^^vk/kqfud izeq[k pkj rU= fp=dkjksa dh fr;ksa dk foys"k.kkRed v/;;u^^

ds- lh- ,l- if.kdj] ,l- ,p- jt+k] th- vkj- larks"k] 'kksHkk czwVk

n;kyckx+ fk{k.k laLFkku MhEM ;wfuoflZVh vkxjk ls fp=dyk esa ih&,p Mh dh mikf/k gsrq

izLrqr 'kks/k&izca/k dh :ijs[kk

2014

Lkadk; eq[k dh laLrqfr gsrq foHkkxk/;{k dh laLrqfr gsrq

izks mfeZyk vkuUn] izks jkfxuh jkW;

v/;{k laLr foHkkx] v/;{k Mkbax ,.M isafUVx foHkkx

dyk ladk;] dyk ladk;]

MhbZvkbZ MhEM ;wfuoflZVh MhbZvkbZ MhEM ;wfuoflZVh

n;kyckx+] vkxjk n;kyckx+] vkxjk

'kks/k funsZkd 'kks/k Nk=k

izks vfouh dqekj 'kekZ lk{kh xqIrk Mkbax ,.M iasfUVx foHkkx Mkbax ,.M isafUVx foHkkx

dyk ladk;] dyk ladk;]

MhbZvkbZ MhEM ;wfuoflZVh MhbZvkbZ MhEM ;wfuoflZVh

n;kyckx+] vkxjk n;kyckx+] vkxjk

^^vk/kqfud izeq[k pkj rU= fp=dkjksa dh fr;ksa dk foys"k.kkRed v/;;u^^

ds- lh- ,l- if.kdj] ,l- ,p- jt+k] th- vkj- larks"k] 'kksHkk czwVk

fo"k; lwph%&

'kks/k ladYiuk

lkfgfR;d iqujoyksdu

ifjdYiuk

ms;

pj

dk;Z iz.kkyh %&

1& vuqla/kku vfHkdYi

2& iznRr ladyu %&

v& izkFkfed

c& f}rh;d

3& izfrnkZ

4& lk{kkRdkj

5& iznRr ladyu dh izf;k

6& lhek

fu"d"kZ

orZeku ifjn`; esa v/;;u ds vkosnu

'kks/k ladYiuk %&

dyk] lalkj eas ekuo dks ekuoksRre cukrh gSA dHkh ;g izsj.kk rks dHkh thou

dk y{; rks dHkh vkRe psruk ds xwus dk lk/ku gSA tc

ls l`f"V dh jpuk gqbZ rc ls vc rd dyk o ekuo dk ?kfu"B lEcU/k jgk gSA ekuo

vius Hkkoksa dh vfHkO;fDr loZizFke dyk ds }kjk gh djrk jgk gS] blds fy;s mlus

dsoy fp=dyk dk gh ugha vfirq vU; yfyr dykvksa dk Hkh lgkjk fy;kA ekuo us

Lo;a o izd`fr ds lEcU/k dks le>us ds fy;s loZizFke dyk dks lk/ku cuk;kA

Hkkjrh; dyk esa /kkfeZd rFkk nkkZfud ekU;rkvksa dh vfHkO;fDr vkjEHk ls gh dh xbZ gSA fQj pkgs og izLrj dkyhu dyk gks ;k flU/kq ?kkVh lH;rk ]y?kq fp=.k ijEijk

gks ;k vR;k/kqfud ledkyhu dykA ekuo vkfn dky ls gh izfr o czk.M ds xw

fr;ksa ds fuekZ.k ds fy;s dykdkjksa us rkfU=d izrhsdksa] T;kferh; vkfr;ksa o o.kkZ{kjksa vkfn dk iz;ksx fd;kA

rU= %& rU= 'kCn dh mRifRr laLr Hkk"kk dh *ru~* /kkrq ls gqbZ gS] ftldk vFkZ gS *foLrkj*A *=* dk vFkZ gS *lk/ku*A bl izdkj rU= 'kCn dk vFkZ gS *Kku ds

lk/ku dk foLrkj* bl f"V ls rU= u dsoy /keZ gS vkSj u gh thou dh jgL;e;h i)fr ek= vfirq ;g thou dk vuqHko ,oa ,d ,slk lk/ku gS] ftlds ek/;e ls euq";

