THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA

Resettlement Action Plan for Kano River Irrigation Scheme in Kano State, Nigeria

Draft Final Report

Project Management UnitTransforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria (TRIMING) Project

Plot 1402, Abba Kyari Street, Off Adesoji Aderemi Street, Apo - Abuja

SFG3496 V2

Key Data Information

Background The Transforming Irrigation Management Project (TRIMING) was designed to establish a system of co-responsibility between the Federal Government of Nigeria and the water users where the 5 selected public irrigation systems would become financially autonomous. Kano River Irrigation Scheme (KRIS) is one of the five selected schemes. At KRIS, TRIMING will focus on the rehabilitation of existing irrigation scheme infrastructures as well as the registration and strengthening of Water Users Associations (WUAs) to become fully operational. The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to improve access to irrigation and drainage services and to strengthen institutional arrangements for integrated water resources management, and agricultural service delivery in selected large-scale public schemes in Northern Nigeria.

Project Impact During the rehabilitation, no houses, schools, mosques or markets will be affected by this rehabilitation works as these have all been excluded from the rehabilitation design. Also, No PAP will lose his/her land. They will however be deprived access to Irrigation water for at most one farming season being the dry season. This is anticipated to adversely affect their income and livelihood. However, mitigation measures have been identified to compensate for this temporary loss.If there are crops in their fields that are not yet mature for harvest as of the time of civil works commencement that will be affected, these families will be compensated for the unharvested crops. The rehabilitation work of the scheme is estimated to last 3-4 years, to be executed in phases; sector by sector. During this period, some farmers will suffer temporary losses (inability to irrigate) as a result of the rehabilitation work. These losses, which vary from sector to sector will be compensated for.

Categories of Impact and compensation

In the sectors where rehabilitation works will take place (14,314 ha), farmers irrigate during the rainy (June to October) and dry season (November to May). Their rainy season cultivation will not get affected in this area because it will focus on drainage, and Canals. However, they might not be able to cultivate at certain periods of the dry season due to interruption of water in the supply canal or in other places. For this reason, they will be compensated. Given the rehabilitation work will be carried out in phases, each sector will lose an average of one planting season particularly in the dry season.

No farmer will lose his/her land however, the total number of farmer’s plots that will be affected are 42,450 as the number of PAPs of farmers that will be disturbed due to inability to irrigate during rehabilitation works in the course of three to four years during the dry season. These will be compensated for temporary loss of access to their land. Each farmer that loses one season will be compensated the sum of N 13,000- per 0.40ha per season, unit by unit according to the farmers hydrological boundary. These sums have been calculated on a full replacement cost based on the prevailing inflation rate in the scheme. This means that the amount paid to farmers will be sufficient for their livelihood for the first season. However, every 6 month this sum will be reviewed to reflect inflation rate for subsequent

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years to determine the amount due to each farmer; and where there is need to review farmers’ entitlement upward due to inflation, this will be done accordingly before compensation is paid. 

RAP implementation arrangements

A Resettlement Implementation Committee (RIC) will be created with the participation of the main stakeholders (HJRBDA, WUA, local leaders, TRIMING). The committee will receive the works plan for the upcoming 6 months from the contractor and validated by the supervising engineer. The committee will meet twice per year: (i)             in February to evaluate the works to be done during the rainy season from June to October and (ii)             in July to evaluate works to be done during the dry season from November to May (main impacts on the rehabilitation area). 

A list of Project Affected Persons (PAPs) will be developed by the RIC from the RAP report after its meeting and will be disseminated at the HJRBDA, with copies posted at the scheme project office and relevant villages. This list will further be disclosed at the WUA level as well as by radio and other means by the TRIMING communication unit to ensure transparency of the project so that all farmers will know 3 months in advance if the works of the upcoming year will impact their farms or not.

In addition, the RIC will also meet every 6 months to review and re-evaluate the compensation cost in line with the inflation rate in the scheme for subsequent years.

Once the list is disclosed, a simple “PAP form”(Annex 7.0) for each farmer will be prepared so that  she/he can complete it  and have it signed by the (i) Project Manager (KRIS), (ii) the WUA representatives and (iii) the relevant traditional leader. This form will be distributed from the KRIS project office to the representative of relevant sector WUA representative to be distributed to the PAPs within the sectors earmarked for rehabilitation. The TRIMING Scheme Social Safeguards Officer, with support from the HJRBDA, will assist PAPs that cannot read or write, and will also ensure that the forms are properly prepared and signed. The completed form with each PAP’s passport photo affixed will be presented for final verification at the point of compensation payment.

Accordingly, people who are considered vulnerable, as identified in this RAP, will be given any additional assistance that is deemed necessary in line with the World Bank guidelines. Findings from site investigation revealed that each family has an average of 0.40ha, and the compensation payment will be on an average of N13,000 (approximately 42US$) per season.

Payment procedure and Schedule

Payment of compensation will be implemented upon presentation of the completed PAPs form, duly signed by the PAP, her/his sector WUA leader, relevant traditional ruler, KRIS project manager (or representative) and the TRIMING project auditor. Each PAPs would be handed his or her compensation upon clearance by the TRIMING accountant and auditor.

As this entails a large number of relatively payments of small amounts of money every six months, disbursement of compensation to farmers will be through a

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recognized local commercial bank, disbursed to farmers according to their unit and hydrological boundary in the scheme. The exact location of disbursement of compensation shall be determined by the RIC during their meeting which would be communicated to each farmer through their unit WUA representative.

Regarding deceased PAPs, the entitlement shall be paid to the applicable court of law for disbursement to the family of the deceased in line with Islamic injunction as being practised in the communities that comprise the KRIS. Likewise entitlement due to orphans will be disbursed to the recognized guardian or the household head responsible for custody of the orphan.

Given many PAPs do not have bank accounts a series of financial literacy workshops will be delivered to PAPs in order to ensure that people are able to maximise their compensation wisely. 

In compliance with World Bank safeguards, farmers must be compensated before works start. Therefore, for the works during the dry season (November – May), farmers should get compensation in August-September.

After disbursement of compensation to PAPs, each PAPs form, and photograph of beneficiary will be kept by the TRIMING office, the KRIS project office and the commercial bank representative. 

The estimated compensation cost for all the sectors where the rehabilitation and completion works will be carried out is ₦481,199,176.70 (USD1,527,616.43)@ N315 per USD$1).

During consultation with the design consultant and the KRIS project team, it was suggested that work commence on smaller sectors before the bigger sectors to guard against losing two seasons in sectors that had been envisaged to lose only one season.

Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)

A GRM process was developed out of extensive consultation with all potential project affected persons, during which affected persons were made aware of the provisions under the RAP for addressing any complaint, grievance or dispute arising from the RAP implementation in a transparent, credible and culturally acceptable manner. The first point of call for resolving grievance is at the unit level Water User Association (contact person). If redress at this level fails, the sector level Water User Association will intervene to resolve it. If resolution is achieved at this level, the grievance case will be closed. If not, it shall be referred to the scheme level social and environmental officer who then decides where the case should go for resolution. An aggrieved PAP files his/her complaint at the respective level (unit WUA and Sector WUA) verbally, in writing, by telephone call or SMS to the publicized relevant applicable phone number at each level. Written complaint will be signed and dated in a complaint log book. TRIMING scheme level Social Safeguard officer, supported by the WUA representative and KRIS project team will ensure the correctness of the complaint / grievance and ensure resolution is reached.

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TABLE OF CONTENT

TABLE OF CONTENT.............................................................................................................v

LIST OF TABLES...................................................................................................................xii

LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................................xiii

DEFINITIONS OF KEY TERMS........................................................................................xviii

BAYANI A TAKAICE..........................................................................................................xxii

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.......................................................................................................ii

CHAPTER ONE........................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................1

1.0 Background..................................................................................................................1

1.1 Need for Resettlement Action Plan.............................................................................2

1.2 Aim and Objectives of the RAP..................................................................................3

1.3 Scope and Task of the RAP.........................................................................................3

1.4 Guiding Principles for the RAP...................................................................................4

1.5 Approach/Methodology of RAP Preparation..............................................................4

1.6 Avoidance / Minimization of Resettlement.................................................................6

1.7 Design / Rehabilitation Criteria...................................................................................6

1.8 RAP Reporting Format................................................................................................8

CHAPTER TWO.......................................................................................................................9

DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT..................................................................................................9

2.0 Project Area.................................................................................................................9

2.2 Proposed Rehabilitation Works for the Main Canal and Associated Structures......12

2.3 Potential Project Impacts..........................................................................................14

2.4 Settlement and Governance Structure......................................................................20

2.5 Social Amenities in the KRIS Area.........................................................................22

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2.6 Land Tenure and Ownership in KRIS.....................................................................23

2.7 Farm Governance.....................................................................................................23

CHAPTER THREE..................................................................................................................27

CENSUS AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY....................................................................27

3.0 Introduction..............................................................................................................27

3.1 Objectives of the Survey and Census of PAPs.........................................................27

3.2 Census Cut-Off Date................................................................................................27

3.3 Data Analyses and Interpretation.............................................................................28

3.3.1 Analysis of Persons (Respondents) Interviewed..................................................28

3.3.1.2 Gender of Affected Households........................................................................35

3.3.1.4 Marital status of respondents............................................................................37

3.3.1.5 Religion of respondents.....................................................................................37

3.3.1.7 Average income of respondents........................................................................38

3.3.1.8 Type of persons affected...................................................................................39

3.3.1.9 Identity of Affected Asset................................................................................41

3.3.1.10 Owner of Asset Affected.......................................................................................41

3.3.1.11 Conflict in the Communities................................................................................41

3.3.1.12 Sale of Farm Produce...........................................................................................41

3.3.1.13 Education..............................................................................................................42

3.3.1.14 Farm Holding........................................................................................................42

3.3.1.15 Land Acquisition at the Scheme...........................................................................43

3.3.1.16 Impact of the Scheme on Farmers Activities.......................................................43

3.3.1.17 Access to Finance/Credit by Farmers...................................................................43

3.3.1.18 Enablement of Farmers by the Scheme................................................................43

3.3.1.19 Income from irrigation agriculture vs. other sources...........................................43

CHAPTER FOUR....................................................................................................................44

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IMPACT OF THE PROJECT..................................................................................................44

4.0 Introduction...............................................................................................................44

4.1 Components or activities that require resettlement or restriction of access..............44

4.2 Number and Type of Affected Persons.....................................................................44

4.3 Delineation of Impact Zone.......................................................................................50

4.4 Benefit of the Project.................................................................................................51

4.5 Negative Impact of the Project..................................................................................52

4.6 Potentially Affected Assets.......................................................................................52

4.7 Categories of Losses/Impact......................................................................................52

4.8 Inventory of Impacted Assets....................................................................................52

4.8.1 Impact on Land......................................................................................................52

4.8.2 Impact on Structures..............................................................................................52

4.8.3 Impact on Agricultural Resources (Crops)............................................................53

4.8.4 Impact on Utilities.................................................................................................53

4.8.5 Impact on Social Networks....................................................................................53

4.8.6 Impact on Cultural Heritage and Worship Place...................................................54

4.8.7 Impact on Vulnerable Groups................................................................................54

4.8.8 Response on willingness to be part of the Project.................................................54

4.9 Potential Relocation Areas........................................................................................54

4.10 Project Affected Persons...........................................................................................54

CHAPTER FIVE......................................................................................................................55

EXISTING LEGAL FRAMEWORK......................................................................................55

5.0 Introduction...............................................................................................................55

5.1 Land Tenure Arrangements in the Project Areas......................................................55

5.2 Agricultural Land Policy...........................................................................................55

5.3 Nigeria Land Use Act and World Bank OP4.12 – A Comparison............................56

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5.4 Entitlement Matrix for Various Categories of PAPs.................................................58

5.5 Eligibility Criteria......................................................................................................59

5.6 Unit of Entitlement....................................................................................................60

5.7 Eligible Parties...........................................................................................................60

5.7.1 Rights to Land.......................................................................................................60

5.7.2 Claims to Land......................................................................................................61

5.7.3 Eligible Communities............................................................................................61

5.8 Non-Eligible APs.......................................................................................................61

5.8.1 No Rights or Claims to Land................................................................................61

5.8.2 In-Eligible Legacy Issues.......................................................................................61

5.9 Adult Offspring and Entitlements.............................................................................62

5.10 Women and Children Entitlement.............................................................................62

CHAPTER SIX........................................................................................................................63

VALUATION AND COMPENSATION AND OTHER RESETTLEMENT ASSISTANCE

..................................................................................................................................................63

6.0 Introduction...............................................................................................................63

6.1 Valuation Methodology.............................................................................................63

6.1.1 Replacement Cost and Damage & Loss Assessment Methodology......................63

6.2 Valuation – Cost of agricultural/Crop production.....................................................64

6.3 Compensation Rate- Guidelines for Temporary Acquisition of Assets....................66

6.4 Resettlement Measures – Options.............................................................................67

6.5. Specific consideration on Resettlement Measures in the Rehabilitation Works Area67

6.6 Modes of Restitution................................................................................................68

6.7 Compensation Payment and Procedures for Delivery of Compensation..................68

6.8 Income Restoration Strategy –Alternatives...............................................................69

6.8.1 Livelihood Restoration..........................................................................................70

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6.8.1.1 Livelihood Enhancement and Community Empowerment Program......................70

6.8.2 Agricultural Improvement Program.......................................................................71

6.9 Vulnerable Programme..............................................................................................71

6.10 Gender-Specific Actions...........................................................................................71

6.11 Protection of Cultural Heritage and Worship Place..................................................72

6.12 Provision of Amenities for the Community..............................................................72

6.13 Environmental Protection and Occupational Health Management...........................72

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND CONSULTATIONS.........................................................73

7.0 Introduction...............................................................................................................73

7.1 The Need for Stakeholders Involvement...................................................................73

7.2 Core Values for Public Participation.........................................................................74

7.3 Basic Principles for the Public Consultation.............................................................74

7.4 Public Consultation and Management process..........................................................75

7.5 The Stakeholders.......................................................................................................76

7.6 Gender Considerations in Consultation.....................................................................77

7.7 Stakeholder Engagement...........................................................................................78

7.8 Providing Stakeholders Opportunity to Participate...................................................81

7.9 Engagement Strategies..............................................................................................82

7.9.1 Entry into the community......................................................................................82

7.9.2 Private Visits and Telephone calls.........................................................................83

7.9.3 Person-to-person or small-group/focus group consultation...................................83

7.9.4 Letters of invitation................................................................................................83

7.9.5 Advertising and media announcements.................................................................83

7.9.6 Public Events.........................................................................................................83

7.9.7 Obtaining issues for Evaluation and Suggestions for Alternatives........................84

7.9.8 Verification that Issues have been Captured and Considered................................84

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7.10 Discussion with Stakeholders and Summary of Outcome Conclusion.....................84

7.11 RAP Implementation - Communication Strategy......................................................87

7.11.1 Information Dissemination....................................................................................87

7.11.2 Communication Strategy.......................................................................................88

7.12 Documentation of Stakeholder Involvement and other Evidential Indication...........88

RAP IMPLEMENTATION – INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT...................................90

8.0 Introduction...............................................................................................................90

8.1 Organizational Arrangement.....................................................................................90

8.2 Resettlement Implementation Committee (RIC).......................................................90

8.2.1 Roles and Responsibilities of the RIC...................................................................91

8.3 Composition of the Resettlement Implementation Committee (RIC).......................91

8.4 Existing Capability and Proposed capacity building for RIC...................................93

8.5 Budget and cost.........................................................................................................95

8.5.1 Budget and Cost Estimate......................................................................................95

8.5.2 Financial Responsibility and Authority.......................................................................96

8.6 Implementation Schedule..........................................................................................96

8.6.1 Compensation Payment Arrangement and Schedule..................................................97

8.6.2 Coordination with Civil Works –Principles of RAP Implementation.................102

8.6.3 Green Light Conditions.......................................................................................103

8.7 Prolonged Implementation Delays..........................................................................103

CHAPTER NINE...................................................................................................................104

GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM.............................................................................104

9.0 Introduction.............................................................................................................104

9.1 The Need for Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)............................................104

9.2 Grievance Redress Process......................................................................................104

9.3 Management of Reported Grievances........................................................................106

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9.4 Grievance Log and Response Time............................................................................106

9.5 Monitoring Complaints...........................................................................................107

CHAPTER TEN.....................................................................................................................108

MONITORING AND EVALUATION.................................................................................108

10.0 Introduction.............................................................................................................108

10.1 Purpose of Monitoring.............................................................................................108

10.2 Monitoring Framework (Internal and External)......................................................109

10.2.1 Internal monitoring..............................................................................................109

10.2.2 External Monitoring/Evaluation..........................................................................110

10.3 Annual External Audit................................................................................................111

10.4 Indicators to Monitor...............................................................................................113

10.5 Reporting..................................................................................................................114

10.6 Completion Audit.....................................................................................................115

REFERENCES.......................................................................................................................116

LIST OF ANNEXES..............................................................................................................117

Annex 1.0: Attendance Log of Participants in KRIP RAP Stake Holders Meeting (4th September 2016).................................................................................................................117

Annex 2.0: Summary of Women in Farming Concern and Needs.....................................117

Annex 3.0: Letter of Invitation to Water Users Association (WUA) and District Heads. .117

Annex 4.0: Community Representatives of Farmers.........................................................117

Annex 5.0: PAPs Register..................................................................................................117

Annex6.0: KRIS Sector MAPs showing land holdings and identification number..........117

Annex 7.0: KRIS Resettlement Action Plan – PAPs Information Form............................117

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LIST OF TABLESTable1. 1: Phases for Preparing the RAP...................................................................................4Table2. 1: List of Sectors Proposed for Rehabilitation/Completion under TRIMING Project15Table2. 2: Villages around the West Sectors...........................................................................21Table2. 3: Villages around the East Sectors.............................................................................21Table3. 1: Summary table of socio economic characteristics of the respondents from the KRIS East and West Sectors....................................................................................................30Table3. 2: Average seasonal income of respondents...............................................................38Table3. 3: Market around the Kano River Irrigation Scheme..................................................42Table4. 1: Statistical Summary of PAPS................................................................................44Table4. 2: Summary of Government Land.............................................................................46Table4. 3: Status of PAPs........................................................................................................46Table4. 4: Suggested KRIS Rehabilitation Work Plan...........................................................48Table4. 5: Type of Affected Person........................................................................................48Table4. 6: Agricultural Resource Impacted.............................................................................53Table5. 1: Land Use Act and World Bank OP 4.12 - A Comparison...........................................Table5. 2: The Entitlement Matrix for Various Categories of PAPs.............................................Table6. 1: Market Survey of an Ha for a Planting Season in Naira (₦)..................................64Table6. 2: Average Crop Yield and Prices...............................................................................65Table6. 3: Cost Rate for the Affected Structures.....................................................................66Table6. 4: Compensation Rate Guidelines for Temporary Acquisition of Assets...................67Table7. 1: Summary of categories of stakeholders consulted within the KRIS.......................77Table7. 2: Queries/Observation and the response given to the Stakeholders..........................85Table7. 3: Stakeholder Engagement and Communication Process..........................................88Table8. 1: Suggested Names of Resettlement for Implementation Committee Members.......91Table8. 2: RIC members Roles and Responsibilities...............................................................92Table8. 3: Awareness and Capacity Building Needs for RIC and other Relevant Stakeholders..................................................................................................................................................94Table8. 4: Budget Estimate for the RAP Implementation.......................................................95Table8. 5: Suggested KRIS rehabilitation work plan...............................................................99Table8. 6: Major Component Tasks and Schedule for the RAP............................................101Table9. 1: Grievance Procedures Steps..................................................................................105Table9. 2: A Typical Reporting Format for Grievance Redress............................................107

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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 2. 1: KRIS Project Map in Kano State Context.............................................................9Figure 2. 2: Kano River Irrigation Scheme Project Area........................................................10Figure 2. 3: Ruwan Kanya Reservoir......................................................................................11Figure 2. 4: Map Showing the Study Area..............................................................................14Figure 2. 5: Irrigated Rice Farms with Rice and Upland Maize Farms..................................17Figure 2. 6: Sand Mining Activities........................................................................................18Figure 2. 8: Livestock Farming...............................................................................................18Figure 2. 9: Women in harvesting of Rice..............................................................................19Figure 2.10: Women Participation in Consultation at Bunkure and Kura...............................19Figure2. 11: Migratory Fulani Settlement................................................................................20Figure3. 1: ODK Platform........................................................................................................29Figure3. 2: Age distribution of households..............................................................................35Figure3. 3: Chart showing gender distribution of household of respondents..........................36Figure3. 4: Chart showing main occupational distribution of respondents.............................36Figure3. 5: Chart showing distribution of secondary occupation of respondents....................37Figure3. 6: Marital status of Respondents................................................................................37Figure3. 7: Religious distribution of respondents....................................................................38Figure3. 8: Average Seasonal Income from Various Occupations..........................................39Figure3. 9: Distribution of terminal illness among households of PAPs.................................40Figure3. 10: Distribution of physical challenges among households of PAPs........................40Figure3. 11: Distribution of common diseases suffered among households of PAPs............41Figure3. 12: Highest educational levels of household members of PAPs...............................42Figure4. 1: Ticket showing farm unique identification number..............................................52Figure6. 1: Process for payment of compensation...................................................................69Figure7. 1: Actions Adopted For Managing Public Consultation............................................75Figure7. 2: Women Participation in Consultation at Bunkure and Kura.................................78Figure7. 3: Stakeholders Consultation with MD representative – Mr. Badamasi, HJRBDA and APM, KRIS.......................................................................................................................79Figure7. 4: Consultation with Kano State Agricultural and Rural Development Authority....79Figure7. 5: Consultation with HJRBDA, Bunkure and Manager, Tambulawa Water Treatment Plant........................................................................................................................80Figure7. 6: Consultation with District Traditional Rulers.......................................................80Figure7. 7: Consultations with East Branch Canal Water Sectors Stakeholders Bunkure......80Figure7. 8: Consultation with West Branch Water Users Association/Farmers at the Kura Project Office...........................................................................................................................81Figure7. 9: Consultation with Farmers and Community Leaders of KRIS at the Kano State Informatics Institute.................................................................................................................81Figure8. 1: Flowchart for Compensation Payment Arrangements & Schedule.......................98Figure8. 2: Flow Chart of RAP Implementation....................................................................102

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LIST OF ACRONYMS

ADP Agricultural Development Program AfDB African Development Bank ARAP Abbreviated Resettlement Action PlanARCN Agricultural Research Council of Nigeria ATA Agricultural Transformation Agenda ATIC Agriculture Transformation Implementation Council AWF African Water Facility BES Budget Execution System BIS Bakolori Irrigation SchemeBIP Bakolori Irrigation Project BOA Bank of AgricultureBP Business Policy BP Bank PolicyCADP Commercial Agriculture Development Project CAN Community Needs Assessment CBN Central Bank of Nigeria CBO Community Based OrganizationCDD Community-Driven Development CLO Community Liaison OfficerCPS Country Partnership Strategy CSO Civil Society Organization DaLA Damage and Loss AssessmentDKIP DadinKowa Irrigation Project DROD Dams & Reservoir Operations Department EA Environmental Assessment EAP Emergency Preparedness Action Plan ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States EFCC Economic and Financial Crimes Commission EIA Environmental Impact AssessmentEMP Environmental Management Plan EPA Environmental Protection AgencyESIA Environmental and Social Impact AssessmentESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FGD Focus Group Discussion FGN Federal Government of Nigeria FMARD Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development FMC Farmers’ Management and Service Delivery CenterFMEnv Federal Ministry of Environment FMWR Federal Ministry of Water Resources FSLC First School Leaving CertificateGCE General Certificate in EducationGDP Gross Domestic Product GIFMIS Government Integrated Financial Management Information System GIS Geographic Information System

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GNP Gross National Product GoN Government of Nigeria GPS Global Positioning System Ha Hectare HA Hydrological Area HIV/AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome H-JKYB Hadejia-Jama’are-Komadougou–Yobe Basin HNW Hadeija-Nguru Wetlands HVIP Hadejia-Jama’are Valley Irrigation Project IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (official name of The

World Bank) ICT Information and Communications Technology IDA International Development Association IFC International Finance Corporation IFPRI International Food Policy Research Institute IMA Irrigation Management Association IMF International Monetary Fund IPF Investment Project Financing ISP Implementation Support Plan ISR Implementation Status Report ITRC Irrigation Training Research CenterIUCN International Union for the Conservation of Nature IWMI International Water Management Institute IWRM Integrated Water Resources Management IWUA Irrigated Water Users AssociationJICA Japan International Cooperation Agency KRIP Kano River Irrigation Project LB Land BureauLDP Letter of Development Policy LGA Local Government AreaLGCs Local Government Councils LGs Local Governments LRC Local Resettlement CommitteeLSMS Living Standard Measurement Study LUA Land Use Act LUAC Land Use Allocation Committee LVO Land Valuation OfficeM &E Monitoring and Evaluation MCM Million Cubic Meter MDAs Ministries, Departments & AgenciesMDG United Nations Millennium Development Goal MGM Matching Grant Mechanism MIGA Multilateral Guarantee AgencyMIS Management Information System MOE State Ministry of EnvironmentMOF Ministry of Finance MOU Memorandum of Understanding MoW Ministry of Works MTEF Medium-Term Expenditure Framework

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NIMET National Meteorological Agency NBA Niger Basin Authority NBS National Bureau of Statistics NCA National Council on Agriculture NCB National Competitive Bidding NCWR National Council on Water Resources NEPAD New Partnership for Africa’s Development NEWMAP Nigeria and Watershed Management Project NIC National Irrigation Commission NIHSA Nigeria Hydrological Services Agency NIMET Nigeria Meteorological Agency NIP National Implementation Plan NIPN National Irrigation Policy for Nigeria NIRSAL Nigerian Incentive-based Risk Sharing for Agricultural Lending NIWRMC Nigeria Water Resources Management Commission NPC National Project Coordinator O&M Operations and Maintenance OD Operational Directives (of the World Bank) OM Operational Manual OP Operational Policy OPs Operational Policies (of the World Bank) ORAF Operational Risk Assessment Framework OSH Occupational Safety and HealthOVC Orphans and Vulnerable Children PAD Project Appraisal Document PAP Project Affected Person PAPs Project Affected PersonsPCA Project Command Area PDO Project Development Objective PER Public Expenditure Review PFM Public Financial Management PHRD Japan Policy and Human Resources Development Trust Fund PID Project Information DocumentPIM Participatory Irrigation Management PIU Project Implementation Unit PLC Public Limited Company PLWD People Living With Disability PLWHA People Living With HIV and AIDS PMU Project Management Unit PoE Panel of Experts PPP Public-Private Partnerships PPUD Physical Planning and Urban DevelopmentPRAMS Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System PREM Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network PSC Project Steering Committee PWD Public Works DepartmentR&D Research and Development RAMP II Nigeria’s Rural Access and Mobility Project RAP Resettlement Action Plan

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RBDA River Basin Development Authority RBMC River Basin Management Commission RIC RAP Implementation CommitteeROSC Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes ROSPIN Review of the Public Irrigation Sector In Nigeria RoW Right of Way RPF Resettlement Policy Framework RRF Resettlement and Rehabilitation Framework RTGS Real Time Gross Processing System SBD Standard Bidding Document SCPZ Staple Crop Processing Zones SDR Special Drawing Rights SESA Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment SFPZ Staple Food Processing Zones SIL Specific Investment Loan SoSP Statement of Sector Policy SPMU State Project Implementation UnitSPRI Small-scale Private Irrigation Schemes SRFP Standard Request for Proposal SRRBA Sokoto-Rima River Basin Authority S-RSB Sokoto-Rima Sub-Basin STD Sexually Transmitted Disease STI Sexually Transmitted Infection TA Technical Assistance TAC Technical Advisory Committee ToR Terms of ReferenceTRIMING Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria WUAF Water User Association FederationUNDP United Nations Development Program UTM Universal Transverse Mercator VCT Voluntary Counselling and Testing WB The World BankWGS World Geodetic System WHO World Health Organization WRB Water Resources Bill WRC Water Regulatory Commission WUA Water Users’ Association

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UNITS OF MEASURE1 ha Hectare2 m Meter3 m2 Squared meter5 km Kilometer6 km2 Squared kilometer7 t Ton8 yr. Year

DEFINITIONS OF KEY TERMS

S/N Term Definition

1 Compensation Payment in cash or kind for an asset or resource that is acquired or affected by a project at the time the asset needs to be replaced.

2 Cropping System

Cropping system Pattern of arrangement of crops in the field - sole cropping or sharecropping or mixed cropping

3 Cut-off-date Date of completion of the census and assets inventory of persons affected by the project. People occupying the area after the cut-off date are not eligible for compensation and/or resettlement assistance. Similarly, fixed assets, fruit trees etc. established after the date of completion of the census will not be compensated.

4 Displaced Persons

Affected persons by a project through land acquisition, relocation, or loss of incomes and includes any person, household, firms, or public or private institutions who as a result of a project would have their; Standard of living adversely affected; Right, title or interest in all or any part of a house, land (including residential, commercial, agricultural, plantations, forest and grazing land) or any other moveable or fixed assets acquired or possessed, in full or in part, permanently or temporarily adversely affected; or Business, occupation, place of work, residence, habitat or access to forest or community resources adversely affected, with or without displacement.

5 Displacement Removal of people from their land, homes, farms, etc. as a result of a project's activities. Displacement occurs during the (1) involuntary taking of lands resulting in (i) relocation or loss of shelter (ii) loss of assets or access to assets (iii) loss of income sources or means of livelihood whether or not the affected persons must move to another location or (2) involuntary restriction of access to legally designated

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Parks and protected areas resulting in adverse impacts on the livelihoods of PAPs.

6 Economic Resettlement

Loss of assets (including land) or access to assets that leads to loss of income sources or means of livelihood as a result of project-related land acquisition or restriction of access to natural resources. People or enterprises may be economically displaced with or without experiencing physical displacement

7 Fadama Hausa term for low-lying irrigable land subject to seasonal flooding along stream banks or depressions

8 Grievance Procedure

The processes established (a) under law, local regulations, or administrative decision to enable property owners and other displaced persons to redress issues related to acquisition, compensation, or other aspects of resettlement, as well as (b) specific grievance processes put in place as part of the design of a project.

9 Household Is the unit which includes all members living under the authority of a household head, they are both family members and other dependants. Under the Land Act, a household would be members of the family whose consent would be required in case of alienation or undertaking any transaction on the family residential land. These members should ordinarily reside on the land. These members typically include the household head, one or several spouses, children and other members of the larger family, tenants, and employee.

10 Involuntary Resettlement

Resettlement is involuntary when it occurs without the informed consent of the displaced persons or if they give their consent without having the power or recourse to refuse resettlement.

11 Land acquisition

The process whereby a person or household is involuntarily alienated from all or part of the land s/he owns or possesses, to the ownership and possession of a project for public purposes, in return for fair compensation.

12 Land-Owner An individual/household/institution recognized as owning land either by customary tenure, freehold tenure, or leasehold including customary occupants of former public land.

13 Land tenure Land ownership arrangements amongst a people - land owned by the community/individual.

14 Physical Resettlement

Loss of dwelling or business as a result of project-related land acquisition, which requires the affected person(s) to move to another location. Physical displacement of businesses typically entails

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economic displacement too

15 Project-Affected Area

Is the area where the Project may cause direct or indirect impacts to the environment and the residents.

16 Project-Affected Person

Any person who, as a result of the implementation of TRIMING, loses the right to own use or otherwise benefit from a built structure, land(residential, agricultural or pasture) annual or perennial crops and trees or any other fixed or moveable asset, either in full or in part, permanently or temporarily.

17 Rehabilitation activity

The proposed development activities by TRIMING which includes the rehabilitation and conversion of the present irrigation system from sprinkler to gravity irrigation system

18 Rehabilitation Assistance

The provision of development assistance in addition to compensation such as land preparation, credit facilities, training, or job opportunities, needed to enable Project Affected Persons and Displaced Persons to improve their living standards, income earning capacity and production levels; or at least maintain them at pre-Project levels

19 Relocation The physical moving of PAPs from their pre-project place or residence, place for work or business premises.

20 Replacement Cost

The rate of compensation for lost assets must be calculated at full replacement cost. This means the current market value of the assets plus transaction costs. Regarding agricultural land this would mean that compensation for agricultural land is equal to the market value of land of equal productive use or potential of the affected land, plus the cost of preparation to levels similar or better than those of the affected land plus the costs of any registration and transfer taxes.

21 Resettlement Action Plan

The time-bound action plan with budget setting out resettlement strategy, objectives, entitlements, actions, responsibilities, monitoring and evaluation.

22 Resettlement Impacts

The direct physical and socio-economic impacts of resettlement activities in the project and host areas.

Refers not just to the physical displacement of people, but also covers taking land that results in the relocation or loss of shelter, loss of assets or access to assets, and/or Loss of sources of income or means of livelihood (OP 4.12, paragraph 3)...

23 Resettlement Policy Framework

A resettlement policy framework is required for projects with subprojects or multiple components that cannot be identified before project approval. This instrument may also be appropriate where there

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are valid reasons for delaying the implementation of the resettlement, provided that the implementing party provides an appropriate and concrete commitment for its future Implementation. The policy framework should be consistent with the principles and objectives of OP 4.12 of the World Bank.

24 Census This is 100% enumeration and registration of all people and assets that are affected by land acquisition and resettlement. The census provides vital information for accurate compensation and the RAP.

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BAYANI A TAKAICE

Gabatarwa

Gabatarwa: Tarayyar Najeriya ta na shinfida wani shirin inganta noman rani da a ke kira TRIMING a taakaice wanda babban bankin duniya ya aminta da shi ranar 19 ga watan Yuni na 2014. Makasudin wannan shirin shi ne inganta ayyukan noman rani da bayar da dama domin samun hidimomi na musamman kamar samar da isasshen ruwa da karfafa hulda tsakanin hukumomi daban-daban domin kulawa da harkokin noma a manya-manyan madatsun ruwa da a ka zaba a Arewacin Najeriya.

Shirin noman rani na Kogin Kano na daya daga cikin wadannan manyan madatsun ruwa da a ka zaba domin ingantawa. A na sa ran za’a inganta kadada misalign 14,314 domin ayyukan noman rani daban-daban lokacin ruwan sama da kuma lokacin ayyukan noman rani. Wadannan yawan kadada na cikin bayanan bincike-bincike da a ka gabatar inda a ka yi binciken kwakwaf a kan ruwa. An yi yarjejeniya da ma su ruwa da tsaki a kan daidaito da adalci a kan anfani da kuma raba ruwa da sauran was hidimomin da su ka shafi ayyukan noman rani.

Shirin inganta noman rani na TRIMING na a mataki na rukunin ‘A’. Wannan shirin ya zakulo wasu tsare-tsare guda bakwai na kiyayewa na babban bankin duniya kamar haka: bincike a kan muhalli, (OP 4.01), inganta lafiyar madatsun ruwa (OP 4.37), halittu daban-daban (OP 4.04), sauya muhalli (OP 4.12) – bayani ya gabata a sama, albarkatun da ke a fili na al’adu (OP 4.11), Kulawa da magunguna (OP 4.09), da kuma shirye-shirye a kan tsarin hanyoyin ruwa da ya dace da tsarin duniya (OP 7.50).

Domin samun cikakkiyar kulawa ga muhalli da zamantakewar al’umma da suaye-sauyen muhallai, akwai bukatar ababen kulawa da kiyayewa kamar haka: tsarin sauya muhallai (RPF), tsarin kulawa da kiyaye muhallai da zamantakewa (ESMF) and kuma tsarin magunguna (PMP) duk an shirya su a ciki da wajen kasa a kan tsarin babban bankin duniya. Wadannan tsare-tsaren an yi su ne domin fayyacewar tsarin kulawa na musamman a wuraren ayyuka. Manyan ababen da a ke bukata da kuma su ka dace da wannan tsari su ne tsarin sauya muhallai (RAP) a kan tsarin RPF da kuma bincike-bincike a kan muhallai da zamantakewa, tsarin kulawa da muhallai da zamantakewa (ESMP) a kan tsarin ESMF, wanda ya dogara a kan mizanin tasirin da zai iya faruwa a bangarori daban-daban na shirin inganta noman rani da kuma tsarin kulawa da magunguna (PMP).

Saboda ayyuakan da za’a gabatar a KRIS, an yi has ashen cewa gyare-gyaren da za’a yi da su ka hada da hanyoyi da sauran kayan ayyukan noman rani, da inganta wuraren da ba’a noman rani a karkashin shirin, akwai manoman da abin zai shafa kuma wasu daga cikin su za’a dagatar da su ko hana su ayyukan su kamar yadda su ka saba. Amma wannan ba ya na nufin za’a karbe gonakin manoma ba. Wannan dakatarwa ta dan lokaci a na tunanin za ta shafi harkokin neman abincin manoma a kalla na zangon aikin noma daya. A lokacin ayyukan da za’a yi, za’a biya manoma diyyar gonaki da kayan noman su.

