Motihari and its sector wise investment is given in the following

sections:

13.2.1 Water supply

The main intention of the project is to improve the water supply situation, which is discussed above

under the section of basic infrastructure. While the Motihari Water Supply Scheme is under pipeline,

capital investment plan also consider the scheme and only proposed the augmentation Proposed for the

2030. In the capital Investment Plan, community awareness program is also proposed for water

conservation.

SN PROJECT COST (in Rs. Lakh)

I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-14)

IV th Yr. (14-15)

2015-20

2020-25

2025-30

I WATER SUPPLY

1 Implementation of REORGNISATION OF MOTIHARI URBAN WATER SUPPLY SCHEME under Accelerated Urban Water Supply Programme ( estimated cost : Rs 1170.04 lakhs ; Total Supply 23.8 MLD by 2033; projected population 168500 ; per capita per day supply 135 LPCD)

* Already considered in DPR of REORGNISATION OF MOTIHARI URBAN WATER SUPPLY SCHEME

Pump House

New Pumps & Motors

Rising Mains & Distribution system

Transformers

OHRs

2 Augumentation of existing Water Supply Scheme 150 150

3 Water Conservation awareness programme 10 10

SUB TOTAL WATER SUPPLY 160 10 0 150 0 0 0 0

13.2.2 Sewerage

Recently the city has no sewerage system. For improving the city sewerage and sanitation situation,

17170 lakhs capital investment has been proposed. Therefore, in order to establish the sewerage system,

a sewerage treatment plant having the capacity of 23 MLD and sewer network has been planned.

Improvement of existing nine public and community toilets is proposed and new public toilets are to be

build in the major market areas and public places.






I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-14)

IV th Yr. (14-15)

2015-20

2020-25

2025-30

II SEWERAGE

1 Construction of Sewage Treatment plant 1380 345 1035

2 Laying down sewerage network (tentetive calculation) 15000 3750 5625 5625

3 Re-construction of existing public toilets (Male & Female toilets) 180 100 80

4 Construction of new public toilets (for male & female) 600 150 150 300

5 Sanitation Awareness Programmes 10 10

SUB TOTAL SEWERAGE 17170 110 4095 6660 5705 150 150 300

13.2.3 Drainage

Capital works towards an extensive storm water drainage taken up on priority basis. Total capital

investment proposed in this sector is 6695 Lakhs. 100 % drainage coverage and improvement of existing

drains is proposed. The rejuvenation of Motijheel, mixing of sewage in Motijheel CETP and interceptor

drain has been proposed.


I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-14)

IV th Yr. (14-15)

2015-20 2020-25 2025-

30

III DRAINAGE

1 Upgradation of existing drainage system

De-silting of Discharge Drains 15 15

Repair & covering all open pucca drains 4540 1135 3405

Construction of pucca drain over existing kuchha drain 1500 1500

2 Construction of CETP at outfall 500 125 375

3 Construction of interceptor drain along Motijheel 120 30 90

4 Preparation of Comprehensive Drainage Master Plan 20 20

SUB TOTAL DRAINAGE 6695 2825 3870 0 0 0 0 0






In order to improve the existing solid water management system, the following project has been

identified:

Identification and construction of dumping ground to a legal and scientific MSW disposal landfill,

to restrict any further damage to the ground and surface water.

Procurement of mechanical equipment’s for cleaning, collection and transportation of wastes.

Encouraging various drives for keeping the city clean and segregation of wastes at source to the

common mass.

It has been observed in various cities that even after the implementation of waste management plans,

the city does not show any improvement. The situation continues and finally the implementation part of

the plan gets discouraged. The basic reason behind such a failure is the lack of awareness among the

citizens regarding the issue. Hence, such a proposal should be given proper importance for better

implementation of the waste management plan.

The awareness generation programmes may comprise of some activities, distribution of

pamphlets, etc. Some local NGO working in the area or nearby can be involved in the

programme.


I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-

14)

IV th Yr. (14-

15) 2015-20

2020-25

2025-30

IV SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

1 Development of Sanitary Landfill Site 80

20.00

60.00

2 Construction of compost plant at landfill site 50

12.50

37.50

3 Purchase of Equipments to upgrade SWM system

Containerized Handcarts

22.50

5.55

5.55

5.55

5.85

Containerized Tricycles

5.00

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.10

Community bins for Slums

5.00

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

Silt Removal machine

3.00

3.00

Small vehicles for direct collection of waste

5.00

2.50

1.25

1.25

Closed dumper placers containers 4.5 cu.mtr. Volume

500.00

125.00

125.00

125.00

125.00

Closed dumper placers containers of 7 cu. Mtr. Volume

Containers for domestic hazardous waste

4.35

1.16

1.16

1.16

0.87

4.5 cu. Mtr skips for construction waste

2.50

0.75

0.75

0.75

0.25

Construction Waste collection Vehicle

15.00

7.50

7.50






I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-

14)

IV th Yr. (14-

15) 2015-20

2020-25

2025-30

Small van for hospital waste collection

6.00

2.00

2.00

2.00

Bull Dozers/Wheel Dozers

40.00

40.00

Incineration Plant (BMW)

100.00

100.00

JCB Machine

20.00

10.00

10.00

Septic Tank Cleaning Machine

15.00

15.00

Street Sweeping Machines

0.0210

0.0105

0.0105

4 Awareness generation programmes 10 10

SUB TOTAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 883.4 42.5 265.0 0.0 0.0 137.0 145.8 293.1

13.2.5 Urban Transportation

For achieving an efficient transport system, long term and short term projects are to be proposed. Short-

term projects include road improvement, junction improvement and long-term projects include

Transport Nagar, bus terminal, ring road and these long-term projects need huge investments. Bus

terminal and Transport Nagar are considered as remunerative projects, which enhance the income of the

municipality.


I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-

14)

IV th Yr. (14-

15)

2015-20

2020-25

2025-30

V URBAN TRANSPORTATION

1 Development of a Transport Nagar near Chhatauni chowk 2500 2500

2 Development of Parking spaces near:

Henari Bazaar, Balua Chowk, Station road , hospital road , Chatuni chowk & Purabsarai Market, Jan pual 300 100 100 100

3 Road Widening & Improvement with Street Lighting(Removal of encroachment, provision of footpath, zebra crossing, etc.)

Road Improvement - All Internal roads 545 136.215 408.645

Provision of ring Road along Motijheel 240 60 180

Construction of Bridges on Motijheel and Dhanuti river 3 in nos 3000 750 2250

4 Bus & Taxi Stand & Terminals

Construction of ISBT + Commericial Complexes 1500 1500

Establishment of City Bus Based Public Transport System 700 700






I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-

14)

IV th Yr. (14-

15)

2015-20

2020-25

2025-30

5 Signalisation & beautification of major intersections

275

125 150

Briarpur Chowk

Madhuban Chawani Chowk

Gyan Babu Chowk

Gaja Gaddi Chowk

Chand mari Chowk

Balua Chowk

Arya Samaj Chowk

Dharam samaj Chowk

Henari Bazaar Chowk

Station Chowk

Matiya Chowk

SUB TOTAL URBAN TRANSPORT 9059.86 196.215 1338.65 2250 0 925 250 4100

13.2.6 Education

The projects under education sector are identified completely based on the guidelines of UDPFI. There is

a requirement of Rs. 550 lakhs in this sector.


I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-14)

IV th Yr. (14-15)

2015-20

2020-25

2025-30

VI EDUCATION

1 Construction of Senior Secondary Schools 400 400

2 Construction of School for Handicapped 150 150

SUB TOTAL EDUCATION 550 0 0 0 0 0 0 550

13.2.7 Health

The projects under health sector are also identified completely based on the guidelines of UDPFI. There is

a requirement of a total of Rs. 11710 lakhs in this sector.