Lo;a esa fufgr vk/;kfRed 'kfDr dk fodkl dj ldrk gSA

ije 'kfDr ds jgL; dks rkfdZdrk ls ughsa le>k tk ldrkA ;g Kku] rkfdZd

/kkj.kk ds ijs gSA osn bl okLrfodrk dk udkjkRed fooj.k nsrs gSaA osnksa ds vuqlkj

okLrfodrk dks rdZ ds vusd Lrjksa }kjk ughsa le>k tk ldrkA ijUrq rU= ,d

vUrZKku dk foKku ijekRek dh izkfIr ds fy;s rU= ds ije rkfRod jgL;e;h o

oSKkfud vk/kkj bl dsfUnzd fopkj ds Lrjksa dh fofHkUurk dks crkrs gSa ftlesa dq.Mfyuh

ds tkxzr gksus ij nSoRo dh izkfIr gksrh gSA dq.Mfyuh dk ;g tkxj.k jgL;e; nSoRo

izkfIr dh izf;k gSA ;g izf;k ,d euq"; dk vUr% vkfRed LFkkukUrj.k izf;k ds

ekxZ ij ys tkrh gS] dq.Mfyuh dh tkxzfr HkkSfrdrk] tkZ o vkUrfjd 'kfDr;ksa esa

LFkkukUrj.k ykrh gSA tc ;g ;kfU=d tkZ dks vkUrfjd tkZ esa cnyrk gS rks bls

^mifo|k^ dgrs gSaA bl 'kfDr ds 'kkjhfjd ;k HkkSfrd ykHk ds fy;s fd;s x;s vH;kl

dks ^vfo|k lk/kuk^ dgrs gSaA ekufld 'kfDr dks vkfRed 'kfDr esa cnyus dks ^fo|k

rU=^ dgrs gSaA

rU= lk/kuk ds ekxZ esa ;a=] ea=] ;ksx] /;ku] lekf/k vkfn flf) ds fy;s

vk/kjHkwr f;k;sa Lohdkj dh tkrh gSaA ea= vkSj ;a=] rU= fo|k ds egRoiw.kZ vax ekus

tkrs gSaA

;U= %& ;U= 'kCn *;e~* /kkrq ls cuk gS] ftldk vFkZ gS fu;fer djuk] la;fer

djuk ;k dsfUnzr djukA leLr rkfU=d dyk ewy:i esa ;U=ksa ij vk/kkfjr gSA ;U=ksa

dk fuekZ.k js[kk] fcUnq] chtk{kj] o.kkZ{kj vkfn fofHkUu Lo:iksa ds vadu ls gksrk gSA ;U=

,d T;kferh; vkfr gksrh gS tks fd nsoh ;k nsork ds foks"k Lo:i dks izLrqr djrh gSA ;g vkfr T;kferh; vkdkjks ls curh gS ftlesa la[;kvksa o laLr Hkk"kk ds 'kCnksa dk Hkh iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA

eU= %& eU=] rU= lk/kuk dk izk.k gSA eU= 'kkL=h; lw= gSa] ftudh lqfuf'pr

;kSfxd i)fr ls lk/kuk djds lkalkfjd vFkok vkykSfdd ms; dh izkfIr dh tk ldrh gSA rU= ds vuqlkj *v* ls *K* rd ds v{kj o.kZ ekr`dk cukrs gSa tks lk{kkr~

