T he current situation and issues of the API release by ...
Transcript of T he current situation and issues of the API release by ...
æ å ±åŠçåŠäŒç ç©¶å ±å
IPSJ SIG Technical Report
1
æ¥æ¬æ¿åºã«ãã APIå ¬éã®çŸç¶ãšèª²é¡
æ¬ç°æ£çŸâ 1
æ¥æ¬æ¿åºã«ãããŠããªãŒãã³ããŒã¿æœçã®äžç°ãšããŠãAPI(Application Programming Interface)ã®å ¬éãè¡ãããŠãããAPI ãšã¯ããœãããŠã§ã¢ã³ã³ããŒãã³ããçžäºã«ãããšãããéã«äœ¿çšãããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã®ä»æ§ã§ãããããããŒã¿ãªã©ãå€éšã®ä»ã®ããã°ã©ã ããåŒã³åºããŠå©çšããããã«ã¯ããã®ä»æ§ã®å ¬éãéèŠãªæå³ãæã€ããªãŒãã³
ããŒã¿ãšã¯ãå ¬å ±æ©é¢ãªã©ãä¿æããããŒã¿ãå ¬éãããã®å©çšã®ä¿é²ãå³ããã®ã§ããããã®å ¬éãšå©çšã®ä¿é²ã«ãã£ãŠã APIã®å ¬éãéèŠãšãªãã®ã§ãããããã§ãæ¬ç 究ã§ã¯ãæ¥æ¬æ¿åºã«ããã APIã®å ¬éã®çŸç¶ãšèª²é¡ã«ã€ããŠè«ããã
The current situation and issues of the API release by the Japanese
Government
Masami HONDAâ 1
As part of the open data policy, the Government of Japan has released API (Application Programming Interface). An API is a
specification of an interface used when software components interact with each other. Publication of this specification has an
important meaning in order to recall certain data from another external program and use it. Open data means to open up data
possessed by organizations such as public institutions and promote the use of such data. Opening API is also important in
promoting this disclosure and use. Therefore, in this research, we discuss the current situation and issues of API release in
Government of Japan.
1. ã¯ããã«
æ¥æ¬æ¿åºã«ãããŠããªãŒãã³ããŒã¿æœçã®äžç°ãšããŠã
API(Application Programming Interface)ã®å ¬éãè¡ãããŠã
ããAPI ãšã¯ããœãããŠã§ã¢ã³ã³ããŒãã³ããçžäºã«ãã
ãšãããéã«äœ¿çšãããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ã®ä»æ§ã§ãããã
ãããŒã¿ãªã©ãå€éšã®ä»ã®ããã°ã©ã ããåŒã³åºããŠå©çš
ããããã«ã¯ããã®ä»æ§ã®å ¬éãéèŠãªæå³ãæã€ã
ãªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ãšã¯ãå ¬å ±æ©é¢ãªã©ãä¿æããããŒã¿ã
å ¬éãããã®å©çšã®ä¿é²ãå³ããã®ã§ããããã®å ¬éãšå©
çšã®ä¿é²ã«ãã£ãŠã API ã®å ¬éãéèŠãšãªããããã§ãæ¬
ç 究ã§ã¯ãæ¥æ¬æ¿åºã«ããã API ã®å ¬éã®çŸç¶ãšèª²é¡ã«ã€
ããŠè«ããããšãšããã
2. ãªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ã®æšé²
ãªãŒãã³ãã¬ããžãã¡ã³ããŒã·ã§ã³ãžã£ãã³ã®å®çŸ©ã«
ããã°ããªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ãšã¯ããç®çãåããã誰ã§ãã©ã
ã§ã§ãèªç±ã«å©çšããå ±æããæ§ç¯ã®ããŒã¹ã«ããããšã
ã§ããããŒã¿ã[1]ã§ããã
2009 幎ã«å€§çµ±é ã«å°±ä»»ãããªããã¯ã就任çŽåŸã«çœ²åã
ãèŠæžã«ãããŠãªãŒãã³ã¬ãã¡ã³ãã®æšé²ã宣èšãããã
ã®å ·äœçãªåãçµã¿ã®ã²ãšã€ããªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ã®æšé²ã§ã
ããã¢ã¡ãªã«é£éŠæ¿åºã«ãããããŒã¿ãäžå¿ãšããŠãããŒ
ã¿ã«ã¿ãã°ãµã€ããData.govãã«ãããŠãããŒã¿å ¬éããª
ãããŠãããæ¬çš¿å·çæç¹ã§ããData.govãã«ãããŠã¯ãçŽ
â 1 å³¶æ ¹å€§åŠæŠç¥çç 究æšé²ã»ã³ã¿ãŒ
Center for the Promotion of Project Research, Shimane University
19 äžã®ããŒã¿ã»ãããå ¬éãããŠãã(å³ 1)ã
å³ 1 ãData.govããããããŒãž
(åºæïŒhttps://www.data.gov/)
æ¥æ¬æ¿åºã«ãããŠããªããæ¿æš©ã®åãçµã¿ã«åŒå¿ãã
ããã«ã2010 幎 5 æã®ãæ°ããªæ å ±éä¿¡æè¡æŠç¥ãã«ãã
ãŠãªãŒãã³ã¬ãã¡ã³ãã«èšåããŠä»¥éããªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ãš
ç®ãããåãçµã¿ãæšé²ããŠããã2012 幎ã«ã¯ããé»åè¡
æ¿ãªãŒãã³ããŒã¿æŠç¥ããçå®ããã2013 幎ã«ã¯ãããŒã¿
ã«ã¿ãã°ãµã€ããDATA.GO.JPããéèšãããŠãã(å³ 2)ã
ããã§ã¯ 2 äžåŒ±ã®ããŒã¿ã»ããã®åšæãç»é²ãããŠããã
â 2017 Information Processing Society of Japan
Vol.2017-IS-139 No.22017/3/3
æ å ±åŠçåŠäŒç ç©¶å ±å
IPSJ SIG Technical Report
2
èªæ²»äœã¬ãã«ã§ã¯ã2010 幎 12 æã«ãçŠäºçé¯æ±åžãåœ
ã«å é§ããŠãªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ã®åãçµã¿ã«çæããŠããã以
éããã®åãã¯å šåœã«æ³¢åãã200 ãè¶ ããå£äœã§äœãã
ã®ããŒã¿ããªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ãšããŠå ¬éããŠãã[2]ã
å³ 2 ãData.go.jpããããããŒãž
(åºæïŒhttp://www.data.go.jp/)
3. ã«ã¿ãã°ãµã€ãã«ããã APIã®å ¬é
ãªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ã¯ãå ã«èšåãããªãŒãã³ãã¬ããžãã¡
ã³ããŒã·ã§ã³ãžã£ãã³ã«ããå®çŸ©ã«ãããããã«ãåã«ã
ãŒã¿ãå ¬éããããšããããšã«çãŸããããã®å©çšãå«æ
ãããŠãããå®éã«ãå ¬éããããªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ã«ã€ãã
ãã®å©æŽ»çšã®æ¹æ³ã泚ç®ãããŠãããå é²èªæ²»äœãæµ·å€äº
äŸã«ã€ããŠã¯ã[3]ã[4]ã®ããã«å©çšç¶æ³ã調æ»ããæ¢åŸç
究ãååšããŠããã
ããã«ã[5]ã[6]ã[7]ã®ããã«ããªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ãæšé²
ããããšã«ããèŠèŸŒãŸããçµæžå¹æã®æž¬å®ã«é¢ããç 究ã
ãªãããŠããããã®ã»ãã[8]ã¯ããªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ã®çµæžå¹
ææšèšãå ¬å ±éšéã®ãªãŒãã³ããŒã¿åã®çšåºŠãšæ°ééšéã«
ãã掻çšã®äºæ®µéã«åããŠè³ç£æšèšã«ããå®éåæãè¡ã£
ããã®ã§ãããããã«ããã°ããªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ã®é²å±ã«ã
ãã1,586 ååãã 7,010 ååãŸã§ GDP æŒãäžãå¹æãã
ããšããŠããããããã®ç 究ãããæšå¯ãããããã«ãå
ã«å ¬å ±æ©é¢ãªã©ãä¿æããŠããããŒã¿ãäºæ¬¡å©çšå¯èœãªåœ¢
åŒã§å ¬éããã ãã§ã¯ãªãããã®å©çšããèŠéã«å ¥ããå
ãçµã¿ãšãªã£ãŠããã®ã§ããã
ãªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ã«é¢ããŠãã«ã¿ãã°ãµã€ãã«ããŒã¿ã»ã
ãèªäœãããŒã¿ã»ããã®åšæãç»é²ãããšããããšã第äž
æ©ã§ãããšããŠã第äºæ©ç®ãšããŠãå©çšã®ä¿é²ãèŠéã«å ¥
ããç°å¢æŽåãæ±ããããŠããã®ã§ããããã®ç°å¢æŽåç
ãšããŠãAPI ã®å ¬éããããããã
API ãšã¯ãããªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§
ã³ãœããããä»ã®ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãœããã«å¯Ÿããæ©èœã®
äžéšãå©çšã§ããããæäŸããã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ã[8]ãšã
ããŠãããæèšãããšãAPI ã¯ããœãããŠã§ã¢ã³ã³ããŒã
ã³ããçžäºã«ãããšãããéã«äœ¿çšãããã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹
ã®ä»æ§ã§ãããããããŒã¿ãªã©ãå€éšã®ä»ã®ããã°ã©ã ã
ãåŒã³åºããŠå©çšããããã«ã¯ããã®ä»æ§ã®å ¬éãéèŠãª
æå³ãæã€ããã®éœåºŠãããŒã¿ã«ã¿ãã°ãµã€ãã«ç»é²ãã
ãŠããããŒã¿ã»ãããæåã§ååŸãããã®å©çšãå³ããã
ããAPI ãä»ããŠæ©æ¢°çã«å¿ èŠãªæã«ååŸããŠå©çšãããš
ããã®ãåççãšãªãã®ã§ããã
æ¢ã«ãã¢ã¡ãªã«é£éŠæ¿åºã®ãData.govãã«ãããŠã¯ãäž»
