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02

PLATEAU TEAM | SDE 2014

Symbiosis

MEET OUR MAGAZINE

Plateau Team>>

Symbiosis |02

Symbiosis borns from the hand of Plateau Team with the goal of providing quality information about current issues related to architecture and construction, and always creating a relationship with their project SymbCity

developed for the next Solar Decathlon Europe.

Plateau Team is one of the twenty international teams selected to participate in the new Solar Decathlon Europe edition, to be held in Versailles. It is mainly composed by architecture students (UAH) and Building Engineering students (UAH and UCLM) together with the collaboration of other faculties and schools from these universities, which will provide their knowledge in order to cover all the necessary areas for the creation of an innovative solar habitat.

Plateau Team proposes a change in the city model through a sustainable redensification which limits the current uncontrolled consumption of land.

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02 Symbiosis. The Plateau Team newsletter.EDITORIAL

06 The Contest, Solar Decathlon.ARTICLES

10 Strategies at the time of rehabilitation.

16 Container structures in rehabilitation.

20 Rehabilitation in the XX century.

24 Spanish homes are failing at energy savings.

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34 Institute Luso Rei Alfonso Henriques.PROJECTS

40 ZaraStore, Salamanca.

44 Transformation of a housing block.

52 Meet our TeamINTERVIEW48 Prende Project.

44 5240

Edit: Plateu Team for Solar Decathlon Europe2014. .

Address: Press Team. E-mail [email protected].

Drafting Articles and Projects: Elba Castellanos, Ana Ferrero, Sergio Hernndez y Javier Nuez.

Design and Layout: Sandra Urbaneja y Ana Isabel Urbaneja.

Gratefulness: ngel Cuadrado, Lucia Heras.

Monthly Edition in Spanish and English. February 2014 Free Publication for public use, online..

26 Rehabilitation SymbCity House.REHABILITATION

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The Contest

Description and Methodology

Solar DecathlonSolar Decathlon Europe is an international competition among universities which promotes research in the development of efficient houses. The objective of the participating teams is to design and build houses that consume as few natural resources as possible and produce minimum waste products during their life cycle. Particular emphasis is put on reducing energy consumption and

on obtaining all the necessary energy from the sun.

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Particular emphasis is put on reducing energy consumption and on obtaining all the necessary energy from the sun

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This competition has its origin in the U.S.A and in 2009 the decision of extending the competition creating the Solar Decathlon Europe to facilitate the participation of European teams, agreeing that the two first editions were held in Madrid in the years 2010 to 2012.

Given the success of the project several countries bid up by the Organization of the third European Edition which will be held in Versailles, France, in June 2014 and will be organized by the Ministry of French housing, the European Commission and the Department of energy of the United States (http://www.sdeurope.org/). The event has a twofold purpose: educative and scientific. The Decathletes learn how to work in multidis-ciplinary teams and how to face the challenges of the future of building by developing innovative solutions.

On the one hand, the public can see and becomes aware of the real possibilities of reducing the environ-mental impact and at the same time keeping the comfort and quality of the design in their homes. On the other hand, professionals have access to techniques and processes that they can study and use. In addition, volunteers, who are essential for the development of the SDE, have the opportunity to share experiences with the teams and move ahead in their careers thanks to their work during the competition.

Solar Decathlon

The purpose of the competition is to carry out the construction of a house called Villa Solar, placed on the forecourt of Palace of Versailles, for which we count until the summer of 2014 to conduct research and and builda house, in order to get the best score in different test that organization requires.

While editing to take place in July 2014, Plateau Team will compete against 20 teams from different countries, of which eight will be delegations from European countries (France, Spain, Romania, Netherlands, Denmark, Germany, Switzerland and Italy) , six from other continents (Japan, Thailand, Mexico, India, Costa Rica and Taiwan) and two teams that are formed by associations: Chile & France, USA & Germany and USA & France.

All of these teams are supported by one or more universities and have the economic and technical support from institutions and companies. The main figures during the whole process, are the students, known as Decathletes.

The Solar Decathlon Europe is an initiative linked to the objectives of the European Union, both in terms of their values and the sustainable development and use of renewable energy. Participating Universities must build a house supplied by solar energy and keep operating during the 20 days of competition.


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The overall coherence of their design, the flexibility of the design, integration of technologies and bioclimatic strategies in the architec-ture will be evaluated.

ARCHITEC-TURE

The design combination with electricity systems, plumbing and solar energy, they will have to demonstrate the highest level of functionality should be evaluated.

It valued the passive strategies, to determine the extent to which the design of the house helps to improve the efficiency of it.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY

The energy consumption and energy balance, self-sufficiency and limiting the maximum power will be evaluated.

ELECTRICAL ENERGY BALANCE

ENGINEERING AND CONS-TRUCTION

Will be measured via the corresponding control of tempera-ture, humidity, noise, lighting and indoor air quality

COMFORT CONDITIONS

Shall ensure of the efficiency com-pliance taking into consideration the demands of todays society.