'kfDr ds L=ksr gSa vkSj cht eU=ksa ds ewy gSaA

rU= lk/kuk euq"; dks dqkyrk ds mPp ,oa vk/;kfRed Lrjksa dh vksj ys tkrk gS] vkSj ,d ;ksxh vius thou ds ije y{; dh izkfIr rc djrk gS tc og ije fkok ds lkFk ,d gks tkrk gS vkSj rc bls ijk&lkfEor dgrs gSaA

bUgha lc ijk HkkSfrd rF;ksa o fopkjksa ds vk/kkj ij ledkyhu dykdkjksa us rU=

dk iz;ksx dyk esa djds ije cz dh vjk/kuk dh gSA rU= fp=kfr;ka HkkSfrd rRoksa o

czk.Mh; rRoksa ds e/; lekurk ds v/;;u dk ,d ek/;e gSaA ;s fr;ka Kku o foosd ds vk/kkj ij iw.kZ :is.k vf}rh; gSaA ;s fr;ka iw.kZr;% vewrZ o vR;f/kd tfVy gSaA rU= fr;ksa dh eq[; foks"krk budh vLi"Vrk gSA

rU= fr;ksa esa cgqrk;r :i ls vewZr o vusdkFkhZ vkdkjksa dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA vLi"Vrk bu fr;ksa dh foks"krk gS] tks fd nkZd dk /;ku dsfUnzr djus esa lgk;d gksrh gSA tc rU= fr;ksa }kjk vjk/kuk dh tkrh gS rc ;s fr;ka nSoh; 'kfDr;ksa ds izrhdkRed :i dks izLrqr djrh gSaA ;g ek= dyk dh fo|k gh ugha gS

cfYd ;g /;ku dsfUnzr djus dk lk/ku gSA

ledkyhu vk/kqfud dyk esa rU= dyk dk fodkl xqyke jlwy larks"k] ds- lh-

,l- if.kdj] lS;n gSnj jt+k] fcjsu Ms] fujksn etwenkj] ed+cwy fQ+nk gqlSu] lrhk xqtjky] ih- Vh- jsM~Mh] nhid cSuthZ] 'kksHkk czwVk] izHkkdj dksYVs vkfn dykdkjksa ds

lkFkZd iz;kl ls gqvkA ftuesa ls xqyke jlwy larks"k] ds- lh- ,l- if.kdj] lS;n gSnj

jt+k o 'kksHkk czwVk us egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku fn;kA

lkfgfR;d iqujoyksdu %&

esjs 'kks/k dk fo"k; ^^vk/kqfud izeq[k rU= fp=dkjksa dh fr;ksa dk foys"k.kkRed v/;;u ds- lh- ,l- if.kdj] ,l- ,p- jt+k] th- vkj- lUrks"k] 'kksHkk czwVk^^ gSA vius

fo"k; ls lEcfU/kr eSaus dbZ iqLrdsa is vkdf"kZr fd;kA ftuls eq>s bl fo"k; ij dk;Z djus dh izsj.kk feyhA MkW- xkSre pVthZ

dk ys[k ^^dyk esaa rU=& iquZf"V o vUrZf"V^^ dyk nh?kkZ vol. 7 vizSy 2007 esa is cgqr izHkkfor fd;kA eSaus] rU=

fo"k; ls lEcfU/kr iqLrd tSls& Lallan Prasad Singh dh Tantra- its Mystic and

Scientific Basis o Philip Rowson dh The Art of Tantra, Ajit Mookerjee and

Madhu Khanna dh The Tantric Way (Art, Science and Ritual), Ajit

Mookerjee dh The Tantra Art- its Philosophy & Physics, Indra Sinha dh The

Great Book of Tantra dk v/;;u fd;k A

ifjdYiuk&

dyk ds vusd fo"k;ksa esa ls rU= fo"k; ls lEcfU/kr fr;ksa us esjh ftKklk dks vkSj vf/kd c

blesa pkj izeq[k uo&rkfU=d dykdkjksa dh fr;ksa ds dykRed v/;;u ds lkFk dykdkjksa dk ra= dyk ds fodkl esa buds ;ksxnku dh leh{kk d:xhA

mn~ns;&

vkt Hkh rU= dkyk tknw dh ,d izf;k ekuk tkrk gSA lEHkor% blh dkj.k

;g lnSo v/;;u dh f"V ls misf{kr jgk gSA bl fopkj/kkjk dk [k.Mu djds ,d uohu n`f"Vdks.k izLrqr djus dk iz;kl d:xhA ;g rU= vk/;kfRed laLfr fojklr vkSj lkaLfrd bfrgkl dk fodflr :i gS] vkSj ;g lkfgR; esa mR"V o nkZu esa loksZRre gS tks fd bldk ,d ek= izekf.kr dFku gSA blds lkfgR; dk cM+k fgLlk