ã«éçºè ã察象ãšããŠãAPIsãã®ããŒãžãéèšãããŠãã
(https://www.data.gov/developers/apis)ããããŠãåã ã®ããŒ
ã¿ã»ããã«ã€ããŠã APIãå ¬éãããŠãããã®ãååšããŠ
ãããããŒã¿ã»ããã®å ¬éã ãã§ã¯ãªãããã®å©çšã®ä¿é²
ã«ãé æ ®ãããåãçµã¿ããªãããŠããã®ã§ããã
ãªããæ°éäŒæ¥ã«ããã API ã®å ¬éã¯æµžéããŠããã
Google ã AmazonãYahoo! JAPAN ã楜倩ãªã©ãåçš®ãµãŒã
ã¹ã«ã€ããAPI ãå ¬éããŠããã
4. æ¥æ¬æ¿åºã«ããã APIã®å ¬é
æ¥æ¬æ¿åºã®ãDATA.GO.JPãã§ã¯ããéçºè åãæ å ±ã
(http://www.data.go.jp/for-developer/)ã«ãããŠããæ¬ãµã€ãã§
ã¯ãçµç¹ãã°ã«ãŒããããŒã¿ã»ããããªãœãŒã¹ãã¿ã°ã®å
ã¡ã¿ããŒã¿ååŸçšã® API ãæäŸããŠããŸããããšèšãããŠ
ããããã®ã«ã¿ãã°ãµã€ãã«ãŸã€ããã¡ã¿ããŒã¿ã API ã
ä»ããŠå©çšããããšãå¯èœãšãããŠããã®ã§ããããã®
ãDATA.GO.JPãã«ç»é²ãããŠããããŒã¿ã»ããã®äžã«ã¯ã
ãã® API ãå ¬éããŠãããã®ãããã
å³ 3 ãæ¿åºçµ±èšã®ç·åçªå£(e-Stat)âAPIæ©èœã
(åºæïŒhttp://www.e-stat.go.jp/api/)
â 2017 Information Processing Society of Japan
Vol.2017-IS-139 No.22017/3/3
æ å ±åŠçåŠäŒç ç©¶å ±å
IPSJ SIG Technical Report
3
ããŒã¿ã«ã¿ãã°ãµã€ããDATA.GO.JPãã®ä»ã«ãæ¥æ¬æ¿åº
ã®åæ©é¢ã API ã®å ¬éãè¡ã£ãŠããïŒããã®ä»£è¡šäŸãšç®ã
ããã®ã¯ãç·åççµ±èšå±ãäžå¿ã«ãªã£ãŠéçºãããŠãããæ¿
åºçµ±èšã®ç·åçªå£(e-Stat)ãã§ãã(å³ 3)ã
ç·åçã¯ããé»åæ¿åºã®ç·åçªå£ e-Govãã«ãããŠããå€
éšé£æº API ä»æ§å ¬éãïŒãè¡ã£ãŠãããããã¯åºãèªç±ã«
å©çšå¯èœãª API ã§ã¯ãªããé»åç³è«ã«ä¿ãæ³äººã®ã¿ãç³è«
ããããšã«ããå©çšå¯èœãªãã®ãšãªã£ãŠããã
åããç·åçã¯ãå šåœã®èªæ²»äœã®èŠ³å æ å ±ããªãŒãã³ã
ãŒã¿ãšããŠæäŸããã·ã¹ãã ãšããŠãå ¬å ±ã¯ã©ãŠãã·ã¹ã
ã ã(https://www.chiikinogennki.soumu.go.jp/k-cloud-api/)ãé
èšããŠãããããã§ã API ãå ¬éãããŠããããã ããã·
ã¹ãã ã®æŽæ°ã¯ 2015 幎 6 æ以éæ¢ãŸã£ãŠããããã§ããã
察ããŠãå é£å®æ¿ãŸã¡ã»ã²ãšã»ãããšåµçæ¬éšãéçšã
ãŠãããå°åçµæžåæã·ã¹ãã (RESAS)ãã¯ãé 次æ©èœã
æ¡åŒµããŠããã2016 幎 11 æãããããã«ç»é²ãããŠãã
æ å ±ã®ååŸãªã©ãå¯èœãšããããã® API ãå ¬éãããïŒã
ãŸãã2017 幎 1 æããçµæžç£æ¥çãéçšéå§ãããæ³äºº
ã€ã³ãã©ã¡ãŒã·ã§ã³ãã§ã¯ãæ³äººã®æ å ±ã«é¢ããæ€çŽ¢ API
ãå ¬éãããŠããããŸããæ³äººã«ä»çªãããŠããæ³äººçªå·
ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãåœçšåºã«ãã£ãŠãæ³äººçªå·ã·ã¹ãã Web-APIã