HOUSE FUNCTIONING

The capacity for communication of the teams, creativity, effective-ness and efficiency as well as the ideas that define the identity of the team and the project will be evaluated.

The housing unit and its location in the territory, respect to the social and urban context, the facility for possible industrialization, mobility strategy and its economic viability will be taken into account

URBAN DESIGN, TRANSPORTATION AND AFFORDA-BILITY

The degree of the innovation house, its focus on the revolutionary changes in the home and in his systems and components, and if this is able to increase its value, improve the performance and/or achieving the greater efficiency, will be taken into account.

INNOVATION

COMMUNICATION AND SOCIAL AWARENESS

It rewards the ability and environ-mental sensitivity of the teams, to ensure the maximun reduction of environmental impact in the construction phase, demolition and life of the building

SUSTAINABI-LITY

The tes t s tha t a l l households have to face are:

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3. Restoration Project of Notre Dame (Paris) by E. Viollet-Le-Duc.

(1850) Photo: Archives of the Commission of Monuments (Paris).

The diverse approaches to the question of the resto-

ration of Gothic architecture, covered by John Ruskin

and Eugne Viollet-le-Duc in the middle of the nine-

teenth century, can be considered the starting point

of the evolution of a concept, an architectural reha-

bilitation.

Both French rationalism of Viollet-le Duc as the most

sensitive and comprehensive approach of Ruskin, with

more conservative ideas, there can be considered the

foundation of the modern view; they were the beginning

to the most important architects of the modern move-

ment. Retrieving the value of the vernacular, the im-

portance of memory as a symbol of the city and the

understanding of historic architecture will produce

several alternative methodologies in the design

approach for the restoration and rehabilitation.

Thus, the architecture of rehabilitation has evolved

from the traditional method of procedure, after study

of the composition and history of ruin takes a re-com-

position of the damaged or destroyed (historicist

current), to a new way of projecting from respect for

the evolution of the work over time ( the old age of ruin )

Estrategies at the time of

Historicist trends face to conservation

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and sensitive observation, curious and receptive to all the circumstances, relationships and attributes (social, historical, physical, cultural) affecting the element and the environment in which to act, that is the true role of the architect.

Obviously, each author face to the pre-existing treat-ment strategies, have their own project methods.

First, Viollet-le-Duc and Ruskin in their assessment of Gothic architecture, both agree appreciation for truth-fulness in the use of materials and in the construction clean expression.From there, their interpretations begin to separate radically. For Viollet, what matters is its rationality Gothic as construction system and its structural logic while for Ruskin, however, what is remarkable is the artisan contribution to architecture in the working time and on the way to carving stone, the feeling that this will transmitted to the general work. For Ruskin, the delicacy of the architecture is reached when it becomes monument: The greatest glory of a building is not in its stones, nor in its gold. Its in its age (Ruskin 1981). Thus, restoring a building in the sense of recovering that quality of life at the time is

impossible, the work would lose its authenticity.For Viollet, however, to restore didnt meant to reestablish the old condition and appearance of the building, but to transform the work into something new, take it to its optimal state, which did not have to be the original.The restoration was about the possible state that the building would have to be completely hypotheti-cal and stripped of ornaments. This trend was widely criticized opened since moved away from any his-toricist trend. No wonder that in their restorations disappear in-teresting additions of undoubted artistic quality and historical value, including not hesitate to remove additions that were not at the time.The indiscriminate intervention varied erased the traces marking the passage of time in the building (in French medieval buildings -walls, cathedrals , castles- new elements were added by him, such as domes, covers, needles and various auctions, and could change the type structural, functional or ornamental long as the architect deemed appropriate). There are clear examples of restorative trend of Viollet, as per-formed in the Cathedral of Notre Dame, at the Cit of

Carcassonne or at Roquetaillade Castle.

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With the advent of the twentieth century and techno-logical and construction advances appear new ar-chitects in the restored architecture scene, as Carlo Scarpa, in Italy, who can be considered one of the most brilliant examples among architects who ad-vocated natural and direct binding between the new and the old pre-existing, in Castelvecchio museum, for example, he explores the formal and poetic po-tential that game, also using the same plasticity of ruin: the cumulative wear process that history and time have given the old structures have given rise to great stress together with the use of new materials and forms of construction, all this produces a great visual impact to the viewer.

ut not only this form of rehabilitation exists today, there is a more purist, retaining and nurturing, not creating new spaces otherwise giving to those which they had the presence and character that had lost over the years. An example of this can be Antonio Almagro, and the rehabilitation of the Umayyad Palace in Amman (Jordan), where he performs a consolidation based rehabilitation of the existing and the improved state of compositional elements. But in particular the re-

4. Jonh Ruskin, drawing Cal d `Oro, 1845 / Ruskins Venice, The Whitney Li-brary of design, NY.

5. Viollet le Duc, detailed diagram of a Venetian palace / Pevsmer 1969 Violet le Duc and Ruskin, Thames and Hudson, London.