Bukatar tsarin sauya muhallan noma

A karkashin sabon shirin inganta noman rani na TRIMING, mutane ba za su jure damuwa ba sanadiyyar ayyukan. Wadanda aikin ya shafa (PAPs) dole ne su anfana da garabasar aikin da

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za’a yi kuma ya inganta rayuwar sub a kamar yadda ta ke a bay aba. Saboda haka al’ummar da abin ya shafa a na bukatar su bayar da goyon baya domin nasarar wannan tsarin na RAP, tsarin taswirar aiki da kuma dabbakawa da kuma karbar ragamar aikin idan a ka kamalla gaba daya. Wannan ya na bukatar tantancewar yanayin zamantakewa da kuma kamfanin da zai yi aiki domin tabbatar da cewa ba’a bar wani abu da ya kamata a saka a ciki ba.

Wannan tsarin na RAP zai kula ne kawai da wadan da aiki zai shafa kuma a ka tabbatar da gaskiyar hakan bayan an bi duk hanyoyin da su ka kamata domin kaucewa abin da zai janyo mu su damuwa. Haka kuma, tsarin ya bayyana ka’idojin da ya kamata a bi domin rage radadin damuwar da mutanen da aikin zai shafa.

Ayyukan inganta noman rani a KRIS sun cika duk ka’idojin babban bankin duniya da su ka shafi shirin sauya muhalli (OP4.12). Wannan tsari ne da zai tabbatar da cewa duk wanda wannan aiki ya shafa ko ya kawo mi shi matsala zai sami diyyar da za ta inganta rayuwar shi.

Kaucewa ko Rage yawan sauyawar muhalli

A na bukatar a yi iya kokarin kaucewa ko rage yawan sauyawar muhalli idan da hali. Wadannan su ne hanyoyi daga cikin shirin TRIMING na kaucewa ko rage yawan sauyawar muhallai: Tsare-tsare da kuma tuntubar ma su ruwa da tsaki Tabbatar da cewa an sanya al’ummun da abin ya shafa a cikin tsarin shirin Samar da makiyaya da burtalai Tabbatar da cewa kowace sektar ba ta wuce kadada dubu biyu ba a tsarin noman rani

domin inganta tabbatar da adalci Samar da isasshen ruwa ga kowa domin kaucewa tarnaki Samar da damar kasancewar manoma a matsayin mai mallakar gona a matsayin sufari Tsarin ya kasance ba mai kawo damuwa sosai ba, ko da hakan ta faru ya kasance na dan

lokaci

Manufa da makasudan tsarin RAP

Wannan tsarin da TRIMING ta fito da shi na RAP zai kasance wani dabtari da ya fayyace tsarin biyan diyar hana aiki da sauya muhallai domin cimma muradun Babban Bankin duniya (WB OP 4.12), wanda ya shafi binciken tasiri da ire-iren biyan diyyar da za’a yi ga wadanda za’a dakatar daga aikin su kuma zai kasance gwargwadon kimada yawan kadarar da abin zai shafa wadda manomi zai iya rasawa. Haka wannan ya kunshi yin tsarin kasafi na musamman domin tabbatarwa da sauran su.

Kai tsaye an shirya tsarin RAP domin: Zakulo adadin wadan da aikin zai shafa a kuma tabbatar da lallai shafar za ta shiga

hakkin su da nemo dabarun kaucewa haka ko ragewa Shirya wani tsari da za’a tabbatar domin sauyawa manoma wurare da biyan diyyar

da ta dace a bisa tsarin da babban bankin duniya ya aminta da shi A tabbatar da an yi komai a fili ba boye-boye A tabbatar da wani tsari ingantacce na rage damuwa ga wadan da za’a dagatar na

dan lokaci ko kuma wadan da mai yiyuwa za su yi hasarar gonakin su a sanadiyyar wannan aiki na TRIMING

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Bayani a kan wuraren da abin ya shafa

Kogin Kano (KRIS) ya na a kan fadin rukunin gurbin murabba’i 11045 da kuma 12005 na Ikwaito daga arewa da kuma murabba’in tsawo a kan awo 08045 da 09005 daga gabas da tsarin GMT. Kogin ya na da yawan tsawon kasar da ya kai nesan kilomita ashirin da biyar (25km) daga kudu da birnin Kano kuma mafi yawan kasar ta noman rani ce kuma ta shinfidu a sassa biyu da hanyar Kano zuwa Zaria wato babban titin Karfi zuwa Rano. An shirya wannan shiyar noma domin noman rani na malale da ya kai kusan kadada dubu ashirin da biyu (22,000ha) da ke samun ruwa da Madatsar ruwa ta Tiga (a ma’adanar ruwa ta Kanya).

A bisa ga binciken da kamfanin Royal Haskoning DHV ya yi, wannan shiyar noman rani ta Kano ta hadar da Madatsar ruwa ta Tiga, Ma’adanar ruwa ta Kanya (Ruwan Kanya), Babbar hanyar ruwa ta daya da ta biyu (MC1 da MC2), Sashen magudanar ruwa na Gabas (mai sekta 14), Sahshen Magudanar Ruwa ta Ganyere (mai sekta 3) da Sashen magudanar ruwa ta Yamma (mai sekta 29) da kuma tsarin hanyoyin ruwa da ke shayar da gonaki. Wadannan gonakin noman ranin sun a karkashin kananan hukumomi guda bakwai da ke Kanon kamar haka: Tudun Wada, Rano, Bebeji, Dawakin Kudu, Garun Mallam, Bunkure da kuma Kura. Tsarin noman ranin (na gonaki) a inda a ke son yin aikin kankare suna a karkashin kananan hukumomin mulki guda uku kamar haka: Garun Mallam, Bunkure da kuma Kura duk a Kudu ma so yamma da birnin Kano.

Manyan kayan aikin noman rani a KRIS sun hada da:

Madatsar ruwa ta Tiga: wannan madatssar ruwa irin wacce a ke tonawa ce da a ka tsara a ka kuma gina tsakanin shekarar 1970 zuwa 1974. Wannan madatsar ruwa ta na ajiye ruwan da za’a iya noman kadada dubu goma sha takwas da dari tara (18,900ha), tsarin ginin madatsar ruwan ya kai mita arba’in da takwas 48m, da tsarin tsawon da ya kai mita arba’in da takwas da digo sittin da takwas (42.68 m) da kuma karfin ajiye ruwa kimanin lita miliyan dubu da dari takwas da arba’in da biyar in ji babban Manajan madatsar ruwan. Haka kuma ya bayyana cewa ta na tsakanin Kogin Kano da babbar Koramar Hadejia. Ruwan da ke fitowa daga madatsar ruwan ne a ke anfani da shi wajen ayyukan noman rani na Kano. Amma a sanadiyyar taruwar baraguzai tun lokacin da a ka gina shi ya sanya raguwar karfin ajiyar ruwa sanadiyyar ko-in-kula a kan binciken lafiyar madatsar ruwan.

Ruwan Kanya Reservoir: Ma’adanar ruwa ta Ruwan Kanya: Wannan ma’adanar ruwa da a ke kira Ruwan Kanya ta na da tsawon kilomita uku da digo sittin da shida (3.66 km) na tsawo da kuma karfin ajiyar ruwa na kimanin lita miliyan hamsin da takwas na ruwa da ke tallafawa babbar madatsar ruwan Tiga. Ruwan Kanya na kusa kilomita biyar da digo daya (5.1km) daga babbar madatsar ruwan Tiga. A binciken da a ka yi ruwan da a ka saki daga babbar Madatsar ruwan Tida ta babbar hanyar ruwa na shiga a ruwan Kanya daga nan sai a sake shi zuwa gonakin noman rani ta hanyar babbar hanyar ruwa ta biyu. Dalilin anfani da wannan dabarar shi ne domin a sami ruwa mai yawa da zai isa aikin noman rani kuma ko da ta faru an rufe babbar madatsar ruwan Tiga saboda gyara ko wata matsalar gaggawa. Akwai kuma ma’adanar ruwa guda tara da a ke anfani da su wajen ajiye ruwa da dare domin anfani da shi da safe.

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Madatsar ruwan Challawa Gorge da ma’adanar ruwa: Madatsar ruwa ta Challawa Gorge ta na nan a Kogin Challawa ta na kuma da tsawon da ya kai mita arba’in da biyu (42 m). An kammala wannan madatsar ruwa tun shekarar 1992 kuma ta na da tsawon fiye da kilomita bakwai. Ma’adanar ruwan ta na da fadin kusan kilomita dari da karfin ajiye ruwa kusan lita miliyan dari tara. Dalilin yin wannan ma’adanar ruwa kuwa shi ne domin ajiye ruwa saboda anfani a Kogin Hadejia na ayyukan noman rani da kuma samar da ruwan sha a birnin Kano da kuma garin Wudil; sanadiyyar haka ne ya sa Hukumar kula da raya fadamu da koguna ta Hadejia-Jama’are ke kulawa da wannan ma’adanar ruwan ta Challawa. Ayyukan TRIMING a wannan ma’adanar ruwan sun a da alaka ne da abin da ya shafi na’urori.

Manya-manyan sassan ayyukan da a ke so a yi

Ayyukan da a ke so a gudanar na TRIMING sun hada da gyaran fadamun noman rani da inganta su a karkashin aikin noman rani na Kogin Kano da ya hadar da kadada 14,314. Wannan aikin ne ya bunkasa ayyukan noman rani a shiyar su samar da yabanyar da a ke bukata kuma tare da la’akari da daidaikun ma su anfani da ruwan aikin noman rani. Haka kuma aikin da ya shafi saka jari zai samar da damar samun ayyukan yi a karkashin wannan shirin noman rani domin inganta rayuwar manoma.

An kassafa wurin da za’a yi ayyukan zuwa shiyar Gabas da ta Yamma a Kogin Shimar karkashin Kogi da hanyoyin ruwa a karkashin kulawar shirin noman rani na Kano. Haka kuma akwai sekta guda uku (3) da ke shan ruwa kai tsaye daga bangaren Gayare. A sashen Yamma na magudanar ruwan a yanzu haka akawai sekta 29 da an riga an inganta su sannan a Gabas akawi sekta 14 a ka kusa kammalawa (wato sekta 11 sun kammalu sauran sekta 3 ne ba’a kammala ba).

Ayyukan da a ke so a gudanar a babbar hanyar ruwa su ne:

● Samar da na’urar raba ruwa a bangare na farko na babbar hanyar ruwa● samar da hanyoyin fitar da ruwa a mahadar ruwa da ke Rano da gyara tagogin ruwa

Gyaran ma’adanar ruwan Kanya ( a karkashin sashen kulawa da kiyaye lafiyar madatsar ruwa)

● Sake gyara hanyoyin bi ko da kafa ko mota da ke kan hanyoyin ruwa da sake ma su fasala da alkibla

● Gyaran lalacewar da hanyoyin ruwa su ka yi● Sayen na’urar cirar kachalla ( a na bukatar wannan na’urar a karkashin shirin ayyukan

gyaran Koguna da bitoci a kan kulawa da su)

Ayyukan da a ke so a yi a sashen Gabas

● Gyaran farfashewar hanyoyin ruwa● Samar da na’urar raba ruwwa a farkon hanyar ruwa ta EBC (wacce ba’a taba samarwa

ba)

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● Aiki na tsawon kilomita 3 daga babbar hanyar ruwa ta biyu a kan Kogin Shimar a mahadar ruwa da samar da tagogin fitar da ruwa uku a karkashin gada a EBC. Biyu daga cikin wadannan tagogin bas a aiki a yanzu kuma sun a bukatar gyara.

● Gyaran tagogi: tagogin bas a yin aiki yadda ya kamata kuma akwai duwarwatsu da su ka toshe EBC da a ke bukata a cire.A kan EBC akwai hanyar ruwa da na’urar kula da ruwan da ke bukatar gyara. Akwai wata na’urar mai kama da ta Garun Babba na WBC. Akwai kuma aikin fitar da baraguzai a EBC.

Ayyukan da za’a yi a Sashen Yamma (WBC)

● Gyaran tagogin ruwa a mahadar ruwa ta Garun Babba: za’a cire baraguzai da cikowar tabo a kan hanyar ruwa ta Yamma WBC

● Gyaran sashen kankare da ya lalace a hanyar ruwa ta Yamma WBC ● Gyaran tsawon kilomita daya da rabi (1.5km) na Yamma da ke Bengaza, Waire da

Yantomo;● Gyaran farfashewa a kan hanyar ruwa ta Yamma (WBC)● Gyaran na’urorin ruwa a Yamma (WBC)● Gyaran tagogi: Tagogin ba’a iya anfani ko bude su saboda cikewa da barguzai su ka

yi da a ke so a cire domin gyaran.

Domin tabbatar da samar da ruwa sha da kuma samar da dama ga dabbobi a kan hanyoyin sun a wucewa a Kogin Kano, an samar da wuraren shan ruwan dabbobi a wuraren da a ka aminta. Hanyoyi da gadojin sun yi kimanin tsawon kilomita 2 a budawar su, a na kuma son duk al’ummar da ke a kewayen hanyar ruwa su anfana da gyaran. Za’a kuma samarwa kungiyoyin manoma a matakin sekta da muhallan tarukan tattaunawa da ofis.

Tsarin doka a kan mallakar kasa

Tsarin mallakar kasa a tarayyar Najeriya shi ne tsarin doka na shekarar 1978 wanda a ka yiwa gyara a karkashin lamba 202, a shekarar 1990. Akwai tsarin Babban Bankin duniya na doka (OP 4.12) wanda ya yi tanadi a kan abinda ya shafi mallakar kasa da kuma dakatar da anfani da ita wanda shi ma an yi masa gyara. Banbancin kawai da a ke da shi tsakanin wadannan dokokin biyu sun shafi matakan gyara ne wadanda kuma ba’a yi watsi da sub a kuma ba’a tirsasa sub a dokar.

Saboda haka tsarin kula da canjin muhalli ya kiyaye da kuma sa ido ko da aa sami wani banbanci a tsakanin dokokin Najeriya da na Babban Bankin duniya, to za’a bayar da muhimmanci ga walwalar jama’ar da aikin ya shafa

Ranakun tantancewa

Ranar da a ka ware domin kididdigar mutanen da aikin ya shafa it ace ranar 8 ga Desemban 2016 wacce a ka bayyanarwa jama’ar da al’umma a lokacin taron tattaunawa da ma su ruwa da tsaki a cikin shirin da kuma anfani da wasu kafafen isar da sakonni. Idan ya kasance an

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sami jinkiri na shekara uku daga ranar da a ka ware domin kididdiga, to ya zama wajibi a sake jaddadawa.

Alfanun aikin

Aikin gyaran zai fuskanci inganta wuraren noman rani (ba wai kawai fadada sub a). Anfanin aikin ga ma su ruwa da tsaki zai fi yawa sabanin rashin anfanin sa. Abin da a ke so shi ne tattalin arzikin kasa da yankuna daban-daban ya karu, kuma ba za’a iya samun haka ba sai idan aninganta harkokin noma. A takaice ga anfanin da aikin zai haifar kamar haka:

Za’a sami karuwa yawan noma sanadiyyar samar da ruwan noman rani isasshe; Za’a sami yabanya ta rubanya sanadiyar gyaran hanyoyin ruwa; Za’a sami yabanya daban-daban domin inganta gonakin noman rani da samun

ingantaccen iri; Za’a sami karuwar dabbobi domin za’a sami karuwar abincin su daga hakukuwan

ababen noma; Za’a sami karuwar kudade a iyallai daban-daban sanadiyyar karuwar kayan gona da

makamantan su – za’a sami karuwar aikin yi; Gwamnati za ta sami kwari gwiwa fannin hulda da ma’aikatu da hukumomi daban-

daban musamman fannin kulawa da inganta harkokin noma a mataki na kasa; ; Za’a sami fadadawa da karuwar hanyoyi tare da anfani mai yawa; Za’a sami walwalar jama’a musamman bayar da dama ga kowa da kowa ba tare da

banbancin jinsi, addini ko kabilanci ba, kuma za’a sami yin ayyuka ba tare da boye komai ba musamman fannin kulawa da ruwa a matakai daban-daban;

Za’a sami raguwar ambaliyar ruwa; Za’a sami raguwar cututtuka ma su alaka da ruwa maras tsafta kamar zazzabin cizon

sauro saboda inganta hanyoyin da ruwa yak e kwaranya; Za’a sami karuwar ruwan anfani ba tare da tsinkewa ba; Za’a sami karuwar kayan gona; Za’a sami karuwar kudin shiga daga gona; Za’a sami dorewar abinci ba tare da tsinkewa ba; Za’a sami isasshe kuma lafiyayyen abinci mai gina jiki.

Haka kuma a lokacin gine-gine, za’a sami damar samun anfani na wani lokaci da kuma na dogon lokaci. Domin dole ne a nemi ma’aikata daga inda a ke gudanar da ayyukan; mutane za su sami ayyukan yi kamar ta fannin daukar hayar motoci, damar bude shagunan sayar da ababen anfani da samar da hidimomi daban-daban da dai sauran su. Za’a samar da cikkaken bayanin anfanin da al’umma za ta samu a cikin kundin bayanai da za’a hannuntawa ga ‘yan kwangilar da za su yi aikin

Tasirin aikin da a ke so a yi da zai shafi al’umma

Gonakin mutane da a ka tantance da kuma ayyukan da manoma su ka saba yi su ne wannan aikin zai shafa. Amma dangane da mutanen da aikin zai shafa, an tantance adadin manoma 42,450 gonaki da manoma. Ba wanda zai rasa gonar sa ko gonar ta a sanadiyyar wannan aikin. Kawai za’a dakatar da manoma ne na dan loaci ba za su sami damar yin nom aba sanadiyyar aikin da za’a yin a gyara. A na tunanin wannan dakatarwar za ta shiga hakkin manoma, saboda haka ne a sami hanyoyin da za’a bi a ragewa manoma radadin rashin yin noman.

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Matakan rage damuwa

Domin inganta rayuwar wadan da aikin zai shafa ko kuma biya mu su diyyar abin da ya kamata a ce sun noma, da kuma samar mu su kariya, za’a yi kokarin ganin an inganta rayuwar su har su kasance sun a iya dogaro da kan su. An tsara matakai da za’a bi domin biyan diyyar. Misalai wannan ya shafi samar da biyan kudi ga duk wanda aikin ya shafa. Wadan da kuma za su sami damuwa dalilin aikin, za’a ba su matukar kulawa domin kar su shiga damuwa.

Domin a tabbatar cewa an biya kowa hakkin sa da ya dace, an duba yanayin kasuwa a halin da a ke ciki na tsadar ababe, kuma an tantance abin da ya dace a biya wanda abin ya shafa. An bi kasuwanni gida na kurkusa domin samun cikakken bayanin kasuwa. An fitar da wata rajistar shigar da duk wanda aikin ya shafa da abin da ya kamata a biya. Matakan na rage radadi za’a gabatar da su ne kamin a fara aiki gadan-gadan.

Wadannan matakan na rage radadi za’a bi daki-daki wajen aiwatar da su. Za’a bi sekta-sekta, gaba-gaba domin a tabbatar da cewa ba wani manomi da a ka bari a baya.

Hakkin samun diyya

Wadanda za’a biya diyya su ne wdanda su ka rasa wani abu na kadarorin su ko abin da rayuwa ta dogara da shi a sanadiyyar gyare-gyaren kayan aikin noman rani.

A lokaci aikin gyare-gyare: ba gida, ba makaranta, ba masallaci ko kasuwa da wannan aikin zai shafa, domin duk an fitar da su daga cikin tsarin da a ka yi, amma akwai sansani guda uku da a ka fitar na ibada mita biyar daga hanyar ruwa na sekta, da kuma samar da dan wurin hutawa. Ba wanda zai rasa gonar sa. Idan akwai abin gona da bai nuna ba a lokacin da za’a yi aiki, za’a biya diyyar wannan. A na sa ran aikin zai kai shekara 3 zuwa 4 kuma za’a yi shi mataki-mataki, sekta-sekta. A lokacin damina manoma za su yi aiki ba tare da wata damuwa ba saboda aiki zai kasance a kan hanyoyin ruwa da magudanun ruwan. Amma a lokaci rani wasu manoman za’a dan dakatar da sun a wuccin gadi sanadiyyar aikin. Kuma za’a biya su diyya.

Bayanin hakkoki mai lamba E.1Ire-iren hasara

Damar samun shiga Salon biyan diyya Karin matakai

Hasarsr gona

Mai mallaka, mai haya, mai aro, wasu daban ma su anfani da gona,

Samar da diyya domin wanda aiki ya shafa ya yi zabi gamsasshe (ko kudi ko kadara)

Taimakon samar da matsuguni

Hasarar sana’a

Ma su sana’a Biyan diyyar abin da a ke sa ran ci na riba a cikin adadin lokacin aiki a kan kadarar da ba za’a iya daukewa ba

Samar da ‘yan kudin zirga-zirga dai dai da yanayin sana’ar mutum

Hasarar kayan gona ko bishiyoyi

Gaba dayan ma su kayan gona ko bishiyoyi

Biyan kudi a sanadiyyar kayan gona ko bishiyoyi da a ka rasa

Samar da damar samun kayan gona kamar iri

Hasarar kudin

Duk wani ma’aikaci da ya rasa aikin sa

Za’a tabbatar da musanya wani aiki mai kama da wanda a ka

Samar da ‘yan kudi a cikin lokacin dakatar da mutum na

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kodago sakamakon ayyukan da za’a yi

rasa dan lokaci

Bayar da kulawa ta musamman ga mutane ma su rauni:Za’a tantance duk mutanen da ke da rauni ko bukata ta musamman a cikin wadanda ayyukan za su shafa kuma a bas u kulawa ta musamman a cikin shirin biyan diyya. Daga cikin ka’idojin tantance su akwai shekaru.Ma su shekaru 65, ma su rauni sanadiyyar nakasa ko tabin hankali, mata ma su kula da gidaje (ma su marayu), mata da mazajen su su ka rasu ko su ka rabu da mazajen su, Yara marayu ko wanda ke kwance a gadon rashin lafiya.Hasarar wata kadara ta albarkatun kasa

Kamar albarkatun gandu da kuma na ruwa

Tabbatar da samarwa mutum kwatankwacin abin da ya rasa

Samar da dan kudin tallafi har sai an mayarwa da mutum tsohuwar kadarar sa

Hasarar wurin kiyon dabbobi na jama’a

Wurin jama’a ko na mallakar mutum shi daya

Sauya wurin kiyon da bai da nisa

Sauya wurin kiyon da bai da nisa

Dole ne a baiwa duk wanda abin ya shafa damar cire abin gonar sa kafin aikin ya fara a shekarar 2017. A yayin da aiki ya zarta mita biyar daga baya a sekta, dole ne a biya diyyar duk kadarar da abin ya shafa.

Biyan diyya da mayarwa wadanda aikin ya shafa abin da rayuwar su ta dogara da shi

An riga an sanar da duk wadanda abin ya shafa dangane da matakan da a ka dauka domin rage radadin damuwa. Kuma za’a bas u zabi domin samun damar yin abinda zai dawo mu su da kadarorin su. Haka kuma duk sun aminta su bayar da goyon baya a kan wannan tsarin.

Sa hannun jama’a

Sa hannun jama’a a wannan tsarin ya shafi tuntuba da sadarwa. Ita tuntuba ta na da hanya biyu inda za’a sami daidaito da mincewar wadanda aikin ya shafa ko ma su ruwa da tsaki a cikin tsarin. Sadarwa ta kunshi isar da bayanai ga jama’a dangane da ayyukan.

Ma su ruwa da tsaki sun hada da jami’an kananan hukumomi, shuwagabannin al’uma da sauran ma su fada a ji, wadanda aiki ya shafa da sauran su kamar ‘yan kasuwa duk an tuntube su. A lokacin taron tattaunawar an gabatar mu su da bayanai a kan ayyukan da kuma muhimman bayanai kamar yadda ya dace.

Haka kuma, a lokacin tuntuba, an samarwa jama’ar da aikin ya shafa da bayanai dangane da biyan diyya da zabi daban-daban an kuma ba su damar shiga ciki a yi tsarin da su. Haka kuma an gayawa wadanda aikin ya shafa cewa sun a da damar isar da korafe korafen su ta hanyar da ya dace. An fayyace mu su hakkokin su da su ka kunshi biyan diyya ko da sun nuna cewa sun yafe, an ba su damar su fadi ra’ayin su. An jaddada cewa za’a biya diyya ne kawai ga wadanda aikin ya shafa. An kuma sanar da ma su ruwa da tsaki cewa su samar da ma’aikata a lokacin da aiki ya fara ta hanyar shuwagabanni domin a dauke su aiki.

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Tsarin biyan diyya da aiwatar da shi

Aiwatar da tsarin biyan diyya na bukatar kulawa ta musamman a tsakanin ma su ruwa da tsaki da kuma samun amincewa a tsakanin ma su ruwa da tsakin tun daga mataki na daya. An shirya tsare-tsare da su ma su ruwa da tsaki da hukumar TRIMING domin kulawa ta baki daya. Kwamitin kulawa na noman rani na Kano da hukumar raya fadamu da koguna za su tabbatar an gabatar da wannan tsarin. Kwamitin biyan diyya ya kunshi jama’a kamar manoma, al’ummu, shuwagabannin gargajiya, shugaban KRIS, wakilan kungiyar manoma tare da taimako daga kwararre a fannin kula da walwalar jama’a na TRIMING za su tabbatar ba’a sami matsala ba.

Kafin a fara aikin za’a kafa kwamiti kula da biyan diyya da zai kunshi HJRBDA, shuwagabannin Kungiyar manoma na Sekta, shuwagabanni a mataki na kasa, hukumar TRIMING. Kwamitin zai rika taro kamar haka:

Mayu/Yuni a shekarar farko domin tantance ayyukan da za’a yi lokacin rani da kuma tantance yawan manoman da ayyukan za su shafa alokatan ayyukan watan Nuwamba zuwa Mayu a sassan da ayyukan su ka shafa.

Haka kuma kwamitin zai rika taro duk bayan wata shida ya kara tantance diyyar manoma wanda ya yi dai dai da yanayin da a ke ciki na tsada.

Kwamitin zai fitar da tsarin sunayen mutanen da ayyukan su ka shafa. Wannan tsarin sunayen za’a kafe shi a HJRBDA da kuma a matakin kungiyar manoma inda mutane za su iya gani a fili da kuma a rediyo kafin a fara ayyuka da wata uku.

Sunayen za’a kafe su a shiyar ayyukan noman rani da kauyuka, da inda al’uma ta ke da rediyo da ofishin KRIS, da ma su shela da sauran su. Za’a fitar da wani fom (ANNEX 7.0) da za’a rabawa domin a cike. Da zarar an cike fom din da hotuna, za’a gabatar da su domin biyan diyya. Za’a dauki hoton manomi domin tantancewa. Idan an biya kowa, hukumar TRIMING za ta sanar da babban bankin duniya.

Ba za’a fara ayyukan ba har sai an tabbatar da cewa ba wani da ya rage da ba’a biya shi ba. Manya-manyan ayyukan wannan tsarin an fayyace su a zanen da ke kasa mai lamba E.2.

Karfafa gwiwar ma’aikata

Dangane da tattaunawa da a ka yi da ma su ruwa da tsaki domin tantancewar tsarin kamar abin da ya shafi kididdige kadarori da ya kamata a biya diyya da tantance wadanda abin ya shafa, wuraren da abin ya shafa, da duk wanda abin ya shafa kamar yadda a ka bayyana a zane mai lamba E.3

Bayanin ayyukan biyan diyya da tsarin ayyuka da tabbatar da su mai lamba E.2:Ayyuka 2017 2018 Karin

bayani

MA AP MY AU SE OC MA AU SE OC NO DE

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Bayyana RAP

Feb./ Mar. 2017

Kafa kwamitin RIC

April 2017

Cikakke tsarin sunaye

May, 2017

Biyan diyya da sauran tallafi

Aug./ Sept. 2017

Bitar biyan diyya tsakanin RIC da PMU

Sept. 2017

Ayyukan gini da kankare lokacin rani

Oct. 2017

Kwamitin RIC da tsarin sunayen jama’a

Mar, 2018

Biyan diyya da sauran tallafi

Aug. /Sept., 2018

Bitar biyan diyya tsakanin RIC da PMU

Sept., 2018

Ayyukan gyara da fara aiki.

Oct, 2018

Biyan kudi On going

Karin bayani: bayanin lokatan da a ka yi a zanen sama ya kunshi tattaunawar da a ka yi da manoma daga taron da a ka yin a biyar (5th ISM). Ya shafi gyara da za’a yi a lokacin rani.

Tsarin biyan diyya

Duk wani aiki da za’a yi lokacin rani (Nuwamba zuwa Mayu) da ya shafi manoma za’a biya diyyar shi Augusta zuwa Satumba, watanni biyu kafin fara ayyukan.

Page xxxi of clxxv

A tsarin biyan diyyar, za’a sami ‘yan kudi da ba za su gaza dallar Amurika 42 ba a bayan kowane wata shida. An aminta cewa biyan a yi shi a bankin Commercial yanki-yanki kamar yadda kwamiti ya tsara a taron da a ka yi. Za’a sanar da manoma wurin da za’a hadu. Saboda mafi yawan wadanda aikin ya shafa bas a da asusun ajiya na banki, za’a gabatar mu su da bitoci daban-daban a kan yadda mutum zai sarrafa kudin sa su anfane shi. Sannan kamar yadda babban bankin duniya ya tsara a kan tsarin walwala kuma duk manoman za’a biya su kafin ayyukan su fara.

Sakamakon tsarin biyan diyya ya bayyana cewa a tsarin, manomi zai sami a kalla naira 13,000.00. an yi wannan ne a kan kwakkwaran bincike da a ka gabatar.

A yayin tabbatar da wannan tsarin na biyan diyya, za’a bayar da matukar kulawa ga mutane ma su bukata ta musamman kamar tsofaffi ko ma su wata nakasa. Za’a taskace duk bayanan da a ka tara kamar hotuna a hukumar TRIMING, da wakilan bankin da zai biya kudin da kuma KRIS.

Tsarin Kasafi

Gaba daya kasafin biyan diyyar ya kai kimanin kudi ₦481,199,176.70 kimanin dallar Amurika USD $1,527,616.43 a kan canjin naira da dala N315 per USD$1. Kamar yadda a ka yi bayani a tsarin zanen da ke da lamba E.3. A na sa ran wannan adadin zai isa biyan diyyar. An ware kaso 10% na yawan nwannan kudin ko da wani abu zai iya tasowa daga baya.

Tsarin kasafi a zane mai lamba E.3

Lamba Bayani Tsada (NAIRA)

Tattarawa (NAIRA)

A Biyan diyya a kan: A1 Gona Ba ya cikiA2 Albarkatun noma 425,516,337A3 Muhallin ibada guda uku (3) 45,820 x 3 137,460.00A4 Wurin shan iska guda goma (10) 25,000 x 10 250,000.00A5 (5nos)Palm fronds Structures 10,000 x 5 50,000.00

Tattaraw a takaice 425,953,797.00B KARIN TALLAFIB1 Kulawa da korafi 2,000,000.00

Tattarawa a takaice 2,000,000.00C TSADAR KAFAWAC1 Shaidar biyan diyya 1,500,000.00C2 Kwarin gwiwa 1,500,000.00C3 Bayyanawa 500,000.00C4 Bayar da shawarwari ga ma su rauni da kuma kula

da wadanda ayyukan za su shafa2,000,000.00

C5 Ababen bukata 4,000,000.00Tattarawa a takaice 11,500,000.00

D Tattaraw 437453,797.00E A hada da kashi 10% domin abin da ka iya tasowa 43,745,379.70F Tattarawa baki daya 481,199,176.70

A kan canjin naira N315 zuwa dala 1$ ($1,527,616.43)* A bar manoma su cire abin gonar su kafin a fara aiki domin rage adadin diyya

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* Diyyar itace ma su anfani bay a cikin biyan diyyaA lokacin tuntuba an bayar da shawara cewa a fara aiki a kananan sekta – sekta kafin manya domin inganta ayyukan.Hukumar TRIMING ce za ta samar da hanyoyin biyan diyya a kan wannan tsarin.

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Tsarin taswirar ayyukan KRIS na gyare-gyare mai lamba 4:

SHEKARA SEKTOCIN D. Adadin kadada

KASAFI (₦) DALA $ SEKTOCIN DA BA’A KAMMALA BA

Adadin kadada

KASAFI (₦) DALA $

1. CirinShiyeKodeYuriKulumaRugaYakasiaKarfiTsauniMakworo Kosawa

2,991.29 97,230,194.00 308,667.28 Makunturi 288.89 9388855.00 29,805.89

2. TsanbankiLauteyeTurbaUngwa RimiKorawaBunkure ABunkure BPakoDaliliM. GabasMajaboButalawaGori NorthGori SouthRakauna

3,000.17 97509692.00 309,554.58 Dambala 205.65 6683585.00 21,217.73

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MauraAzore I & II

3. BengazaWaireYantomoBarnawaGayereSamawaKore

3,139.34 102,030,792.00 323907.28 Unguwar Rimi B 154.74 5028645.00 15,963.95

4. KadawaDorawaGafanAgolasYadakwariRajeAgalawa

3,311.98 107,644,574.00 341728.81

TATTARAWA A TAKAICE

  12,442.78 404,415,252.00 1,283,857.94   649.28 21,101,085.00 66,987.57

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Tsarin sauraron korafe-korafe

A na iya samun korafe-korafe da za’a iya samu. Duk da cewa an yi tsarin biyan diyya, amma har ila yau a na tunanin za’a iya samun wasu korafe-korafe daga manoma da ke ganin ba’a magance matsalolin sub a. dalilin haka ne ya sa a ka fitar da wani tsari na sauraron korafi domin rage matsaloli ma su yawa.

Wannan tsarin sauraron korafe-korafe an yi shi ne bayan bincike mai zurfin gaske a lokacin an sanar da duk wadanda ayyukan hukumar TRIMING su ka shafa domin warware matsalolin da ka iya tasowa. Kuma an yi kokari an shigar da mutane a cikin sa wadanda su ke da ruwa da tsaki kamar kungiyoyin manoma, KRIS da kuma shuwagabannin mata.

Tsarin sauraron korafe-korafe

Wannan tsarin sauraron korafe-korafe an yi shi a saukake a matsayin hanyar warware matsaloli. Matakin farko shi ne a matakin unit. Idan an kasa magance matsalar a wannan mataki, sai a je a matakin sekta, idan ya gagara sai a je a shiyar kula da ayyukan noman rani idan ya gagara, sai a sami jami’in kula da walwalar jama’a na hukumar TRIMING.

Yadda a ke warware matsala

Idan mai korafi zai gabatar da korafi inda ya dace zai iya yin haka ta baki, ko a rubuce, ko ta wayar traho ko sakon tarho. Korafin da a ka gabatar a rubuce za’a saka ma shi hanu da kwanan wata sannan a ajiye shi. Jami’an kula da walwalar jama’a za su tabbatar da ba’a yi kuskure ba. Za’a tabbatar an rubuta korafin mai korafi musamman idan ba ya iya rubutu,

Time lokacin bayar da ansar korafi

Da zarar a ka karbi korafi za’a fara suararon sa nana take. Idan a ka kasa warware matsalar, mai korafi na da damar isar da korafin sa a mataki nag aba har zuwa hukumar TRIMING idan har hakan ta kai a daga korafin zuwa wannan matakin. Duk korafi kar ya wuce kwanaki goma na ranakun aiki. Ya zama wajibi a tattara duk bayanai a kan korafi.

Sa ido da bincike

Bayan ajiye bayanai a kan korafi, wakilin TRIMING a shiyar ayyukan noman rani zai rika aikewa da bayanai zuwa ga hukumar TRIMING duk sati da duk wani abu da ba’a kai karshen sa ba. Wadannan bayanan za’a gabatar da su a sashen kulawa da sa ido na hukumar TRIMING dai dai da tsarin babban bankin duniya.

Bayyanarwa

Bayan babban banki ya aminta, wadannan tsare-tsaren za’a bayyanar da su a cikin harsunan Hausa da Turanci a takaice.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

IntroductionThe Government of Nigeria is implementing the TRANSFORMING IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA (TRIMING) project, which was approved by the World Bank Board of Directors on June 19th, 2014. The Project Development Objective is to improve access to irrigation and drainage services and to strengthen institutional arrangements for integrated water resources management and agriculture service delivery in selected large-scale public schemes in Northern Nigeria.