ãå ¬éãããŠããïŒã
çµæžç£æ¥çã«é¢é£ãããšããã§ã¯ãäžå°äŒæ¥åºãåœãèª
æ²»äœãªã©ã®èª¿éã«ãŸã€ããå ¥ææ å ±ãæ€çŽ¢ããããã® API
ãå ¬éããŠããïŒããã®ä»ãäžå°äŒæ¥åºãéå¶ããããŒã¿
ã«ãµã€ãããã©ãµããã«ã€ãããæœçããã APIããå ¬é
ãããŠããïŒã
API ã®å ¬éã«é¢ããŠã¯ãå°çæ å ±ã«é¢ãããã®ãè€æ°ã
ãããããåœå亀éçåœåæ¿çå±ã¯ãGIS ã§å©çšå¯èœãªåœ
åæ°å€æ å ±ã«é¢ãã API ãå ¬éããŠããïŒãããã«ãGIS
ã§å©çšå¯èœãªäœçœ®åç §æ å ±ã® API ãå ¬éããŠããïŒãå ã
ãŠãåçã¯ãåå°ç·åæ å ±ã·ã¹ãã ã«é¢ããŠããäžåç£ååŒ
äŸ¡æ Œæ å ±ååŸ APIããšãéœéåºçå åžåºçºæäžèŠ§ååŸ APIã
ãå ¬éããŠããïŒãåœåå°çé¢ããæšé« APIãïŒïŒã枬é
èšç®ããã°ã©ã APIãïŒïŒãå Žææ å ±ã³ãŒã APIãïŒïŒã
å ¬éããŠããã
埩èåºãæ±æ¥æ¬å€§éçœã®åŸ©æ§ã»åŸ©èã®ããã«æŽåããŠã
ãæ¯æŽå¶åºŠã«ãŸã€ããã埩æ§ã»åŸ©èæ¯æŽå¶åºŠããŒã¿ããŒã¹
ïŒ æ¥æ¬æ¿åºã«ãŸã€ãã API ã®å ¬éç¶æ³ã«ã€ããŠç¶²çŸ çã«å ¬éããããŒãž
ãªã©ã¯ããDATA.GO.JPãã«ã¯èŠåºãããªãã£ãããããæ¿åºæ©é¢åãAPIã
㧠Web æ€çŽ¢ãè¡ãããšã§ã以äžã®äºäŸãåéããã
ïŒ http://www.e-gov.go.jp/shinsei/interface_api/index.html
ïŒ https://opendata.resas-portal.go.jp/docs/api/v1/index.html
ïŒ http://www.houjin-bangou.nta.go.jp/webapi/
ïŒ http://www.kkj.go.jp/doc/ja/api_guide.pdf
ïŒ https://www.mirasapo.jp/measure_map/files/map_api.pdf
ïŒ http://nlftp.mlit.go.jp/ksj/api/about_api.html
ïŒ http://nlftp.mlit.go.jp/isj/about_api.html
ïŒ http://www.land.mlit.go.jp/webland/api.html
ïŒïŒ http://maps.gsi.go.jp/development/api.html
ïŒïŒ http://vldb.gsi.go.jp/sokuchi/surveycalc/api_help.html
ïŒïŒ http://ucopendb.gsi.go.jp/ucode/help_with_API.html
API V2ããå ¬éããŠããïŒïŒã
åœç«åœäŒå³æžé€šã¯ããåœç«åœäŒå³æžé€šãµãŒããã«ã€ãããæ€
çŽ¢çš APIããšãããŒãã¹ãçš APIããå ¬éããŠããããã
ã«ãåœäŒå³æžé€šã¯è¡åäž¡é¢äºåå±ãšéçšããŠãããåœäŒäŒ
è°é²ãã«ã€ãããåœäŒäŒè°é²æ€çŽ¢ã·ã¹ãã æ€çŽ¢çš APIããå ¬
éããŠããã
以äžã®ä»ãåœç«ç 究éçºæ³äººç§åŠæè¡æ¯èæ©æ§ã«ãããç§
åŠæè¡æ å ±çºä¿¡ã»æµéç·åã·ã¹ãã (J-STAGE)ãã®ãJ-STAGE
WebAPIãïŒïŒã®å ¬éããç·åçåŠè¡æ å ±ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ãã®