I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-

14)

IV th Yr. (14-15)

2015-20

2020-25 2025-30

VII HEALTH

1 Construction of Intermediate Hospital (category-A, 200 beds) 10000 5000 5000

2 Construction of Intermediate Hospital (category-B, 80 beds) 1300 1300

3 Construction of Poly-clinic 80 10 30 40

4 Construction of Nursing home 120 30 90

5 Construction of Dispensary 210 52.5 118.13 13 13 13

SUB TOTAL HEALTH 11710 40 120 52.5 118.125 53.125 5013.13 6313.13





13.2.8 Housing and Slums

Currently SPUR is facilitating DFID slum survey in the city. Nothing can be recommended regarding the

redevelopment of these slums as to be in-situ or off-situ until the final report of the survey is prepared.

Most of the slums during reconnaissance survey were found comprising of unskilled population. A skill

development and training programme is suggested as a project.


I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-14)

IV th Yr. (14-15)

2015-20

2020-25

2025-30

VIII HOUSING & SLUMS

1 Redevelopment (In-situ / Off-situ: to be decided as per DFID survey recommendation) of existing slums (3760 HH)

5640 1410 2115 2115

Construction of roads in slums (with road side Covered drains)

Provision of community taps in slums

Street lighting in left out areas of slums

Construction of community toilets (@ 1 seat per 35 person)

2 Skill Development & Training for Slums

10 10

SUB TOTAL HOUSING & SLUMS 5650 1420 2115 2115 0 0 0 0

13.2.9 Urban Environment

The projects under this sector are recommended to improve the environmental sustainability of the area.

Rejuvenation of ox-bow lakes, redevelopment of parks, environmentally sensitive area mapping, and

disaster management plan and awareness programme for rainwater harvesting are the components

under this sector.


I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-14)

IV th Yr. (14-15)

2015-20

2020-25

2025-30

IX URBAN ENVIRONMENT

1 Rejuvenation of ox-bow lakes for Fishiculture 40 40

2 Redevelopment/ beautification of Recreational areas/parks 200 200

3 Preparation of Environmental sensitive area maps & data compilation 20 20

4 Preparation of a disaster management plan for the town 25 25

5 Provision of an Electric Crematorium 20 20

6 Community Awareness Programme for Rain Water Harvesting 10 10

SUB TOTAL URBAN ENVIRONMENT 315 10 0 0 0 305 0 0





13.2.10 Heritage and Tourism

Heritage of tourism sector needs an investment of Rs. 9900 lakhs by the end of year 2020. Development

of Motijheel & Kerari lake, upgradation of tourist spots, development of Tourist Information Centre and

Construction of Dharmshala are the major components of the sector.


I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-14)

IV th Yr. (14-15)

2015-20

2020-25

2025-30

X HERITAGE & TOURISM

1 Development of motijheel and Kerari lake as tourist places

9000 2250 6750

Boating

Tourist Huts

Shopping areas & Eating points

Parking areas

2 Protection of the banks of the river from water pollution & environmental degradation

Establishment of Aerators and pipe grid for Motijheel 50 12.5 37.5

Formation of Buffer Zones in Motijheel and Kerari lake 50 12.5 37.5

3 Upgradation / beautification of areas around tourist spots (parking, shed, cafeteria, drinking water facility, toilet (male & female) and wash room, etc.)

Mahatama Gandi Samark 30 30

Mahatama Gandi Museum 30 30

Gandi memorial 30 30

Asoka Piller in kesria 30 30

George aurovil home 30 30

4 Provision of net-railing by the sides of Motijheel 50 12.5 37.5

5 Development/ Re-establishment of Tourist Information Centre 100 100

6 Construction of a Dharmshala 500 500

SUB TOTAL HERITAGE & TOURISM 9900 2287.5 6862.5 0 0 750 0 0

13.2.11 Economy Trade and Commerce

Economic development plays crucial role in upliftment of standard of living of citizens. Rs. 10140 lakhs

investment is proposed in this sector.






I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-14)

IV th Yr. (14-15)

2015-20

2020-25

2025-30

XI ECONOMY, TRADE & COMMERCE

1 Development of Vendor Zones near Mothijheel Bridge , Henary Bazaar, Chatauni Chowk 2500 2500

2 Construction of Slaughter House

100

25

75

3 Establishment of Fish culture in existing water body 10

10

4 Development of a Commercial complex/ shopping area 5000 5000

5 Redevelopment & renewable of city core areas 2500 2500

6 Preparation of Master plan 30 30

SUB TOTAL ECONOMY, TRADE & COMMERCE 10140 65.0 75.0 0.0 0.0 7500.0 2500.0 0.0

13.2.12 Urban Governance

To enhance accountability and transparency in the working style of ULB, following projects have been

recommended. To improve the efficiency among the municipal staff, capacity building programmes and

training are mandatory.


I st Yr. (11-12)

II nd Yr. (12-13)

III rd Yr. (13-14)

IV th Yr. (14-15)

2015-20

2020-25

2025-30

XII URBAN GOVERNANCE

1 Establishment of e-governance

system & Single Window System 500 125 375

2 Establishment of Double

Accounting System 50 12.5 37.5

3 Capacity building of Municipal

officials 25 25

SUB TOTAL URBAN GOVERNANCE 575 162.5 412.5 0 0 0 0 0





14. MOTIHARI – FINANCIAL OPERATING PLAN AND FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY

The proposed projects for Motihari Municipality taking into account its resources and the existing shortfall in services are given below. The projects have been phased out taking in to account the time-span required for implementation of the project and the availability of the funds (loans, grants and Municipality’s own resources) for the same.

14.1 PROJECT EXECUTED BY THE MUNICIPALITY

Table 14-1: Phase-Wise Projects to be executed by the Municipality

(Rs. in lacs) S.No

.

Particulars

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Total Priorit

y Funding

By

2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2019-20 2024-25 2029-30

L : G : M

I Economy, Trade, commerce & Urban Development

a) Development of Vendor Zones - - - - 2500.00 - - 2500.00 B 100%

ULB

b) Establishment of Fish culture in existing water bodies 10.00 - - - - - - 10.00 B 100%

ULB

c) Development of commercial complexes/ shopping areas - - - - 5000.00 - - 5000.00 A 40:30:30

d) Redevelopment/ renovation of CBD & city core areas - - - - - 2500.00 - 2500.00 A 100%

ULB

e) Provision of Master plan 30.00 - - - - - - 30.00 B 100%

ULB

II Housing & Slums

a) Redevelopment (as per DFID survey recommendation) of existing slums 1410.00 2115.00 2115.00 - - - - 5640.00 B 90:10

b) Skill Development & Training for Slum dwellers 10.00 - - - - - - 10.00





S.No.