6. Jonh Ruskin, drawing Fasan Casa Contarini, Venice (1841).

7. Design for a concert hall (1864), ex-pression of Gothic principles with mod-ern materials, iron, brick, stone and plaster. Entretiens sur larchitecture.

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The importance of a healthy home...

You decide, we design and build your home ... Wooden Houses of ecological maximum energy efficiency.

Whenever the need arises a temporary structure ...Rehasa Structures specializes exclusively to the design, calculation and execution of spe-cial s tructures, prefabricated buildings, front s tabilizers, propping, shoring, etc. dedication company.

Symbiosis |14

habilitation of this work does not stop at that, Almagro covers the central space with a glulam wood dome that exists, returning

Watching the evolution that has taken this type of archi-tecture, it is a very important consideration for architectural reuse: keepthe memory through the formal structure rather than the use of the building, i.e., although the building loses the use original features should not lose their identity, their foot-prints.

Leaving aside the idea of getting hold formal structure of the building so that it retains its character, as we see in con-temporary works exemplified above, we want to emphasize in each the good work of the architect who executed re-habilitation. Carlo Scarpa as both Antonio Almagro searched the brilliance and splendour of more than his own ruin as architects, acted as partners in the development and maintenance of the work over time.

After rehabilitation, the buildings may or may not work, due to different causes, which can be both private nature (such as the scope of the intervention, the place, the new use) and works outside (cultural and social). What is clear is the importance to differentiate what is new from the existing, creating a sharp contrast not devalues the old, either tech-nologically or by a change in style, this change should join

the ruin to improve not to destroy it.

...mantener keep the memory through the formal structure rather than the use of the building, i.e., although the building loses the use original features should not lose their identity, their footprints

8. Antonio Almagro, THE PALACE OF AMMAN OMEYA.

The architecture of Madrid, 1983.

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huge buildings, the striking fusion of elements of new

construction and the original and originating in

creating such powerful places (artistically speaking),

as they can be seen in some examples cited below.

How to transform an industrial or religious past in a

present and an innovative future (or if this worth to

preserve or otherwise we must tear down) are some

of the questions that must be made at the time of

restore.

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2. JIGSAW, Los Angeles USA.


There are several aspects that we take into account, among which are mainly the respect that the building deserves like a part of a past and the relationship which it has with the city. It is, for example, the case with the construction of which we speak in the article about the convent of San Antonio del Real of the Franciscans as Zara building, the convent had great historical significance within the urban past of Salamanca (Spain) and for it, it was beauti-fully preserved, both exterior and interior appearance as its structure, however for program needs, the large space of the shed had to be subdivided and it was where the solution was introduced to implement a large box of glass and steel.

As Scarpa+Pugh do in Los Angeles (USA) with the rehabili-

tation of a warehouse of 5000m2 of the 40s as JIGSAW

movie studios. The architects placed two attractive

volumes disposed to editing and production rooms while

the rest of the warehouse was as a dynamic space,

producing a balanced tension between the working and

social zone (opened and bright). These curvilinear volumes

are leaders of the interior space and they are suspended

on a sheet of water, again we find a tension, this time

between the heavy and the light. Containers are made in

plumum with translucent screens composed by two sheets

of glass where pong balls are placed to allow the passage

of light to the interior and show a diffuse glow to the rest

of the shed, where the coffee shops, meeting areas and

social spaces are placed.

Also in Los Angeles (USA) we find the following example of

how to introduce containers into a massive space. With a

very low estimation, the architects Clive Wilkinson became

a warehouse of 4300m2 into the headquarters of Pallotta

Teamworks, a nonprofit event producer, represented an

adjustment to the maximum estimation. With this

constraint, work areas were located in separate islands

under tents hanging from the structure, and offices and

meeting rooms in recycled stacked containers. This could

be not only an example of restored architecture but also

sustainability, without losing sight of the creative and

aesthetic issue. It is noteworthy that all mechanical and

electrical systems were designed to reduce energy

consumption. With regard to the rehabilitation of the shed

is limited to improve ventilation and introduce natural light

into the interior by opening skylights on the roof.

3. Zara Store, Salamanca.

4. Headquarters Pallotta, Los Angeles USA.

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Rehabilitation in the

lets put our focal attention in the modern ruin, the big building block of

the 60 s, 70 s badly built, badly solved, badly though out. Lets also think

about the cons of just whipping out what was, or the fear of desert cities,

child of the massive construction without criteria, or the lack of diversity, the

co-dependence of the car, or in all of those Herny Ford ideas, that have left

us with these dead bodies with some blood still pumping.

XX CenturyTowards Concrete Skeletons

1. Rehabilitation in Mostoles NODO17.

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What about the traces of an earlier era, far from the current orgy where the golden brick, concrete and large check, block after block produced from the children of Franco built a great idea to release the floor a mous-tachioed gentleman? These are the conditions in which families are crowded, neighbourhoods become ghettos, and the car becomes overwhelming and inescapable element of landscape.

