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VIRGINIA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE ,..

EXTENSION DIVISION· VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE AND STATE UNIVERSITY - BLACKSBURG, VIRGINIA 24061

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VIRGINIA-MARYLAND REGIONAL COLLEGE

OF VETERINARY MEDICINE

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September-October, 1987 ~ ~L.... ~ -- ~- .. ::.-v··M ·L' ; h.f ;a rw"~~,-~-~ r ~I~-- -. -,. No. L•'. • •• r.. ~· lµ '--- ...._ .. .._ } ~•-'I" •'_-_ .• if-': ~1 1

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FLEA RESPONSE 1U ULTRASOUND COIJ..AR UNDER STIIDY ...... Page

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VETERINARY COLI.EGE NEWS Page

Page NEW HOSPITAL DIRECTOR .,L •.•... ·· .. · ,-

..-; ...... ~ . :~ ·- ~ .~·; ·~ . Page RESIDENTS AND INTERNS

THOUGlff FOR 11IE MONTH .,...

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CVM CLASS OF 1991 ............. : . Eage

Page I• • ·' INTERNAi .. NAVEL ABSCESSES IN CALVES .. ;, .r; -

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FALL 1987 CONTINUING EDUCATION OPPOR11JNITIES

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_:.- AUG 28 1987 '·~ ..... r,., - '" -:• Extension Veterinarian .. • ~- · .-• LI '.,(I

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Virg1n1a Cooperative Extension Service programs. act1v1t1es, and employment opportunities are available to all people regardless of race , color, religion , sex . age. national origin . handicap, or political affiliation An equal opportunity/affirmative act10J employer .

Iss ued n furtherance of Cooperative Extension work . Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, and September !30. 1977. in cooperation with the U S. Department of Agriculture W A Van Dresser . Dean Extension D1v1s1on , Cooperative Extension Service. V1rg1n1a Polytechnic Institute and State Un1vers1ty, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061 : M C. Harding , Sr .. Adm1n1strator.

1890 Extension Program. Virginia State University . Petersburg. V1rgin1a 23803

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. .,.. ... ~ . .. . The p pose of this article is to stimulate cl 'nicians to raise their

levels of suspicion of Campylobacter jejuni (previously Vibrio jejuni) causing acute gastroenteritis in dogs and cats, usually affecting animals under six months of age housed in large group settings.

C. 1e1uni is transmissible to man and can have serious public health significance. Human infection mimics the syndrome seen in animals. Man seems to hav'e an age-dependent, bimodal distribution o Campylobacter infection with the highest incidence in infants and in persons 20 to 29 years old. Un ike the p ttern in animals, however, adult people may have more serious illness than do children. Studies indicate that exposure to cattle, pigs, sheep or poultry is more likely related to human infection than is contact with puppies and kittens. Older dogs and cats, ferrets, hamsters, birds, rabbits, mice, rats, wLld rodents and monkeys also can harbor f. jejuni.

Because dar~-field or phase-contrast microscopy is needed to see the ba.~terium in feces, BJ}d because s ecial culture t'echniques and selective media are needed to grow the organism, in-house diagnosis of f. 1e1uni is unlikely. The trigger for suspicion has to come from the signalment, history and clinical picture.

A recent acquisition from a pet store, shelter or pound, or a pet ingesting raw milk or contaminated water or meat products (particularly poultry) has significantly increased potential exposure to f. jejuni. If people in the same household have developed similar signs as those of a new pet, suspicion should be immediately raised. ... ...... . •

The clinical picture usually observed is that of a young dog or cat with acute gastroenteritis. The spectrum of signs can range from the asymptomatic carrier condition (more likely in older pets) to profound, life-threa·tening disease. The diarrhea is usually of 3 to 7 days duraJion but may persist for more than two weeks. A uppy with a diarrhea which ~esolves i n a day or less is not likely to have campylobacteriosis. .. .

The organlsm can damage the mucosa of any part of the intestine and induce system· c responses and both small and large intestinail signs. Malaise to depression, fever, leukocytosis, some degree of anprexia and partial dehydration are the expected systemic responses. Watery diarrhea, with or w'thout a rust color due to the presence o blood, and sometimes vomiting can be the small bowel signs seen. Tenesmus and frequent diarrhea containing mucus and frank blood indicate l~rge bowel sease. •

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' Laboratory con -~rmation of C. _.kjuni infec ion requires incubation on : ~ .-ir. ( ,· selective media at 42 C i an a mosphere enriched wi.th 5% o2 and 10% co 2 . The

•., : '"' cost of t e special media (which has a short shelf-life) and equipment necessary ~· for culture is high, but proper culturing can only be performed in a laboratory

equipped to meet the requi r ements. . .. .. --~

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sent to the abor;atory as quickly as possible. Viability of the organisms decreases dram~tically at ambient temperatures. Rectal swabs should be conveyed in Amies with charcoa or Car ey-Blair semi-solid transport medium. A segment of small intes t ine (tied at each end with surgical suture or string) remains the best sample for postmortem diagnosis of any bacterial or viral enteritis .