The Kano River Irrigation Scheme (KRIS) is one of the five selected schemes. The proposed KRIS intervention is envisaged to rehabilitate 14,314 ha for mixed cultivation of various crops during the wet and dry season. This total amount irrigated area (14,314 ha) is based on the feasibility studies undertaken where water availability was thoroughly studied and agreed upon with stakeholders to ensure fair and equitable water service to all irrigators in the service area.

The TRIMING project is rated as Category ‘A’. It triggers seven World Bank safeguards policies (OP’s), namely, Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01), Safety of Dams (OP 4.37), Natural Habitats (OP 4.04), Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12) – mentioned above, Physical Cultural Resources (OP 4.11), Pest Management (OP 4.09), and Projects on International Waterways (OP 7.50).

In order to ensure adequate management of the environmental and social issues as well as involuntary resettlement issues triggered, relevant safeguards instruments, viz; Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF), Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) and Pest Management Plan (PMP) were prepared and disclosed both in-country and on the World Bank Infoshop. These framework instruments specify the principles and procedures to be used for preparing, approving and implementing site-specific management and action plans that are valued with measurable and monitorable actions for the specific intervention sites as they are known. The applicable instruments arising from these frameworks include Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) in the case of RPF and Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA)/Environmental & Social Management Plan (ESMP) for ESMF, depending on the degree and scale of impacts arising from each site-specific project and PMP respectively.

For the proposed KRIS, it is envisaged that the rehabilitation of existing irrigated land, roads and other irrigation infrastructure as well as development of yet to be completed sectors areas under the project, although will not require any form of land acquisition, it will however temporarily have negative impact on the farmers who will be temporarily deprived of access to irrigation water and as such might lose the source of their livelihood for at least a season. During the construction period affected farmers will be eligible for crop and land compensation.

Need for Resettlement Action PlanUnder the TRIMING project, it is noted that it is not sufficient for communities to submissively accept project works and the impacts of these works. Project Affected Persons (PAPs) must participate in the benefits of the project and be given options regarding how

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they restore or improve their previous living standard. In this regard participating communities were mobilized to contribute actively to the preparation of this RAP, the project design and implementation, and to take ownership of the works following implementation. This underscored the accurate analysis of local social conditions and organization with a view to ensuring social inclusion in the project implementation.

This RAP recognises the full range of people affected by the project and justifies their displacement after consideration of alternatives that would minimize or avoid displacement. In addition, it specifies the procedures to follow and the actions to be taken to properly mitigate the negative impacts of such displacement on people and communities.

The TRIMING Project intervention at KRIS is in full compliance with the requirements of the World Bank Operational Policy on Involuntary Resettlement (OP4.12) which requires the preparation of a resettlement action plan to ensure that persons involuntarily displaced have an opportunity to restore or improve their level of living to at least the pre-project level or better off.

Avoidance/Minimization of Resettlement The principles of OP 4.12 require that as much as reasonably practicable, involuntary resettlement should be avoided or minimized. In line with this, TRIMING ensured avoidance/minimization of some of the impacts through the following considerations: Design changes and stakeholder engagement; Integration of communities/settlements into project design; Creation of grazing area/routes Ensuring each sector size not more than 2,000 ha/scheme to facilitate participation and

transparency; Ensure reliable water resources without creating major conflict with other users and uses; Farmer occupier land tenure system preferred; Schemes not involving land acquisition with only minor disruption of farming activities

in at most one season

Aim and Objectives of the RAP This RAP prepared by TRIMING serves as a document that outlines how the resettlement will be accomplished to fulfil the objectives of WB OP 4.12 which includes the identification of the impacts, types and levels of compensation and other measures based on the value of assets that will be lost and includes action plan for allocating compensation and budget for implementation etc. Therefore, this RAP is a document prepared by the TRIMING Project for the resettlement of the affected people and communities in KRIS, specifying the procedures it will follow and the actions it will take to properly resettle and compensate affected people and communities.

Specifically, the RAP was designed to: Identify the full range of people affected by the project and justify their

displacement after consideration of alternatives that would minimize or avoid displacement and

Prepare an Action Plan to be implemented to properly resettle and compensate affected people and communities in line with World Bank Policy and Nigeria policies and laws

To ensure a fair and transparent process of compensation and resettlement

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To ensure a sound mitigation plan for those who will temporarily or permanently lose farming land as a result of the TRIMING project.

Site DescriptionThe Kano River Irrigation Scheme (KRIS), lies between latitude 11045` and 12005` North of the equator and longitude 08045` and 09005` East of the Greenwich mean. It is located at a vast area over 25km south of Kano city and it is essentially most of irrigable land both sides of the Kano Zaria highway and on both sides of the Karfi – Rano highway. It is a scheme designed to provide irrigation facilities via gravity for about 22,000 hectares of land utilizing water release from the Tiga dam (via the Ruwan Kanya reservoir).

The KRIS system according to the feasibility study by Royal Haskoning DHV comprises the Tiga Dam, Ruwan Kanyan reservoir, the Main Canal system (MC1 and MC2), the East Branch Canal system (with 14 sectors), the Ganyere Branch Canal (3 sectors) and the West Branch Canal system (with 29 sectors) and the field channels systems which irrigate the farmlands. These irrigated areas are located in seven Local Government Areas in Kano state namely, Tudun Wadan, Rano, Bebeji, Dawakin Kudu, Garum Mallam, Bunkure and Kura. The scheme (Farmlands) where the rehabilitation civil works of irrigation infrastructure are proposed is however located in the three local Government Areas (LGA) of Garum Mallam, Bunkure and Kura southwest of Kano city.

The main irrigation infrastructure in KRIS consist of the following:

Tiga Dam: The Tiga Dam is an earth dam, designed and built within 1970 to 1974. The dam reservoir surface area according to the Tiga dam manager is about 18,900 ha with a structural height of 48 m, hydraulic height of 42.68 m and an active storage capacity of 1,845 million m3 at full supply level. It lies across the Kano River, the main tributary of the Hadejia River. Water from the dam supplies the Kano River Irrigation Project. However, reduction in the reservoir capacity due to sedimentation since its construction has not been assessed.

Ruwan Kanya Reservoir: The Ruwan Kanya Reservoir is a 3.66 km long earth filled dam with storage capacity of 58 million m3 of water which serve as a complimentary reservoir to the Tiga dam. It is located at about 5.1 km downstream of the Tiga Dam. According to the feasibility study, water release from the Tiga Dam through the Main Canal 1 (MC1) is transmitted into the Ruwan Kanyan reservoir and subsequently released to the irrigation sectors through the Main Canal 2 (MC2). The idea behind operating this reservoir is to provide sufficient irrigation to the irrigation area by reducing the transit time as well as guarantee irrigation water supply in the event of emergency repairs on the Tiga Dam, which may require temporary closure. There are also night storage reservoirs (9Nos), which are used to store water at night to be released later in the day for irrigation.

Challawa Gorge Dam and Reservoir: The Challawa Gorge Dam is located across the Challawa River with a maximum height of 42 m. The dam was completed in 1992 and is 7.804 km long. The reservoir has a surface area of about 100 km2 and a total storage capacity of about 930 million m3 out of which the active storage is about 904 million m3. The purpose

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of the reservoir is to store water for use at the Hadejia Valley Irrigation Project and water supply to Kano City and Wudil town; hence the water supply component is managed by the Hadejia Jama’are River Basin Development Authority. TRIMING intervention in this reservoir is limited to electromechanical structures.

Major Components of the Proposed WorksThe proposed TRIMING Project intervention includes the rehabilitation of the existing irrigation scheme and completion of the uncompleted sectors under KRIS covering 14,314 ha. This intervention will bring the irrigation scheme to its full potential with consideration for other water users downstream of the irrigation scheme. Furthermore, the project investment will increase employment opportunity within the project area and also improve the livelihood of farmers.

The project area is divided into the East and the West branch sections by the Shimar River, which with the Kano River drains the project area. In addition three (3) sectors abstracts water directly from the Gayare Branch Canal. In the West Branch Canal region at present 29 Sectors have been fully developed, while in the East Branch canal section there are 14 sectors of about (with 11 sectors completed and 3 uncompleted).

Proposed rehabilitation works needed in the Main Canal comprise:

● Construction of a new cross regulator at the end of the first section of the Main Canal;● Construction of the sills in the Rano cross regulator and repairs of the gates;● Rehabilitation of the Ruwan Kanya Reservoir spillway (under the Dam Safety

Component);● Reshaping of parts of service roads along the canal;● Repairs of damages in the canal lining; and● Purchase of a typha cutter (as part of more typha cutters needed for other project areas

and River Training Component), including training.

Proposed Rehabilitation Works for the East Branch Canal (EBC)

● Repair of cracks along the EBC;● Construction of a cross regulator at the beginning of the EBC (it has never been

constructed);● Some 3 km downstream of the off take from the MC2, on the Shimar River, the head

works for the EBC are located at Chikantina comprising a weir and scouring gates (under a bridge) and the EBC headworks with three gates. Two of these gates cannot be operated at present and need to be serviced;

● Servicing of the scouring gates: The scouring gates are not operated and sediments in front of the EBC gates have built up and needs to be removed; and

● On the EBC a cross regulator together with a spillway needs to be constructed. Just downstream of the cross regulator a broad crested measuring weir is to be integrated

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in the regulator structure (similar to the one at the Garum Baba Head works for the WBC).Sediment removal/De-silting along the course of the EBC;

Proposed Rehabilitation Works for the West Branch Canal (WBC)

● Repairs of the gates at the Garum Baba Headworks; Sediment removal/De-silting along the course of the WBC;

● Repairs of damaged parts of the concrete lining of the WBC;● Extensive reconstruction of 1.5km of the WBC around the Bengaza, Waire and

Yantomo Sectors;● Repair of cracks along the WBC;● Repairs of cross regulators at the WBC;● Servicing of the scouring gates: The scouring gates are not operated and sediments in

front of the EBC gates have built up and needs to be removed.

To ensure access to drinking water and ease of mobility for livestock in KRIS, watering points and crossing corridors have been provided in the design at mutually agreed locations. The crossing / bridges are at an average of 2km apart and are proposed closed to communities along the long canals. Furthermore, the design envisages that each sector WUA will be provided with a meeting place and an office within the scheme.

Legal Framework for Land AcquisitionThe legal framework for land acquisition in Nigeria is the Land Use Act of 1978, reviewed under Cap 202, 1990. The relevant World Bank Operational Policy (OP 4.12), which addresses land acquisition and involuntary resettlement was reviewed. The differences between the Land Use Act and the Bank’s OP 4.12 are mostly in rehabilitation measures, which are neither proscribed nor mandated in the Act.

Hence it is noted in this RAP that in the event of any divergence between the Laws in Nigeria and that of the Bank’s OP 4.12, the more beneficial to the Project Affected Persons shall take precedence in the implementation of this RAP.

Census Cut-Off Date The established cut off-date to record the PAPs in the project area was December 8, 2016 which was made known to the PAPs and communities during the stakeholders meeting, and other means of channel of communications to the stakeholders. In the event of project delay for more than three years from the cutoff date, the socioeconomic survey carried out for this RAP would need to be updated.

Benefit of the ProjectThe Project rehabilitation work will focus on the existing irrigated land (rather than an expansion of irrigation into rain-fed agricultural land). The positive project impacts for the primary stakeholders are therefore expected to be far more important than the negative impacts. Economic development of the area and region as a whole is the long-term objective and is associated with improved agricultural practices through crop irrigation. The economic

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benefits of the Project will, in turn profit the broader community, the zone and region as a whole. The main potential positive impacts of the project are listed below:

Increased cropping intensity due to provision of dry season irrigation water; Increased crop yields due to improved drainage, inputs and crop husbandry; Increased crop diversity due to an improvement of land capability by irrigation and

drainage and improved access to seeds and markets; Increased livestock productivity thanks to increased availability of crop residue and

development of irrigated fodder crops; Increased and stabilised household incomes from agriculturally related goods and

services – and associated local employment including for scheme operation and maintenance;

Improved institutional capacity of government organizations responsible for water management and agricultural development at local levels;

Improved road access with many associated benefits; Social development particularly due to the establishment and operation of

democratic, gender sensitive and transparent water management organizations at different levels

Reduced impacts from flooding; Incidences of water-borne diseases malaria are likely to reduce following

introduction of irrigation systems into the area, they shall help to drain excess water; Increased water supply and reliability; Improved on-farm productivity; Improved financial returns from farming; Longer-term food security; Better nutrition.

Furthermore, during construction period there could be both short-term and long term opportunities and benefits such as requirement of labour workforce; and contractual opportunities in the provision of direct support services such as hiring of vehicles, canteen services, etc. The details of these potential opportunities for local communities will be finalised in the biding documents for contractors undertaking the works.

Negative Impacts of Proposed WorkThe assets inventory identified farm lands and the annual seasonal crops on them as the main asset impacted by the project. With regard to PAPs, a total number of 42,450 farmlands / farmers are identified as project affected. No PAP will lose his/her land. They will however be deprived access to Irrigation water for at most one farming season. This is anticipated to adversely affect their income and livelihood. However, mitigation measures have been identified to compensate for this temporary financial loss.

Mitigation MeasuresIn order to improve the livelihoods of PAPs or restore them to the pre-displacement levels as well as provide a safety net for all the PAPs and improve their livelihoods until they become self-sufficient and resilient to economic stresses as they were pre-project or even better, appropriate mitigation measures have been designed in this RAP for all PAPs. This includes for instance, the provision of compensation payment to all the PAPs for lost farming season. For the vulnerable, priority shall be given in all mitigation measures relating to them and stress to this group shall be avoided, especially where mitigation measures include physical preparation of sites is required.

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To adequately mitigate the negative impacts on the PAPs, the costs of the damage to assets have been considered by generating current market values and estimates for how much it would cost to replace or repair affected asset based on the replacement value; the amount sufficient to replace lost assets and cover transaction costs. Unit costs were largely calculated using information from the local markets. A Register has been prepared for the PAPs with regard to their losses and compensation. The mitigation measures will be delivered to the PAPs before start of civil works at any of the sectors.

Other mitigation measures are plans to carry out the civil works in phases sector by sector in order to ensure that affected farmers in any sector lose at most one farming season.

Project Impact and Compensation Eligibility PAPs eligible for compensation shall be those who experience loss of their assets or livelihoods as a result of the proposed irrigation scheme rehabilitation works as shown in table (1).

During the rehabilitation works, no houses, schools, mosques or markets will be affected by this redevelopment as these have all been excluded from the design however three (3) demarcated makeshift praying areas within the 5meter besides the collector drains in some sectors may be affected and some palm fronds resting area. No family will lose part of their agricultural land. If however there are crops in their fields that are not yet mature for harvest as of the time of civil works commencement that will be affected, these families will be compensated for the un-harvested crops. The rehabilitation works of the scheme is estimated to last 3-4 years, to be executed in phases; sector by sector. In the scheme, farmers cultivate during both raining and dry season. Their raining season cultivation will not be disturbed as work will focus on the drainages and canals. However, during the dry season period, some farmers will suffer temporary losses as a result of the rehabilitation work (due to inability to irrigate). These losses, which vary from sector to sector will be compensated for.

Table 1: Entitlement Matrix.Types of losses

Eligibility Compensation strategy Other measures

Loss of land

Title holder, lease holder, tenants, squatters and other occupants using the land

Provision of compensation alternatives to enable the PAPs to choose the best (cash or in kind compensation)

Resettlement assistance

Loss of business

Business owners Payment of anticipated profit for period of relocation. Replacement compensation for assets which cannot be moved

Provide travelling allowance based on the nature of the business

Loss of crops and trees

All owners of crops and trees

Cash compensation for lost crops and trees

Provide assistance with accessing farming inputs (seeds)

Loss of wage All employees who Ensure transfer of Provision of transition Page xliii of clxxv

labour lose their jobs as a result of project construction activities

jobs/identification of similar jobs

allowance for the intermediate period)

Special assistance for vulnerable groups:Vulnerable persons among the project affected persons (PAP) will be identified and special assistance offered during the compensation implementation process. Criteria includes age-above65 years, physical/mental disability, female-headed households, widows, orphaned children and bedridden or seriously sick persons.Loss of communal natural resources

Forest and water sources

Ensure access to equivalent resources or restore these in the new settlement area

Provide the supportive allowance until natural resource livelihood is restored

Loss of communal grazing land

Communal and private land

Relocate other grazing places around the new resettlement area

Relocate other grazing places around the new resettlement area

All PAPs must be given opportunity to harvest all their present crops in 2017 before civil works commences. In the event that work exceeds 5 meters setback in any sector, compensation must be paid for all assets affected.

Resettlement of PAPs and Livelihood RestorationThe PAPs were informed of the different mitigation measures/compensation package, resettlement assistance, and livelihood improvement options available to them and shall be given the opportunity to express their preferences during operation. This preference resettlement planning is part of a development approach that aims to ensure that the PAPs are able to reconstruct their production bases and become self-sustaining, at least to pre-work level. The PAPs have agreed to support the project and also accept the various resettlement benefits which are to be provided to improve their means of livelihood or restore it to pre‐impact status.

Public ParticipationPublic participation in this RAP include consultations and communications. The consultation included a two-way process in which ideas about the project and concerns of stakeholders and the project designers were shared and considered mutually by affected populations and other stakeholders. Communication included the dissemination of information of project activities to the concerned public and other relevant issues.

Relevant stakeholders, namely relevant local government officials, Community leaders and other opinion leaders in the communities, PAPs and other individual people and special interest groups such as CBOs/trade unions, etc., were met. At the meetings the overview of the project and appreciation of RAP and other related information were presented to the stakeholders.

Furthermore, during consultation, the displaced persons and community members were provided information and consulted on resettlement options available to them, and offered opportunities to participate in planning, implementing, and monitoring resettlement as well the grievance redress mechanism. Thus, the PAPs specifically were told that they have the opportunity to air their concerns and suggestions which will be incorporated to the extent possible in project design and implementation of this RAP. They were made aware of their

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rights, which include compensation for impacts and alternatives – even if they are willing to give up land, assets and or livelihood in the general public interest. They also discussed their concerns and views about the intervention work. It was also emphasized that compensation will only be for those who are affected in the course of the proposed rehabilitation work. Furthermore, the stakeholders were informed of the need to make available qualified local labour during the works as may be requested by the contractor through the community leaders. Directly affected local PAPs will be given priority for this employment.

RAP Coordination and Implementation The implementation of the RAP shall require close collaboration among all the stakeholders with a mutual understanding reached at the beginning of implementation phase. The institutional arrangement has been reasonably designed to involve all relevant Stakeholders, with the TRIMING Project PMU providing overall oversight. The KRIS project office (HJRBDA) will ensure that this RAP is satisfactorily implemented. Also a RAP Implementation Committee (RIC) made up of representatives of the local farmers, local communities, traditional leaders/ Village head, KRIS project manager and representatives of WUA shall lead the RAP implementation with support from the Social Safeguard Specialist of the TRIMING to ensure adequate handling of the resettlement issues.

Before the commencement of work, the Resettlement Implementation Committee (RIC) will be set up with the participation of the main stakeholders (HJRBDA, Sector WUA, local leaders, TRIMING). The RIC will liaise with, and receive the work plan for the upcoming 6 months from the contractor as validated by the supervising engineer. The committee will meet twice per year to review this work plan to determine who will be affected by the project for payment, in addition to coordinating the activities of the RAP implementation. The RIC committee will meet specifically in:

May/June the first year to evaluate works to be carried out during the dry season and determine the farmers to be affected during the works of November to May in the rehabilitation area. 

Furthermore, the committee will also meet every 6 months to re-evaluate farmers’ compensation in line with current inflation and scale up the compensation sum in line with existing inflation rate.

The committee will develop a list of People Affected by the Project (PAPs) from the RAP report during its meeting. This list will be disseminated and made public at the HJRBDA and Sector-WUA level as well as by radio and other means to ensure transparency of the project so that all farmers would know 3 months in advance if the works of the upcoming year will impact their farms or not.

This list will be made public at the scheme, with copies posted at the relevant village, sites, HJRBDA and communities through radio, KRIS project office, town criers etc. After disclosure, a simple “PAP form” (Annex 7.0) will be distributed to each impacted farmer through the respective WUA sector leader to be completed by each PAP. The completed form will be signed by the project manager (HJRBDA), the Sector-WUA representative and the traditional leaders. Once the form is filled, the TRIMING Scheme Safeguards Officer with

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support from the HJRBDA will assist PAPs who cannot read or write and also ensure that the forms are properly filled and signed. The completed form with each PAP’s passport affixed will be presented for final validation at the point of compensation payment. Upon handing over of compensation to each farmer unit by unit, his/her picture would be taken for record purpose. Once all the PAPs of each unit and sector are compensated, TRIMING will inform the WB of the completion of compensation payment to all PAPs in that particular sector.

No civil works contracts for the proposed rehabilitation work shall be initiated unless land free of any impediment is made available. The major component tasks and schedule for the RAP implementation have been developed in the RAP.

Strengthening Organizational CapabilityBased on the interaction with the relevant stakeholders, assessment and determination of the characteristics of all PAPs, valuation of assets to be compensated as well as the assessment of the institutional capacities of the different parties involved in the RAP implementation, areas of awareness creation and training/capacity building have been identified and budgeted for as indicated in Table 3.

Table 2: Major Component Tasks and Schedule for the RAP Implementation Activities 2017 2018 Remarks

MA AP MY AU SE OC MA AU SE OC NO DE

Disclosure of RAP

Feb./ Mar. 2017

Inauguration of RIC

April 2017

RIC Compiles list of PAPs

May, 2017

Disbursement of Compensation assistance and any other Supplementary assistance.

Aug./ Sept. 2017

Follow up on compensation payment to PAPs by RIC/PMU

Sept. 2017

Rehabilitation/Civil Works for the dry season– Commencement of project

Oct. 2017

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operations.RIC Compiles list of PAPs

Mar, 2018

Disbursement of Compensation and any other Supplementary assistance.

Aug. /Sept., 2018

Follow up on compensation payment to PAPs by RIC/PMU

Sept., 2018

Rehabilitation/Civil Works – Commencement of project operations.

Oct, 2018

Income Restoration Assessment

On going

Footnote: The timeline drawn above is based on summary of consultations with farmers and from the 5th ISM Aid Memoir. It is specifically for the rehabilitation works envisaged for the dry season period when rain fed farming will not be available to affected farmers.

Payment ScheduleFor the rehabilitation works scheduled to commence during the dry season (November – May), the affected farmers shall be compensated in August-September, two months before the commencement of the dry season works.

Given the entitlement payment entails a large number of fairly small amounts of money (approximately 42 US$ )every six months, it was decided that the payment should be made through a commercial bank, unit by unit according to each farmer’s hydrological boundary at locations to be determined by the RIC during their meeting. This location shall be communicated to all farmers ahead of compensation payment date. Bearing in mind that many of the PAPs do not have bank accounts, a series of financial literacy workshops will be delivered in order to ensure that people are able to maximise their compensation wisely.  In compliance with World Bank safeguards, farmers must be compensated before works start.

Findings from this RAP revealed that an average land tenure arrangement in the scheme is 0.40ha per family, therefore, the compensation payment would be on average of ₦13,000 (0.4ha) per season (approximately 42 US$ per season). These sums have been calculated on a

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full replacement basis, which means that the amount paid to farmers will be sufficient for their livelihood for the entire season.

In the course of implementing this RAP, special attention shall be given to vulnerable individuals and households such as the elderly, widows, people living with disability deaf farmer and other handicapped farmer among the PAPs. The PAP form of payment of each PAP and his/her photograph will be kept by the TRIMING project office, the representative of the commercial bank dispensing the cash and the KRIS project office.

Budget Estimate The total cost implication for the implementation at the present calculated costs for the RAP is ₦481,199,176.70 (USD $1,527,616.43@ N315 per USD$1) only as shown in Table 3. This sum is expected to cover compensation assets affected and additional mitigations for livelihood restoration measures, coordination of additional mitigations, grievance management and compensation commission. In addition, a provision of 10% of this total budget for contingencies such as inflation that shall be allowed and added to the current budget.

Table 3: Budget Estimate for the RAP Implementation

S/N ITEM COST (NAIRA)

Total (NAIRA)

A Compensation for A1 Land N/AA2 Agricultural resources 425,516,337A3 (3nos) Makeshift Praying Area 45,820 x 3 137,460.00A4 (10nos)wooden ( Resting area) 25,000 x 10 250,000.00A5 (5nos)Palm fronds Structures 10,000 x 5 50,000.00

Sub-total 425,953,797.00B ADDITIONAL MITIGATIONSB1 Grievance management 2,000,000.00

Sub-total 2,000,000.00C IMPLEMENTATION COSTSC1 Compensation Commission witness 1,500,000.00C2 Capacity building/Institutional Strengthening 1,500,000.00C3 Disclosure 500,000.00C4 Counseling of the Vulnerable and subsequent

monitoring of PAPs2,000,000.00

C5 Logistic 4,000,000.00Sub-total 11,500,000.00

D Total 437453,797.00E + Contingencies 10% 43,745,379.70F Grand total 481,199,176.70

@ N315 to 1$ equivalent ($1,527,616.43)*Allow farmers to harvest their crops before civil works for the project to reduce the cost*cost of economic trees is not included because the economic trees are more of perennials and will not be cut off within the farms, therefore will not be affected.

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During consultation with the design consultant and the KRIS project team, it was suggested that work commence on smaller sectors before the bigger sectors, as the prompt delivery of rehabilitated smaller sectors will elicit cooperation from other (bigger)sectors seeing the improvement in the rehabilitated sectors.

TRIMING Project is the source of funds for the payment of the necessary compensations and mitigation measures and overall implementation of the RAP.

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Table 4: Suggested KRIS Rehabilitation Work Plan

YEAR COMPLETED. SECTORS

Ha BUDGET (₦) US$ UNCOMPLETED.SECTORS

Ha BUDGET (₦) US$

5. CirinShiyeKodeYuriKulumaRugaYakasiaKarfiTsauniMakworo Kosawa

2,991.29 97,230,194.00 308,667.28 Makunturi 288.89 9388855.00 29,805.89

6. TsanbankiLauteyeTurbaUngwa RimiKorawaBunkure ABunkure BPakoDaliliM. GabasMajaboButalawaGori NorthGori SouthRakauna

3,000.17 97509692.00 309,554.58 Dambala 205.65 6683585.00 21,217.73

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MauraAzore I & II

7. BengazaWaireYantomoBarnawaGayereSamawaKore

3,139.34 102,030,792.00 323907.28 Unguwar Rimi B 154.74 5028645.00 15,963.95

8. KadawaDorawaGafanAgolasYadakwariRajeAgalawa

3,311.98 107,644,574.00 341728.81

SUB TOTAL

  12,442.78 404,415,252.00 1,283,857.94   649.28 21,101,085.00 66,987.57

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Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)Disputes and grievances are common occurrences in any human organization as such this is expected in the project. However, precise the RAP is implemented, it is believed that some project affected persons are likely to feel inadequately treated during the implementation of this RAP. In this regard, a well-structured and culturally appropriate Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) has been developed. The grievance redress mechanism is aimed at reducing problems and complexities during implementation.

The GRM process was developed out of extensive consultation with all potential project affected persons, during which affected persons were informed of the provisions under the RAP for addressing any complaint, grievance or dispute arising from the RAP implementation in a transparent, credible and culturally acceptable manner. The grievance redress mechanism is localized with active involvement of traditional rulers, WUA leadership, KRIS project and women leaders. It provides a cost effective, affordable and accessible third party settlement of grievance, dispute or complaints.

Grievance Redress ProcessThe grievance redress process has been simplified to ensure accessibility to all PAPs. All grievances will be screened and assessed for possible solution approach before implementing the solution. The first point of call for resolving grievance is at the unit level (contact person). If redress at this level fails, the sector level (contact person) will intervene to resolve it. If resolution is achieved at this level, the grievance case will be closed. If not, it shall be referred to the scheme level social and social safeguard officer who then decides where the case should go for resolution. The judiciary will be the last resort if all the above processes fail.

Management of Reported GrievanceAn aggrieved PAP files his/her complaint at the corresponding level (unit WUA and Sector WUA) verbally, in writing, by telephone call or SMS to the publicized relevant applicable phone number at each level. Written complaint will be signed and dated in a complaint log book. In the same manner, records of all telephone/ informal complaints shall also be kept. TRIMING scheme level social safeguard officer, supported by the WUA representative and KRIS project team will ensure the correctness of the complaint / grievance and also ensure resolution is reached. The scheme level social and environmental officer will write on behalf of aggrieved PAPs who cannot write. This will be signed / thumb printed by the aggrieved PAP.

Grievance Log and Response TimeRedress process starts upon the receipt and registration of grievance/ complaint at the applicable uptake level (unit/sector). If redress is not achieved at these levels, an aggrieved PAP is free to seek further redress. In this regard, a grievance redress form will be filled by the aggrieved PAP, which must contain all information regarding the complaint and the complainant. As a last step after the social safeguard officer, this will be presented to the TRIMING PMU (Project Coordinator) for deliberation and resolution. The response time for each complaint/ grievance will depend on the issue to be addressed. However, all complaint/ grievance should be acted upon within 10 working days. All information regarding the complaint, complainant, response time and resolution shall be uploaded into the project database.

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Monitoring and evaluation In addition to uploading information regarding complaint in the project database, the scheme level social safeguard officer will keep weekly record/report of all complaints, status of the complaints and any outstanding issue requiring attention. This will also be shared with the scheme level M&E officer for monitoring. Generally, the monitoring and evaluation of the RAP will be a continuous process and TRIMING shall play a key role in reporting the progress of implementation as well as compliance to the World Bank policy.

Disclosure After clearance from The World Bank, the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) will be publicly disclosed in Nigeria, in both English and Hausa (executive summary) and on the World Bank Infoshop.

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CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION

1.0 BackgroundThe International Development Agency (IDA) has approved a credit facility for the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) towards the cost of Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria (TRIMING) Projects. The improved performance of irrigation and water resources infrastructure and institution for higher agricultural productivity in selected irrigation schemes in Northern Nigeria is the primary aim of TRIMING project.

The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to improve access to irrigation and drainage services and to strengthen institutional arrangements for integrated water resources management and agriculture service delivery in selected large-scale public schemes in Northern Nigeria. Kano River Irrigation scheme is one of such schemes.

The project consists of four (4) components namely: Water Resources Management and Dam Operation Improvement; Irrigation Development and Management; Enhance Agricultural Productivity and Support Value Chains Development; and Institutional Development and Project Management.

The Water Resources Management and Dam Operation Improvement component of the project is part of the piloting support for the transformative water resources sector institutional reforms covering policies, enabling legislation, regulatory instruments, organizational restructuring and dam safety assessment procedures currently being formulated for enactment by the FGN. It has two components which include support to Integrated Water Resource Management and subcomponent and Dam Operations Improvement and Safety.

The second component of the project which is Irrigation Development and Management seeks to effectively make use of the sunk costs invested in the existing schemes and the capacities built over the years, the Project will focus on rehabilitating these schemes. This component also has two subcomponents namely Irrigation support Infrastructure which will support rehabilitation of about 13,000 ha to improve the performance of the irrigation area in downstream of the existing storage reservoirs and subcomponent 2 which is aims to improve Irrigation Management, involve the implementation of a progressive management transfer to users’ regulated bodies in the form of Water Users Associations (WUAs) and to autonomous professional operators, either public or private.

The third component of the project is to Enhance Agricultural Productivity and Support Value Chains Development. This Component will provide resources to enhance farmers’ productivity in the rehabilitated schemes, and improve their participation in the value chains development. The component will put a specific focus on value chain management and capacity building for improved job opportunities through promotion of small and medium-size local entrepreneurs, and inclusion of youth and women in project activities clustered around two sub-components- Support to Agricultural Productivity and Market Linkages; and Support to Innovation and Research / Development.

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The fourth component of the project which is Institutional Development and Project Management will provide support to the building of capacity in the irrigation and water resources sector management in general and to the key project actors in particular. The project will also work towards the creation of inclusive and accountable management of the sector and, finally, the evidence based monitoring of the roll out of these pilots so that appropriate adoptions can be made and lessons for scale up generated. It will also support the following two subcomponents – Institutional development and Governance; and Project Management and Monitoring & Evaluation (M & E).

1.1 Need for Resettlement Action PlanTo improve the irrigation services in the Kano River Irrigation Scheme (KRIS) significant rehabilitation works on the irrigation infrastructure is required which might lead to the physical displacement of people and the disruption of their livelihoods.

A review of the feasibilities studies conducted to assess the current conditions of the irrigation and drainage infrastructures in the KRIS reveal that the old irrigation sectors have surpassed their end of lifetime since 10 to 15 years or even longer and are in urgent need of rehabilitation. Construction contracts in the KRIS for completion of sectors that were not completed under earlier contracts halted in 2008 (KRIS), leaving large parts of the works again unfinished and works for six large sectors in KRIS had not even started.

The literature review reveals that recently completed works are showing deficiencies, for example in land leveling and too high levels of irrigation field turn outs which render the fields difficult to irrigate. Another finding is that the cultivated area being irrigated in the dry season is far below the once completed command areas. On average over the past three to four years the actually irrigated area is some 36%.

The Policy of the World Bank (WB) is to ensure that persons involuntarily resettled caused by the taking of land in the context of a project supported by the Bank, have an opportunity to restore or improve their level of living to at least the pre-project level or better off. Project affected people should participate in the benefits of the project and they should be given options regarding how they restore or improve their previous level of living in accordance with World Bank Operational Policy on Involuntary Resettlement (OP4.12) or performance standard 5 of the WB.

In the TRIMING project, it is not sufficient for communities to passively accept project works and the impacts of these works. Rather they must be mobilized to contribute actively to project design and implementation and to maintain the works following implementation. This feature underscores the need for accurate analysis of local social organization with a view to ensuring social inclusion in project implementation.

As such those affected by this loss will need to be resettled and compensated. This is why a RAP is required.

Where a project involves the displacement of 200 people or more, a full Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) is required but when it involves fewer than 200 people, an Abbreviated

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Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP) is required. In the KRIS project, a full resettlement action plan RAP would be required.

Thus, the RAP being prepared shall specify the procedures to follow and the actions to take to properly resettle and compensate affected people and communities. The RAP shall identify the full range of people affected by the project and justify their displacement after consideration of alternatives that would minimize or avoid displacement.

1.2 Aim and Objectives of the RAPThe aim of the RAP is to identify and assess the human impact of the proposed works on the Kano River Irrigation Project, This RAP prepared by TRIMING project serves as a document that outlines how the resettlement will be managed to fulfill the objectives of WB OP 4.12 which includes the identification of the impacts, types and levels of compensation and other measures based on the value of assets that will be lost and includes action plan for allocating compensation and budget for implementation etc.

This RAP is a document prepared by the TRIMING project for the resettlement of the affected people and communities, specifying the procedures it will follow and the actions it will take to properly resettle and compensate affected people and communities.

Specifically, the Objectives of the RAP for KRIS are to:

● Identify the full range of people affected by the project and justify their displacement after consideration of alternatives that would minimize or avoid displacement and;

● Prepare an Action Plan to be implemented to properly resettle and compensate affected people and communities in line with World Bank Policy and Nigeria policies and laws To ensure a fair and transparent process of compensation and resettlement;

● Conducting consultations with identified project affected persons (PAPs), based on the census of the affected sites;

● Ensure a sound mitigation plan for those whose farmland will temporarily be affected as a result of the TRIMING project.

1.3 Scope and Task of the RAP

● Description of the project: General description of the project and affected project areas.

● Map: Produce map to delineate households, farm plots Trees and economic crops within the project area

● Potential Impacts: Identification of the: (i) components or activities that require resettlement or restriction of access; (ii) zone of impact of components or activities; (iii) alternatives considered to avoid or minimize resettlement or restricted access; and (iv) mechanisms established to minimize resettlement, displacement, and restricted access, to the extent possible, during project implementation. (v) number of people to be affected

● Socio-economic studies: Socio-economic studies to be conducted with the involvement of potentially affected people

● Legal framework, eligibility, entitlement● Valuation of affected assets and compensation for losses● RAP implementation responsibility and implementation schedule● Cost and budget for the RAP

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● Grievance Redress process● Capacity Building and Monitoring and Evaluation.

1.4 Guiding Principles for the RAPIn order to ensure that the RAP fulfills the World Bank’s Policy OP4.12 and the Nigerian legislation, the following provided the guiding principles:

Resettlement must be avoided or minimized Genuine consultation must take place Establishment of a pre-resettlement baseline data Assistance in relocation must be made available where applicable A fair and equitable set of compensation options must be negotiated Resettlement must take place as a development opportunity that ensures that PAPs

benefit Vulnerable social groups must be specifically catered for Resettlement must be seen as an upfront project cost An independent monitoring and grievance procedure must be in place World Bank’s Operational Procedure on forced Resettlement must apply

1.5 Approach/Methodology of RAP PreparationThe phases for preparing the proposed RAP include: Literature review; Public Consultation, Data Gathering/ Census Identification of potential impacts; e.g. for baseline conditions, institutional arrangement, capacity, etc. are outlined in Table 1.1

Table1.1: Phases for Preparing the RAPS/No

Phase Activity

RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN PREPARATION1 Literature and

Policy/Legal Review

Obtain the project RPF, ESMF, ESIA and design for the project from the client.