vkt Hkh ik.Mqfyfi :i esa Hkjk iM+k gSA lj tkWu oqMjQ us vius vFkd iz;klksa ls ;g

fl) fd;k gS fd rU= laLfr u rks dksbZ tknw gS vkSj u gh dksbZ vuSfrd f;kvksa dh lk/kukA iapdjksa efnjk] ekal] eNyh] eqnzk o eSFkqu f;k dh lk/kuk rU= ds ckjs esa

vusd xyr /kkj.kk;sa mRiUu djrh gS] tks fd rU= izrhdkRedrk ls ifjiw.kZ gSA

vk/kqfud dyk esa rU= dyk dk v/;;u djus dk esjk mn~ns; rU= dykfr;ksa dh Hkzked rF;ksa dks mtkxj djus dk iz;kl jgsxk gSA

pj %&

1& dykdkj

2& dyk fk{kd

3& dyk fo|kFkhZ

4& dyk izkald ,oa dyk leh{kd

5& lgikBh

6& laxzgky;

7& dyk laxzgdrkZ

8& iqLrdsa

9& foojf.kdk dSVykWx

10& bUVjusV

dk;Z iz.kkyh&

v& vuqla/kku vfHkdYi& esjk 'kks/k dk;Z ledkyhu dykdkjksa dh fr;ksa ds n`;kRed dykRed o o.kZukRed v/;;u ij vk/kkfjr gksxkA

c& iznRr ladyu&

izkFkfed & dykdkj dh ekSfyd dykfr;kA

f}Rkh;d& lk{kkRdkj] ys[k] iqLrdsa] izdkfkr i=&if=dk,sa] lekpkj i=] csc&lkbV~l] tuZYl vkfnA

l& Ukewus& esjs }kjk dykdkjksa dh yxHkx 100&150 dykfr;ksa dk p;u dj fd;k tk;sxkA ;s dykfr;k mudh leLr rU= dyk dk izfrfuf/kRo djsxhaA

n& lk{kkRdkj& dyk leh{kdksa o dyk fo}kuksa o dykdkjksa dk lk{kkRdkjA

;& iznRr ladyu dh izf;k & esjh iznRr ladyu dh izf;k dykfr;ksa] ppkZvksa o foospukvksa ij vk/kkfjr gksxhA

j& lhek& izR;ssd 'kks/k dk;Z dh ,d lhek gksrh gSA ;g 'kks/k dykdkj ,oa dyk

leh{kdksa ds lk{kkRdkj] iqLrdksa] i=&if=dkvksa] tujYl] laxzgky;] dSVkykWx vkfn ij

vk/kkfjr gSA

^vk/kqfud izeq[k pkj rU= fp=dkjksa dh fr;ksa dk foys"k.kkRed v/;;u^

ds- lh- ,l- if.kdj] ,l- ,p- jt+k] th- vkj- larks"k] 'kksHkk czwVk

'kks/k lajpuk

Hkwfedk %& rU= dk ifjp;

v/;k; izFke %& Hkkjrh; fp=dyk esa rU= dyk dh iwoZ fLFkfr

1-1& izkxSfrgkfld dyk

1-2& flU/kq ?kkVh dyk

1-3& viHkzak 'kSyh

1-4& jktLFkkuh 'kSyh

1-5& igkM+h 'kSyh

v/;k; f}rh; %& vk/kqfud fp=dyk esa rU= dyk dk mn~Hko o fodkl

2-1& nkZu ds vk/kkj ij

2-2& /keZ ds vk/kkj ij

2-3& foKku ds vk/kkj ij

2-4& lkfgR; ds vk/kkj ij

v/;k; r`rh; %& vk/kqfud izeq[k rU= fp=dkjksa dk O;fDrRo

3-1& izkjfEHkd fk{kk

3-2& dyk izsj.kk L=ksr ,oa izHkko

3-3& izeq[k iznkZfu;ka] lEeku vkfn

v/;k; prqFkZ %& vk/kqfud izeq[k rU= fp=dkjksa dh fr;ksa dk v/;;u

4-1& fo"k; oLrq ds vk/kkj ij

4-2& fp=dyk dh yk{kf.kd izo`fRr;ka

4-3& fp=.k fof/k ds vk/kkj ij

v/;k; iape~ %& vk/kqfud izeq[k rU= fp=dkjksa dh fr;ksa dk dyk rRoksa ds

vk/kkj ij v/;;u

5-1& js[kk

5-2& :i Hksn

5-3& o.kZ

5-4& la;kstu

5-5& lkeUtL;