Particulars


y Funding

By

2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2019-20 2024-25 2029-30

L : G : M

III Water Supply

a) Augmentation of existing Water Supply Scheme - - 150.00 - - - - 150.00 A 40:30:30

b) Water conservation awareness programme 10.00 - - - - - - 10.00

IV Sewage

a) Construction of Sewage Treatment Plant & laying down sewage network - 4095.00 6660.00 5625.00 - - - 16380.00 A 40:30:30

b) Construction of new public toilets & re-construction/repair of existing public toilets 100.00 - - 80.00 150.00 150.00 300.00 780.00

c) Sanitation Awareness Programmes 10.00 - - - - - - 10.00

V Drainage

A

a) Upgradation of existing drainage network + Preparation of Comprehensive Drainage Master Plan 2670.00 3405.00 - - - - - 6075.00

b) Construction of interceptor drain along Motijheel & CETP at outfall 155.00 465.00 - - - - - 620.00

VI Solid Waste Management

a) Development of Sanitary Landfill Site & construction of compost plant 32.50 97.50 - - - - - 130.00 A PPP

b) Purchase of equipments to upgrade SWM system - 167.50 - - 137.00 146.00 293.00 743.50

c) Construction of a Slaughter House 25.00 75.00 - - - - - 100.00

d) SWM Awareness Programmes 10.00 - - - - - - 10.00

VII Urban Transportation

a) Development of a Transport Nagar - - - - - - 2500.00 2500.00 B 90:10

b) Development of Parking spaces - - - - 100.00 100.00 100.00 300.00 B

c) Road Widening & Improvement 196.00 1339.00 2250.00 - - - - 3785.00 B

d) Construction of ISBT & Commercial Complexes - - - - - - 1500.00 1500.00 B 40:30:30

e) Establishment of City Bus based Public Transport System - - - - 700.00 - - 700.00 B 40:30:30

f) Signalization & beautification of major intersections - - - - 125.00 150.00 - 275.00 B





S.No.

Particulars


y Funding

By

2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2019-20 2024-25 2029-30

L : G : M

VIII Education

a) Construction of Senior Secondary Schools - - - - - - 400.00 400.00 C 90:10

b) Construction of Schools for Handicapped - - - - - - 150.00 150.00

IX Health

a) Construction of Intermediate Hospitals (category-A)

5000.00 5000.00 10000.00 C 90:10

b) Construction of Intermediate Hospitals (category-B)

1300.00 1300.00

c) Construction of Poly-clinics 10.00 30.00

40.00 80.00

d) Construction of Nursing homes 30.00 90.00

120.00

e) Construction of Dispensaries 52.50 118.125 13.13 13.13 13.13 210.00

X Urban Environment

a) Rejuvenation of ox-bow lakes for fish culture

40.00

- 40.00

b) Redevelopment/ beautification of parks + Provision of an Electric Crematorium

220.00

- 220.00 B

100% ULB

c) Environmental sensitive area mapping & data compilation

20.00

- 20.00 B

100% ULB

d) Preparation of a Disaster Management Plan for the city

25.00

- 25.00 B

100% ULB

e) Community Awareness Programme for Rain Water Harvesting 10.00

- 10.00 B

100% ULB

XI Heritage & Tourism

a) Development of Motijheel and Kerari lake as tourist places 2250.00 6750.00 - - - - - 9000.00 A 100%

ULB

b) Upgradation / beautification of tourist sites - - 150.00 - - 150.00 B 100%

ULB

c) Establishment of aerators and pipe grids for Motijheel 12.50 37.50

- 50.00 A 90:10

d) Development of Buffer Zones along Motijheel and Kerari lake 12.50 37.50

- 50.00 B





S.No.

Particulars


y Funding

By

2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2019-20 2024-25 2029-30

L : G : M

e) Provision of net-railing along shoreline of Motijheel 12.50 37.50 - - - - - 50.00 B 100%

ULB

f) Development/ re-establishment of Tourist Information Centre - - - - 100.00 100.00 B 100%

ULB

g) Construction of a Dharmshala for tourists - - - - 500.00 500.00 B 100%

ULB

XII Urban Governance

a) Establishment of e- governance system & Single Window System 125.00 375.00 - - - - - 500.00 A 100%

ULB

b) Capacity building of Municipal officials plus Establishment of Double Accounting System 37.50 37.50 - - - - - 75.00 A

100% ULB

Total 7168.50 19154.00 11227.50 5823.13 9220.13 8059.13 12156.13 72808.50

The initial building blocks of the Corporate Plan are the ‘elements’ required to sustain the town’s growth; public utility, urban environment, economic

and social development, land use and transportation, municipal resources, urban governance and capital facilities. The projects in the plan were

developed through a consultative process carried out between the Local Body Officials, Council Staff and Elected Officials, Public Interest Groups,

Project Stakeholders and the local citizens.

The projects have been prioritized in the following order:

a) Storm Water Drains

b) Water Supply

c) Sewerage and Sanitation

d) Solid Waste Management

e) Other Remunerative Projects

f) Urban Service for Poor (Slum Upgradation)

g) Transportation & Street Lighting





14.2 PROJECTS TO BE CARRIED OUT BY OTHER DEPARTMENTS

The details of projects identified for being carried out by Other Departments are as below:

Table 14-2: Regional Level Projects to be carried out by Other Departments

S.No Particulars Cost Funding By

1 Development of Agro - processing Park 4500.00 State Govt.

2 Incentives for redevelopment of closed sugar mills 100.00 State Govt.

3 Incentives to HH and small scale industries 50.00 State Govt.

4 Construction of By-pass on National Highway 28 8000.00 NHAI

Total 12650.00

As these projects would be carried out by other Departments of the State Government and not by Municipality, the same are not considered in the Financial Operating Plan (FOP).

14.3 MEANS OF FINANCE

The means of finance for each individual project identified taking into account whether the same is remunerative or non-remunerative and the availability of Grants from various sources is given below:

Table 14-3: Multi Year Investment Plan and Means of Finance

(Rs. in lacs)

Multi Year Investment Plan

S.No. Particulars Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Total

2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2019-20 2024-25 2029-30

1A Development of Vendor Zones

Total Project Cost 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2500.00 0.00 0.00 2500.00

Add : Price Inflation @ 7% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1006.38 0.00 0.00 1006.38

Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3506.38 0.00 0.00 3506.38







2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2019-20 2024-25 2029-30

Means of Finance

Municipality Own Funds 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3506.38 0.00 0.00 3506.38

Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3506.38 0.00 0.00 3506.38

1B Establishment of Fish Culture



Total 10.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.70

Means of Finance


Total 10.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.70

1C Development of commercial complexes/ shopping areas



Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7012.76 0.00 0.00 7012.76

Means of Finance

Loan 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2805.10 0.00 0.00 2805.10

Grant 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2103.83 0.00 0.00 2103.83


Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7012.76 0.00 0.00 7012.76

1D Provision of Master Plan



Total 32.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 32.10

Means of Finance








2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2019-20 2024-25 2029-30

Total 32.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 32.10

2 Housing & Loans



Total 1519.40 2421.46 2590.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6531.83

Means of Finance

Grant 1367.46 2179.32 2331.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5878.65


Total 1519.40 2421.46 2590.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6531.83

3 Water Supply



Total 10.70 0.00 183.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 194.46

Means of Finance

Loan 4.28 0.00 73.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 77.78

Grant 3.21 0.00 55.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 58.34


Total 10.70 0.00 183.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 194.46

4 Sewerage



Total 117.70 4688.37 8158.79 7478.09 210.38 225.11 481.73 21360.17

Means of Finance

Loan 47.08 1875.35 3263.51 2991.24 84.15 90.04 192.69 8544.07

Grant 35.31 1406.51 2447.64 2243.43 63.11 67.53 144.52 6408.05







2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2019-20 2024-25 2029-30


Total 117.70 4688.37 8158.79 7478.09 210.38 225.11 481.73 21360.17

5 Drainage

Total Project Cost 2825.00 3870.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6695.00 Add : Price Inflation @ 7% 197.75 560.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 758.51