The true issue to resolve are the strategies we ought to follow to transform these districts, the unholy spaces, which even in their stage are home to someone or the corner where someone kissed for the first time, or the bar where on Sundays people go to watch the match; into a decent, dignified place to live in. After all a civi-lized and developed country is not one in which the poor have a car but one where the rich gets public transport.

We can think of very successful recent exercises of re-habilitation, like those of the French firm Lacaton & Vassal, who have taken a series of these buildings weve been exposing and have turned them into a decent place, taking the buildings own structure, keeping them but destroying the openings, creating a bal-cony, or a bigger terrace that is protected by a skin that uses agricultural techniques to keep in the warmth when needed, and is ecologically responsible. And a change of thinking the city could also benefit from a new life like that has been lately given to the bones of an industrial era. Examples like the Caixa Forum, where the Swiss duo of Herzog and de Meuron took an electric plant and turned it into a museum, or the neighbouring Media Lab Prado by Langarita o Navarro, or quite popularly like the Slaughterhouse of Madrid, that has become the insignia of young culture in the Spanish capital. 3. Matadero de Madrid.

2. CAIXA FORUM HERZOG&DEMEURON.

We have the material, we have the technique, and

even the money, that maybe some would invest in

more and unneeded construction, and that may-

be should be put to better those districts that need

bettering, tan building new ones that more than

anything are unwanted.

The ability of renewing does not only reside on the

historical buildings, because, not every historical

building is worth it to keep alive, nor is every corpse

of the modernity inherited from the Corbusier has to

be whipped out.

We could also talk about the restoration of the

monuments of the 20th century, as how these recent

monuments are in some way still present as hope that

the architectural form can be complex, contradictory,

(within the deeper wishes of certain American archi-

tect, with Italian origins, and with ties to the city of

vice and sin)or just simple, easy to read or understand

universal or adapted to a site well-built or with visions

of future, the 20th century has left wonders that are

in an abstract way similar to what the roman temples


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5. MEDIA LAB PRADOLANGARITA&NAVARRO..

4. Apartments in Paris. Edouard Franois.

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were, and it is part of the modern architect job to

assume the task of bringing them to future with the

well-deserved glory they have. But, who as an archi-

tect is brave enough to look at Ville Saboy and decide

to renew it? It almost seems line bad luck, however

the holy remains of the twentieth century architecture

have to be taken care of, have to be taken in account

while thinking and looking at the city. We ought to

celebrate history in all its times, celebrate the good

ones, and learn from the bad ones.

In conclusion, we find ourselves in a peculiar time for

the architect, in one hand we have the recession and

the world global crisis that doesnt allow big and fan-

cy architectural displacements, that the last century,

but specially the last decade have allowed; but in the

other hand we have to reimagine the city and adapt

it to the new world, the new technology, and the new

ideas of eco-consciousness, but our biggest task is to

take advantage of all the missed and hidden oppor-

tunities that the city has, might it be the ruins of a

decadent district built in the 60 s or the skeleton of a

Fisac masterpiece.

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What happens with the remaining of a previous age, far from the present, where the Golden orgy of brick, concrete and big checks built block after block?

5. MEDIA LAB PRADOLANGARITA&NAVARRO..

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In many ways, European cities are progressively falling into oblivion. Urban sprawl, or what is the same, the expansive horizontal growth of the city, is making that certain areas of town centers are being relegated to a second place despite its excellent position in the urban fabric.

LOOKING TO THE PAST TO FIND THE FUTURE

>>

26

TEAM FOR SOLAR DECATHLON EUROPE 2014

This responds to two problems: the price increases ground

and the opportunity to rehabilitate these blocks (i.e.,

back-to-enable these housing blocks to fulfill energy

regulations and the demands of current citizens). This

rehabilitation is proposed as a set of small, interrelated

partial operations leading to an overall action reha-

bilitation, which culminated in the construction of new

housing on the deck. The project name, SymbCity House,

refers to symbiotic relationships that will be generated

between the existing building and the new houses on

the deck, a relationship in which both parties benefit

mutually.

It is not surprising walking around centric areas and see buildings at the edge of abandonment and even

empty plots. Neighborhoods, which previously had

attractive features to live in, have lost their potential

because of non-existing interventions carried out in

them. Now, if we think about the concept of city, most

of the ideas are focused on residential neighborhoods

on the outskirts converted into housing developments

and shopping malls, forgetting some downtown

neighborhoods. This urban sprawl has resulted in the

construction of large communication infrastructures

(roads, highways, subway...) with all the economic and

environmental costs that entails. The larger the area

of occupancy of a city, the higher the transportation

costs and the pollution generated without any benefit

for its inhabitants.

The project SymCity House proposes to offer a second

opportunity to decaying neighborhoods of downtown

areas. The project consists of an intervention on the

roof of the housing blocks on the periphery of Madrid,

built in the mid-twentieth century.

