Syllabus R10 Petrochemical Engineering

Petrochemical Engineering 1

ACADEMIC REGULATIONSCOURSE STRUCTURE

ANDDETAILED SYLLABUS

PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

ForB.TECH. FOUR YEAR DEGREE COURSE(Applicable for the batches admitted from 2010-2011)

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADAKAKINADA - 533 003, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA

2 2010-2011

Academic Regulations 2010 for B. Tech. (Regular)(Effective for the students admitted in to I year from the AcademicYear 2010-2011 and onwards)

1. Award of B.Tech. Degree

A student will be declared eligible for the award of the B. Tech.Degree if he fulfills the following academic regulations.

(a) Pursued a course of study for not less than four academic yearsand not more than eight academic years. However, the studentis permitted to write Supplementary examinations for two moreyears, giving a facility to the student to complete the Degreewithin 10 academic years.

(b) For the award of a degree, candidate has to register for 208credits and secure 200 credits with compulsory subjects:(compulsory subjects are: all Laboratories and Project work, i.e.the student shall pass all laboratory examinations and projectwork)

2. Students, who fail to complete their Four years Course of studywithin Eight years or fail to acquire the 200 Credits for the award ofthe degree within ten academic years from the year of their admission,shall forfeit their seat in B. Tech course and their admission shallstand cancelled.

3. Courses of study

The following courses of study are offered at present for specializationin the B.Tech. Course.

S. No. Branch BranchCodeAbbreviation

01 01-CE Civil Engineering02 02-EEE Electrical and Electronics Engineering03 03-ME Mechanical Engineering04 04-ECE Electronics and Communication Engineering05 05-CSE Computer Science Engineering


06 08-CHEM Chemical Engineering07 10-EIE Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering08 11-BME Bio – Medical Engineering09 12-IT Information Technology10 19-ECom.E Electronics and Computer Engineering11 21-AE Aeronautical Engineering12 23-BT Bio – Technology13 24-AME Auto Mobile Engineering14 25-PCE Petrochemical Engineering15 26-MM Mining16 27-PT Petroleum Technology / Petroleum Engineering17. 31-MtE Metallurgical Engineering

And any other course as approved by the authorities of the Universityfrom time to time.

4. Distribution and Weightage of Marks

(i) The performance of a student in each semester shall be evaluatedsubject – wise with a maximum of 100 marks for theory and 75marks for practical subject. The project work shall be evaluatedfor 200 marks.

(ii) For theory subjects the distribution shall be 25 marks for InternalEvaluation and 75 marks for the End - Examinations.

(iii) Out of 25 internal marks – 15 marks are assigned for subjectiveexam, 10 marks for objective “On Line” exam.

(iv.) For theory subjects, during the semester there shall be 2 tests.Each test consists of 20 minutes duration objective “On Line”exam for 10 marks and 120 minutes duration subjective examfor 40 marks. The Objective exam marks for 10 and subjectiveexam marks scaled for 15 to be added to get test marks for 25The best of the two tests will be taken for internal marks. Thefirst test to be conducted in 1-4 units and second test in 5-8 unitsof each semester.

Each Objective question paper shall contain 20 objective typequestions for 10 marks. This examination is conducted “on line”

4 2010-2011

to train the student for on line examinations such as GRE, GMATetc.

Each subjective type test question paper shall contain 4 questionsand all questions need to be answered. The subjective typequestion paper should be for 40 marks.

(v.) For practical subjects there shall be continuous evaluation duringthe semester for 25 marks for internal exam and 50 marks forsemester end examination. Of the 25 marks for internal, 15 marksshall be awarded as follows: day to day work 10 and Record-5,and 10 marks to be awarded by conducting an internal laboratorytest. The end examination shall be conducted by the teacherconcerned and external examiner.

(vi.) For the subject having design and / or drawing, (such asEngineering Graphics, Engineering Drawing, Machine Drawing)and estimation, the distribution shall be 25 marks for internalevaluation ( 15 marks for day – to – day work, and 10 marks forinternal tests) and 75 marks for end examination. There shall betwo internal tests in a Semester and the better of the two shallbe considered for the award of marks for internal tests.

(vii.) Out of a total of 200 marks for the project work, 50 marks shallbe for Internal Evaluation and 150 marks for the End SemesterExamination. The End Semester Examination (Viva – Voce) shallbe conducted by the committee. The committee consists of anexternal examiner, Head of the Department and Supervisor ofthe Project. The evaluation of project work shall be conductedat the end of the IV year. The Internal Evaluation shall be on thebasis of two seminars given by each student on the topic of hisproject and evaluated by an internal committee.

(viii) Laboratory marks and the internal marks awarded by the Collegeare not final. The marks are subject to scrutiny and scaling bythe University wherever felt desirable. The internal and laboratorymarks awarded by the College will be referred to a Committee.The Committee shall arrive at scaling factor and the marks willbe scaled as per the scaling factor. The recommendations of the


Committee are final and binding. The laboratory records andinternal test papers shall be preserved in the respectivedepartments as per the University norms and shall be producedto the Committees of the University as and when they ask for.

5. Attendance Requirements:

(i.) A student shall be eligible to appear for University examinationsif he acquires a minimum of 75% of attendance in aggregate ofall the subjects.

(ii.) Condonation of shortage of attendance in aggregate up to 10%(65% and above and below 75%) in each semester for genuinereasons and shall be approved by a committee duly appointed bythe college. The condonation approved or otherwise can bereviewed by the University.

(iii.) A Student will not be promoted to the next semester unless hesatisfies the attendance requirement of the present semester.They may seek re-admission for that semester when offerednext.

(iv.) Shortage of Attendance below 65% in aggregate shall inNO case be condoned.

(v.) Students whose shortage of attendance is not condoned in anysemester are not eligible to take their end examination of thatclass and their registration shall stand cancelled.

(vi.) A fee stipulated by the university shall be payable towardscondonation of shortage of attendance.

6. Minimum Academic Requirements:

The following academic requirements have to be satisfied in additionto the attendance requirements mentioned in item No. 5.

(i.) A student shall be deemed to have satisfied the minimum academicrequirements and earned the credits allotted to each theory orpractical, design or drawing subject or project if he secures notless than 35% of marks in the end examination and a minimumof 40% of marks in the sum total of the internal evaluation andend examination taken together.

6 2010-2011

(ii.) A student will be promoted to second year, if he put up theminimum attendance requirement.

(iii.) A student shall be promoted from II to III year only if he fulfillsthe academic requirement of total 48 credits from regular andsupplementary examinations of I year and II year examinations,irrespective of whether the candidate takes the examination ornot.

(iv.) A student shall be promoted from third year to fourth year onlyif he fulfills the academic requirements of total 76 credits fromregular and supplementary examinations of I Year, II Year andIII Year examinations, irrespective of whether the candidate takesthe examinations or not.

(v.) A student shall register and put up minimum attendance in all208 credits and earn at least 200 credits. Marks obtained in thebest of 200 credits shall be considered for the calculation ofpercentage of marks.

(vii.) Students, who fail to complete their Four year Course study withinEight years or fail to acquire the 200 Credits for the award ofthe degree within ten academic years from the year of theiradmission, shall forfeit their seat in B. Tech course and theiradmission shall stand cancelled.

7. Course pattern:

(i.) The entire course of study is of four academic years and eachyear will have TWO Semesters (Total EIGHT Semesters).

(ii.) A student eligible to appear for the end examination in a subject,but absent for it or has failed in the end examinations may appearfor that subject’s supplementary examinations, when offered.

(iii.) When a student is detained due to lack of credits / shortage ofattendance, he may be re-admitted when the semester is offeredafter fulfillment of academic regulations. Whereas the academicregulations hold good with the regulations he/she first admitted.


8. Award of Class:

After having satisfied the requirements prescribed for the completionof the program, the student shall be eligible for the award of B. TechDegree and shall be placed in one of the following grades:

Class Graded % of marks to be secured

E 40% to < 50%D 50% to < 60%C 60% to < 70 %B 70 % to < 80 %A 80 % to < 90%O 90 and above

(The marks in internal evaluation and end examination shall be shownseparately in the marks memorandum)

9. Minimum Instruction Days:

The minimum instruction days for each semester shall be 95 clearinstruction days.

10. There shall be no branch transfer after the completion of admissionprocess.

11. There shall be no transfer within the Constituent Colleges.

12. General:

(i.) Where the words ‘’he’’ ‘’him’’ ‘’his’’, occur in the regulations,they include ‘’she’’, ’’her’’, ’’hers’’.

(ii.) The academic regulation should be read as a whole for the purposeof any interpretation.

(iii.) In the case of any doubt or ambiguity in the interpretation of theabove rules, the decision of the Vice – Chancellor is final.

(iv.) The University may change or amend the academic regulationsor syllabi at any time and the changes or amendments madeshall be applicable to all the students with effect from the datesnotified by the University.

From theaggregate

marks securedfrom the best200 Credits.

8 2010-2011

Academic Regulations 2010 for B. Tech. (Lateral EntryScheme)

(Effective for the students getting admitted into II year from theAcademic Year 2011- 2012 and onwards)

1. Award of B. Tech. Degree

A student will be declared eligible for the award of the B. Tech.Degree if he fulfills the following academic regulations.

(a.) Pursued a course of study for not less than three academic yearsand not more than six academic years. However, the student ispermitted to write Supplementary examinations for two moreyears, giving a facility to the student to complete the Degreewithin 8 academic years.

(b.) For the award of a degree, candidate has to register for 170credits and secure 162 credits with compulsory subjects:(compulsory subjects are: all Laboratories and Project work, i.e.,the students i.e. the student shall pass all laboratory examinationsand project work.

2. Students, who fail to complete their three year Course of studywithin six years or fail to acquire the 162 Credits for the award of thedegree within 8 academic years from the year of their admission,shall forfeit their seat in B. Tech course and their admission shallstand cancelled.

3. Promotion Rule:

(a.) A lateral entry student will be promoted from II year to III yearif he puts up the minimum required attendance in II year.

(b.) A student shall be promoted from third year to fourth only if hefulfills the academic requirements of 56 credits from the II Yearand III Year examinations, whether the candidate takes theexaminations or not.

4. Award of Class:

After having satisfied the requirements prescribed for the completionof the program, the student shall be eligible for the award of B. Tech


Degree and shall be placed in one of the following grades:

Class Graded % of marks to be secured

E 40% to < 50%D 50% to < 60%C 60% to < 70 %B 70 % to < 80 %A 80 % to < 90%O 90 and above

(The marks in internal evaluation and end examination shall be shownseparately in the marks memorandum)

5. All other regulations as applicable for B. Tech. Four- year degreecourse (Regular) will hold good for B.Tech. (Lateral EntryScheme)

From theaggregate

marks securedfrom the best162 Credits.

10 2010-2011

DISCIPLINARY ACTION FOR MALPRACTICES /IMPROPER CONDUCT IN EXAMINATIONSNature of Malpractices/Improperconduct

1 (a) If the candidate possesses or keepsaccessible in examination hall, anypaper, note book, programmablecalculators, Cell phones, pager,palm computers or any other formof material concerned with or relatedto the subject of the examination(theory or practical) in which he isappearing but has not made use of(material shall include any marks onthe body of the candidate which canbe used as an aid in the subjectof the examination)

(b) If the candidate gives assistance orguidance or receives it from anyother candidate orally or by anyother body language methods orcommunicates through cell phoneswith any candidate or persons in oroutside the exam hall in respect ofany matter.

2 If the candidate has copied in theexamination hall from any paper,book, programmable calculators,palm computers or any other formof material relevant to the subject ofthe examination (theory or practical)in which the candidate is appearing.

Punishment

Expulsion from theexamination hall andcancellation of theperformance in that subjectonly.

Expulsion from theexamination hall andcancellation of theperformance in that subjectonly of all the candidatesinvolved. In case of anoutsider, he will be handedover to the police and a caseis registered against him.

Expulsion from theexamination hall andcancellation of theperformance in that subjectand all other subjects thecandidate has alreadyappeared including practicalexaminations and projectwork and shall not bepermitted to appear for the


3 If the candidate impersonates anyother candidate in connection withthe examination.

remaining examinations ofthe subjects of thatSemester/year.The Hall Ticket of thecandidate is to be cancelledand sent to the University.

The candidate who hasimpersonated shall beexpelled from examinationhall. The candidate is alsodebarred and forfeits theseat. The performance ofthe original candidate, whohas been impersonated,shall be cancelled in all thesubjects of the examination(including practicals andproject work) alreadyappeared and shall not beallowed to appear forexaminations of theremaining subjects of thatsemester/year. Thecandidate is also debarredfor two consecutivesemesters from class workand all Universityexaminations. Thecontinuation of the courseby the candidate is subjectto the academic regulationsin connection withforfeiture of seat. If theimposter is an outsider, hewill be handed over to thepolice and a case isregistered against him.

12 2010-2011

4 If the candidate smuggles in theAnswer book or additional sheet ortakes out or arranges to send outthe question paper during theexamination or answer book oradditional sheet, during or after theexamination.

5 If the candidate uses objectionable,abusive or offensive language in theanswer paper or in letters to theexaminers or writes to the examinerrequesting him to award pass marks.

6 If the candidate refuses to obey theorders of the Chief Superintendent/Assistant -Superintendent / anyofficer on duty or misbehaves orcreates disturbance of any kind inand around the examination hallor organizes a walk out or instigatesothers to walk out, or threatens theofficer-in charge or any person on

Expulsion from theexamination hall andcancellation of performancein that subject and all theother subjects thecandidate has alreadyappeared includingpractical examinations andproject work and shall notbe permitted for theremaining examinations ofthe subjects of thatsemester/year. Thecandidate is also debarredfor two consecutivesemesters from class workand all Universityexaminations. Thecontinuation of the courseby the candidate is subjectto the academic regulationsin connection withforfeiture of seat.

Cancellation of theperformance in that subject.

In case of students of thecollege, they shall beexpelled from examinationhalls and cancellation oftheir performance in thatsubject and all othersubjects the candidate(s)has (have) already appearedand shall not be permitted


duty in or outside the examinationhall of any injury to his person or toany of his relations whether bywords, either spoken or written orby signs or by visiblerepresentation, assaults the officer-in-charge, or any person on duty inor outside the examination hall orany of his relations, or indulges inany other act of misconduct ormischief which result in damageto or destruction of property in theexamination hall or any part of theCollege campus or engages in anyother act which in the opinion of theofficer on duty amounts to use ofunfair means or misconduct or hasthe tendency to disrupt the orderlyconduct of the examination.

7 If the candidate leaves the exam halltaking away answer script orintentionally tears of the script orany part thereof inside or outsidethe examination hall.

to appear for the remainingexaminations of thesubjects of that semester/year. The candidates alsoare debarred and forfeittheir seats. In case ofoutsiders, they will behanded over to the policeand a police case isregistered against them.

Expulsion from theexamination hall andcancellation of performancein that subject and all theother subjects thecandidate has alreadyappeared includingpractical examinations andproject work and shall notbe permitted for theremaining examinations ofthe subjects of thatsemester/year. Thecandidate is also debarredfor two consecutivesemesters from class workand all Universityexaminations. Thecontinuation of the course

14 2010-2011

by the candidate is subjectto the academic regulationsin connection withforfeiture of seat.

Expulsion from theexamination hall andcancellation of theperformance in that subjectand all other subjects thecandidate has alreadyappeared includingpractical examinations andproject work and shall notbe permitted for theremaining examinations ofthe subjects of thatsemester/year. Thecandidate is also debarredand forfeits the seat.

Student of the college,expulsion from theexamination hall andcancellation of theperformance in that subjectand all other subjects thecandidate has alreadyappeared includingpractical examinations andproject work and shall notbe permitted for theremaining examinations ofthe subjects of thatsemester/year. Thecandidate is also debarredand forfeits the seat.

8 If the candidate possesses anylethal weapon or firearm in theexamination hall.

9 If student of the college, who isnot a candidate for the particularexamination or any person notconnected with the collegeindulges in any malpractice orimproper conduct mentioned inclause 6 to 8.


Person(s) who do notbelong to the College will behanded over to police and.a police case will beregistered against them.

Expulsion from theexamination hall andcancellation of theperformance in that subjectand all other subjects thecandidate has alreadyappeared includingpractical examinations andproject work and shall notbe permitted for theremaining examinations ofthe subjects of thatsemester/year.

Cancellation of theperformance in that subjectand all other subjects thecandidate has appearedincluding practicalexaminations and projectwork of that semester/yearexaminations.

10 If the candidate comes in a drunkencondition to the examination hall.

11 Copying detected on the basis ofinternal evidence, such as, duringvaluation or during special scrutiny.

12 If any malpractice is detected whichis not covered in the above clauses1 to 11 shall be reported to theUniversity for further action toaward suitable punishment.

16 2010-2011

Malpractices identified by squad or special invigilators:

1. Punishments to the candidates as per the above guidelines.

2. Punishment for institutions : (if the squad reports that the college isalso involved in encouraging malpractices)

(i) A show cause notice shall be issued to the college.

(ii) Impose a suitable fine on the college.

(iii) Shifting the examination center from the college to another collegefor a specific period of not less than one year.

Malpractice identified at Nodal Center/Spot Center during valuation

The following procedure is to be followed in the case of malpractice casesdetected during valuation, scrutiny etc. at Nodal Center/Spot Center.

(i) A notice regarding the malpractice, is to be served to the candidate

(i) Through the Principal of the concerned college,

(ii) To his/her college address

(iii) To his/her permanent address.

(ii) A committee consisting of the following is to be constituted atnodal center to process such malpractice cases and therecommendations of the malpractice committee are to be sent tothe University.

1. Nodal Officer : Chairman

2. Principal of the concerned college : Member

3. Chief examiner of that subject/Subjectexpert from Nodal Centre : Member

4. OIE of nodal centre : Convener

***


JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, KAKINADAPETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

COURSE STRUCTUREI YEAR I SEMESTER

S. No. Subject T P Credits

1 English – I 3 - 22 Mathematics - I 3 - 23 Engineering Physics – I 3 - 24 Engineering Chemistry I 3 - 25 C Programming 3 - 26 Environmental Studies 3 - 27 Engineering Physics & Engineering

Chemistry Laboratory -I - 3 28 Engineering Workshop

(Carpentry, Fitting, House wiring, ) - 3 29 C Programming Lab - 3 210 English - Communication Skills Lab - I - 3 2

Total 20

I YEAR II SEMESTER


1 English – II 3 - 2

2 Mathematics – II 3 - 2

3 Engineering Physics – II 3 - 24 Engineering Chemistry— II 3 - 2

5 Engineering Drawing 3 - 2

6 Mathematical Methods 3 - 2

7 Engineering Physics & EngineeringChemistry Laboratory -II - 3 2

8 English - Communication Skills Lab - II - 3 2

9 IT Workshop - 3 2

Total 18

18 2010-2011

II YEAR I SEMESTER


1 Mathematics-III 4 - 4

2 Elements of Mechanical Engineering 4 - 43 Electrical & Electronics Engineering 4 - 4

4 Materials Science 4 - 4

5 Chemical Process Calculations 4 - 4

6 Organic Chemistry 4 - 47 Basic Engineering (Mech +Elec) Lab - 3 2

8 Chemistry-III Lab - 3 2

9 English Communication Practice-I - 2 1

10 Professional Ethics & Morals– I 2 - -

Total 29

II YEAR II SEMESTER


1 Probability & Statistics 4 - 4

2 Physical Chemistry 4 - 43 Momentum Transfer 4 - 4

4 Mechanical Unit Operations 4 - 4

5 Chemistry of Petroleum Refining

6 Chemical Thermodynamics-I 6 - 47 Momentum Transfer Lab - 3 2

8 Petroleum Analysis Lab - 3 2

9 English Communication Practice-II - 2 1

10 Professional Ethics & Morals– II 2 - -Total 29


III YEAR I SEMESTER


1 Process Heat Transfer 4 - 4

2 Petroleum Refinery Engineering 4 - 4

3 Chemical Thermodynamics-II 4 - 4

4 Petrochemical Engineering-I 4 - 4

5 Mass Transfer Operations-I 4 - 4

6 Process Instrumentation 4 - 4

7 Process Heat Transfer Lab - 3 2

8 Mass Transfer Operations Lab - 3 2

9 IPR & Patents-I 2 - -

10 Industrial Visits

Total 28

III YEAR II SEMESTER


1 Management Science 4 - 4

2 Petrochemical Engineering-II 4 - 4

3 Mass Transfer Operations – II 4 - 4

4 Process Dynamics & Control 4 - 4

5 Process Engineering Economics 4 - 4

6 Chemical Reaction Engineering-I 4 - 4

7 Instrumentation & Process Control Lab - 3 2

8 Chemical Reaction Engineering Lab - 3 2

9 IPR & Patents-II 2 - -

10 Summer Training (4-6 weeks)

Total 28

20 2010-2011

IV YEAR I SEMESTER


1 Transport Phenomena 4 - 42 Petroleum Refining & Petrochemical Plant Design 4 - 43 Chemical Reaction Engineering-II 4 - 44 Energy Management 4 - 45 Open Elective

(for the students of other branches)* Industrial Bio-Technology* Green Fuel Technologies* Fundamentals of Petroleum Refinery Engineering 4 - 4

6 Elective –I* Process Modeling & Simulation* Pipeline Engineering* Petroleum Production Engineering 4 - 4

7 Process Equipment Design & Drawing(Using Auto Cad) Lab - 3 2

8 Simulation Lab - 3 29 Presentation of Summer Training Report 2

Total 30

IV YEAR II SEMESTER


1 Industrial Safety & Hazard Management 4 - 42 Elective-II

* Fluidization Engineering* Fluid Catalytic Cracking Technology* Heavy Oil Processing 4 - 4

3 Elective-III* Computational methods in Chemical Enginering* Multicomponent Distillation* Optimization Techniques 4 - 4

4 Elective – IV* Natural Gas Processing* Coal Bed Methane Engineering* Petroleum Refining & Petrochemical Biotechnology 4 - 4

5 Project Work 10Total 26


JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA

I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering – I Sem.

ENGLISH SYLLABUS FOR SEMESTERS I & II

Introduction

The major challenge of a language teaching in a technical institution is toprepare the student for employability through imparting language skills todevelop communicative competence. The proficiency in English language isclosely linked to ‘good communication skills’ more so in the recent timeswhen employability is at stake for want of communication skills on the partof the students. Since skills and personal attributes are revealed throughcommunication, the responsibility of grooming students in life skills is alsoemphasized as part of language teaching and learning.

The core key skills needed are:

i) Communicationii) Team Workiii) Problem Solvingiv) Learning Skills

The personal attributes to be groomed are:

i) Adaptabilityii) Commitmentiii) Enthusiasmiv) Stress Managementv) Integrityvi) Sense of Humourvii) Self-Motivationviii) Reliabilityix) Self-esteemx) Personal Presentation

Since the inception of the Board of Studies for English, effort to design aCourse Structure that would cater to the needs of a wide range of learnergroups has been made. It was felt by the Board that the Course Structurehas to take into consideration the above criteria and therefore the objectivesof the Language course ought to be much focused.

22 2010-2011

Objectives

1: To improve the language proficiency of technical under graduates inEnglish with emphasis on LSRW skills.

1.1: To provide learning environment to practice listening, speaking,reading, and writing skills within and beyond the classroomenvironment.

1.2: To assist the students to carry on the tasks and activities throughguided instructions and materials.

2: To effectively integrate English language learning with employabilityskills and training.

2.1: To design the main course material and exercises with authenticmaterials drawn from everyday use to cater to everyday needs.

The material may be culled from newspaper articles,advertisements, promotional material etc.

2.2: To provide hands-on experience through case-studies, mini-projects, group & individual presentations.


Each

chap

ter w

ill b

e stru

ctur

ed w

ith a

shor

t pas

sage

or c

olla

ge o

f pas

sage

s for

read

ing.

All

furth

er ex

erci

ses a

ndac

tiviti

es w

ill d

raw

upo

n th

e bro

ad su

bjec

t of t

he p

assa

ge(s

), an

d us

e fun

ctio

nal a

nd si

tuat

iona

l app

roac

h

Rea

ding

com

preh

en-

sion

ba

sed

on

the

pass

age(

s):

mul

tiple

-ch

oice

que

stio

ns a

sk-

ing

stud

ents

to

deri

vese

nse

of a

wor

d fr

omth

e co

ntex

t pr

ovid

edby

a s

ente

nce,

sho

rtqu

esti

ons

aski

ng s

tu-

dent

s to

sum

up

the

key

poin

ts o

f a

pas-

sage

, en

cour

agin

g st

u-de

nts

to a

ddre

ss n

oton

ly

expl

icit

st

ate-

men

t bu

t al

so i

mpl

ied

mea

ning

.

Dia

logu

es f

rom

situ

a-ti

ons

rela

ted

to w

hat

Wri

ting

and

anal

ysis

has

been

enc

ount

ered

in

the

read

ing

pas-

sage

s.;

the

dial

ogue

sm

ay n

ow b

e In

stru

c-ti

ons

on h

ow t

o la

you

t a p

iece

of u

sed

in a

role

-pla

y,

and

ingr

oups

, w

riti

ng,

and

exer

cise

s w

here

stu

-de

nts

m

ay a

naly

zeth

em f

or m

eani

ng a

reas

ked

to g

ener

ate

thei

row

n w

rite

-and

im

pli-

catio

ns, a

nd u

ltim

atel

yen

gage

in

up

s di

a-lo

gues

of

thei

r ow

nm

akin

g.

A t

hree

-tie

r sy

stem

,al

low

ing

the

stude

nt to

wor

k th

roug

h se

lf-a

s-se

ssm

ent,

asse

ssm

ent

by p

eers

, an

d fi

nally

,as

sess

men

t by

th

ete

ache

r.

