T601 l1intro
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Transcript of T601 l1intro
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Intro to theology
Challenges to ST
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What is theology?
• Varieties of approaches: – Emphasis on experience:– Schleiermacher: (1768-1834): “Christian doctrines
are accounts of the Christian religious affections set forth in speech.
– John Macquarrie: theology as the study which, “through participation in and reflection upon a religious faith, seeks to express the content of this faith in the clearest and most coherent language available.”
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What is theology?
• Theology as Science:• Charles Hodge (1797-1878): “The duty of the
Christian theologian is to ascertain, collect, and combine all the facts which God has revealed in the Bible.
• Groothuis: ST aims to “identify and articulate the revealed truths of Scripture in a logical, coherent and compelling manner.”
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What is theology?
• Emphasis on the situation or social context:• Gustavo Guttierrez: “Theology as a critical reflection
on historical praxis is a liberating theology” • Rosemary Radford Ruether, “theology as critique of
and emancipation from sexism.”• WHICH APPROACH SHOULD WE TAKE?– Relativism?
• Self-defeating• In conflict with the basic Christian truth claim.
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What is theology?
• Better Approach:– Presupposition: God has revealed himself in the
Scriptures. – Theology as “knowledge concerning God to the
extent that he has revealed himself.”– Two questions:• How does God present himself in Scripture?• What kind of knowledge is consistent with God’s self-
revelation?
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How does God present himself in Scripture?
• God as Lord:– “Lord” is the name by which God identified
himself in the OT to Moses.– God performs his mighty works so that people
“will know that I am the Lord”– At critical points in redemptive history, God
announces “I am Lord” (Deut 32; Is 41:4; 43:10-13; Hos 12:9)
– “the NT Christian’s confession is that Jesus Christ is Lord (Rom. 10:9, 1 Cor. 12:3, Phil. 2:11)
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God as Lord
Authority
Presence
Control
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Knowledge under God’s Lordship
• Knowledge under God’s control• Knowledge under God’s authority • Knowledege of God that is personal• Implications: – No dichotomy btw: doctrine & personal
relationship with God– Theology is essential and necessary for our growth
as Christians– Knowledge must be pursued in an obedient way
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Presuppositions of ST
Systematic
Historical
Philosophical
Biblical
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Biblical theology
Varieties of definitions• Pietism• Gabler’s approach
Our focus: • inductive discipline that aims to show the
“progressive historical unfolding of God’s special revelation”
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Biblical Theology
inductive• texts; authors
Redemptive history•progress
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Example: kingship
Patriarchs: no king
Prophecy about Judah
JudgesNeed for a King
MonarchyDavidic King
Corrupt kings
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Example: kingship
Prophets:Root of JesseServant of the
Lord
NT:Jesus – kingship
through suffering
Eschaton:consummation
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Systematic theology
• Systematic theology is any study that answers the question, ‘what does the whole Bible teach us today?’ about any given topic?” (Grudem, ST, 21)
• Systematic theology is the comprehensive study and coherent organization about God and his relationship to the world based primarily on the Scriptures but using other secondary sources as well in a manner that addresses contemporary issues to the end that God’s people are strengthened in their faith for His praise and glory (Ware).
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Key elements
System Whole bible Q’s
Unity of Biblical
teachings
Contemporary issues
Worldview formation
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Other disciplines
Historical theology• how the church has understood various
doctrines across time.
Philosophical theology• theological topics with the tools of
philosophy
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Norm: Scripture
• Sola scriptura: the Scriptures are the final and ultimate authority for the Christian Church.
• Sufficiency of Scripture: “scripture contains all the words of God we need for salvation, for trusting him perfectly and for obeying him perfectly” (Grudem)
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Theological method
Exegesis Biblical Theo.
Systematic Theo.
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Theological method
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Theological method
Historical Theo.
Practical Theo. Apologetics
Philosophical Theo. Goal?