Symbiosis |26

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RehabilitationSymbcity House

REHABILITATION


However, the urban concept is not the only problem

to solve. The rehabilitation project awareness is of

utmost importance since currently the majority of

residential buildings do not meet the standards for

energy efficiency. The generalized solution in

cases like these is either demolishes the building and

builds a new one, or to carry out a reform by patches

that do not solve the root problems, but only limited

to hide their consequences. We must reach a middle

ground between these two extreme solutions: make

way for the new without entailing degradation of the

old, but its value enhancement.

This new building should not only take advantage

of the conditions offered by the old building (or host

building), but should help it get a better energy

efficiency and improved quality of life for residents.

Following these precepts, the new building housing

is projected for 0 emissions which will turn help

to increase the energy rating of the housing block

where it is located. Inevitably, we return to rehabilita-

tion based on symbiosis, i.e., a rehabilitation based

on the relationship of two entities with different

properties that come together to enhance their strengths

and minimize their flaws.

Before we start a rehabilitation project for a new use of

these housing blocks, we must ask ourselves what is to

rehabilitate a building of this nature and which are the

keys to the success of this action.

First, we have to carry out a public awareness based on

multiple strategies, explaining the reasons and especially

the advantages of carrying out rehabilitation in this kind

of buildings.

We have to keep in mind that the population of these

neighborhoods has experienced the progressive de-

terioration of these buildings and their environment,

and therefore it is reasonable that there is a sense

of powerlessness and impassivity face of this deteriora-

tion. In other words, the neighbors could wonder Why

Im going to make a financial investment to improve

something that for many years has been a failure, if

the estate agents offered me the American Dream of a

house in the outskirts?

Symbiosis |28

We have seen the disadvantages that horizontal growth model of the city entails, but it is part of the rehabilitation work to make people conscious about these facts. In addition, there is a strong ethno-logical force in these neighborhoods to be exploited to prevent their gradual abandonment. The spaces and places of the city are created based on efforts and actions with a long temporal development, and because of that there are certain characteristics in neighborhoods (social relations, neighborhoods celebrations, customs ... etc...) of great interest and value.

The second phase is to involve the neighborhood into the project once a successful conclusion with awareness is reached. Much of the rehabilitation work is to plan the needs that people have at short, medium and long-term, and care for expectations that users express about the project. It is important that the neighborhood feels that the project belongs to them and give them some decision-making capacity in the design phase, because if the neighborhood feels excluded and we design a project that do not respond to their needs, the project will be doomed to failure.

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The last phase is the technical work of the specialists

involved in the project (architects, engineers, etc.). There

must be a study of the previous state of the buildings to

rehabilitate, with all that this entails (structural systems,

materials, pathologies ...). This study is essential for the

design phase because the new building will bring more

loads to structural systems, and new forces and move-

ments that the existing building must assimilate will be

created. Additionally, the symbiotic object must adapt to

the environment in which it will be placed, and should not

cause any disharmony with their surroundings (finishes,

colors and textures on the facades).

Once explained the previous phases of rehabilitation, we

can proceed to explain the phases of the construction of

SimbCity project (the explanation of the prototype for the

contest will be explained in future articles). The project

consists of several phases: First a wooden structure that

wraps the existing building and that gives it a second

skin that will help reduce energy losses of the existing

building is placed (we generate a large air chamber

that helps retain heat by greenhouse effect). The choice

of wood as the material for the structure is due to it is one

of the most environmentally friendly materials available,

since the influence of the processing of this material on

the environment is very low.

The project also provides a new vertical communication

core consisting of stairs and elevator. This contribution

is very important in several cases because most of the

problems of these apartment blocks lie in its lack of accessi-

bility for people with mobility problems. Observing these

neighborhoods we can easily see cases of elderly or lack

of mobility people that are literally confined to their homes

because they cannot go up and down several tranches of

stairs that connect their homes to the street.

The last phase covers the entire process of construction

of the dwelling on the upper level. These new houses are

supported directly on the outer wooden structure without

adding any load to the existing structure of the block. The

concept of load is of great importance when making reha-

bilitation.

REHABILITATION

Symbiosis |30

It is necessary to know the arrangement of the

structural elements and the load on each of them

before adding an extra load. In this case, as each

block of houses is a different building and therefore

there is a variation in loads, it was decided to entrust

the load of the new building to a reliable structure of

which we know its structural behavior. Constructive

housing development will be explained in future

issues.

It is through these small actions that we design the

project in symbiosis (since it is required a new access

to the houses on the cover, we use that to improve

internal communication of existing building). These

strategies, developed through small actions that

relate the two entities (existing and new buildings), will

be the leitmotiv of SymbCity project.

This project is a proposal of Plateau Team for

the 2014 Solar Decathlon Competition. We must

take into account the development of two ways

of thinking: the urban project and the prototype.

The urban project (already explained) provides

us real possibilities from which start thinking and

working on the improvement of our cities. The

project is of the prototype is the house to build,

and therefore entails solutions of composition

and functionality on a smaller scale, which will be

explained in future articles.