Cha

pter

/G

ram

mar

&vo

cabu

lary

Read

ing

&co

mpr

ehen

sion

Liste

ning

& s

peak

ing

Core

ski

lls a

ndpe

rson

al a

ttrib

utes

deve

lope

d th

roug

h th

eex

erci

ses

Obj

ectiv

es a

chie

ved

thro

ugh

the

exer

cise

sPl

an o

f ev

alua

tion

24 2010-2011

Cha

pter

– 1

.R

ead

& P

roce

edT

he

impo

rtan

ce

ofth

e la

ngua

ge u

sed

for

com

mun

icat

ion:

•Und

erst

andi

ng

the

need

for

Eng

lish

inth

e w

ider

wor

ld,

and

the

oppo

rtun

ities

affo

rded

by

a st

rong

com

man

d of

th

ela

ngua

ge•A

sses

sing

one

’s l

evel

wit

hin

the

lang

uage

,an

d un

ders

tand

ing

the

way

s in

whi

ch g

rasp

of

the

lang

uage

can

be

bette

red

•Und

erst

andi

ng

the

basi

c st

ruct

ure

of t

hese

nten

ce.

Eng

lish:

subj

ect

– ve

rb –

ob-

ject

-

Fun

ctio

nal

gram

mar

exe

rcis

e:St

uden

ts m

ay d

iscu

ssin

gr

oups

or

pa

irs

whe

n, w

hy a

nd w

here

Engl

ish

is u

sed.

Wha

t,fo

r ex

ampl

e, i

f th

eyha

ve t

o fa

ce a

job

in

Shor

t ex

trac

ts f

rom

:1.

An

inte

rvie

w w

ithA

rund

hati

Roy

2.Ja

wah

arla

l N

ehru

’s‘T

ryst

with

Des

tiny’

spee

ch3.

Alb

ert

Eins

tein

’ses

say

‘The

Wor

ld A

sI

See

It’

Sent

ence

s U

nder

stan

d-in

g an

d us

ing

the

basic

stru

ctur

e of

the

sen

-te

nce

in E

nglis

h (s

ub-

ject

– v

erb

– ob

ject

);cr

eati

ng

sent

ence

s;un

ders

tand

ing

the

dif-

fere

nt k

inds

of

sen-

tenc

es

(whe

ther

a

stat

emen

t, or

a q

ues-

tion

, or

an

excl

ama-

tion,

and

so

on)

Smal

l co

nver

sa-

tion

s be

twee

n :

1.A

stu

dent

and

aho

stel

war

den

2.A

n in

terv

iew

er a

ndan

int

ervi

ewee

3.Tw

o fr

iend

sto

geth

er p

repa

ring

for

an

oral

exam

inat

ion

atco

llege

Com

mun

icat

ion

team

wor

k, p

robl

emso

lvin

g, l

earn

ing

skill

s

Enh

ance

dle

arne

r-pa

rtic

ipa-

tion

,de

velo

p-m

ent

oflin

guis

ticpr

ofi-

cien

cy

Bot

hTe

ache

r’s

Man

ual

and

Sam

ple

Tes

tQ

ues-

tions

will

be pro-

vide

d]


tion

?Po

tent

ial a

reas

of

fo-

cus

and

eval

uatio

n:•C

hang

ing

noun

s to

the

rela

ted

adje

ctiv

es•C

hang

ing

adje

ctiv

esto

the

rel

ated

nou

ns•R

epla

cing

nou

ns w

ithpr

onou

ns w

hile

ret

ain-

ing

the

mea

ning

of

the

sent

ence

Cha

pter

3.

Gen

der

Verb

s an

d ad

verb

s:•U

nder

stan

ding

th

epl

acem

ent

of a

ver

bw

ithin

a s

ente

nce

•Und

erst

andi

ng t

ense

s•U

nder

stand

ing

the

use

of a

dver

bs t

o de

scri

beve

rbs

Func

tion

al g

ram

mar

exer

cise

:St

uden

ts m

ay b

e as

ked

to

cons

ider

re

cent

new

s he

adlin

es f

or r

e-m

arka

ble

stor

ies

in-

volv

ing

wom

en.

How

are

eith

er t

he e

vent

sor

the

wom

en r

emar

k

Rea

ding

and

ana

lysi

sof

sho

rt e

xtra

cts

from

four

new

spap

er/jo

urna

lpi

eces

:1.

The

Tel

egra

phre

port

on

the

20-

year

old

Bur

dwan

girl

who

wal

ked

out

of h

er m

arri

age

inre

volt

of h

er i

n-la

ws’

dem

ands

for

dow

ry2.

A p

ersp

ectiv

e on

astr

onau

tKal

pana

Cha

wla

’sac

hiev

e-m

ent

3.T

he

insp

irat

iona

lst

ory

of

a yo

ung

wom

an w

ho s

urvi

ved

Essa

ys a

nd a

rgum

ents

Und

erst

andi

ng t

hat

anes

say

or a

rgum

ent i

s a

desc

ript

ive

or p

ersu

a-si

ve p

iece

of

wri

ting

that

nee

ds t

o be

org

a-ni

zed

as a

suc

cess

ion

of p

arag

raph

s; i

ntro

-du

cing

the

chi

ef c

on-

cern

s in

the

firs

t pa

ra-

grap

h, a

nd p

rovi

ding

a la

yout

of

how

the

argu

men

t is

goi

ng t

obe

stru

ctur

ed; d

evel

op-

ing

the

mai

n th

rust

of

the

argu

men

t in

the

succ

eedi

ng p

arag

raph

s;m

akin

g sm

ooth

tra

n

Shor

t ex

chan

ges

betw

een:

1.Tw

o fr

iend

s, o

n an

issu

e of

co

ntem

po-

rary

int

eres

t2.

A r

epor

ter

and

ata

lk-s

how

gue

st3.

A t

each

er a

nd a

stud

ent

in s

choo

l

Com

mun

icat

ion,

team

wor

k, c

omm

it-

men

t, in

tegr

ity,

self

-m

otiv

atio

n, s

elf-

este

em

Enh

ance

dle

arne

r-pa

rtic

ipa-

tion

,de

velo

p-m

ent

oflin

guis

ticpr

ofi-

cien

cy,

deve

lop-

men

t of

criti

cal

thin

king

[Bot

hTe

ache

r’s

Man

ual

and

Sam

ple

Tes

tQ

uest

ions

will

be

prov

ided

]

26 2010-2011

able

? W

hat h

ave

thes

ew

omen

don

e, o

r w

hat

do

they

do

? W

hat

wor

ds o

f ac

tion

are

used

to

talk

abo

ut t

heac

com

plis

hmen

ts

ofth

e w

omen

? H

ow a

reac

tions

of

the

past

dif-

fere

ntia

ted

from

ac-

tion

s of

the

pre

sent

and

actio

ns y

et t

o be

perf

orm

ed?

How

(us

-in

g w

hat

adve

rbs)

are

thos

e ac

tion

s qu

ali-

fied?

Pote

ntia

l are

as o

f fo

-cu

s an

d ev

alua

tion:

•Cha

ngin

g ve

rbs

to th

ere

late

d ad

verb

s•C

hang

ing

adve

rbs

toth

e re

late

d ve

rbs

•Usi

ng v

erbs

in

thei

rco

rrec

t te

nses

, de

riv-

ing

the

sens

e fr

omth

e re

st o

f th

e se

n-te

nce.

child

-mar

riag

e4.

Sudh

a M

urth

y’s

writ

e on

wha

t it

ispo

ssib

le f

or w

omen

to a

chie

ve

sitio

ns b

etw

een

idea

san

d pa

ragr

aphs

(usi

ngap

prop

riat

e co

nnec

t-in

g w

ords

or

phra

ses)

;w

indi

ng t

o a

conc

lu-

sion

by

draw

ing

the

vari

ous

stri

ngs

of t

hear

gum

ent

toge

ther


Cha

pter

4.

Dis

aste

rM

anag

emen

tA

rtic

les

and

punc

tua-

tion

:•U

nder

stan

ding

th

eus

es o

f ‘a

’, ‘

an’,

and

‘the

’•U

nder

stan

ding

the

uses

of

wor

ds/p

hras

esex

pres

sing

qua

ntity

,lik

e ‘s

ome’

, ‘a

bit

of’,

‘m

ore’

, et

c.•U

nder

stan

ding

and

usin

g co

rrec

tpu

nctu

atio

n to

conv

ey m

eani

ngFu

nctio

nal

gram

mar

exer

cise

:St

uden

ts m

ay b

e as

ked

to i

mag

ine

that

in

the

afte

rmat

h of

a n

atu-

ral

disa

ster

, th

ey a

repa

rt o

f a

reli

ef t

eam

effo

rt. W

hen

aske

d to

effe

ctiv

ely

iden

tify

the

need

s of

the

situ

a-tio

n, h

ow d

o th

ey p

lan

to g

o ab

out

prov

idin

gne

cess

ary

aid?

Is

anam

bula

nce

to b

e ar

Rea

ding

and

ana

lysi

sof

a s

hort

piec

e on

the

tsun

ami

Off

icia

l le

tter

s an

dem

ails

Eff

ecti

vely

usi

ng t

hefo

rmat

of

of

fici

alco

mm

unic

atio

n: p

ro-

vidi

ng o

ne’s

ow

n ad

-dr

ess

and

cont

act

de-

tails

, do

cum

entin

g th

eda

te a

nd p

lace

fro

mw

hich

the

com

mun

i-ca

tion

is se

nt, t

he s

alu-

tatio

n us

ed f

or t

he a

d-dr

esse

e, t

he m

ain

body

of t

he l

ette

r or

em

ail

(kee

ping

it

com

pre-

hens

ive

but

to

the

poin

t), a

nd s

igni

ng o

ff

[Bot

hTe

ache

r’s

Man

ual

and

Sam

ple

Tes

tQ

uest

ions

will

be

prov

ided

]

Dia

logu

es b

etw

een:

1.a

soci

al w

orke

r an

dan

ear

thqu

ake

vict

im2.

two

doct

ors

wor

king

in a

n ar

ea a

ffli

cted

by n

atur

al d

isas

ter

3.tw

o sc

hool

stud

ents

cam

paig

ning

to r

aise

rel

ief

mon

ey

Com

mun

icat

ion,

team

wor

k, p

robl

emso

lvin

g, a

dapt

abili

ty,

stre

ss m

anag

emen

t,re

liabi

lity,

int

egri

ty

Enh

ance

dle

arne

r-pa

rtic

ipa-

tion

,de

velo

p-m

ent

oflin

guis

ticpr

ofi-

cien

cy,

func

tion

alap

proa

chto pr

oble

mso

lvin

g,en

ablin

ggr

oup

wor

k

28 2010-2011

rang

ed fo

r? O

r a m

edi-

cal

tent

set

up?

Are

adeq

uate

fi

rst-

aid

supp

lies

avai

labl

e? D

om

ore

rati

ons

need

to

be

fetc

hed?

C

ould

ther

e be

a t

ie-u

p w

ithan

ove

rsea

s re

lief

or-

gani

zatio

n?

Cha

pter

5 –

Hea

lth

Prep

osit

ions

,co

njun

ctio

ns a

ndex

clam

atio

ns:

•Und

erst

andi

ng t

heus

e of

pre

posi

tions

–w

ords

tha

t co

nnec

tve

rbs

with

the

irob

ject

s•U

nder

stan

ding

th

atce

rtai

n ve

rbs

use

cert

ain

prep

osi-

tion

s•U

nder

stan

ding

the

uses

of

com

mon

prep

osit

ions

: to

, fo

r,at

, by

, of,

and

so o

n•U

nder

stan

ding

th

eus

es o

f co

njun

ctio

nsan

d ex

clam

atio

ns

Rea

ding

and

ana

lysi

sof

th

ree

diff

eren

tki

nds

of w

ritin

g, a

ndco

mpa

riso

ns b

etw

een

them

:1.

A

Gov

ernm

ent

ofIn

dia

repo

rt o

n th

esu

cces

s of

natio

nwid

e ca

mpa

igns

for

polio

vac

cina

tion

2.A

veg

etar

ian’

spe

rspe

ctiv

e on

wha

tm

akes

for

heal

thy

livin

g3.

An

athl

ete’

s sa

y on

the

bene

fits

of

life

-lo

ng e

xerc

ise

Rep

orts

Lea

rnin

g th

e di

ffer

-en

ce b

etw

een

an e

ssay

,fo

r ex

ampl

e, a

nd a

re-

port

; le

arni

ng t

o id

en-

tify

the

key

poin

ts o

fan

eve

nt o

r in

cide

nt,

and

docu

men

ting

them

bri

efly

but

in

am

anne

r th

at c

onve

ysbo

th t

he t

empe

r an

dth

e un

fold

ing

of t

heev

ent;

und

erst

andi

ngw

hat

is m

eant

by

a‘t

arge

t re

ader

ship

’,an

d le

arni

ng t

o ta

ilor

the

piec

e to

the

nee

dsof

tha

t re

ader

ship

[Bot

hTe

ache

r’s

Man

ual

and

Sam

ple

Tes

tQ

uest

ions

will

be

prov

ided

]

Bri

ef

exch

ange

sbe

twee

n:1.

A f

athe

r an

d hi

sso

n/da

ught

er,

ashe

exp

lain

s th

eim

port

ance

of

stay

ing

fit

2.A

frie

nds

disc

ussi

ng t

heid

eal

diet

3.A

cam

pus

coun

sello

r an

d a

stud

ent

Pers

onal

pr

esen

ta-

tion

, st

ress

-man

age-

men

t, co

mm

itm

ent,

enth

usia

sm,,

self

-mo-

tiva

tion

Dev

elop

-m

ent

oflin

guis

ticpr

ofi-

cien

cy,

func

tion

alap

proa

chto pr

oble

mso

lvin

g


Func

tiona

l gra

mm

arex

erci

se:

Stud

ents

may

be

aske

dto

pro

pose

way

s in

whi

ch h

ealth

ier

livin

gm

ight

be

atta

ined

–ea

ting

bette

r an

d ex

-er

cisi

ng,

drin

king

ple

nty

of w

a-te

r,

part

akin

g fr

esh

vege

tabl

es f

rom

the

Mar

ket,

and

so o

n.Po

ssib

le e

xerc

ises

may

be

fr

amed

arou

nd:

•Fil

ling

in

bl

anks

with

in s

ente

nces

•Dis

tingu

ishi

ngbe

twee

n di

ffer

ent

mea

ning

s po

ssib

leth

roug

h th

e us

e of

diff

eren

t pr

epos

i-tio

ns w

ith t

he s

ame

verb

s

30 2010-2011

Cha

pter

6 S

port

s :

Rev

isio

n of

all

ele

-m

ents

of

gr

amm

arha

ndle

d th

us

far,

thro

ugh

evoc

ativ

e de

-sc

ript

ions

of

Stat

e or

nati

onal

or

inte

rna-

tiona

l le

vel

spor

ts s

to-

ries,

and

disc

ussi

on o

fth

em.

Func

tiona

l gr

amm

arex

erci

se:

Stud

ents

may

, in

pairs

,be

ask

ed t

o pr

esen

t an

acco

unt

of a

mem

o-ra

ble

spor

ts m

eet

orga

me.

T

he

use

ofno

uns

pron

ouns

, an

dad

ject

ives

sho

uld

help

to c

larif

y ex

actly

wha

tev

ent

is b

eing

tal

ked

abou

t. Ju

dici

ous

use

ofad

ject

ive

wil

l he

lppr

ovid

e th

e co

ntex

t:ho

w

impo

rtan

t th

ega

me

or m

atch

was

,w

here

it w

as h

eld,

and

so o

n. I

n a

brie

f ac

-co

unt

of

the

gam

e,ve

rbs

and

adve

rbs

will

Rea

ding

and

ana

lysi

sof

tw

o of

fou

r sh

ort

piec

es i

n de

pict

ion

of:

1.O

ppor

tuni

ties

for

men

and

wom

en i

nsp

orts

2.A

dec

isiv

e m

omen

tin

a

gam

e3.

Exp

ecta

tion

and

failu

re4.

The

atti

tude

of

spor

tsm

ansh

ip

Pres

enta

tion

sLe

arni

ng t

o id

entif

yth

e ke

y el

emen

ts o

fan

y is

sue

and

putti

ngth

em d

own

assu

ccin

ct p

oint

s;st

ruct

urin

g th

e po

ints

so t

hat

they

may

be

elab

orat

ed o

nac

cord

ing

tone

cess

ity;

unde

r-st

andi

ng t

hepr

ogre

ssio

n of

poi

nts

so t

hat

no i

mpo

rtan

tel

emen

t is

mis

sed

out,

but

also

,re

petit

ions

are

avoi

ded

[Bot

hTe

ache

r’s

Man

ual

and

Sam

ple

Tes

tQ

uest

ions

will

be

prov

ided

]

Smal

l co

nver

satio

nsbe

twee

n:1.

A f

itnes

s in

stru

ctor

and

a tr

aine

e2.

Two

frie

nds

disc

ussin

g a

poss

ible

car

eer

insp

orts

3.Tw

o fr

iend

sdi

scus

sing

the

irfa

vori

te g

ame

Team

wor

k, i

nteg

rity

,se

lf-m

otiv

atio

n, s

elf-

este

em,

com

mit

men

t

Dev

elop

-m

ent

oflin

guis

ticpr

ofi-

cien

cy,

func

tion

alap

proa

chto pr

oble

mso

lvin

g


be n

eces

sary

to

repo

rtex

actl

y w

hat

hap-

pene

d. I

f th

e ac

coun

tha

s to

be

deta

iled

and

livel

y, s

tude

nts

will

be

oblig

ed t

o us

e th

e co

r-re

ct f

orm

s an

d te

nses

.O

f co

urse

, thr

ough

out,

not

only

will

the

rig

htin

flect

ions

and

arti

cles

be n

eces

sary

, so

too

will

the

pre

cise

use

of

prep

osit

ions

.

Boo

k: S

tep

by S

tep

: L

earn

ing

Lang

uage

and

Life

Ski

lls b

y P

ears

on L

ongm

an;

Pea

rson

Pub

lishe

rsL

ab M

anua

l: S

treng

then

your

Ste

ps (A

Mul

timod

al co

urse

in co

mm

unic

atio

n sk

ills)

by M

arut

hi P

ublic

atio

ns

32 2010-2011



MATHEMATICS-I

UNIT – I

Differential equations of first order and first degree – exact, linear andBernoulli. Applications to Newton’s Law of cooling, Law of natural growthand decay, orthogonal trajectories.

UNIT – II

Non-homogeneous linear differential equations of second and higherorder with constant coefficients with RHS term of the type e ax , Sin ax,cos ax, polynomials in x, e ax V(x), xV(x)

UNIT-III

Generalized Mean Value theorem (without proof) Functions of severalvariables – Functional dependence- Jacobian- Maxima and Minima offunctions of two variables with constraints and without constraints.

UNIT-IV

Curve tracing – Cartesian - Polar and Parametric curves.

UNIT – V

Applications of Integration to Lengths, Volumes and Surface areas ofrevolution in Cartesian and Polar Coordinates.

UNIT – VI

Multiple integrals - double and triple integrals – change of variables –Change of order of Integration.

UNIT – VII

Vector Differentiation: Gradient- Divergence- Curl and their related propertiesof sums-products- Laplacian and second order operators.

UNIT-VIII

Vector Integration - Line integral – work done – Potential function – area-surface and volume integrals Vector integral theorems: Greens, Stokes andGauss Divergence Theorems (Without proof) and related problems.


TEXT BOOK:

1. A Text Book of Engineering Mathematics – I by U. M. Swamy, P.Vijaya Lakshmi, Dr. M. P.K.Kishore and Dr. K.L. Sai Prasad – ExcelBooks, New Delhi

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Engineering Mathematics, Vol- 1, Dr. D. S.C. Prism Publishers

2. Engineering Mathematics, B. V. Ramana, Tata Mc Graw Hill

3. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Erwin Kreszig, 8 Ed. WileyStudent Edition

34 2010-2011



ENGINEERING PHYSICS -1

UNIT-1

INTERFERENCE: Superposition of waves - Young’s double slit experiment- Coherence - Interference in thin films by reflection -Newton’s rings.

UNIT-II

DIFFRACTION: Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffractions - Fraunhofer diffractionat a single slit - Double slit - Diffraction grating - Grating spectrum -Resolving power of a grating - Rayleigh’s criterion for resolving power.

UNIT-III

POLARIZATION: Types of Polarization - Double refraction - Nicol prism- Quarter wave plate and Half wave plate.

UNIT-IV

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE: Introduction - Space lattice - Basis - Unit cell -Lattice parameters - Bravais lattices - Crystal systems - Structure andpacking fractions of simple cubic, Body centered cubic, Face centeredcubic crystals.

UNIT-V

X-RAY DIFFRACTION: Directions and planes in crystals - Miller indices- Separation between successive [h k 1] planes - Diffraction of X - raysby crystal planes - Bragg’s law - Laue method -Powder method.

UNIT-VI

LASERS: Introduction - Characteristics of lasers - Spontaneous andStimulated emission of radiation -Einstein’s coefficients - Populationinversion - Ruby laser - Helium -Neon laser - Semiconductor laser -Applications of lasers in industry, scientific and medical fields.

UNIT-VII

FIBER OPTICS: Introduction - Principle of optical fiber - Acceptance angleand acceptance cone -Numerical aperture - Types of optical fibers andrefractive index profiles - Attenuation in optical fibers -Application ofoptical fibers.


UNIT-VIII

NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING USING ULTRASONICS: Ultrasonic Testing- Basic Principle -Transducer - Couplant and Inspection Standards -Inspection Methods - Pulse Echo Testing Technique -Flaw Detector -Different Types of Scans - Applications.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Perspective of Engineering Physics by Dr.M.Sri Rama Rao (Retd Prof.in Physics, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam), Dr.N.Chaudhary andD.Prasad, Pub: Acme Learning.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Engineering Physics by S. Mani Naidu ( Pearson publishers )

2. Engineering Physics by Sanjay D Jain and Girish G Sahasrabudhe(University press)

3. Engineering Physics by alik and A K Singh (Tata Mc Graw-HillPublishing company Limited)

36 2010-2011



ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY – I

CONCEPTS IN CHEMISTRY –ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS

UNIT-I

1. JOULE THOMSON EFFECT

Definitions of Enthalpy, Free Energy, Entropy, Principle andexplanation of Joule Thomson Effect, application to Air Conditioning, Refrigeration (WORKING PRINCIPLE AND FLOW DIAGRAMS)

2. OSMOSIS &REVERSE OSMOSIS

Principles of Osmosis& Reverse Osmosis, application to Desalinationprocess-Types of Membranes used in desalination process-Limitations

3. LECHATELIERS PRINCIPLE —

Definition of Petrochemical Equilibrium, Factors influence thePetrochemical Equilibrium, Statement and explanation of Lechateliersprinciple- Industrial applications for the production of SulphuricAcid and Ammonia

4. SOLUBILITY PRODUCT& COMMON ION EFFECT—

Definition of Solubility & Ionic products, Industrial applications

UNIT-II

1. CATALYSIS

Explanation of Catalysis, Criteria of Catalysts, Few Industrial Catalysts

2. COLLOIDS

Explanation of Colloids- Properties of Colloids, Industrial applicationsof Colloids

3. FERMENTATION

Explanation of Fermentation with examples-Industrial applications

4. VISCOSITY:

Definition of Viscosity -Factors influence the Viscosity- Kinematic


Viscosity-Determination of Molecular Weight of any one compound-Applications to fluids in motion –Type of flow.

UNIT-III

1. FLUORESENCE&PHOSPHORESENCE— LUMINISCENTCOMPOUNDS

Explanation of Fluorescence &Phosphorescence JOB s Diagram,Industrial applications of Chemiluminiscent compounds

2. PHOTO & LIGHT RESPONSIVE COMPOUNDS—SENSORS,BIOSENSORS

Explanation of Sensors & Biosensors-Principle –Few Applications

3. IONSELECTIVE ELECTRODES –

Principle- Chemistry &working of Electrode-applications todetermination of Fluoride,Chloride and Nitrate

4. NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE(NMR) :

Principle –Few Electronic applications

UNIT-IV

1. SUPERCONDUCTIVTY –

Definition-Preparation –Properties –Engineering Applications

2. SEMICONDUCTORS -

Definition –Types of semiconductors (Stiochiometric,Nonstichometric , Organic, Controlled Valency Semiconductors, Doping)-applications

3. STORAGE DEVICES -

Materials used and working of Floppy, CD, Pendrive etc.

4. LIQUID CRYSTALS -

Definition –Types - applications in LCD and Engineering,Applications.

UNIT – V

THERMAL ENERGY- introduction to solid fuels – definition – calorificvalue (LCV, HCV) bomb calorimeter, pulverized coal – carbonization –

38 2010-2011

analysis of coal (proximate and ultimate analysis) – working of thermalpower station.

UNIT - VI

Petrochemical sources of energy – single electrode potential – NernestEquation- reference electrodes – concentration cells-primary andsecondary cells – fuel cells.

UNIT-VII

NUCLEAR ENERGY: Introduction to nuclear fuels – binding energy –nuclear fission and fusion reactions – nuclear reactions – disposalof nuclear wastes.

UNIT-VIII

SOLAR CELLS- introduction – harnessing solar energy – solar heaters– photo voltaic cells – solar reflection – green house concepts.

*Teachers Are Requested To Provide Information About National AndInternational Status Of Conventional And Non Conventional SourcesTo The Students

TEXT BOOK :

1. A Text Book Of Engineering Chemistry By N.Krisha Murty, Anuradha,Maruthi Publications.




C- PROGRAMMING

UNIT I:

INTRODUCTION: Computer systems, Hardware & software concepts.

PROBLEM SOLVING: Algorithm / pseudo code, flowchart, programdevelopment steps, Computer Languages: machine, symbolic, and high-level languages, Creating and running programs: Writing, editing, compiling,linking, and executing.

BASICS OF C: Structure of a C program, identifiers, basic data types andsizes. Constants, variables, arithmetic, relational and logical operators,increment and decrement operators, conditional operator, assignmentoperators, expressions, type conversions, conditional expressions,precedence and order of evaluation, Sample programs.

UNIT II:

BIT-WISE OPERATORS: logical, shift, rotation, masks.