ãJ-GLOBAL WebAPIãïŒïŒã®å ¬éãããã
å ããŠãåœç«ç 究éçºæ³äººã§ã¯ãé²çœç§åŠæè¡ç 究æã«
ãã£ãŠããå°é掻åã¢ãã«æ å ±æäŸ APIãããé·æéå¹³åã
ã¶ãŒãæ å ±æäŸ APIãããå°ãã¹ãå°åœ¢æ å ±æäŸ APIãããæ·±
éšç©æ§å€æ å ±æäŸ APIããªã©ãèš 12 çš®é¡ã® API ã®å ¬éãè¡
ãããŠããïŒïŒãåœç«ã®æ©é¢ãšããããšã«å¯Ÿè±¡ãåºããã°ã
ããã« APIå ¬éãè¡ã£ãŠããäºäŸãèŠåºãããå¯èœæ§ãã
ãããæ¬ç 究ã«ãããæ¢çŽ¢ã§ä»¥äžãèŠåºãããäºäŸãšãªã
ããã以äžã§äºäŸçŽ¹ä»ãçµããã
5. APIå ¬éã®çŸç¶ãšèª²é¡
ãããŸã§ãæ¥æ¬æ¿åºã«ããã APIå ¬éã®äºäŸã玹ä»ããã
å³ 4 ãData.govãã«ããã API å ¬éããŒã¿
(åºæïŒ
https://catalog.data.gov/dataset?q=-aapi+api+OR++res_format%
3Aapi#topic=developers_navigation)
ïŒïŒ https://www.r-assistance.go.jp/blob/ssdb-apidoc/API-reference.html
ïŒïŒ https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/pub/html/APIinfo_forJ3/info_server_api/
ïŒïŒ http://jglobal.jst.go.jp/help/webapi/
ïŒïŒ http://www.j-shis.bosai.go.jp/category/opencat/api
â 2017 Information Processing Society of Japan
Vol.2017-IS-139 No.22017/3/3
æ å ±åŠçåŠäŒç ç©¶å ±å
IPSJ SIG Technical Report
4
ãããããŠããDATA.GO.JPãã«å è¡ããã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®
ãData.govãã確èªãããšããAPIsãã®ããŒãžãéèšãããŠ
ããããData.govãã«ç»é²ãããŠããããŒã¿ã»ããã«ã€ããŠ
ã¯ãAPI å ¬éãããŒã«ããŠæ€çŽ¢å¯èœã§ãã(å³ 4)ã2017 幎 2
æ 3 æ¥çŸåšã§ãçŽ 1 äž 4 åã®ããŒã¿ã»ããã«ã€ããAPI ãª
ã©ãå ¬éãããŠããã
æ¥æ¬æ¿åºã«ãããDATA.GO.JPãã«ãããŠããç»é²ãããŠ
ããããŒã¿ã»ããã«ã€ããAPI å ¬éã®æç¡ãããããã«æ
瀺ãããŠããããã ããæ€çŽ¢ãªã©ã¯åºæ¥ããåããŒã¿ã»ã
ãã«ã€ããŠãAPI ãå ¬éãããŠããã®ãåŠãéäžç¢ºèªãã
äœæ¥ãå¿ èŠãšãªãããã®ä»ãåºçãªã©ã API ã®å ¬éãåå¥
ã«é²ããŠãããããã®æ å ±ã«ã€ããŠéçŽããããµã€ããªã©
ã¯æ¿åºã®äžã«ã¯ååšããŠããªããã€ãŸããçŸç¶ãšããŠãæ¥
æ¬æ¿åºã«ããã APIå ¬éã®ç¶æ³ãæ£ç¢ºã«ææããããšã¯å°
é£ã§ãããšçµè«ä»ããããã
ãDATA.GO.JPãã«ã¯ãååºçãªã©ããå€çš®å€æ§ãªããŒã¿
ã»ãããç»é²ãããŠãã[9]ããŸããåç« ã«ãããŠç€ºããã
ãã«ãååºç㧠API ã®å ¬éãè¡ãããŠãããæ¥æ¬æ¿åºã«ã