Total 3022.75 4430.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7453.51

Means of Finance

Grant 2720.48 3987.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6708.16


Total 3022.75 4430.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7453.51

6 Solid Waste Management



Total 72.23 389.27 0.00 0.00 192.15 219.11 470.49 1343.24

Means of Finance

PPP 72.23 389.27 0.00 0.00 192.15 219.11 470.49 1343.24

Total 72.23 389.27 0.00 0.00 192.15 219.11 470.49 1343.24

7A Urban Transportation



Total 209.72 1533.02 2756.35 0.00 315.57 375.18 4175.03 9364.88

Means of Finance

Grant 188.75 1379.72 2480.71 0.00 284.02 337.66 3757.53 8428.39


Total 209.72 1533.02 2756.35 0.00 315.57 375.18 4175.03 9364.88







2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2019-20 2024-25 2029-30

7B Taxi & Bus Terminals

Total Project Cost - - - - - - 1500.00 1500.00


Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2408.67 2408.67

Means of Finance

Loan 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 963.47 963.47

Grant 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 722.60 722.60


Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2408.67 2408.67

7C Signalization & beautification of major intersections

Total Project Cost - - - - 125.00 150.00 - 275.00


Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 175.32 225.11 0.00 400.43

Means of Finance

Loan 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 70.13 90.04 0.00 160.17

Grant 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 52.60 67.53 0.00 120.13


Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 175.32 225.11 0.00 400.43

8 Education



Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1989.09 1989.09

Means of Finance

Grant 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1790.18 1790.18








2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2019-20 2024-25 2029-30

Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1989.09 1989.09

9 Health



Total 42.80 137.39 64.31 154.84 97.67 12926.51 22831.59 36255.11

Means of Finance

Grant 38.52 123.65 57.88 139.35 87.90 11633.86 20548.43 32629.60


Total 42.80 137.39 64.31 154.84 97.67 12926.51 22831.59 36255.11

10A Urban Environment - Moti Jheel



Total 26.75 85.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 112.62

Means of Finance

Grant 24.08 77.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 101.36


Total 26.75 85.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 112.62

10B Urban Environment - Others



Total 10.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 427.78 0.00 0.00 438.48

Means of Finance


Total 10.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 427.78 0.00 0.00 438.48







2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2019-20 2024-25 2029-30

11A Heritage & Tourism – Dev. of Motijeel & Kekari Lake



Total 2407.50 7728.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10135.58

Means of Finance


Total 2407.50 7728.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10135.58

11B Heritage & Tourism - Others



Total 40.13 128.80 0.00 0.00 210.38 0.00 963.47 1342.78

Means of Finance


Total 40.13 128.80 0.00 0.00 210.38 0.00 963.47 1342.78

12 Urban Governance



Total 173.88 472.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 646.15

Means of Finance


Total 173.88 472.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 646.15





14.4 CONSOLIDATED MEANS OF FINANCE

The consolidated ‘Means of Finance’ for all the projects put-together is summarized below: Table 14-4: Consolidated Means of Finance

(Rs. in lakh)

S.No. Particulars Multi Year Investment Plan

Total 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2019-20 2024-25 2029-30

I Project Cost



Total 7670.30 21929.41 13754.17 7632.93 16950.82 20780.73 43962.96 132681.32

II Means of Finance


(including Deposits from Public)

Grant 4377.80 9154.16 7373.23 2382.78 2591.46 12106.59 26963.26 64949.28

Loan 51.36 1875.35 3337.02 2991.24 2959.38 180.09 1156.16 12550.59

PPP 72.23 389.27 0.00 0.00 192.15 219.11 470.49 1343.24

Total 7697.05 22015.28 13754.17 7632.93 12148.39 13971.02 33320.08 110538.92

CITY DEVELOPMENT

PLAN




14.5 FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY

The sustainability analysis assumes that the Municipality will carry out reforms indicated as assumptions

for financial projections. A Financial and Operating Plan (FOP) is prepared which evaluates the Local Body

Fund status for the Full Project scenario.

The FOP is a cash flow stream of the ULB based on the regular Municipality revenues, expenditures and

applicability of surplus funds to support project sustainability. The FOP horizon is determined to assess

the impact of full debt servicing liability resulting from the borrowings to meet the identified

interventions. The proposed capital investments are phased over 20 years investment from FY 2011-12 to

FY 2029-30.

The full project investment scenario is based on all the proposed investments identified for Motihari

Municipality and the requirement for upgrading the town’s infrastructure is estimated and phased based

on the construction activity. Implications of this investment in terms of external borrowings required,

resultant debt service commitment and additional operation and maintenance expenditure are worked

out to ascertain sub-project cash flows. Revenue surpluses of the existing operations are applied to the

sub-project cash flows emerging from full project investments – the Municipality fund net surpluses

indicates the ULB’s ability to sustain full investments.

FY 2011-12 is taken as the base year and FY 2039-40 is assumed as the reference year (30 years) to

determine the net surpluses and whether the Municipality maintains a debt / revenue surplus ratio as an

indication of the ULB’s ability to sustain investments.

14.6 BASIC ASSUMPTIONS FOR PROJECTION

The FOP is based on a whole range of assumptions related to income and expenditure. These are critical

to ascertain the investment sustenance and would also provide a tool to test certain specific policy

decisions regarding revenue and expenditure drivers on the overall Local Body’s fiscal situation. This

section elucidated the key assumptions adopted for the FOP scenario.

The growth rates for the various heads of income and expenditure have been arrived based on the past

growth rates and the future estimated population growth. Improvements to the existing current and

arrears collection percentages have been assumed for the various revenues directly collected by the Local

Body, which implies that the Local Body would have to improve its collection mechanism to sustain full

investments.

Given below are the various assumptions forming part of the FOP workings:

14.6.1 Population Growth

The present population of Motihari Municipality is 126106 Nos. The population is expected to reach

206547 Nos. by 2030. The growth in population is expected to be as below:

Year Population Growth

2010 126106 2015 142746 2.60%

2020 161474 2.59%

2025 182617 2.58%

2030 206547 2.57%

CITY DEVELOPMENT

PLAN




14.6.2 Property Tax

The present number of property tax assessments is 17468 Nos. The tax collection is around Rs. 183 lacs.

The property tax collection percentage is only around 32%.

But there is potential for increasing the number of assessments to 23461 Nos. The tax collection

percentage can be improved to 90% and the property tax collections can be improved to Rs. 350 lacs.

It is assumed that revision in property tax rates would be carried out @ 15% every 5 years.

14.6.3 Profession tax

Income from Profession Tax is assumed to increase @ 2% per annum. It is assumed that the profession

tax rates would be increased @ 15% every 5 years.

The increase in profession tax growth is based on the population growth rate given above.

14.6.4 Water Supply Charges

At present no water charge is levied by the Municipality.

It is assumed that after completion of water supply improvements work, the house service connections

would be equal to 90% of property tax assessments.

The water charges and deposit shall be as below:

Particulars Tariff Deposit / Connection Charges

Assumption-I Assumption-II Assumption-I Assumption-II

Domestic Rs. 50/- per month Rs. 100/- per month Rs. 500/- Rs. 500/-

Commercial Rs. 200/- per month Rs. 200/- per month Rs. 3000/- Rs. 3000/-

Industrial Rs. 500/- per month Rs. 750/- per month Rs. 10000/- Rs. 20000/-

It is assumed that the water charges and deposit shall be increased by 15% every 5 years as give below:

Particulars Increase in Tariff

Increase in Deposit Assumption-I Assumption-II

Domestic Rs. 15/- per month Rs. 15/- per month Rs. 250/-

Commercial Rs. 30/- per month Rs. 30/- per month Rs. 1000/-

Industrial Rs. 75/- per month Rs. 80/- per month Rs. 3000/-

14.6.5 Sewerage Charges

At present no sewerage charge is levied by the Municipality.

It is assumed that after completion of sewerage improvements work, the house service connections

would be equal to 80% of property tax assessments.