SELECTION – MAKING DECISIONS: Two-way selection: if- else, nullelse, nested if, examples, Multi-way selection: switch, else-if, examples.

UNIT III:

STRINGS: concepts, c strings.

ITERATIVE: Loops - while, do-while and for statements, break, continue,initialization and updating, event and counter controlled loops, Loopingapplications: Summation, powers, smallest and largest.

UNIT IV:

ARRAYS: Arrays - concepts, declaration, definition, accessing elements,storing elements, Strings and string manipulations, 1-D arrays, 2-D arraysand character arrays, string manipulations, Multidimensional arrays ,Array applications: Matrix Operations, checking the symmetricity of aMatrix,

UNIT V:

FUNCTIONS-MODULAR PROGRAMMING: Functions, basics, parameterpassing, storage classes- extern, auto, register, static, scope rules, block

40 2010-2011

structure, user defined functions, standard library functions, recursivefunctions, Recursive solutions for Fibonacci series, Towers of Hanoi,header files, C pre-processor, example c programs. Passing 1-D arrays, 2-D arrays to functions.

UNIT VI:

POINTERS: Pointers- concepts, initialization of pointer variables, pointersand function arguments, passing by address –dangling memory, addressarithmetic, Character pointers and functions, pointers to pointers, pointersand multidimensional arrays, dynamic memory management functions,command line arguments.

UNIT VII:

ENUMERATED, STRUCTURE AND UNION TYPES: Derived types-structures- declaration, definition and initialization of structures, accessingstructures, nested structures, arrays of structures, structures and functions,pointers to structures, self referential structures, unions, typedef, bit-fields, program applications.

UNIT VIII:

FILE HANDLING: Input and output – concept of a file, text files andbinary files, Formatted I/o, file I/o operations, example programs.

TEXT BOOK:

1. The C – Programming Language, B.W. Kernighan, Dennis M. Ritchie,PHI

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. C Programming : A Problem - Solving Approach, Forouzan, E. V.Prasad, Giliberg, Cengage, 2010.

2. Programming in C, Stephen G. Kochan, 3/e Pearson, 2007.




ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

UNIT - I

Multidisciplinary nature of Environmental Studies: Definition, Scope andImportance – Need for Public Awareness.

UNIT - II

Natural Resources : Renewable and non-renewable resources – Naturalresources and associated problems – Forest resources – Use and over –exploitation, deforestation, case studies – Timber extraction – Mining,dams and other effects on forest and tribal people – Water resources –Use and over utilization of surface and ground water – Floods, drought,conflicts over water, dams – benefits and problems - Mineral resources:Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineralresources, case studies. - Food resources: World food problems, changescaused by agriculture and overgrazing, effects of modern agriculture,fertilizer-pesticide problems, water logging, salinity, case studies. – Energyresources: Growing energy needs, renewable and non-renewable energysources use of alternate energy sources. Case studies. Land resources:Land as a resource, land degradation, man induced landslides, soil erosionand desertification. Role of an individual in conservation of naturalresources. Equitable use of resources for sustainable lifestyles.

UNIT - III

Ecosystems : Concept of an ecosystem. - Structure and function of anecosystem. - Producers, consumers and decomposers. - Energy flow in theecosystem - Ecological succession. - Food chains, food webs andecological pyramids. - Introduction, types, characteristic features, structureand function of the following ecosystem:

a. Forest ecosystem

b. Grassland ecosystem

c. Desert ecosystem

d. Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries)

42 2010-2011

UNIT - IV

Biodiversity and its conservation : Introduction - Definition: genetic,species andecosystem diversity. - Bio-geographical classification of India- Value of biodiversity: consumptive use, productive use, social, ethical,aesthetic and option values - . Biodiversity at global, National and locallevels. - . India as a mega-diversity nation - Hot-sports of biodiversity -Threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlifeconflicts. - Endangered and endemic species of India – Conservation ofbiodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity.

UNIT - V

Environmental Pollution : Definition, Cause, effects and control measuresof :

a. Air pollution

b. Water pollution

c. Soil pollution

d. Marine pollution

e. Noise pollution

f. Thermal pollution

g. Nuclear hazards

Solid waste Management: Causes, effects and control measures of urbanand industrial wastes. - Role of an individual in prevention of pollution.- Pollution case studies. - Disaster management: floods, earthquake,cyclone and landslides.

UNIT - VI

Social Issues and the Environment: From Unsustainable to Sustainabledevelopment -Urban problems related to energy -Water conservation, rainwater harvesting, watershed management -Resettlement and rehabilitationof people; its problems and concerns. Case Studies -Environmental ethics:Issues and possible solutions. -Climate change, global warming, acid rain,ozone layer depletion, nuclear accidents and holocaust. Case Studies. -Wasteland reclamation. – Consumerism and waste products. -EnvironmentProtection Act. -Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act. –Water(Prevention and control of Pollution) Act -Wildlife Protection Act -Forest


Conservation Act -Issues involved in enforcement of environmentallegislation. -Public awareness.

UNIT - VII

Human Population and the Environment: Population growth, variationamong nations. Population explosion – Family Welfare Programme. -Environment and human health. -Human Rights. -Value Education. HIV/AIDS. -Women and Child Welfare. -Role of information Technology inEnvironment and human health. –Case Studies. Page 37 of 79

UNIT - VIII

Field work : Visit to a local area to document environmental assets River/forest grassland/hill/mountain -Visit to a local polluted site Urban/Rural/industrial/ Agricultural Study of common plants, insects, birds. -Study ofsimple cosystemspond, river, hill slopes, etc.

TEXT BOOK :

1. An Introduction to Environmental Studies by B. Sudhakara Reddy,T. Sivaji Rao, U. Tataji & K. Purushottam Reddy, Maruti Publications.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Text Book of Environmental Studies by Deeshita Dave & P. UdayaBhaskar, Cengage Learning.

2. Environmental Studies by K.V.S.G. Murali Krishna, VGS Publishers,Vijayawada

3. Text Book of Environmental Sciences and Technology by M. AnjiReddy, BS Publications.

44 2010-2011



ENGINEERING PHYSICS & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRYLABORATORY-1

PHYSICS LAB-I

A. Mechanics

1. Determine the Rigidity Modulus of the material of the wire usingTorsional Pendulum.

2. Determine the Frequency of vibration in Transverse andLongitudinal Mode using Melde’s Apparatus.

3. Verify the Laws Transverse vibrations in stretched strings usingSonometer.

4. Determine the Velocity of Sound by Volume Resonator method.

5. Determine the Acceleration due to Gravity and Radius of Gyrationusing Compound Pendulum.

B. Optics:

6. Determine the Wavelength of a source by Normal Incidence methodusing Diffraction Grating.

7. Determine the Radius Curvature of a convex lens by forming Newton’sRings.

8. Determine the Refractive Index of the material of Prism (MinimumDeviation method) using Spectrometer.

9. Determine the Thickness of the Spacer used to form Parallel fringesdue to Wedge shaped film.

10. Determination of Single slit diffraction using Lasers.

Manual/Record Books:

1. Manual cum Record for Engineering Phaysics Lab-1, by Prof.Sri M.Rama Rao, Acme Learning.

2. Lab manual – 1, of Engineering Physics by Dr. Y.Aparna and Dr.K.Venkateswara Rao (VGS Books links, Vijayawada )


CHEMISTRY LAB - 1

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Introduction to Chemistry Lab (the teachers are expected to teachfundamentals like Primary, Secondary Standard Solutions , Normality,Molarity, Molality etc and laboratory ware used, error ,accuracy, precision,Theory of indicators, use of volumetric titrations2. Introduction to Volumetric Analysis:The Teacher has to perform four types of volumetric titrations and willexplain about the Working of Indicators .(The Teacher has to call thestudents at random to perform the titrations)2. ANALYSIS OF WATER

Estimation of :a. Calcium, Magnesium, Iron (111), Zinc (SEPERATELY)b. TOTAL HARDNESS BY EDTA METHODc. TURBIDITYd. CONDUCTIVITYe pHf. TOTAL DISSOLVED SALTSg. FLORIDES,CHLORIDES AND NITRATES ( USING ION

ANALYSER OR BY COLORIMETER)h. DISSOLVED OXYGENi BACTERIAL COUNT

The student has to get his water sample and the teacher has to explainthe analysis and the results are to be compared with the INDIANSTANDRDS. All the teachers are requested to give top priority to water analysis

as it is very useful for the students and society. complete wateranalysis may take couple of hours more but this has a uniqueinfluence on the system.

3. CONSTRUCTION OF GALVANIC CELLBased on the position of the metals in the electroPetrochemical seriesa model ElectroPetrochemical Cell is constructed and the values aredetermined and effect of metal ion concentration, Temprature etc. on emfare calculated.Lab Manual :Engineering chemistry laboratory manual &record By srinivasulu .dparshva publications.

46 2010-2011



ENGINEERING WORKSHOP

Note: At least two exercises to be done from each trade.

Trade:

Carpentry 1. T-Lap Joint

2. Cross Lap Joint

3. Dovetail Joint

4. Mortise and Tennon Joint

Fitting 1. Vee Fit

2. Square Fit

3. Half Round Fit

4. Dovetail Fit

Black Smithy 1. Round rod to Square

2. S-Hook

3. Round Rod to Flat Ring

4. Round Rod to Square headed bolt

House Wiring 1. Parallel / Series Connection of three bulbs

2. Stair Case wiring

3. Florescent Lamp Fitting

4. Measurement of Earth Resistance

Tin Smithy 1. Taper Tray

2. Square Box without lid

3. Open Scoop

4. Funnel




C PROGRAMMING LAB

Objectives:

To learn/strengthen a programming language like C, To learn problemsolving techniques

Recommended Systems/Software Requirements:

Intel based desktop PC, ANSI C Compiler with Supporting Editors,IDE’s such as Turbo C, Bloodshed C,

Linux with gcc compiler

Exercise l

Solving problems such as temperature conversion, student grading, incometax calculation, etc., which expose students to use basic C operators

Exercise 2

2’s complement of a number is obtained by scanning it from right to leftand complementing all the bits after the first appearance of a 1. Thus 2’scomplement of 11100 is 00100. Write a C program to find the 2’s complementof a binary number.

Exercise 3

a) Write a C program to find the sum of individual digits of a positiveinteger.

b) A Fibonacci sequence is defined as follows: the first and secondterms in the sequence are 0 and 1. Subsequent terms are found byadding the preceding two terms in the sequence. Write a C programto generate the first n terms of the sequence.

c) Write a C program to generate all the prime numbers between 1 andn, where n is a value supplied by the user.

d) Write a program which checks a given integer is Fibonacci numberor not.

Exercise 4

a) Write a C program to calculate the following Sum:

48 2010-2011

Sum=1-x2/2! +x4/4!-x6/6!+x8/8!-x10/10!

b) Write a C program to find the roots of a quadratic equation.

Exercise 5

a) The total distance travelled by vehicle in‘t’ seconds is given bydistance = ut+1/2at2 where ‘u’ and ‘a’ are the initial velocity (m/sec.)and acceleration (m/sec2). Write C program to find the distancetravelled at regular intervals of time given the values of ‘u’ and ‘a’.The program should provide the flexibility to the user to select hisown time intervals and repeat the calculations for different values of‘u’ and ‘a’.

b) Write a C program, which takes two integer operands and oneoperator form the user, performs the operation and then prints theresult. (Consider the operators +,-,*, /, % and use Switch Statement)

Exercise 6

a) Simple programming examples to manipulate strings.

b) Verifying a string for its palindrome property

Exercise 7

Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following operations:

i. To insert a sub-string in to given main string from a given position.

ii. To delete n Characters from a given position in a given string.

iii. To replace a character of string either from beginning or ending orat a specified location

Exercise 8

Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following operationsusing Structure:

i) Reading a complex number

ii) Writing a complex number

iii) Addition of two complex numbers

iv) Multiplication of two complex numbers


Exercise 9

a) Addition of Two Matrices

b) Calculating transpose of a matrix in-place manner.

c) Matrix multiplication by checking compatibility

Exercise 10

a) Write C programs that use both recursive and non-recursive functionsfor the following

i) To find the factorial of a given integer.

ii) To find the GCD (greatest common divisor) of two givenintegers.

iii) To solve Towers of Hanoi problem.

Exercise 11

a) Write a C functions to find both the largest and smallest number ofan array of integers.

b) Write a C function that uses functions to perform the following:

i) that displays the position/ index in the string S where thestring T begins, or –1 if S doesn’t contain T.

ii) to count the lines, words and characters in a given text.

Exercise 12

a) Write a C function to generate Pascal’s triangle.

b) Write a C function to construct a pyramid of numbers.

Exercise 13

Write a C function to read in two numbers, x and n, and then compute thesum of this geometric progression:

1+x+x2+x3+………….+xn

Write a C function to read in two numbers, x and n(no. of terms), and thencompute sin(x) and cos(x).

Exercise 14

a. Pointer based function to exchange value of two integers usingpassing by address.

50 2010-2011

b. Program which explains the use of dynamic arrays.

c. Program to enlighten dangling memory problem (Creating a 2-D arraydynamically using pointer to pointers approach.

Exercise 15

Examples which explores the use of structures, union and other userdefined variables

Exercise 16

a) Write a C program which copies one file to another.

b) Write a C program to reverse the first n characters in a file. (Note:The file name and n are specified on the command line)




ENGLISH - COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB -I

UNIT-1

Section -A Hello, I’m…..

Section –B Practicing Sounds

UNIT – 2

Section –A I Would Love to …..but

Section–B practicing Sounds

UNIT -3

Section- With your permission I would to …

Section-B Practicing Sounds

UNIT-4

Section-A Why don’t we………..

Section-B Practicing Sounds

UNIT-5

Section-A Could you Please……..

Section-B practicing Sounds

52 2010-2011


I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering – II Sem.

MATHEMATICS-II

UNIT – I

Laplace transforms of standard functions –Shifting Theorems, Transformsof derivatives and integrals – Unit step function –Dirac’s delta function.

UNIT – II

Inverse Laplace transforms– Convolution theorem - Application of Laplacetransforms to ordinary differential equations Partial fractions.

UNIT – III

Fourier Series: Determination of Fourier coefficients – Fourier series –even and odd functions – Fourier series in an arbitrary interval– Half-range sine and cosine series.

UNIT – IV

Fourier integral theorem (only statement) – Fourier sine and cosineintegrals - Fourier transform – sine and cosine transforms – properties –inverse transforms – Finite Fourier transforms.

UNIT – V

Formation of partial differential equations by elimination of arbitraryconstants and arbitrary functions –solutions of first order linear (Lagrange)equation and nonlinear (standard type) equations.

UNIT – VI

Method of Separation of Variables - Applications to wave equation, heatequation and Laplace Equation.

UNIT – VII

Z-transform – properties – Damping rule – Shifting rule – Initial and finalvalue theorems -Inverse z-transform -Convolution theorem – Solution ofdifference equation by z-transforms.

UNIT – VIII

Gamma and Beta Functions – Properties – Evaluation of improper integrals.


TEXT BOOK:

1. Swamy,U.M., Vijayalaxmi, P.,Ravikumar, R.V.G., and Phani KrishnaKishore., Mathematics II, Excel Books, New Delhi.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. B.V.Ramana, Engineering Mathematics, Tata Mc Graw Hill.

2. Iyengar,T.K.V, Krishna Gandhi, et.al Engineering Mathematics Vol-II,S.Chand Co. New Delhi.

3. Erwin Kreszig, “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, 8 Ed, WileyStudent Edition.

54 2010-2011



ENGINEERING PHYSICS - II

UNIT-I

QUANTUM MECHANICS & QUANTUM COMPUTING: Introduction -Schrodinger Time Independent and Time Dependent wave equations -Particle in a box - Operator version -Suitability of Quantum system forInformation Processing - Classical Bits and Qu-Bits - Bloch’s Sphere -Quantum Gates - Multiple Qu-Bits - Advantages of Quantum Computingover classical Computation.

UNIT-II

ELECTRON THEORY OF METALS: Classical free electron theory - Meanfree path - Relaxation time and drift velocity - Quantum free electrontheory - Fermi - Dirac (analytical) and its dependence on temperature -Fermi energy - Electron scattering and resistance.

UNIT-HI

BAND THEORY OF SOLIDS: Bloch theorem (qualitative) - Kronig -Penney model - Origin of energy band formation in solids - Classificationof materials into conductors, semiconductors & insulators -Concept ofeffective mass of an electron.

UNIT-IV

MAGNETIC PROPERTIES: Permeability - Magnetization - Orgin of magneticmoment - Classification of Magnetic materials - Dia, para and ferro-magnetism -Domain and Weiss field theory - Hysteresis Curve - Soft andHard magnetic materials.

UNIT-V

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY: General properties - Meissner effect - Penetrationdepth - Type I and type II superconductors - Flux quantization - DC andAC Josephson effect - BCS Theory - Applications of superconductors.

UNIT-VI

DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES: Introduction - Dielectric constant - Electronic,ionic and orientational polarizations - Internal fields in solids - Clausius-Mossotti equation - Dielectrics in alternating fields -frequency dependence


of the polarizability - Ferro and Piezo electricity.

UNIT-VII

SEMICONDUCTORS: Introduction - Intrinsic semiconductor and carrierconcentration - Equation for conductivity - Extrinsic semiconductor andcarrier concentration - Drift and diffusion - Einstein’s equation - Hall effect- Direct & indirect band gap semiconductors.

UNIT-VIII

PHYSICS OF NANO MATERIALS: Introduction - Properties and prepationof Nano Materials -Surface occupancy - Reduction of Dimensionality - 4D-Force vector - Quantum wires - Quantum dots and Quantum wells -Density of states and Energy spectrum - Nanotubes - Applications ofnanomaterials.

TEXT BOOK:

Perspective of Engineering Physics - II by M Sri Ramarao, NityanandaChoudary, Daruka Prasad, ACME Learning.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Solid State Physics – by A J Dekker , Mcmilan India Ltd.

2. A Text Book of Engineering Physics , by Bhattacharya & Bhaskara,Oxford University Press

3. Engineering Physics by K Shiva Kumar, Prism Books Pvt. Ltd

56 2010-2011



ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY – II

UNIT-I

POLYMERS: Introduction - Types of polymers – Classification - Methodsof polymerisation – Stereo specific polymers - Ziegler Natta catalysis -Properties of polymers –Conducting Polymers- Engineering applications –Biodegradable polymers - Individual polymers(Preparation ,Properities,Usesof Poly Styrene, PVC, PTFE, Bakelite’s, Cellulose derivatives, PolyCarbonates)

UNIT-II

PLASTICS – Types –Compounding of plastics- Moulding(Four types)-Fiber reinforced , Glass fibre reinforced plastics –Bullet Proof Plastics–Properties of plastics – Engineering applications

UNIT-III

RUBBERS & ELASTOMERS: Introduction – Preparation – Vulcanization– Properties - Engineering applications.

Buna-S,Buna-N, - Poly Urethane - Engineering applications of Elastomers

UNIT-IV

NANO MATERIALS

Introduction to Nano materials-preparation of few Nano materials(CarbonNano Tubes,Fullerenes etc)-Properities of Nano materials- Engineeringapplications.

UNIT-V

BUILDING MATERIALS(CEMENT,REFRACTORIES,CRAMICS):CEMENT

Introduction, Manufacturing of Portland Cement(Dry &We Process )-Chemistry of Setting and Hardening of Cement-Effect of Carbondioxide,Sulphur Dioxide ,Chloride on Cement concrete.

REFRACTORIES

Introduction-Classification –Properties-Applications


CERAMICS

Introduction-Classification – Glazed &Unglazed Ceramics -Properties-Engineering Applications.

UNIT-VI

FUEL TECHNOLOGY

Introduction to Liquid Fuels-Classification of Crude Oil-FractionalDistillation-Cracking (Thermal &Catalytic), Polymerization-Refining&Reforming –Working of Internal Combustion Engine, Heated Chambers-Knocking –AntiKnocking Agents-Octane &Cetane Number.

LUBRICANTS

Definition and Explanation of Lubrication-Mechanism of Lubrication –Types of Lubricants-Properties of Lubricants-Engineering applications

UNIT-VII

CORROSION – Mechanism- Factors influence the rate of corrosion -Types of Corrosion -Protection methods (Anodic & Cathodic protection),- Metallic Coatings - Paints, Varnishes, Enamels , Special paints.

UNIT-VIII

GREEN CHEMISTRY

Introduction-Concepts- Engineering Applications

TEXT BOOK :

1. A Text book of engineering chemistry by Srinivasulu D. Parshvapublications.

58 2010-2011



ENGINEERING DRAWING

UNIT-I

Polygons-Construction of Regular Polygons using given length of a side;Ellipse- Arcs of Circles and Oblong Methods; Scales-Vernier and DiagonalScales.

UNIT-II

Introduction to Orthographic Projections; Projections of Points; Projectionsof Straight Lines parallel to both planes; Projections of Straight Lines-Parallel to one and inclined to other plane.

UNIT-III

Projections of Straight Lines inclined to both planes, determination of truelengths, angle of inclinations and traces.

UNIT-IV

Projections of Planes; Regular Planes Perpendicular / Parallel to oneReference Plane and inclined to other Reference Plane; inclined to boththe Reference Planes.

UNIT-V

Projections of Solids-Prisms and Cylinders with the axis inclined to onePlane.

UNIT-VI

Projections of Solids- Pyramids and Cones with the axis inclined to oneplane.

UNIT-VII

Conversion of Isometric Views to Orthographic Views.

UNIT-VIII

Conversion of Orthographic Views to Isometric Projections and Views.


TEXT BOOK:

1. Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhat, Chariot Publications

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Engineering Drawing by M.B. Shah and B.C. Rana, Pearson Publishers

2. Engineering Drawing by Dhananjay A. Jolhe, Tata McGraw HillPublishers

3. Engineering Graphics for Degree by K.C. John, PHI Publishers

60 2010-2011



MATHEMATICAL METHODS

UNIT – I

Linear systems of equations: Rank-Echelon form, Normal form – Solutionof Linear Systems – Direct Methods- Gauss Elimination - Gauss Jordonand Gauss Seidal Methods.

UNIT – II

Eigen values - Eigen vectors – Properties – Cayley-Hamilton Theorem -Inverse and powers of a matrix by using Cayley-Hamilton theorem.

UNIT-III

Quadratic forms- Reduction of quadratic form to canonical form – Rank -Positive, negative definite - semi definite - index – signature.

UNIT – IV

Solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations: Introduction – TheBisection Method – The Method of False Position – The Iteration Method– Newton-Raphson Method.

UNIT-V

Interpolation: Introduction- Errors in Polynomial Interpolation – Finitedifferences- Forward Differences- Backward differences –Central differences– Symbolic relations and separation of symbols-Differences of a polynomial-Newton’s formulae for interpolation – Interpolation with unevenly spacedpoints - Lagrange’s Interpolation formula.

UNIT – VI

Numerical Differentiation and Integration – Differentiation using finitedifferences - Trapezoidal rule – Simpson’s 1/3 Rule –Simpson’s 3/8 Rule.

UNIT – VII

Numerical solution of Ordinary Differential equations: Solution by Taylor’sseries-Picard’s Method of successive Approximations-Euler’s Method-Runge-Kutta Methods –Predictor-Corrector Methods- Milne’s Method.


UNIT – VIII

Curve fitting: Fitting a straight line –Second degree curve-exponentialcurve-power curve by method of least squares.

TEXT BOOK :

1. Ravindranath, V. and Vijayalaxmi, A., A Text Book on MathematicalMethods, Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay.

REFERENCE BOOKS :

1. Rukmangadachari, E. Mathematical Methods, Pearson Education,Delhi.

2. Kreszig, Erwin, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 8 Ed. WileyStudent Edition.

3. Peter O’ Neil, Engineering Mathematics, Cengage Learning. Gordon.

62 2010-2011


I Year B. Tech. Aeronautical Engineering – II Sem.

ENGINEERING PHYSICS& ENGINEERING CHEMISTRYLABORATORY- II

PHYSICS LAB - II

Electro-Magnetism and Electronics:

1. Determine the Planck’s constant using Photo-Cell.

2. Study the variation of Magnetic Field along the axis of a solenoidcoil using Stewart - Gee’s apparatus.

3. Draw the Frequency Response curves of L-C-R Series and ParallelCircuits.

4. Determine the Time Constant for a C-R Circuit.

5. Determine the Band Gap of a Semi conductor using a p-n junctiondiode.

6. Study of Characteristic curves (l/V) of a Zener diode to determine itsBreakdown voltage.

7. Determine the Hall Coefficient of a Semiconductor.

8. Draw the characteristic curves and determine the Thermoelectriccoefficient of a Thermistor

9. Study the Seebeck and Peltier - Thermoelectric Effects and todetermine Coefficients and Thermo Electric Effect usingThermocouple.

10. Draw the Characteristic curves of a p-i-n and Avalanche PhotoDiodes.

11. Determination of Numerical Aperture and Bending losses of anOptical Fiber.

Manual Cum Record Books :

1. Manual cum Record for Engineering Phaysics Lab- II, by Prof.Sri M.Rama Rao, Acme Learning.. .

2. Lab manual - II, of Engineering Physics by Dr. Y.Aparna and


Dr.K.Venkateswara Rao (VGS Books links, Vijayawada )

CHEMISTRY LAB – II

1. PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL. INTRODUCTION TO BIOFUELS

The teacher has to perform the transesterfication reaction of FATTYACID and the Biodiesel thus produced can be used for analysis.(Please give priority to production of Biodiesel from waste cooking oil)

2. Estimation of properties of oil:

a. Acid Number

b. Viscosity

c. Saponification value

d. Aniline point

e. Flash and Fire points

f. Pour and Cloud point

3. PREPARATION OF PHENOL –FORMALDEHYDE RESIN

4. SOIL ANALYSIS:

pH, Determination of Zinc, Iron, Copper.

5. FOOD ANALYSIS:

Determination Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids, pH,etc.