ã API å ¬éã«ã€ããŠã¯ãå šãé²å±ãèŠãããªããšãããã
ã¯ãé²å±ããããã®ã®ããã®ç¶æ³ãäžæã§ãããšããããš
ã«ãªãã
ãã®çŸç¶ãããæ¥æ¬æ¿åºã® APIå ¬éã®èª²é¡ãèŠããŠããã
ã€ãŸããAPI å ¬éãè¡ã£ãŠããªããããã®ç¶æ³ãåããé£
ããšããããšã課é¡ãšãªãã®ã§ãããAPI å ¬éãè¡ã£ãŠãã
ãããå©çšãããªããã°ãããã¯ã«ã¿ãã°ãµã€ãã«ããŒã¿
ã»ãããç»é²ããã ãã®ç¶æ ãšå€ããã¯ãªããå©çšä¿é²ãž
åã㊠APIã®å ¬éç¶æ³ã«é¢ããæ å ±ãéçŽããä»çµã¿ãå¿
èŠãšãããŠãããšèšãããã
ãŸãããªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ãšããŠå ¬éãããŠããããŒã¿ãå«
ããŠãAPI ãå ¬éãããŠããªããã®ãååšããŠããããã®
æªã å šé¢çã«å±éãããåãçµã¿ã«ã¯ãªã£ãŠããªããšãã
ç¹ãæ¥æ¬æ¿åºã® API å ¬éã«é¢ãã課é¡ã§ãããã¢ã¡ãªã«ã«
ç®ãåãããšãæ¿åºæ©é¢åãã«ãapi.data.govããšãã API
管çã®ããã®ãµãŒãã¹ãæäŸãããŠããïŒïŒãAPI å ¬éã
æ¯æŽããä»çµã¿ãæŽåãããŠããã®ã§ããã
æ¥æ¬æ¿åºã«ãããŠã APIå ¬éãžåããåãçµã¿ã«ã€ããŠ
ã¯ã2016 幎 12 æã«æç«ããå®æ°ããŒã¿æŽ»çšæšé²åºæ¬æ³ã«
ãããŠã以äžã®ãããªæ¡æãèŠåºãããã
ãåœåã³å°æ¹å ¬å ±å£äœã¯ãèªããä¿æããå®æ°ããŒã¿ã«
ã€ããŠãå人ã»æ³äººã®æš©å©å©çãåœã®å®å šçã害ããã
ããšã®ãªãããã«ãã€ã€ãåœæ°ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããçãé
ããŠå®¹æã«å©çšã§ãããããå¿ èŠãªæªçœ®ãè¬ãããã®ãš
ãããã(å®æ°ããŒã¿æŽ»çšæšé²åºæ¬æ³ç¬¬ 11 æ¡)
ãã®æ¡æäžã®ãå¿ èŠãªæªçœ®ãã«ã¯ãAPI ã®å ¬éãå«ãŸã
ïŒïŒ http://api.data.gov/
ããšèãããããããã«ãä»åŸã®åãçµã¿ãšããŠãæªã API
ã®å ¬éããªãããŠããªãããŒã¿ã»ãããªã©ã«ã€ããŠããã®
å ¬éãé²ããããŠãããã®ãšèããããããããŠãããŒã¿
ã®å©çšãé²ãã§ããäžã§ãAPI å ¬éã®é床ãäžããŠããå¿
èŠããããšããããšã課é¡ãšãªãã®ã§ããã
æåŸã«ãåç« ã® API å ¬éã®äºäŸäžã«ãããã€ãèŠããã
ãšããã§ããããäžåºŠ API å ¬éãè¡ã£ãåŸãæŽæ°ãªã©ã®æŽ
åäœæ¥ãè¡ã£ãè·¡ãèŠãããªãäºäŸãèŠåãããããããŒ
ã¿ã®æŽæ°ãå«ããŠãAPI ã«ãŸã€ããæŽåäœæ¥ãç¶ç¶ããŠæ±
ãããããšããã§ãããå ããŠãåœç«åœäŒå³æžé€šã®äºäŸãª
ã©ã奜äŸãšãªãããAPI ã®å©çšæ¹æ³ã«é¢ããæ å ±æäŸãªã©
ãæç¶çã«è¡ã£ãŠããå¿ èŠããããåã« API ã®å ¬éã«çæ
ããã ãã§ã¯ãªããAPI ã®å©çšä¿é²ãå³ãããã®åãçµã¿
ãç¶ç¶ããããšã課é¡ãšãªãã
6. ãããã«
æ¬ç 究ã§ã¯ãæ¥æ¬æ¿åºã«ããã API å ¬éã®çŸç¶ãšèª²é¡ã
è«ããããªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãäž»ã«å ¬å ±æ©é¢ã«ãã