The sewerage charges and deposit shall be as below:

Particulars Tariff Deposit / Connection Charges

Assumption-I Assumption-II




CITY DEVELOPMENT

PLAN




It is assumed that the water charges and deposit shall be increased by 20% every 5 years as give below:

Particulars Increase in Tariff

Increase in Deposit Assumption-I Assumption-II





It has been estimated that solid waste generation per day shall be around 52 MTs. 1/3rd out of the same shall comprise Bio-degradable waste and the manure generation would be 1/3rd of the same. Thus the estimated saleable manure generation per day would be 5.78 MTs. The same shall increase @ 5% per annum. The revenue from solid waste disposal shall be Rs.1000 per MT. The same shall increase by Rs.100 every 5 years. The number of assets covered by solid waste management scheme shall be equal to 80% of property tax assessments. The conservancy fees collected shall be as below:

Particulars Conservancy Fee


Domestic Rs. 25.00/- per month after 5 yr. Rs. 25.00/- per month after 5 yr.

Commercial Rs. 50.00/- per month Rs. 100.00/- per month

Industrial Rs. 200.00/- per month Rs. 500.00/- per month

The same shall increase as below every 5 years; Domestic - Rs. 10.00/- Commercial - Rs. 20.00/- Industrial - Rs. 50.00/- The income from Solid Waste Management shall accrue to the PPP Operator up to 2039-40 and thereafter to the Municipality.

14.6.7 Commercial Complex

A new Commercial Complex is proposed to be constructed at a cost of Rs. 5000 lacs. The Commercial Complex shall comprise the following:

Particulars Nos. Rent

Deposit


Shops 1000 Nos. Rs. 3000/- per Month Rs. 8000/- per Month Rs. 100000/-

The rent shall increase @ 3% per annum. The deposit mobilization shall be utilized towards construction cost.

CITY DEVELOPMENT

PLAN




14.6.8 Vendor Zone

A new Vendor Zone is proposed to be constructed at a cost of Rs. 2500 lacs. The Vendor Zone shall comprise the following:

Particulars Nos. Rent Deposit

Shops 500 Nos. Rs. 1000/- per Month Rs. 1000/-


14.6.9 Construction of ISBT & Commercial Complexes

New Taxi & Bus Terminals are proposed to be constructed at a cost of Rs. 1500 lacs. The Terminals shall comprise shops, which shall earn rental income as given below:

Particulars Nos. Rent

Deposit


Shops 1000 Nos. Rs. 2000/- per Month Rs. 8000/- per Month Rs. 100000/-


14.6.10 Construction of Bridges on Motijheel and Dhanauti River

The Municipality at a cost of Rs. 3000 lacs shall carry out construction of Bridges at Motijheel and Dhanauti River. The Municipality shall collect toll from vehicles crossing the bridges as given below:

Type of Vehicle Toll No. per Day

Two Wheeler Rs. 5/- 3000

Four Wheeler (Car, Bus) Rs. 10/- 1500

Foru Wheeler (Trucks) Rs. 20/- 500

The above toll shall collect for each of the 3 Bridges. It is assumed that the number of vehicles passing through the bridges shall increase @ 3% per annum.

14.6.11 Development of Motijeel and Kekari Lakes

The development of Motijheel and Kekari Lakes as tourist places shall be undertaken and the same shall result in income of around Rs. 5 lacs per annum under assumption I and Rs. 20 lacs per annum under assumption II. The same shall increase @ 5% per annum.

14.6.12 Income from Parking Charges

It is assumed that the Municipality shall collect income from parking of various vehicles and the same shall result in net income of Rs. 10 lacs per annum. The same shall increase @ 5% per annum.

CITY DEVELOPMENT

PLAN




14.6.13 Income from Advertisement

It is assumed that the Municipality shall collect income from hoardings and advertisements to be put at various places and the same shall result in net income of Rs. 10 lacs per annum. The same shall increase @ 5% per annum.

14.6.14 Other Existing Income

It is estimated that the other existing income of the Municipal Council shall grow as under: Non Tax Revenue – 5% per annum Assigned Revenue – 5% per annum Revenue Grants – 4% per annum Other Income – 5% per annum

14.6.15 Other Existing Expenses

All expenditures are assumed to increase as under: Establishment Expenses – 5% per annum O&M Expenses – 5% per annum Program Expenses – 5% per annum Administration Expenses – 5% per annum Miscellaneous Expenses – 5% per annum

14.6.16 Operation & Maintenance Expenses

The Operation & Maintenance of new projects shall be as under: Economy, Trade & Commerce – 5% of Capital Cost Water Supply – 6% of Capital Cost Sewerage – 6% of Capital Cost Drainage – 5% of Capital Cost Solid Waste Management – 15% of Capital Cost Housing & Slums – 2% of Capital Cost Urban Transportation – 3% of Capital Cost Education - 3% of Capital Cost Health – 3% of Capital Cost Urban Environment – 3% of Capital Cost Heritage & Tourism – 4% of Capital Cost Urban Governance – 2% of Capital Cost The above operation & maintenance expenses shall increase @ 5% per annum.

14.6.17 Interest

Interests on loans have been provided based on the sanction rate for each loan. Repayments of loans are based on the repayment schedule of each loan. In respect of New Loans, it is assumed that the interest rate would be 9.5% p.a. The new loans shall be repaid over a period of 20 years with 5 years moratorium.

14.6.18 Depreciation

Depreciation is provided @ 3% p.a. on WDV Method on the total fixed assets of the Municipal Council.

CITY DEVELOPMENT

PLAN




14.6.19 Deposit

The Deposit Collection from Users in the first 4 years shall be utilized towards ULB’s contribution towards capital cost. The Gap in ULB contribution would have to be met by way of additional operational grants in the initial 4 years, which would be recovered from the Municipal Council in the later years. In the alternative, the projects may have to be prioritized and take up over a period of next 10 years instead of 4 years.

14.7 FUNDING PATTERN

The funding pattern of all remunerative projects is taken as Loan – 40%, Grant – 30% and ULB Own Contribution – 30%. The funding pattern of all non-remunerative projects is taken as Grant – 90% and ULB contribution – 10%. Smaller projects are assumed to be funded by way of 100% ULB Contribution.

14.8 IMPACT OF POTENTIAL IMPROVEMENTS

Motihari’s ability to improve on its financial performance hinges primarily on its ability to sustain and improve on the revenue growth noticeable in recent years. Specific interventions with respect to revenue realization and cost management are given under financial reforms to be carried out by the Municipality. Motihari has vast potential for increasing its own income given the growth achieved in the last few years and the projected growth in population of > 2%. Areas for revenue enhancement in own revenue include:

Property Tax – through an enhanced revision in ARV, widening assesse base and scrutiny, besides periodic increase (every 5 years) in property tax rates.

Professional Tax – sustaining a higher assessment growth.

User Charges – periodic increases in user charges for water connections, sewerage connections and solid waste management. The Municipality could generate additional income by providing water connections to 90% of property tax assessments and sewerage connections to 80% of property tax assessments.

Income from other remunerative projects and periodical increase in user charges. Motihari also needs to explore scope for private sector participation and corporate involvement for development of remunerative projects and city beautification projects that have been identified in the FOP thereby reducing the Municipality’s financial burden. While there is potential for expenditure control in certain areas (as in the case of energy costs and leakage in water supply), the focus of cost management should be to shift expenditure from administration to better asset management and service levels. We have not factored in any cost reduction in the FOP and have assumed that any savings generated from cost reduction would go into augmenting service levels and better asset management.

CITY DEVELOPMENT

PLAN




A comprehensive energy audit is required, given that 60-70% of its operations and maintenance expenditure is spent on electricity charges. Plugging leakage in the water supply network and installation of timers and energy savers on the street light network are important interventions needed in the context of Motihari’s high power costs.