All the teachers are requested to focus on bio fuels ,soil analysis andfood analysis as these are the need of 21 st century and these experimentsare so desigened to encourage students to carry out lab to land process.

Lab Manual : Engineering chemistry laboratory manual &record By

64 2010-2011

Srinivasulu . D. Parshva publications.



ENGLISH - COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB -II

UNIT-6

Dialogues

UNIT-7

Interviews

UNIT-8

Effective Telephonic Interviews

UNIT-9

Group Discussions

UNIT-10

Presentations

UNIT-11


Debates



IT WORKSHOP

Objectives:

The IT Workshop for engineers is a 6 training lab course spread over 45hours.

The modules include training on PC Hardware, Internet & World WideWeb and Productivity tools including (word processor, spread sheet,presentation sw) Word, spread sheet Excel, Power Point and Publisher.

PC Hardware Identification of basic peripherals, assembling a PC,installation of system software like MS Windows, Linux and the devicedrivers. Troubleshooting Hardware and software _ some tips and tricks .

Internet & World Wide Web: Different ways of hooking the PC on to theinternet from home and workplace and effectively usage of the internet,web browsers, email, newsgroups and discussion forums .Awareness ofcyber hygiene( protecting the personal computer from getting infectedwith the viruses), worms and other cyber attacks .

Productivity tools Crafting professional word documents; excel spreadsheets, power point presentations and personal web sites using theMicrosoft suite of office tools and LaTeX.

(Note: Student should be thoroughly exposed to minimum of 12 Tasks)

PC Hardware

Task 1: Identification of the peripherals of a computer.

To prepare a report containing the block diagram of the CPU along withthe configuration of each peripheral and its functions.

Task 2(Optional) : A practice on disassemble the components of a PC andassembling them to working condition.

Task 3 : Installation of MS windows and LINUX on a PC.

Task 4 : Exposure to Basic commands and system administration in Linux

66 2010-2011

including: Basic Linux commands in bash, Create hard and symbolic links.

Task 5 :

Hardware Troubleshooting (Demonstration):

Students have to be given a PC which does not boot due to improperassembly or defective peripherals. Identification of a problem and fixingit for getting to working condition.

Software Troubleshooting (Demonstration): Students have to be given amalfunctioning CPU due to system software problems. Identification of aproblem and fixing it for getting to working condition.

Internet & World Wide Web

Task 6 : Orientation & Connectivity Boot Camp and surfing the Webusing Web Browsers : Students should get connected to their Local AreaNetwork and access the Internet. In the process they should configure theTCP/IP setting and demonstrate how to access the websites and email.Students customize their web browsers using bookmarks, search toolbarsand pop up blockers.

Task 7: Search Engines & Netiquette : Students should know whatsearch engines are and how to use the search engines.

A few topics would be given to the students for which they need tosearch on Google.

Task 8 : Cyber Hygiene (Demonstration) : Awareness of various threatson the internet. To install an anti virus software and to configure theirpersonal firewall and windows update on their computers.

LaTeX and Word

Word Orientation : Importance of LaTeX and MS/ equivalent (FOSS) toolWord as word Processors.

Details of the four tasks and features that would be covered in each,Using LaTeX and word – Accessing, overview of toolbars, saving files,Using help and resources, rulers, format painter in word.

Task 9 : Using LaTeX and word to create project certificate. Features tobe covered:-Formatting Fonts in word, Drop Cap in word, Applying Texteffects, Using Character Spacing, Borders and Colors, Inserting Headerand Footer, Using Date and Time option in both LaTeX and Word.


Task 10: Creating project : Abstract Features to be covered:-FormattingStyles, Inserting table, Bullets and Numbering, Changing Text Direction,Cell alignment, Footnote, Hyperlink, Symbols, Spell Check , Track Changes,Images from files and clipart, Drawing toolbar and Word Art, FormattingImages, Textboxes and Paragraphs.

Excel

Excel Orientation : The mentor needs to tell the importance of MS/equivalent (FOSS) tool Excel as a Spreadsheet tool, give the details of thefour tasks and features that would be covered in each. Using Excel –

Accessing, overview of toolbars, saving excel files, Using help andresources

Task 11 : Creating a Scheduler - Features to be covered:- Gridlines,Format Cells, Summation, auto fill, Formatting Text

LOOKUP/VLOOKUP

Task 12 : Performance Analysis - Features to be covered:- Split cells,freeze panes, group and outline, Sorting, Boolean and logical operators,Conditional formatting

LaTeX and MS/equivalent (FOSS) tool Power Point

Task 13 : Students will be working on basic power point utilities and toolswhich help them create basic power point presentation. Topic coveredduring this week includes :- PPT Orientation, Slide Layouts, Inserting Text,Word Art, Formatting Text, Bullets and Numbering, Auto Shapes, Linesand Arrows, Hyperlinks, Inserting –Images, Clip Art, Tables and Charts inboth LaTeX and Powerpoint.

Task 14 : Concentrating on the in and out of Microsoft power point andpresentations in LaTeX. Helps them learn best practices in designing andpreparing power point presentation. Topic covered during this weekincludes: - Master Layouts (slide, template, and notes), Types of views(basic, presentation, slide slotter, notes etc), Inserting – Background,textures, Design Templates, Hidden slides.

REFERENCE BOOKS :

1 Scott Mueller’s Upgrading and Repairing PCs, 18/e, Scott. Mueller,QUE, Pearson,2008

2 The Complete Computer upgrade and repair book,3/e,Cheryl A

68 2010-2011

Schmidt, Dreamtech


II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering – I Sem.

MATHEMATICS – III

UNIT – I

Bessel functions – properties – Recurrence relations – Orthogonality.Legendre polynomials – Properties – Rodrigue’s formula – Recurrencerelations – Orthogonality.

UNIT-II

Functions of a complex variable – Continuity – Differentiability – Analyticity– Properties – Cauchy-Riemann equations in Cartesian and polarcoordinates. Harmonic and conjugate harmonic functions – Milne –Thompson method.

UNIT-III

Elementary functions: Exponential, trigonometric, hyperbolic functionsand their properties – General power Z C (c is complex), principal value.

UNIT-IV

Complex integration: Line integral – evaluation along a path and byindefinite integration – Cauchy’s integral theorem – Cauchy’s integralformula – Generalized integral formula.

UNIT-V

Complex power series: Radius of convergence – Expansion in Taylor’sseries, Maclaurin’s series and Laurent series. Singular point –Isolatedsingular point – pole of order m – essential singularity.

UNIT-VI

Residue – Evaluation of residue by formula and by Laurent series -Residue theorem.

Evaluation of integrals of the type


(a) Improper real integrals

dxxf )(

(b)

2

)sin,(cosc

cdf

(c)

dxxfe imx )( (d) Integrals by identation.

UNIT-VII

Argument principle – Rouche’s theorem – determination of number ofzeros of complex polynomials - Maximum Modulus principle - Fundamentaltheorem of Algebra, Liouville’s Theorem.

UNIT-VIII

Conformal mapping: Transformation by ze , lnz, z2, z n (n positive integer),Sin z, cos z, z + a/z. Translation, rotation, inversion and bilineartransformation – fixed point – cross ratio – properties – invarianceof circles and cross ratio – determination of bilinear transformationmapping 3 given points .

TEXT BOOKS

1. A Text Book of Engineering Mathematics, Shahnaz Bathul, PrenticeHall of India.

2. A Text Book of Engineering Mathematics, Vol-3 T. K. V. Iyengar, B.Krishna Gandhi and Others, S. Chand & Company.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. A Text Book of Engineering Mathematics, B. V. Raman, Tata Mc GrawHill.

70 2010-2011

2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Irvin Kreyszig, Wiley IndiaPvt. Ltd.



ELEMENTS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

UNIT –I

Stresses and strains: kinds of – stress-strains, elasticity and plasticity,Hooks law, stress –strain diagrams, modules of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio,linear and volumetric strain, relation between E, N, and K, bars of uniformstrength, compound bars and temperature stresses.

UNIT– II

Types of supports – loads – Shear force and bending moment forcantilever and simply supported beams without overhanging for all typesof loads.

Theory of simple bending, simple bending formula, Distribution ofFlexural and Shear stress in Beam section – Shear stress formula – Shearstress distribution for some standard sections

UNIT-III

Thin cylindrical shells: stress in cylindrical shells due to internal pressures,circumferential stress, longitudinal stress, design of thin cylindrical shells,spherical shells, change in dimension of the shell due to internal pressure,change in volume of the shell due to internal pressure.

Thick Cylinders : Lame’s equation- cylinders subjected to inside andoutside pressures Columns and Struts.

UNIT-IV

Steam boilers: classification of boilers, essentialities of boilers, selectionof boilers, study of boilers, Cochran boiler, Locomotive boiler, Lancashireboiler, Babcock and Wilcox boiler, boiler mountings and accessories.

UNIT-V

Reciprocating air compressors: uses of compressed air, work done insingle stage and two-stage compression, inter cooling and simple problems.

UNIT-VI


Internal combustion engines: classification of IC engines, basic enginecomponents and nomenclature, working principle of engines, Four strokesand two stroke petrol and diesel engines, comparison of CI and SIengines, comparison of four stroke and two stroke engines, simpleproblems such as indicated power, brake power, friction power, specificfuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, indicated thermal efficiencyand mechanical efficiency.

UNIT-VII

Belts –Ropes and chain: belt and rope drives, velocity ratio, slip, lengthof belt , open belt and cross belt drives, ratio of friction tensions,centrifugal tension in a belt, power transmitted by belts and ropes, initialtensions in the belt, simple problems.

UNIT-VIII

Gear trains: classification of gears, gear trains velocity ratio, simple,compound –reverted and epicyclic gear trains.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Strength of Materials and Mechanics of Structures, B.C.Punmia,Standard Publications and distributions, 9 th ed. (units I – III)

2. Thermal Engineering, Ballaney,P.L., Khanna Publishers, 2003 (UnitsIV-VI)

72 2010-2011

3. Theory of Machines , S.S. Rattan , Tata McGraw Hill (Units VII-VIII)



ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Part-A Electrical Engineering

UNIT - I

ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS: Basic definitions, Types of net work elements,Ohm’s Law, Resistive networks, Kirchhoff’s Laws, Inductive networks,capacitive networks, Series, Parallel circuits and Star-delta and delta-startransformations.

UNIT - II

DC MACHINES : Principle of operation of DC Generator – emf equation- types – DC motor types –torque equation – applications – three pointstarter.

UNIT - III

TRANSFORMERS : Principle of operation of single phase transformers– emf equation – losses –efficiency and regulation

UNIT - IV

AC MACHINES : Principle of operation of alternators – regulation bysynchronous impedance method –Principle of operation of inductionmotor – slip – torque characteristics – applications.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Basic Electrical Engineering by Nagsarkar,Sukhija, OxfordPublications,2nd edition.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Basic Electrical Engineering by M.S.Naidu and S.Kamakshiah,TMHPublications.

2. Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering by Rajendra Prasad, PHIPublications,2nd edition.


Part – B Electronics Engineering

UNIT V

DIODE AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS: PN Junction Diode, Symbol, V-I Characteristics, Diode Applications, Rectifiers – Half wave, Full waveand Bridge Rectifiers (Problems)

UNIT VI

TRANSISTORS: PNP and NPN Junction Transistor, Transistor as anAmplifier, Single Stage CE Amplifier, Frequency Response of CE Amplifier,Concepts of Feedback Amplifier, Necessary conditions for Oscillators,SCR Characteristics and applications

UNIT VII

INDUCTION HEATING: Theory of Induction Heating, Application toIndustries

DIELECTRIC HEATING: Theory of Dielectric Heating and its IndustrialApplications

ULTRASONICS: Generation, Flow detection and other Applications

UNIT VIII

TRANSDUCERS AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS: Principles of StrainGauge, LVDT, Thermocouples, Thermistors, Piezo-electric transistors, CROPrinciples and application, Voltage, Current and Frequency Measurements,Digital Multimeters.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Electronic Devices and Circuits, R.L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky,9th edition, PEI/PHI 2006.

2. Industrial Electronics by G.K. Mittal, PHI. 9th edition, PEI/PHI 2006.

74 2010-2011



MATERIALS SCIENCE

UNIT-I

Introduction: Materials Science and Engineering, Classification ofEngineering materials, Levels of Structure, Structure-Property relationshipsin materials

Crystal Geometry And Structure Determination:

Space lattice and limit cell. Bravais lattices, crystal systems with examples.Lattice coordinates, Miller indices, Bravais indices for directions andplaces: crystalline and non crystalline solids; ionic, covalent and metallicsolids; packing efficiency, ligancy and coordination number; structuredetermination by Brag’s X-ray diffraction and powder methods.

UNIT-II

Structure of Solids: The crystalline and non crystalline states

inorganic solids: Covalent solids, metals and alloys, Ionic solids, Thestructure of silica and silicates

polymers: Classification of polymers, Structure of long chain polymers,Crystallinity of long chain polymers

UNIT-III

Crystal Imperfection: Point defects, line defects-edge and screw dislocation,Burgers circuit and Burgers vectors, dislocation reaction, dislocationmotion, multiplication of dislocations during deformation , role of dislocationon crystal properties; surface defects, dislocations on crystal properties;surface defects; dislocation density and stress required to movedislocations.

UNIT-IV

Phase diagrams: The Phase rule, single component systems, binary phasediagrams, microstructural changes during cooling, The lever rule, sometypical phase diagrams, other applications of phase diagrams.

UNIT-V

Elastic, Anelastic and Visco elastic behavior: Elastic Behavior : Atomicmodel of elastic behavior, the modulous as a parameter in design, rubberlike elasticity, Anelastic behavior: Relaxation processes


Viscoelastic behavior: Spring-dashpot modelsUNIT-VIPlastic deformation and Creep in crystalline materials:Plastic deformation: the tensile stress-strain curve, Plastic deformation byslip, the shear strength of perfect and real crystals, the stress to move adislocation, the effect of temperature on the stress to move a dislocation,multiplication of dislocations during deformation, work hardening anddynamic recovery, the effect of grain size on dislocation motion, the effectof solute atoms on dislocation motion, the effect of precipitate particleson dislocation motion. Creep: Mechanisms of Creep, creep resistantmaterialsUNIT-VIIFracture: Ductile fracture, Brittle fracture, fracture toughness, the ductile-brittle transition, methods of protection against failure, fatigue fracture.Oxidation and Corrosion: Mechanisms of Oxidation, Oxidation resistantmaterials; Corrosion: Principle of Corrosion, types of corrosion, protectionagainst corrosion.Shaping, Strengthening and toughening processes: Solution hardening,Strain hardening and Annealing: cold work, Recrystallization,Recrystallization temperatures, Recrystallization rates, Processing Strain-Hardenable materialsUNIT-VIIIprecipitation hardening: Age hardening, Overaging, combined hardening,heat Treatments of steels: Annealing processes, Quenching and Temperingprocess, Hardenability of Steels: Hardenability curves, use of hardenabilitycurves, Tempered hardeness.Introduction to Nano-materials, Synthesis of nano-materials,Characterization of nano-materialsTEXT BOOK:1. Materials Science and Engineering; V. Raghavan; 5th Edition, PHI,

New Delhi (2009)REFERENCE BOOK:1. Elements of Material Science and Engineering, Lawrence H. Van

Vlack, 6th Edition, Prentice Hall India, New Delhi (1989)

76 2010-2011


CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS

UNIT-I

Stoichiometric relation: basis of calculations, methods of expressingcompositions of mixtures and solutions, density and specific gravity,Baume and API gravity scales.

Behavior of Ideal gases: Kinetic theory of gases, application of ideal gaslaw, gaseous mixtures, gases in Petrochemical reactions.

UNIT-II

Vapor pressure: Liquefaction and liquid state, vaporization, boiling point,effect of temperature on vapor pressure, Antoine equation, vapor pressureplots, estimation of critical properties, vapor pressure of immiscible liquidsand ideal solutions, Raoult’s law. Non-volatile solutes.

UNIT-III

Humidity and Saturation: Relative and percentage saturation or dew point,wet bulb and dry bulb temperature, use of humidity charts for engineeringcalculations.

UNIT-IV

Material balances: Tie substance, Yield, conversion, processes involvingPetrochemical reactions.

UNIT-V

Material balance calculation involving drying, dissolution andcrystallization. Processes involving recycles, bypass and purge

UNIT-VI

Thermophysics: Energy, energy balances, heat capacity of gases, liquidand mixture solutions. Kopp’s rule, latent heats, heat of fusion and heatof vaporization, Trouton’s rule, Kistyakowsky equation for non polarliquids enthalpy and its evaluation.

UNIT-VII

Thermochemistry: Calculation and applications of heat of reaction,combustion, formation and neutralization, Kirchoff’s equation, enthalpyconcentration change, calculation of theoretical and actual flametemperatures.


UNIT-VIII

Combustion Calculations: Introduction, fuels, calorific value of fuels, coal,liquid fuels, gaseous fuels, air requirement and flue gases, combustioncalculations, incomplete combustion, material and energy balances, thermalefficiency calculations.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Chemical Process Principles, Part -I, Material and Energy Balancesby Hougen O A, Watson K.M. and Ragatz R.A. 2nd Ed., CbsPublishers & Distributors, New Delhi (2010)

REFERENCE BOOK:

1. Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering by D.H.Himmelblau, 7th Ed. PHI, New Delhi ( 2009)

78 2010-2011



ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

UNIT I:

Polar effects – Inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance, Hyperconjugation, steric inhibition of resonance – examples.

UNIT II:

Electrophilic reactions: a) Friedel-Craft reaction b) Riemer- Teimenn Reactionc) Backmann rearrangement.

UNIT –III:

Nucleophillic reaction : a) Aldol condensation b) Perkin Reaction c)Benzoin condensation.

UNIT – IV:

1. Free radical reaction a) Halogenation of Alkane b) Addition of HBr toAlkene in the presence of peroxide.

2. Allylic halogenation Using N-Bromo succinamide (NBS) 3) Thermalhalogenation of Alkanes.

UNIT – V:

Stereo isomerism; Optical isomerism; Symmetry and chirality; Opticalisomerism in lactic acid and tartaric acid; Sequence rules; Enantiomers,diastereomers; Geometrical Isomerism; E-Z system of nomenclature,conformational analysis of ethane and Cyclohexane.

UNIT – VI:

Polymerization Reactions – Basic concepts. Types of Polymerization –Addtion and Condensation Polymerizations. Plastics- Thermosetting andThermoplastics - Differences. Compounding, Moulding of Plastics-Compression, injection, transfer, and Extrusion molding methods.Preparation, Properties and Engineering use of the Following: Polyethylene,PVC, Teflon, Bekelite, Nylon, Polyster, Polyurethane and Silicone Resins,Rubber - Procesing of Natural Rubber, Vulcanization and Compunding.Elastomers-Buna S, Buna N, Thiokol, Polyurethane Rubber.


UNIT – VII:

Heterocyclic compounds and Nomenclature: Preparation, Properties anduses of (1) Pyrrole (2) Furan (3) Thiophene (4) Pyridine (5) Quinoline (6)Iso-quinoline.

UNIT – VIII

Dyes - Colour and Constituion ; Classification of Dyes, Preparation anduses of (1) Malachite green (2) Rosaniline (3) Congored (4) Bismark brown(5) Flroroscien.

TEXTBOOK:

1. Organic Chemistry – Robert Thornton Morrison, Robert NeilsonBoyd, 6th Edition, Pearson (1992)

REFERENCE BOOK:

1. Organic Chemistry Vol- I, 6th Ed., I.L. Finar, Pearson (1973)

80 2010-2011



BASIC ENGINEERING (Mech+Elec) LABORATORY

Any SIX experiments from each section

Section A : Mechanical Engineering Laboratory:

1. Draw the value timing diagram of a 4-stroke diesel engine and porttiming diagram of a 2-stroke petrol engine.

2. Perform load test at full load, half load, 1/4 load on a 4-stroke Rustonengine and draw the performance curves.

3. I.C. Engines heat balance.4. Economical speed test of an IC engine.5. Performance test on variable compression ratio engines.6. Study of boilers.7. Find the volumetric efficiency, isothermal efficiency of the given

compressor.8. To determine the moment of inertia of a fly-wheel and shaft

experimentally and compare the values with the calculated values.9. To determine the modulus of rigidity of the material of the wire by

torsional oscillators.Section B : Electrical Engineering Laboratory:The following experiments are required to be conducted as compulsoryexperiments :1. Swinburne’s test on D.C. Shunt machine. (Predetermination of

efficiency of a given D.C. Shunt machine working as motor andgenerator).

2. OC and SC tests on single phase transformer (Predetermination ofefficiecy and regulation at given power factors)

3. Brake test on 3-phase Induction motor (Determination of performancecharacteristics)

4. Regulation of alternator by Synchronous impedance method.5. Speed control of D.C. Shunt motor by

a) Armature Voltage control b) Field flux control method6. Brake test on D.C Shunt Motor




CHEMISTRY-III LABORATORY

1. Determination of rate constant of hydrolysis of ester.

2. Study of reaction between persulphate and iodide.

3. Conductometric titration (a) strong acid v/s strong base.

4. Conductometric titration (b) Weak acid v/s strong base.

5. Determination of distribution coefficient of iodine between water andcarbon tetrachloride.

6. Potentiometric titration between potassium dichromate and ferrousiron.

7. Study of inversion of sucrose by Polarimeter.

8. Phase diagram of phenol - water system.

9. Qualitative analysis of simple organic compounds by followingsystematic procedure

10. Prepartion of Organic/Medicinal Compounds

A. Asprin

B. Azodye

C. Acetanilide

D. Thiokol Rubber

E. Paracetomal

82 2010-2011



ENGLISH COMMUNICATION PRACTICE-ILIFE, LANGUAGE AND CULTURE EXPLORATIONS-I

Purpose of the Course: English for Semesters 3 is designed to provide thelearners an opportunity to enhance their language skills through a readingof literary texts which will also help them relate themselves to differentcultures vis-à-vis their own. Independent reading is also expected toincrease spontaneity in expression among the learners.Objectives: The Course aims at exposing the learners to nuances inculture, inculcating the habit of independent reading which provides thelearners an opportunity to develop critical thinking and analytical skillsthat can be applied to any subject.Content of the course: The literary pieces are carefully chosen from acrosscultures as samples of contemporary life and issues of global interest.This is meant to encourage students to relate language to personalitydevelopment. In all, five stories have been selected for EnglishCommunication Practice.Topics: Culture and traditions, philosophy, familial relationships, ethics,inter-personal relationships, ability to face disaster and poverty, tolerance.Time frame/Hours of instruction: 2hrs per week (for pre-reading and postreading tasks of the lessons). Total number of hours per semester - 32.Time Allocation: Reading of the text should be done at home. The classhours are meant for discussion, analysis and related activities. Projectshould be completed in consultation with the teacher.Evaluation: The learner will be assessed on a continuous basis by wayof projects and work-sheets given at the end of each story.Stories selected for English Communication Practice Life, Language and Culture:1. The Cop and the Anthem by O. Henry2. The Festival of the Sacred Tooth Relic in Sri Lanka(based on the Travelogues of FA Hien Compiled by Ashok JainAssistedby Dhurjjati Sarma) 3.The Hawk and the Tree by Mohammad AzamRahnaward Zaryab4. To Be or Not To Be by Zaheda Hina5. Bade Bhai Saab(My Elder Brother) by Munshi PremchandRecommended Book: Life, Language and Culture Explorations-I, CengageLearning India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.




‘PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND MORALS -I

UNIT - I

What is profession? - Engineering and Professionalism - Two models ofProfessionalism - Three Types of Ethics or Morality – The Negative faceof Engineering Ethics - The Positive Face of Engineering Ethics -Responsibility in Engineering - Engineering Standards - The StandardCare – Blame-Responsibility and causation

UNIT - II

Engineering Ethics – Variety of moral issues – types of inquiry moraldilemmas – moral autonomy – The problems of Many Hands – Kohlburg’stheory – Gilligan’s theory Impediments to Responsible Action

UNIT - III

Engineering as social experimentation – Framing the problem – Determiningthe facts codes of ethics – clarifying Concepts – Application issues –Common Ground – General principles – Utilitarian thinking respect forpersons

UNIT - IV

Engineer’s Responsibility for Safety – Social and Value dimensions ofTechnology - Technology Pessimism – The Perils of TechnologicalOptimism – The Promise of Technology – Computer Technology Privacyand Social Policy – Risk Benefit Analysis – Collegiality and loyalty–

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, “Ethics in Engineering” McGrawHill

2. Charles E Harris, Micheal J Rabins, “Engineering Ethics, CengageLearning".

3. Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, “Fundamentals of Ethics forScientists and Engineers, Oxford University Press.

4. PSR Murthy, “Indian Culture Values and Professional Ethics”, BSPublications

84 2010-2011

5. Caroline Whitback< Ethics in Engineering Practice and Research,Cambridgs University Press,.

6. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, "Ethics in Engineering" McGrawHill.

7. Charles D Fleddermann, "Engineering Ethics", Prentice Hall.

8. George Reynolds, "Ethics in Information Technology", CengageLearning.



II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering – II Sem.

PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS

UNIT-I

Probability: Sample space and events – Probability – The axioms ofprobability – Some Elementary theorems - Conditional probability – Baye’stheorem.

UNIT-II

Random variables – Discrete and continuous distributions - Distributionfunction.

UNIT-III

Binomial, Poisson, normal distribution – related properties. Momentgenerating function, Moments of standard distributions – properties.

UNIT-IV

Population and samples. Sampling distribution of mean (with known andunknown variance), proportion, variances. - Sampling distribution ofsums and differences. Point and interval estimators for means, variances,proportions.

UNIT-V

Statistical Hypothesis – Errors of Type I and Type II errors and calculation.One tail, two-tail tests. Testing hypothesis concerning means, proportionsand their differences using Z-test.

UNIT-VI

Tests of hypothesis using Student’s t-test, F-test and test.. Test ofindependence of attributes - ANOVA for one-way and two-way classifieddata.

UNIT-VII

Statistical Quality Control methods – Methods for preparing controlcharts – Problems using x-bar, p, R charts and attribute charts – SimpleCorrelation and Regression.

