T EACHING A DVANCED P HONICS WITH THE S EVEN S YLLABLE T YPES Cynthia Santosuosso October 17, 2013.
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Transcript of T EACHING A DVANCED P HONICS WITH THE S EVEN S YLLABLE T YPES Cynthia Santosuosso October 17, 2013.
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TEACHING ADVANCED PHONICS WITH THE SEVEN SYLLABLE TYPESCynthia Santosuosso
October 17, 2013
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OBJECTIVES
Examine the seven syllables types Choose appropriate cutting patterns when
teaching syllabication Determine how learned skills will be applied
in the classroom setting
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AGENDA
Background on syllables The seven syllable types and 5 cutting
patterns Classroom application
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BACKGROUND
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SOUND/SYMBOL ORGANIZATION
20 Vowel Sounds+24 Consonant Sounds 44 Total Speech Sounds
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FACTS ABOUT PREDICTABILITY IN SPELLING
50% of words are predictable by rule. 36% of words are predictable by rule with
one error. 10% of words will be predictable with word
origin and morphology taken into account. Fewer than 4% of words are true oddities.
From Hanna, Hanna, Hodges, and Rudorf (1966)
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WHY TEACH SYLLABLES?
To “chunk” unfamiliar words accurately and quickly: reincarnation; accomplishment
To distinguish similar words:scarred – scaryripping – ripeningslimmer – slimy
To remember spelling:written, writinggrapple, maplemisspelled,
accommodate
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SPEECH AND WRITING ARE DIFFERENT
The syllable breaks that seem natural in speech do not guide conventions for dividing written syllables.
Syllable spelling patterns are cues to vowel pronunciation (short, long, diphthong).
scared /scarred biter/ bitter
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K-1 PHONICS
Consonants Digraphs Short vowels Silent e Initial and final consonant blends R-controlled vowels Vowel teams Dipthongs Open/closed syllables Multi-syllable words
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WHAT IS A SYLLABLE?
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WHAT IS A SYLLABLE?
“A syllable is a word or a part of a word with one talking vowel.”
-Project Read
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RULES ABOUT SYLLABLES
Every syllable has one vowel sound
The number of vowel sounds in a word equals the number of syllables.
A one syllable word is never divided. weak, feet, choice
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HOW MANY SYLLABLES DO THESE WORDS HAVE?
napkin Atlantic
bandit distinct
frantic fantastic
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HOW MANY SYLLABLES???
napkin (2) Atlantic (3)
bandit (2) distinct (2)
frantic (2) fantastic (3)
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THE SEVEN SYLLABLE TYPESTHE FIVE “CUTTING PATTERNS”
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SYLLABLE TYPE: CLOSED
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SYLLABLE TYPE: CLOSED
A closed syllable is a syllable that ends in a consonant sound or sounds. It usually has a short vowel sound.
Sample words with closed syllables: staff ab / sent kit / ten it
Closed syllables account for almost half of the syllable types in text! This skill is introduced first, in grade 1.
We mark a the short vowel in a closed syllable with a breve ˘
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EXAMPLE:
cat
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WHICH ARE CLOSED SYLLABLES?USE A BREVE (˘) TO MARK THE CLOSED SYLLABLES.
pem raiz at
ve stips mi
ep utch prau
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WHICH ARE CLOSED SYLLABLES?
pem raiz at
ve stips mi
ep utch prau
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CUTTING PATTERN: VCCV
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VCCV
The vccv pattern is usually cut between the two consonants.
1. Underline the talking vowels and mark them with a (v).2. Swoop between the vowels and pull down the consonants between the vowels.3. Cut the word according to the pattern.4. Check the position of the vowel in each syllable and mark the vowel.5. Read the word a syllable at a time and blend the syllables together.
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EXAMPLE
combat
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LET’S PRACTICE!
picnic attic
fantastic frantic
Atlantic drastic
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HOW DO WE SYLLABICATE VCCV?
pic/nic at/tic
fan/tas/tic fran/tic
At/lan/tic dras/tic
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SYLLABLE TYPE: OPEN
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SYLLABLE TYPE: OPEN
An open syllable is a syllable that ends in a long vowel sound spelled with a single vowel letter.