5-6& lUrqyu

5-7& vUrjky

5-8& izek.k

5-9& lkn`;

v/;k; "k"Be~ %& vk/kqfud izeq[k rU= fp=dkjksa dh fr;ksa dk rqyukRed

v/;;u

6-1& dky ds vk/kkj ij

6-2& euksoSKkfudrk ds vk/kkj ij

6-3& dykRedrk ds vk/kkj ij

6-4& rduhfd ds vk/kkj ij

6-5& mi;ksfxrk ds vk/kkj ij

milagkj %&

vk/kqfud izeq[k rU= fp=dkjksa ij Hkkjrh; laLfr dh izHkko vk/kqfud izeq[k rU= fp=dkjksa dk ledkyhu dyk esa ;ksxnku

lUnHkZ xzUFk lwph %&

fgUnh

vaxzsth

'kks/k i=&if=dk,sa

lwfpi= dSVykWx

lekpkj i=

OksclkbVl

fp= lwph

ifjfk"V %&

fp=dkjksa ls lk{kkRdkj

fofHkUu dyk leh{kdksa ds fopkj

rduhfd 'kCnksa dk vFkZ

lekpkj i=

rU= dyk dk ifjp; rU= ije 'kkL= ds :Ik esa tkuk tkrk gSA rU= nkZu dh 'kk[kk fkokn~oSrk dk Hkkjrh; fpUrukhy vkfRed fo|k esa foks"k ;ksxnku gS] rU= esa vn~oSrk dk vFkZ vuUr ;k LFkk;h :Ik esa leku le; esa izdV fko o 'kfDr gS tks fd rU= nkZu ds ije lRrk dks LFkkfir djrs gSA fko ije 'kfDr dk vLi"V :Ik o 'kfDr bldk lEiw.kZ :Ik gSA

dq.Mfyuh] eU= vkSj ;U= ;s rhu rU= lk/kuk ds jgL;kRed fl)kUr gSaA bl

jgL; dh okLrfodrk dsoy jgL;e; vuqHkoksa ls gh izdV gks ldrh gSA ije 'kfDr dh

lRrk dks vkfRed fo|k dh fdlh Hkh O;kdj.k }kjk O;k[;kf;r ughsa fd;k tk ldrkA

rU= lk/kuk dk jgL;kRed vuqHko izR;{k o vizR;{k dk foLr`r :i gSA vkUrfjd

vuqHko ds }kjk ,d ;ksxh okLrfodrk dks xgjk;h ls tku ikrk gSA

izFke v/;k; ds vUrxZr Hkkjrh; fp=dyk esa rU= dyk dh iwoZ fLFkfr tks fd dqN de

o /kqa/kys :i esa yxHkx 5000 bZ-iw-&3000 bZ-iw- ds e/; izdkk esa vk;h gS] dyk ds vkjfEHkd Lo:i dks o mlds cnyrs Lo:i esa flU/kq ?kkVh lH;rk tks fd izekf.kr :i

ls rkfU=d laLfr ds :i esa Lohr gSA dyk ds cnyrs Lo:i ds lkFk c

rU= vkSj osn Hkkjrh; laLfr o lH;rk dh nks 'kk[kk;sa gSaA rU= izkphu Hkkjr dh igpku gSA ;g og /kkfeZd lewg gS ftlesa osn 'kk[kk Lo:i dk;Zjr gS] ijURkq budk

iw.kZ Li"V ;k izR;{k fojks/k vkSj la?k"kZ dkQh le; rd ds fy;s i`Fkd gks x;k o nksuksa