These s trategies, developed through small actions that relate the two entities (exis t ing and new), will be the leitmotiv of simbcit y proyect

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32TECHNICAL BLOCK

MAIN SPACE

GREENHOUSE/COURTYARD


The final stage of the competition is to build SymbCity in Versailles (France), where a spe-cialized jury will test the house, relating to archi-tecture, engineering and energy efficiency. The project is carried out thanks to the contributions of sponsors, since it is a non-profit university competition, and we need to carry all materials to Paris.

PLATEAU TEAM ROAD TO FRANCE

>>


32

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Plateau Team

TAKE PART NOWVisit our website:

http://goteo.org/project/symbcity-house/home

We launched this campaign toget funding SymbiCity transport from Madrid to Pars.

34PLATEAU TEAM | SDE 2014The InstituteHISPANIC-LUSOThis project aims to highlight the elegance and beauty of the mysterious remains of past times and

enhance the plasticity of volumes, combined with

the new plant and associating it with this beautiful

image that leaves over by the regia Douro River

and splendid city of Zamora.

FOUNDATION REI ALFONSO HENRIQUES ZAMORA. ANCIENT CONVENT OF SAN FRANCISCO, SPAIN 1995-1998. ARCH.MANUEL DE LAS CASAS

PROJECT

In this set of Gothic remains of the old Convent of San Francisco it is located the Hispanic Institute - Luso of the foundation Rei Alfonso Henriques in Zamora. It achieved a functional and effective set through the combination of materials, the old stone factory with the glass and steel of coatings in a 3500 m2 built, 8000m2 of useful space. Historically, this stadium hosted meetings of Castilian and French community members and it served as barracks for French troops and then abandoning the confiscation of Mendizabal in the nineteenth century, which it produced numerous transformations and structural damages.

The building offers spectacular views of the Douro River and the city of Zamora, and it is to these two perspectives to where dumps the convent complex. The solution adopted focuses all these points and is summarized in: a building floor in L shape, wrapped in cortn steel and glass, it draws the three ancient ships of the Church and which divides the space into two courtyards, one public and visitable, and another which occupies the position of the first cloister of the old convent. The first courtyard are concentrated public use classrooms and the library, and the second is a more exclusive back room of the residence, some

located on the ground floor of this new volume and other occupying the existing ship wrecks located in the southern part of the property.

Admission to all is done by the most primitive gate at the head of the Cruise, performing a tangent to the ruin entrance so that the first light of all focuses on the apse of the sixteenth century. The fence solar closes the north part and another dry rubble gravel new trace, close the first enclosure for the more public courtyard where the garden occupies the empty nave of the old church, the roads have in places where there were the walls and pillars, and big gaps hedges draw ships and chapels.

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The cover acts as a link between the new and existing buildings, and that flies the new body built and that (which) marked the courtyards and covers up the ship perpendicular to the Church. This large deck also covers a large porch and vaulted Great Room, old cellar today auditorium, and the coffee shop. The Funeral Hall, the Chapel of the Escalante, the body that unites both and the Chapel of the Ocampo are topped with a stone covered in order to complete the ancient geometry.

Restoration works consist, as we noted at the beginning, to enhance the value of ruin, so restoring the chapel entrance [Chapel of San Buenaventura Ocampo or early fifteenth century XVI], for reuse as assembly hall or place of small meetings, and the apse is consolidated, which plays entrance portico. It also develops new equipment program in the remains of the Chapel of the Escalante, today videoconference room and hall, and the funeral chapel of Dean, Gil de Ontan work, with the guest services desk, concierge, toilets, offices and administration.

Inside the Chapel of Dean it is articulated a space that enables the use of that as an exhibition hall and con-ference. In this part of the ruin that stands a full body cover, leaving a space between the old building and the new cover that allows the passage of light through the upper edges of the parallelepiped thus recovering the initial shape of the room volume.


PROJECT

Symbiosis |36

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windows systems

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The sectors of the building and industry, should accept their share of responsibility and influence

in global warming and the preservation of valuable energy resources.

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Symbiosis |38

In the building that surrounds the front yard are situated three seminar rooms facing north, with views of the city. The library is located across the garden, facing ruin through it. On the ground floor of the new block houses the library and archives and upstairs, the large reading room.

To the south, lies the second garden, occupying the former cloister and found that traces the footsteps of the Sala de Arcos or Sala Capitular. It is to it to where they open the rooms of the residence.

Rounding out the set with an existing building intended to place a small house for the security of the whole, in the south, and a group of rooms on the south wall for storage and storage of coffee and furniture.

>> DOCUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHS THANKS TO THE

REI ALFONSO HENRIQUES FOUNDATION [www.frah.es].

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The convent of San Antonio del Real of the Franciscans was founded in 1736, with the Royal approval of Felipe V Royal and it was built by Fray Francisco de la Visitacin, a member of the Order. His remains are divided into several neighboring buildings of which we highlight the Lyceum Theatre opened in 1864, occupying the site of the Cloister, and in a commercial store of the Zara patent, on which we will discuss in this article.