86 2010-2011

UNIT-VIII

Queuing Theory: Pure Birth and Death Process M/M/1 Model and SimpleProblems.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Probability and Statistics for Engineers, Miller and John E. Freund,Prentice Hall of India.

2. Probability and Statistics, D. K. Murugeson & P. Guru Swamy,Anuradha Publishers.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Probability, Statistics and Random processes. T. Veerrajan, TataMc.Graw Hill, India.

2. Probability, Statistics and Queuing theory applications for ComputerSciences 2 ed, Trivedi, John Wiley.




PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

UNIT- I: Distribution Law:

Distribution Law – Nernst Distribution Law – Distribution Coefficient –Explanation and Limitations of Distribution Law - Modification ofDistribution Law – Determination of Equilibrium Constant from DistributionCoefficient – Applications of Distribution Law.

UNIT II: Phase Rule:

Phase Rule – Terms involved in Phase Rule – Types of Liquids –Derivation of Phase Rule – Phase Diagrams of One Component (Water andSulphur system), Two Component System – Eutectic Point (Lead SilverSystem) and three component system. Applications of Phase Rule.

UNIT III: Chemical Kinetics:

Introduction to Chemical Kinetics – Theories of Reaction Rates – CollisionTheory – Modified Collision Theory – Absolute Reaction Rate Theory(Transition State Theory) – Reaction between Ions – Influenece ofSolvent (Double Sphere Activated Complex and Single Sphere ActivatedComplex) – Influence of Ionic Strength on the Rate of the Reactions -Chain Reactions – Hydrogen and Bromine, Hydrogen and Oxygen (SteadyState Treatment) – Explosion Limits.

UNIT IV: Colloidal State:

Definition of Colloids, Classification of Colloids, Solids in liquids (sols) –Properties, kinetics, optical and Electrical; Stability of Colloids, ProtectiveAction, Hardy – Schultz Law, Gold Number. Liquids in Liquids (Emulsions)– Types of Emulsions, Preparation , Emulsifier, Liquid in Solids (gels) –classification, Preparation and Properties, General Applications of Colloids.

UNIT V: Electrochemistry – I:

Ohms Law – Conductance – Specific Conductance – EquivalentConductance – Molecular Conductance and its determination – TransportNumber and its Determination – Kohlrauschs Law, its Application –Conductometric Titrations – Applications of Conductivity Measurements.

88 2010-2011

UNIT VI: Electrochemistry – II:

EMF; Galvanic cells, Spontaneity, Reversible & irreversible cells,Measurement of EMF, Standard Electrode potential, concentration cells,batteries, fuel cell, hydrogen oxygen fuel cell, photgalvanic cell, photovoltaiccells.

UNIT VII: Catalysis:

Homogeneous Catalysis – Catalysis by electron and group transfer insolution – Acid-Base Catalysis – Protolytic and Prototropic Mechanism,Enzyme Catalysis – Specificity – Examples – Influence of Concentration(Michaelis Constant) – Influence of pH – Influence of Temperature.

UNIT VIII: Voltammetry:

Principle of Micro electrolysis, polarization, Dropping Mercury Electrode,Polarograph, Half Wave Potential, IIlkovic Equation, Qualitative analysisand Quantitative analysis, Standard addition technique and Applications,amperometric titrations.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Physical Chemistry – Thomas Engel & Philip Reid, Pearson EducationInc. (2006).

REFERENCE BOOK:

1. Elements of Physical Chemistry, Samuel Glasstone & David Lewis,Van Nostrand, Revised 2nd Edition, 1962.




MOMENTUM TRANSFER

UNIT –I

Unit operations and unit processes, unit systems, basic concepts, natureof fluids, hydrostatic equilibrium, applications of fluid statics: U-Tube andInclined Manometers, Decanters, Centrifuges.

UNIT- II

Fluid flow phenomena-Laminar flow, Shear rate, Shear stress, Rheologicalproperties of fluids, Turbulence, Boundary layers.

UNIT- III

Basic equation of fluid flow –Mass balance in a flowing fluid; continuity,differential momentum balance; equations of motion, Macroscopicmomentum balances, Mechanical energy equations

UNIT-IV

Incompressible Flow in pipes and channels- shear stress and skin frictionin pipes, laminar flow in pipes and channels, turbulent flow in pipes andchannels, friction from changes in velocity or direction.

UNIT-V

Non Newtonian Fluids: Time Independent and Time dependent fluids,frictional losses in contractions, expansions and fittings, Velocity profiles,Flow properties using rotational viscometer, Dimensional Analysis.

UNIT-VI

Flow past immersed bodies, Drag and Drag coefficient, flow through bedsof solids, motion of particles through fluids. Fluidization, Conditions forfluidization, Minimum fluidization velocity, Types of fluidization, Expansionof fluidized bed, Applications of fluidization. Continuous fluidization;slurry and pneumatic transport

UNIT-VII

Transportation and Metering of fluids- Pipes, fittings and valves, pumps:positive displacement pumps, and centrifugal pumps. Measurement offlowing fluids- full bore meters, insertion meters.

90 2010-2011

UNIT-VIII

Flow of compressible fluids- Definitions and basic equations, Processesof compressible flow, Isentropic flow through nozzles, adiabatic frictionalflow, and isothermal frictional flow. Fans, blowers, and compressors,

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering by W.L.McCabe, J.C.Smith& Peter Harriot, McGraw-Hill, 6th ed, 2001.

2. Transport Processes and Unit Operations, Christie J. Geankoplis,PHI (For Unit-V).




MECHANICAL UNIT OPERATIONS

UNIT-I

Agitation and mixing of liquids: Agitation of liquids, circulation velocities,power consumption in agitated vessels, purpose of Agitation, types ofimpellers.

Blending and mixing of liquids, suspension of solid particles, dispersionoperations

UNIT -II

Properties, handling and mixing of particulate solids: Characterization ofsolid particles, properties of particulate masses, storage of solids andmixing of solids, types of mixers, mixers for non-cohesive solids and mixersfor cohesive solids.

UNIT -III

Size reduction: Principles, criteria for comminution, characteristics ofcomminution, size reduction equipment-crushers, grinders, ultra finegrinders, cutting machines, Equipment operation.

Screening: Screening, Industrial screening equipments, general factors inselecting an screening equipment, comparison of ideal and actual screens,material balance over a screen and screening efficiency.

UNIT –IV

Filtration: Cake filters, centrifugal filters, filter aids, clarifying filters, liquidclarification, and gas cleaning.

UNIT –V

Principles of cake filtration, principles of clarification and principles ofcentrifugal filtration

UNIT -VI

Separations based on motion of particles through fluids: Gravitysedimentation process: gravity classifiers, sorting classifiers, clarifiers andthickeners, Equipment for sedimentation, clarifier and thickener design.

Centrifugal settling process: Separations of solids from gases: Cyclones,

92 2010-2011

Separations of solids from liquids: Hydroclones, principles of centrifugalsedimentation, centrifugal classifiers.

UNIT –VII

Transportation of solids: Belt, screw, apron conveyers, bucket elevators,pneumatic conveyors. (Qualitative treatment)

UNIT -VIII

Electrostatic separation: Principle, charging by contact electrification,charging by conductive induction, charging by ion bombardment, typesof equipment, effect of humidity, applications of process.

Flotation: General description, flotation reagents, applications, flotationmachines, capacities, flotation economics.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Unit Operations in Chemical Engineering, W.L. McCabe and J.C.Smith and Peter Harriott, McGraw Hill, 6th ed. 2001.

REFERENCE BOOK:

1. Unit Operations, G.G. Brown, CBS Publishers, 1995.




CHEMISTRY OF PETROLEUM REFINING

UNIT-I

Petroleum formation – properties and general characteristics – petroleumcomposition – separation by molecular weight – separation by moleculartype – composition maps : predicting properties, separation and conversionfrom composition maps

UNIT-II

Petroleum analysis and evaluation – ASTM evaluation – ultimate analysis– volatility - density and specific gravity – viscosity – carbon residue –metal contents – separation methods and other tests

UNIT-III

Metal and hetero-atoms in heavy crude oils – hetero-atom concentrationsin petroleum fractions – structures of heteroatoms functions: structure ofsurface compounds – structures of nitrogen compounds – structures ofmetal compounds

UNIT-IV

Asphaltenes and structure of petroleum – compositions and structuralstudies

UNIT-V

Thermal chemistry of petroleum constituents – visbreaking – cokining –hydro treating - hydro cracking

UNIT-VI

Chemistry of upgrading processes – carbon rejections- hydrogen addition

UNIT-VII

Hydrocracking reactions and catalysis – hydro cracking chemistry- strongacid cracking of hydrocarbons – solid strong acid catalysis- hydrodenitrogenations.

94 2010-2011

UNIT-VIII

Distillation products – influences of heteroatoms functions- oxygen –sulphur species - nitrogen species and condensation reactions.

TEXT BOOK

1. Petroleum Chemistry and Refining, James G Speight, Taylor andFrancis, 1998.




CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS– I

UNIT-I:

Introduction: The scope of thermodynamics, defined quantities;temperature, volume, pressure, work, energy, heat, Joules Experiments, SIunits.

UNIT-II:

The first law and other basic concepts: The first law of thermodynamics,thermodynamic state and state functions, enthalpy, the steady-state steady-flow process, equilibrium, the reversible process, constant-V and constant-P processes, heat capacity.

UNIT-III:

Volumetric properties of pure fluids: The PVT behavior of pure substances,virial equations, the ideal gas, the applications of the virial equations,Cubic equations of state, generalized correlations for gases.

UNIT-IV:

The second law of thermodynamics: Statements of the second law, heatengines, thermodynamic temperature scales, thermodynamic temperatureand the ideal-gas scale, Entropy, Entropy changes of an ideal gas,mathematical statement of the second law, the third law of thermodynamics.Mollier diagram and steam tables.

UNIT-V

Thermodynamic Properties of Fluids: Property relations for homogeneousphases, Residual properties, Generalized property correlations for gases.

UNIT-VI:

Thermodynamics of flow processes; principles of conservation of massand energy for flow systems, analysis of expansion processes; turbines,throttling; compression processes –compressors and pumps; calculationof ideal work and last work. Examples on hydrocarbons and natural gas.

UNIT-VII:

Production of Power from Heat: Vapor Power Cycle: Simple Steam power

96 2010-2011

cycle, Rankine cycle, comparison of Rankine & Carnot cycles. Regenerativecycle.

UNIT-VIII:

Refrigeration and liquefaction: The Carnot refrigerator, the vaporcompression cycle, the comparison of refrigeration cycles, the choice ofrefrigerant, absorption refrigeration, the heat pump, liquefaction processes.

TEXTBOOK:

1. Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, J.M.Smithand HC Van Ness, M.M. Abbott, 7th ed, McGraw Hill, 2010.

REFERENCE BOOK:

1. Engineering and Chemical Thermodynamics, M.D. Koretsky, JohnWiley & Sons, 2004.




MOMENTUM TRANSFER LAB

1. Determination of discharge coefficient for orifice meter and venturimeter and their variation with Reynolds number

2. a) Determination of weir meter constant K for V-Notch andrectangular notch

b) Calibration of rotameter and study of variation of flow rate withtube to float diameter.

3. Determination of Glycerol- water solution at different temperatures.

4. Determination of friction factor for flow of water through annulususing Fanning’s and Darcy’s equations.

5. Determination of friction factor for flow through straight pipes ofdifferent diameters and study of variation of friction factor withReynolds number

6. Determination friction losses in pipe fittings

7. Determination of clearance volume and efficiency of an air compressor

8. Determination of characteristic curves for centrifugal pumps.

9. A) Determination of friction factor for packed beds.

B) Determination of minimum fluidization velocity

10. Determination of pressure drop through helical coils

11. Determination of velocity profile of air in pipe by pitot tube

12. Determination of critical velocity by Reynolds experiments

98 2010-2011

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYKAKINADA


PETROLEUM ANALYSIS LAB

1. Determination of Distillation characteristics of Crude Oil & Gasoline

2. Determination of Reid Vapor Pressure of Crude oil & Gasoline

3. Determination of Viscosity of Diesel and transformer oils

4. Determination of Smoke Point of Kerosene

5. Determination of Carbon Residue of petroleum oils

6. Determination of Flash & Fire points of gasoline, kerosene andother products.

7. Estimation of water content in petroleum products.

8. Estimation of calorific value of LPG

9. Determination of Aniline point of Gasoline and Diesel oil

10. Determination of Softening point of bitumen

11. Determination of Cloud & Pour Points of petroleum products

12. Detection of Corrosiveness of petroleum products




ENGLISH COMMUNICATION PRACTICE - II

Name of the Course: Explorations II

Life, Language and Culture

Purpose of the Course: English for Semester 4 is designed to provide thelearners an opportunity to enhance their language skills through a readingof literary texts which will also help them relate themselves to differentcultures vis-à-vis their own. Independent reading is also expected toincrease spontaneity in expression among the learners.

Objectives: The Course aims at exposing the learners to nuances inculture, inculcating the habit of independent reading which provides thelearners an opportunity to develop critical thinking and analytical skillsthat can be applied to any subject.

Content of the course: The literary pieces are carefully chosen from acrosscultures as samples of contemporary life and issues of global interest.This is meant to encourage students to relate language to personalitydevelopment. In all, five literary pieces for Explorations II have beenselected and another showcasing a holistic approach to life that can helpone develop into better individuals and professionals.

Topics: Culture and traditions, philosophy, familial relationships, ethics,inter-personal relationships, ability to face disaster and poverty, tolerance.

Time frame/Hours of instruction: 2 hrs per week (for pre-reading andpost reading tasks of the lessons). Total number of hours per semester -32.

Time Allocation for each unit: Reading of the text should be done athome. The class hours are meant for discussion, analysis and relatedactivities. Project should be completed in consultation with the teacher.

The title of the book

Explorations- II Life, Language and Culture

100 2010-2011

The stories included are

1. Morning Bells by Jayashree Mohanraj

2.The Power of the Plate of Rice by Ifeoma Okoye

3. Famadihana and the Other Rituals by Jayashree Mohanraj

4. Dial “000” by Barry Rosenberg

5. Tsunami Religion by Anjali Prashar

TEXT BOOK:

Life, Language and Culture : Explorations -2 , Cengage Learning IndiaPvt. Ltd., New Delhi.




PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND MORALS -II

UNIT - I

Human Values - Morals, Values, and Ethics – Integrity - Work Ethic –Service Learning – Civic Virtue – Respect for Others – Living Peacefully– caring – Sharing – Honesty – Courage – Valuing Time – Co-operation– Commitment – Empathy – Self-Confidence – Spirituality – Character

UNIT - II

Engineering Ethics – consensus – controversy – Models of ProfessionalRoles – theories about right action – Self – interest – customs andreligion – uses of ethical theories

UNIT - IIIEngineer’s Responsibility for Rights - respect for authority – conflicts ofinterest- Occupational crime – professional rights and employee rights –Communicating Risk and Public Policy- collective bargaining

UNIT - IV

Global Issues- Multinational Corporations – Environmental Ethics –Engineers as Managers , Advisors, and experts witnesses – moral leadershipsample code of ethics like ASME, ASCE, IEEE, IETE, Institute of Engineers– Problem of Bribery, Extortion and Grease payments – Problem ofNepotism, Excessive Gifts – Paternalism – Different business practices –Negotiating Taxes.

BOOKS:

1. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, “Ethics in Engineering” McGrawHill

2. Charles E Harris, Micheal J Rabins, “Engineering Ethics, CengageLearning".

3. Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, “Fundamentals of Ethics forScientists and Engineers, Oxford University Press.

4. PSR Murthy, “Indian Culture Values and Professional Ethics”, BSPublications

102 2010-2011

5. Caroline Whitback< Ethics in Engineering Practice and Research,Cambridgs University Press,.

6. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, "Ethics in Engineering" McGrawHill.

7. Charles D Fleddermann, "Engineering Ethics", Prentice Hall.

8. George Reynolds, "Ethics in Information Technology", CengageLearning.



III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering – I Sem.

PROCESS HEAT TRANSFER

UNIT-I:

Introduction: Nature of heat flow, conduction, convection, natural andforced convection, radiation.

Heat transfer by conduction in Solids: Fourier’s law, thermal conductivity,steady state conduction in plane wall & composite walls, compoundresistances in series, heat flow through a cylinder, conduction in spheres,thermal contact resistance, plane wall: variable conductivity

Unsteady state heat conduction: Equation for one-dimensional conduction,Semi-infinite solid, finite solid.

UNIT- II:

Principles of heat flow in fluids: Typical heat exchange equipment,countercurrent and parallel current flows, energy balances, rate of heattransfer, overall heat transfer coefficient, electrical analogy, critical radiusof insulation, logarithmic mean temperature difference, variable overallcoefficient, multi-pass exchangers, individual heat transfer coefficients,resistance form of overall coefficient, fouling factors, classification ofindividual heat transfer coefficients, magnitudes of heat transfer coefficients,effective coefficients for unsteady-state heat transfer.

UNIT- III:

Heat Transfer to Fluids without Phase change: Regimes of heat transferin fluids, thermal boundary layer, heat transfer by forced convection inlaminar flow, heat transfer by forced convection in turbulent flow, thetransfer of heat by turbulent eddies and analogy between transfer ofmomentum and heat, heat transfer to liquid metals, heating and cooling offluids in forced convection outside tubes.

UNIT- IV:

Natural convection: Natural convection to air from vertical shapes andhorizontal planes, effect of natural convection in laminar-flow heat transfer,free convection in enclosed spaces, mixed free & forced convection.

104 2010-2011

UNIT- V:

Heat transfer to fluids with phase change: Heat transfer from condensingvapors, heat transfer to boiling liquids.

UNIT- VI:

Heat exchange equipment: General design of heat exchange equipment,heat exchangers, condensers, boilers and calendrias, extended surfaceequipment, heat transfer in agitated vessels, scraped surface, heatexchangers, heat transfer in packed beds, heat exchangers effectiveness(NTU method)

UNIT- VII

Evaporators: Evaporators, performance of tubular evaporators, capacityand economy, vapors recompression, Crystallization equipment

UNIT- VIII

Radiation: Introduction, properties and definitions, black body radiation,real surfaces and the gray body, absorption of radiation by opaque solids,radiation between surfaces, radiation shielding, radiation to semi transparentmaterials, combined heat transfer by conduction, convection and radiation.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering by McCabe & Smith, 6thEdition ,McGraw-Hill, 2001

2. Heat Transfer, Y.V.C.Rao, Universities Press (India) Pvt. Ltd., 2001

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Process heat transfer, D.Q.Kern, Tata- McGraw-Hill, 1997

2. Heat Transfer, J.P.Holman, 9th Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2008

3. Schaum’s Outline of Heat Transfer, Donald Pitts, L.E.Sissom, 2nd

Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1998

1. A Text Book on Heat Transfer, S.P. Sukhatme, 5th Edition, UniversitiesPress (India) Pvt. Ltd., 2005.

4. Heat Transfer: Principles and Applications, Binay Dutta, K., 1st

Edition, Phi Learning, 2009.

5. Chemical Engineering-Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer and Mass Transfer-Vol.1, 6th Edition, Coulson & Richardson, Elsevier India, 2006.




PETROLEUM REFINERY ENGINEERING

UNIT-I

Introduction: Overall refinery operations & Indian scenario.

Refinery feed stocks: Crude oil classification-Composition and properties-Composition of petroleum crude suitable for asphalt manufacture - Crudedistillation curves.

UNIT-II

Low boiling products – Gasoline – Gasoline specifications – Distillatefuels – Jet and turbine fuels – Automotive diesel fuels; Heating oils –Residual fuel oils; wax and asphalt-Product blending.

UNIT-III

Crude distillation: Atmosphere topping unit – Vacuum distillation –Auxiliary equipment – Products of these two units.

UNIT-IV

Thermal & catalytic processes: Visbreaking, Hydrovisbreaking, Thermalcracking – Catalytic cracking fluidized bed catalytic cracking andHydrocracking - Feed stocks – Feed treating – Catalysts processvariables – Yield estimation-Latest developments in cracking processes.

Coking: Types petroleum coke-Properties and uses process description ofdelayed coking - Flexicoking and fluid coking – Yields.

UNIT-V

Hydroprocessing and resid processing: Composition of vacuum towerbottoms – Processing options – Hydroprocessing options – Moving bedhydro processes – Solvent extraction Hydrotreating catalysts – aromaticsreduction – Process variables.

UNIT-VI

Catalytic reforming and isomerization: Catalytic reforming processes –Feed preparation & catalysts – Yields-Isomerization Processes and yields.

106 2010-2011

UNIT-VII

Alkylation and polymerization: Alkylation feed stocks – Products –Catalysts – Hydrofluoric Acid and sulfuric acid alkylation processes –Comparison of processes-Polymerization processes.

UNIT-VIII

Supporting processes: Hydrogen production and purification – Gasprocessing unit - Acid gas removal – Sulfur recovery processes – Wastewater treatment and control of atmospheric pollution.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Petroleum Refining: Technology and Economics, J.H. Gary andG.E.Handwerk, 4th Edition, Marcel Dekkar, Inc., New York, 2001.

REFERENCES BOOKS:

1. Petroleum Refinery Engineering, W.L.Nelson, 4th Edition, McGrawHill, New York, 1958.

2. Handbook of Petroleum Refining Processes, Third edition, Robert A.Meyers, McGraw-Hill, 2003.

3. Modern Petroleum Refining processes, 5th Edition, B. K. BhaskaraRao, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2008.

4. Petroleum Refining Processes, Rakesh Rathi, SBS, Publishers, 2007.

5. Petroleum Refining: Crude Oil Petroleum Products, Process FlowSheets, Jean-Pierre Wauquier, Editions Technip, 1995.

6. Practical Advances in Petroleum Processing, Chang S. Hsu and PaulRobinson, Vol. 1 & 2, Springer, 2006.

7. Thermal and Catalytic Processes in Petroleum Refining, Serge Raseev,Marcel Dekkar, Inc., 2003.

8. Fundamentals of Petroleum Refining, Mohammed A. Fahim, Taher A.Al-Sahhaf, Amal Elkilani, Elsevier Science, 2009.

9. Handbook of Petroleum Processing, David S. J. Jones, Peter P.Pujado, Springer, 2006.

10. Refining Processes Handbook, Surinder Parkash, Gulf ProfessionalPublishing, 2003.

11. Petroleum Refining, Andrew Campbell, Rarebooksclub.com, 2012.




CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS –II

UNIT –I:

Heat effects: Sensible heat effects, Internal energy of ideal gases:Microscopic view, Latent heats of pure substances, heat effects ofindustrial reactions, heat effects of mixing processes.

UNIT-II:

Standard heat of reaction, Standard heat of formation, Standard heat ofcombustion, temperature dependence of heat of reaction

UNIT-III:

Solution thermodynamics: Theory: Fundamental property relation,Petrochemical potential as a criterion for phase equilibrium, partialproperties, ideal gas mixtures, fugacity and fugacity coefficient for purespecies, fugacity and fugacity coefficient for species in solutions,generalized correlations for Fugacity coefficient, The ideal solutions,excess properties.

UNIT –IV:

Solution thermodynamics: applications: the liquid phase properties fromVLE data, models for the excess Gibbs energy, property changes of mixing

UNIT –V:

VLE at low to moderate pressures: The nature of equilibrium, the phaserule, Duhems theorem, VLE:Qualitative behavior, the gamma /Phi formulationof VLE, Dew point and bubble point calculations, flash calculations, solute(1)/solvent (2) systems

UNIT –VI:

Thermodynamic properties and VLE from equations of state: propertiesof fluids from the virial equations of state, properties of fluids from cubicequations of state, fluid properties from correlations of the Pitzer type,VLE from cubic equations of state

UNIT –VII:

Topics in phase equilibria: Equilibrium and stability, liquid-liquid equilibrium

108 2010-2011

(LLE), vapor- liquid–liquid equilibrium (VLLE), solid-liquid equilibrium(SLE), solid vapor equilibrium (SVE), equilibrium absorption of gases onsolids

UNIT –VIII

Chemical Reaction Equilibria: The reaction coordinate, applicationequilibrium criterion to Petrochemical reactions, the standard Gibb’s energychange and the equilibrium constant, effect of temperature on equilibriumconstants, relation of equilibrium constants to composition, equilibriumconversion for single reactions, Phase rule and Duhem’s theorem forreacting systems.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, J.M. Smith,H.C. Van Ness and M.M. Abbott, 7th ed. McGraw Hill, 2005.

2. Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Rao Y.V.C., Universities Press(India) Pvt. Ltd.,1997.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Chemical and Process Thermodynamics, BG Kyle, 3rd Edition, PhiLearning, 2008.

2. Introductory Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, J. RichardElliott, Carl T. Lira, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2012.

3. Chemical, Biochemical And Engineering Thermodynamics, StanleyI Sandler, 4th Edition, Wiley India Pvt Ltd, 2006.

4. Molecular Thermodynamics In Fluid Phase Equilibria, J.M. Prausnitz,R.N. Lichtenthaler, E.G.de Azvedo, 3rd Edition, Prentice-Hall, 1998.

5. Engineering and Chemical Thermodynamics, Milo D. Koretsky, WileyIndia Pvt Ltd, 2009

6. Thermodynamics: Applications In Chemical Engineering And ThePetroleum Industry, J.Vidal, Editions Technip, 2003.




PETROCHEMICAL ENGINGINEERING-I

(Process Engineering and Technology of production of Petrochemicalsshould be dealt with by the instructor).