fgUnq lH;rk ds la?kVUk esa vkRelkr gq;sA rU= vkxe gS vkSj osn fuxe gSA rU=

vk/;kfRed thou ds nksuksa i{kksa dkYifUkd ;k lS)kfUrd o O;ogkfjd ds lkFk dk;Z

djrk gS ftuesa lS)kfUrd i{k fuxe o O;ogkfjd i{k dk vxe dgykrk gSA fufr

'kkL= ds vuqlkj vkxe& vkus dh f;k dk Hkko ;k mRifRr tks osn 'kkL=] fdlh /keZ

ds eq[; xzUFk ftu ij /keZ vkfJr gksA fuxe& osn dh og v'; vkSj LFkkbZ laLFkk ftls fof/k ds }kjk 'kjhj vFkok 'kjhj/kkjh dk :i izkIr gqvk gSA rU= rRo o eU=ksa ls

O;ogkfjr gS tks igys czk.Mh; fl)kUr vkSj ckn esa jgL;e;rk ls iw.kZ gSA

f}rh; v/;k; ds vUrxZr vk/kqfud fp=dyk esa rU= dyk dk mn~Hko crkrs gq;s fofHkUu

pj.kksa esa foHkDr v/;k; ftlesa nkZu] /keZ] Hkk"kk o fyfi rFkk lkfgR; ds vk/kkj ij v/;;u dk /;s; jgsxkA HkkSfrdoknh foKku okLrfodrk esa dksbZ Hkh vk/;kfRed

f"Vdks.k izLrqr ughsa djrk gS] bldh izf;k foys"k.kkRed gSA ;g rF;ijd laaalkj dks T;kferh; :iksa o HkkSfrd ladYiuk dh O;k[;k djrk gSA ;s :Ik o ladYiuk;sa iw.kZ

vewrZ gSaA foKku }kjk okLrfodrk rd igqpuk lnSo i{kikr iw.kZ jgrk gSA HkkSfrdokn

czk.M ds ewy fl)kUrksa dks O;Dr djus ds fy;s dsoy ;kfU=d lk/kuksa dk iz;ksx djrk

gS ijUrq vc blus vius O;ogkj dks ifjofrZr fd;k gS D;ksafd buds }kjk og czk.M

ds ewy fl)kUrksa dks O;Dr djus esa vlQy jgkA rU= lk/kuk ls nkZu 'kkL= o foKku vkfRed fo|k esa lfEefyr gSaA rU= foKku o vk/;kRe rFkk OkkLrfodrk o vknkZ dks ,d lkFk lfEefyr djrk gSA Hkkjr esa nkZu 'kkL= iw.kZ fpUrukhy u gksdj thou dks le>us dk ekxZ gSA vkfRed Kku nkZukkL= dh ,drk gS ;g thou ds vfLrRo ij fuHkZj gSA

r`rh; v/;k; esa vk/kqfud izeq[k rU= fp=dkjksa dk O;fDrRo o mudh izkjfEHkd fk{kk] dyk izsj.kk L=ksr ,oa mudh dyk esa iM+us okys izHkko rFkk izeq[k iznkZfu;k o lEeku vkfn ds fok; esa v/;;u d:xhA

prqFkZ v/;k; ds vUrxZr vk/kqfud izeq[k rU= fp=dkjksa dh fr;ksa dk v/;;u o fp=ksa dh fo"k;oLrq ds vk/kkj ij oxhZdj.k dj fp=.k fof/k o foks"krkvksa ij /;ku dsfUnzr jgsxkA

iape~ v/;k; ds vUrxZr vk/kqfud izeq[k rU= fp=dkjksa dh fr;ksa dk izeq[k dyk rRoksa js[kk] :iHksn] o.kZ] la;kstu] lkeUtL;] lUrqyu] vUrjky] izek.k] lk'; ds vk/kkj ij v/;;u d:xhA

"k"Be~ v/;k; ds vUrxZr vk/kqfud izeq[k rU= fp=dkjksa dh fr;ksa dk dky] euksoSKkfudrk] dykRedrk] O;olkf;drk] mi;ksfxrk rFkk rduhfd ds vk/kkj ij

rqyukRed v/;;u d:xhA

milagkj ds vUrxZr vk/kqfud izeq[k rU= fp=dkjksa dk fp=dyk esa ;ksxnku crkrs gq;s

vk/kqfud rU= fp=dkjksa ij Hkkjrh; laLfr dh Nki o vk/kqfud izeq[k rU= fp=dkjksa dk ledkyhu dyk esa ;ksxnku ij ppkZ d:xhA

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Bunce, Fredrick W. : 2001, The Yantra of Dieties and their Numerological Foundation- an Iconographic Consideration, D.K. Printedworld (P) Ltd. New Delhi- 110015.