Rehabilitation Project

ZARAstoreANCIENT CHURCH OF THE FRANCISCAN CONVENT OF SAN ANTONIO EL

REAL SALAMANCA, SPAIN 1994/2004-2005 ARCH. SONIA VZQUEZ DAZ

PROJECT

40The remaining convent dependences have completely disappeared and they have been used for housing

during the nineteenth century and their lower parts

were converted in bank offices in the mid-twentieth.

The monastery church was never completed, but we

can deduce several original aspects of it in the reha-

bilitation designed by Sonia Vzquez. The old temple

had a Latin cross floor, it was made of masonry and

masonry at the corners, and it had side chapels and

another one in the head. It was covered with a

cannon dome, decorated with plaster of intertwining

and geometric shapes and a 22-meter dome

on scallops ripped with windows, something that it

is special and unique in the Spanish Baroque. Out-

side features an octagonal drum with plaster masonry

walls. In the corners canvasses rise lofts cruise, which

protect the opened vain on scallops. The cloister, un-

finished, was built a few years later (1756-1766) by

Jernimo Garca de Quiones.

Symbiosis |40

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The restoration of the part that concerns us in this article begins in 1994 but it is paralyzed for ten years and it began again in 2004 leaving the work opened in August 2005. It was conducted by Sonia Vzquez- Diaz as architect of the Zara Architect Study, Inditex; and other local architects, as Antonio Garca Lozano and Genaro Garcia Manzano.

Intervention criteria were, described by the same architect: first, to consolidate the remains, restoring damaged parts that Heritage indicates and inside, there is a new building that rises between the walls

without touching them and deploys a cover that protects without actually landing on them. The vital contact points for stability or enclosure were marked by glass elements that demonstrate the idea of emptiness and separation.

The mechano of steel and glass, to not come in contact with the stone container, can get removed without trace, this way if in the future you decide to change the use of the convent complex place will be damaged and the transformation can be performed of a non-traumatic way to ruin, since it will not be affected in any way.

PROJECT

Symbiosis |42

The main body of the store is built on a steel

structure on four levels registered in the main nave

of the historic building, but it is separated from

the walls of this (made of stone from Villamayor),

without damaging or interfering with them. Thus

emerges a contemporary building of steel and glass

that grows inside the baroque convent, a lesson of

rehabilitated architecture. With this combination

of spaces, main body of glass and steel + lighted

space under the dome, it achieves a bright, airy

and wide ranging space in that melds seamlessly

ancient and modern. Significantly, the magnificent

steel lamps suspended sculptural dome, designed

by the same architect Sonia Vazquez.

>> DOCUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHS THANKS

TO THE ARCHITECT SONIA VAZQUEZ-DIAZ.

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PLATEAU TEAM | SD 2014

The project of metamorphosis of the Bois Le Prtre Tower consists of a radical transformation of the conditions of comfort and habitability of the 96 residences of the occupied building. The tower built in 1962 by the architect Raymond Lopez, develops on 50m height, 16 levels serving each one 4 or 8 residences. The demolition, firstly envisaged, has been avoided and a project of transformation decided.

Transformation of aHousing BlockIN PARIS, FRANCE. ARCH.LACATON & VASSAL DRUOT.

PROJECT

44Symbiosis |44

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The project proposes a generous extension of the

apartments. New floors, built as a self-supporting

structure, are added on the periphery of the existing

building at every floor, to extend the living rooms,

creating closable terraces and balconies. The

existing facades with small windows will be removed

and replaced by large transparent openings, so that

the inhabitants will profit of the exceptional view on

Paris all around.

Ground-floor the entrance hall will be refurbished.

The floor will be made on a level with the exterior.

The volume will be releases of all useless rooms and

installations to become a free and transparent space

from the entrance to a new garden created on the

back of the building. Rooms for collective activities

will be established on the sides of the hall. Two lifts

will be built to improve the access to the apartments.

The structure will be designed with prefabricated

elements so that the inhabitants can stay in the

apartments during the construction works.

The French team manages to create upon what was, and what was is far from what is. The skeleton remains, but the flesh of the 60 s is buried by the best plastic surgery an architect can provide. As architects, we ought to become plastic surgeons of the city, at all scales.

Through a series of prefabricated, structurally in-dependent modules, which are stacked in height, and a bioclimatic envelope of mobile enclosures, Druot and get Lacaton & Vassal renovate homes in the Bois-le Prtre Tower in Paris and modifying the image urban. The tower has become a benchmark for the regeneration of social housing built in the second half of last century.


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METHOD

One of the most important challenges PRENDE

faces is to integrate the citizen in the rehabilita-

tion process, in making the public conscious of the

need and the benefits that improving the energy

performance of their houses, their neighborhoods,

their cities have. Up until now, they have been

used with such purpose, traditional campaigning

tactics with little accomplishment. The PRENDE

project aboards the problematic developing and

applying and integrating method, funded in each

disciplines own aspects, to implant a dynamic and

communication strategy aimed towards the citizen.