14.9 SCENARIOS

14.9.1 Scenario I – Estimation of Investment Capacity by considering all projects and

all financial reforms

In Scenario I, the financial projections have been worked out for the next 30 years, by taking into consideration all the financial and other reforms as indicated as assumptions would be carried out by the Municipality. All the projects identified in FOP have been taken in to consideration to arrive at the investment and borrowing capacity. Future income and expenditure of these individual projects have been worked out by considering the financial reforms and then consolidated to arrive at the Municipality’s net surplus / (deficit) for the next 30 years. The financial projections for the next 30 years have been taken to arrive at the Borrowing and Investment capacity. We have arrived at the borrowing capacity of Motihari Municipality on the minimum of the following:

30% of revenue projections Primary Operating Surplus (Surplus before Interest & Deprecation)

The net present value (NPV) of the least of the above has been worked out to arrive at the borrowing capacity of the Municipality. The Investment Capacity has been arrived on dividing the borrowing capacity by loan component %.

Summary of Borrowing and Investment Capacity

Particulars Assumption-I Assumption-II

Borrowing Capacity -ve Rs. 3800 lakh

Investment Capacity (BC/0.11) -ve Rs. 34990 lakh

Investment Requirement Rs. 72800 lakh Rs. 72800 lakh

Sustainable Investment Capacity % - IC / IR NIL 48%

14.9.2 Scenario II – Estimation of Investment Capacity by considering all projects excluding

Education & Health and all financial reforms

In Scenario II, the financial projections have been worked out for the next 30 years, by taking into consideration all the financial and other reforms as indicated as assumptions would be carried out by the Municipality. All the projects identified in FOP except projects relating to Education and Health Sectors have been taken in to consideration to arrive at the investment and borrowing capacity. Future income and expenditure of these individual projects have been worked out by considering the financial reforms and then consolidated to arrive at the Municipality’s net surplus / (deficit) for the next 30 years. The financial projections for the next 30 years have been taken to arrive at the Borrowing and Investment capacity. We have arrived at the borrowing capacity of Motihari Municipality on the minimum of the following:

CITY DEVELOPMENT

PLAN




30% of revenue projections Primary Operating Surplus (Surplus before Interest & Deprecation)

The net present value (NPV) of the least of the above has been worked out to arrive at the borrowing capacity of the Municipality. The Investment Capacity has been arrived on dividing the borrowing capacity by loan component %.



Borrowing Capacity -ve Rs. 12200 lakh

Investment Capacity (BC/0.2) -ve Rs. 61100 lakh


Sustainable Investment Capacity % - IC / IR NIL 101%

14.9.3 Scenario III - Estimation of Borrowing and Investment Capacity by considering all

Projects without Financial Reforms

We also carried out the exercise of arriving at the Investment and Borrowing Capacity on as is where basis without any financial reforms being carried out and with all new projects taken into consideration. In such a scenario, the Investment and Borrowing Capacity works out as below:



Borrowing Capacity -ve -ve

Investment Capacity (BC/0.11) -ve -ve


Sustainable Investment Capacity % - IC / IR NIL NIL

Thus both the borrowing and investment capacity works out –ve in case the financial reforms as given in the assumptions are not carried out by the Municipality. The same implies that the Municipality would not be in a position to undertake any of the projects given in the FOP unless the financial reforms like collection of user charges for all remunerative projects, periodical increase in tax rates and user charges, collection of rental income based on market rates on all assets owned by the Municipality and let out, improvement in collection efficiency and widening the tax base are not carried out.





14.10 PROJECT CASH FLOW AND FOP

Detailed cash flows are worked out for each of the sub projects based on the assumptions with regards investment phasing, financing pattern, additional operation and maintenance expenditure and additional income out to proposed capital investments for the full project scenario. The net project cash flows are then loaded on the existing revenues to test their impact on the overall Municipality fiscal situation. a) Income and Expenditure projections

The table shown below captures the Income and Expenditure projections for the next 30 years with potential improvements and borrowings:

Table 14-5: Consolidated Income & Expenditure for next 30 years (up to FY 2039-40)

(Rs. In lacs)

Actuals

Projections

S.No Particulars

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

I Income

a) Tax Revenue 85.19 202.29 128.00 170.00 213.00 256.00 298.00 341.00 395.73 405.96 416.45 427.21

b) Non Tax Revenue 19.01 80.45 29.00 38.00 48.00 57.00 67.00 76.00 79.80 83.79 87.98 92.38

Total Own Income 104.20 282.75 157.00 208.00 261.00 313.00 365.00 417.00 475.53 489.75 504.43 519.59

c) Assigned Revenues 0.00 42.81 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.35 29.77 31.26 32.82

d) Revenue Grant 725.75 550.49 657.00 683.00 710.00 738.00 768.00 799.00 830.96 864.20 898.77 934.72

e) Other Income 28.57 11.18 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.30 28.67 30.10 31.60

h) Income from New Projects 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.00 21.00 1062.05 2775.64 3049.18 3202.87 3297.57 3395.10 3552.41

Total Income 858.53 887.23 857.00 956.00 1039.00 2162.05 3959.64 4318.18 4565.01 4709.95 4859.65 5071.14

II Expenditure

a) Establishment Expenses 270.00 277.41 287.00 316.00 332.00 349.00 366.00 384.00 403.20 423.36 444.53 466.75

b) Operation & Maintenace Expenses 22.57 33.99 30.00 32.00 34.00 36.00 38.00 40.00 42.00 44.10 46.31 48.62





Actuals

Projections

S.No Particulars

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

c) Program Expenses 109.21 249.95 189.00 198.00 208.00 218.00 229.00 240.00 252.00 264.60 277.83 291.72

d) Administration Expeses 6.41 5.23 6.11 6.42 6.74 7.08 7.43 7.80 8.19 8.60 9.03 9.48

e) Miscellaneous Expenses 9.19 14.05 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 17.85 18.74 19.68 20.66

f) O&M of Remunerative Projects 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 522.53 568.00 1626.00 1707.30 1792.67 1882.30 1976.41

g) O&M of Other Projects 0.00 0.00 0.00 144.04 294.08 439.69 461.01 483.38 506.85 531.46 557.29 584.39

Total Expenditure 417.39 580.64 524.11 709.46 888.82 1587.30 1685.45 2798.19 2937.39 3083.54 3236.97 3398.05

III Surplus / (Deficit) before Interest 441.14 306.59 332.89 246.54 150.18 574.75 2274.19 1520.00 1627.62 1626.41 1622.68 1673.10

and Depreciation

Finance Charges 9.19 14.05 12.00 2.44 183.04 500.05 784.22 1065.36 1082.31 1185.88 1163.11 1120.30

IV Surplus / (Deficit) before

Depreciation 431.95 292.53 320.89 244.10 (32.86) 74.70 1489.97 454.63 545.31 440.53 459.57 552.79

Depreciation - - - 114.41 552.27 1067.93 1353.41 1424.98 1382.23 1340.77 1300.54 1514.32

V Net Surplus / (Deficit) 431.95 292.53 320.89 129.69 (585.13) (993.23) 136.56 (970.35) (836.92) (900.23) (840.97) (961.53)

(Rs. In lacs)

S.No Particulars 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 2025-26 2026-27 2027-28 2028-29 2029-30

I Income

a) Tax Revenue 438.21 503.95 516.92 530.23 543.89 557.84 641.51 657.97 674.84 692.16

b) Non Tax Revenue 97.00 101.85 106.94 112.29 117.90 123.80 129.99 136.49 143.31 150.47

Total Own Income 535.21 605.79 623.86 642.52 661.79 681.63 771.50 794.45 818.15 842.63