2. Das, H. C. : 1981, Tantricism- A Study of the Yogini Cult, Sterling Publishers Private Limited, New Delhi.

3. Gupte, Ramesh, S. : 1972, Iconography of the Hindus, Buddhist and Jains, Bombay.

4. Gupta, Shyamala : 1999, Art, Beauty and Creativity- Indian and Western Aesthetics, D.K. Printworld (P) Ltd. New Delhi.

5. Hara, O. Hashnu : 1995, Number, Name and Colour : As Applied to Character and Fate, New Delhi.

6. Khanna, Madhu, : 1979, Yantra-The Tantric Symbol of cosmic Unity, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London.

7. Langer, Susanne, K. : 1976, Feeling and Form- A Theory of Art Developed From Philosophy in a New Key, Routledge and Kegan Paul Ltd. London.

8. Mookerjee, Ajit, : 1971, Tantra Art- Its Philosophy & Physics, Ravi Kumar Gallery, New Delhi.

9. Mookerjee, Ajit, Madhu : 1977, Tantric Way (Art, Science and Ritual), Khanna Thames and Hudson, .

10. Mookerjee, Ajit, : 1971,Tantra Asna-away to self- realization, Ravi Kumar, Kumar Gallery, New Delhi, .

11. Mookerjee, Ajit : 1985, Ritual Art of India, London. 12. Randhawa, M. S. : 1977, Beautifing India, Thomson Press, India Ltd.

New Delhi. 13. Rawson, Philip : 1973, The Art of Tantra, Vikas Publishing House

Pvt. Ltd. India. 14. Singh, Lalan Prasad : 1973, Tantra- Its Mystic and Scietific Basis,

Concept Publishing Company, Delhi. 15. Sinha, Indra : 1993, The Great book of Tantra, Desting Books,

Rochester, Vermont, . 16. Sharma, Sudhakar : 2004, The Heritage of Buddhist Pala Art, Aryan

Books International, New Delhi 17. Soulie, Bernard : 1982, Tantra- Esotic Figures in Indian Art,

Production Liber S A, Friboury, Geneve. 18. Vashsistha, Neelima : 2010, Tradition and Modernity in Indian Arts

the Twentith Century, Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Shimla

ENCYCLOPEDIA And DICTIONARY

1. Kumar, Rakesh : 2007, Encyclopedia of Indain Paintings, Anmol

Publication Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi

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Journals

1- 1985, Biren De, Contemporary Indian Art Series, Lalit Kala Akademi. 2- 2004, Indian Art And Aesthetics Endeavours in Interpretation. 3- 2006, Indian art Vol. VIII, The Modern Revisited. 4- 1998-98, Journal of Indian Art History Congress KALAVol. V. 5- 1961, K.C.S. Paniker, Contemporary Indian Art Series, Lalit Kala Akademi. 6- 1992, P.T. Reddy, Contemporary Indian Art Series, Lalit Kala Akademi.

WEBSITES

1- www.exoticindiaart.com/painting/tantra 2- www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S._H._Raza 3- www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p005cn96 4- www.tanyabaxtercontemporary.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id

=90&Itemid=103 5- www.shobhabroota.com

6- www.shobhabroota.com/writeups/ 7- www.saffornart.com/artist/shobha-broota 8- https://www.storyltd.com/itemsV2.aspx?iid=3877 9- www.saffronart.com/artist/gulam_rasool_santosh 10- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulam_Rasool_Santosh 11- www.indiaartcollectors.com/artist/GRSantosh 12- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K._C._S._Paniker 13- www.saffronart.org/k_c_s_paniker 14- www.simplymalalees.com