Obtain the Project Implementation Management Manual for the Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria Project, August 2016

Obtain the Project Appraisal Document Obtain and review maps and proposed design layout covering the

project area to better understand the project route. Develop data gathering Instrument and Checklist in preparation for

detailed field survey Initial Consultation

2 Field Investigation and Data Collection

Reconnaissance Survey/visits to sites between August 30th – 5th

September, 2016 Commence definitive field investigation Socioeconomic Survey of activities on the sites Census of Affected properties and Businesses Consultation and focus group discussions; This included interactions

with government authorities at national, state and local government level (Kura, Bunkure and Garun-Mallam local governments), traditional leaders in all the communities within the KRIS scheme,

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Water Users Associations (WUA’s), Hadeja Jama’are River Basin Authority, Herders, with representatives of relevant institutions and relevant MDAs, e.g. Ministries of Environment, Land and Survey, and other relevant private/individual/CBO organizations and with PAPs

Land surveys to determine the proportion of land acquired from each PAP

Census of the project sites in relation to number of various features affected, affected structures, displaced persons, infrastructural facilities affected etc.

Valuation Field data quality check will be carried out on return from the field

to ensure consistency and elimination of errors before data entry commences.

Data entry and processing3 Analysis of

Social Data Assess data from the field instrument against the checklist. Census and asset inventory assets/ cut-off date. Calculation of compensation rates/values Findings and Recommendations from analysis

4 RAP preparation

Identification of impacts Develop entitlement matrix and eligibility criteria for compensation. Design mitigation and management plans Development of RAP Implementation process and Schedule

IMPLEMENTING THE RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN1 Getting Ready

for Implementation

Draw up RAP implementation plan with budget and timeline Identification and provision of adequate PMU staff to participate at

the various implementation stages when necessary Training for key project staff and all staff working in the

resettlement implementation agency on key features of the resettlement plan.

Activation of implementation coordination mechanisms Continue consultations with displaced persons Update census and socio-economic surveys, if necessary.

2 Payment of Compensation

Payment of compensation through the following process: Pay compensation to PAPs. Inform all households’ members about compensation payments. Offer of resettlement sites for occupation by PAPs. Offer of jobs, if provision of alternative employment is part of the

resettlement package. Offer of training, seed capital, credit, and other agreed entitlements,

if the resettlement package includes assistance for self-employment, Payment of cash compensation for economic rehabilitation, if a cash

option is selected Prepare and submit RAP implementation report

3 Monitoring and Evaluation

Finalization of internal and external monitoring arrangements Establishment of systematic tabling of the results of internal and external

monitoring implementation, monitoring, supervision, and evaluation, etc.4 Grievance Activate and ensure adequacy in use of mechanism in the RAP with regard

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Redress to procedures for handling grievances 5 Documentation Development of relevant documents for implementation, monitoring

grievance redress, etc. 1.6 Avoidance / Minimization of Resettlement Measures to avoid or minimize displacement in the course of, Rehabilitation Works for the Main Canal and Associated Structures in the KRIS are:

● Altering alignments and technical designs to be within the 5metres setback on the existing structures ROW to avoid displacement as much as possible.

● Precise scheduling of construction to secure access to farming business and customers● Precise scheduling of construction to secure access to water Treatment plant at

Challawa Gorge dam● Pre-construction community meetings and adequate notification● Adequate stakeholder engagement;● Integration of communities/settlements into project design;● Creation of watering points for cattle within the setbacks zone on the KRIS. ● Ensure reliable water resources without creating major conflict with other users and

uses; ● Hands on social monitoring and supervision as the project impacted on the Irrigation

scheme mainly.

1.7 Design / Rehabilitation CriteriaThe proposed TRIMING project intervention in the KRIS scheme involves the rehabilitation of existing irrigation structures, hence the original design concept, system layout, location of structures and sector coding system were retained. The scheme rehabilitation selection criteria were:

Availability of land/soil suitable for gravity command; Size of 2,000 ha/scheme or above to avoid fragmentation; Reliable water resources without creating major conflict with other users and uses; Farmer occupier land tenure system preferred; Schemes not involving significant resettlement with only minor land acquisition in

connection with irrigation infrastructures.

1.7.1 LayoutThe layout in KRIS consist of a system of primary canals (Main Canal and three Branch Canals) transports the water from the Tiga reservoir to and through the irrigable areas. The primary canals then feed a system of secondary canals (Lateral Canals ‘LCs’ and Distributary Canals ‘DCs’) which in turn distribute the water effectively throughout the irrigable areas. The secondary canals will feed the tertiary canals (Field Channels) which run along the individual farmer’s plot.

1.7.2 Rehabilitation worksIn KRIS, the Lateral Canals and Sub-Lateral Canals (LCs and Sub LCs) have concrete lining, but most Distributary Canals (DCs) have clay lining, with exception of sectors developed in 2003 – 2008. In the sectors under consideration for rehabilitation by TRIMING in KRIS, it has been proposed that all secondary canals (LCs and DCs) previously unlined or clay lined will be reconstructed with concrete lining.

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1.7.3 Consideration for cattle herdersLivestock production is an integral part of the farming systems of the people of KRIS. The livestock production system is generally traditional and is characterized by a reliance on natural pastures, crop residues and by-products of cereals processing for the sustenance of livestock productivity. Therefore, Cattle traverse the entire irrigation scheme area and this practice it appears has come to stay.

In order to minimize the constraints, damages to infrastructures and conflict which often arise in the scheme areas, surrounding watering points and crossings have been included in the proposed design with feedback from stakeholders. In the new design, unlike what is currently obtained, cattle herds would not need to access the canals to drink water. The troughs will be located some meters away from the canals. The perimeter roads along the collector drains and around the sectors are delineated as cattle routes and provision for the installation of signpost in the scheme have been made in the rehabilitation Bill of Quantity.

1.7.4 Roads and Pedestrian CrossingLaterite service roads were constructed along all primary and secondary (branch, lateral and distributary) canals. These roads are used for the operation and maintenance of the irrigation systems, but they also serve the rural areas. These roads are in poor conditions presently. Most sections have eroded, surfaces undulating, and ponding during rainy season. These roads will also be rehabilitated under TRIMING intervention.

Considering these service roads run along the irrigation side of the canals to provide easy access for the community and for O&M operation, pedestrian / canal crossing has been provided at an average of 2km apart across the canals.

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1.8 RAP Reporting FormatThis RAP consists of the following chapters:

Chapter One General BackgroundChapter Two Project Components and Description of Project LocationChapter Three Census and Socio-Economic SurveyChapter Four Impact of the ProjectChapter Five Existing Legal FrameworkChapter Six Valuation and Compensation and Other Resettlement AssistanceChapter Seven Public Participation and ConsultationsChapter Eight RAP Implementation - Institutional ArrangementChapter Nine Grievance Redress Mechanisms Chapter Ten Monitoring and Evaluation

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CHAPTER TWODESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

2.0 Project AreaThe Kano River Irrigation Scheme(KRIS), lies between latitude 11045` and 12005` North of the equator and longitude 08045` and 09005` East of the Greenwich mean. It is located at a vast area over 25km south of Kano city and it is essentially most of irrigable land both sides of the Kano Zaria highway and on both sides of the Karfi – Rano highway as indicated by figure 2.1. It is a scheme designed to provide irrigation facilities for about 22,000 hectares of land utilizing water release from the Tiga dam (via the Ruwan Kanya reservoir).

Figure 2. 1: KRIS Project Map in Kano State Context

The Kano River Irrigation Scheme (KRIS) development which started in the early 1970s with a planned area of 22,000 ha was planned to be implemented in phases. In phase 1 of the project, 13,227 ha have been implemented in various stages till 2008. When completed, KRIS will consist of 50 sectors which vary in size, from the smallest of 28 ha to the largest of 2,343 ha.

Twelve sectors are smaller than 100 ha, while four sectors are larger than 1,000 ha.

The following comprise KRIS system:

Tiga Dam and Reservoir; Page 9 of 175

Main Canal system - including the Ruwan Kanya Dam and Reservoir; East Branch Canal system with 14 sectors (has 11 constructed and 3 unfinished

sectors); Gayere Branch Canal system with 3 sectors, and West Branch Canal system with 29 sectors (has 27 constructed sectors).

The KRIS system according to the feasibility study comprises the Tiga Dam, Ruwan Kanyan reservoir, the Main Canal system (MC1 and MC2), the East Branch Canal system (with 14 sectors), the Ganyere Branch Canal (3 sectors) and the West Branch Canal system (with 29 sectors) and the field channels systems which irrigate the farmlands. These irrigate areas located in seven Local Government Areas in Kano state namely, Tudun Wadan, Rano, Bebeji, Dawakin Kudu, Garum Mallam, Bunkure and Kura. The scheme (Farmlands) where the TRIMING rehabilitation civil works of irrigation infrastructure are proposed is however located in the three local Government Areas (LGA) of Garum Mallam, Bunkure and Kura southwest of Kano city.

Figure 2. 2: Kano River Irrigation Scheme Project Area

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2.0.1 Tiga Dam

The Tiga Dam is an earth dam, designed and built within 1970 to 1974. The dam reservoir surface area according to the Tiga dam manager is about 18,900 ha with a structural height of 48 m, hydraulic height of 42.68 m and an active storage capacity of 1,845 million m 3 at full supply level. It lies across the Kano River, the main tributary of the Hadejia River. Water from the dam supplies the Kano River Irrigation Project. However, reduction in the reservoir capacity due to sedimentation since its construction has not been assessed.

2.0.2 Ruwan Kanya Reservoir

The Ruwan Kanya Reservoir is a 3.66 km long earth filled dam with storage capacity of 58million cubic meters of water which serve as a complimentary reservoir to the Tiga dam. It is located at about 5.1 km downstream of the Tiga Dam. According to the feasibility study, water release from the Tiga Dam through the Main Canal 1 (MC1) is transmitted into the Ruwan Kanyan reservoir and subsequently released to the irrigation sectors through the Main Canal 2 (MC2).

The idea behind operating this reservoir is to provide sufficient irrigation to the irrigation area by reducing the transit time as well as guarantee irrigation water supply in the event of emergency repairs on the Tiga Dam, which may require temporary closure. There are also night storage reservoirs (9Nos), which are used to store water at night to be released later in the day.

Figure 2. 3: Ruwan Kanya Reservoir

2.0.3 Challawa Gorge Dam and Reservoir

The Challawa Gorge Dam is located across the Challawa River with a maximum height of 42 m. The dam was completed in 1992 and is 7.804 km long. The reservoir has a surface area of about 100 km2 and a total storage capacity of about 930 million m3 out of which the active storage is about 904 million m3. The purpose of the reservoir is to store water for use at the Hadejia Valley Irrigation Project and water supply to Kano City and Wudil town; hence the water supply component is managed by the Hadejia Jama’are River Basin Development Authority. TRIMING intervention in this reservoir is limited to electromechanical structures.

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2.1 KRIS Irrigation and Infrastructures

Based on findings from interaction with the scheme management, the feasibility studies and ESIA report, the KRIS irrigation system was designed by NEDECO in the early seventies, during which construction also commenced. This was followed by three major contracts executed by NECCO (1980 to 1982), Taylor Woodrow (1982 to 1984) and Gilmore (2003 to 2008). All three (3) construction contracts were hampered by financing problems resulting in stoppage of the works and termination of contracts, leaving large parts of the works unfinished. Currently the TRIMING Project seeks to rehabilitate the scheme and also complete the uncompleted sectors.

2.2 Proposed Rehabilitation Works for the Main Canal and Associated StructuresThe proposed TRIMING Project intervention includes the rehabilitation work of the existing irrigation scheme and completion of the uncompleted sectors under KRIS. This intervention will bring the irrigation scheme to its full potential with consideration for other water users downstream of the irrigation scheme. Furthermore, the project investment will increase employment opportunity within the project area and also improve the livelihood of farmers.

The project area is divided into the East and the West branch sections by the Shimar River, which with the Kano River drains the project area. In addition three (3) sectors (591 ha) abstracts water directly from the Gayare Branch Canal. In the West Branch Canal region at present approximately 12,000 ha (28 Sectors) have been fully developed.

2.2.1 Main Canal

The Main canal (MC) is concrete lined at the off-take originating from the pump house at the dam gate. The Main canal is crossed by several culverts, foot and vehicular bridges. The MC1 originates from the Dam and terminates at the Ruwan Kanya reservoir from where MC2 takes off. Some section of the MC1 is stone pitched while the rest is earthen.

The works needed in the Main Canal comprise:

● Construction of a new cross regulator at the end of the first section of the Main Canal;● Construction of the sills in the Rano cross regulator and repairs of the gates;● Rehabilitation of the Ruwan Kanya Reservoir spillway (under the Dam Safety ● Component);● Reshaping of parts of service roads along the canal;● Repairs of damages in the canal lining; and● Purchase of a typha cutter (as part of more typha cutters needed for other project areas

and River Training Component), including training.

2.2.2 East Branch Canal (EBC)

The EBC has a length of 24.1 km; cross sections are of variable dimensions depending on the slope of the natural terrain. The canal crosses two small rivers by siphons. Upstream water level control that is required for the sector turn out is achieved by two long crested weirs (duckbill).

Proposed Rehabilitation Works for the East Branch Canal (EBC)

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● Repair of cracks along the EBC;● A cross regulator at the beginning of the EBC has never been constructed;● Some 3 km downstream of the off take from the MC2, on the Shimar River, the head

works for the EBC are located at Chikantina comprising a weir and scouring gates (under a bridge) and the EBC head works with three gates. Two of these gates cannot be operated at present and need to be serviced;

● Servicing of the scouring gates: The scouring gates are not operated and sediments in front of the EBC gates have built up and needs to be removed; and

● On the EBC a cross regulator together with a spillway needs to be constructed. Just downstream of the cross regulator a broad crested measuring weir is to be integrated in the regulator structure (similar to the one at the Garum Baba Head works for the WBC).Sediment removal/De-silting along the course of the EBC;

2.2.3 West Branch Canal (WBC)

The WBC starts at the Head Branch Canal Head works and has a length of 32 km. The dimensions of the canal vary depending on the natural terrain slope and the decreasing discharge from upstream to downstream as the various sectors are supplied water along the way. The canal is lined over its entire length with either concrete lining or rubble stone masonry (stone pitching).

Proposed Rehabilitation Works for the West Branch Canal (WBC:

● Repairs of the gates at the Garum Baba Head works; Sediment removal/De-silting along the course of the WBC;

● Repairs of damaged parts of the concrete lining of the WBC;● Extensive reconstruction of 1.5km of the WBC around the Bengaza, Waire and

Yantomo Sectors;● Repair of cracks along the WBC;● Repairs of cross regulators at the WBC;● Servicing of the scouring gates: The scouring gates are not operated and sediments in

front of the EBC gates have built up and needs to be removed.

2.2.4 The Gayere Branch Canal (GBC)

The GBC is 2.84km long. It takes off from the MC2 close to Garum Baba, about 1.5km upstream of the Rano regulator, the GBC serves three small sectors.

Proposed Rehabilitation Works for Gayere Branch Canal

Repairs of the concrete works and stilling basin needed Repair of degraded sections of the canal Reshaping and concrete lining of the GBC Repair of eroded canal embankments Rehabilitation and reshaping of service roads along the canals

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Figure 2. 4: Map Showing the Study Area

2.3 Potential Project ImpactsThe proposed rehabilitation work will have a huge positive impact on the socio economic life of the average farmer in the scheme and the KRIS project by upgrading the irrigation scheme to its full potential for sustainability. However, this intervention will equally come with some level of negative impact in the form of potential disruption of farming / irrigation activities during rehabilitation work (the mainstay of most locals within the project area) and loss of income / access to income generating activities.

The Project proposals being considered for KRIS under the TRIMING Project comprises of:

● Irrigation and drainage system rehabilitation and completion of uncompleted sectors; ● Strengthening of the WUAs to enable them to effectively take on lower level system

Operation Management and Maintenance (OMM) with a progressive transfer of bulk water supply as their capacity is built;

● Introduction of a private sector service provider to take on OMM of the water transport system from the dams to the WUAs, and

● Agribusiness development and support to enhance production, quality of production and improvements in the products’ and value chain development.

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2.3.1 Zone of Impact of Components or Activities

Going by the design and sector layout, the exact zone of impact of the civil work activities in the scheme cannot be easily determined, however, all rehabilitation work is limited to the existing scheme layout as indicated in table 2.1.

The KRIS was designed and built on the basis of water supply by gravity and irrigation during the day time, with night storage reservoirs for half of the command area. Water level and discharge control in KRIS is provided by broad or long crested weirs in the branch canals and by automatic gates in the DCs.

The existing field layouts, field canals, field drains, field tracks and Field Turn Outs (FTOs) locations cannot be changed and other higher level structures in the water distribution system are fixed and can also not been changed unless at very high costs. The water control system is not an issue; the issues are complete lack of scheme OMM, aggravated by Typha infestation in the canals and reservoirs. Hence, there is no scope for alternative scheme layouts or for new water distribution technology.

However, alternatives being proposed are for canal linings, water level control and for Typha control / removal since these aspects are at the core of the deterioration of the schemes.

In this regard potential impacts envisaged for the rehabilitation works are as follows:

● The zone of impact for the rehabilitation activities is envisaged to be within the 5metres set back from the edges of the existing structures.

● The site camp for equipment shall be carefully selected to avoid impacting on any social means of people.

● No land take of any individual or communal Structures among communities will be affected by the rehabilitation project given the rehabilitation work is confined to the irrigation scheme.

● Temporary disturbance as a result of proposed rehabilitation works to supply of water to farmers for irrigation

● Temporary access disturbance to farmers as a result of rehabilitation works● Ongoing fishing activities may be disturbed in the Tiga, Ruwan and Challawa Gorge

project areas.● Water intake from the Challawa gorge and the Kano river at the Tambuluwa treatment

plant may be affected● Rice, Millet, Tomato yields in a planting season may be affected.● Temporary disturbance of access to petty trader along the KRIS access routes in the

course of rehabilitation works.● The Project Affected Persons (PAPs) exceed 200.

Table2. 1: List of Sectors Proposed for Rehabilitation/Completion under TRIMING Project

Sector No Sectors Area (ha) Sector No Sector Area (ha)

01 Gayere 130 23 Dalili 66

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02 Dorawa 392 24 Butalawa 456

03 Barnawa 56 25 Majabo 146

04 Waire 180 26 Pako 137

05 Bangaza 289 27 Karfi 958

06 Yantomo 193 28 Kosawa 1134

07 Kadawa 722 29 Yakasai 373

08 Gafan 1080 30 Ruga 301

09 Agalawa 160 31 Shiye 28

10 Raje 133 32 Cirin 119

11 Yadakwari 76 33 Kode 98

12 Maura 287 34 Yuri 66

13 Kore 2343 35 Kuluma 147

14 Azore 370 36 Turba 134

15 Samawa 142 37 Tsanbanki 82

16 Gabas 123 38 Lauteye 353

17 Makwaro 34 39 Bunkure A 73

18 Agolas 1091 40 Bunkure B 79

19 Tsauni 41 41 Korawa 177

20 Rakauna 216 42 Ungwar Rimi

344

21 Gori South 88 43 Makunturi 329

22 Gori North 154 44 Dambala 414

2.3.2 Land Use Pattern in the Project Area

2.3.2.1 Agricultural Activities

The proposed KRIS rehabilitation area is utilized mainly for crop farming, animal grazing, and housing for the communities.

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The predominant land use in the study area is rain fed and irrigated agriculture and animal husbandry (see figure 2.5). There is significant practice of crop rotation of Sorghum - Millet - Cowpea in the rain fed areas.

In the irrigated areas the main wet season crops is rice, but maize is grown where there is inadequate irrigation (higher landscape) as shown in figure 2.5. Dry season crops are maize, wheat, pepper, tomato, cowpea, vegetables and onions.

Grain crops (especially rice) are grown both in the rainy and in the dry season. The importance of rice in the areas could be seen everywhere with the proliferation of rice processing plants. The paddy is harvested and sold to processors who process, bag and subsequently sell to the markets.

Figure 2. 5: Irrigated Rice Farms with Rice and Upland Maize Farms

2.3.2.2 Economic Activities in the Project Site

The economy of Kano state is driven by commerce, manufacturing and subsistence agriculture (including cattle rearing). The State as a whole has large scale industries specifically in the areas of tanneries, textiles, plastic, rubber, paper, leather, food and beverages among others.

However the project area of KRIS is mainly noted for agricultural commerce. The area is one of Nigeria’s most important agricultural regions and currently produces food and cash crops such as sorghum, rice, millet, groundnut, wheat, cowpeas, and vegetables under both rain-fed and irrigated farming. Findings from the feasibility studies revealed that the economic activities of more than 95% of the population around the KRIS area is mainly crop farming with a small percentage of less than 10% combines crop and livestock farming while about 2% of the population are civil servants.

Other activities include fishing and sand mining as in figure 2.6.

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Figure 2. 6: Sand Mining Activities

2.3.2.3 Activities of Pastoralist

Cattle herding constitutes a huge economic activity and livelihood for many of the Fulani herdsmen within the scheme. The quest for grazing, poor control and invasion of farm lands often lead to clash between farmers and herders. In order to reduce farmers herders conflict in the scheme, the TRIMING project have included in the design dedicated cattle routes and watering point for the cattle in the schemes.

Figure 2. 7: Livestock Farming

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2.3.4 Women Involvement in Farming

Culturally, seclusion is a common practice in the project area, however, women directly or indirectly participate in agriculture or agriculture related activities such as planting/sowing, weeding, harvesting, processing, packaging etc. Fig 2.9.

Figure 2. 8: Women in harvesting of Rice

Most women who own farm in the scheme often engage male counterpart to cultivate the field on their behalf. Most of these women are members of women’s organizations which are very strong in KRIS, but lack strong representation in the WUA membership. However, an all-inclusive participatory irrigation management requires input decision from women as well. Annex 2 has a summary of the women in farming concerns and needs.

Figure 2. 9: Women Participation in Consultation at Bunkure and Kura

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2.3.5 Land Tenure and ownership System

The land tenure and ownership system in operation in the project area can be described as operating on dual laws; the federal law otherwise known as the Land Use Act 1978 and the customary law. The customary law, which was in force in the northern Nigeria, vested land rights to the community or in the family. Ownership and management of land in many communities were governed by the customary law of the local community with its varying characteristics and peculiarities.

In the past, the government acquired some part of the land within the command area where the Dam and irrigation infrastructures are currently situated. Other undeveloped and farming areas not acquired by government are still under the traditional individual ownership, which is still very popular in the area with each landowner recognized by members of the community. According to the feasibility studies, more than 80% of the farmers own the land they cultivate with about 40% owning less than one ha.

2.4 Settlement and Governance StructureThe settlement patterns are mostly linear. Several of the communities have houses made of clay/mud materials. The Fulani’s and Hausa’s are the dominant ethnic group. At the village level, they have a well-established traditional leadership heritage known as village heads. Among the residents, the Emir is the apex traditional ruler but palace chiefs and Emirate council represent the Emir in the daily traditional governance in the communities. Table 2. 2 and 2.3 is a summary of communities in the West Sectors and East Sectors.

Figure2. 10: Migratory Fulani Settlement.

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Table2. 2: Villages around the West Sectors

S/N Name Of Sector Villages Around Sector1 Kadawa Kadawa, Chiromawa, Yantomo

2 Gafan Gafan, Makuntiri, Ungwar Kudu, Ungwar Rimi3 Agalawa Dorawar Sallau4 Rage Dorawar Sallau5 Yadakwari Yadakwari6 Maura Dan Maura7 Kore Dakasoye, Mudawa, Dauni, Guraza, Bugau, Kadani, Kadage,

Gajinjiri8 Azore Azore, Gidan Malamai, Yantudu9 Samawa Samawa Chiki10 M.Gabas Samawa Chiki11 Makwaro Makwaro12 Agolas Kura13 Tsauni Kura14 Rakauna Rakauna15 Gori North Rakauna16 Gori South Rakauna17 Dalili Kura18 Butalawa Butalawa, Katsinawa, Godar Aliyu, Godar, Danzaria, Dinka,

Rimi Kwarya19 Majabo Rimi Kwarya20 Pako Rigar Pako, Imawa, Rigar Duka

21 Yakasai Yakasai22 Dan Hassan Danhassan23 Kosawa Kosawa, Shan Kafi, Suwaira, Muleka

24 Karfi Karfi, Kirya, Kawa, Gawo

25 Riga Riga, Makaurata

Table2. 3: Villages around the East Sectors

S/N Names of Sectors Villages Around Sector1 Shinye Shinye, Karana, Kode, Jaraman, Baka, Gora2 Chirin Shinye, Kode, Gafan, Chirin, Barnawa

3 Kode Gidan Sarki Baka, Gidan Mahota, Gidan Dutse, Gidan Mai Ungwa, Gidan Mai Rimi

4 Yuri Gidan Mai Rimi, Ungwuar Ajuji, Dogon JejiKode, Sabon Gida, Chirin

5 Kuruma Dogon Jeji, Gidan Mai Rimi, Doguwar KanyaGidan Ajuji, Gunki,

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6 Turba Kokotawa, Tsambaki, Gunki, Lauteye, Gwamma

7 Lauteye Dorayi, Jamaa Laueye, Gunki, Gwamma, Kokotawa, Tsambaki, Zangon Buhari

8 Tsambaki Zango Kummai, Kawan, Gurigo, GwammaLauteye, Zango Buhari

9 Bunkure A Gwamma, Tugugu, Lauteye, Barkun, Kumuriya, Bono, Kasale, Kuri, Unguwar , Ragalawa, Bugaje

10 Bunkure B Gwamma, Mashaura, Tugugu, Ghdan, KajiPegin Sha, Zanya , Kulluma

12 Korawa Gidan Kaji, Dandagana, Sabon PegiGurijiya, Tugugu, Korawa

13 Ungwar Rimi Pegin Sha, Fakon, Mazana, Bukokki, FalingoDanbala

14 Kadawa North Yangajiri, Gidan Mallamai, Yantomo, Sabuwan Nassarawa, Bakin Gate

15 Kadawa South Kadawa Ciki, Garun Babba, Jamaran Baka,Yangajiri

16 Yantomo Kadawa17 Waire Yangajiri, Garun Babba, Yantomo, Jaraman , Baka

18 Bangaza Madefa, Hawan Ganji, Yantomo, Garun, Babban, Bangaza

19 Gayere Yangajiri, Jarambaka, Kadawa, Garunbaba

20 Dorawa Yangajiri, Jarambaka, Kadawa, Garunbaba

21 Barnawa Gidan Bugu, Gidan Zangi, Barnawa

2.5 Social Amenities in the KRIS AreaThere are schools located around the communities in the project area. Health centers are also located at Bunkure and Kura which most of the residents utilize. Several Mosques are also located in most of the communities in the area.

There is no pipe borne water. The people depend on the irrigation water for their cooking and other domestic uses. There is electricity supply in some of the communities while others depend on individual owned generators for electricity generation.Most of the buildings are made of earth materials for the walls and thatched grasses for the roofing with very few being made of concrete and aluminum roofing.

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2.6 Land Tenure and Ownership in KRISThe Farmer Occupier system is practiced in this scheme where the original land owner is allocated his/her ascertained holdings in an irrigable direction, less the percentage utilized for the essential infrastructure of the development (roads, canals, storage reservoirs, etc.). In the Kano River Irrigation Scheme (KRIS) Phase I, the percentage utilized for the infrastructure development is 10%.

Variations of this system include lease, loan, sharecropping, and inheritance; of these, the loan system is the most complex as the loan is usually for a particular irrigation season and for a particular crop that usually the farmer is not interested in cultivating. It is very dependent on the wishes of the land owner. For example if a farmer loan’s a plot to farm for a particular season, the land owner will request that the farmer plant certain crops (short duration crops) and give the timing so that his subsequent farming arrangement are not disrupted (FAO and FMWR, 2004).

The User Allocation tenure system is practiced in the schemes where the RBDA acting on behalf of the FGN acquires the scheme’s land, demarcates the land into irrigable plots or blocks and subsequently allocates the plots to interested farmers, usually on seasonal or annual basis.

Both the Farmer Occupier system and the User Allocation system are currently in practice in the schemes of the HJRBDA. The farmer occupier system at the Kano River Irrigation Scheme is being mixed up with the traditional customary land tenure practices and of major concern is the fragmentation of irrigation farm plots, particularly resultant of Islamic guidelines of sharing the assets of a farmer that passes on amongst his family.

The customary land tenure in the Hadejia Jama’Are River Basin Development Authority (HJRBDA) is dominated by the Shari’a law, which recognizes individual ownership. Generally in the North West zone where the KRIS is located, the community head (Village head) maintains control over land. Land is usually allocated by him to immigrants settling in the community and to resident’s families requiring land. Land only reverts to the community in the event of land been left fallow beyond a recognized number of years and on the death of an heirless farmer. Although in the past the tenurial system in the North West zone had some communal features, the pattern now is clearly individualization of land tenure. This is expressed in the considerable degree of permanency in the pattern of land holding. Moreover the traditional role of the Village head has been reduced to witnessing inheritance and transfer, which, thanks to the LUD, do not require his sanction.

2.7 Farm Governance According to the report of the feasibility study prepared by Royal Haskoning DHV, currently the HJRBDA is the responsible agency for operation and maintenance of the Tiga Dam, the Challawa Gorge Dam, the Ruwan Kanya Dam and the Hadejia Barrage as well as the irrigation scheme, KRIS. The HJRBDA has its headquarters in Kano, which is about 35 km away from KRIS.For scheme management the HJRBDA has zonal offices which are responsible for the irrigation management in the scheme but these do not cover the management of the dams and the Ruwan Kanya reserviour

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Certain management constraints are observed in the schemes. The Project Managers face a number of challenges that hamper the effective and efficient management of the schemes and these include:

Lack of sufficient budget for operation and maintenance; Water fees collected from the irrigators are not fed back into the resources for O&M

of the schemes; The Zonal Offices do not systematically keep records on water allocation, flows,

volumes, area cultivated, cropping patterns, meteorological data or any other information one would expect to find. The only records available are handwritten records on water charges and some crop survey sheets of which the accuracy is doubtful;

Relations with any other organization related to agriculture and water is totally absent, though the Project Offices do interact with the WUAs in the schemes;

Water management for the schemes is reactive, i.e. the zonal offices respond to complaints received from farmers, and

Water management planning is completely absent.

The operating conditions of the scheme is quite poor. The technical condition of the irrigation and drainage systems is very poor. Operation of the irrigation system is being undertaken by the RBDA Zonal offices, but due to the poor condition of the infrastructure since many years, system operation is nothing more than an attempt in transporting and distributing water through the systems without knowing ‘how much is needed, where and when’, and without being able to set discharges to pre-determined levels.

The Operation and Maintenance Manuals that were prepared for the schemes provide clear guidance on how the operations are to be done; in short this comprises of:On a weekly basis:

1. During week x, ‘from the field to the dam’: determine “what volume is needed next week”:a. Determine for each sector the actually cropped area per type of crop;b. With the actual meteorological data and parameters such as crops, crop growth stage, cropped areas per crop, soil parameters etc.) Determine the sector crop water requirements;c. Determine the overall scheme irrigation supply requirements - taking into account the water losses from the dam to the plant (efficiencies), andd. convey that to dam operators and canal gate operators for next week’s releases;

2. During week x plus 1, ‘from the dam to the field’: “what are we distributing this week”:a. Dam operator releases the requested discharge into the main canal;b. Zonal Offices set the branch canal gates to the required discharges (and measure that);c. Zonal Offices set the Sector Turn Out gates to the required discharge for each sector with the aid of the STO measurement gates, andd. Zonal Offices set the Field Turn Out gates to the required discharge for each field.

On a daily basis operations would then follow the weekly determined settings and comprises of:

At 6.00 am opening of the STOs and NSR outlet regulators to the required discharges with the aid of the measuring gates, and closing these at 6.00 pm.

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At 6.00 pm opening of the sector gates that supply water to NSRs and closing these at 6.00 am, and

In all DCs, set each FTO to the required and predetermined setting for each field.

This operation procedure is straight forward and was initially rather successful in KRIS. However, due to several deficiencies in the systems as constructed (as compared to the scheme design) and severe lack of maintenance since many years, the operation of the scheme does not work out like this. Since long, operation is rather based on ‘experience’. At present, the system cannot be operated properly, the problems start from the lowest level going all the way up to the releases from the dams:

Many of the FTOs in DCs have been tampered with due to too low discharges and water levels in the midstream and the tail-ends of the DCs (the FTO’s small steel plates removed or inoperable, holes made under the sill of the FTOs to at least get some water to the FC);

DCs are not being maintained properly since years, resulting in abundant aquatic weed growth and reduced flow in the midstream and tail-ends leading to tampering with the automatic upstream water level control gates (needed for the FTOs to function properly) in order for the farmers downstream in the DCs to get at least some water to their plots;

Water losses occur in the upper reaches of DCs as a result of the damages to the DC embankments as a result of cattle crossing and lack of maintenance and repairs (leading to the above listed issues at the DC and FTO level);

In many sectors, damaged or missing STO steel plates of the discharge control measuring gates render discharge settings completely impossible (and for that matter in LCs or SLCs in the large sectors at the DC turnouts from these lateral canals);

Though seasonally crop field surveys are being undertaken, these are essentially done for Irrigation Service Fee (ISF) collection purposes. These surveys are not done weekly; actual crop water requirement and overall scheme water supply requirements calculations are not undertaken;

Operational constraints in the main water transport systems where essential water distribution control structures were never built or where the abundant growth of Typha seriously impedes water conveyance, and

The releases from the dams are “best guesses” only since the dam operators are not able to precisely release the required discharges because discharge rating curves of the reservoir outlet valves are not available.

According to the Royal Haskoning DHV report, the above points – separately or in conjunction - demonstrate that proper system operation is currently not possible at all levels of the systems.

The main findings are that:

i) O&M funding and hence O&M since long has fallen way below of what is needed (till recently the collected ISF was transferred to the government, with very little returning to over actual O&M needs), which led to ii) The systems now being technically in a poor condition rendering proper system operation at all levels impossible, which led toiii) Substantial loss of command areas, and also has led to

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iv) A weakened organization responsible for O&M not being able to do anything about the situation, and v) To farmer’s mistrust in the HJRBDA’s capacity and capability to perform its maintenance duties for which they are supposed to pay for.

2.7.1 Revenue collection

Farmers in the irrigation projects are charged an Irrigation Service Fee (ISF). The amount to be paid for ISF is set by the HJRBDA (and approved by the FMWR) and till the dry season of 2014 amounted to NGN 2,500 per ha per season. Effective from the dry season of 2014-2015 this amount was doubled to NGN 5,000 per ha per season.

For the dry season the ISF is due for the whole area cropped, for the wet season only the areas under rice are charged. The bulk of the ISF is paid at the end of the season when produce has been sold and farmers have the cash to pay. Most of the ISF for the dry seasons is received in May, June and July and for the wet seasons in November and December.

There exist registered Water Users Associations within the scheme, which the RBDA assisted the farmers to establish. Each WUA has a group leader and a Secretary. The WUA basically handles maintenance of the On-farm level of irrigation and drainage system, and the resolution of conflicts. The WUAs sometimes participate in decision making on the workings of the scheme. They are also responsible for the collection of the Irrigation Service Fee on behalf of the HJRBDA.

The Chairman of the WUA group provides leadership and direction for the group. His responsibilities include representing the association at meetings convened by the RBDA management. The farmers see the WUA as a means of managing the canal alone.

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CHAPTER THREE3.0 IntroductionThis Chapter provides the findings of socio-economic studies and the census conducted with the involvement of affected people. Specifically, it presents

The results of the census, assets inventories, natural resource assessments, and socio economic surveys.

Current occupants of the affected area as a basis for design of the RAP and to clearly set a cut-off date, the purpose of which is to exclude subsequent inflows of people from eligibility for compensation and resettlement assistance;

Standard characteristics of displaced households, including a description of production systems, labor, and household organization; and baseline information on livelihoods (including, as relevant, production levels and income derived from both formal and informal economic activities) and standards of living (including health status) of the displaced population;

Magnitude of the expected loss, total or partial, of assets, and the extent of displacement, physical or economic;

Information on vulnerable groups or persons; for whom special provisions may have to be made; and

Provisions to update information on the displaced people’s livelihoods and standards of living at regular intervals so that the latest information is available at the time of their displacement, and to measure impacts (or changes) in their livelihood and living conditions.