UNIT-IIntroduction: Petrochemical industry-Structures of petrochemicalcomplexes-Feedstock for petrochemical-Profile of petrochemical and theirend products-Indian Petrochemical industries-Profile of Indian petroleumand petrochemical Industry.UNIT-IIOlefins production: Steam cracking for production of olefins-Gassweetening unit-C2/C3 Extraction unit-Steam cracking process engineeringand technology-Emerging technologies for production of olefins- AlphaOlefins.UNIT-IIIProcessing of olefinic C4 and C5 cut from steam cracking and fluidcatalytic cracking:Fluid catalytic cracking-Growth of FCC technology-Chemistry of crackingand process variables-FCC feed pretreatment-Description of the FCCprocess-FCC gases as petrochemical feedstock-Processing of C4 streamfrom steam cracking and FCC-oxygenates from refinery C4 and C5 stream-Upgrading of C5 cut for Recovery of C5 chemicals.UNIT-IVAromatic production: Petroleum feedstock for aromatic hydrocarbons-Aromatic hydrocarbon production catalytic reforming-Reactions in catalyticreforming-Reforming catalyst-Reforming process-Process variables incatalytic reforming-Pyrolysis gasoline as aromatics feedstock-Aromaticseparation from reformate and pyrolysis gasoline- Emerging technologiesfor the production of BTX- Aromatic conversion processes.UNIT-VMethane and synthesis gas derivatives: Synthesis gas and ammonia-synthesis gas and ammonia manufacture from steam reforming-Synthesisgas and ammonia manufacture from partial oxidation process-Ureaprocesses.

110 2010-2011

UNIT-VI

Synthesis gas: Process technology-Carbon monoxide-Fischer-Tropschsyn gas techonology-Methanol-Formaldehyde-Acetic acid - Hydrogencyanide - Hydrazine-Carbon disulphide – Pentaerythritol - Hexamethylenetetramine - Hexamethylene Diamine - Melamine - Chloromethanes - Dimethylformamide -Dimethyl acetamide -Acetylene.

UNIT-VII

Ethylene and ethylene derivatives-I: Ethylene-Ethylene oxide-Processtechnology-Process hazards-Ethylene oxide storage-Monoetylene glycol-Vinyl chloride-Vinyl acetate-Acetaldehyde-Ethanol-Acetic anhydride-Ethylacetate-Ethyl chloride.

UNIT-VIII

Ethylene and its derivatives-II: Ethanol amines-Percholoroethylene andTrichloroethylene-Ethylene glycol mono ethyl ether-Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether-Ethylene carbonate-Vinyl fluoride-Vinylidine Fluoride, Ethylenedibromide.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Petrochemical Process Technology, ID Mall, Macmillan India Ltd.,New Delhi. 2007.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Chemistry of Petrochemical Processes, Sami Matar and Lewis F.Hatch,2nd Edition, Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, 2000.

2. Fundamentals of Petroleum Chemical Technology, P Belov, MirPublishers, 1970.

3. Petrochemical Processes, A. Chauvel and G.Lefebvre, Volume 1 & 2,Gulf Publishing Company, 1989.

4. Handbook of Petrochemical Production Processes, Robert A. Meyers,McGraw-Hill, 2004.

5. Petrochemical Production Processes, N.Naderpour, SBS Publishers,2009.

6. Petrochemicals, B. K. Bhaskara Rao, Oxford & IBH Publishing, 2002.

7. Chemicals from petroleum: An Introductory Survey, Waddams A.L.,4th Edition, Gulf Publishing, 1978.




MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS-I

UNIT- I:

Introduction to Mass Transfer Operations: Classification of the Mass-Transfer Operations, Choice of Separation Method, Methods of Conductingthe Mass-Transfer Operations, Design Principles, Unit Systems.

Molecular Diffusion In Fluids: Molecular Diffusion, Equation of Continuity,binary solutions, Steady State Molecular Diffusion in Fluids at Rest andin Laminar Flow, estimation of diffusivity of gases and liquids, Momentumand Heat Transfer in Laminar flow.

UNIT-II:

Diffusion: Diffusion in Solids, Fick’s Diffusion, Unsteady State Diffusion,Types of Solid Diffusion, diffusion through polymers, diffusion throughcrystalline solids, Diffusion through porous solids & hydrodynamic flowof gases.

UNIT- III:

Mass Transfer Coefficients: Mass Transfer Coefficients, Mass TransferCoefficients in Laminar Flow (Explanation of equations only and noderivation), Mass Transfer Coefficients in Turbulent Flow, eddy diffusion,Film Theory, Penetration theory, Surface-renewal Theory, CombinationFilm-Surface-renewal theory, Surface-Stretch Theory, Mass, Heat andMomentum Transfer Analogies, Turbulent Flow in Circular Pipes. Masstransfer data for simple situations.

UNIT-IV:

Inter Phase Mass Transfer: Concept of Equilibrium, Diffusion betweenPhases, Material Balances in steady state co-current and counter currentstage processes, Stages, Cascades, Kremser – Brown equation.

UNIT-V:

Distillation: Fields of applications, VLE for miscible liquids, immiscibleliquids, steam distillation, Positive and negative deviations from ideality,enthalpy-concentration diagrams, flash vaporization and differentialdistillation for binary and multi component mixtures.

112 2010-2011

Continuous rectification-binary systems, multistage tray towers–methodof McCabe and Thiele, enriching section, exhausting section, feedintroduction, total reflux, minimum and optimum reflux ratios, use of steam,condensers, partial condensers, cold reflux, multiple feeds, tray efficiencies,continuous-contact equipment (packed towers)

UNIT- VI:

Multistage tray towers- Ponchon and Savarit method, the enriching andstripping sections, feed tray location, total reflux, minimum and optimumreflux ratios, reboilers, use of open steam, condenser and refluxaccumulators, azeotropic distillation, extractive distillation, comparison ofazeotropic and extractive distillation.

UNIT-VII:

Absorption and Stripping: Absorption equilibrium, ideal and non idealsolutions selection of a solvent for absorption, one component transferred:material balances. Determination of number of plates (graphical), absorptionFactor, estimation of number of plates by Kremser Brown equation.Continuous contact equipment: HETP &HTU concepts, absorption of onecomponent, determination of number of transfer units and height of thecontinuous absorber, overall coefficients and transfer units, dilute solutions,overall height of transfer units.

UNIT-VIII:

Equipment For Gas-Liquid Operations: Gas dispersed, sparged vessels(bubble columns), mechanical agitated equipments(brief description),traytowers, general characteristics, sieve tray design for absorption anddistillation (qualitative treatment), different types of tray efficiencies,liquid dispersed venturi scrubbers, wetted-wall towers, packed towers,counter current flow of liquid & gas through packing, mass transfercoefficients for packed towers, end effects and axial mixing- tray towesrvs packed towers.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Mass Transfer Operations, R.E. Treybal, 3rd Edition., Mc Graw Hill,1980.

2. Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, W.L.McCabe, J.C.Smith &Peter Harriott, McGraw- Hill, 6th Edition, 2001.


REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Coulson and Richardson’s Chemical engineering, Vol 1,Backhurst,J.R., Harker, J.H., Richardson, J.F., and Coulson, J.M., Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999.

2. Coulson and Richardson’s Chemical engineering, Vol 2, Richardson,J.F. & Harker,J.H. with Backhurst, J.R., Butterworth-Heinemann, 2002.

3. Principles of Mass Transfer and Separation Processes, Binay K.Datta, PHI Learning Private Ltd., 2009.

4. Diffusion: Mass Transfer in Fluid Systems, Cussler, E.L., CambridgeUniv. Press, 1984.

5. Design of Equilibrium Stage Processes, B.D.Smith, McGraw-Hill,1963.

6. Staged Cascades In Chemical Processing, P.L.T.Brian, Prentice-Hall,1972.

7. Equilibrium Staged Separations, Phillip C.Wankat, Prentice-Hall PTR,1988.

8. Equilibrium-Stage Separation Operations in Chemical Engineering,E.J.Henley and J.D.Seader, John Wiley & Sons, 1981.

9. Transport Processes and Unit Operations by Christie J. Geankoplis,4th Edition, PHI,2009.

10. Separation Processes, C.J. King, 2nd Edition, McGraw- Hill, 1980.

114 2010-2011



PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION

UNIT –I:

Fundamentals: Elements of Instruments, static and dynamic characteristics-Basic concepts of response of first order type instruments.

Industrial Thermometers 1: Mercury in glass thermometer-Bimetallicthermometer-Pressure spring thermometer, Static accuracy and responseof thermometry.

UNIT -II

Industrial Thermometers 2: Thermo electricity-Industrial thermocouples-Thermo couple wires-Thermo couple wells and response of thermo couples.

UNIT –III

Industrial Thermometers-3: Thermal coefficient of resistance-Industrialresistance-Thermometer bulbs and circuits-Radiation receiving elements-Radiation photo electric and optical pyrometers.

UNIT -IV

Composition analysis: Spectroscopic analysis by absorption, emission,mass and color measurement spectrometers-Gas analysis by thermalconductivity, analysis of moisture, refractometer.

UNIT -V

Pressure, vacuum and head: Liquid column manometers-Measuringelements for gauge pressure and vacuum-Indicating elements for pressuregauges-Measurement of absolute pressure-Measuring pressure in corrosiveliquids-Static accuracy and response of pressure gauges.

UNIT -VI

Density and specific gravity measurements- direct measurement of liquidlevel-Pressure measurement in open vessels-Level measurements inpressure vessels-Measurement of interface level-Density measurementand level of dry materials.

UNIT -VII

Flow Meters: Head flow meters-Area flow meters-Open channel meters-


Viscosity meters-Quantity meters-Flow of dry materials-Viscositymeasurements.

UNIT -VIII

Recording instruments-Indicating and signaling instruments-Transmissionof instrument readings-Controls center-Instrumentation diagram-Processanalysis-Digital instrumentation.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Industrial Instrumentation, Donald P.Eckman, CBS, 2004.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Principles of Industrial Instrumentation, Patranabis, 2nd Edition, TataMc Graw-Hill, 1996.

2. Process Control and Instrumentation Technology, Curtis D. Johnson,3rd Edition, Prentice Hall, 1988.

3. Process Instrumentation Applications Manual, Bob Connell, 2nd

Edition, Mc Graw-Hill, 1995.

116 2010-2011



PROCESS HEAT TRANSFER LAB

1. Determination of total thermal resistance and thermal conductivity ofcomposite wall.

2. Determination of thermal conductivity of a metal rod.

3. Determination of natural convective heat transfer coefficient for avertical tube.

4. Determination of critical heat flux point for pool boiling of water.

5. Determination of forced convective heat transfer coefficient for airflowing through a pipe

6. Determination of overall heat transfer coefficient in double pipe heatexchanger.

7. Study of the temperature distribution along the length of a pin-finunder natural and forced convection conditions

8. Estimation of un-steady state film heat transfer coefficient betweenthe medium in which the body is cooled.

9. Determination of Stefan – Boltzmann constant.

10. Determination of emissivity of a given plate at various temperatures.




MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS LAB

1. Estimation of diffusivity coefficients

(a) vapors (b) solids

2. Distillation, a) Steam distillation b) Differential distillation

3. HETP evaluation in Packed Towers

4. Vapor Liquid Equilibria

5. Hydrodynamics of Spray column

6. Continuous and Batch Drying

7. Evaluation of Mass transfer coefficients

(a) Surface Evaporation (b) Wetted wall column

8. (a) Liquid- Liquid Equilibria

(b) Ternary Liquid Equilibria (binodal curve)

118 2010-2011



INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND PATENTS – I

UNIT - I

Introduction to Intellectual Property Law – The Evolutionary Past - TheIPR Tool Kit- Para -Legal Tasks in Intellectual Property Law – Ethicalobligations in Para Legal Tasks in Intellectual Property Law - Introductionto Cyber Law – Innovations and Inventions Trade related IntellectualProperty Right

UNIT - II

Introduction to Trade mark – Trade mark Registration Process – Postregistration procedures – Trade mark maintenance - Transfer of Rights -Inter partes Proceeding – Infringement - Dilution Ownership of Trademark – Likelihood of confusion - Trademarks claims – Trade marksLitigations – International Trade mark Law –

UNIT - III

Introduction to Copyrights – – Principles of Copyright Principles -Thesubjects Matter of Copy right – The Rights Afforded by Copyright Law– Copy right Ownership, Transfer and duration – Right to prepareDerivative works – Rights of Distribution – Rights of Perform the workPublicity Copyright Formalities and Registrations - Limitions - Copyrightdisputes and International Copyright Law – Semiconductor Chip ProtectionAct

UNIT - IV

Introduction to Trade Secret – Maintaining Trade Secret – PhysicalSecrurity –Employee Limitation - Employee confidentiality agreement -Trade Secret Law - Unfair Competation – Trade Secret Letigation – Breachof Contract – Applying State Law

BOOKS:

1. Deborah E.Bouchoux: “Intellectual Property”. Cengage learning , NewDelhi

2. Kompal Bansal & Parishit Bansal "Fundamentals of IPR for Engineers",BS Publications (Press)


3. Cyber Law. Texts & Cases, South-Western’s Special Topics Collections4. Prabhuddha Ganguli: ‘ Intellectual Property Rights” Tata Mc-Graw –

Hill, New Delhi

5. Richard Stim: "Intellectual Property", Cengage Learning, New Delhi.

6. R. Radha Krishnan, S. Balasubramanian: "Intellectual Property Rights",Excel Books. New Delhi.

7. M.Ashok Kumar and Mohd.Iqbal Ali: “Intellectual Property Right”Serials Pub.

120 2010-2011



INDUSTRIAL VISITS

During the semester, all the students are required to visit minimum 6 majorindustries like petroleum refineries, petrochemical, fertilizer and organicchemical complexes accompanied by two faculty members. After eachvisit, every student should submit a very brief report on the industry withflow diagrams and salient features of the processes that include safetyand environmental aspects.



III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering – II Sem.

MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

Unit I

Introduction to Management: Concept –nature and importance ofManagement – Functions of Management – Evaluation of Managementthought- Theories of Motivation – Decision making process-Designingorganization structure- Principles of organization - Types of organizationstructure

Unit II

Operations Management: Principles and Types of Management – Workstudy- Statistical Quality Control- Control charts (P-chart, R-chart, and C-chart) Simple problems- Material Management: Need for Inventory control-EOQ, ABC analysis (simple problems) and Types of ABC analysis (HML,SDE, VED, and FSN analysis)

Unit III

Functional Management: Concept of HRM, HRD and PMIR- Functions ofHR Manager- Wage payment plans(Simple Problems) – Job Evaluationand Merit Rating - Marketing Management- Functions of Marketing –Marketing strategies based on product Life Cycle, Channels ofdistributions.

Unit IV

Project Management: (PERT/CPM): Development of Network – Differencebetween PERT and CPM Identifying Critical Path- Probability- ProjectCrashing (Simple Problems)

Unit V

Strategic Management: Vision, Mission, Goals, Strategy – Elements ofCorporate Planning Process – Environmental Scanning – SWOT analysis-Steps in Strategy Formulation and Implementation, Generic Strategyalternatives

Unit VI

Management Ethics: Importance of Ethics in Business and Management– Ethics in Marketing - HRM-Financial Management – Business Ethicsand Law (Case example)

122 2010-2011

Unit VII

Business Communication: Report writing – Cross Cultural Communication,Problems and Challenges- Presentation Skills – Interviews- Videoconferences

Unit VIII

Contemporary Management Practice: Basic concepts of MIS, MRP, Just-in-Time(JIT) system, Total Quality Management(TQM), Six sigma andCapability Maturity Model(CMM) Levies, Supply Chain Management ,Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Performance Management, BusinessProcess outsourcing (BPO), Business process Re-engineering and BenchMarking, Balanced Score Card.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Dr. P. Vijaya Kumar & Dr. N. Appa Rao, ‘Management Science’Cengage, Delhi, 2012.

2. Dr. A. R. Aryasri, Management Science’ TMH 2011.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Koontz & Weihrich: ‘Essentials of management’ TMH 20112. Seth & Rastogi: Global Management Systems, Cengage learning ,

Delhi, 20113. Robbins: Organizational Behaviour, Pearson publications, 20114. Kanishka Bedi: Production & Operations Management, Oxford

Publications, 20115. Philip Kotler & Armstrong: Principles of Marketing, Pearson

publications6. Biswajit Patnaik: Human Resource Management, PHI, 20117. Hitt and Vijaya Kumar: Starategic Management, Cengage learning




PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING-II

(Process engineering and technology of production of petrochemicalsshould be dealt with by the instructor).

UNIT-I

Sources of propylene: Propylene recovery from fluid catalytic cracking-Propane dehydrogenation, metathesis-Dehydration of paraffins-Methanolpropylene–Propylene oxide–Propylene glycol–Propylene glycol monomethyl ether–Isopropyl alcohol–Acetone–Acrylonitrile–Cumene–Methylmethacrylate–butyraldehydes and butanols.

UNIT-II

2-Ethyl hexanol–Methyl iso butyl ketone–Diacetone alcohol–Isophorone–Propylene carbonate–Allyl chloride – Epichlorohydrin– Acrylic acid–Acrlamide.

UNIT-III

Butadiene–1-Butene–n-Butenes-Isobutylene–n-Butene–Octenes–1,4-Butanediol–Chloroprene–Isoprene – Cyclopentadiene anddecyclopentadiene – Piperylene, Isoamylene and 1-Pentene.

UNIT-IV

Ethyl benzene and styrene–Phthalic anhydride–Linear alkyl benzene–Phenol–Maleic anhydride– Nitrobenzene and aniline – Bisphenol–A -Alpha methyl styrene –Dodecyl phenol– Fumaric Acid.

UNIT-V

Isophthalic acid –Benezoic acid–Benzyl chloride, Benzyl chloride andBenzotrichloride–Benzaldehyde– Nitrotoluenes–Cyamene–Cresols–Nonylphenol–Diisopropyl benzene–Hydroquinone–Anthraquinone–p-Diethyl benzene.

UNIT-VI

Characteristics of polymers–Classification of polymers–Polymerizationreactions–polymerization reactors – polyethylene – Polypropylene–Polyvinyl chloride–Polystyrene – Epoxy resins– Polycarbonates.

124 2010-2011

UNIT-VII

Thermoplastic polyesters-Formaldehyde resins: Phenol-Formaldehyde, Ureaand melamine-Formaldehyde-Polyurethane-Synthetic rubber: Classificationof rubbers (Elastomer)-Styrene-Butadiene, Polybutadiene, Nitrile rubber-Polytetrafluoroethylene-Ethylene vinyl acetate-Polymethylmethacrylate.

UNIT-VIII

Cyclohexane– Caprolactam – Adipic acid –Adiponitrile–Hexamethylenediamene and Dimethyl terephthalete, Terephthalic acid –Polyester fibre(Polyethylene terephthalate)–Nylon 66–Nylon 6– Acrylic fibres.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Petrochemical Process Technology, ID Mall, Macmillan India Ltd.,New Delhi. 2007.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Chemistry of Petrochemical Processes, Sami Matar and Lewis F.Hatch,2nd Edition, Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, 2000.

2. Fundamentals of Petroleum Chemical Technology, P Belov, MirPublishers, 1970.

3. Petrochemical Processes, A. Chauvel and G.Lefebvre, Volume 1 & 2,Gulf Publishing Company, 1989.

4. Handbook of Petrochemical Production Processes, Robert A. Meyers,McGraw-Hill, 2004.

5. Petrochemical Production Processes, N.Naderpour, SBS Publishers,2009.

6. Petrochemicals, B. K. Bhaskara Rao, Oxford & IBH Publishing, 2002.

7. Chemicals from Petroleum: An Introductory Survey, Waddams, A.L.,4th Edition, Gulf Publishing, 1978.




MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS-II

UNIT-I:

Liquid-Liquid Operations: fields of usefulness, liquid-liquid equilibrium,equilateral triangular co-ordinates, choice of solvent, stage wise contact,multistage cross-current extraction, Multi stage counter current withoutreflux-multi stage counter current with reflux,.

Extraction Equipment: Differential (continuous contact) extractors, spraytowers, packed towers, mechanically agitated counter-current extractors,centrifugal extractors, dilute solutions, super critical fluid extraction,fractional extraction.

UNIT- II:

Leaching: Fields of applications, preparation of solid for leaching, typesof leaching, leaching equilibrium, single stage and multi stage leachingcalculations, constant under flow conditions, equipment for leachingoperation.

UNIT- III:

Humidification Operations: Vapor pressure curve, definitions, psychometriccharts, enthalpy of gas-vapor mixtures, humidification and dehumidification,operating lines and design of packed humidifiers, dehumidifiers andcooling towers, spray chambers.

UNIT- IV:

Drying: Equilibrium, definitions, drying conditions- rate of batch dryingunder constant drying conditions, mechanisms of batch drying, dryingtime through circulation drying.

Classification Of Drying Operations: Batch and continuous dryingequipment, material and energy balances of continuous driers, rate ofdrying for continuous direct heat driers.

UNIT-V:

Crystallization: Crystal geometry, principles of crystallization equilibriaand yields, nucleation, crystal growth, crystallization equipment, crystallizerdesign:CSD, crystallization from melts.

126 2010-2011

UNIT-VI:

Adsorption: Adsorption, types of adsorption, nature of adsorbents,adsorption equilibrium, single gases and vapors, adsorption hysteresis,effect of temperature, heat of adsorption, vapor and gas mixtures- onecomponent adsorbed, effect of change of temperature or pressure. Liquids,adsorption of solute from dilute solution, the Freundlich equation,adsorption from concentrated solutions, adsorption operations, stagewise operation, application of Freundlich equation to single and multistageadsorption (cross current & counter current).

UNIT-VII:

Adsorption of vapor from a gas, fluidized bed, continuous contact, steadystate moving bed adsorbers, unsteady state–fixed bed adsorbers,adsorption wave, elution, adsorption-desorption operations- thermaldesorption of gases, activated carbon solvent recovery, pressure swingand vacuum swing adsorption (qualitative treatment), regeneration withpurge and desorbent. Ion-Exchange: Principles of ion exchange, techniquesand applications, ion-movement theory, ion exclusion.

UNIT-VIII:

Membrane Separation Processes: Basic principles of membrane separation,classification of membrane processes – pressure driven, concentrationgradient driven, electric potential driven processes – brief introduction onreverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, pervaporation,dialysis, membrane extraction, electrodialysis. Types of syntheticmembranes – microporous, asymmetric, thin-film composite, electricallycharged and inorganic membranes. Membrane modules - industrialapplications.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Mass Transfer Operations by R.E. Treybal, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill,1980.

2. Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, W.L. McCabe, J.C. Smith& Peter Harriott, McGraw- ill, 6th Edition, 2001.

3. Membrane Separation Processes, Kaushik Nath, PHI, 2008

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Coulson and Richardson’s Chemical engineering, Vol 1,Backhurst,J.R., Harker,J.H.,Richardson, J.F., and Coulson,J.M., Butterworth-


Heinemann, 1999.

2. Coulson and Richardson’s Chemical engineering, Vol 2, Richardson,J.F. & Harker,J.H. with Backhurst, J.R., Butterworth-Heinemann, 2002.

3. Principles of Mass Transfer and Separation Processes, Binay K.Datta, PHI Learning Private Ltd., 2009.

4. Diffusion: Mass Transfer in Fluid Systems, Cussler, E.L., CambridgeUniv. Press, 1984.

5. Design of Equilibrium Stage Processes, B.D.Smith, McGraw-Hill,1963.

6. Staged Cascades In Chemical Processing, P.L.T.Brian, Prentice-Hall,1972.

7. Equilibrium Staged Separations, Phillip C.Wankat, Prentice-Hall PTR,1988.

8. Equilibrium-Stage Separation Operations in Chemical Engineering,E.J.Henley and J.D.Seader, John Wiley & Sons, 1981.

9 Transport Processes and Unit Operations by Christie J. Geankoplis,4th Edition, PHI,2009.

10. Separation Processes, C.J. King, 2nd Edition, McGraw- Hill, 1980.

128 2010-2011



PROCESS DYNAMICS AND CONTROL

UNIT-I:

Introduction to process dynamics and control, Response of First OrderSystems - Physical examples of first order systems

UNIT-II:

Response of first order systems in series, higher order systems: Secondorder and transportation lag

UNIT-III:

Control systems Controllers and final control elements, Block diagram ofa Petrochemical rector control system

UNIT-IV:

Closed loop transfer functions, Transient response of simple controlsystems

UNIT-V:

Stability Criterion, Routh Test, Root locus

UNIT-VI:

Transient response from root locus, Application of root locus to controlsystems Introduction to frequency response, Control systems design byfrequency response.

UNIT-VII:

Advanced control strategies, Cascade control, Feed forward control, ratiocontrol, Smith predictor, dead time compensation, internal model control.

UNIT -VIII:

Controller tuning and process identification. Control valves.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Process Systems Analysis and Control by D.R. Coughanowr, 2nd ed.Mc Graw Hill, 1991


REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Chemical Process Control, G. Stephanopolous, Prentice Hall, 1984

2. Coulson and Richardson’s Chemical Engineering, Volume 3, 3rd Edition:Chemical and Biochemical Reactors and Process Control, RichardsonJ. F. et.al, Elsevier India, 2006.

3. Automatic Process Control, Donald P. Eckman, John wiley, Reprint2011.

4. Process Dynamics and Control, Dale Seaborg, Thomas F. Edgar,Duncan Mellichamp, 2nd edition, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2006.

5. Principles of Process Control. Patranabis, 3rd Edition McGraw-HillEducation Pvt. Ltd., 2012.

6. Industrial Process Control Systems, 2nd Edition, Dale R. Patrick,Stephon, W. Fardo, CRC Press, 2009.

7. Modern Control Systems, 11th Edition Dorf, Pearson, 2008.

8. Modern Control Engineering, Katsuhiko Ogata, 5th Edition, PrenticeHall, 2010.

9. Principles and Practices of Automatic Process Control, Carlos A.Smith, Armando B. Corripio, 3rd International Edition, John Wiley andSons, 2005.

10. Process control: Concepts, Dynamics & Control, S. K. Single, PHILearning, 2009.

11. Process control, Peter Harriott, Tata McGraw-Hill 1964. (10th reprint2008).

12. Computer-Aided Process Control, S. K. Singh, PHE Learning, 2004.

13. Essentials of process control, William L. Luyben, Michacl L. Luyben,McGraw-Hill, 1997.

130 2010-2011



PROCESS ENGINEERING ECONOMICS

UNIT-I:

Introduction: The process industries – capital and interest – economicsand the process engineer.