Sample words with open syllables
me no she i / dol ri / val ti / tle
We mark a long vowel sound with a macron ¯
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EXAMPLE:
she
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WHICH ARE OPEN SYLLABLES? USE A MACRON (¯) TO MARK THE OPEN SYLLABLES.
ro me eam
pro strupe eng
du si hupe
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OPEN SYLLABLES
ro me eam
pro strupe eng
du si hupe
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CUTTING PATTERN: VCV
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VCV
The vcv pattern is often divided after the first vowel. It can also divide after the consonant.
1. Underline the talking vowels and mark them with a (v).2. Swoop between the vowels and pull down the consonant between the vowels.3. Cut the word according to the pattern, place a dotted line after the first vowel.4. Check the position of the vowel in each syllable and mark the vowel.5. Read the word a syllable at a time and blend the syllables together, adjust if necessary.
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VCV EXAMPLE
menu
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LET’S PRACTICE
prevent acrobat
rapid robot
request lavish
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HOW DO WE SYLLABICATE VCV?
pre/vent ac/ro/bat
rap/id ro/bot
re/quest lav/ish
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SYLLABLE TYPE: SILENT E
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SYLLABLE TYPE: SILENT E
A Vowel-Consonant-e syllable includes a vowel immediately followed by one consonant and the silent letter e.
Sample words with Vowel-Consonant-e syllables:
tune com / plete in / side note / book
Vowel-Consonant-e syllables generally have long vowel sounds. To mark the silent e syllable, mark the long vowel with a macron, ¯, and slash the silent e, /.
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EXAMPLE
swipe
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WHICH ARE SILENT E SYLLABLES?USE A MACRON (¯) TO MARK THE LONG VOWEL AND SLASH (/) THE SILENT E.
Also known as the “magic e.”
zope bame throigecupe stoove zinepake beace
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SILENT E
zope bame throigecupe stoove zinepake beace
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SYLLABLE TYPE: R-CONTROLLED
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SYLLABLE TYPE: R-CONTROLLED
A vowel -r syllable includes vowels immediately followed by the letter r in the same syllable. ar, or, er, ir, ur
Sample words with vowel -r syllables:car / pet mem / ber thir / sty im / port The pronunciation of vowels within vowel -r
syllables can be difficult for students.
To mark the r-controlled syllable, use a tilde, ~.
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EXAMPLE:
corn
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WHICH ARE R CONTROLLED SYLLABLES?USE A TILDE (~) TO MARK THE R-CONTROLLED SYLLABLE.
nar pert morfire Cairo ferur zor irksire four
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R-CONTROLLED
nar pert morfire Cairo ferur zor irksire four
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SCHWA-AN ADDED BONUS
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SCHWA
Schwa rules: It makes a syllable weak. It makes the short u sound. It is marked with
Examples:labelcanyonpedalbaconpilot
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SYLLABLE TYPE: -CLE
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SYLLABLE TYPE: -CLE
A consonant -le syllable ends with a consonant immediately followed by -le.
Sample words with consonant -le syllables: lit / tle puz / zle spar / kle mud / dle The pronunciation of consonant -le syllables
helps students improve pronunciation and spelling.
To syllabicate, count back three from the end and mark.
To mark –cle, insert the schwa symbol and slash the silent e (/).
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EXAMPLE:
apple
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WHICH ARE –CLE SYLLABLES?INSERT THE SCHWA ___ AND SLASH THE SILENT E (/) TO MARK THE -CLE SYLLABLES.
stable giggle
funnel lettuce
wrinkle brittle
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-CLE
stable giggle
funnel lettuce
wrinkle brittle
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CUTTING PATTERNS: VCCCV, VCCCCV
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VCCCV AND VCCCCV The VCCCV and VCCCCV is usually cut after the first
consonant. If VCCCV or VCCCCV is in a compound word, divide
between the words.
1. Underline the talking vowels and mark them with a (v).2. Swoop between the vowels and pull down the consonant between the vowels.3. Cut the word according to the pattern, mark after the first consonant. Adjust if the word is compound and divide between the words.4. Check the position of the vowel in each syllable and mark the vowel.5. Read the word a syllable at a time and blend the syllables together.
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EXAMPLE
hundred
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LET’S PRACTICE:
comprehend landslide
construct pilgrim
instrument subtract
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VCCCV/VCCCCV
com/pre/hend in/fre/quent
con/tract pil/grim
com/press sub/tract
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SYLLABLE TYPE: VOWEL TEAMS
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SYLLABLE TYPE: VOWEL TEAMS
A vowel team has two vowels. In a vowel team, only one vowel speaks. Four
of the five vowels have vowel teams. The vowel u does not team. Each vowel has a certain number of teams. The pronunciation of vowels within vowel team
syllables is usually long. To mark a vowel team, underline the team, and
mark the talking long vowel with a macron.