Description of need for updates to census, assets inventories, resource assessments, and socioeconomic surveys, if necessary, as part of RAP monitoring and evaluation.

3.1 Objectives of the Survey and Census of PAPsThe survey which is the sample of all the PAPs had several primary objectives which include:

To inform the affected population about the proposed intervention work To announce the cut off-date for capturing those affected by the proposed project

who are along the zone of impact To obtain feedback from the affected population about the Intervention work To establish the social profile of the affected population. To record/update the base line situation of all affected people To identify the affected households and individuals To identify vulnerable individuals or groups

The census is a 100% enumeration of people and land affected. The primary objective of the census was to record all assets and impacts within the ROW in the areas where rehabilitation works are proposed to take place.

3.2 Census Cut-Off Date The Census cut-off date refers to the date of completion of the census and assets inventory of persons affected by the project. People occupying the area after the cut-off date are not eligible for compensation and/or resettlement assistance. Similarly, fixed assets, fruit trees etc. planted after the date of completion of the census will not be compensated. During the initial consultations with all the relevant stakeholders, it was announced that census of inventory will be taken.  Details of the census process and the cut-off date

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were declared during the general public consultation meetings that took place in September, 2016.

It was further stressed that the cut-off date shall be declared to be the last day of the survey and census of all Project affected assets and PAPs which began in September 6 th, 2016, and ended December 8th, 2016.

In addition, at the various consultation meeting with the communities (phone calls, text messages, notification of Local Government chairman, and announcement at the local mosques during prayers, newspaper advert, and radio jingle) it was emphasized that the cut-off date will mean that no newly arrived persons or families will be eligible for resettlement benefits. In addition, improvements to housing, or other assets made after the date will not be eligible for compensation (however, repairs such as fixing a leaky roof, are permissible). The cut-off date was announced and made known through appropriate traditional means of reaching-out during the community awareness campaigns at site/scheme level and through the local government. The cut-off date was declared to be December 8th 2016.

3.3 Data Analyses and InterpretationThe socio-economic survey was based primarily on the PAPs in the proposed project site with a view to determining their socio-economic conditions, and how the project will impact them.

Precisely, the following thematic socio-economic indicators were included in the survey: gender, age distribution; marital status; nature of trade/occupation of PAPS; income category, etc. The data analysis and interpretation focus on the socio-demographic background information of respondents, identified Project Affected Persons (PAPs) and/or PAPs.

3.3.1 Analysis of Persons (Respondents) InterviewedRespondents were interviewed from the East branch and west branch axis of the scheme. Their responses were captured by means of an electronic platform, the Open Kit Data (ODK) and a photo register produced for about 25% of them that availed themselves for photo capture with the farm ticket given to them after measurement of their farm plots. An E-questionnaire using the Open Data Kit (ODK) platform was designed where trained enumerators interact with respondents to elicit answers to already prepared questions. The ODK platform using electronic devices to capture the responses of respondents which are immediately uploaded to an aggregate page and the information can be exported to an MS Excel document for further processing and analysis.

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Figure3. 1: ODK Platform

It is important to note that the impact of project activities on the sources of livelihood of PAPs in the project area varies among them and these have been captured.

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The responses of the respondents provided an average idea of the prevailing situation in the proposed project area. Therefore, it is believed that the information provided by these categories of persons is accurate about the businesses they represent/operate or property/asset they own or represent.

This section assesses the socio-economic characteristics and the likely socio economic impacts of the proposed intervention project in Bunkure, Garun mallam and Kura. The socio-demographic characteristics include among others; age, gender, education, income, occupation, residential, health status, standard of living rating, vulnerability during project intervention etc.

Table 3.1 presents the summary table of socio economic characteristics of the respondents from the KRIS EAST and WEST Branches.

Annex 1 shows attendance log of participants during consultations with communities respectively.

Table 3. 1: Summary table of socio economic characteristics of the respondents from the KRIS East and West Sectors

S/N Socio economic characteristics Label Percentages

1. Sampled number of respondents among the PAPs

7,537

2. The total population of the households of PAPs ( This will include their wives, children, and dependents)

74,779

3. Percent that are males and females Male: 53.2% Females: 46.8%

Male: 39814Females: 34965

4. Percent that are Muslim/Christian/Traditional Religious Worshipper/Other

Muslim: 98.6%Christian: 0.33%Traditional:0.12Blank: 0.96

Muslim: 7431Christian: 25Traditional: 9Blank: 72

5. Percent that are Married /single/divorced/widowed

Married: 88.4%Single: 10.7%Divorced: 0.08Widowed:0.2%Blank:0.49%

Married: 6669Single: 806Divorced: 6Widowed: 17Blank: 37

6. Predominant number of wives 2

7. Average number of persons per household ( you should also pick the least and highest household in terms of number per household, e.g, say the least number of persons per household is two and the highest is 28)

Avg: 11.5Least: 1 Max: 80

8. Number of persons age 0 -4 and the percent the constitute of the entire population

25.2% 18879

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9. Number of Males age 0 -4 and the percent the constitute of the entire population

13.8% 10316

10. Number of Females age 0 -4 and the percent the constitute of the entire population

11.5% 8563

11. Number of persons age 5 -9 and the percent the constitute of the entire population

23.6% 17640

12. Number of males age 5 -9 and the percent the constitute of the entire population

12.6% 9417

13. Number of females age 5 -9 and the percent the constitute of the entire population

11.0% 8223

14. Number of persons age 10 -18 and the percent the constitute of the entire population

20.0% 14973

15. Number of males age 10 -18 and the percent the constitute of the entire population

11.4% 8500

16. Number of females age 10 -18 and the percent the constitute of the entire population

8.7% 6473

17. Number of persons age 19 -24 and the percent the constitute of the entire population

10.7% 8017

18. Number of males age 19 -24 and the percent the constitute of the entire population

6.9% 5129

19. Number of females age 19 -24 and the percent the constitute of the entire population

5.2% 3888

20. Number of persons age 25 -60 and the percent the constitute of the entire population

14.9% 11141

21. Number of males age 25-60 and the percent the constitute of the entire population

6.8% 5106

22. Number of females age 25-60 and the percent the constitute of the entire population

8.1% 6035

23. How many persons do not have any educational qualification at all and their percentage

465

24. How many persons have FSLC as their highest educational qualification at all and their percentage

1112

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25. How many persons have WASC/SSCE as their highest educational qualification at all and their percentage

1331

26. How many persons have TC II/OND as their highest educational qualification at all and their percentage

560

27. How many persons have HND/Degree as their highest educational qualification at all and their percentage

232

28. How many persons have MSC/PHD as their highest educational qualification at all and their percentage

51

29. How many persons have Islamic studies as their highest educational qualification at all and their percentage

3699

30. Total number of persons that are currently attending/attempted primary school

20060 26.8 %

31. Percent of males and females that are currently attending /attempted primary school

Male: 14.9 %Female: 11.9 %

Male: 11177Female: 8883

32. Total number of persons that are currently attending Quaranic school

18046 24.1%

33. Percent of males and females that are currently attending Quaranic school

Male: 14.0%Female: 10.1%

Male: 10468Female: 7578

34. Total number of persons that are currently attending Home school

4511 6.3%

35. Percent of males and females that are currently attending Home school

Male: 3.2%Female: 2.8%

Male: 2416Female: 2101

36. Total number of persons that are currently attending/attempted primary school

7050 9.4%

37. Percent of males and females that are currently attending/attempted secondary school

Male: 6.1%Female: 3.3%

Male: 4592Female: 2458

38. Total number of persons that are currently attending /attempted Tertiary institution

1742

39. Percent of males and females that are currently attending/attempted Tertiary institution

Male: 2.0%Female: 0.3%

Male: 1495Female: 247

40. Percent that have crop farming/fish farmer/livestock [sales] farming/mining/craft making/trading/civil service/company employment/housewives/unemployed

Crop farming: 78.4%Fish farming: 0.6%Livestock: 9.8%Mining: 0.05%Craft making: 0.4%

Crop farming: 6998Fish farming: 48Livestock: 620Mining: 6Craft making: 27

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as their main occupation Trading: 3%Civil service: 2.8%Company: 0.03%Self-employment: 1.02%Housewife: 3.4%Retired: 0.24%Unemployed: 0.24%

Trading: 296Civil service 181Company 7Self-employment: 70Housewife: 232Retired: 15Unemployed: 17

41. Percent that have crop farming/fish farmer/livestock [sales] farming/mining/craft making/trading/civil service/company employment/housewives/unemployed as their secondary occupation

Crop farming: 17.2%Fish farming: 3.2%Livestock: 29.3%Mining: 0.3%Craft making: 0.9% Trading: 18.6%civil service: 4.6%Company: 0.3%Self-employment: 8.0%Housewife: 17.0%Retired: 0.5%Unemployed: 0.2%

Crop farming: 437Fish farming: 85Livestock: 668Mining: 23Craft making: 35Trading: 417Civil service: 134Company: 18Self-employment: 169Housewife: 362Retired: 18Unemployed: 9

42. Average seasonal ( every 3-4 months) income from crop farming/fish farmer/livestock [sales] farming/mining/craft making/trading/civil service/company employment/housewives/unemployed

Crop farming: 188572.7Fish farming: 43697.7Livestock: 26172.45Mining: 8447.5Craft making: 50066.50Trading: 114019.43Civil service: 75977.437Company: 14033.34Self-employment: 47027.87Housewife: 9745.61Retired: 20000Unemployed: 18335.6

43. Average seasonal ( every 3-4 months) amount spent on household items; transport and gas; Doctor, medicine and other medical expenses; hired help; seed, fertilizer and pesticides; animal feeds; veterinary services; and irrigation water

Clothes: 25290.825Household items: 26488.005Transport and gas: 9180.13Medical expense: 9554.34Hired help: 23326.08Seed fertilizer: 107824.995Animal feed: 14896.27Veterinary services: 4542.27Irrigation water: 4792.63

44. Number of households with physically challenged persons

427

45. Number of people that lame; blind; deaf; dump; crippled; crossed eyes;

Lame: 152Blind: 53

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others Crippled: 56Deaf: 52Dumb: 23Crossed eyes: 25Others: 54

46. Number of households with chronically ill/long term ill people

839

47. Number of persons with Ulcer; sickle cell; cancer; leukemia; diabetes; asthma; high blood pressure; hydrocephalous; tuberculosis; HIV/AIDS; others

Ulcer: 662Asthma: 23Sickle cell: 97High blood pressure: 100Leukemia: 8Diabetes: 19Cancer: 22Tuberculosis: 15Hydrocephalous: 5Others: 44

48. Number of households that has Malaria; flu/cough; Headache; stomach disorder; sleeping sickness; hernia; and others as their common diseases

Malaria: 7217Headache: 874Stomach disorder: 239Flu: 1012Sleeping sickness: 63Hernia:12Others:89

49. Percent respondents that use the health centres

97.8% 7371

50. Percent of respondents aware of HIV/AIDs

80.0% 5883

51. Number of and percent of farmlands; livestocks; business place/residence affected

Farm lands: 7537Business place: 5Livestock : 22Residence: 3

Farm lands: 98.7%Business place: 0.14%Livestock: 1%Residence: 0.14%

52. Percent of affected farmland that is 100% owned (no share crop or lease),; that is seasonal share cropping; that owner gives one-third of input and takes one-third of produce; that everything is shared half and half; that tenants pays a fixed fee for his plot of irrigated land

No sharecrop 92.19%

Fixed fee 3.53%

Owner gives one-third 0.69%

Everything is shared half and half 0.28%

Seasonal share

3.28%

No sharecrop

2359

Fixed fee 84

Owner gives one-third

14

Everything is shared half and half

8

Seasonal share cropping

70

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cropping

53. Percent of each crop (rice, maize, millet, wheat, and others ) cultivated

Rice: 68.2%Maize: 3.6%Wheat:0.8%Millet: 2.7%Others: 24.7%

Rice: 2973244Maize: 243346Wheat: 335303Millet: 90889Others: 881795

54. Percent happy and percent unhappy with what is being proposed

Happy: 88.2%Unhappy: 0.8%

Happy: 6651Unhappy: 62

From Table 3.1, a total of 7,537 respondents were interviewed. The total population of households of PAPs (that is the PAPs, their wives and Children) is 74,779,

3.3.1.1 Age Distribution of Households

Fig 3.2 below shows the age distribution of households. A significant proportion of the Households are below the working age of 18-60. The aged constitute less than 10% of the Population of entire households.

Chart showing age distribution in households of project affected persons

18879 1764014973

801711141

4129

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

Age 0-4

Age 5-9

Age10-18

Age19-24

Age25 - 60

Age61 andabove

Age

Num

ber o

f per

sons

Series1

Figure 3. 2: Age distribution of households

3.3.1.2 Gender of Affected HouseholdsThe male population of affected households constitutes 55.1% while the females constitute about 48.8% of the total population of affected household.

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Chart showing gender distribution of households of project affected persons

39814

34965

32000330003400035000360003700038000390004000041000

Male Female

Gender

Num

ber o

f per

sons

Series1

Figure 3. 3: Chart showing gender distribution of household of respondents

3.3.1.3 Occupation of respondents

The main occupation of respondents is crop farming. 77.4% of respondents take into crop farming as their main occupation. 10.4% of them have livestock farming as their main occupation. Those who take trading or working in the Civil Service as their main occupations constitute about 3% and 2.8% respectively of the total number of respondents. Most of them combine a main job with a secondary job. 0.3 % of the respondents are retirees. Figure 3.4 and 3.5 show the occupational distribution of respondents.

Crop farming

fish farming

livestock farming

mining

craft making

trading

civil service

company

self employment

house wife

retired

unemployed

Figure 3. 4: Chart showing main occupational distribution of respondents

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55.1%

48.8%

15% 4%

29%

0%1%

19%5%0%

7%18%

0%

Chart showing distribution of secondary occupations of respondents

Crop farming

fish farming

livestock farming

mining

craft making

trading

civil service

company

self employment

house wife

unemployed

Figure 3. 5: Chart showing distribution of secondary occupation of respondents

3.3.1.4 Marital status of respondentsAbout 90.2 % of respondents are married. About 8.8% of total number of respondents is single while about 0.03% is divorced as shown in Figure 3.6.

91%

9% 0%

Chart showing the distribution of the marital status of re-spondents

married

single

divorced

Figure 3. 6: Marital status of Respondents

3.3.1.5 Religion of respondentsAlmost all respondents are Muslims (98.7%). Christians constitute about 0.33% while traditional religious worshipers constitute 0.13%.

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Chart showing religious distribution of respondents

7431

25 90

10002000300040005000600070008000

Muslims Christains TraditionalReligious

Worshippers

Religion

Num

ber o

f per

sons

Series1

Figure 3. 7: Religious distribution of respondents

3.3.1.6 Number of persons per household of respondents

The average number of household is 11. Household sizes ranges from single person households to households of above 50 persons in a few cases. Polygamy is a very common occurrence.

3.3.1.7 Average income of respondentsThe average income of respondents per season is given in the table 3.2 and fig 3.8 below.

Table 3. 2: Average seasonal income of respondents

Income Source Seasonal Income (₦)Crop farming 188,572.7Fish farming 43,697.97Livestock 26,172.45Mining 8,447.5Craft Making 50,066.5Trading 114, 019.13Civil Service 75,977.14Company 14,033.34Pension (Retirees) 20,000

From table 3.2 and fig 3.8, crop farming is the major earner for respondents. A seasonal income is the income that accrues to a respond in a farming season which is usually 3-4 months.

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Average seasonal income from various occupations

188572.7

43697.726172.45

8447.5

50066.5

114019.13

75977.44

14033.34

47027.87

9745.612000018335.6

020000400006000080000

100000120000140000160000180000200000

Occupations

Ave

rage

Inco

me

per s

easo

n (N

)

Series1

Figure 3. 8: Average Seasonal Income from Various Occupations

3.3.1.8 Type of persons affectedDifferent categories of affected persons were identified and categorized, with majority of persons affected being household. Some members of households have claims of terminal illness (fig 3.9) or are physically challenged (fig 3.10) and can be described as vulnerable persons. Also, there are cases of aged persons above 70 in some households as shown in fig 3.2. These categories of persons also fall within the vulnerable group of affected persons. In the course of this RAP Census, a number of householder used the opportunity to share lands to their children under ten.

Malaria is the common sickness suffered by most households (see fig 3.11) representing about 96.7% of total respondents indicate that malaria is the most common illness they suffer. Other illnesses indicated common among households are headaches and flu. HIV/AIDS awareness is quite high (80%) although a whopping 20% claim they do not have any awareness of HIV/AIDS. Most of the respondents 97.6% make use of the health centres closest to them.

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Chart showing terminal illness didtribution662

2397 100

8 19 22 15 5 440

100200300400500600700

Illness

Num

ber o

f per

sons

Series1

Figure 3. 9: Distribution of terminal illness among households of PAPs

Chart showing types and number of physical challenges suffered by members of households of PAPs

152

53 56 52

23 25

54

020406080

100120140160

Lame Blind Crippled Deaf Dumb Crossedeyed

Others

Type of Physical Challenge

Num

ber o

f Phy

sica

lly

chal

leng

ed p

erso

ns

Series1

Figure 3. 10: Distribution of physical challenges among households of PAPs

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Chart showing common diseases prevalent among households of respondents

7217

874 239 101263 12 89

010002000300040005000600070008000

Common diseases

Num

ber o

f hou

seho

lds

Series1

Figure 3. 11: Distribution of common diseases suffered among households of PAPs

3.3.1.9 Identity of Affected Asset All (100%) the affected land are used for Agricultural purposes

3.3.1.10 Owner of Asset Affected Majority of the project affected person’s asset are owned personally. This is understandable given that most of the affected assets are farmland. Given that the nature of land holding is, individual based rather than communal. Also, cases of family ownership of assets are rare because upon the demise of the owner of an asset (farmland), the asset is shared among his children and thus, family ownership of asset does not arise.

3.3.1.11 Conflict in the Communities There has not been any conflict with the cultural use of land. However, conflicts between farmers and herdsmen are on the increase due to devastation of farmers’ crops by the herdsmen’s cattle. Usually, policemen and local leaders are involved in the resolution of such conflicts. Fewer conflicts exist among fellow farmers.

3.3.1.12 Sale of Farm ProduceThere are markets located around the Kano River Irrigation Scheme as indicated in table 3.3 below where merchants and middlemen come to make purchases of rice, and livestock. Trucks are used to convey these items to various destinations. The scheme has created employment opportunities and increased the income of the farming community, who would have been idle after the rains. In addition to this, energetic young men make extra money from loading grains into trucks at the market. Others, who cannot engage in farming, have been gainfully employed as motor cycle riders, truck drivers and truck workers in the area.

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Table 3. 3: Market around the Kano River Irrigation Scheme

NAME OF MARKET LOCATION MARKET DAY

Kura Market Kura Daily

Garin Baba Market Garin Mallam Lga Sunday And Monday

Bunkure Market Bunkure Every 2days

Karfi Market(Fruit Market) Karfi Seasonal

Gafan Market(Tomatoes Market) Gafan Seasonal

3.3.1.13 EducationArabic education is the major form of education acquired by these farmers. The highest form of education among the male respondents was tertiary education (4.1%), 11.3% had secondary education, 6.3% had primary education while 28.3% had Arabic while the remaining (4%) had no formal education. The female respondents in the scheme have lower literacy level, 23. 6% of the female respondents have no formal education, hence, 24.3% had Arabic education primary education, 6.5%. 7% had secondary education, while the remaining 7% attained tertiary level. In general figure 3.12 - indicates the highest education level amongst the households of the PAPs in KRIS.

Chart showing highest education level of members of households of PAPs

23563, 32%

19960, 27%

18005, 24%

4493, 6%

7025, 9%

1733, 2%

No educationPrimary SchoolQuaranic SchoolHome SchoolSecondary SchoolTertiary Institution

Figure3. 12: Highest educational levels of household members of PAPs

3.3.1.14 Farm HoldingThe average farm holding per individual farmer is about 0.02 hectare.

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3.3.1.15 Land Acquisition at the SchemeThe most predominant mode of land acquisition in the scheme are by Inheritance and purchases. Farm records are kept through memory recall and farmers do not make budgets. Within the scheme land, labour and technology in that order are readily available. However, credit facilities, extension visits and farm inputs (in that order) are scarcely available.

3.3.1.16 Impact of the Scheme on Farmers Activities Prior to commencement of the scheme, water was scarcely available for irrigation farming but water is now more available for irrigated agriculture. The irrigation water has yielded increase in the produce of farmers.

3.3.1.17 Access to Finance/Credit by Farmers Farmers have expressed difficulties in obtaining credit from financial institutions for agricultural activities. Most farmers’ source funds for irrigation activities through personal savings i.e. savings from rain fed farming and from their wives who are usually engaged in petty trading. Most farmers rely on friends, neighbors and family members for loans to augment whenever there are shortfalls.

3.3.1.18 Enablement of Farmers by the Scheme As a result of the scheme, farmers are able to start some off-farm business and own means of transportation aside farming. Trend in children’s school enrolment, standard of dwelling places, pilgrimages to holy land among farmers and their families have increased.

3.3.1.19 Income from irrigation agriculture vs. other sourcesMost of the farmers prefer and claimed that income from irrigation agriculture is much greater than incomes from other sources.

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CHAPTER FOUR4.0 Introduction This chapter presents information on the following:

Components or activities that require resettlement or restriction of access; Zone of impact of components or activities; Alternatives considered to avoid or minimize resettlement or restricted access; Mechanisms established to minimize resettlement, displacement, and restricted

access, to the extent possible, during project implementation. Important features affected in the event of the proposed work. Categories of impacts and people affected.

4.1 Components or activities that require resettlement or restriction of accessThe TRIMING project four components are outlined below with a brief description of the main activities described in Chapter 2

Component 1: Water Resources Management and Dam Operation Improvement Component 2: Irrigation Development and Management Component 3: Enhance Agricultural Productivity and Support Value Chains

Development Component 4: Institutional Development and Project Management.

4.2 Number and Type of Affected PersonsA total result of 42,450 PAPs with their entitlements have been identified from the listed 42 sectors. Table 4.1 is indicative of the PAPs from the 42 sectors in the East and West branch of the KRIS. These numbers are inclusive of those on occasional lease on the Government Lands in the same sector listed, as project affected persons (PAPs) in the course of rehabilitation work in the dry season when irrigation facility cannot be accessed as indicated in table 4.2 and those absentee farmers whose farm plots were measured with the support of WUA representatives without knowledge of their names as indicated in table 4.3. These shall all be entitled to the compensation allowance as there is no land takes on the project. In order to manage the rehabilitation works within the sectors within the 3- years planned, table 4.4 is a suggested work plan that distributes the smaller sectors for rehabilitation before bigger sectors and the associated cost.

Table4. 1: Statistical Summary of PAPS

WEST BRANCHS/N SECTORS NOs. OF

PAPSGOVERNMENT LAND

NOs. OF BLOCKS

TOTAL ECONOMIC TREES

TOTAL PARCEL AREA

TOTAL ENTITLEMENT

1. Agalawa 642 26 62 148.39 48228352. Agolas 2815 132 386 1025.09 333077803. Azore 2182 1.89 48 200 396.75 128965354. Butalawa 1255 64 989 432.12 140437655. Dalili 376 13 64 62.85 20425856. Gori_North 800 6.17 26 227 150.84 49030917. Gori_South 645 19 82 86.11 27985138. Karfi 3525 2.03 128 929 843.57 27417888

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9. Kore 5029 8.22 124 731 2158.02 7013916110. Kosawa 2156 137 454 1040 3380068411. M. Gabas 401 23 107 111.24 361503712. Majabo 485 26 444 143.96 468106013. Makworo 126 8 18 24.63 80033014. Raje 519 18 34 114 369673315. Pako 679 21 267 124.37 404007316. Maura 782 1.14 33 126 291.25 946249617. Samawa 619 24 50 129.06 419382518. Ruga 642 35 0 289.06 939453219. Rakauna 1239 0.15 25 249 207.3 673516620. Yakasai 1803 46 148 353.13 1147964621. Yadakwari 415 0.51 19 36 95.02 309042822. Tsauni 165 11 7 30 98502723. Gafan 2835 3.38 117 157 911.42 29627787

Sub total 30,135 23.49 1,123 5,767 9,168.18 297,974,977

EAST BRANCHS/N SECTORS NOs. OF

PAPSGOVERNMENT LAND

NOs. OF BLOCKS

TOTAL ECONOMIC TREES

TOTAL PARCEL AREA

TOTAL ENTITLEMENT

1. Gayere 259 19 0 134.33 4364725

2. Dorawa 892 46 0 361.11 117500303. Barnawa 259 13 0 54.5 1772551

4. Bengaza1 665 34 27 255.02 82839215. Bunkere_A 381 10 30 68.93 22403506. Bunkere_B 489 11 17 76.21 24767837. Cirin 428 13 10 114.25 37111618. Kadawa 1537 64 111 244 656.95 213489819. Kode 342 12 0 90.33 293559810. Korawa 593 29 140 138 448511811. Kuluma 535 23 38 114.8 373087912. Lauteye 1620 34 132 334.43 1087515413. Tsanbanki 371 14 77 77.44 251683614. Shiye 79 4 22 28.19 91624915. Yuri 278 10 45 63.33 205820016. Yantomo 621 27 20 229 744214917. Waire 529 23 25 179.41 583446018. Unguwar Rimi 436 20 59 178.08 5785445

19. Turba 535 26 55 120.29 391168520. Makunturi 677 38 0 288.89 938885521. Dambala 242 27 0 205.65 668358522. Unguwar Rimi

B547 25 0 154.74 5028645

Sub total 12,315 64.00 569 941 3,923.88 127,541,360

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Grand Total

Total (West and East Branch) 42,450 87.49 1,692 6,708 13,092.06 425,516,337

Table 4. 2: Summary of Government Land

S/N SECTOR NO OF GOVT. LANDS PER SECTOR

TOTAL PARCEL OF LAND(ha)

1. Azore 4 2.282. Gori North 6 2.193. Karfi 8 2.164. Kore 15 8.835. Agolas 3.836. Maura 1 1.147. Rakauna 1 0.308. Gafan 2 3.379. Butalawa 9 2.9310. Majabo 611. Kadawa 65.94

52 92.97

Table 4. 3: Status of PAPs

WEST BRANCHS/N Sectors No. of absentee farmers and their Farm plots

measured and allocated Identification numbers without farmers being on Ground

(FNG)

Total No. of Identified PAPs

with identification

numbers1. Agalawa 278 6422. Agolas 1893 28153. Azore 594 21824. Butalawa 864 12555. Dalili 0 3766. Gori_North 218 8007. Gori_South 0 6458. Karfi 2937 35259. Kore 3559 502910. Kosawa 1874 215611. M. Gabas 215 40112. Majabo 349 48513. Makworo 1 12614. Raje 23 51915. Pako 14 67916. Maura 296 78217. Samawa 545 61918. Ruga 404 642

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19. Rakauna 855 123920. Yakasai 722 180321. Yadakwari 183 41522. Tsauni 51 16523. Gafan 2162 2835

Sub total 18037 30135

EAST BRANCHS/N Sectors Nos. of Farmers Not on Ground Total No. of

Identified PAPs with

identification numbers

1. Cirin 172 428

2. Shiye 27 79

3. Yuri 67 278

4. Turba 233 5355. Bunkere_A 223 3816. Bunkere_B 78 4897. Gayere 259 2598. Kadawa 1182 15379. Kode 124 34210. Korawa 192 59311. Kuluma 458 53512. Lauteye 1002 162013. Tsanbanki 286 37114. Dorawa 892 89215. Barnawa 259 25916. Yantomo 498 62117. Waire 338 52918. Unguwar Rimi 297 43619. Bengaza1 607 66520. Makunturi 677 67721. Dambala 242 24222. Unguwar Rimi B 547 547

Sub total 8660 12315

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Table 4. 4: Suggested KRIS Rehabilitation Work Plan

YEAR COMPLETED. SECTORS

Ha BUDGET (₦) US$ UNCOMPLETED.SECTORS

Ha BUDGET (₦) US$

1. CirinShiyeKodeYuriKulumaRugaYakasiaKarfiTsauniMakworo Kosawa

2,991.29 97,230,194.00 308,667.28 Makunturi 288.89 9388855.00 29,805.89

2. TsanbankiLauteyeTurbaUngwa RimiKorawaBunkure ABunkure BPakoDaliliM. GabasMajaboButalawaGori NorthGori SouthRakauna

3,000.17 97509692.00 309,554.58 Dambala 205.65 6683585.00 21,217.73

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MauraAzore I & II

3. BengazaWaireYantomoBarnawaGayereSamawaKore

3,139.34 102,030,792.00 323907.28 Unguwar Rimi B 154.74 5028645.00 15,963.95

4. KadawaDorawaGafanAgolasYadakwariRajeAgalawa

3,311.98 107,644,574.00 341728.81

SUB TOTAL

  12,442.78 404,415,252.00 1,283,857.94   649.28 21,101,085.00 66,987.57

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Table 4. 5: Type of Affected Person

S/No Person Definition

1 Individual Individuals who risks losing assets, investments, or access to natural and/or economic resources as a result of the rehabilitation works on the irrigation canal

2 Households one or more persons - men, women, children, dependent relatives and, tenants; vulnerable individuals who may be too old or ill to farm along with the others; insofar as displacement due to the sub-project activities creates challenges for which these people are ill prepared.

3 Vulnerable Persons/Groups:

Persons/groups considered vulnerable due to their inability to cope with and participate in decision making with regard to resettlement in the course of work such as widows, elderly, underage, etc.

4 Corporate Entity/ Organization

Government/AuthorityCommunityPlace of Worship

4.3 Delineation of Impact ZoneGoing by the design and sector layout, the exact zone of impact of the civil work activities in the scheme cannot be easily determined, however, all rehabilitation work is limited to the existing scheme layout.

The KRIS was designed and built on the basis of water supply by gravity and irrigation during the day time, with night storage reservoirs for half of the command area. Water level and discharge control in KRIS is provided by broad or long crested weirs in the branch canals and by automatic gates in the DCs.

The existing field layouts, field canals, field drains, field tracks and FTOs locations cannot be changed and other higher level structures in the water distribution system are fixed and can also not been changed unless at very high costs. The water control system is not an issue; issues are complete lack of scheme OMM, aggravated by Typha infestation in the canals and reservoirs. Hence, there is no scope for alternative scheme layouts or for new water distribution technology.

However, alternatives being proposed are for canal linings, water level control and for Typha control / removal since these aspects are at the core of the deterioration of the schemes.

In this regard potential impacts envisaged for the rehabilitation works are as follows:

● The zone of impact for the rehabilitation activities is envisaged to be within the 5metres set back from the edges of the existing structures.

● The site camp for equipment shall be carefully selected to avoid impacting on any social means of people.

● No land take of any individual or communal Structures among communities will be affected by the rehabilitation project given the rehabilitation work is confined to the existing irrigation scheme.

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● Temporary disturbance as a result of proposed rehabilitation works to supply of water to farmers for irrigation

● Temporary access disturbance to farmers as a result of rehabilitation works● Ongoing fishing activities may be disturbed in the Tiga, Ruwan and Challawa Gorge

project areas.● Water intake from the Challawa gorge and the Kano river at the Tambuluwa treatment

plant may be affected● Rice, Millet, Tomato yields in a planting season may be affected.● Temporary disturbance of access to itinerant petty trader along the KRIS access routes

in the course of rehabilitation works.● The Project Affected Persons (PAPs) exceed 200.

4.4 Benefit of the ProjectThe Project will focus on rehabilitation of existing irrigated land and completion of uncompleted sectors (rather than an expansion of irrigation into rain-fed agricultural land). The positive project impacts for the primary stakeholders are therefore expected to be far more important than the negative ones.

Economic development of the area and region as a whole is the long-term objective and is associated with improved agricultural practices through crop irrigation. The economic benefits of the Project will, in turn, have economic ripple effect for the larger community, and to the zone and region as a whole. Key benefits or desired outcomes from the project are listed below:

Increased cropping intensity due to provision of dry season irrigation water Increased crop yields due to improved drainage, inputs and crop husbandry Increased crop diversity due to an improvement of land capability by irrigation and

drainage and improved access to seeds and markets Increased livestock productivity due to increased availability of crop residue and

development of irrigated fodder crops Increased and stabilised household incomes from agriculturally related goods and

services – and associated local employment including for scheme operation and maintenance

Improved institutional capacity of government organizations responsible for water management and agricultural development at local levels

Improved road access with many associated benefits with many associated benefits Social development particularly due to the establishment and operation of

democratic, gender sensitive and transparent water management organizations at different levels

Reduced impacts from flooding Reduction in incidences of water-borne diseases. Malaria incidences, the main

sickness suffered by residents of the project area are likely to reduce following introduction of irrigation systems into the area, they shall help to drain excess water

Increased water supply and reliability. Improved on-farm productivity. Improved financial returns from farming. Longer-term food security. Better nutrition.

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In addition, during construction phases there would be both short-term and long term opportunities and benefits such as requirement of labour workforce; and contractual opportunities in the provision of direct support services such as hiring of vehicles, canteen services, etc.

4.5 Negative Impact of the ProjectNegative impacts anticipated are negligible. While there exist a possibility that farmers may be deprived of planting their crops in the dry season which may lead to loss of income, while repair works on the canals are ongoing, provisions to mitigate this impact is already being made with the provision of resettlement assistance commensurate with the expected income from harvest to all the PAPs. Noise from heavy duty machines and dust emissions are some of the other identified likely negative impacts.

4.6 Potentially Affected Assets Potentially affected asset are farmlands that are within 5metres setback of all the collector drains and canals where civil works shall be carried out. The assets are farm lands with annual seasonal crops.

4.7 Categories of Losses/ImpactLosses are potentially restricted to losses of income from farm produce in the course of the rehabilitation works that may deprive the farm owners’ access to irrigation for cultivating their lands in the dry season(s).

4.8 Inventory of Impacted Assets The affected assets include farmlands essentially. These have been identified with a unique identification number generated for each farmland as shown in figure 4.1 below

Figure 4. 1: Ticket showing farm unique identification number

4.8.1 Impact on Land Land shall be acquired within the setback from the canals and the drainage system as working space for the project based on 5m setback while some other lands may be acquired temporarily as Operations base of the civil works Contractor.

4.8.2 Impact on Structures

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It is envisaged that no fixed structures of any type shall be impacted by the project (as this have been taken into consideration in the design) except moveable makeshift stalls which are used for displaying of wares or resting within the project and some demarcated praying areas by the canals.

4.8.3 Impact on Agricultural Resources (Crops) Table 4.6 shows an outline of the categories of losses (agricultural resources) that shall be affected in the course of the intervention work. Rice, beans, groundnut, guinea corn, vegetable, Maize, water melon, soya-beans and fruit trees of at demarcation points, are the crops /trees that may be affected.

Table 4. 6: Agricultural Resource Impacted

S/NoCategory of Loss Type of Loss/Use Remarks

ALoss of Income and LivelihoodLand Resources. Crops/Tree

typeMillet Crop AnnualMaize Crop AnnualRice (paddy) Crop AnnualGroundnut Root crop AnnualBeans Crop AnnualTomatoes Crop AnnualWater melon Fruit AnnualGuinea corn Crop AnnualOnion Root AnnualCap beans Crop Perennial Mango Fruit tree PerennialMoringa Tree PerennialLocust beans Tree Tree PerennialNeem ;; ;;Boaba ;; ;Kaiwa ;; ;Kuka ;; ;Dunya ;; ;Lalle ;; ;Guava Tree Perennial

B Physical Loss of Assets

Makeshift moveable stalls

Used to display ware or rest points

Makeshift movable Place of worship

Demarcated place of worship in a block often adjacent to the canals.

4.8.4 Impact on Utilities There are no utilities identified as affected.

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4.8.5 Impact on Social NetworksThe restriction/physical disturbance of PAPs will result in the disruption of some social networks, in terms of less land space for farming during the civil works rehabilitation activities. It should be noted however, that the rehabilitation works as much as practicable will be carried out on a sector by sectors basis (such that if work is ongoing in sector A for instance, farmers in sector B will still be able to carry on with their farming activities.) Nevertheless, the nature of the mitigation/compensation shall largely ensure that those affected will still be in close contact and make use of other parts of their land not affected. They will generally retain the position of their farms even after the work of the rehabilitation works.

4.8.6 Impact on Cultural Heritage and Worship PlaceNo cultural site, grave, or other cultural assets were identified as affected in any of the sectors. However, there are 3 demarcated praying area within the setback of the canal that were identified. In the course of consultation, these are moveable and can be dismantled and re-erected on completion of works.