Value of Money – Equivalence: Value of money – equations for economicstudies – equivalence – example problems – the bond problem.

UNIT-II:

Amortization: Capital recovery – depreciation – straight-line method,sinking-fund method, fixed percentage method – interest in depreciationcalculations – depreciation accounting – depletion

UNIT-III:

Capital Requirements for Process Plants: Cost indices – equipmentcosts – the Williams six-tenths Factor – service facilities – buildings andother non-process items – capital requirements for complete plants-approximate cost estimates-detailed cost estimates – total and processinvestment – the balance sheet – sources of capital.

UNIT-IV:

Costs, Earnings, Profits and Returns: Variable costs – fixed costs-explanation of individual items of fixed costs-interest as an Item of cost– using cost data-cost studies-the Income statement-income statementratio – profits and earnings-a discussion of theoretical economy andaccounting-analysis of the income statement – economic productioncharts – capacity factors – incremental costs – differential analysis ofeconomic production charts

Economics of Selecting Alternates: Annual cost method – present worthmethod – equivalent alternates.

UNIT-V:

Rates of Return and Payout Time – Replacements: Rate-of-return method– payout-time method – effect of source of capital – nonproductive


investments and taxes – consideration of capacity factor – replacement ofexisting facilities – irreducible factors in economic analyses.

UNIT-VI:

Economic Balance: Economic balance in evaporation – economic vesseldesign – economic balance in fluid flow, heat transfer and mass transfer- economic balance with two variables, combined operation-combinedoperations with one variable- combined operations with two variables,combined operations with alternates-economic balance in other operations-general considerations in economic balance-summary of procedure foreconomic balance analysis.

UNIT-VII:

Economic Balance in Cyclic Operations: Batch operations (fixed cycletime) – batch operations (variable cycle time) – multiple equipment units– semicontinuous operations – the batch filtration problem – combinationoperations – multiple-pass operations with changing efficiency.

Economic Balance in Reactors: Economic analysis for variable feed andproduct grades, variable recovery – economic balance for waste streamconcentrations – economic balance for yield in process operations-yieldin a batch reactor (catalytic or noncatalytic)-yield in continuous multistagereactors (noncatalytic)-yield in a flow reactor (Noncatalytic)-yield in a flowreactor (catalytic)

UNIT-VIII:

Economic Balance and Inventory in Process Operations: Semicontinuousoperations – batch operations – non-repetitive operations – processinventory considerations – the general case of inventory – generalsummary of economic balance.

Economic Analysis of A Complete Process: Operating plants-appraisedvalue-earning value-stock and bond value – proposed plants-capitalrequirements-estimated annual returns – evaluation – reliability of costestimates.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Process Engineering Economics, H.E. Schweyer, McGraw-Hill, NewYork,1955.

132 2010-2011

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Plant Design and Economics for Chemical Engineers, M.S.Petersand K.D.Timmerhaus, Mc Graw Hill, 4th Ed., 1991.

2. Cost and Optimization Engineering, F.C. Jelen, McGraw-Hill,International ed., 1997.

3. Process Engineering Economics, James R. Couper, Marcel Dekkar,Inc., 2003

4. Introduction to Process Economics, F.A. Holland, F. A. Watson, J.K. Wilkinson, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 1983.

5. Schaum’s outline of engineering economics, Jose Sepulveda, WilliamSouder, Byron Gottfried, McGraw-Hill, 1984.



III Year B. Tech. Chemical Engineering – II Sem.

CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING – I

UNIT–I:

Overview of chemical reaction engineering: classification of reactions,variables affecting the rate of reaction definition of reaction rate. Kineticsof homogenous reactions- concentration dependent term of rate equation,Temperature dependent term of rate equation, searching for a mechanism,predictability of reaction rate from theory.

UNIT–II:

Interpretation of batch reactor data: constant volume batch reactor:-Analysis of total pressure data obtained in a constant-volume system, theconversion, Integral method of analysis of data– general procedure,irreversible unimolecular type first order reactions, irreversible bimoleculartype second order reactions, irreversible trimolecular type third orderreactions, empirical reactions of nth order, zero-order reactions, overallorder of irreversible reactions from the half-life, fractional life method,irreversible reactions in parallel, homogenous catalyzed reactions,autocatalytic reactions, irreversible reactions in series.

UNIT–III:

Constant volume batch reactor– first order reversible reactions, secondorder reversible reactions, reversible reactions in general, reactions ofshifting order, Differential method of analysis of data.

Varying volume batch reactor: differential method of analysis, integralmethod of analysis, zero order, first order, second order, nth order reactions,temperature and reaction rate, the search for a rate equation.

UNIT–IV:

Introduction to reactor design: general discussion, symbols andrelationship between CA and XA; Ideal reactors for a single reaction- Idealbatch reactor, Steady-state mixed flow reactor, Steady-state plug reactors.

UNIT–V:

Design for single reactions: Size comparison of single reactors, Multiple-reactor systems, Recycle reactor, Autocatalytic reactions.

134 2010-2011

UNIT–VI:

Design for parallel reactions: introduction to multiple reactions, qualitativediscussion about product distribution, quantitative treatment of productdistribution and of reactor size.

UNIT–VII:

Irreversible first order reactions in series, quantitative discussion aboutproduct distribution, quantitative treatment, plug flow or batch reactor,quantitative treatment, mixed flow reactor, first-order followed by zero-order reaction, zero order followed by first order reaction.

UNIT–VIII:

Temperature and Pressure effects: single reactions- heats of reactionfrom thermodynamics, heats of reaction and temperature, equilibriumconstants from thermodynamics, equilibrium conversion, general graphicaldesign procedure, optimum temperature progression, heat effects, adiabaticoperations, non adiabatic operations, comments and extensions. Exothermicreactions in mixed flow reactors-A special problem, multiple reactions.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Chemical Reaction Engineering, Octave Levenspiel, 3rd Ed. JohnWiley & Sons, 1999.

REFERENCES BOOKS:

1. Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, H.S. Fogler, 2nd Edition.PHI, 1992.

2. Chemical Engineering Kinetics , J.M.Smith, 3rd Edition. McGraw-Hill, 1981.

3. Elementary Chemical Reactor Analysis, Aris. R., Prentice-Hall,Englewood Cliffs, 1969.

4. Modeling of Chemical Kinetics and Reactor Design, Coker, A.K., GulfProfessional Publishing, 2001.

5. Fundamentals of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Davis, M.E., andR.J. Davis, McGraw-Hill, 2002.

6. Chemical Reactor Theory: An Introduction, Denbigh K.G., and J.C.R.Turner, 3rd Ed., Cambridge University Press, 1984.


7. Chemical Reactor Analysis and Design, Froment, G.B., and K.B.Bischoff, 2nd Ed., Wiley, 1990.

8. An Introduction to Chemical Engineering Kinetics and ReactorDesign, C.G. Hill Jr., John Wiley & Sons, 1977.

9. Chemical Reaction Engineering: A First Course, Metcalfe, I.S., OxfordUniversity Press, 1997.

10. Chemical Reaction Engineering and Kinetics, Missen, R.W., C.A.Mimsand B.A. Saville, Wiley, Toronto, 1999.

11. The Engineering of Chemical Reactions, Schmidt, L.D., OxfordUniversity Press, New York 1998.

12. Reaction Kinetics for Chemical Engineers, Stanley M.Walas. UniPublishers, 1989.

13. Chemical Reactor Design, Peter Harriott, Marcel Dekkar, 2002.

136 2010-2011



INSTRUMENTATION & PROCESS CONTROL LAB

1. Calibration and determination of time lag of various first and secondorder instruments.

Major equipment - First order instrument like Mercury-in-Glassthermometer and Overall second order instrument like Mercury-in-Glass thermometer in a thermal well.

2. Experiments with single and two capacity systems with and withoutinteraction.

Major equipment- Single tank system, Two-tank systems (Interactingand Non-Interacting).

3. Level control trainer

Major equipment - Level control trainer set up with computer.

4. Temperature control trainer

Major equipment -Temperature control trainer with computer.

5. Cascade control

Major equipment -Cascade control apparatus with computer.

6. Experiments on proportional, reset, rate mode of control etc.

Major equipment – PID control apparatus

7. Control valve characteristics

Major equipment – Control valve set up.

8. Estimation of damping coefficient for U-tube manometer

Major equipment - U-tube manometer.




CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING LAB

1. Determination of the order of a reaction using a batch reactor andanalyzing the data by (a) differential method (b) integral method.

2. Determination of the activation energy of a reaction using a batchreactor.

3. To determine the effect of residence time on conversion and todetermine the rate constant using a CSTR.

4. To determine the specific reaction rate constant of a reaction of aknown order using a batch reactor.

5. To determine the order of the reaction and the rate constant usinga tubular reactor.

6. CSTRs in series- comparison of experimental and theoretical valuesfor space times and volumes of reactors.

7. Mass transfer with chemical reaction (solid-liquid system) –determination of mass transfer coefficient.

8. Axial mixing in a packed bed. Determination of RTD and dispersionnumber for a packed-bed using tracer and Determination of RTD anddispersion number in a tubular reactor using a tracer.

138 2010-2011



INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND PATENTS – II

UNIT - I

Intellectual Property Law Basics – Types of Intellectual Property – Agenciesresponsible for Intellectual Property Regristration - Cyber crime and E-commerce– International Aspects of Computer and Online Crime

UNIT - II

Introduction to Patent Law – Rights and Limitations – Rights under Patent Law–Patent requirements - Ownership - Transfer - Patents Application Process –Patent Infringement - Patent Litigation - International Patent Law – DoublePatenting – Patent Searching – Patent Law Treaty - New developments in PatentLaw - Invention Developers and Promoters

UNIT - III

Introduction to Transactional Law: Creating Wealth and Managing Risk – TheEmployment Relationship in the Internet and Tech Sector – Contact for theInternet and Tech Sector - Business Assets in Information Age – Symbol andTrademark – Trolls and Landmines and other Metaphors

UNIT - IV

Regulatory , Compliance and Liability Issues – State Privacy Law - Date Security– Privacy issues - Controlling Over use or Misuse of 1 Intellectual PropertyRights

BOOKS:

1. Deborah E.Bouchoux: “Intellectual Property”. Cengage learning , NewDelhi

2. Kompal Bansal & Parishit Bansal "Fundamentals of IPR for Engineers",BS Publications (Press)

3. Cyber Law. Texts & Cases, South-Western’s Special Topics Collections4. Prabhuddha Ganguli: ‘ Intellectual Property Rights” Tata Mc-Graw –

Hill, New Delhi5. Richard Stim: "Intellectual Property", Cengage Learning, New Delhi.6. R. Radha Krishnan, S. Balasubramanian: "Intellectual Property Rights",

Excel Books. New Delhi.7. M.Ashok Kumar and Mohd.Iqbal Ali: “Intellectual Property Right”

Serials Pub.




SUMMER TRAINING

Every Student should undergo summer training (summer internshipprogram) in a petroleum refinery/petrochemical complex/ fertilizer in-dustry for 4-6 weeks and submit a report.

140 2010-2011


IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering – I Sem.

TRANSPORT PHENOMENA

UNIT-I:

Viscosity and the mechanisms of momentum transfer: Newton’s law ofviscosity (molecular momentum transport), generalization of Newton’s lawof viscosity, pressure and temperature dependence of viscosity, moleculartheory of the viscosity of gases at low density, molecular theory of theviscosity of liquids.

Thermal conductivity and the mechanisms of energy transport: Fourier’slaw of heat conduction (molecular energy transport), temperature andpressure dependence of thermal conductivity, and theory of thermalconductivity of gases at low density.

Diffusivity and the mechanisms of mass transport: Fick’s law of binarydiffusion (molecular mass transport), temperature and pressure dependenceof diffusivities, theory of diffusion in gases at low density.

UNIT-II:

Shell momentum balances and velocity distributions in laminar flow:shell momentum balances and boundary conditions, flow of a falling film,flow through a circular tube, flow through annulus, flow of two adjacentimmiscible fluids, creeping flow around a sphere.

UNIT-III:

Shell energy balances and temperature distributions in solids and laminarflow: shell energy balances; boundary conditions, heat conduction withan electrical heat source, heat conduction with a nuclear heat source, heatconduction with a viscous heat source, heat conduction with aPetrochemical heat source, heat conduction through composite walls, heatconduction in a cooling fin, forced convection, free convection.

UNIT-IV:

Concentration distributions in solids and laminar flow: shell massbalances; boundary conditions, diffusion through a stagnant gas film,diffusion with a heterogeneous Petrochemical reaction, diffusion with ahomogeneous Petrochemical reaction, diffusion into a falling liquid film(gas absorption), diffusion into a falling liquid film (solid dissolution),


diffusion and Petrochemical reaction inside a porous catalyst.

UNIT-V:

The equations of change: Derivation of the equation of continuity inRectangular and Polar coordinates, the equation of motion, the equationof energy, the equation of continuity of a component in multi componentmixture (in rectangular coordinates only) the equations of change in termsof the substantial derivative.

UNIT-VI:

Use of equations of change to solve one dimensional steady stateproblems of momentum, heat and component transfer

UNIT –VII:

Unsteady state one-dimensional transport of momentum, heat andcomponent transfer.

UNIT-VIII:

Introduction to Turbulent transport, Time smoothing of equation change,Models for turbulent flux (explanation of equations only).

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Transport Phenomena by Bird R.B., Stewart W.C., Lightfoot F.N., 2nd

ed. John Wiley & Sons Inc, U.S.A, 1960.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Transport Processes : Momentum, Heat and Mass, C.J. Geankoplis,PHI, Allyn and Bacon Inc., 2nd Revised Edition, 1983.

2. Transport Phenomena for Engineers by L. Theodore, Internationaltext book company, 1971.

3. Transport Phenomena- A Unified Approach, Robert S. Brodkey,Harry C. Hershay, McGraw-Hill International Edition,1988

4. Transport Phenomena and Unit Operations-A combined Approach,Richard G. Griskey, John Wiley and Sons, 2002.

5. Mass Transport Phenomena, Christie J. Geankoplis, Ohio State UnivBookstore, 1984.

6. Modeling in Transport Phenomena: A Conceptual Approach, IsmailTosun, Elsevier, 2002.

142 2010-2011



PETROLEUM REFINING & PETROCHEMICAL PLANT DESIGN

UNIT-I

Overview of plant design: General overall design considerations- Basicconcepts of process design for petroleum refining and petrochemicalplants- Property estimations- Data bases- Safety considerations -Environmental protection-Plant location-Plant operation & control.

UNIT-II

Process planning, scheduling and flow sheet design: Flow sheetdevelopment-Computer aided flow sheeting- The sequential modularsimulation - Types of flow sheets - Computer aided flow sheet design/drafting- Flow sheet symbols- Working schedules – Information checklists-Systems units- Systems of designs pressures- Time planning andscheduling- Plant Layout – Cost estimation and Economic evaluation.

UNIT-III

Fluid flow equipment: Materials handling equipment & design basicconcepts- Piping in fluid transports processes- Pumping of fluids-Compression and expansion of fluids- Flow measurements- Storage &containment of fluids- Transport of solids- Handling of solids.

UNIT-IV

Design of mass transfer equipment-I: Plate and packed distillation columns- Examples from petrochemical industry-Distillation columns in refining-Atmospheric and vacuum distillation column design.

UNIT-V

Design of mass transfer equipment-II: Design of equipment for extraction,absorption, stripping, adsorption and humidification.

UNIT-VI

Process furnaces: Furnace functions- Description of furnace- Differenttypes of furnaces- Furnace thermal efficiency – Component parts offurnace- Designing a furnace.

UNIT-VII

Heat exchangers: Heat exchanger functions- Operating principle –


Technological construction principles and circulation modes- ParametersInfluencing exchanger performance- Critical points in selecting Heatexchanger type and technological design- Shell and tube heat exchangers-Other tubular exchangers- Compact non-tubular exchangers –Air-cooledexchangers- Direct contact exchangers.

UNIT-VIII

Design of reactors: An introduction to reactors- Reactors used inrefineries like steam cracking reactors, dimerization reactors, gas scrubbers,aliphatic alkylators, hydrogenates, catalytic reformers, catalytic crackers,and hydrotreaters.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Petroleum Refining: Materials and Equipment, P. Trambouze, EditionsTechnip, 2000.

2. Applied Process Design for Chemical & Petro Chemical Plants, E.ELudwizg, Vol-1,2 & 3, Gulf professional publishing , 3rd Edition ,Elsevier,2001.

3. Plant Design & Economics for Chemical Engineers, Max Peters,Klaus D. Timmerhaus, Ronald West, 5th Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill,2011.

REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Chemical Engineering Design, R.Sinnot and Gavin Towler, 5th Edition,

Butterworth-Heinmann, 2009.

2. Chemical Process Equipment Selection & Design, J.R. Couper,W.R.Penny, J.R. Fair, & S. M. Walas, Revised 2nd Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2010.

3. Introduction to Process Engineering and Design, S.B.Thakore andB.I.Bhatt, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2007.

4. Chemical Processing Engineering: Design & Economics, H.Silla,Marcel Dekkar,Inc., 2003.

5. A Guide to Chemical Engineering Process Design & Economics, GaelD.Ulrich, Process Publishing, 1984.

6. Process Engineering and Design Using Visual Basic, Arun Datta,CRC Press, 2008.

144 2010-2011


IVYear B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering – I Sem.

CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING – II

UNIT–I:

Basics of non-ideal flow: E, the age distribution of fluid, the RTD,conversion in non-ideal flow reactors, diagonizing reactors ills (qualitativediscussion only).

UNIT –II:

The dispersion model- axial dispersion, correlations for axial dispersion,Petrochemical reaction and dispersion.

UNIT –III:

The tanks in series model- pulse response experiments and the RTD,Petrochemical conversion.

The convection model for laminar flow- the convective model and its RTD,Petrochemical conversion in laminar flow reactors.

UNIT –IV:

Earliness of mixing, segregation and RTD- self-mixing of a single fluid,mixing of two miscible fluids.

UNIT –V:

Catalysis and catalytic reactors- catalysts, steps in a catalytic reactions,synthesizing a rate law, mechanism and rate limiting step. (From chapter6 Fogler).

UNIT –VI:

Heterogeneous reactions- introduction.

Solid catalyzed reaction:- pore diffusion resistance combined with surfacekinetics, porous catalyst particles, heat effects during reaction, performanceequations for reactors containing porous catalyst particles.

UNIT –VII:

Solid catalyzed reactions: Experimental methods for finding rates

Deactivating catalysts- mechanisms of catalyst deactivation, the rate andperformance equations.


UNIT –VIII:

Fluid-fluid reactions: kinetics- the rate equation.

Fluid-particle reactions: kinetics- selection of a model, shrinking coremodel for spherical particles of unchanging size, rate of reaction forshrinking spherical particles, extensions, determination of rate controllingstep.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Chemical Reaction Engineering by Octave Levenspiel 3rd ed. WileyEastern Ltd.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, H.S. Fogler, 2nd Edition.PHI, 1992.

2. Chemical Engineering Kinetics , J.M.Smith, 3rd Edition. McGraw-Hill, 1981.

3. Elementary Chemical Reactor Analysis, Aris. R., Prentice-Hall,Englewood Cliffs, 1969.

4. Modeling of Chemical Kinetics and Reactor Design, Coker, A.K., GulfProfessional Publishing, 2001.

5. Fundamentals of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Davis, M.E., andR.J. Davis, McGraw-Hill, 2002.

6. Chemical Reactor Theory: An Introduction, Denbigh K.G., and J.C.R.Turner, 3rd Ed., Cambridge University Press, 1984.

7. Chemical Reactor Analysis and Design, Froment, G.B., and K.B.Bischoff, 2nd Ed., Wiley, 1990.

8. An Introduction to Chemical Engineering Kinetics and ReactorDesign, C.G. Hill Jr., John Wiley & Sons, 1977.

9. Chemical Reaction Engineering: A First Course, Metcalfe, I.S., OxfordUniversity Press, 1997.

10. Chemical Reaction Engineering and Kinetics, Missen, R.W., C.A.Mimsand B.A. Saville, Wiley, Toronto, 1999.

11. The Engineering of Chemical Reactions, Schmidt, L.D., OxfordUniversity Press, New York 1998.

12. Chemical reactor design, Peter Harriott, Marcel Dekkar, 2002.13. Reaction Kinetics for Chemical Engineers, Stanley M.Walas. Uni

Publishers, 1989.

146 2010-2011



ENERGY MANAGEMENT

UNIT – I

Introduction: Global & Indian energy scenario-Classification of energysources-Energy needs of growing economy-Energy sector reform-Energyand environment-Global environmental concerns-Basics of energy and itsvarious forms.

UNIT – II

Energy audit: Types of energy audit- Energy management (audit) approach-understanding energy costs-Bench marking-Energy performance-Matchingenergy use to requirement-Maximizing system efficiencies-Optimizing theinput energy requirements-Fuel and energy substitution-Energy auditinstruments.

Material and energy balance: Facility as an energy system- Methods forpreparing process flow-Material and energy balance diagrams.

UNIT – III

Energy action planning, financial management: Financial analysistechniques-Risk and sensitivity analysis- Financing options- Energyperformance contracts and role of ESCOs- Energy Monitoring andTargeting: Elements of monitoring & targeting-Data and information-Analysis, techniques -Energy consumption, production-Cumulative sumof differences (CUSUM).

UNIT – IV

Building envelope: Principles of analysis-Envelope performance -Envelopeanalysis of existing and new buildings-Building standards for new andexisting constructions.

HVAC Systems types-Energy conservation opportunities-Coolingequipment-Domestic hot water estimating HVAC energy consumption.

UNIT – VI

Principles of electric energy management-Energy management controlsystems-Energy systems maintenance-Energy management in water andwaste water treatment-Solid waste treatment- air pollution control systems.


UNIT – VII

Energy management in boilers and fired systems-Steam and condensatesystems- Cogeneration – Waste heat recovery-Energy management inprocess industries.

UNIT – VIII

Energy security- Codes- Standards- Electricity act-Energy conservationact.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Energy Management and Conservation Handbook, Frank Kreith &D. Yogi Goswami, CRC Press, New York, 2008.

2. General Aspects of Energy Management and Audit, NationalProductivity Council of India, Chennai (Course Material- NationalCertification Examination for Energy Management).

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Energy Management Handbook, W.C. Turner, 5th Edition, MarcelDekker, Inc, New York, 2005.

2. Guide to Energy Management, B. L. Capehart, W. C. Turner, W. J.Kennedy, CRC Press, New York, 2005.

3. IEEE Recommended Practice for Energy Management in Industrialand commercial Facilities, IEEE standards Board, Piscataway, NJ,USA, 1996.

148 2010-2011



Open ElectiveINTDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

UNIT-I

Fundamentals of biochemical engineering sciences- Bio technology –Ancient and modern.

UNIT -II

Exploitation of microbes-Large scale process, Commercial exploitation-Micro gravity biotechnology (Space biotechnology).

UNIT -III

Animal biotechnology: Application of animal cell culture-Monoclonalantibodies-Transgenic animal and gene therapy.

UNIT -IV

Plant biotechnology: Plant cell-Tissue and organ culture processes –Engineering perspectives.

UNIT -V

Large scale separation processes: ATPS-Gradient elution and affinityinteraction.

UNIT -VI

Techno economics of biotechnology industries.

UNIT -VII

Legal, social and ethical aspects of biotechnology.

UNIT -VIII

Fermentation economics-isolation of micro organisms of potential industrialinterest -Market potential, Recovery costs.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Text book of Biotechnology, HK Das, John Wiley, 2004.

2. Concepts in Biotechnology, Balasubramanium, University Press, 2nd

Edition, 2004.


REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Molecular Biotechnology, Bernard R. Glick and J.J.Pasternack, AS MPress, 2010.

2. Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering, Bailey Ollis, 2nd Edition,McGraw-Hill, 1986

3. Introduction to Biotechnology, Ray V.Herren, Delmar Cengagelearning, 2012.

150 2010-2011



Open ElectiveGREEN FUEL TECHNOLOGIES

UNIT-I

Introduction: Plant based biofuels- World biofuels scenario-Thermochemical conversion of biomass to liquids and gaseous fuels.

UNIT-II

Bioethanol from biomass: Production of ethanol from molasses - Bioethanolfrom starchy biomass: Production of starch Saccharifying enzymes -Hydrolysis and fermentation.

UNIT-III

Bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass: Pretreatment of the substrates-Production of Cellulases and Hemicellulases- Hydrolysis and fermentation.

UNIT-IV

Biodiesel production technologies and substrates- Lipase-catalyzedpreparation of biodiesel-Biodiesel production with supercritical fluidtechnologies.

UNIT-V

Biodiesel from different plant seeds: Palm oil diesel production and itsexperimental test on a diesel engine - Biodiesel production using karanja(pongamia pinnata) and jatropha (jatropha curcas) seed oil - Biodieselproduction form rubber seed oil and other vegetable oils.

UNIT-VI

Microbial production of methane: Different types of bio-digesters andbiogas technology in India.

UNIT-VII

Hydrogen production by fermentation-Microbial fuel cells.

UNIT-VIII

Biodiesel from algae: Algaculture-Challenges-Algaculture for biodiesel


production-Advantages of biodiesel from Algae oil-Research &Development.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Hand book of Plant Based Biofuels, Ashok Pandey, CRC Press, 2009.

2. Biofuels Engineering Process Technology, Caye M. Drapcho, NghiemPhu Nhuan, Terry H. Walker, McGraw-Hill, 2008.

152 2010-2011



Open ElectiveFUNDAMENTALS OF PETROLEUM REFINERY ENGINEERING

UNIT-I

Introduction: The evolution of petroleum refining – Petroleum refining inIndia- From the oil patch to the refinery- Oil patch operations – Gas plants– Transportation – LNG.

Crude oil characteristics: Crude oil composition–Distillation curves–Fractions–Cutting crudes – Gravities – Sulfur content.