æäŸããããã®ãè°è«ã®å¯Ÿè±¡ãšããããšããã§ããããäŒ
æ¥ãªã©ã®äž»äœã«ãããªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ã®æäŸãèŠããããã
ã«ãªã£ãŠãã[10]ããŸããAPI ã®å ¬éã«ã€ããŠã¯ãæ¬æäž
ã§ãèšåããããã«ãæ°éäŒæ¥ã§åºãããèŠããŠããããª
ãŒãã³ããŒã¿ã®æšé²ã API ã®å ¬éãªã©ãå®æ°ããããŠã®å
ãçµã¿ãèŠãããããã«ãªã£ãŠãããä»åŸã¯ãããŒã¿ãã
èµ·ç¹ã«æ§ã ãªåãçµã¿ããªãããŠãããã®ãšäºæ³ãããã
ä»åŸã¯ãäŸãã° API å ¬éã®æç¡ãçã¿åºãããææã«å¯Ÿ
ããŠäœãã®åœ±é¿ãåãŒãã®ãåŠããšãã£ãç¹ã«ã€ããŠå®èšŒ
ç 究ãè¡ããªã©ããã®ææã«çç®ããè°è«ãè¡ã£ãŠããå¿
èŠããããã®ãšèããããã
åèæç® 1 ãªãŒãã³ã»ãã¬ããžã»ãã¡ãŠã³ããŒã·ã§ã³ã»ãžã£ãã³ïŒãªãŒã
ã³ããŒã¿ãå®çŸ©ãã(http://okfn.jp/2014/03/23/defining-open-data/)ã
æçµã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ 2017 幎 2æ 3 æ¥(ãã®ä»ã® URLãåæ§)ã(2014)
2 çŠéæ³°ä»ïŒæ¥æ¬ã®ãªãŒãã³ããŒã¿éœåžäžèŠ§(http://fukuno.jig.jp/
2013/opendatamap)
3 ç·åçèªæ²»è¡æ¿å±å°åæ å ±æ¿ç宀ïŒãå°æ¹å ¬å ±å£äœçã«ããããª
ãŒãã³ããŒã¿ã®å ·äœçãªåçµçã«é¢ãã調æ»ç ç©¶å ±åæžãã(2016)
4 æ±å¯åœŠïŒãããŒã¿Ãã¢ã€ãã¢ã§åè² ãã人ã ããæ¥çµ BP瀟ã(2014)
5 å®ç©å¯¿ä¹ã»å «ç°çè¡ã»éç°å²å€«ã»æž¡èŸºæºæïŒãInnovation Nippon ç
究äŒå ±åæž ãªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ã®çµæžå¹ææšèšãã(2013)
6 éç°å²å€«ïŒããªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ã«ããçµæžå¹ææšèšã®ææ³ã«é¢ãã
èå¯ããå³¶æ ¹å€§åŠæ³æåŠéšçŽèŠãçµæžç§åŠè«éã第 41 å·ãpp.33-52ã(2015)
7 ç°äžç§å¹žã»é«æšè¡äžéïŒãã€ã³ãã©ãšããŠã®ãªãŒãã³ããŒã¿ æ¿
åºã»èªæ²»äœä¿æããŒã¿ã®ãªãŒãã³åãæ¥æ¬çµæžã«åãŒã圱é¿ããã
ã£ãã³ã·ã£ã«ã»ã¬ãã¥ãŒãå¹³æ 27 幎第 4 å·(é巻第 124 å·)ã財
åç財åç·åæ¿çç 究æãpp.29-47ã(2015)
8 ããšãŒâããŒâã¢ã€ããããžã¿ã«å€§èŸæ³ããå°åŠé€š
9 æ¬ç°æ£çŸïŒããDATA.GO.JPãããæšæž¬ããå ¬å ±ããŒã¿ã®å šå®¹ãã
ãæ å ±ç¥èåŠäŒèªããVol.26 No.4ãpp.320-325ã(2017)
10 æ¬ç°æ£çŸïŒãäŒæ¥æŽ»åã«é¢ããããŒã¿å ¬éã®å¯èœæ§ãããçµå¶æ
å ±åŠäŒ 2016 ç§å£å šåœç 究çºè¡šå€§äŒäºçš¿ããD3-2ãpp.1-4ã(2016)
â 2017 Information Processing Society of Japan
Vol.2017-IS-139 No.22017/3/3