This method helps generate a communication

plan, based on non-conventional actions and

means, that will be monitorized through indicators

designed for each specifical effect. The application

of the type of operation, within the scope of energy re-

habilitation,, and mediation, and characterization

of the results originated by the different actions,

entails a great novelty in this type of campaign

and an innovation in this sector of rehabilitation.

PRENDE is sustained by ITC tools, though which

the development of an IT platform whose innovating

aspect centers on software system architecture,

in the information summary to offer, as well as

in the techniques used in the promotion of the

service. Such architecture has access to original

(infographics, typologies) or calculated data, and

based upon the requirements of the user, it generates,

in an acceptable timing, new data that takes in

account the surroundings, as well as parameters

obtained by the previous simulations.

The Centre for Smart Infrastruc-ture Innovation (CI3) is a public sector entity, general inter est and non-prof-it whose purpose is to contribute to the develop-ment, promotion and development of information technolog y a nd communications (ICT) applied to infrastructure

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(Walt

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This platform aspires to become the main frame reference to obtain general interes t informat ion on matter of energy rehabilitation.

In it one can consult legislation, help, or even

events related to the theme, you might also

find simulation tools that evaluate the quality

of the energy improvements one house would

obtain, and that will also suggest the best

option for each case. Advice and good prac-

tices will be offered to guide citizens in how

to improve their energy consumption habits.

The Project will take place in three districts

in Madrid, located in the areas of Moratalaz,

Hortaleza, and Argazuela, in which incentive

means for energy rehabilitation will be im-

planted through PRENDE.

From these districts the most suitable to implant

real demonstration will be chosen, and the

services technologies will be tested. The

development of this pilot district will be

monitorized and will allow a global evaluation

of the project.

RESULTS

The success of PRENDE could maximize the

intervention in the compendium of 10 millions

houses built in Spain before the year 2001,

that HAVE to become low consumption houses.

The ultimate goal is a sector of housing

rehabilitation technologically advanced, that

could allow Spanish companies to increase

their competitiveness augmenting their range

of action in the areas of rehabilitation, and

that will improve the energy performance of

the city and the quality of life of their citizens.

More Information: www.proyectoprende.com

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Plateau TeamProject Manager

Rehabilitation is a current reality, the industry has shif ted too late, but fortunately we are in line for a shif t towards a more sustainable model.

THIS SECOND EDITION OF SYMBIOSIS INTERVIEWED EDUARDO PREZ, PROJECT MANAGER.

MEET OUR TEAM MEMBERS

>> Eduardo Prez

Rehabilitation can mean an average saving of 30% in what a building consumes,

and therefore it would reduce the electrical bills for

the tenants.

52INTERVIEW

Plateau Team

S: Rehabilitation or new development beneficial or detrimental?

E: Nowadays there is a clear tendency towards

rehabilitation, not only due to sustainable criteria

in the city, but also because its the only way to

improve on the existing buildings. The new

development doesnt really make sense in buildings

that have yet to be fully exploited, in terms of their

use and services, mainly out of the increase in cost

and material means. It is definitely beneficial.

S: Is there a clear relationship between sustainability and rehabilitation?

E: They are completely linked concepts. Rehabilita-

tion implies an improvement in the buildings

energy performance, making them more sustainable,

accessible and better equipped. Rehabilitation can

mean an average saving of 30% in what a building

consumes, and therefore it would reduce the elec-

trical bills for the tenants. Sustainable? What can

be more sustainable than having economical and

energy savings?

S: What is symbiotic architecture? Do you know any examples?

E: Its a beneficial relationship between several

elements. In our case, we propose an increase in

the constructed surface, giving service to the host

building. Its an alternative to traditional rehabili-

tation, and in my opinion, a daring new way to do

it, that will surely have a big presence in the cities

in the next years.

S: The model for rehabilitation that SymbCity proposes is to be implanted in the preexisting city, to what degree would it be compatible with the historical city?

E: One of the premises is the implantation of our

prototype on building susceptible of improvement,

may it be that they are obsolete, or that they dont

follow current legislation. In the historical city there

must be a sensibility towards the heritage of the city,

implanting the prototype just on buildings that might

require it. It is not about solving with our proposal

every single problem the city has, but to improve on

what already exist, when and where it is possible to do

so, and under viable criteria.

S: In a hypothetical case, would it be viable to put SymbCitys prototype on a monumental building or a historical landmark?

E: It wouldnt make sense. In that case, the historical value prevails over sustainable criteria.

S. How important for the architect takes rehabilitation now that the new work seems to have diminished a lot over the last years? You understand that it is a possible vocational track?

E: If, as I said before, rehabilitation is an alternative to new construction, no longer makes sense after the large amount of housing that has been built in recent years. In Spain 30% of households are evicted therefore build new development without justification and without sustainable approach is not viable in the long term. If we have a housing stock obsolete but well located enough to rehabilitate urban possibilities, we have an immediate answer for solutions.

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SYMBIOSIS 02 REHABILITATION

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