S.No Particulars 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 2025-26 2026-27 2027-28 2028-29 2029-30

c) Assigned Revenues 34.46 36.18 37.99 39.89 41.89 43.98 46.18 48.49 50.91 53.46

d) Revenue Grant 972.11 1010.99 1051.43 1093.49 1137.23 1182.72 1230.02 1279.22 1330.39 1383.61

e) Other Income 33.18 34.84 36.58 38.41 40.33 42.35 44.47 46.69 49.03 51.48

h) Income from New Projects 3709.11 3818.43 3931.00 4046.94 4230.92 4414.33 4544.08 4677.70 4815.28 5030.30

Total Income 5284.07 5506.24 5680.87 5861.25 6112.15 6365.01 6636.25 6846.55 7063.77 7361.48

II Expenditure

a) Establishment Expenses 490.09 514.60 540.33 567.34 595.71 625.50 656.77 689.61 724.09 760.29

b) Operation & Maintenace Expenses 51.05 53.60 56.28 59.10 62.05 65.16 68.41 71.83 75.43 79.20

c) Program Expenses 306.31 321.62 337.70 354.59 372.32 390.93 410.48 431.01 452.56 475.18

d) Administration Expeses 9.96 10.46 10.98 11.53 12.11 12.71 13.35 14.01 14.71 15.45

e) Miscellaneous Expenses 21.70 22.78 23.92 25.12 26.37 27.69 29.08 30.53 32.06 33.66

f) O&M of Remunerative Projects 2075.24 2179.00 2287.95 2402.34 2522.46 2648.58 2781.01 2920.06 3066.07 3219.37

g) O&M of Other Projects 612.82 642.64 673.93 706.77 741.21 777.36 815.28 855.07 896.82 940.62

Total Expenditure 3567.16 3744.70 3931.10 4126.79 4332.24 4547.93 4774.38 5012.12 5261.73 5523.78

III Surplus / (Deficit) before Interest 1716.92 1761.54 1749.78 1734.46 1779.91 1817.08 1861.87 1834.43 1802.04 1837.70

and Depreciation

Finance Charges 1068.02 1015.74 963.46 911.18 849.52 778.50 707.47 636.45 565.43 494.40


Depreciation 648.90 745.80 786.32 823.28 930.39 1038.58 1154.40 1197.98 1236.62 1343.30

Depreciation 1721.69 1670.04 1619.94 1571.34 1642.01 1710.57 1659.25 1609.47 1561.19 1801.49

V Net Surplus / (Deficit) (1072.80) (924.24) (833.62) (748.06) (711.63) (671.98) (504.85) (411.50) (324.57) (458.19)





(Rs. In lacs) S.No Particulars 2030-31 2031-32 2032-33 2033-34 2034-35 2035-36 2036-37 2037-38 2038-39 2039-40

I Income

a) Tax Revenue 709.91 816.40 837.34 858.82 880.85 903.44 1038.96 1065.61 1092.95 1120.99

b) Non Tax Revenue 158.00 165.90 174.19 182.90 192.05 201.65 211.73 222.32 233.44 245.11

Total Own Income 867.91 982.29 1011.53 1041.72 1072.90 1105.10 1250.69 1287.93 1326.39 1366.10

c) Assigned Revenues 56.13 58.94 61.88 64.98 68.23 71.64 75.22 78.98 82.93 87.08

d) Revenue Grant 1438.95 1496.51 1556.37 1618.63 1683.37 1750.71 1820.74 1893.57 1969.31 2048.08

e) Other Income 54.05 56.75 59.59 62.57 65.70 68.99 72.44 76.06 79.86 83.85

h) Income from New Projects 5244.95 5398.86 5557.34 5720.54 5971.85 6222.95 6405.31 6593.09 6786.46 7080.08

Total Income 7661.99 7993.36 8246.72 8508.44 8862.04 9219.37 9624.40 9929.63 10244.94 10665.19

II Expenditure

a) Establishment Expenses 798.31 838.22 880.14 924.14 970.35 1018.87 1069.81 1123.30 1179.47 1238.44

b) Operation & Maintenace Expenses 83.16 87.31 91.68 96.26 101.08 106.13 111.44 117.01 122.86 129.00

c) Program Expenses 498.94 523.89 550.08 577.59 606.47 636.79 668.63 702.06 737.17 774.02

d) Administration Expeses 16.22 17.03 17.89 18.78 19.72 20.70 21.74 22.83 23.97 25.17

e) Miscellaneous Expenses 35.34 37.11 38.96 40.91 42.96 45.11 47.36 49.73 52.22 54.83

f) O&M of Remunerative Projects 3380.34 3549.36 3726.82 3913.17 4108.82 4314.27 4529.98 4756.48 4994.30 5244.02

g) O&M of Other Projects 986.59 1034.82 1085.42 1138.52 1194.24 1252.71 1314.06 1378.44 1446.00 1516.89

Total Expenditure 5798.90 6087.74 6391.00 6709.38 7043.64 7394.58 7763.02 8149.85 8555.97 8982.36

III Surplus / (Deficit) before Interest 1863.10 1905.61 1855.73 1799.07 1818.41 1824.80 1861.37 1779.78 1688.97 1682.83

and Depreciation

Finance Charges 423.38 352.52 287.76 239.50 211.29 192.54 173.80 155.06 136.32 126.94


Depreciation 1439.72 1553.10 1567.97 1559.56 1607.12 1632.26 1687.57 1624.72 1552.65 1555.88

Depreciation 2034.58 1973.54 1914.33 1856.90 1801.20 1747.16 1694.75 1643.90 1594.59 1546.75

V Net Surplus / (Deficit) (594.86) (420.44) (346.36) (297.34) (194.08) (114.90) (7.17) (19.18) (41.94) 9.13





14.11 KEY INDICATORS OF SCENARIO II WITH ASSUMPTION II

The key Indictors of the Municipality for Scenario II based on the financial projections works out as below:

Key Indicators Average for the next 30 years Norm

Total Earnings / Total Revenue -11% 10%

Total Earnings before Dep / Total Revenue 15% 20%

Operating Ratio 85% 80%

Debt Service / Total Revenue 18% 30%

Debt Service Coverage Ratio 5.7 2

14.12 INFERENCE

It can thus be concluded that the Municipality would be in a position to undertake the projects mentioned in FOP only if the financial reforms are carried out.

The borrowing capacity of Motihari Municipality works out to Rs. 12200 lacs.

The investment capacity of Motihari Municipality works out to Rs. 61100 lacs.

As against the total investment requirement of Rs. 60500 lacs, the investment capacity works out to Rs. 61100 lacs. Thus, the sustainable investment capacity works out to 101%.

Considering the investment capacity at Rs. 61100 lacs all the projects except for health and education sector mentioned in the FOP, can be undertaken by the Municipality.

As already discussed, projects under Education and Health are to be undertaken mainly by way of Grants; the Municipality can go ahead and undertake these projects also.

Motihari Municipality can prioritize the projects to be undertaken by the Municipality. Thus all projects indicated as ‘A’ in the priority list can be taken up immediately and the projects indicated as ‘B’ in the priority list can be spread out over the next 10 years.

But the Municipality should also look at the possibility of increasing revenue from other sources like sale of services, rental income from properties etc. This would improve the viability of the Municipality and there by undertake more projects.





