SYMPOSIUM ON PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTS AND … · Rooma PILLAY NARRAINEN Manager – Trade...
Transcript of SYMPOSIUM ON PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTS AND … · Rooma PILLAY NARRAINEN Manager – Trade...
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Africa Africa
Africa
Africa
Rooma PILLAY NARRAINEN Manager – Trade Division
Mauritius Chamber of Commerce and Industry Bangkok –14 December 2017
SYMPOSIUM ON PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTS AND INCLUSIVE TRADE
Insights from the Private Sector
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MAIN TRADE AGREEMENTS/ARRANGEMENTS
USA -AGOA
Europe -EPA
SADC / COMESA / EAC/ TRIPARTITE /ECOWAS …
Continental FTA
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IMPORTANCE OF TRADE PREFERENCES FOR MAURITIUS
PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTS:
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MAURITIUS AT A GLANCE
Population: 1.2 million
Area: 2040 km2
GDP per capita : +/-USD 9600
High reliance of exports on trade preferences
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1970s
Lomé/Cotonou Convention
- Secured market for Sugar
- Development of the Sugar Sector
- High Unemployment
1980s
- Development of the Textiles & Clothing Sector
- Duty-free and quota-free access
- Employment of Women
1990-2000
- Consolidation of existing industries
- Emergence of New Industries / Value Added
- Preserved Tuna, Jewellery, Light engineering-
Evolution of the Mauritian Economy
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2000
AGOA
- Preferences to the US market
- Market Diversification
- New market for Garment Sector
2000-2010
Regional Markets
COMESA /SADC FTA
- Access to new regional markets
- New range of products exported (SMEs,..)
2011-
African Integration
- Tripartite FTA
- Continental FTA
Evolution of the Mauritian Economy
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DIVERSIFICATION OF EXPORTS MARKETS
61.7%
11.8% 8.3%
18.1%
47.3%
22.9%
11.4% 18.4%
EU AFRICA USA OTHER
Main Export Markets (2006-2016)
2006 2016
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ECONOMIC BENEFITS
PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTS:
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Sectoral Contribution to GDP (1970-2016)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
197
0
197
2
197
4
197
6
197
8
198
0
198
2
198
4
198
6
198
8
199
0
199
2
199
4
199
6
199
8
200
0
200
2
200
4
200
6
200
8
201
0
201
2
201
4
201
6
Primary Secondary Tertiary
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Employment of Women by Sector
25% 26%
17%
6%
61% 60%
52%
19% 14% 14%
31%
75%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
1985 1995 2005 2015
Agriculture Textiles and Clothing Services
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CHALLENGES FOR THE PRIVATE SECTOR
PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTS:
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MAIN CHALLENGES
• Key role of the Private Sector Input in trade negotiations
– Ensure the effective participation of the private sector
• Enabling Framework
– Need to be established at national level to ensure effective
and inclusive implementation of trade agreements
• Dynamic trading environment
- Integration of new issues in trade agreements
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EFFECTIVE PARTICPATION OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR
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MAIN CHALLENGES FOR THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN AFRICA
National Level
• No private sector co-ordination (one voice)
• No structured platform for public/ private dialogue
• Lack of capacity - Financial, Technical Experts,…
At Regional Level
• Lack of capacity in regional private sector institutions
• Lack of coordination
• Difficult to input in trade negotiations process
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Structured Public-Private Sector
Dialogue
Input in Trade Negotiations
(Industries, Rules of Origin, Sensitive
products..)
Strong and Structured Private Sector Institutions
(Chambers, Industry Associations)
Follow-up on Implementation
Issues
(NTBs, NTMs, ..)
Public-Private Sector Interaction
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ENABLING FRAMEWORK
MAKING TRADE AGREEMENT EFFECTIVE AND INCLUSIVE:
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Trade Agreements
Industrial Policy
Export Promotion
Trade Facilitation
Business Support
Structures
ENABLING FRAMEWORK AT NATIONAL LEVEL
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Industrial Policy
Investment Framework
Industrial Policy (competitiveness, norms, technology, IP, ..)
Access to finance
Export Promotion
Facilitate access to markets
Assistance to exporters
Market Information
Enabling Framework
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Skills Development
Demand Driven
(required by industry)
Continuous training and upgrading of skills
IT/Digital skills
Legal/ Social Measures
Social Measures
Labour Laws
Support Structures
(Working women, SMEs, Youth.)
Business Support Structures
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Trade Facilitation
Efficient clearance procedures
Single Window – E-Docs
Transparency / NTBs /NTMs
Port Efficiency
Logistics/ Infrastructure
Road/Air/Maritime
Connectivity
Trade Facilitation
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WORLD BANK - EASE OF DOING BUSINESS 2018
Top African Countries
Ranking Ease of doing business
Trading across borders Index
1 Mauritius 25 70
2 Rwanda 41 87
3 Morocco 69 65
4 Kenya 80 106
5 Botswana 81 50
6 South Africa 82 147
7 Zambia 85 150
8 Tunisia 88 96
9 Seychelles 95 88
10 Lesotho 104 40
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PRIORITY ISSUES FOR PRIVATE SECTOR
National Level - Enabling framework to support the implementation of PTAs - Business support structures to make trade more inclusive (women,
youth, SMEs,…) New Issues to be included as Priority Areas: Go beyond traditional market access issues (tariffs, rules or origin, cooperation on other trade issues,....)
- Implementation of the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement
- Mutual recognition Agreements on Standards and SPS issues
- Trade in Services (Logistics, Communications, Professional Services, Financial Services,…)
- Movement of Business Persons, Professionals, and Skilled Labour
- Investment – Facilitation and protection of investments
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THANK YOU