Synthesis of Radiation-Resistant Multifunctional Materials

G. Oniashvili, G. Zakharov, Z. Aslamazashvili, M. ChikhradzeF. Tavadze Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science

The purpose of work Receiving boron containing multipurpose, including nano-structural, radiation-resistant materials and product.

The goal was reached by means of SHS technology in the following independent technological directions:

1. SHS - compaction in a mode of burning and in a mode of thermal explosion were received: new without porous monolithic ceramic-metal resistant to dynamic blows, and also gradiyentny from two and more (with regulated) thickness of layers materials and products from them 2. SHS - under atmospheric conditions were received: porous, heat-resistant and heat resisting composite materials and products from them.3. SHS – cast in the field of mass forces were received: ligatures in system of glands-pine forests, nickel - pine forest

As a restorer were used aluminum alloy with the magnesium, received from production wastes

1. SHS -compactionA. On fig. 1 and 2 is presented appearance and structure ceramic-metal material on a basis nitride – boride of the titan and, with the following characteristics:

- Inexpensive ~ 50$/kg- Ultrafine with the sizes of particles <1 microns- Partially nanostructural <100 nanometers

Fig. 1 Metal-ceramic material on a basis nitride –boride of the Titanium

Spectrum In stats. N Ti1 Yes 47.6 52.42 Yes 47.2 52.83 Yes 50.1 49.9

Mean 48.3 51.7Std. deviation 1.6 1.6

 Spectrum In stats. B T

i

 4 Yes 6

6.5

33.5

 5 Yes 6

6.7

33.2

 Mean 6

6.6

33.4

Std. deviation 0.2

0.2

 

Processing option: nitrogen by differenceAll results in atomic %

Fig. 2. Microstructure and distribution of elements in phases of the received metal-ceramic material on a basis nitride – boride of the titanium

- One of the layer is nanostructure ≤100 nmTiAl or Ti3Al;

- The other layer is metal-ceramic material on the base of Ti-B or Ti-C-B-Me system- the thickness and quantity of layers are adjustable

B. On fig. 3 and 4 is presented appearance and structure of a composite graded material consisting of two layers:

Fig. 3. Graded two-layer metal-ceramic material on the left TiAl and TiB, on the right Ti3Al and TiC+ TiB

Fig. 4. Microstructure of the border of phases Ti3Al (left) and TiB0,6 (right)

2. SHS – Under atmospheric conditions

On fig. 5 are presented a different geometrical form of porous composite material consisting of mutually - the mixed phases CrB-Al2O3 which is received from cheap oxides and metal restorer .

- the gas permeability, regulated - from -1-to the 400 cond . units- general porosity (П, %) - 55-60- diameter of porous dп Max., a micron - 45

- heat resistance (there is no oxidation) - 1300 – 1400 о С- thermal stability heating up to 1000 о С and cooling in water at 20 о С about With - more than 30 cycles

-

Fig. 5 Composite material with adjustable porosity

Some technical and economic indicators and results of the carried-out researches (presented in tables No. 1 and 2) in the following systems:

1. B – Fe – Al-Mg – O; 2. B - Fe –Al- Mg – H – O;3. B – Fe – Al-Mg – K – F – O; 4. B – Ni – Al-Mg – K – F – O .

3. SHS- cast in the field of mass forces

Method

Extraction of boron, % Electric power consumption,KV/H

Impurity liquation on height and cross section of sample, %

Ferro-boron nickel-boron

Industrial Aluminum thermal method

50 -70 45-55 520 - 600 Si, P, Cu 25 - 35

SHS method 60 - 72 65 - 75 10 - 20 --- ---

table. 1

table. 2

SystemExperimental conditions Initial

quantity of Boron in chasm, gr

withdrawal of alloy, gr

X-ray analysis

Boron quantity in the final product , gr.

Extraction of boron, %

Gravitational coefficient, a/g

argon. pressure MPa

theoretical

exp.

1

0 1,0 8,01 36,4 27,0 FeB 4,43 55,31

2 1000 1,0 6,31 32,7 25,5 FeB~60%Fe2B~40%

4,21 66,7

3 1000 3,0 4,26 26,1 21,2 Fe2B~60%FeB~40%

2,93 68,7

4 1000 3,0 3,44 23,6 21,8 Mg2,99Ni7,52B6 2,48 72,1

Из таблицы № 1 следует, что в системе № 3 полученный ферробор соответствует промышленному марки ФВ-2, а в системе №4 полученный материал соответстуюет промышленному никель-бору марки НВ-1 ( по содержанию бора в конечном продукуте), а из таблицы 2 видно, что по извлечению бора CВС – способ превышает алюминотермическому методу получения лигатур.

From the table No. 1 follows that in system No. 3 the received ferroboron corresponds industrial the ФВ-2 mark, and in system No. 4 the received material corresponds industrial НВ-1 brand nickel-Boron (according to the content of boron in final product), and table 2 shows that as for boron extraction, SHS method exceeds to an Aluminum thermal method of receiving ligatures.

• By experiments it is established that in each technological direction can be obtained powder, cast, compacts (including graded nanostructural), metal-ceramic- materials resistant to dynamic blows, containing boron isotope 10В ;

• it is established that under atmospheric conditions it is possible to receive porous, heat-resistant and heat resisting composite materials, thus, it is possible to change gas permeability from 400 conditional units to 1. Manufacturing of products in the form of cylinders, plugs, glasses, plates and construction elements is possible, thus losses of boron is no more than 1 %.

• replacement of boron containing raw materials by raw materials an including isotope 10В, doesn't influence technological parameters of synthesis and quality of a material

• As a restorer were used aluminum alloy with the magnesium, received from production wastes

Results

Thank you for attention