TUTORIAL OFUNIX COMMAND & SHELL SCRIPTS 5027

Professor: Dr. Shu-Ching Chen

TA: Samira Pouyanfar

Spring 2015

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OUTLINE

Log in Unix Basic Commands Shell script

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OUTLINE

Log in Unix Basic Commands Shell script

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HOW TO LOG IN

Download putty from http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html

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CONNECT TO THE SERVER

The host is margay.cs.fiu.edu

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LOG IN / ACCOUNT INFORMATION

Account information Login as : Your FIU username Password : Your first initial + PantherID + Your last initial

For exmaple, Steven Jackson with PID 1234567

should have password s1234567j

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LOG IN IN MAC SYSTEMS

Use the existing ssh tool in your mac called "Terminal" by following the steps: - Search for "Terminal" from spotlight, e.g., located on the

upper right corner of your screen - Open Terminal - Connect to the server margay.cs.fiu.edu using following

commands

ssh hha001@margay.cs.fiu.edu

replace hha001 with your fiu account

- Type your password - Now, you are connected.

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LOG IN IN MAC SYSTEMS

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OUTLINE

Log in Unix Basic Commands Shell script

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COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (1)

ls : list the contents of your current directory. Format Options

-a : list all the files include the hidden ones -l : list not only the files name but also the related info -t : list the contents by modified date

ls [option] [directory][file]

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COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (2)

File permission

Field1 : A set of ten permission flags Field2 : link count Field3 : owner of the file Field4 : associated group of the file Field5 : size Field 6-8 : Last modification date Field9 : file name

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COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (3)

chmod : change the permission flags of the files Format

Example chmod g+w myfile chmod g-rw myfile chmod u=rw go= myfile chmod –R g+rw myfile

chmod [option] [types][+/-][types of permission] filename

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COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (4)

pwd : print out the current working directory cd : change directory

cd . (.) means the current directory C (..) means the parent of current

directory Cd cd with no argument will return you to

your home directory

cd .

cd ..

cd

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COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (5)

cp : copy files Format Options

-i : It can be used to avoid overwriting the original file -r : Copy the folder and all the files and subfolders

under it.

mv : move a file from one place to another or rename a file.

Format

cp [option] File1 File2

mv File1 File2

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COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (6)

mkdir : making directory Format

rm : remove files or directories Format Option

-i : ask before actually delete -r : delete the folders and all the files and subfolders

under it

mkdir Directory_name

rm [option] file1 file2 file3…

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COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (7)

test : A command in Unix that evaluates conditional expressions. Format or The functions will return true if the object exist or the

condition specified is true. File functions

-d Filename : Filename is a directory -s Filename : Filename has a size greater than 0 -f Filename : Filename is a regular file

test expression [ expression ]

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COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (1)

cat : display the contents of a file on the screen Format

head : display the first ten lines of a file to the screen Format

tail : display the last ten lines of a file to the screen Format

cat file1

head –n file1

tail –n file1

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COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (2)

wc : word count Format Options

-w : find out how many words the file has -l : find out how many lines the file has

wc [options] file

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COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (3)

grep : It searches files for the specified words or patterns.

Format: Options:

-c : Display the number of columns which satisfied the pattern.

-i : Ignore case distinctions in both the PATTERN and the input files.

-v : Invert the sense of matching, to select non-matching lines.

grep [options] [pattern] file

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Pipe : It cause the execution of multiple processes from one single line

A | B | C

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COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (4)

Redirection > and >> can be used on the output of

most commands to direct their output to a file. Examples

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COMMANDS ABOUT TEXT PROCESSING (1)

sort : sort lines of a text file or files Default : sort without any option will sort the file

alphabetically Format

uniq : remove duplicate adjacent lines from sorted file.

sort [option] file

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COMMANDS ABOUT TEXT PROCESSING (2)

sed: One ultimate stream editor Detail Tutorial :

http://www.grymoire.com/Unix/Sed.html Important function -> Substitution Format : sed 's/term1/term2/g‘ filename

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COMMANDS ABOUT TEXT PROCESSING (3)

cut : extract sections from each line of a file. Format Option

-c : character -f : field -d “:” : delimiter (default is a tab)

Range N-M N- -M

cut [options] [range] filename

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OUTLINE

Log in Unix Basic Commands Shell script

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SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (1)

Scripts are collections of commands that are stored in a file.

Detail Tutorial http://www.freeos.com/guides/lsst/

Basic Vi commands vim filename i : switch to the editing(insert) mode Esc +:q! Leave the vim program without saving

the file Esc +:w Save the file Esc +:wq Save the file and leave the vim program

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SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (2)

First shell script

Note that to make a file executable, you must set the eXecutable bit, and for a shell script, the Readable bit must also be set.

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SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (3)

Variable

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SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (4)

IF LOOP

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SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (5)

For Loop

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SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (6)

Useful concept $( commands)