Symposium “Innovation & Blue Growth” Brest,

France, 12-16 October 2014

Economic and social impact of Green Tides:

Preliminary findings based on the field survey along the coastal zones of Yellow Sea, China

Liu Shuguang* , Yang Yi** and Jean Boncoeur*** * Professor, OUC

**PhD Student, UBO and OLMIX

*** Professor, UBO, UMR_M101 AMURE

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Context

• PhD Thesis in Economics at the University of Brest (UBO), Doctoral School of Marine Sciences (EDSM)

• Topic:

Economic analysis of the potential contribution of green algae harvesting and processing to Blue Growth. A French-Chinese comparative study.

• PhD student: Yang Yi, MSc. in marine economics, UBO / Agrocampus-Ouest

• Research unit: UMR_M101 AMURE (UBO / Ifremer)

• Co-supervisors:

Pr Jean Boncoeur (UBO, France)

Pr Liu Shuguang (OUC, China)

• Industrial partner: OLMIX Group (Bréhan, France)

• Co-funded by the French national agency for technological research (ANRT), “CIFRE” grant.

• Started in January 2013.

• First 10 months at UBO and OLMIX; Than 10 months at OUC as an invited doctoral student; the last 16 months at UBO.

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Research topic

• “Green tides” generate monetary and non-monetary costs for society:

➔ removing and disposal of stranded algae

➔ negative impacts on coastal tourism

➔ loss of welfare for coastal populations

• But green algae might be turned into a valuable industrial input for the production of various goods, e.g. food supplements for livestock.

=> Investigate and, as far as possible, quantify the various social costs and potential benefits related to green algae (their proliferation, their processing)

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Subject of this presentation

• Two case studies:

➔ Brittany (France)

➔ Qingdao area (China)

• 2nd year of PhD thesis has been mainly dedicated to studying the Qingdao case.

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Theoretical consideration of the research

Marine entities are reagded as public

goods and always trans-boundary,

what we are familiar with is the

likeliness of Hardin's Tragedy of

Commons(1968);

But, E. Ostrom (2007) works out the

analytical framework for the

governance of the commons,

maybe this will help bring about the

settlement of the marine resource

and environmental issues in our

field research.

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Porphyra yezoensis aquaculture in Jiangsu province, China during 2003–2008

(Ni, 2006; Shang et al., 2008).

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Inputting marine

pollutant

Inland

pollution

contributor

Jiangsu

coastal

aquacultural

activities

Inland pollution

contributor

Qingdao coastal

tourism & aquaculture

Stakeholder framework

illustration of the coastal

regions of our study in

China

Intra-provincial

boundary

Aquaculture activities in coastal area of Jiangsu

Massive green algae (Enteromorpha prolifera) bloom in Qingdao, 2008

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Brittany and Qingdao case studies

• Brittany case: Two scenarios will be analysed in the thesis

1. Abatement scenario: reduction of nitrogen inputs into coastal waters by reduction of

intensive farming in critical coastal zones

2. Processing scenario: harvesting and processing of green algae for the production of

high value-added products

➔ based on ULVANS project, coordinated by OLMIX.

• Qingdao case:

1. Analysis of stakeholders between Jiangsu and Shandong

2. Loss of amenities for tourists and coastal populations (environment and landscape)

farming

General data of green tide coverage in Qingdao coastal region

floated from Jiangsu Province

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Preliminary results of questionnaire investigation in

Qingdao area

•Period of investigation: from 15 July to 10 September

•Place of distribution:

- Qingdao areas: 1st、2nd、3rd、6th beach and tourism sites in Qingdao(Badaguan,

Zhongshan park, Shilaoren), Golden beach in Huangdao (district of Qingdao);

- Jiangsu areas (Yancheng, Sheyang,Lianyungang): tourism beach, fishing village

- Others: electronic questionnaires

•Distributed 500 questionnaires and received 454 valid questionnaires, including 62

electronic questionnaires

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Basic numbers and information

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454 valid questionnaires, including 225 distributed in Qingdao areas.

QD/SD=84%

QD/Total=50%

QD 50%

Jiangsu

8%

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Basic numbers and information

Education level

Profession

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Basic numbers: 454 valid questionnaires

Heard of green tide or Ulva prolifera?

Which way?

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Basic numbers: 454 valid questionnaires

Perception of green tide?

Mainly impact due to the green tide?

Others: influence the use of nuclear power cooling water, the recycle use of ballast water…

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Basic numbers: 454 valid questionnaires

Mainly use of green algae?

Do you agree with economic support

in protection of marine environment?

WTP

Preliminary results

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Un WTP

112 samples

454 valid samples, including 112 un-WTP and 342 WTP

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Preliminary results

WTP

342 samples

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Preliminary results

E(3.7807)=43.8

E(3.7337)=41.8

SPSS

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Preliminary results

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Preliminary results

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Preliminary results

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Concluding remarks

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•Preliminary analysis concerning the green tide survey results:

(1) Most of surveyed people (80%) agree with the payment to protect marine

environment and showed the general perception of the population regarding

the subject;

(2) The level of income is a significant factor for WTP when the level of

resource is different (for example between 10000 rmb/month and 2000

rmb/month), but not so much (for instance between 8000 rmb/month and

4000 rmb/month);

(3) The motivation of participants is not too high during the survey

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• Conducting the comparable studies in Brest with field surveys in the

coming months;

• Systematic analysing on the dynamic relations among diversified

stake holders in green tide treatment in France and China;

• Input - output modelling in evaluating the regional level impact of the

green tide;

• Probing into relevent policies in dealing with green tide disastors for

both EU and China.

Next tasks

Thank you for your attention!

Contact: yyang@olmix.com

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