4.8.7 Impact on Vulnerable GroupsIssues of concern or priority to those in this specific group were explored for adequate coverage. These include those less able to care for themselves such as the underage, widow/widowers, the elderly, and those with physical or mental challenges as reflected in numbers (45-47) of table 3.1. Based on the socio-economic surveys, these included small segments of the population (for example, children less than 10 years old) or the elderly (for example, adults more than 65 years old).

4.8.8 Response on willingness to be part of the ProjectFrom our interactions with the farmers, most of the PAPs are particularly happy about the prospect of the project and gave their consent and are willing to shift backward, off the setback where they have planted as required for the project to be executed for the common good.

4.9 Potential Relocation AreasThe impact on the assets is considered minimal, no relocation is expected but temporary loss of use/restricted access to the use in the area where the actual work will take place. The PAPs shall make use of their remaining land, pending the completion of work. As part of ongoing consultation and information dissemination, they have been made to understand the setbacks (of 5metres) so as not to impact on the rehabilitated structures and trained by PMU on sustainable cultivation. The RBDA with the support of the PMU will sign agreement with them to ensure compliance.

4.10 Project Affected Persons A register of the number of project affected persons shall be prepared. The register, which will show the PAPs with their entitlements shall not be displayed to the public for security reasons but kept in the offices of HJRBDA and the TRIMING office.

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CHAPTER FIVE5.0 IntroductionIn this Chapter, a description of relevant local laws and customs that apply to resettlement, gaps between local laws and World Bank Group policies are examined and project-specific mechanisms to address conflicts and the legal steps necessary to ensure the effective implementation of resettlement activities under the project; including, as appropriate, a process for recognizing claims to legal rights to land--including claims that derive from customary law and traditional usage.

This chapter also describes the entitlement policies for each category of impact and specify that resettlement implementation will be based on specific provisions of agreed RAP and entitlement matrix.

5.1 Land Tenure Arrangements in the Project Areas A significant majority of land in the project schemes is “owner occupied”, as opposed to government- owned land that is leased back to farmers. This is considered preferable in terms of encouraging sound land management by farmers and their participation in WUAs. It also implies that the Project will not be engaging in activities that involve fundamental changes to existing tenure arrangements.

However, in assessing land tenure at the project sites, it is important not to take the term “owner occupied” too literally. While the term does accurately signify that most land remains in private hands as opposed to government control, there are a growing number of cases where parcels are occupied and used by persons other than the “owner.” There is, for example, an increasing incidence of land being leased or loaned to others, or subject to share-cropping arrangements. There is also in some locations an increasingly active land market with land changing hands through sales. Land parcels have also been transformed through inheritance, sub-division by the authority, HJRBDA and consolidation.

Thus, the land tenure situation within the schemes is not static, and project implementation, including support to the establishment of WUAs, will need to be sensitive to the fluidity of the situation.

Disputes over land in the schemes are reportedly relatively rare, and in the case of KRIS, this has been confirmed through the ESIA process. However, experience from elsewhere suggests that conflicts may rise as land values increase with successful scheme development, potentially putting pressure on existing land relationships and on those land owners who may be economically or socially vulnerable.

Therefore this RAP provides as clear a picture as possible of: the legal status of farmers’ rights, the typology of land tenure arrangements that exist any discernible trends in land markets and values, landlessness and conflict, and any potential concerns relating to tenure insecurity or conflict over land that may result from or pose a risk for project implementation.

5.2 Agricultural Land PolicyThe Objectives of agricultural land policy are:

i. to have a nationally accepted land tenure system which will ensure that land is not fragmented and that it is easily accessible to people who may want to use it for any profitable venture;

ii. to use available land in such a way that its quality is conserved so as to enhance its Page 55 of 175

potential for continuous productivity and iii. to have land allocated to its most suitable uses, such that land suitable for agriculture

is used solely for that purpose and bad land are protected against further damage; iv. to sufficiently enlighten the masses on land matter in order that the aims and

objectives of land policies are appreciated by the general public.

The achievements of the above objectives are based on the following strategies:

Government will control the process of acquisition of land in such a way that peasant farmers are not dispossessed in favour of large scale farmers. Where existing farmlands must be acquired for overriding public interest, the government will pay for the improvements on the land in addition to economic crops and/or agricultural activities. Also, government will provide alternative farmland for the displaced farmers;

State governments will where necessary establish Agricultural land Banks consistent with the spirit of the Land Use Act to cater for all categories of farmers;

As much as possible government will encourage a free flow of information on land potentials as well as promote massive enlightenment on land policies, including management practices;

Government will harmonize compensation for economic crops and structures on acquired land as well as the cost of land clearing and preparation.

5.3 Nigeria Land Use Act and World Bank OP4.12 – A ComparisonThe law relating to land administration in Nigeria is wide and varied; entitlements for payment of compensation are essentially based on right of ownership. The World Bank's OP4.12 is fundamentally different from this and states that affected persons are entitled to some form of compensation whether or not they have legal title if they occupy the land by or before the cut -off date as indicated.

Based on this comparison, entitlement matrix presented in this RAP is designed to assist the process by bridging the gaps between requirements under Nigeria Law and the World Bank OP4.12. In comparison and bridging the gaps between the requirements under Nigeria Law and the World Bank OP4.12 (Table 5.1), it is emphasized that the higher of the two standards/instruments (the more beneficial to the project affected persons) should be followed as it also satisfies the requirements of the lesser standard.

Table5. 1: Land Use Act and World Bank OP 4.12 - A Comparison

Issue Nigerian Law World Bank OP 4.12 Land Owners: Statutory Rights

Cash compensation based on market value

Preference for land-for-land compensation. If not, cash at full replacement value, including transfer costs

Land Owners: Customary Rights

Cash compensation for land improvements; compensation in kind with other village/district land

Preference for land-for-land compensation, land of equal or equivalent value. If not, cash at full replacement value, including transfer costs

Land: Tenants Compensation based on the value of residual rights held under the tenancy agreement.

Compensation based on value of residual rights held under the tenancy agreement, plus disturbance allowances, Are entitled to some form of

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Entitled to compensation based upon the amount of rights they hold upon land.

compensation whatever the legal recognition of their occupancy.

Agricultural land users

No compensation for land; compensation for standing crops according to values established from time to time by State governments, Not entitled to compensation for land, entitled to compensation for crops.

Compensation in kind or cash for value of land; compensation at full replacement value for lost crops and economic trees and perennials, fully verifying or updating state lists of values, Entitled to compensation for crops, may be entitled to replacement land and income must be restored to pre-project levels at least.

Owners of structures

Cash compensation based on market values, taking account of depreciation Cash compensation based on market value for Owners of "Non-permanent" Buildings

In-kind compensation or cash at full replacement value including labor, relocation expenses, and transfer costs. Added disturbance allowances .Entitled to in-kind compensation or cash compensation at full replacement cost including labor and relocation expenses, prior to displacement for Owners of "Non-permanent" Buildings

Losers of livelihoods (farmers, business people, employees)

No consideration other than cash values for assets as described above by asset category

Key objective is restoration of capacity to generate incomes at least at levels prior to losses. Programs of assistance to achieve this objective. Compensation for periods of lost income.

Grievance procedure

No specific requirement for establishing an independent grievance mechanism

The grievance mechanism will be set up as early as possible in the process, to receive and address in a timely fashion specific concerns about compensation and relocation that are raised by displaced persons and/or members of host communities, including a recourse mechanism designed to resolve disputes in an impartial manner. The grievance mechanism, process, or procedure should address concerns promptly and effectively, using an understandable and transparent process that is culturally appropriate and readily accessible to all segments of the affected communities, at no cost and without retribution.

Rejection of Compensation

No categorical statement Where compensation to an affected person in accordance with an approved resettlement plan has been offered, but the offer has been rejected, the taking of land and related assets may only proceed if the project owner has deposited funds equal to the amount offered as compensation plus 10 percent in a secure form of escrow or other interest-bearing deposit satisfying the Bank’s fiduciary requirements. The project owner must also provide a means satisfactory to the Bank for resolving the dispute concerning the offer of compensation in a timely and equitable manners

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Source: TRIMMING Resettlement Policy Framework, Feb. 2013

5.4 Entitlement Matrix for Various Categories of PAPsBased on the comparison between Land Law in the Federal Government of Nigeria and Bank OP4.12, an entitlement matrix has been designed. This bridges the gaps between the requirements under Nigeria Law and the World Bank OP4.12 and ensures that the higher of the two standards is followed, since the requirements of the lesser standard are also satisfied. The Entitlements Matrix (Table 5.2) summarizes the types of impacts, PAPs who shall be eligible for compensation, what their entitlements shall be, and provides comments on implementation issues (5.2).

Table5. 2: The Entitlement Matrix for Various Categories of PAPs

Category of PAP

Type of Loss

ENTITLEMENTS

Compensation for Loss of Structures

CompensationFor Loss of LandAnd other Assets

Compensation for Loss of Income

MovingAllowance

Other Assistance

Land Owners

Loss of land

Full ReplacementCosts. None

Crops at marketRates in dry

Season None

Amountto bedetermined by PMU

Loss of Structure or Business

Compensation atFull replacement value not depreciated taking into account market prices for structures and materials

Lump sum payment of 6 months’ rent per tenant

For lost rentalincome, lump sum cash payment of 3months’ rent

Per tenant.

Moving toBe done free by project

Disturbance allowance to be determined by PMU

Land Tenants:

Loss of rentalaccommoda

N/A N /A . N/A N/A N/A

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tion

Land Users/BusinessTenant

Loss of Premises No Loss

Replacement costFor facilities thatcannot be moved

For loss ofBusiness income, payment of half of turnover for

3 months

Free moving if notificationbeforedeadline N/A

Encroachers(using Land)

Loss of Land

None

Where possibleAssistance in securing other access to land forCrops growing subject to approval of localauthorities/communities

Crops at marketRates in dryseason. For street vendors on right of ways possible access to other sites/locationwhere they can

legally work. None

PossibleEmployment withCivil works contractors, etc. and/or amount to bedetermined by PMU

Squatters(living on Site)

Loss of Shelter

Compensation at full replacement value for structure, relocation to resettlement site, with payment of site rent.

None

Payments in lieuOf wages while

Rebuilding None

Amount to bedetermined by PMU

Cattle Rearers

Loss ofgrazing area

Relocation to newgrazing sites

Where possibleAssist the cattleherdsmen to locate new grazing fields

No immediate loss of income

None Provision of alternative

grazing area

5.5 Eligibility Criteria Page 59 of 175

The PAPS that are eligible for compensation and other project assistance include:1. Those that are on the setback of 5metres that will be displaced.2. Those whose income will be impaired.3. Those who need to carry out construction works due to either relocation or shifting

backwards.4. Those whose properties are bulky and required finance for transportation.

The following criteria, which are contained in OP/BP 4.12(Para1), are adopted for this RAP.

Those who have formal legal right to land (including customary and traditional rights recognized by law of the country); documented in the form of certificates of occupancy, tenancy agreements, rent receipts, building and planning permits, among others. Unprocessed/unregistered formal legal documents will not bar eligibility and procedures for confirming authenticity of such documents will be established in the RAP

Those who do not have formal legal rights to land at the time the census begins but have a claim to such lands or assets - provided that such claims are recognized under the laws of the country or become recognized through a process identified in the resettlement plan.

Alternative means of proof of eligibility will include:

Affidavit signed by landlords and tenants for affected assets-(Farm plot). Witnessing or evidence by recognized trade union heads, traditional authority,

customary heads, community elders, family heads, elders and the general community.

Those who have been given the identification ticket number for their farm plot,

A census of all categories of losses and PAPs was undertaken based on the categorizations in the entitlement matrix provided herewith. To avoid an influx of outsiders to project areas and misuse of the compensation policy, the last date of the census (December 8th, 2016) served as the cut-off date for eligibility and no new PAPs will be eligible for compensation after this date.

5.6 Unit of EntitlementIn order to ensure that entitlements target those adversely affected, it has become relevant to understand the Unit of entitlement as used in this instrument. The “Unit of entitlement” is the individual, the family or household or the community that is eligible to receive compensation or rehabilitation benefits.

The unit of loss determines the unit of entitlement. That is, as a general rule, those losing assets are compensated for their losses. For instance:

Household entitlements are payable to the head of the household. Household headed by women are entitled to the same resettlement benefits as those headed by men

If an individual loses a small business or access to income generating resources, the individual is entitled to compensation or rehabilitation.

If more than one person owns or customarily uses expropriated resources, then they are entitled to share in the compensation.

If wives in polygamous households loses a small business or access to income generating resources such shall be compensated as individuals if they are losing land rather than just part of the household

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5.7 Eligible PartiesEligible parties for the purpose of this project are identified as Project Affected Persons (PAPs). This term refers to a collective unit of entitlement, and is used in this document to refer to individuals and businesses and any other group affected by the project. PAPs eligible for compensation shall be those who experience negative impacts on their assets or livelihoods as a result of the Project. Generally, measures will be incorporated in Project design to minimize adverse impacts.

The census carried out enabled the identification of those affected and eligible for assistance and the nature of assistance such as:

Those who have formal legal rights to land [resettlement assistance] Those who do not have formal legal rights to land at the time the census begins but

have a claim to such land or assets in dry season [resettlement assistance]The vulnerable groups will be given special attention/protection in compliance with the World Bank policy. These include orphans, widows and the aged whose assets are affected.

5.7.1 Rights to Land People who have formal legal, customary, or traditional rights to land have a right to compensation, at full replacement value (without depreciation), for the land and other assets that they may lose due to the proposed projects. If PAPs are physically relocated, they also have a right to other forms of assistance where applicable:

Alternative land that has all the advantages of the previous site, in terms of location; productive potential, access to public services, customers, and suppliers, etc.

moving assistance, support during a transition period while they re-establish their livelihood and standard

of living, and Other assistance such as land or plot preparation, credit to help re-establish their

business or livelihood. Such assistance is in addition to the compensation, and may be provided in cash/in kind, or in some combination.

However, on the KRIS Project there is no land take nor relocation issues on the irrigated farm plots.

5.7.2 Claims to Land People who have claims to land have a right to compensation, at full replacement value (without depreciation), for the land and other assets that they lose due to projects. If people who have rights or claims to land are physically relocated, they are eligible for the other forms of assistance.

5.7.3 Eligible Communities It is important to note that the eligibility may be claimed collectively e.g. as a community or religious group. Communities permanently losing land and/or access to assets and or resources under statutory/customary rights will be eligible for compensation. Example of community compensation includes schools and places of worship. The rationale for this is to ensure that the pre-project socio-economic status of communities adversely impacted is also restored. On the KRIS there are 3 places of worship identified within the sectors that are eligible.

5.8 Non-Eligible APs Page 61 of 175

Persons who occupy the area after the socio-economic study (census and valuation) are not eligible for compensation or any form of resettlement assistance, except perhaps for moving expense. Similarly, assets built after the cut-off date is not eligible for compensation.

However, it may be possible that some APs may have been missed in the Census. A sectoral map of farm plots have been produced for the sectors considered for rehabilitation, Therefore, farmers not on ground at the time of census and whose farm plots have been measured and captured in the map in absentia and can demonstrate that they are eligible will also be included during implementation.Also, if works are not initiated two years or more pass after declaration of the cutoff date, a new census and evaluation of properties shall be carried out.

5.8.1 No Rights or Claims to Land Individuals are not entitled to compensation if the project causes them to lose land to which they have neither rights nor claims. However, if these people are forced to relocate physically because of the subprojects, they are entitled to other forms of resettlement assistance to help re-establish their previous standard of living and income. This assistance could take the form of land, cash, other assets, employment, and so forth, depending on the specific situation.

People who move into an affected area just to get compensation and assistance, or after the cut-off date has been established, do not have a right to either compensation or assistance.

5.8.2 In-Eligible Legacy Issues As revealed during the consultations issues related to long-ago resettlement that require mitigation are ineligible in accordance with this RAP and under Bank resettlement policy. No compensation shall be made for any legacy issues as the stakeholders were made to be aware.

5.9 Adult Offspring and EntitlementsIt is considered expedient to outline the followings as part of this RAP in order to ensure less friction in the execution of the plan:

1. Adult offspring in the household are not eligible for separate entitlements. As a general principle, Bank policy does not make adult offspring residing within the household individually eligible for the complete household entitlement. For instance, if in the household of eight include two adults still residing with their natal family, giving each of them entitlement to a house and 2 hectares of land would go far beyond compensation for losses. This is not acceptable in this RAP.

2. Adult offspring are entitled to compensation for lost assets they own. Adult offspring (sons and daughters alike) residing within a household are entitled to compensation for loss of any productive assets in their name, assuming the losses are directly attributable to the project.

3. Adult offspring are eligible for rehabilitation assistance for loss of employment income. Adult sons and daughters residing within the household are entitled to rehabilitation assistance for any direct loss of employment income. If household entitlement packages are sufficient to restore household labor arrangements (for

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example, an agricultural household receives replacement agricultural lands), adult offspring living within the household are not automatically eligible for alternative rehabilitation assistance. A good practice is to extend such eligibility, if direct replacement of household assets is not feasible or sources of household income are expected to change as a result of resettlement.

5.10 Women and Children Entitlement In the affected areas, women play a very active role in on-farm and off-farm income generating and other economic development orientated activities, in addition to performing household duties. Accordingly those that have been identified as vulnerable and especially the women shall therefore receive special attention and support to maintain their sources of livelihood and production patterns.

This RAP ensures that women as a vulnerable group, and especially women-headed households, will obtain benefits equal to men in the project area.

Children are an important source of household income in many areas. Children’s wage incomes and subsistence production are counted in calculating household entitlements. However, children, as legal wards, are not entitled to separate compensation. It should be noted that as good practice suggests, households dependent on child labor can benefit from alternative income earning opportunities for adults while the children’s access to educational opportunities is improved.

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CHAPTER SIX6.0 Introduction The methodology used for valuing losses, or damages, for the purpose of determining their replacement costs; and a description of the proposed types and levels of compensation consistent with international, national and local laws and measures, as necessary, to ensure that these are based on acceptable values (e.g. market rates) is presented in this chapter.

6.1 Valuation MethodologyThe methodology used is outlined below:

6.1.1 Replacement Cost and Damage & Loss Assessment Methodology“Replacement cost’ is the method of valuation of assets that helps determine the amount sufficient to replace lost assets and cover transaction costs. In applying this method of valuation, depreciation of structures and assets should not be taken into account. For losses that cannot easily be valued or compensated for in monetary terms (e.g., access to public services, customers, and suppliers; or to fishing, grazing, or forest areas), attempts are made to establish access to equivalent and culturally acceptable resources and earning opportunities. Where domestic law does not meet the standard of compensation at full replacement cost, compensation under domestic law is supplemented by additional measures necessary to meet the replacement cost standard”

To assess damage and losses of economic assets identified, the Damage and Loss Assessment (DaLA) Methodology was adopted. DaLA is a flexible, comprehensive damage and loss assessment methodological tool presently used by the World Bank for the estimation of overall impacts such as that caused by disaster. The tool which captures the closest approximation of damage and losses is in line with World Bank OP 4.12 provisions on involuntary resettlement.

The tool was initially developed by the UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (UN-ECLAC) in 1972, has been modified and strengthened over more than three decades of application in post-disaster contexts around the world. The improvement has been through close cooperation of World Bank, WHO, PAHO, Inter-American Development Bank, UNESCO, and ILO.

The DaLA Methodology bases its assessments on the overall economy of the affected country/project area. It uses the national/project location accounts and statistics as baseline data to assess damage and loss.  It also factors on the impact of disasters/projects on individual livelihoods and incomes to fully define the needs for recovery and reconstruction.

The tool analyses three main aspects:

Damage (direct impact) - impact on assets, stock, and property, valued at agreed replacement (not reconstruction) unit prices. The assessment considers the level of damage (whether an asset can be rehabilitated / repaired, or has been completely destroyed).

Losses (indirect impact) - flows that will be affected, such as reduced incomes, increased expenditures, etc. over the time period until the assets are recovered. These are quantified at present value. The definition of the time period is critical. If the recovery takes longer than expected, losses might increase significantly.

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Economic effects (sometimes called secondary impacts) - fiscal impacts, implications for GDP growth, etc. This analysis can also be applied at sub-national/local levels.

DaLA method was used to determine compensation for economic trees because of its robustness and advantage over the traditional method of assessing the cost of an economic tree. DaLA method states that market value of yield per tree for the current season (agricultural season) and cost of re-planting and nursery should be used to determine the compensation rate for the economic tree while the Traditional Method equates the capital of the existing structure/ tree to the cost of reinstating the structure/ tree on the same type of plot at the current labour, material and other incident costs.

Current Market value of asset within the project area was used to determine the compensation rate for crops and land. This was determined via market survey of land per square meter and the market prices of the affected Trees in the project areas.

6.1.2 Valuation of Land

The World Bank OP 4.12 requires that displaced owners of land be provided with an area of land equivalent to their displaced land. It states that land restoration should be in a location that has similar value as the one displaced to the project. However, land resettlement will not occur since land take is small and will not warrant a physical displacement of persons. Furthermore, the issue of land take by the project has been addressed and agreed upon by the stakeholders during the public consultation that compensation be given to PAPs for their land resources.

6.2 Valuation – Cost of agricultural/Crop productionDifferent crops are cultivated in the scheme; Market survey was carried out thrice in the scheme, (before and after the Salah Break and before Christmas within a period of four months August to December) to determine the valuation because of the high inflation prevalent in the country at the time of RAP preparation. Table 6.1 is the market survey as at first week in December 2016 and Table 6.2 is the average of the three surveys. The Valuation is determined based on the rate utilized for the various farms by farmers in their cultivation as well as anticipated gains in the project area for each crop observed in the irrigation scheme.

Table 6. 1: Market Survey of an Ha for a Planting Season in Naira (₦)

S/N

Items G/Corn

Millet Beans Rice Water Melon

G/Nut Potatoes

1 Cost Per Bag 15000 15000 20000 12000 6000 8000 25002 Number Of Bags

Per ha 15BAGS

13BAGS

10BAGS

75BAGS

30BAGS

20 BAGS

30BAGS

3 Duration through Cultivation

4 MONTH

2 MONTH

4 MONTH

4 MONTH

2 MONTH

3MONTH

3MONTH

4 No. Of Times For Fertilizer Application

2 TIMES

2 TIMES

ONCE 3 TIMES

3 TIMES

ONCE ONCE

5 Weeding Number 3 3 2 2 2 2 2

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Of Times TIMES

TIMES

TIMES

TIMES TIMES TIMES

TIMES

  Cost Per labour for an ha

6 Cost Of Cultivation/Weeding An ha

20,000 20,000 20,000 35000 20,000 20,000 20,000

7 Monthly Water Rate charge/500

500 500 500 500 500 500 500

8 Chemical (herbicide/insecticide) Used Per Planting Season

4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000

9 Amount for 1litre herbicide/insecticide

5LITRE

5LITRE

5LITRE

10LITRE

12LIRE

5LITRE

5LITRE

10a

Amount for 1Bag of MPK Fertilizer

10,200 10,200 10,200 10,200 10,200 10,200 10,200

10b Amount for 1Bag

of Urea Fertilizer

7,500 7,500 7,500 7,500

10C Amount for 1Bag

of SUPER Fertilizer

7000 7000

11 Cost Of Labour For Harvesting Per ha

25000

12 Number Of Times Chemicals (herbicide/insecticide) Are Used In A Planting Season

2TIMES

2TIMES

2TIMES

4TIMES

12TIMES

2TIMES

Table 6. 2: Average Crop Yield and Prices

Crop Sector Name Average Produce (100Kg of Rice) per 0.4 hectare

Average Price (Naira) per 100kg Bag

Rice Kura 23 11,250Garun Mallam 23 11,250Bunkure 22.48 11,250

Crop Sector Name Average Produce (No of Baskets) per 0.4 hectare

Average Price (Naira) per Basket

Tomato Kura 60 1,150Garun Mallam 60 545Bunkure 84.4 10,200

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Crop Sector Name Average Produce (No of 50Kg bags/Solos) per 0.4 hectare

Average Price (Naira) per 50Kg bag

OnionKura 40 11,500Garun Mallam 39 11,500Bunkure N/A N/A

Crop Sector Name Average Produce (lot [100 pieces] ) per 0.4 hectare

Average Price (Naira) per 50Kg bag

Water Melon Kura N/A N/AGarun Mallam N/A N/ABunkure 3.5 22,500

Table 6. 3: Cost Rate for the Affected Makeshift Resting and Praying Area

Items to replace Rate/unit (N)A Wooden structures

A1 Wooden slabs/planksA1.1 Stilts 2x6x12 ₦1600 unitA1.2 Roofing wood 2x2; 2x3; 2x6 ₦800 – ₦1,200 unitA1.3 Plywood 4ft x 8ft ₦3,100

A2 Zinc roofing sheets ₦20, 000/bundleA3 Palm fronds ₦500/bundleA4 Nails ₦200 - ₦250/kgA5 Labor

A4.1 Labor per day ₦2,500/dayA4.2 Labor for dismantling small structure ₦5,000A4.3 Labor for dismantling medium structure ₦7,500A4.4 Labor for dismantling large structure ₦10,000

B Block structures B1 Bag of cement ₦2,000/bagB2 6inch block ₦180/blockB3 9inch block ₦200/blockB4 Load of sand ₦25,000/loadB5 Load of gravel ₦65,000/loadB6 Labor per day ₦5,500/day

C Rent C1 Average rent rates in project areas ₦1,000/ space per monthC2 Transaction costs

D TransportationD1 5 Ton delivery truck ₦20,000/day

6.3 Compensation Rate- Guidelines for Temporary Acquisition of AssetsThe irrigation project requires temporary use of private lands or structures for access, material storage, work sites, or other purposes.

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Overall, since temporary loss of lands or structures can adversely affect incomes or standards of living, a compensation guideline which provide the basis for any involuntary temporary acquisition at the project area have been developed (Table 6.5).

Nevertheless, it is suggested that contractors could obtain voluntarily temporary access through renting or leasing or exercise legal or regulatory authority over the parcel owned by the government.

Table 6. 4: Compensation Rate Guidelines for Temporary Acquisition of Assets

Asset Loss Guideline Basis/Remarks Crops on Farm Land

Compensation equivalent to the net average income that would have been obtained from the crops on farmland during the period of temporary acquisition in dry season; and

Restoration of the land to its original productive use or full compensation for the cost of restoration.

Explicitly delineate in contractors’ agreements the responsibility for restoring the land to its former productive use where impacted.

Temporary acquisition of agricultural land for one planting season (dry season)

Structures Compensation based on the remaining extent of access or use.

If temporary land acquisition produces only minor inconveniences (for example, periodic destruction of access), compensation to restore the structure to its original condition and an inconvenience allowance can be paid.

If structures themselves are temporarily acquired, or if use of the structure is precluded, alternative comparable accommodations, a rental allowance for equivalent temporary housing, or payment for constructing a temporary structure of a reasonable standard can be provided. Compensation should be paid for any moving or restoration expenses.

calculation for structures that may be affected

6.4 Resettlement Measures – OptionsThis RAP has been designed to fit the specific project circumstances, as well as the preferences of the PAPs.

Compensation will be paid for replacement value for asset on Land equivalent to loss. The Compensation package will also include cost of moving, such as transport costs as well as any associated land titling / improvement or transfer cost where applicable.

6.5. Specific consideration on Resettlement Measures in the Rehabilitation Works Area

The bulk of the civil works within this area is the rehabilitation of the drains, canals are de-silted and ensuring that the access roads and cattle ramps / pedestrian with bridges are installed or repaired. The 5metres setbacks from the canals have been designed to form the access roads and are also proposed to serve as the Cattle tracks.

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All the PAPs with their affected assets have been identified. During the field survey and consultations, the communities and PAPs were helped to appreciate that the 5metres setback from the canals does not belong to any of the PAPs and any other person other than the government. Thus for common good no one PAP would be compensated for any asset lost within the 5metres setback.

For the communal stalls/ resting place assets and demarcated praying areas within the 5metres setback also, the compensation will be dismantling and replacing allowances as they are on government land.

However, this RAP highly recommends that all PAPs must be given opportunity to harvest all their present crops without planting new ones before civil works commences within this 5metres. In the event that work exceeds this 5metress, compensation must be paid for all assets affected.

6.6 Modes of RestitutionThis RAP emphasizes “prompt and effective compensation at full replacement cost for losses of assets attributable directly to the project” in line with World Bank OP 4.12 Policy.

For households with land-based livelihoods that lose a significant portion of their holding, Bank policy gives preference to land-based strategies. “These strategies may include resettlement on public land, or on private land acquired or purchased for resettlement. Whenever replacement land is offered, PAPs are provided with land for which a combination of productive potential, locational advantages, and other factors is at least equivalent to the advantages of the land taken”

Payment of cash compensation may be appropriate “where (a) livelihoods are land –based but the land taken for the project is small fraction of the affected asset and the residual is economically viable; (b) active markets for land, housing, and labor exist, displaced persons use such markets, and there is sufficient supply of land and housing; or (c) livelihood are not land- based. Cash compensation level should be sufficient to replace the lost land and other assets at full replacement cost in local markets.

All PAPs have been carefully documented with their photo ID. The notification for payment will include how compensation will be made and when. The peculiar local security situations shall be taken into consideration by the PMU in reaching out to the PAPs on compensation, especially where cash payment is involved

6.7 Compensation Payment and Procedures for Delivery of CompensationThe following principles should be followed for payment of compensation for lost assets:

Compensation shall be paid prior to acquisition or displacement; Compensation will be at replacement cost Compensation of all the PAPs adequately for asset and income lost accordingly. Payment of compensation will be made by the Resettlement implementation

Committee (RIC) to be inaugurated. This committee will include members of the PMU and selected traditional leader / community leaders from the affected location with representatives from KRIS/HJRBDA and WUA. Compensation benefits shall be settled before the construction phase of the project Works which will take place continuously over the 3-4 years within the east and west branch scheme as scheduled. Table 4.4 provided a suggestion schedule of rehabilitation works for RAP

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implementation. Therefore, before works start the resettlement committee will review the work plan from the contractor to determine farmers that will be impacted by the upcoming works. The farmers that will be impacted during upcoming season will be compensated before works start: e.g. farmers to be impacted during the works of November – May should be compensated in August/September.

The RAP implementation committee will verify the correctness of each PAP as stated in the register. Payments will be made accordingly at agreed locations and adequate information will be made available to all affected persons before payment. Such information will include how the payment will be made, dates, venue etc.

The procedure for delivery of compensation shall include:o Full payment of compensation carried out before possession of acquired siteso Formally make offers to affected persons and allow persons to accept or reject offer,

offer a counter claim and seek redress under the grievance procedures;o Resettlement Implementation committee communicates the compensation package to

the PAPs o PMU shall make arrangements with a commercial bank to effect payments at project

site without any challenge to the PAPs. o Necessary document of payments (PAP form) to the affected persons should be

presented to PAPs in the presence of other independent witness of the affected person and leaders of the communities.

o Each PAPs form and photograph shall be taken at the point of payment, the Finance Department of the PMU the KRIS project office and the commercial bank shall have copies each for record keeping;

o Comprehensive reports on payment made should be periodically submitted for review by the PMU

Figure6. 1: Process for payment of compensation

6.8 Income Restoration Strategy –Alternatives

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Full payment of compensation to PAPs

Communication of compensation package to PAPs

Resettlement Implementation Committee

Verification of PAPs

Possession of acquired sites

The key objective of the resettlement plan is to ensure that the economic and social future of the affected persons/households/communities is at least as favourable as it was prior to the project. A participatory approach has been utilized in the development of the income generation programe in order to ensure that the ideas, wishes and needs of the stakeholders are included.

The program will support training in income generating activities with [adequate] commercial potential in the agricultural sectors. Potential measures could include any of the following:

Providing training for agricultural methods and technology to increase production Providing skill training to prepare participants for off-farm work within or outside of

the affected area, Providing access to, and giving preference to affected people in, employment

opportunities created by the project. Training in money management

Specific programs that could be carried out are outlined below:

6.8.1 Livelihood RestorationThe farmers’ livelihood restoration programs will therefore target areas of improving agriculture and small scale business development as well as enhancement of income generating activities.

6.8.1.1 Livelihood Enhancement and Community Empowerment ProgramTo improve the livelihood, security and quality of life of all PAPs in the project area, a program that strives to enhance their capacities in the areas of health, nutrition and education, thereby improving quality of life of household members is essential.

Such programs could include: Agricultural Training in crop and animal production, post-harvest loss

reduction and inputs support. Agricultural enhancement of irrigated land through mulching and compost

generated from the farm Micro Enterprise Development Training: including: entrepreneurship

development skills; business management; marketing; technical skill training in appropriate technologies (including rice, millet and guinea corn processing, baking, soap and pomade, mushroom production); and, input support.

Vocational & Technical Skill Training: in carpentry; masonry; welding; electrical installation; catering; and dress making.

Micro Credit Training: Program beneficiaries are trained in credit access and establishing linkages with financial institutions.

Community Resilience Development: involving building the capacities of community members, particularly the youth in service provision.

Capital Support - programs for income replacers incorporated in the project. Employment at Construction - local people whose livelihood get preference in

jobs associated with the project construction. Female affected people could form labour contracting groups with the help of the Project Management and be deployed by the contractor in simple excavations, bush clearing and other programs (e.g. tree planting and watering). PAPS should get preferential employment in project civil works based on their eligibility in the semiskilled

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and unskilled category. A clause should be incorporated in the contract document requiring contractors to give employment, if available to PAPs in preference to other persons.

Small business development - This will be accomplished through training in improved income‐generating covering such topics as selecting optimal business alternative, managerial training for businesses among others.

6.8.2 Agricultural Improvement Program This should be established to assist farmers affected by land acquisition and

resettlement activities. The goal should be to facilitate and incentivize access to agricultural land for farmers,

and to increase levels of production, crop yields, and market access, as well as developing crop diversity.

The Objective, to effectively distribute agricultural assistance to compensated farmers directly impacted by land acquisition activities in the Area.

The Process could include• Income restoration for the land based component through agricultural

improvement will be accomplished through training in improved crop varieties, fertilization, and post-harvest grain conservation; Provision of fertilizers and improved seeds, Extension services and related monitoring.

• Compensated farmers are registered and receive business training• Farmers receive cash inputs for land acquisition and clearance• Farming inputs are distributed with extension support from Ministry of

Agriculture extension officers• Further cash assistance is provided for weeding• Farms are monitored regularly

6.9 Vulnerable Programme

The vulnerable PAPs will require special assistance and protection that will help them overcome difficulties in the process of resettlement. To provide a safety net until they become self-sufficient and resilient to economic stresses as they were pre-project or even better, psychological preparedness of the entire resettlement process should be ensured. Also, priority should be given to this group in all mitigation measures related to them. Avoid transfer of stress to vulnerable groups who include the elderly (61‐80 years old) and widows through assistance with physical preparation of farm land (clearing, leveling, creating access routes, and soil stabilization); agricultural inputs (seeds, seedlings); etc. Ultimately, each affected vulnerable PAP should have means of income, access to medical care, and ability to feed himself / herself as well as monitoring of nutritional and health status to ensure successful integration into the resettled community (where actual physical relocation takes place).

The Program Assistance should involve the following as appropriate:a. Create awareness on the process of land acquisition and resettlement to the

PAPs to allow psychological preparedness of the whole process.b. Finance money management trainingc. Agricultural improvement training

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d. Vocational training in trades at local college and Educational scholarships for Orphans

e. Alternative livelihoods training

6.10 Gender-Specific Actions The following gender specific action should be undertaken to: Raise awareness levels of all relevant stakeholders, and engage in advocacy to ensure

that gender issues are identified and addressed. Work with local organisations that have an interest in/insight into gender issues, such as

groups with women membership, particularly the Women’s Associations such as Women Farmers Advancement Network (WOFAN) based in Kano. Besides ensuring greater participation, it would provide support during implementation.

Include gender issues into all relevant scope of work and contracts in RAP implementation.

Actively include women in the Sector WUA level. Ensure that their participation is sought during implementation and monitoring by

including them in the WUA sector as above.

6.10.1 Gender - sensitive project monitoring and evaluation, using gender indicators Entitlement certificates should be in the names of both (or more in the case of

polygamous households) spouses; for female household heads (FHHs) it shall be in the names of the women.

Provide entrepreneurial training and microcredit for women in farming.

6.11 Protection of Cultural Heritage and Worship Place

The World Bank EA physical cultural resources management plan that includes (a) measures to avoid or mitigate any adverse impacts on physical cultural resources; (b) provisions for managing chance finds; (c)any necessary measures for strengthening institutional capacity for the management of physical cultural resources; and (d) a monitoring system to track the progress of these activities shall be brought to bear.

The protocols to mitigate any adverse effects include continual consultation with traditional authorities and local communities.

6.12 Provision of Amenities for the CommunityAs additional support to the communities, and as part of the social responsibility of HJRBDA/contractor, assistance could be given to the rural poor communities as may be requested by the various communities such as the provision of potable drinking water alongside the tube wells that will be provided.