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Most o u,s would like to think we are on the "cutting edge" of .veterinary · 1

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practice. Achieving this goal is difficult, and many practitioners never quite ..i-!I

make the grade. The t--remendous flood of veterinary knowledge, technology and techniques makes superior competency beyond the grasp of a majority of veterinarians. Specialization has been the answer for most of those who truly are on that "cutting edge". .

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Feeling an being especially competent in some area of veterinary practice is a great morale buil~er and often a practice builder as well. Perhaps more of us should select an area of practice we are particularly interested in and make a d.etermined effort to develop sp~cial expertise and competency in that area. It doesn't have to be neuro-surgery to be a valid specialty. Lt might be ear problems, dentistry or theriogenology. A genuine interest and commitment are the most necessary ingredients.

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If you. are feeling bored or "burned out", a planned and conscious effort to enhance your competency might renew your enthusiasm for practice. There is help available for those really interested. Why settle for mediocrity?--Kent Roberts, DVM, VA-tfl) Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA.

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-1 ' '· - . Several new faculty members have recently joined the College of Veterinary Med·icine, Blacksburg campus. .

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Thomas Caceci, PhD - Microanatomy. Dr. Caceci is a graduate of Kenyon College (BA 1969) and Georgetown University (PhD 1980). He was on the faculty of the veterinary college at Texas a&M before coming to Virginia.

Thomas Inzana, PhD - Olinical Bacteriology. Dr. Inzana received~is BS and MS degrees from the University of Georgia and his PhD from the School of Medicine, University of Rochester. He comes to Virginia from Washington State.

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Da.vid Brown, DVM - Ambulatory Service. Dr.. Brown comes to the VMRCVM from ·: ,s~I six years in a Wisconsin dairy practice. He attended Iowa State University ··.11 (DVM 1981, BS 1977). He is interested.in theriogenology and embryo transfer.

Kevin Pelzer, DVM, MPVM - Epidemiology. Dr. Pelzer graduated from the University of Kentucky (BS 1979), Tuskegee Institute (DVM 1980) and University of California-Davis (MPVM) 1984. He comes to Virginia from Iowa State and will serve as a member of the Production Management Medicine team.

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Mark Crisman, DVM - Ambulatory Service. A native of New York State, Dr. Crisman attended the University of Warsaw (DVM 1984) a~d Jagellonia~ University, Krakow, Poland, as well as Delaware Valley College, the University of Kentucky (BS 1977) and Washington State University (MS 1987) where he completed a residency in equine medicine before coming to Virginia.

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.... · ... , - . ii. I" - ~· --·- .. -.. Ellen Codner, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVIM. Small Animal Medicine/Dermatology. Dr. Codner is a Colorado State 1976 graduate and has completed an internship at Illinois, a re~idency at Washington State and comes to Virginia Tech

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NEW HOSPITAL DIRECTOR '•- .t· ~i...-,· • ::-;- • "' j ·-.·, ..., :-...-. ·' -

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Dr. Gregory C. Troy has been appointed Director of the Teaching Hospital, effective August 1, 1987. Dr. ~roy, a North Carolina native, comes to Virginia

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Tech from Texas A&M where file was Chief of Commu~ity Practice at the Teaching Hospital. He received his DVM from Auburn Unive~sity (1975) and an ~S from Texas A&M (1982). He is a diplomate of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medricine and has authored numeTous publicat'ons for veterinary journals. Dr. Troy replaces Kent Roberts who served as acting director for 16 months.

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RESIDENTS AND INTERNS I I

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Two residents and

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our interns started programs of clinic.al study on July J ~, ....

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Michael Matz, DVM. Resident in small animal medicine. Dr. Matz is ~ Colorado State graduate (DVM 1983) and practiced small animal medicine and surgery in Tucson, Arizona for four years before coming to Virginia.

Richard Flora, DVM . Resident i ,n small anima1 surgery. Purdue 1986. Dr. Flora interned at the University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine prior to starting his residency at VMRCVM. _

Rachael Bangert, DVM, MS. Inter in small animal medicine and surgery. Washington State 1986, MS 1987. Dr. Bangert is an animal science graduate of the University of Maryland and has a special interest in avian medicine .