Sample words with vowel team syllables:boat hay re / main fel / low
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VOWEL TEAMS BY THE NUMBERS
1. i: -ie2. a: ai -ay3. o: oa -ow -oe4. e: ee ea ie -ey
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VOWEL TEAMS
play
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VOWEL TEAMSUNDERLINE THE VOWEL TEAMS AND MARK WITH TALKING VOWEL WITH A MACRON.
eat stow
dume cho
oac pray
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WHICH ARE VOWEL TEAM SYLLABLES?
eat stow
dume cho
oac pray
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CUTTING PATTERN: VV
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VV
Divide VV pattern between the two vowels.
1. Underline the talking vowels and mark them with a (v).2. Swoop between the vowels and pull down the consonant between the vowels.3. Cut the word according to the pattern, between the vowels.4. Check the position of the vowel in each syllable and mark the vowel.5. Read the word a syllable at a time and blend the syllables together.
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EXAMPLE:
neon
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LET’S PRACTICE
memorize
mayor
crayon
rodeo
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VV
mem/or/ize
may/or
cray/on
ro/de/o
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SYLLABLE TYPE: VOWEL DIPTHONG
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SYLLABLE TYPE: VOWEL DIPHTHONGS
A dipthong has two vowels. There are five dipthong sounds. The vowel sounds are unique. The sign used to represent the dipthong
vowel sound is an oval ( )above the vowels.
Sample words with vowel dipthongs:laundry shower wool coins
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EXAMPLE:
boil
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VOWEL DIPTHONGS
1. oi, -oy2. -aw, au3. oo (boo), -ew, -ue, ui 4. ow, ou5. oo (look)
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VOWEL DIPTHONGSUNDERLINE THE VOWEL DIPTHONGS AND MARK THEM WITH AN OVAL.
cook feet
turmoil rowing
kangaroo failing
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VOWEL DIPTHONGS
cook feet
turmoil rowing
kangaroo failing
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CLASSROOM APPLICATION
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HOW DO I USE THESE TECHNIQUES IN MY CLASSROOM?
Integrate your knowledge of the seven syllable types and five cutting patterns into your daily phonics mini-lesson to explicitly teach decoding and encoding rules.
Apply syllabication rules to spelling words, robust vocabulary words, and any vocabulary words that are actively being used in the classroom.
Incorporate decodable text into partner reading, so students have a chance to apply taught syllabication skills.
Include syllable work in a word study center.
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PHONICS MINI-LESSONS
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MINI LESSON (8-10 MINUTES)
1 minute review of previously taught sounds 2 minutes to introduce/review weekly skill 3 minutes to practice decoding of weekly skill 3 minutes to practice encoding of weekly skill
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MINI-LESSON DEMO
Grade 3 Lesson 8 Dipthongs: ou, ow, oi, oy
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DIPTHONG RULES
A dipthong has two vowels. There are five dipthong sounds. The vowel sounds are unique. The sign used to represent the dipthong
vowel sound is an oval ( )above the vowels.
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OI, -OY DIPTHONG
oi= middle of word
-oy=end of word
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soil
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ploy
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enjoy
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noise
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point
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boy
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joint
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soy
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SPELLING
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ANCHOR CHARTS AND REFERENCE SHEETS
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ANCHOR CHARTS
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MORE ANCHOR CHARTS…
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REFERENCE SHEETS
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WORD WORK
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WORD HUNTS
Students hunt for a specific syllable type or cutting pattern in text and record the words.
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WORD SORTS-WORDS THEIR WAY
1. Provide students with a list of words.2. Have students sort words according to
syllable pattern or rule.
-ow ow ou
rowsnow
owlgrowl
outfound
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RESOURCES FOR GAMES
Florida Center for Reading Research Grades 2 and 3:
• http://www.fcrr.org/curriculum/PDF/G2-3/2-3Phonics_4.pdf
Grades 4 and 5: • http://
www.fcrr.org/curriculum/PDF/G4-5/45APPartTwo.pdf
o Words Their Way: Word Study for Phonics, Vocabulary, and Spelling Instruction• Chapter 6: Word Study for Transitional Leaners
in the Within Word Pattern Stage• Chapter 7: Word Study for Intermediate Readers
and Writers: The Syllables and Affixes Stage