6.13 Environmental Protection and Occupational Health ManagementPrior to the commencement of this RAP, an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) has been prepared for the proposed project to assess the potential environmental and social impacts of the proposed rehabilitation of the Kano River Irrigation scheme including the dam. The ESIA established the modalities of implementing the rehabilitation works in line with the Nigeria Environmental Policies and laws and the World Bank Safeguard Policies listing mitigation measures as well as institutional roles and responsibilities in the implementation of the ESMP prepared to address adverse impacts during the work.

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The ESIA further developed mitigation measures for enhancing the positive impact and mitigation measures for managing the negative impacts. In addition, it also identified some specific plans such as the Occupational Health and Safety (OSH) considerations for the proposed rehabilitation works; a Waste management Plan; and the general environmental and social management conditions for construction contracts. These specific sections will guide the Contractors, PMU and other major project stakeholders in ameliorating the negative impacts of the rehabilitation works.

Therefore, this section of the RAP should be read and understood as well as applied in light of the ESIA document.

CHAPTER SEVEN

7.0 IntroductionOP 4.12, Involuntary Resettlement requires displaced persons to be “(i) informed about their options and rights pertaining to resettlement; (ii) consulted on, offered choices among, and provided technically and economically feasible resettlement alternatives.”(World Bank, 2008).

Thus in order to provide timely and appropriate information, consulted on resettlement options, and offered opportunities to participate in planning, implementing, and monitoring resettlement, the process of public involvement for the RAP preparations began very early during the site reconnaissance. This built on the stakeholder participations established during the preparation of the forerunner documents (ROSPIN, ESMF, RPF, feasibility studies, detailed design and ESIA) for the project.

Public involvement as it relates to this RAP includes public consultation (or dialogue) and public participation, which is a more interactive and intensive process of stakeholder engagement.

This Chapter essentially describes: the various stakeholders including PAPs consulted; the process of promoting consultation/participation of affected populations and

stakeholders in resettlement preparation and planning; the methodology for public involvement consultation which included focus group

discussion and interviews with all relevant stakeholders with active participation of women groups( taking into cognizance the cultural peculiarity of the project area), vulnerable groups and youths;

the plan for disseminating RAP information to affected populations and stakeholders, including information about compensation for lost assets, eligibility for compensation, resettlement assistance, and grievance redress;

Summary of consultation and major findings from consultations with PAPs and community groups; and

Issues/concerns and questions raised during consultation and how they were addressed.

7.1 The Need for Stakeholders Involvement Stakeholder’s involvement adds value to overall project decision making with increased sustainability and support building for projects. This is because it gives the stakeholders - PAPs and the general public - the opportunity to contribute to both the design and implementation of the project activities and also reduce the likelihood for conflicts. The

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more involved the local people are in the planning and management processes, the greater the likelihood that resource use and protection problems will be solved as well as the prospect of development opportunities occurring in a balanced way and to the broad benefit of all communities in the project. As designed for this RAP, the stakeholders’ involvement was directed at:

1. Obtaining local and traditional knowledge that may be useful for decision-making; 2. Facilitating consideration of alternatives, mitigation measures and tradeoffs; 3. Ensuring that important impacts are not overlooked and benefits maximized; 4. Reducing conflict through the early identification of contentious issues; 5. Providing an opportunity for the public to influence the decision in a positive manner; 6. Improving transparency and accountability of decision-making; and 7. Increasing ownership in the decisions made, and in turn, increase consent and even

assistance with implementation.8. Increasing public confidence in the project that it is sustainable9. Fully sharing information about the project, its components and its activities, with

affected people, 10. Obtaining information about the needs of the affected persons, and their reactions

towards proposed activities and ensuring transparency in all activities related to mitigation measures and knowing beforehand from local residents especially the PAPs the challenges anticipated with the project and how these can be overcome.

7.2 Core Values for Public ParticipationFor this RAP, the followings represented the core value of public participation:

Stakeholders, especially PAPs have a say in decisions about the actions that could affect their lives.

The promise that the public’s contribution will influence the decision. Seek out and facilitate the involvement of PAPs or those interested in the decisions. Seek input from participants in designing how they participate. Provide participants with the information they need to participate in a meaningful

way. Communicate to participants how their input affected the decision.

7.3 Basic Principles for the Public Consultation Since there is no one precise way of undertaking consultation, it became plausible to ensure that the consultation carried out for this RAP involved a process that was issue-specific. This means that the techniques, methods, approaches and timetables were tailored to meet the local situation and the various types of stakeholders consulted. The basic principle adopted included:

target those most likely to be affected by the project Scope key issues early enough and ensure they have an effect on the project decisions

to which they relate Relevant information disseminated in advance Present information in a readily understandable format and techniques used culturally

appropriate Ensure two-way communication so that both sides have the opportunity to exchange

views and information, to listen, and to have their issues addressed Gender-inclusive through awareness that men and women often have differing views

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Localized to reflect appropriate timeframes, context, and local languages Free from manipulation or coercion Documented to keep track of who has been consulted and the key issues raised Report back in a timely way to those consulted, with clarification of next steps Consultation is ongoing as required during the life of the project

7.4 Public Consultation and Management process

Rather than be seen as a one off thing, the consultation process for this RAP was a continous interactive process, one that begins during the planning for RAP until it is completed and into the life of the construction and operation phases (Fig. 7.1). The management process was structured to:

• Identify the relevant stakeholders, i.e., all those individuals, groups and organizations potentially affected by or interested in the project.

• Map the impact zones. Many methods are available to help project sponsors identify stakeholders. One practical technique is impact zone mapping. Mapping can help identify the full range of project-affected groups. By mapping environmental and social impacts, the project sponsor can begin to assess different levels of impact for geographically distinct groups and to prioritize stakeholders.

• Inform these people about the project and its potential impacts on their lives and activities in a timely manner and in a way they can understand?

• Provide opportunities and time for people to voice their concerns; identify local conditions, benefits and risks, and mitigation measures; and, where necessary, propose alternative approaches?

• Respond to the concerns and ideas raised? • Communicate these responses back to those individuals and organizations

consulted, and to the wider public?

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Source: IFC, 1998Figure 7. 1: Actions Adopted For Managing Public Consultation

7.5 The StakeholdersStakeholders for the purpose of this project have been defined as all those people and institutions that have an interest in the successful planning and execution of the project. This includes those positively and negatively affected by the project referred to as the key stakeholders. The “Key stakeholders” include anyone whose involvement was/is considered crucial to the project. They are people who stand to be directly affected, influential people, respected people, spokespersons for their sectors, and people with the authority to say “yes” or “no,” people whose local knowledge is important, people who may want to derail the process for personal gain and all those who think they are key stakeholders.

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Thus in addition to the PAPs, other interested parties who may be able to influence the outcome of the project, either because they can contribute knowledge or ideas to improve project design or mitigate negative social impacts, or because they have political influence in the project that needs to be considered (see Box 7.1). Based on the analysis, the following categories of stakeholders were identified, namely:

a. Primary stakeholders: individuals and groups who are affected directly by the project (people whose livelihoods need to be re-established, people whose access to natural resources is affected; people who may suffer adverse socio-economic impacts as a result of the project and are not covered by Bank safeguard policies.

b. Secondary stakeholders: those parties which have influence on, but are not necessarily directly impacted by the project (Project Local communities, elected public representatives, local and village councils, Traditional representatives, such as village headmen, or tribal and religious leaders, Leaders (chairmen) of local cooperatives, other community-based organizations, herders and local women’s groups. Table 7.1 is a Summary table of the categories of people consulted within the KRIS.

The following criteria were useful in appreciating the relevant stakeholders to involve, in which way, why, when and to what degree at any given time:

the significance of the effect of the project in the view of the stakeholder the importance of the stakeholder group to the proposed project the risk of getting incomplete information by excluding a group the opportunity to access new ideas the requirements of regulators or permit-issuing bodies (for example, to get

an operating license, a firm may be required to engage members of project host communities).

Table7. 1: Summary of categories of stakeholders consulted within the KRIS

S/N CATEGORY

1 District Heads

2 Water User Association Executives

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Box 7. 1: Some Questions that Assisted Stakeholders identification

Who will be affected by the negative environmental and social impacts of the project, both on- and off-site?

Who will benefit from the project other than the project sponsor and investors? Who will be responsible for implementing measures designed to avoid, mitigate, or

compensate for the project’s negative impacts? Whose cooperation, expertise, or influence would be helpful to the success of the project? Who are the most vulnerable, least visible, and voiceless for whom special consultation

efforts may have to be made? Who supports or opposes the changes that the project will bring? Whose opposition could be detrimental to the success of the project?

3 Water User Association Farmers

4 Hadeja Jama’are River Basin Authority Management & Sector Officers

5 Village Heads

6 Head Of Sectors

7 HJRBDA Revenue Collectors

8 Block Leaders

9 Zonal Officers

10 KNARDA,

7.6 Gender Considerations in ConsultationThis RAP aimed to ensure no gender disparities and enhance women’s participation in the project. This is because experience has shown that men and women often have different priorities, different perspectives on key issues, and may be differentially impacted by a project– with women bearing disproportionate negative impacts. In the project area, men and women virtually play different roles within the private and public spheres. With these different and complex roles comes differential access to resources and finances, to contacts and relationships, to personal skills development, and to opportunity and power.

It is important to state that women have an important role in household management and in economically productive activities, especially by making nonwage contributions to household subsistence.

Therefore, considering they are often likely to be excluded from participation and yet exposed to greater risk of impoverishment, the consultation process for this RAP integrated women’s perspectives (annex 2). They are in position to provide a more complete picture of the potential risks, impacts, and opportunities relating to the proposed project. Indeed their views were considered of utmost importance in the process of designing employment, compensation, and benefits programs, as these could influence special targeting in order to facilitate more equitable distribution.

In consultation with the women, the following were taken into consideration: Gender disaggregation of data which enabled the understanding of gender

differences related to the project. “Culturally appropriate” consultation which kept women in a more comfortable zone

to talk – use of a team that is gender-aware and can facilitate situations in a way that allows both men and women to express their views (see fig 7.2).

Get more women in the room –making meetings more accessible and convenient by choosing a time of day, date, and location convenient for women; asking networks with predominantly female membership to encourage their members to participate; and provision of logistic transport support to and from the meeting venue;

Culture where women’s voices are often not effectively present or heard in traditional meetings or workshops - special steps to create a venue in which women’s

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own issues and concerns can be raised (as an additional item at an existing meeting where women have gathered)

Raise priority issues for women to avoid domination by men and the issues that matter most to them - included getting such issues onto the meeting agenda, raising them in group discussions, and including them in survey questionnaires.

Figure 7. 2: Women Participation in Consultation at Bunkure and Kura

7.7 Stakeholder EngagementThe degree of stakeholders’ involvement in this RAP was based on the significance of the impacts which was considered relatively small impacts spread out over a number of villages/irrigation sectors. The affected persons were more consulted in order to appreciate their concerns and views about the project. Other village leaders in these areas were consulted in addition to other opinion leaders.

The consultation commenced from September 6th 2016 to December 8th 2016 with all the affected villages under Kura, Bunkure and Garrum- Mallam Local Government Areas. The Emir/ Emirate council and the Local Government Chairman /representatives in the three affected Local Government Areas were also consulted. The meetings interacted with the opinion leaders in the host communities of these PAPs and intimate them with the proposed project see fig 7.3 – fig 7.9

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Figure 7. 3: Stakeholders Consultation with MD representative – Mr. Badamasi, HJRBDA and APM, KRIS

Figure 7. 4: Consultation with Kano State Agricultural and Rural Development Authority

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Figure 7. 5: Consultation with HJRBDA, Bunkure and Manager, Tambulawa Water Treatment Plant

Figure 7. 6: Consultation with District Traditional Rulers

Figure 7. 7: Consultations with East Branch Canal Water Sectors Stakeholders Bunkure

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Figure 7. 8: Consultation with West Branch Water Users Association/Farmers at the Kura Project Office

Figure 7. 9: Consultation with Farmers and Community Leaders of KRIS at the Kano State Informatics Institute

7.8 Providing Stakeholders Opportunity to ParticipateIn order to obtain the views of representative of a broad range of the stakeholders including those in disadvantaged positions, diverse approach was followed by reaching out to every segment of the identified stakeholders announcing the project and the opportunity to participate both verbally and in writing, electronically and in print media. In other words, the opportunity to comment and to raise issues for evaluation was announced to the broadest range of stakeholders.

From the onset, stakeholders were equipped with background information which were presented in no technical language and generally made sufficiently clear. Empowering the stakeholders through this manner of information transfer enabled them to participate meaningfully and to the best of their ability as much as reasonably possible.

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Furthermore, general meetings were coupled with an "open-house" component where small groups of lay people were briefed in the language that was considered ‘’lay’ to reach their minds and hearts for meaningful contributions.

7.9 Engagement Strategies Identifying and consulting with stakeholder representatives, especially community leaders, served as an efficient way for the project sponsor to disseminate information to large numbers of stakeholders, and receive information from them. However, it is essential that these people are genuine advocates of the views of their constituents.

In order to reach the hearts of the stakeholders, appropriate engagement approach was necessary which included focus groups discussions, individual or small group interviews, surveys, formal referrals, key-person meetings, etc. The approach chosen reflected the engagement objectives, stakeholder capacity, cost and time constraints, and whether qualitative or quantitative information was required.

Methods used include the following: − interviews with key people and groups; − surveys, polls and questionnaires; − Focus groups − public meetings; − continuous participation processes involving agents or committees in

the project zone; and − other traditional mechanisms for consultation and decision-making.

The engagement process made special efforts to obtain the contributions of every stakeholder through the following ways:

Small-group briefing sessions at venues convenient to them. Checking their diaries before setting dates for major meetings and at all times,

sending them all documentation for comment, even proceedings of meetings they did not attend or discussion documents they did not request. This would ensure that such people cannot delay the process during the later stages by claiming that they have not been consulted.

Taking account the low literacy levels prevalent in the rural communities by allowing enough time for responses and feedback.

Community participation facilitated by experienced facilitators who spoke local languages and who understand local customs and circumstances.

7.9.1 Entry into the communityIn order to be accepted in the communities, it was considered necessary to, first and foremost, consult with both traditional and democratically-elected leaders, as well as other leaders - of women’s groups, religious groups or youth groups, Water Users Associations( through the KRIS project office). These are the best supporters of public interest, especially the village heads who are responsible members of their local communities and some are incidentally part of the potentially displaced individuals/households either in part or in whole.With time, others in the communities were also afforded the opportunity to participate as they wish, through private visits, media and especially radio announcements and announcement in public places like the mosques.

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7.9.2 Private Visits and Telephone callsFrom the onset, consultation started separately with the different sectors of society, small groups or individuals prior to exposing them to a multi-party situation such as a public meeting. This provided upfront/initial information to stakeholders on the opportunity to participate in the RAP preparation process.

This was carried out in acknowledgement of the following: Advance indication of sensitive or difficult issues. Different sectors have different issues and nuances to issues; whereas they may raise

their issues broadly at a public meeting, they may not provide the details or nuances. Not everyone is eloquent in a public situation, thus their issues may go unnoticed. Where people are angry or mistrust the proponent or government, they may disrupt a

public meeting. If the issues of various sectors are known beforehand, it is easier to assist the

different sectors to appreciate each other’s' views and to avoid conflict.

Key stakeholders were contacted by telephone prior to sending letters or placing the advertisements in the media. Courtesy visits were also paid to some relevant key stakeholders to get them informed first hand. For some who could not be reached on phone they were visited in persons.

7.9.3 Person-to-person or small-group/focus group consultationIn recognition of the degree to which stakeholders are affected, person-to-person consultation were also used to obtain people's opinion.

7.9.4 Letters of invitationA letter of invitation with background information on the project and RAP were prepared, addressed and sent to the District heads, WUA Executives and those on the HJRBA database informing and inviting them to the public meetings (Annex 3).

7.9.5 Advertising and media announcementsThe aim was to ensure that stakeholders are aware of the opportunity to be part of the stakeholders meetings as early as possible.Since most of the areas are rural, announcements, radio jingles, on an appropriate local radio station (Freedom Radio in a local language (Hausa) was done.In order to ensure thoroughness in reaching out to all relevant stakeholders, especially the project affected persons; there were also announcement at the various mosques on prayer days especially Fridays during the Jummat sessions. Also, Town criers were contacted to announce the meetings at various villages. This was geared toward reducing and indeed eliminating the chances for surprises during the process.

7.9.6 Public EventsTo ensure trust, create a shared vision and promote a partnership between the project and the public, public meetings were held across the project areas. Due to the size of the scale of work, three public meetings were held in each of the LGA comprising of Kura, Bunkure and Garum Mallam in order to:

Make the meetings accessible to more stakeholders in terms of travel distance- opportunities were provided people who have no income and are unlikely to travel to meetings for the costs involved.

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Group together people of particular areas, where issues may be specific to those areas and not to the study area as a whole.

Make the meeting more manageable

7.9.7 Obtaining issues for Evaluation and Suggestions for Alternatives

The objective of this task was to obtain issues of concern and suggestions for greater benefits for consideration in the RAP to develop the mitigation measures. Using a multi-pronged approach, issues were obtained from across a broad spectrum of sectors of society, and pro-actively sourced early in the process by a variety of methods as highlighted above.

At the beginning, efforts were made to help the stakeholders, especially the PAPs, understand the proposed project and the process, and especially the ways proposed for their involvement.

In addition, discussion was focused not only on potentially negative impacts that would be avoided or reduced/mitigated but also potential positive impacts that should be enhanced and, in particular, where there could be mutual benefits for all stakeholders were emphasized.

7.9.8 Verification that Issues have been Captured and ConsideredTo ensure issues discussed at meetings were clearly captured, opportunity to verify issues were provided as announced during the public meetings. The proceedings for the meetings were produced immediately after the meeting and recorded all the issues raised, to verify that all issues raised previously have been captured. The proceedings were distributed to leaders of key stakeholders who attended the meeting, with a request to cross-check the way in which their contributions were recorded and an invitation to raise further issues within a week of receiving the proceedings.

All public events during a public participation process commenced with an introduction by the facilitator to:

Welcome those present and outline the objectives of the meeting. Indicate how the public's issues will be considered, who the decisions will be made

by, and when. Indicate that those presents are welcome to disagree, i.e. that consensus is not being

sought but rather diversity of opinion.

7.10 Discussion with Stakeholders and Summary of Outcome ConclusionAt the meetings, the overview of the project and appreciation of RAP implementation and other related information were presented to the stakeholders in local Hausa language. Furthermore, the challenges emanating from the implementation of the project and the support needed/given from all parties to ensure effective project and successful implementation were also discussed.

At the fora, the potential PAPs and community members were provided information and consulted on resettlement options available to them, and offered opportunities to participate in planning, implementing, and monitoring resettlement as well as the grievance redress mechanism. The PAPs were specifically told that they have the opportunity to air their concerns and suggestions which will be incorporated to the extent possible in project design and implementation. They were made aware of their rights, which include compensation for

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impacts and alternatives – even if they are willing to give up land, assets and or livelihood in the general public interest. They also discussed their concerns and views about the intervention work.

It was stressed that compensation will only be for those who are affected in the course of the intervention work during the dry season and not before.Furthermore, the stakeholders were informed of the need to make available qualified local labour during the intervention works as may be requested by the contractor.

Stakeholders and affected persons expressed happiness and willingness to support the project. Stakeholders were commended for their willingness to support the project. Table 7.2 provides a summary of the concerns raised by the stakeholders’ and how they were responded to during the meetings or how the project addresses them.

Table7. 2: Queries/Observation and the response given to the Stakeholders

S/N Stakeholders Concerns RemarksInventory Concerns

1. If the project commences, will they be stopped from using their farmland for a season.

When will the construction work start, and how long?

Will the inventory of the PAPs be taken before the civil works rehabilitation commencement? During levelling, people may be omitted when they want to share land back or their farm size reduced; will this also happen in this case? All line canals should be concrete.

What happens to our economic trees

Yes, there will be disturbance on the irrigation channel in the course of the civil works rehabilitation particularly for dry season planting in the process.

The construction will be mostly during the dry season. Farmers might be able to farm during the rainy season

Yes, inventory will start before commencement of rehabilitation work. The project does not intend to take anybody’s farmland but inventory taken will make redistribution of farmlands to original owners.

Appropriate measures will be taken for such

Relocation concerns2. In case of relocation, will there be

space for relocation of the affected persons?

If there is adequate space, can other affected community/PAPs be resettled in other community?

Do you intend to go through the traditional ruler in order to relocate or compensate the affected PAPs?

If I want water and the person next to my farm doesn’t want irrigation, what will I do not to affect the other farmland?

There is space to relocate the affected person where applicable, however there is no relocation envisaged as the rehabilitation works is within the 5m setback.

Yes consultations will be made with all district head of Kura, Garum Mallam and Bunkure to sensitize them on the project and the basis for resettlement allowance to be paid.

canals will be assessed separately as it will pass through/beside all farmlands All these are part of rehabilitation process and have been factored into the

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engineering designHopes and Expectation concerns

3. We hope it is not when we plant that the officials will come that civil works rehabilitation want to start?

The job entails about 14,000hectares, how do you intend to take inventory of each farmland looking at the large expanse of land?

Our access roads are bad and we have difficulty in transporting our farm produce.

Some of the roads waterways that have been encroached, what will happen to the farmers farming in such areas?

No, you will be properly informed that it will come at a time when harvesting would have been done to minimize any loss.

We shall start first by meeting/consulting with each community and we understand farmers are grouped by hydraulic boundaries/association; hence we will get the names and proceed to farm to confirm and take inventory of what each person has.

All access roads along the primary and secondary canals have been included in the design for rehabilitation.

This has been taken into consideration, we have consulted with the District Heads, WUA sector Leaders and Farmers on this, the farmers will be informed appropriately to harvest their crops before rehabilitation works commence and would receive assistance for what is affected within and not outside the 5m setback as the case may be.

General Queries and Concerns4. Some farmlands have been

inherited and some owners have died, what plan do we have for those affected by project and are dead?

What happens to the inherited farmlands being shared among 5 children?

Who will be in charge of maintaining the canals?

We pay water Irrigation Service Charges before but will it continue after the rehabilitation works?

Must they farm rice after the rehabilitation works or anything they want to plant?

We understand some persons inherit some farmlands, so the appropriate person confirmed by you to own such farmland will be carefully documented.

Everyone’s farmland will be properly documented.

The canal will be built for your good, so carefully maintain it, also, HJRBDA will check on it from time to time.

Yes, but charges will be collected in groups.

It is expected that the most viable and profitable crop is planted.

Security Agency/Financial InstitutionSecurity

5. How do you intend to go about implementing/controlling the farmers without grievance

If assistance will be given, don’t

There is a procedure which will be outlined in the RAP report, which will proffer ways to address Grievance, and of course, the TRIMING project has

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you think it will create security challenges in the area?

prepared a grievance redress mechanismFor the project.

PAPs will be rendered assistance based on appropriate means which will pose no challenge.

WUA men and women6. .

Will the project carry everybody, including those not directly affected in terms of employment benefits and all?

The overall project is geared towards improving or restoring livelihoods. This project will carry all stakeholders involved along

HerdsmenConcerns

7. We want to know if the designs have plans for us and our cattle.

Are we going to pay water rate as regards this project, and we hope it will not be just said and not done

The designees envisaged to carry along at different areas the cattle tracks , watering points and signs, which will take cognizance of the route and pathways

This project have undergone stages, hence, the sponsors have ensure that all will go on as appropriate with your cooperation, again, the HJRBDA /WUA will be in position to ascertain appropriate Irrigation service fee.

AGREEMENTS REACHED AT THE CONSULTATIONS WITH FARMERS.1. The farmers indicated their support to the development and rehabilitation of the project sector by sector2. They acknowledged working for the project in carrying out the work and plead the project to employ them in the civil work3. They mentioned areas to be exempted from the civil work, which the project have obliged4. They have agreed to dismiss/shift backwards if they are found to have encroached the right of ways

7.11 RAP Implementation - Communication Strategy7.11.1 Information DisseminationThe following implementation activities shall be undertaken:

RAP disclosure in country (website of TRIMING & HJRBDA) and World Bank Infoshop. After clearance from the World Bank, the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) will be publicly disclosed in Nigeria, in both English and Hausa (executive summary) and on the World Bank Infoshop.

RAP approval and Public disclosure-cum-Launch Workshop: Upon approval of the final draft.

A public consultation and the disclosure awareness will be conducted at a location in the community to launch the RAP implementation. The awareness will have participation by representatives from the affected people and other stakeholders.

The objective of the workshop will be to: i. create awareness on the RAP contents,

ii. disclose applicable entitlements,

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iii. Provide information on compensation payable and land redistribution process.

iv. To inform the community of the RAP disclosure locations

7.11.2 Communication StrategyTo continually reach out to the various stakeholder groups as at when due, this subsection outlines the communication and consultation process or methods. Meanwhile, it makes sense to understand these two concepts, consultation and communication that are frequently confused with each other. Consultation with affected populations and other stakeholders is basically a two-way process in which the ideas and concerns of stakeholders and the project designer are shared and considered. Communication involves dissemination of information from the project proponent to the concerned public. These concepts should be kept separate.

Table7.3 describes the stakeholder engagement program and communication process by providing contact details of certain stakeholders, as well as by addressing communication methods and specific media that will be used to notify stakeholders of information. Any suggestions for improvement of proposed communication methods or media are welcomed and can be submitted via the contact information at the end of this document.

7.12 Documentation of Stakeholder Involvement and other Evidential IndicationThe record of consultation and participation for this RAP are attached as an annex to this RAP. It must be emphasized that documentation and other evidential indication for future consultation and participation process for this RAP implementation and subsequent monitoring are most relevant and should be kept in the project data base.Before commencing implementation, disclosure of RAP in the Project area shall be carried out with the objectives to:

Provide information, and bring clarity on issues raised relating to entitlements and benefits;

Consult and create awareness amongst local community members about rehabilitation;

Ensure that vulnerable groups understand the process, and that their needs are specifically taken into consideration; and

Solicit help from local government officials and other bodies, and encourage their participation in rap implementation.

The Executive summary of the RAP in Hausa will be printed and distributed to relevant persons/groups to inform people of RAP implementation arrangements.

Existing government institutional structures shall be used to disseminate information and communicate issues as part of the communication sstrategy.

Table7. 3: Stakeholder Engagement and Communication Process

Instrument Method Budget (₦)& USDFrequently Asked Questions (FAQs);

The FAQs sheet will anticipate questions that are likely to be raised by stakeholders and information that does not need regular updating such as Project design features. They will contain photos and diagrams to visually represent Project components/progress. 1. Information sheets will contain information about Project

 N945,000.00/Year or $3,000

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milestones and be updated to provide the most recent information. 2. These materials will be written in clear and simple English and Hausa for a non-technical audience; and made available where appropriate such as on the website and other strategic locations in the project area

 Website; Websites allow information to be readily available, as well as providing the opportunity for the information to reach a wider audience. A dedicated webpage will be established on TRIMMING’s main website to provide information on the Project. This will include updates on the Project, as well as Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs), advice for stakeholders on how to engage with the Project and a feedback form or inquiry service for stakeholders to provide comments on the Project

Newsletters and Direct Mail; and

Direct mail is an effective way of informing specific people regarding the proposed Project and will be used throughout the consultation process.

Create a section in the existing publication of the project

Annual Reports.

As part of the annual report of the organization, a summary of the implementation of its environmental and social management programme shall be included.

As part of the normal annual report

Telephone Number

Toll-free Telephone numbers will be included on information associated with the Project and provided for the local community and stakeholders.

630,000/year or $2,000

 Site Tours               

Site tours are a valuable mechanism for providing a deeper understanding of the Project. Site tours will be organized at appropriate times throughout the Project and will include government, traditional land owners or other key stakeholders; however, they will generally not be made available for the broader public. After the commencement of the Project, key stakeholders that could benefit from site tours are reference groups, referral agencies and emergency service providers.

1,575,000.00/Annum or$5,000

Briefings/Meetings 

Briefings/meetings are methods of providing information on a specific issue to a targeted audience such as industry or government, and are typically followed by detailed discussions, using a question and answer format. Regular briefings regarding the Project will be conducted for key stakeholders to keep them informed regarding the Project and to receive feedback.

N945,000.00 per annum or $3,000

Estimated dollar to naira exchange rate is 1$ equals N315

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CHAPTER EIGHT

8.0 IntroductionThe institutional framework governing the RAP implementation is provided in this chapter. Specifically, it describes the parties responsible for delivery of each item/activity during implementation of income restoration programs; and coordination of the activities associated with and described in the resettlement action plan. It further identifies the external (non-project) institution involved in the process.

8.1 Organizational Arrangement Coordination is a critical part of resettlement design. Thus as much as practically possible, this report has made clear the implementation process and responsibilities for the implementation of this RAP.

8.2 Resettlement Implementation Committee (RIC)After the disclosure of this RAP report, a RIC shall be created with the participation of the main stakeholders in the Kano River Irrigation Scheme (which are the HJRBDA, WUA, local leaders, TRIMING). The Committee will receive the work plan for the upcoming six (6) months from the contractor, which must be endorsed by the supervising engineer. This committee will meet twice per year to review the work plan to determine who will be affected by the project for payment, in addition to coordinating the overall activities of the RAP implementation.

To commence implementation process, the committee will meet first in February to appraise the works to be carried out during the raining season to determine the farmers that will be affected during the works from June – October and secondly in July to appraise the works to be carried out during the dry season to determine the farmers to be affected during the works of November-May, noting only farmers that cannot irrigate during the dry season farming that are affected are eligible for compensation. The essence of appraisal of works to be carried out in rainy and dry season is to properly engage the stakeholders and farmers. However only farmers affected in dry season’s work are eligible to be paid.The list of the farmers with their identification number of their farm plots are attached in annex 5 and the maps for each sector have been produced legible to facilitate implementation as annex 6. In addition, the RIC will also meet every 6 month to review and re-evaluate the compensation due to each farmer in line with inflation reality in the scheme for subsequent years.

A list of farmers to be affected by the project will be developed by the Resettlement Implementation Committee from the RAP report. This list will be disclosed publicly at the RBDA; with copies at the KRIS project office and appropriate villages. This list will be circulated at the WUA level, through community radio and other means by the TRIMING communication unit to ensure transparency of the project so that all farmers would know in 3 months in advance if the works will impact their farms or not.

After the disclosure of this list, a simple ‘PAP form’ for each farmer will be prepared and distributed to affected farmers. This form (see annex 7) will be filled by the PAP and signed by the KRIS project manager, the WUA representative and the relevant traditional ruler of

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each PAP. This form will be distributed from the KRIS project office with the assistance of the RIC committee to representative of the applicable sector WUA, to be distributed to the PAPs within the sectors earmarked for rehabilitation/conversion. The TRIMING scheme safeguards officer with support from the HJRBDA will ensure that this form is properly filled and also assist PAPs who cannot read or write in filling the form. The completed form with each PAPs passport photo affixed would be presented at the point of compensation payment, signed or thumb printed

A properly constituted structure for administration and implementation of this RAP is imperative and agreement must be reached from the onset with the committee members. The roles and responsibilities of the RIC are outlined in the section below.

8.2.1 Roles and Responsibilities of the RIC• Carry out meeting with all PAPs. • Provide all necessary information to the PAPs regarding guidance value and basis

for calculation of amount due. • Negotiate and firm up the final consent price. • Intimate the decision for payment of compensation to the PAPs • Ensure the Implementation of the RAP without any conflict • Ensure that the project work plan adequately reflect the recommendations of the

RAP• Establish dialogue with the affected persons and ensure that the concerns and

suggestions are referred to the PMU for appropriate response and management • Provide any other support where necessary during RAP implementation

All members of RIC must be people who are knowledgeable in the use of local mechanism to settle grievances and who can ensure equity across cases and also be in position to know and eliminate nuisance claims and satisfy legitimate claimants at low cost

8.3 Composition of the Resettlement Implementation Committee (RIC)After due interaction with the PAPs and the KRIS project office on the basis of trade and/or leadership in the community, members that could be part of the Community Resettlement Implementation Committee were identified with inclusion of representatives of the RAP consultant and TRIMING safeguards team. The names and contacts are outlined in Table 8.1

Table8. 1: Suggested Names of Resettlement for Implementation Committee Members.

S/N Name of Member Representation Community/ organization Contact Phone 1 Representative of

District Heads Relevant LGA. Kura, Bunkure and Garrum-

MallamTo be contacted

2 Representative of the Local Government

Relevant LGA Kura, Bunkure and Garrum-Mallam

To be contacted

3 Representative of Kano State Government

Representative of Kano State Government

Kano State To be contacted

4 Community Representatives- List as Attached in Annex 4

5Elijah Siakpere TRIMING

Social TRIMING 09037808547

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Safeguards6 HJRBDA Representative HJRBDA HQ To be

contacted7 Accountant TRIMING

AccountTRIMING 09037808544

8 Auditor TRIMING Auditor

TRIMING 09037808543

9 Project Manager KRIS EAST KRIS 0805101200910 Project Manager KRIS WEST KRIS 0803682797211 Mr. Bello

(RAP Project Officer)

KRIS EAST KRIS 08050561115

12 Mr. Samshudeen KRIS WEST 0803466844613 TRIMING

CommunicationTRIMING Project

TRIMING 09037808540

Table8. 2: RIC members Roles and Responsibilities

NoROLES RESPONSIBLE ACTOR

a. 1 Coordination of Activities PMU, safeguards unit, communication and KRIS project manager

b. 2 Vetting and provision of land for PAPS where such issues arise if rehabilitation work goes outside the 5m setback. (There is no land take in the KRIS rehabilitation work within the established setback.).

HJRBDA- HQ, KRIS PM, APM services

c. 3 Provide support during PAPs identification and collation of compensation dossier of PAPs.

PMU safeguards, RAP consultant, KRIS project manager and WUA rep.

d. 4 Validate and identify the right PAPs with proof of eligibility and Consultations.

Traditional leaders, PM KRIS, WUA Representative,

e. 5 Coordinates, supervise the implementation of RAP in accordance with the principles and procedures specified in the RAP.

TRIMING safeguards

f. 6 Receive, assess and process and decide on complaints related to compensation assistance and report to the aggrieved parties about the decisions regarding them

WUA, KRIS PM, TRIMING safeguards

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NoROLES RESPONSIBLE ACTOR

g. 7 Disseminate information on date, venue and process of RAP implementation to PAPs through community radio, town hall meetings etc.

TRIMING communication, Safeguards, KRIS PM and WUA

h. 8 Disbursement of compensation payment TRIMING Audit & Account

8.4 Existing Capability and Proposed capacity building for RIC

Effective implementation, as a consequence, centers on both application of technical skills and an appropriate level of commitment to resettlement principles and objectives.

Based on the interaction with the relevant stakeholders, assessment and determination of the characteristics of all project affected persons (PAPs) as well as the assessment of the capacities of the RIC, the need for additional capacity building for the involved actors were identified which will support a long-term consultation during the RAP implementation.

It is the responsibility of Social Safeguard Specialist to ensure that all identified members of the implementation team capacity is built prior to the implementation of this action plan and the PMU provides the budget. This shall be held at a venue within the KRIS premises which will be communicated to the RIC via different means of communications such as phone calls, letter or SMS by the TRIMING communication unit.

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Table8. 3: Awareness and Capacity Building Needs for RIC and other Relevant Stakeholders

S/N Duration Subject Target Audience Resources Budget (₦)

1 120mins Introduction to Social and Resettlement Issues

Basic Concepts in Resettlement Issues

Main issues associated with Involuntary Resettlement

Nigeria legal and statutory requirements and World Bank Safeguard policies

Awareness and capacity building development for farmers

HJRBDA Staff, KRIS, WUA, RIC

• PowerPoint

presentation

• Associated handouts

600,000.00

2 2days Involuntary Resettlement and Relevant Safeguard tools

RAP Planning Requirements

Implementation Requirements

Grievance and Conflict Management and Resolution

Documentation and Disclosure Requirements

Eligibility and Entitlements

Resettlement and Compensations packages

Monitoring and Evaluation of RAP

HJRBDA/ KRIS Staff, RIC,WUA

Full text of OP 4.12

for each participant

• PowerPoint

Presentation650,000.00

3 120Mins Public Involvement and Consultation in RAP

RAP Overview

Community Participation and Consultation

Monitoring and Evaluation

PMU, KRIS office, RIC Community leaders/PAPs representatives (WUA)

• Associated

Handouts with Hausa version 450,000.00

Total 1,700,000.00

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Table8. 3: Awareness and Capacity Building Needs for RIC and other Relevant Stakeholders

S/N Duration Subject Target Audience Resources Budget (₦)

$5,396.83

8.5 Budget and cost

This Section provides information on the estimated budget for the overall implementation of this RAP and source of funds. In budgeting, the following were taken into consideration:• Budget for resettlement is sufficient and included in the overall project budget.• Resettlement costs, if any, to be funded by the Government and the mechanisms that

will be established to ensure coordination of disbursements with the RAP and the project schedule.