ANNEXURE

Annexure 1: Stakeholder Consultation Format

City Development Plan Motihari Municipal Council

Name: Address:

Date: Place of Interview:

Your Views about the Development of your city

Infrastructure related problems in city in your views:

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

In your views Solution for the Problems:

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

General problems in city:

Sectoral Priority for Development of City Main Priority for Development of Sector

1) 1)

2) 2)

3) 3)

4) 4)

5) 5)

6) 6)

7) 7)

8) 8)

Your View About City Development Plan:

Your Views are important to us in preparation of City Development Plan. We request you to Include more pages for your additional detailed Views

Signature and Name

Thanks for Providing Your Views on City Development to Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd





Annexure 2: Ward wise Population of MMC 2001

Ward Nos Male Population Female Population Total Population

Ward No. 1 1,696 1,448 3,144

Ward No. 2 3,610 3,203 6,813

Ward No. 3 4,889 4,335 9,224

Ward No. 4 1,286 1,170 2,456

Ward No. 5 675 580 1,255

Ward No. 6 1,764 1,536 3,300

Ward No. 7 817 730 1,547

Ward No. 8 623 606 1,229

Ward No. 9 2,465 2,198 4,663

Ward No. 10 4,554 3,932 8,486

Ward No. 11 4,954 4,165 9,119

Ward No. 12 1,637 1,446 3,083

Ward No. 13 2,202 1,913 4,115

Ward No. 14 3,855 3,069 6,924

Ward No. 15 6,182 5,065 11,247

Ward No. 16 2,030 1,674 3,704

Ward No. 17 1,574 1,296 2,870

Ward No. 18 1,324 1,085 2,409

Ward No. 19 5,063 4,285 9,348

Ward No. 20 3,061 2,686 5,747

TOTAL 54,261 46,422 100,683





Annexure 3: Ward wise Literate Population & Literacy Rate in MMC

Ward Nos Male Literates Female Literates Total Literate Population Literacy Rate

Ward No. 1 870 560 1,430 45%

Ward No. 2 2,537 1,860 4,397 65%

Ward No. 3 2,973 2,013 4,986 54%

Ward No. 4 946 802 1,748 71%

Ward No. 5 567 444 1,011 81%

Ward No. 6 1,056 717 1,773 54%

Ward No. 7 538 397 935 60%

Ward No. 8 528 467 995 81%

Ward No. 9 1,718 1,397 3,115 67%

Ward No. 10 3,420 2,548 5,968 70%

Ward No. 11 3,194 2,018 5,212 57%

Ward No. 12 1,126 802 1,928 63%

Ward No. 13 1,737 1,398 3,135 76%

Ward No. 14 2,648 1,515 4,163 60%

Ward No. 15 4,974 3,563 8,537 76%

Ward No. 16 1,500 1,034 2,534 68%

Ward No. 17 1,203 836 2,039 71%

Ward No. 18 1,110 833 1,943 81%

Ward No. 19 4,160 3,171 7,331 78%

Ward No. 20 2,299 1,757 4,056 71%

TOTAL 39,104 28,132 67,236 67%





Annexure 4: Ward wise Comparative Sex Ratio

Ward Nos Sex Ratio Sex Ratio (0-6) Sex Ratio (SC) Sex Ratio (ST)

Ward No. 1 854 902 803

Ward No. 2 887 944 912

Ward No. 3 887 956 1038

Ward No. 4 910 816 1000

Ward No. 5 859 796 1200

Ward No. 6 871 977 788 1000

Ward No. 7 894 1168 1105

Ward No. 8 973 962 667

Ward No. 9 892 869 1364

Ward No. 10 863 861 889

Ward No. 11 841 956 839

Ward No. 12 883 971 1141

Ward No. 13 869 874 818

Ward No. 14 796 847 810 3000

Ward No. 15 819 871 906 600

Ward No. 16 825 890 1020 750

Ward No. 17 823 783 929 1429

Ward No. 18 819 782 660

Ward No. 19 846 936 850 1000

Ward No. 20 877 1028 843

AVERAGE 856 912 893 1269






Annexure 5: Slum Population

Ward No. No. of HH % of Slum HH

1 75 1.99%

2 100 2.66%

3 70 1.86%

4 155 4.12%

5 0 0.00%

6 40 1.06%

7 190 5.05%

8 20 0.53%

9 0 0.00%

10 120 3.19%

11 0 0.00%

12 140 3.72%

13 60 1.60%

14 80 2.13%

15 20 0.53%

16 40 1.06%

17 255 6.78%

18 255 6.78%

19 275 7.31%

20 80 2.13%

21 100 2.66%

22 220 5.85%

23 0 0.00%

24 40 1.06%

25 0 0.00%

26 80 2.13%

27 70 1.86%

28 50 1.33%

29 150 3.99%

30 0 0.00%

31 40 1.06%

32 110 2.93%

33 50 1.33%

34 70 1.86%

35 270 7.18%

36 0 0.00%

37 200 5.32%

38 335 8.91%

MMC 3760 100.00%





Annexure 6: List of Stakeholders

S. NO DEPARTMENT OR DESIGNATION NAME OF PERSON

1 Member of Parliament Sh. Radha Mohan Singh

2 DM (Motihari) Sh. Abhijeet Sinha

3 M.L.A. Sh. Pramod Kumar

4 Municipal Council Chairman Sh. Prakash Ashtana

5 Municipal Council Deputy Chairman Sh. Mohibbul Haque

6 Executive Officer , MMC Sh. Rajendra Mandal

7 City Manager Municipal Council Smt. Abhaya Priya

8 Executive Engineer (PHED) Sh. B. Mishra

9 Secretary General Motihari Chamber of Commerce Sh. Sanjeev Ranjan Kumar

10 ADITHI Plan (NGO) Mr. Sanjeev Kumar, CPME Coordinator

11 NIRDESH (NGO) Dr. Satyendra Kumar Singh (Secretary)

12 Jeevika(NGO) Sh.Manoj Kumar Vatsa

13

WARD COUNCILORS

Sh. Mahavir Paswan

14 Smt. Nutan Devi

15 Smt. Archana Devi

16 Sh. Reyaz Mushtafa

17 Smt. Poonam Devi

18 Smt. Akhatari Khatoon

19 Smt. Smt. Kunti Devi

20 Smt. Raj Kumari Devi

21 Smt. Raj Kumari Gupta

22 Sh. Zahir Quarraisi

23 Sh. Ranjeet Kumar

24 Smt. Savitri Devi

25 Sh. Ajay Kumar Singh

26 Smt. Nasima Khatoon

27 Sh. Madan Mohan Mishra

28 Sh. Manibhushan Srivastava

29 Sh. Jaimanti Devi

30 Smt. Kumkum Kumari

31 Sh. Abhinav Kishor Shinha

32 Sh. Raghvendra Narayan Singh

33 Smt. Kumad Kumari Srivastava

34 Smt. Shail Devi

35 Sh. Sanjeev Singh

36 Sh. Ram Ayodhya Bhagat





S. NO DEPARTMENT OR DESIGNATION NAME OF PERSON

37 Smt. Asha Srivashtava

38 Smt. Nirmala Verma

39 Sh. Ashutosh Kr Shukla

40 Smt. Nirmala Devi

41 Smt. Pupu Sinha

42 Smt. Pushpa Sharma

43 Sh. Vibhuti Narayan Singh

44 Sh. Brajkishor Srivashtava

45 Sh. Sikandra Prashad Chaurasiya

46 Sh. Ravibhushan

47 Smt. Rajkumari Devi

48 Sh. Vijay Kr Gupta

49 Advocate Bar Association Sh. Anirudh Prasad Singh

50 President Hotel Association Sh. Anupam Kr. Jaishwal

51 Lions Club President Sh. Jitendra Kumar

52 Secretary Rotary Club Sh. Dharmvardhan Prashad

53 President Rotary Club Sh. Vinod Kumar

54 Merchant, Member Rotary Club Sh. Rohit Saha

55 Director IDCS Pvt. Ltd. (Architecture & Planning) Mr.Alok Kumar

56 Transport Association Mr. Kumudh Sain

57 Red Cross Society Mr. Shree Parkash Chaudhary

TABLE OF CONTENTS - Bihar CDP Motihari.pdf · 2.6.3 Industrial Scenario ... 2.6.5 Highlights of...

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