Christine Wilford, DVM. Intern in small animal medicine and surgery. Texas A&M 1987. Dr. Wi1£ord received her BS degree from Texas A&M and has special expertise in emergency medicine.

. r: ·1. -- Arlena Milton., .DVM. Intern in la.rge animal medicine and surgery. University of Californi&-Davis, 1987. Dr. Milton received a BS in animal science from Cal. San Luis Obispo and in veteri~ary science from Cal-Davis.

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-.-, • Jeffrey Ward, DVM. Intern in large animal medicine and surgery. VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, 1987. Dr. Ward ~ttended Johns

opkins University (BA 1982) and the University of Maryland .

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The Class of 1991 will have their orientation on September 3-4 and begin classes on iLabor Day. D ta on the makeup of the class is listed below.

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Virgini : ~ · ·~·. i 1

i __ f Mary land: 89 applicants of 108 were interviewed for 50 places. 1• 1 _.

60 applicants of 84 were interviewed for 30 places. . - • ~ - I "

Degrees Held: Virginia:

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Colleges Attended: _.., • I

Iotal of 29 different _i ~ ~~ ... _==--L' ~~ 18 different mad ors

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Average cumulative grade point average

Average age: 25 years (range 20-35)

Female students: 55 Male

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1- During a 2 year period, internal umbilical abscesses were diagnosed in 10

male aNd female Ayrshire and Friesian x Ayrshire calves in 3-12 month old (avg. 4), which were unthrifty and depressed. They resisted abdominal palpation, and some with tails slightLy raised urinated small amounts w'th increased frequency. Urine contained cellular debris with protein. • ~~ .. ! .. - ~- .---...- -.

The first case was diagnosed by right-flank laparotomy, which revealed a rigid mass attached to the bladder apex, extending to the umbilicus and stretching the bladder into a long sausage-like shape. Later, midline laparotomy was performad, and a 15-cm elliptical incision was made around the umbilicus and through the abdominal musc11es to free the umbilicus, which was withdrawn by blunt dissection. After the cranial portion of the bladder and the attached :" _•

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mass were excised, the bladder was repaired with 2-0 gut in 2 layers and the abdominal closed routinely. Antib'otics were given for 5 days and sutures

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.. _ ..... _ removed a(ter 10 days. Tissue secretions revealed the mass to be an abscess. 11 1 ~ 1

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_....._J I .. I ' I Seven other calves were treated similarly, and one Te uired a nylon mesh

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.. I September

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September

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October

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October 22

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November

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November

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November 19

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December

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Small Animal Medicine Update Chesapeake Holiday Inn (9/16) Charlottesville Days Inn (9/ 7)

Bovine Practitioners Workshop Quality Inn - Frederick, MD

VVMA Fa11 Board Meeting Grand Rounds (10/2) - Blacksburg, VA

VMRCVM Alumni Con erence College of Vet. Med.

Equine Practitioners Workshop Diagnosis of Lameness - Waynesboro, VA

Local Associations Meeting

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Donaldson Brown Center - Blacksburg, VA T• ~ "'I - '.... -

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Equine Colic Sympos ~um -I~_- 10 Equine Medical Center Leesburg, VA

Equine Colic Wet Lab Jj.

Medical Center VA

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6 Equine Leesburg,

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Equine Limb Surgery Lecture/Wet Lab - Blacksburg, VA

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Orthopedic Surgery - Canine Hind Limb Lecture/Wet Lab - Blacksburg, VA ·111

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I Exotic Mammal/Pet Bird Medicine Dr. Fowler/Dr. Rosskopf - Blacksburg, VA

Sma 1 Animal Anesthesia Works op Days Inn - Charlottesville, VA

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Pr~ctical Surgery of the Eye and Ear .. _.:.... .­_. ...

Lecture/Wet Lab - Blacksburg, VA --. '~ - -

Diagnostic Ultrasound Workshop II~~

Small Animal(Large Animal - Blacksburg, VA

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VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine Blacksburg, VA 24061 .- 1 1

(703)961-7666 ~~ii .. twii~--1- -i

Note: Program brochures are normally mailed approximately six weeks prior to the course.

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Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine Extension Staff: I~ I.

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' rm'- . _', - - ~jj Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr.

J.M. Bowen · ~,-, ·- Ext ens ion C.T. Larsen --=·--Extension K.C. C.F. w..

Roberts -., : - Ext ens ion Shipley

Dee Whittier Extension Extension

Specialist Specialist Specialist Specialist Specialist

Equine Avians

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Swine & Small Ruminants Cattle

K.C. Roberts, Editor ,-_- \

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Barbara A. Baber, Managing Editor of VIRGINIA VETERINARY NOTES

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VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE / 11

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