• Estimated budget, by cost and by item, for all resettlement costs including planning and implementation, management and administration, monitoring and evaluation, and contingencies.

• Specific mechanisms to adjust cost estimates and compensation payments for inflation and currency fluctuations.

• Provisions to account for physical and price contingencies.• Financial arrangements for external monitoring and evaluation including the process for

awarding and maintenance of contracts for the entire duration of resettlement.• Land speculation or influx of ineligible persons at the selected sites.• Financial responsibility and authority.• Sources of funds for resettlement and describe the flow of funds.

8.5.1 Budget and Cost EstimateA detailed inventory of all affected assets provides the basis for estimating the compensation and assistance costs. The total cost implication for the implementation of the RAP is expected to cover compensation, assets affected and additional mitigations for livelihood restoration measures, coordination of additional mitigations, grievance management, logistics and compensation commission. In addition, a provision of 10% of the total budget for contingencies is added to the current budget.

Table 8. 4: Budget Estimate for the RAP Implementation

S/N ITEM COST (NAIRA)

Total (NAIRA)

A Compensation for A1 Land N/AA2 Agricultural resources 425,516,337A3 (3nos) Praying Area 45,820 x 3 137,460.00A4 (10nos)Plank Structures 25,000 x 10 250,000.00A5 (5nos)Palm fronds Structures 10,000 x 5 50,000.00

Sub-total 425953797.00B ADDITIONAL MITIGATIONSB1 Grievance management 2,000,000.00

Sub-total 2,000,000.00

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C IMPLEMENTATION COSTSC1 Compensation Commission witness 1,500,000.00C2 Capacity building/Institutional Strengthening 1,500,000.00C3 Disclosure 500,000.00C4 Counseling of the Vulnerable and subsequent

monitoring of PAPs2,000,000.00

C5 Logistic 4,000,000.00Sub-total 11,500,000.00

D Total 437,453,797.00E + Contingencies 10% 43,745,379.70F Grand total 481,199,176.70

@ N315 to 1$ equivalent ($1,527,616.43)

*Allow farmers to harvest their crops before civil works for the project to reduce the cost*cost of economic trees is not included because economic trees were found in farm therefore will not be affected. *Allow time for annual/seasonal crop owners to harvest their crops cost will go down

8.5.2 Financial Responsibility and Authority

The TRIMING is the source of this fund for the payment of the necessary compensations and mitigation measures and overall implementation of the RAP.

It is recommended that work commence on smaller sectors before the bigger sectors to guard against losing two seasons in sectors which had been envisaged to lose only one season being the dry season. However, it is important to note that the breakdown in table 8.4 below may still be adjusted during implementation. The breakdown is given in the table below:

8.6 Implementation ScheduleThe resettlement program will be coordinated with the timing of the civil works. The required coordination has contractual implications, and will be considered in procurement and bidding schedules, award of contracts, and release of cleared Sectors to project contractors.

The timing mechanism of this RAP shall ensure that before any project activity is implemented, PAPs will need to be compensated in accordance with this RAP and the resettlement policy framework that had been prepared. The schedule for the implementation of activities must be agreed to between the Resettlement Implementation Committee, the PAPs and the supervising engineer. This includes the target dates for start and completion of all compensations before civil works commence for the project.

Before works start, the RIC will review the proposed civil work plan for the upcoming six (6) months endorsed by the supervising engineer to determine the farmers that will be impacted by the works. The farmers that will be affected during the upcoming dry season work of November –May in any sector will be compensated in August/September. That is compensation for each sector will be concluded at least 2 months before the commencement of rehabilitation work.

Given the entitlement payment entails a large number of fairly small amounts of money every six months, it was agreed that the payment should be made through a suspense account

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opened in a commercial bank. Eligible PAPs will be paid unit by unit according to the farmers’ hydrological boundary in batches each day at a location to be determined by the RIC during their meeting. This location will be adequately communicated to all farmers in the scheme to guard against overcrowding. Entitlement for deceased PAPs will be paid to the applicable court of law for disbursement to the family of the deceased in line with Islamic injunction. Similarly, entitlement due to orphans shall be disbursed to the recognized guardian or household head responsible for custody of the orphan.

The TRIMING PMU will engage the services of a local bank to make compensation payments to all eligible PAPs. This bank will be recruited through a fair and transparent tender process where the best quality and best value proposal will be chosen. Any administrative or bank fees that are incurred will be borne by the TRIMING project. PAPs will receive their full compensation payment with no deduction for charges, fees or interest. Although the payments will be paid by the bank the process will be monitored and witnessed by the RIC. Any complaints or concerns about the process will be referred to the TRIMING grievance redress mechanism.

As many of the PAPs do not have bank accounts, a series of financial literacy workshops will be organized in order to ensure that people are able to maximise their compensation wisely.  In compliance with World Bank safeguards, farmers must be compensated before works start. Each compensated farmer’s PAP form and his/her picture shall be kept by TRIMING project account and KRIS project office. After completion of payment to PAPs in each sector, the commercial bank will send the list of paid PAPs to TRIMING/RIC for reconciliation. The reconciled list of paid PAPs is then signed off by RIC/TRIMING and sent back to the bank for record keeping.

After conclusion of compensation payment in each sector, a confirmation letter of payment of compensation to all PAPs in that sector and a request for ‘no objection’ to commence work in the sector will be sent to the World Bank for approval.

Knowing that some vulnerable groups such as elderly, widows, women, people living with disabilities etc. exist in the scheme and were identified, these will be given special attention during payment of compensation. Upon completion of payment of compensation, a certificate of payment of each PAP will be kept by the TRIMING office and the KRIS project office. 

8.6.1 Compensation Payment Arrangement and ScheduleThe payment process will be as follows:

TRIMING/RIC pre-qualifies eligible Project Affected Persons (PAPs) by sector WUA for payment.

Commercial bank to open an internal account tagged “TRIMING Suspense Account”. TRIMING is informed when an internal account is opened for the project. TRIMING informs World Bank of its readiness to receive the first inflow of money

into the commercial bank via Central Bank of Nigeria. TRIMING transfers the amount to be disbursed to the first set of PAPs to the

commercial bank. Treasury credits the internal account opened in the branch. TRIMING/RIC generates list of eligible PAPs and advice commercial bank with their

corresponding cash compensation. The information on the list of eligible PAPs will include the Unit and Sector WUA to which the PAP belongs.

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TRIMING/RIC advices location of qualified PAPs. PAPs are called as per the list advised by TRIMING/RIC for collection of cash

compensation accredited by TRIMING. Commercial bank makes payment at site to PAPs Payment to each batch of PAPs is scheduled to commence approximately 2 months

before the contractor moves to site for rehabilitation works in identified farm locations (unit and sector WUAs).

Each PAP details are filled on a form designed by the RIC for this project and the said PAP signs or thumb prints the form before collection of cash compensation. This will be witnessed and co-signed by a third party.

The leader of each Unit WUA will confirm at the point of payment, that this is the correct beneficiary.

At the end of each payment exercise, the commercial bank will send the list of paid beneficiaries to TRIMING/RIC.

TRIMING/RIC will then undertake a reconciliation/review of those paid and where there is no issues for reconciliation, then sign the relevant page of the payment schedule and subsequent send a copy to the commercial bank for their records

TRIMING will further to completion of above, then send to the World Bank a confirmation that all the members of Sector WUA have been paid and a request of no-objection to start works in that Sector.   

The WB will review the request and provide no objection where appropriate

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Review of request by World Bank & provision of “no –objection” where appropriate.

TRIMING shall send to World Bank confirmation of payment to PAPs and no objection for civil work at the compensated sectors

Submit list of beneficiary to RIC to review, sign and send a copy to commercial bank for their records.

Beneficiary PAPs completes form with signature/thumbprint before payments, witnessed by third party

Cash payment to PAPs at least two months before commencement of civil works

Advice commercial banks with information of eligible PAPs, with regards to units, sector and location for payments

Treasury Credits the internal account opened in the branch

Communications between TRIMING & World Bank on the readiness to receive first money inflow

Registration/Opening of “TRIMING Suspense Account” with commercial banks

Pre-qualification of Eligible PAPs by TRIMING/RIC

Figure 8. 1: Flowchart for Compensation Payment Arrangements & Schedule

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Table 8. 5: Suggested KRIS rehabilitation work plan

YEAR COMPLETED. SECTORS

Ha BUDGET (₦) US$ UNCOMPLETED.SECTORS

Ha BUDGET (₦) US$

1. CirinShiyeKodeYuriKulumaRugaYakasiaKarfiTsauniMakworo Kosawa

2,991.29 97,230,194.00 308,667.28 Makunturi 288.89 9388855.00 29,805.89

2. TsanbankiLauteyeTurbaUngwa RimiKorawaBunkure ABunkure BPakoDaliliM. GabasMajaboButalawaGori NorthGori South

3,000.17 97509692.00 309,554.58 Dambala 205.65 6683585.00 21,217.73

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RakaunaMauraAzore I & II

3. BengazaWaireYantomoBarnawaGayereSamawaKore

3,139.34 102,030,792.00 323907.28 Unguwar Rimi B 154.74 5028645.00 15,963.95

4. KadawaDorawaGafanAgolasYadakwariRajeAgalawa

3,311.98 107,644,574.00 341728.81

SUB TOTAL

  12,442.78 404,415,252.00 1,283,857.94   649.28 21,101,085.00 66,987.57

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Table8. 6: Major Component Tasks and Schedule for the RAP

Activities 2017 2018 RemarksMA AP MY AU SE OC MA A

USE OC NO DE

Disclosure of RAP

Feb./ Mar. 2017

Inauguration of RIC

April 2017

RIC Compiles list of PAPs

May, 2017

Disbursement of Compensation assistance and any other Supplementary assistance.

Aug./ Sept. 2017

Follow up on compensation payment to PAPs by RIC/PMU

Sept. 2017

Rehabilitation/Civil Works for the dry season– Commencement of project operations.

Oct. 2017

RIC Compiles list of PAPs

Mar, 2018

Disbursement of Compensation and any other Supplementary assistance.

Aug. /Sept., 2018

Follow up on compensation payment to PAPs by RIC/PMU

Sept., 2018

Rehabilitation/Civil

Oct, 2018

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Works – Commencement of project operations.Income Restoration Assessment

On going

Footnote: The timeline drawn above is based on summary of consultations with farmers and from the 5th ISM Aid Memoir. It is specifically for the rehabilitation works envisaged for the dry season period when rain fed farming will not be available to affected farmers.

Figure8. 2: Flow Chart of RAP Implementation

8.6.2 Coordination with Civil Works –Principles of RAP ImplementationThe project will adhere to the following important principles in its implementation:• No construction should be undertaken unless PAPs have received their resettlement

entitlements in accordance with this RAP.• Information sharing and consultation with PAPs will continue throughout the planning

and implementation phases of the project, including the restoration of livelihoods.

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• A completion survey of the delivery of compensation and resettlement entitlements will be undertaken as per this RAP and other relevant instrument prepared for the project.

• The schedule for the implementation of activities must be agreed on by the Resettlement Implementation Committee, the supervising engineer and the PAPs such as

o target dates for start and completion of civil works, and o dates of possession of land that PAPs are using.

8.6.3 Green Light Conditions

Specific RAP activities that need to be completed before commencement of physical works on the project would be: • Preparation of work plan based on the construction schedule given by civil works

contractor for the various sectors; • Issuance of signed entitlement certificates indicating compensation amounts; and • Payment of compensation for all affected assets including annual compensation to PAPs

for loss of crop production for the number of years considered for the entitlement. • Sector by Sector management of the resettlement activities and civil works

8.7 Prolonged Implementation DelaysProlonged moving delays from the time of project identification to actual implementation of this RAP can also distort normal household patterns (for example, lack of investment, land divestiture, or inheritance). Upgrading the census surveys is useful in identifying children who have reached adulthood in the interim, as well as families within households who may have lost productive opportunities because of the project, but well before displacement.

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CHAPTER NINE9.0 IntroductionIn this chapter, a description of the step-by-step process for registering and addressing grievances and provide specific details regarding a cost-free process for registering complaints, response time, and communication modes are presented. It also describes the mechanism for appeal and the provisions for approaching civil courts if other options fail.

9.1 The Need for Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)The Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) describes the process by which people affected by the project can bring their grievances to the project management in a culturally appropriate manner, for consideration and redress.

It is understood that effective organizational design and coordination substantially decrease the probability of problems in implementation. Nevertheless, some affected persons are still likely to believe they have been treated inadequately or unfairly. Providing an accessible and credible means for PAPs to pursue any grievances may decrease the likelihood of overt resistance to the project or of protracted judicial proceedings that can halt implementation.

Therefore, in the event that grievances arise, this redress mechanism has been prepared to address such. The Grievance mechanisms designed herewith has the objective of solving disputes at the earliest possible time, which is in the interest of all parties concerned. This mechanism explicitly discourages referring such matters to the law courts for resolution, which would take a considerably longer time. As much as possible, clear procedures for filing and resolving grievances from the affected population have been designed.

During the consultations, the affected persons were helped to appreciate that there are provisions for addressing any complaints or grievances. And the grievance procedure will further be made available to the affected persons through project implementation.

The mechanism provides an affordable and accessible procedure for third-party settlement of disputes arising from resettlement. This mechanism is localized as much as possible with the active involvement of the traditional rulers, local chiefs, KRIS project office, women leaders and representative of the WUA leadership.

9.2 Grievance Redress ProcessThere is no ideal model or one-size-fits-all approach to grievance resolution. However, for simplicity, accessibility, affordability, and accountability, the following components make for a good grievance mechanisms:

• Receiving and registering a complaint.• Screening and assessing the complaint.• Formulating a response.• Selecting a resolution approach.• Implementing the approach.• Announcing the result.• Tracking and evaluating the results.• Learning from the experience and communicate back to all parties involved.• Preparing a timely report to management on the nature and resolution of grievances.

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As much possible, a localized mechanisms that take account of the specific issues, cultural context, local customs, and project conditions and scale have been adopted for this RAP.The Grievance procedures highlighted in this Chapter fall into four steps as outlined in Table 9.1.

Table9. 1: Grievance Procedures Steps

Step

Category Activities

1 Reception and registration

PAP files complaints or grievances with regard to any aspect of the resettlement project verbally, in writing or through a representative in English or local language.

The PAP first instance where to complaint is the “unit WUA”. If the Unit WUA cannot resolve the complaint, then the Unit WUA will bring it up to the Sector WUA. If the grievance can be solved at ‘Sector WUA level”, then it stops at that level. If the grievance is not resolved at the “Sector WUA level”, then it is escalated to the Apex WUA level. If still unresolved, then a notification to the “Social and Environmental officer” of the scheme should be made.

Complaint recorded by the implementing agency with the name of the griever, address and location information, the nature of the grievance and the resolution desired.

Grievance made acknowledged within 48 hours of receipt by an official authorized to receive grievances

2 Resolution All grievances referred to the appropriate party for resolution Resolution made within 15 days after receipt of grievance. If additional information is needed, project management can

authorize additional 15 days for resolution. Results of grievances disclosed to the griever in writing with an

explanation of the basis of the decision. The resolution of the grievances will be handled by the “Social

and Environmental officer” with the support of the rest of “RBDA Scheme Management team”, the Local Authorities and the Social Safeguards of TRIMING PMU.

3 Appeals Grievers dissatisfied with the response to their grievance may file an appeal.

In such cases, the responsible authority assembles “The PMU (Project Coordinator” to hear cases including at least one disinterested party from outside the agency responsible for the resettlement project.

There will be no further redress available outside the resettlement project. In such cases, grievances would need to be pursued through the legal system.

4 Monitoring During project implementation and for at least 3 months following the conclusion of the project, monthly reports will be prepared by the scheme safeguards officer regarding the number and nature of grievances filed and made available to project

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management.As the first point of call for resolving grievances, a compliant desk to collate petitions, complaints, etc. from aggrieved parties should be opened at the KRIS project office manned by the TRIMING “scheme environmental and social officer”. He refers all the issues to the PMU safeguards team who ensures appropriate channel of resolution of such grievances are reached with a view to resolving the issues.

The judicial system will be the last resort to redress the issues if informal conciliation does not resolve the matter. This admittedly is a costly and time-consuming procedure. Nevertheless, affected persons will be exempted from administrative and legal fees incurred pursuant to this grievance redress procedure. Besides, such grievances requiring higher level resolution will be facilitated by the scheme level safeguards officer.

9.3 Management of Reported GrievancesThe procedure for managing grievances should be as follows:

a. Each person responsible at its own level (unit WUA and Sector WUA) should disseminate their phone number for SMS complaints.

b. The TRIMING scheme level social and environmental officer will be the direct liaison with PAPs in collaboration with the WUA representative and KRIS project office to ensure objectivity in the grievance process.

c. Where the affected person is unable to write, the scheme level safeguards officer will write the note on the aggrieved person’s behalf and duly thumb printed by the complainant.

d. Any informal grievances will also be documented

9.4 Grievance Log and Response TimeThe process below refers to any grievances that were not able to be solved at Unit and Sector WUA. The process of grievance redress will start with registration of the grievance/s to be addressed, for reference purposes and to enable progress updates of the cases. Thus a Grievance Form will be filed with the “Environmental and Social Officer” by the person affected by the project. The Form/Log (Table 9.2) should contain a record of the person responsible for an individual complaint, and records dates for the date the complaint was reported; date the Grievance Log was uploaded onto the project database; date information on proposed corrective action sent to complainant (if appropriate), the date the complaint was closed out and the date response was sent to complainant.

The Project scheme level “Social Safeguard Officer” in recording all grievances will ensure that each complaint has an individual reference number, and is appropriately tracked and recorded actions are completed. In the case of a PAP not being satisfied by the “social and environmental officer” resolution, the PAP can appeal to the PMU (Project Coordinator) that would be the last instance to take decision.

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Table9. 2: A Typical Reporting Format for Grievance RedressCommunity project & Name of Complainant

Type of Grievance Grievance ResolutionA

ffec

ted,

but

not

in

form

ed a

bout

im

pact

s and

opt

ions

Com

pens

atio

n aw

arde

d is

in

adeq

uate

Com

pens

atio

n no

t pa

id b

efor

e as

sets

ac

quis

ition

Res

ettle

men

t be

nefit

s aw

arde

d ar

e no

t pro

vide

dot

her

Dat

e of

com

plai

nt

Dat

e re

ceiv

ed

Pend

ing

Cas

e re

ferr

ed to

the

Cou

rt

Unit WUA/Sector WUA1. Complainant 2. Complainant 3. Complainant TOTAL

9.5 Monitoring ComplaintsThe Project scheme level Social Safeguards Officer will be responsible for:

providing the PMU with a weekly report detailing the number and status of complaints

any outstanding issues to be addressed Monthly reports, including analysis of the type of complaints, levels of complaints,

actions to reduce complaints and initiator of such action.

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CHAPTER TEN10.0 IntroductionGood institutional design makes implementation easier, but effective monitoring ensures it stays on track. To establish the effectiveness of all the resettlement activities, this Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) procedures for the RAP has been designed. To set the context, it is helpful to distinguish between M & E in relation to this RAP:

Monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities are going according to the plan. It provides the feedback necessary for the project management to keep the programs on schedule.

By contrast, evaluation is essentially a summing up, the end of the project assessment of whether those activities actually achieved their intended aims.

With this, it is possible to readily identify problems and successes as early as possible. Thus this chapter describes the internal/performance monitoring process, Defines key monitoring indicators derived from baseline survey and provide a list of monitoring indicators that will be used for internal monitoring. In addition, it describes institutional (including financial) arrangements and the frequency of reporting and content for internal and external monitoring. Furthermore, the Chapter describes process for integrating feedback from internal and external monitoring into implementation, defines methodology for external monitoring and key indicators for external monitoring.

The RAP further encourages the project to proactively implement gender mainstreaming at the concept, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation stages thereby integrating gender sensitive initiatives into all design of the project and related activities.

10.1 Purpose of MonitoringThe purpose of monitoring is to provide Project Management, and directly affected persons with timely, concise, indicative information on whether compensation, resettlement and other impact mitigation measures are on track to achieve sustainable restoration and improvement in the welfare of the affected people, or that adjustments are needed. In short, monitoring answers the question: Are Project compensation, resettlement and other impact mitigation measures on time and having the intended effects.

Monitoring verifies that:

Actions and commitments for compensation, resettlement, land access, and development in the RAP are implemented fully and on time

Eligible project affected people receive their full compensation on time, prior to the start of the main project activities

RAP actions and compensation measures have helped the people who sought cash compensation in restoring their lost incomes and in sustaining/improving pre-project living standards

Compensation and livelihood investments are achieving sustainable restoration and improvement in the welfare of Project-Affected Persons and communities

Complaints and grievances are followed up with appropriate corrective action and, where necessary, appropriate corrective actions are taken; if necessary, changes in RAP procedure are made to improve delivery of entitlements to project affected people.

Vulnerable persons are tracked and assisted as necessary

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10.2 Monitoring Framework (Internal and External)

Effective monitoring is essential and to be most effective, monitoring needs to include both internal monitoring, conducted by the project agency, and external monitoring, conducted by a qualified independent agency. While internal monitoring would primarily consist of a follow-up on the quantitative aspects of resettlement implementation and focus more on processes and delivery of inputs, external monitoring focuses more broadly on outputs, outcomes, and the qualitative aspects of implementation. Both internal monitoring and external monitoring cover the agreed standard indicators in this RAP. This requirement prevents reporting against some local guidelines or other vague standards, a practice that sometimes reduces the validity and applicability of the findings of the monitoring program. A good-practice checklist of issues for internal and external monitoring for this RAP shall include the following:

10.2.1 Internal monitoring An internal monitoring unit shall be explicitly designated within the PMU and may

include representatives from the government agencies and other agencies. Good communication with field offices, as well as coordination with other implementation agencies, is factored into the design. Internal monitoring is carried out in accordance with detailed, specific terms of reference.

The staff of the internal monitoring units are familiar with the design of the resettlement program.

Staff from the internal monitoring unit receives adequate training in the framework and methodology of internal monitoring.

The internal monitoring unit regularly receives information and data updates from field offices.

Resettlement data are collected under both household and impact categories and entered into a computer to make processing easier.

The internal monitoring programme will be implemented to: a. record and assess project inputs and the number of persons affected and

compensated, and b. Confirm that former subsistence levels and living standards are being re-established.

Monitoring will measure progress with involuntary resettlement against scheduled actions and milestones, using input and output indicators such as:

establishment of required institutional structures; asset acquisition and compensation; operation of compensation, grievance and other necessary procedures; disbursement of compensation payments; usage of compensation and entitlements, including reconstruction of new residential

structures (where required); development of livelihood restoration programmes, including the re-establishment of

income levels; consultation around resettlement issues; general issues relating to the adequacy of the compensation and resettlement

exercise, including reported grievances; and Preparation and submission of monitoring and evaluation reports.

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Internal monthly monitoring reports will be compiled by the Monitoring and Evaluation Unit of HJRBDA, while formal monitoring reports will be prepared on a quarterly basis for distribution to relevant stakeholders.

All aspects of internal M&E shall be supervised by the PMU management team and will provide high level evaluation of internal performance and impact monitoring and other reports. The management team will be supplemented by staff with appropriate skills to carry out:

RAP project resettlement requirements as defined by this RAP; Gathering and presentation of monitoring indicators to be used; Design and implementation of basic techniques to be used for collecting information

and feedback from project affected people; and Reporting requirements and formats.

Regular progress reports will be prepared and submitted to PMU management by the social safeguard Officer. The internal monitoring will look at inputs, processes, and outcomes of compensation/resettlement/other impact mitigation measures.

Input monitoring will establish if staff, organization, finance, equipment, supplies and other inputs are on schedule, in the requisite quantity and quality.

Process monitoring will:

Assess program implementation strategies and methodologies and the capacity and capability of program management personnel to effectively implement and manage the programs

Document lessons learned and best practices and provide recommendations to strengthen the design and implementation of RAP

Output monitoring will establish if agreed outputs are realized on time for: Communication with the affected communities Agreed resettlement and compensation policy, procedures, and rates Compensation for crops, buildings, and lost business Construction and occupation of infrastructure and housing Livelihood program delivery and uptake Grievance resolution Attention to vulnerable people

Outcome (or effectiveness) monitoring will determine the degree to which the program objectives and performance targets have been achieved.

10.2.2 External Monitoring/Evaluation

The external monitoring agency The external monitoring agency is identified at the appraisal stage. This should be an

independent third party. The external monitor- for example, a university, research institute verifies, in the

field, some of the quantitative information submitted by the internal monitoring agency. This aspect is sometimes overlooked because of the qualitative focus of external monitoring.

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The project resettlement unit, the World Bank resettlement specialist, and the monitoring agency discuss the proposed methodology for external monitoring. A good practice is to describe the methodology in the RAP. An outline format for the external monitoring reports cover all elements of resettlement implementation.

The process of reviewing external monitoring reports and factoring them into resettlement decision making is agreed to and described in the RAP.

10.3 Annual External Audit

The main objective of Annual External Audit will be to assess, to the extent possible, implementation of the compensation and restoration of the livelihoods of PAPs. It will focus on:

Implementation progress; The effectiveness of compensation and resettlement policies, and of the operation of

Project mechanisms such as grievance procedures; Delivery of entitlements; The adequacy of compensation, and changes in livelihoods and incomes among

PAPs; Consultation with and participation of PAPs and other stakeholders; and Dissemination of information as an indication of the general transparency of the

entire process. Recommend any corrective measures that may be necessary

While the internal monitoring reports will be a source of information, External audit will be involved with impact monitoring, and require the generation of new data to compare against baseline conditions. It is envisaged that data generation will occur at two levels:

At the level of households, through the use of quantitative (standardised) socio-economic survey instruments; and

At group/community level, through the use of qualitative (participatory) monitoring and evaluation techniques.

While the Annual External Audit would be conducted annually, the final External Audit would be conducted about 4-6 months post completion of RAP implementation. Its overall aim will be to verify that compensation, land redistribution, market linkage activities have been undertaken in compliance with the objectives and principles of the RAP.

Specific aims of the audit will be to: Confirm that all physical inputs specified in the RAP have been delivered; Confirm all outputs achieved under the programme; and Assess whether the outcomes of the programme have had the desired beneficial

impacts. It shall be undertaken by an independent agency, annually till the end of the RAP implementation completion. The audit will also describe any outstanding issues that require attention prior to the closing of the Project’s compensation programme.

For Compliance Monitoring, the PMU will appoint a consultant to work closely with the project-affected persons to track the progress of RAP Implementation. The consultant(s) will be a person(s) with; deep experience in the conduct of resettlement, hands on

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experience in monitoring and evaluation, no previous involvement in this project, and proven ability to identify actions that improve implementation and mitigate negative impacts of resettlement.

The role of such a consultant will facilitate process of Resettlement & Rehabilitation (R & R) and thus provide support in the proper implementation of resettlement program. It should also bring the difficulties faced by the PAPs to the notice of PMU so as to help in formulating corrective measures. As a feedback to the PMU and others concerned, the external consultant should submit quarterly report on progress made relating to different aspect of R&R. Compliance monitoring will:

Determine compliance of RAP implementation with RAP objectives and procedures Determine compliance of RAP implementation with the laws, and applicable

regulations in Nigeria and also compliance with World Bank policies. Determine international best practice Determine RAP impact on standard of living, with a focus on the “no worse-off if not

better off” objective Verify results of internal monitoring Assess whether resettlement objectives have been met: specifically, whether

Livelihood Programs have restored the livelihoods of the project-affected persons and their living conditions have improved

Assess the resettlement efficiency, effectiveness, impact and sustainability, drawing lessons for future resettlement activities and recommending corrections in the implementation process

Ascertain whether the resettlement entitlements are appropriate to meet the objectives, and whether the objectives are suitable to project-affected persons conditions

Assess grievance records, to identify implementation problems and status of grievance resolution

Ensure RAP implementation is in compliance with World Bank policy

Impact Monitoring/Concurrent evaluation will be carried out simultaneously with the monitoring. For concurrent Impact Evaluation the M&E consultant who should have resettlement and social development experience shall:

Verify whether the objectives of resettlement have been realized, particularly the changes in the living standards;

Impact assessments is to be compared with the baseline values for key socioeconomics as given in the RAP;

To assess whether the compensation is adequate to replace the lost assets; Based on the impact assessment, suitable remedial measures are to be proposed for

any shortcomings; and Remedial measures if PAPs are not able to improve their living standard.

Thus, one year after the expropriation has been completed and the assistance to the PAPs has been made, there will be an impact evaluation to assess whether the PAPs have improved their living conditions in relation with the baseline socioeconomic status established during the socioeconomic studies.

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Impact monitoring will cover issues such as: Public perception of the Project - judgments on PMU, Project and RAP

implementation Social structures - traditional authorities, community cohesion, gender equality. Economic status of PAPs- livelihood restoration and enterprise, employment, land

holdings, non-agricultural enterprise Employment - on the Project and in the impact area

10.4 Indicators to MonitorIndicators will be established for the RAP implementation and grouped into the following categories:

Input indicators – measure the resources (financial, physical and human) allocated for the attainment of the resettlement objectives, such as livelihood restoration goals.

Output indicators – measure the services/goods and activities produced by the inputs. Examples include compensation disbursements for acquired assets.

Outcome indicators – measure the extent to which the outputs are accessible and used, as well as how they are used. They also measure levels of satisfaction with services and activities produced by the inputs. Examples include the ways in which recipients used compensation. Although not measures of livelihood restoration in themselves, they are key determinants of well-being.

Impact indicators – measure the key dimensions of impacts to establish whether the goals of the RAP have been achieved. Examples are restoration and diversification of income levels and the sustainability of income-generating activities, as dimensions of livelihood restoration and well-being.

Process indicators – measure and assess implementation processes. Examples are the functioning of liaison/participation structures, the levels of representation of different social categories/interest groups, and the processes by which conflicts and disputes are resolved.

Indicators will also be disaggregated, such as in terms of age and gender, to ensure that social variables are properly accounted for. A set of indicative Indicators are presented in Table 10.1.Indicators that will be monitored broadly center around delivery of compensation, resolution of grievances, land access, increase or decrease in PAPs assets, social stability, health, level of satisfaction of project affected people and number of project affected persons that benefited from the livelihood restoration programs.

Specifically some monitoring Indicators for this RAP are outlined in Table 10.1

Table10. 1: Monitoring Indicators during and after resettlement

Indicator VariableConsultation and Reach out

Number of people reached or accessing Information, Information requests, issues raised, etc.Number of local CBOs participating

Compensation and reestablishment of PAPs

Physical Progress of compensation and assistanceNumber of PAPs affected (buildings, land, trees, crops)Number of PAPs compensated by type of lossAmount compensated by type and owner

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Number of replacement asset recovered Compensation disbursement to the correct parties;

Socio-economic Changes

Level of income and standard of living of the PAPs No of income restored, improved or declined from the pre-displacement levels;

Health and Wellbeing Physical well-being, especially women’s and children’s health status.“Provision of health care services, particularly for pregnant women, infants, the disabled and the elderly, where there is relocation to prevent increase in morbidity and mortality due to malnutrition, the psychological stress of being uprooted, and the increased risk of disease”.Because resettlement can be stressful for people and can have adverse consequences on nutrition, health, and even mortality rates, baseline surveys in Bank practice now include a section on the health status of DPs, for monitoring the physical repercussions of resettlement. In addition, resettlement operations usually construct infrastructure to address problems such as child malnutrition and waterborne disease.

Training Number of PMU and RAP committee members trainedGrievance redress mechanism

Average time taken for settlement of cases No. of PAPs moved to court No. of pending cases with the court No. of cases settled by the court

Overall Management Effectiveness of compensation delivery systemTimely disbursement of compensation;Census and asset verification/quantification procedures in placeCo-ordination between local community structures, PAPs and SPMU

As part of external monitoring, it is suggested that intermittently the representative of the PAPs, traditional rulers and community representatives are included to strengthen the entire process.

10.4.1 Quantitative Monitoring

The changing socio-economic status of affected households will be monitored over time, particularly given the need to assess whether affected households are better or worse off after the rehabilitation exercise. A number of objectively verifiable (impact-related) indicators will be used, with information obtained through employing quantitative methods such as surveys.

10.4.2 Qualitative Monitoring

A community-based participatory monitoring and evaluation (PME) programme will be implemented to gauge the effectiveness of Project measures in meeting the needs of displaced households, involving affected people themselves in the collective examination and assessment of implementation processes and outcomes which is to be reported basically by the social safeguard persons of the PMU

10.5 Reporting

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RAP monitoring reports will be prepared for the following tasks: Internal monitoring, external monitoring, Completion audit & Compensation. PMU will use a device such as a bar chart/Gantt chart or MS Project table to assess and present information on progress of time bound actions.Performance monitoring reports for the SPMU RAP management team will be prepared at regular intervals (monthly), beginning with the commencement of any activities related to resettlement, including income restoration. These reports will summarize information that is collected and compiled in the quarterly narrative status and compensation disbursement reports and highlight key issues that have arisen. As a result of the monitoring of inputs, processes, outputs and outcomes of RAP activities, project management will be advised of necessary improvements in the implementation of the RAP.

10.6 Completion Audit

The PMU shall commission an external party to undertake an evaluation of RAP’s physical inputs to ensure and assess whether the outcome of RAP complies with the involuntary resettlement policy of the World Bank. The completion audit shall be undertaken after RAP inputs. The audit shall verify that all physical inputs committed in the RAP have been delivered and all services provided. It shall evaluate whether the mitigation measures prescribed in the RAP have the desired effect. The completion audit should bring to closure PMU’s liability for resettlement.

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REFERENCES

Challawa Gorge Dam; Dam Safety Evaluation and Design of Upgrades; Transforming Irrigation Management In Nigeria

Federal Ministry of Water Resources & Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations (2004): Review of The Public Irrigation Sector in Nigeria (ROSPIN) Draft Status Report - Rev 1 Prepared by ENPLAN GROUP, October, 2013.

ITUA, E.O. (2011). Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) For the Nigeria And Watershed Management Project. Federal Ministry of Environment, Nigeria

Feasibility Study Irrigation Development, Kano River Irrigation Project and Hadejia Valley Irrigation Project; Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria

Grievance Redress Mechanism; Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria (Triming) Project Final Report

Hadejia Barrage; Dam Safety Evaluation and Preliminary Design of Upgrades Transforming Irrigation Management In Nigeria

Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) 2013, Prepared for Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria (TRIMING) Project-P123112

Resettlement Action Plan for Bakolori Irrigation Project Zamfara Nigeria; Transforming Irrigation Management In Nigeria (Trimming) Project

Ruwan Kanya Dam Dam Safety Evaluation and Design of Upgrades; Transforming Irrigation Management In Nigeria

Rehabilitation and Expansion of Kano River Irrigation Project and Hadejia Valley Irrigation Project

Stakeholder Engagement: A Good Practice Handbook for Companies Doing Business in Emerging Markets; Ifc

Tiga Dam, Dam Safety Evaluation and Design Of Upgrades; Transforming Irrigation Management In Nigeria

Feasibility Studies and detailed design, Kano River and Hadejia Valley Irrigation Scheme: Royal Haskoning DHV / Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria

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LIST OF ANNEXES

Annex 1.0: Attendance Log of Participants in KRIP RAP Stake Holders Meeting (4th September 2016)Annex 2.0: Summary of Women in Farming Concern and NeedsAnnex 3.0: Letter of Invitation to Water Users Association (WUA) and District HeadsAnnex 4.0: Community Representatives of FarmersAnnex 5.0: PAPs Register Annex6.0: KRIS Sector MAPs showing land holdings and identification numberAnnex 7.0: KRIS Resettlement Action Plan – PAPs Information Form

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Annex 7.0

Identification No …….……….

KRIS RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN –PAPs Information Form

Name: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….….…..

Address (residential): ……………………………………………………………………………………….…….

Age: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….….

Gender: …………………………………………………………………………………………………….……....

Marital Status: …………………………………………………………………………………………………...

Tel. No: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

Occupation: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Affected property/Assets……………………………………………………………………………………….…

Size of Affected Asset (Ha) .………………………………………………………………………………….…....

Location…………………………………………………………………………………………………..............

LGA: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Compensation sum received (in words): ………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….. (₦…………………………)

Form of Identification: ……………………………………………………… (ID N0……….………………….)

Next of Kin………………………………………………………………Phone……………………………..….

Beneficiary Chairman WUA Traditional Ruler

Project Manager Chairman RIC TRIMING Auditor

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Passport