UNIT-II

Distilling: The simple still– Distillation column–Reflux and reboil–Cutpoints–Settling cut points-variations.

Vacuum flashing: The cracking phenomena – Effects of low pressure–Vacuum flashing–Adjusting the distillation curve.

UNIT-III

The chemistry of petroleum: Atoms and molecules–Hydrocarbons –Naphthenes – Olefins and aromatics.

Refinery gas plants: Sats gas plant – Cracked gas plant – Disposition –Storage facilities.

Cat cracking: The process – Reaction section – Catalysts –The regenerator– The fractionator – Yields process variables.

UNIT-IV

Alkylation: The chemical reaction – The process – Yields – Processvariables – Polyplants.

Cat forming: The chemical reactions – The process – Generative reformers– Regeneration – Continuous cat reforming – Process variables.

UNIT-V

Hydrocracking: The process – The hardware and the reactions.

Isomerization: Butane Isomerization – C5 / C

6 Isomerization.

Residue reduction: Thermal cracking and visbreaking – Coking – Cat


cracking and hydrocracking.

UNIT-VI

Gasoline: Gasoline engines–Vapor pressure–Octane number–Leadedgasoline–Petrochemical blending components – Combating smog andozone – TOx , NOx, VOx, and SOx gasoline blending.

Distillate and residual fuels: Kerosene and jet fuel – Heating oil –Automotive diesel fuel – Residual fuels.

UNIT-VII

Hydrogen, hydrotreating and sulfur plants: Hydrotreating – Hydrogensources – Sulfur facilities.

Asphalt: Composition – Asphaltic crude oils – Asphalt products.

Lubricants: Properties and specification – Refinery operations – Syntheticlubes – Grease – Waxes.

UNIT-VIII

Ethylene plants: The process – Refinery interactions – Products.

Simple and complex refineries – Solvent – Recovery of aromatics – Fuelheating values.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Petroleum Refining in Nontechnical Language, William L. Leffler, 4th

Edition, Penn well, 2008.

2. Modern Petroleum Refining Processes, B.K. Bhaskara Rao, 5th Edition,Oxford & IBH Publishing Company, 2008.

REFERENCE BOOK:

1. Fundamentals of Petroleum Refining, Mohemmed A. Fahim, Taher A.AL – Sahhat, Amal Elkilani, Elsevier, 2010.

154 2010-2011



Elective-IPROCESS MODELING AND SIMULATION

UNIT-I

Mathematical models for chemical engineering systems-Fundamentals-Introduction to fundamental laws.

UNIT -II

Examples of mathematical models of chemical engineering systems- Constantvolume CSTRS-Two heated tanks-Gas phase pressurized CSTR-Nonisothermal CSTR.

UNIT -III

Examples of single component vaporizer- Batch reactor-Reactor with masstransfer-Ideal binary distillation column- Batch distillation with holdup.

UNIT -IV

Numerical methods for simulation-I: Iterative methods-Bisection, falseposition, Newton–Raphson, successive approximation methods-Comparison of iterative methods-Solution of linear simultaneous algebraicequations- Computation of eigen values and eigen vectors- Gausselimination method- Gauss-Jordan and Gauss-Seidel’s method.

UNIT –V

Numerical methods for simulation-II: Numerical integration by trapezoidaland Simpson’s rules-Numerical solution of differential equations-Eulermethod, Runge-Kutta fourth order method-Milne predictor correctormethod.

Interpolation, Lagrange interpolation-Forward difference-Backwarddifference and central difference interpolation methods-Least squareapproximation of functions-Linear regression-Polynomial regression.

UNIT –VI

Computer simulation examples: Gravity flow tank- Three CSTRs in series-Binary distillation column- Batch reactor-Simulation of Non-isothermalCSTR-VLE dew point, bubble point calculations - Countercurrent heatexchanger.


UNIT -VII

Application of solution of partial differential equations in simulation:Techniques for convective problems-Unsteady state steam heat exchanger-Techniques for diffusive problems-Unsteady state heat conduction in arod.

UNIT -VIII

What are CFD and EFD? Introduction to numerical methods for CFD-Convection and diffusion - SIMPLE and SIMPLER algorithms – Navier-Stokes equation - Grid generation- Solution methods for PDE’s.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Process Modeling, Simulation and Control for Chemical Engineersby W. L. Luyben, McGraw Hill, 2nd Edition,1990.

2. Numerical Methods for Engineers, S.K. Gupta, New Age International,1995.

3. Computational Methods for Process Simulation, W.F.Ramirez, 2nd

Edition, Butterworth- Heinmann, 1997.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Modeling and Simulation in Chemical Engineering, Roger G.E. Franks,Wiley-Interscience, 1972.

2. Chemical Engineering: Modeling, Simulation and Similitude, T.G.Dobre, J. G. Sanchez Marcano, Wiley-VCH., 2007.

3. Applied Mathematics and Modeling for Chemical Engineers, R. G.Rice, D. D. Do, John Wiley & Sons, 1995.

4. Chemical Process Modeling and Computer Simulation, Jana AmiyaK. 2nd Edition, PHI learning, 2011.

5. Numerical Simulation of Fluid Flow and Heat, Mass Transfer process,N. C. Markatos, D. G. Tatchell, M. Cross; Springer, 1986.

6. Process Simulation, W. Fred Ramirez, Lexington Books, 1977.

156 2010-2011



Elective-IPIPELINE ENGINEERING

UNIT–I

Elements of pipeline design: Fluid properties – Environment - Effects ofpressure and temperature - Supply / Demand scenario - Route selection- Codes and standards - Environmental and hydrological considerations– Economics - Materials / Construction – Operation - Pipeline protection- Pipeline integrity monitoring.

Pipeline route selection, survey and geotechnical guidelines: Introduction- Preliminary route selection - Key factors for route selection - Engineeringsurvey - Legal survey - Construction / As-built survey - Geotechnicaldesign.

UNIT–II

Natural gas transmission: General flow equation – Steady state - Impactof gas molecular weight and compressibility factor on flow capacity - Flowregimes - Widely used steady-state flow equations – Summary of theimpact of different gas and pipeline parameters on the gas flow efficiency– Pressure drop calculation for pipeline in series and parallel – Pipeline gasvelocity – Erosional velocity – Optimum pressure drop for design purposes– Pipeline packing – Determining gas leakage using pressure drop method– Wall thickness / pipe grade – Temperature profile – Optimization process– Gas transmission solved problems.

UNIT–III

Gas compression and coolers–I: Types of compressors – Compressordrivers – Compressor station configuration – Thermodynamics of isothermaland adiabatic gas compression – Temperature change in adiabatic gascompression – Thermodynamics of polytropic gas compression – Gascompressors in series – Centrifugal compressor horsepower – Enthalpy /Entropy charts (Mollier diagram) – Centrifugal compressor performancecurve – Influence of pipeline resistance on centrifugal compressorperformance.

UNIT–IV

Gas compression and coolers – II: Reciprocation compressors – Gas


compression solved problems – Gas coolers – Air-cooled heat exchangers– Coolers heat transfer equations – Fan air mass flow rate – Required fanpower – Gas pressure drop in coolers – Iterative procedure for calculationsbased on unknown T

2.

UNIT–V

Liquid flow and pumps: Fully developed laminar flow in a pipe – Turbulentflow – Centrifugal pumps – Retrofitting for centrifugal pumps (Radial-flow)– Pump station control – Pump station piping design.

Transient flow in liquid and gas pipelines: Purpose of transient analysis– Theoretical fundamentals and transient solution technique – Applications– Computer applications.

UNIT–VI

Pipeline mechanical design: Codes and standards – Location classification– Pipeline design formula – Expansion and flexibility – Joint design forpipes of unequal wall thickness – Value assemblies – Scraper traps –Buoyancy control – Crossings – Depth of cover – Aerial markings –Warning signs.

UNIT–VII

Materials selection and quality management: Elements of design –Materials designation standards – Quality management.

Pipeline construction: Construction – Commissioning.

Pipeline protection, Instrumentation and digging: Pipeline coating –Cathodic protection – Cathodic protection calculations for land pipelines– Internal corrosion – Flow meters and their calibration – Sensors – Pigs.

UNIT–VIII

Pipeline operations, monitoring, maintenance and rehabilitation: Generaloperation of pipelines – Automatic control systems – Integrity monitoring– Different methods of leak detection.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Pipeline Design and Construction: A Practical Approach, M.Mahitpour, H. Golshan and M.A. Murray, 2nd Edition, ASME Press,2007.

2. Pipeline Engineering, Henry Liu, Lewis Publishers (CRC Press), 2003.

158 2010-2011

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Piping Calculation Manual, E. Shashi Menon, McGraw-Hill, 2004.

2. Piping and Pipeline Engineering: Design, Construction, MaintenanceIntegrity and Repair, George A. Antaki, CRC Press, 2003.

3. Pipeline Planning and Construction Field Manual, E. Shashi Menon,Gulf Professional Publishing, 2011.

4. Pipeline Rules of Thumb Handbook, E. W. McAllister, 7th Edition,2009.

5. Liquid Pipeline Hydraulics, E. Shashi Menon, Mareel Dekker, Inc.,2004.

6. Gas Pipeline Hydraulics, E. Shashi Menon, Taylor & Francis, 2005.




Elective-IPETROLEUM PRODUCTION ENGINEERING

UNIT-IPetroleum production system - Properties of oil & natural gas.UNIT-IIReservoir deliverability -Well bore performance.UNIT-IIIChoke performance - Well deliverability.UNIT-IVForecast of well production-Production decline analysis.UNIT-VWell tubing : Design & Selection; Separation system :Design &Selection;Transportation system :Design & Selection.UNIT-VIArtificial lift methods: sucker rod pumping - Gas lift - Other artificial liftmethods.UNIT-VIIProduction stimulation: Well problem identification - Matrix acidizing.UNIT-VIIIHydraulic fracturing- Production optimization.TEXT BOOKS:1. Petroleum Production Engineering: A Computer Assisted Approach,

Boyun Guo, William C. Lyons, Ali Ghalambor, Elsevier Science &Technology Books, 2007.

2. Petroleum Production Systems, M. J. Economides, A. Daniel Hill &C. E. Economides, Prentice- Hall, 1994.

REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Production Technology I-II, Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Herriot

Watt University. 2. The Technology of Artificial Lift Method, Vol. 1, Brown, E., Pennwell

Books, 1977.

160 2010-2011



PROCESS EQUIPMENT DESIGN AND DRAWING LAB(Using AUTOCAD)

1. Drawing of flow sheet symbols.

2. Drawing of instrumentation symbols.

3. Drawing of piping & instrumentation diagrams.

4. Drawing of flow diagram of a process.

5. Mechanical aspects chemical equipment design and drawing offollowing equipment:

a) Double pipe heat exchanger

b) Shell and tube heat exchanger

c) Absorber

d) Distillation column with Auxiliaries

e) Spherical Storage Vessel.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Joshi’s Process Equipment Design by V.V. Mahajani, S.B. Umarji, 4th

Edition, Macmillan Publishers, 2009.




SIMULATION LAB

The following experiments have to be conducted using C/C++/ Simulinkusing MATLAB/Hysys:

1. Benzene-Toluene distillation Column

2. Ethylbenzene-Styrene distillation Column

3. Flash Distillation

4. Non isothermal CSTR

5. Crude Distillation Unit

6. Vacuum Distillation Unit

7. Shell & tube heat exchanger

8. Interacting system- two tank liquid level

9. Non interacting system-two tank liquid level

10. Plug flow reactor

11. Double Pipe Heat Exchanger

12. Absorber for CO2 and H2S.

162 2010-2011



PRESENTATION OF SUMMER TRAINING REPORT

The presentation of the summer training report by the candidates shouldbe conducted by a committee constituted by the Head of the Departmentfor evaluation.

Summer training report of the students shall be evaluated for 50 marks bythe committee appointed by the university.



IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering – II Sem.

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY & HAZARD MANAGEMENT

UNIT-I

Introduction: Safety programs - Engineering ethics - Accident and lossstatistics - Acceptable risk - Public perceptions - The nature of theaccident process - Inherent safety.

Toxicology: How toxicants enter biological organisms - How toxicants areeliminated from biological organisms - Effects of toxicants on biologicalorganisms - Toxicological studies - Dose Vs response - Models for doseand response curves - Relative toxicity - Threshold limit values.

UNIT-II

Industrial hygiene: Government of India regulations and OSHA - Industrialhygiene identification - Evaluation - Control.

UNIT-III

Source models: Introduction to source models - Flow of liquid througha hole - Flow of liquid through a hole in a tank - Flow of liquids throughpipes - Flow of vapor through holes - Flow of gases through pipes -Flashing liquids - Liquid pool evaporation or boiling - Realistic and worst-Case releases.

UNIT-IV

Toxic release and dispersion models: Parameters affecting dispersion -Neutrally buoyant dispersion models - Pasqual-Gifford model - Dense gasdispersion.

UNIT-V

Fires and explosions: Classification of fires - The fire triangle - Distinctionbetween fires and explosions – Definitions - Flammability characteristicsof liquids and vapors - Limiting oxygen concentration and Inerting -Flammability diagram - Ignition energy – Autoignition – Auto oxidation -Adiabatic compression - Ignition sources - Sprays and mists – Explosions.

UNIT-VI

Designs to prevent fires and explosions: Inerting - Static electricity -Controlling static electricity - Explosion-Proof equipment and instruments

164 2010-2011

– Ventilation - Sprinkler systems - Miscellaneous designs for preventingfires and explosions.

UNIT-VII

Introduction to reliefs: Relief concepts – Definitions - Location of reliefs- Relief types - Relief scenarios - Data for sizing reliefs - Relief systems.

Relief sizing: Conventional spring-Operated reliefs in liquid service -Conventional spring-Operated reliefs in vapor or gas service - Rupturedisc reliefs in liquid service - Rupture disc reliefs in vapor or gas service- Deflagration venting for dust and vapor explosions - Venting for firesexternal to process vessels - Reliefs for thermal expansion of processfluids.

UNIT-VIII

Hazards identification: Process hazards checklists - Hazards surveys -Hazards and operability studies - Safety reviews - Other methods.

Risk assessment: Review of probability theory - Event trees - Fault trees- QRA and LOPA.

Accident investigations: Learning from accidents - Layered investigations- Investigation process - Investigation summary - Aids for diagnosis -Aids for recommendations.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Chemical Process Safety: Fundamentals with Applications, Daniel A.Crowl, Joseph F. Louvar, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2011.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Safety and Accident Prevention in Chemical Operations, H.H.Fawcettand W.S.Wood, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1982.

2. Guidelines For Process Safety: Fundamentals in General PlantOperations, Center for Chemical Process Safety of the AmericanInstitute of Chemical Engineers, 1995.

3. ILO – OSH 2001.4. Government of India: The Factories Act 1948, amended 1954, 1970,

1976 and 1987; The manufacture, storage and import of hazardouschemicals rules, 1989; The Explosives Act 1884; The Petroleum Act1934; National policy on safety, Health and environment at workplace,Government of India; Constitutional provisions of occupationalsafety and health, The Constitution of India.




Elective –IIFLUIDIZATION ENGINEERING

UNIT-I

Introduction: The phenomenon of fluidization-Liquid like behaviour of afluidized bed-Comparison with other contacting methods-Advantages anddisadvantages of fluidized beds.

UNIT-II

Industrial applications of fluidized beds: Coal gasification-Gasoline fromother petroleum fractions; Gasoline from natural and synthesis gases-Heatexchange-Coating of metal objects with plastics-Drying of solids-Synthesisof phthalic anhydride-Acrylonitrile-Polymerization of olefins-FCCU-Fluidizedcombustion of coal-Incineration of solid waste- Activation of carbon-Gasification of waste- Bio-fluidization.

UNIT-III

Fluidization and mapping of regimes: Minimum fluidization velocity-Pressure drop vs. Velocity diagram-Effect of temperature and pressure onfluidization-Geldart classification of particles- Terminal velocity of particles-Transport disengaging height-Turbulent fluidization-Pneumatic transportof solids-Fast fluidization-Solid circulation systems- Voidage diagram-Mapping of regimes of fluidization.

UNIT-IV

Bubbles in dense bed: Single rising bubbles- Davidson model for gas flowat bubbles-Evaluation of models for gas flow at bubbles.

UNIT-V

Bubbling fluidized beds: Experimental findings- Estimation of bed Voidages-Physical models: Simple Two phase model; K-L model.

UNIT-VI

High velocity fluidization: Turbulent fluidized bed- Fast fluidization-Pressure drop in turbulent and fast fluidization.

Solids movement, mixing, segregation and staging: Vertical movement ofsolids- Horizontal movement of solids; Staging of fluidized beds.

166 2010-2011

UNIT-VII

Gas dispersion and gas interchange in bubbling beds: Dispersion of gasin beds- Gas interchange between bubble and emulsion- Estimation of gasinterchange coefficients.

UNIT-VIII

Particle to gas mass transfer: Experimental Interpolation of mass transfercoefficients- Heat transfer- Experimental heat transfer from the bubblingbed model.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Fluidization Engineering, Kunii Diazo and Octave Levenspiel, 2nd

Edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1991.

2. Fluidized Bed Technology: Principles and Applications, J.R. Howard,Taylor and Francis, 1989.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Fluidization Fundamentals and Application, Howard Littman et al.,American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 1970.

2. Handbook of Fluidization and Fluid Particle Systems, Wen-ChingYang, CRC Press, 2003.




Elective –IIFLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING TECHNOLOGY

UNIT-I

Introduction: Process overview – History- Role in petroleum refining –Process description commercial FCC Designs- Future trends.

UNIT-II

Fundamentals: Reactions- Feed stock and feed stock characterization-Yields and products – Kinetics – Product properties- Catalyst – Heatbalances – Mass balances and test runs – Hydrogen balance – Pressurebalance.

UNIT-III

Riser/Reactor design and operations: Feed injection section – Riser –Riser termination-Reactor vessel- Catalyst stripper – Operatingconsiderations.

UNIT-IV

Regenerator design: Coke combustion – Vessel design – Air distributor-Catalyst distribution – Cyclones–Air blower- carbon burning kinetics-Regenerator heat removal- Air heaters– Operating considerations.

UNIT-V

Flue gas systems: Flue gas flows and properties- Flue gas systems- Fluegas control valves- Orifice chamber- Third stage separators- Turboexpanders- Water sprays- Flue gas coolers- Electrostatic precipitators- SO

xremoval - NOX removal – Design and operating considerations.

Cyclones: FCC Cyclones systems- Cyclone design- Cyclone performance-Operating considerations.

UNIT-VI

Fluidization and stand pipe flow: Fluidization fundamentals- Fluidization inFCC in operations- Catalyst densities – Stand pipe- Gamma scans andradiotracer studies- Cold flow models- Slide valves.

168 2010-2011

UNIT-VII

Product recovery: Reactor transfer line- Main fractionator- Gas recoveryunit- Treating- Operating considerations.

UNIT-VIII

Catalyst technology, selection and monitoring: Early catalysts- Catalysttechnology- Catalyst manufacture- Catalyst testing and evaluation- Catalystmonitoring- Catalyst additives.

Trouble shooting: Trouble shooting basics- Problem areas- Turnaroundinspections.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Fluid Catalytic Cracking Technology and Operation, Joseph W.Wilson, Pennwell Publications Company, 1997.

REFERENCE BOOK:

1. Fluid Catalytic Cracking Hand Book, Reza Sadeghbeigi, 2nd Edition,Gulf Professional Publishing 2000.




Elective –IIHEAVY OIL PROCESSING

UNIT-I

General considerations: Over view of heavy oil processing.

Physical properties with carbon rejection: Deasphalting- Deasphaltingprocess- Process development, Industrial plants-Variants of the process-Choice of operating conditions- Nature of solvent- Influence of temperature,Influence of feedstock characteristics- Uses and further processing ofproducts- Deasphalting oils, Possible uses of asphalts.

UNIT-II

Carbon rejecting processes by thermal treatment: Different processes-Common points and specific features- Points in common, specific featuresand differences, Delayed coking and similar processes-Fluid coking andsimilar processes.

UNIT-III

Resid cat cracking- Performance of thermal carbon rejection processes-Pyrolysis processes, Resid cat cracking - Products and further uses-Products from pyrolysis processes- Products from resid cat cracking.

UNIT- IV

Thermal conversion processes: Thermal conversion processes withouthydrogen visbreaking- Chemistry of visbreaking-Visbreaking processes-Uses and further refining products.

UNIT- V

Noncatalytic conversion processes under hydrogen pressure:Hydrovisbreaking- Hydrogen donor processes- Slurry processes underhydrogen pressure.

UNIT- VI

Catalytic conversion under hydrogen pressure: Catalytic hydrotreating–Catalyst characteristics- Demetallization catalysts, Hydrorefining catalysts-Operating conditions and kinetics.

170 2010-2011

UNIT-VII

Types of catalytic hydrotreating processes: Fixed bed processes, movingbed processes, ebullated bed processes. Upgrading and uses of products.

UNIT- VIII

Resid processing schemes: Catalytic hydroconversion and visbreaking-Deasphalting and delayed coking- Treating of heavy crudes – Hydrotreatingand coking.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Resid and Heavy Oil Processing, J.F. Le Page, S.G. Chatila and M.Davidson, Editions Technip, 1992.

REFERENCE BOOK:

1. Heavy Oil Processing Handbook, Teruo Noguchi, ResearchAssociation for Residual Oil Processing, 1991.




Elective –IIICOMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

UNIT-I

Introduction: Algebraic equations-Process simulation- Differentialequations.

Review of numerical methods and their application in fluid flow, heattransfer, phase equilibria & mass transfer operations.

Equations of state: Mathematical formulation –Solving equations of stateusing Excel & Solver- Solving equations of state using MATLAB with afew examples.

UNIT-II

Vapor liquid equilibrium: Flash and phase separation, Isothermal flash–development of equations, Example using Excel, Thermodynamicparameters-Example using MATLAB, Non ideal Liquids–Test ofthermodynamic model.

Chemical reaction equilibrium: Chemical equilibrium expression- Exampleof Hydrogen for fuel cells, Solution using Excel & MATLAB; Chemicalequilibria with two or more equations- Multiple Equations- SolutionsUsing MATLAB.

UNIT-III

Mass balances with recycle streams: Mathematical formulation-Examplewithout recycle-Example with recycle; Comparison of sequential andsimultaneous solution methods- Example of process simulation usingExcel for simple mass balances.

UNIT-IV

Mass transfer operations: Multi component distillation with shortcutmethods-Multi component distillation with rigorous plate-to-plate methods-Packed bed absorption & Gas plant production separation.

UNIT-V

Chemical reactors: Mathematical formulation of reactor problems plugflow reactor and batch reactor, continuous stirred tank reactor-Using

172 2010-2011

MATLAB to solve ordinary differential equations- Isothermal plug flowreactor, Non isothermal plug flow reactor- Using FEM LAB to solveordinary differential equations- Isothermal plug flow reactor, Non isothermalplug flow reactor-Reactor problems with mole changes and variabledensity-Chemical reactors with mass transfer limitations- Continuous stirredtank reactors-Transient continuous stirred tank reactors.

UNIT-VI

Transport Processes in One Dimension: Applications in chemicalengineering–Mathematical formulations- Flow of a Newtonian fluid in apipe- Flow of a non newtonian fluid in a pipe- Transient heat transfer-Linear adsorption.

UNIT-VII

Fluid flow in two and three dimensions: Mathematical foundation of fluidflow- Entry flow in a pipe-Entry flow of a non-newtonian fluid-flow inmicro?uidic devices-Turbulent flow in a pipe-Start Up flow in a pipe-Flowthrough an ori?ce-Flow in a serpentine mixer-Boundary conditions-Nondimensionalization.

UNIT-VIII

Convective diffusion equation in two and three dimensions: Convectivediffusion equation-Nondimensional equations- Boundary conditions- Heattransfer in two dimensions-Heat conduction with a hole-Dispersion inmicro?uidic devices- Concentration dependent viscosity- Viscousdissipation-Chemical reactor-Wall reactions-Mixing in a serpentine mixer.

TEXT BOOK:1. Introduction to Chemical Engineering Computing, B.A. Finlayson,

John Wiley & Sons., Inc, 2006.REFERENCES BOOKS:1. Applied Mathematical Methods for Chemical Engineers, Norman W.

Loney, 2nd Edition, Taylor & Francis, 2007.2. Mathematical Methods in Chemical Engineering, Arvind Verma, M.

Morbidelli, Oxford University Press, 1997.3. Applied Mathematics in Chemical Engineering, Mickley, Harold S,

Thomas K. Sherwood and Charles E. Reed, , Tata McGraw – Hill,2001.

4. Mathematical Methods in Chemical Engineering, V. G. Jensen, G. V.Jeffreys 2nd Edition, Academic press, 1978.




Elective –IIIMULTICOMPONENT DISTILLATION

UNIT-I

Introduction to distillation: Vapor liquid equilibrium (VLE)- K-Values andrelative volatility-ideal and non-ideal systems-effect of temperature, pressureand composition on K-values and volatility-Phase diagrams-Calculationsof bubble points and dew points- Azeotropes- Key fractionation concepts-Theoretical stages-x-y Diagrams- Key concepts of multicomponentdistillation- Analyzing computer simulation results by graphical techniques.

UNIT-II

Column process design: Optimization- Shortcut calculations-Process designand optimization.

Reflux and stages: shortcut methods.

UNIT-III

Rigorous Distillation Calculations: Basic concepts –Rigorouscomputational methods-Basic classifications – Thiele- Geddes method andits variations- Tridiagonal matrix method- Lewis method- B.P.method-Computations using computer programming.

UNIT-IV

Azeotropic and extraction distillation: Concepts- Configurations and casestudies.

UNIT-V

Multicomponent single stage operations: Flash vaporization - Raleighdistillation and steam distillation.

UNIT-VI

Tray design and operations: The common tray types-Tray capacity limits-Tray hydraulic parameters- Flow regimes on trays.

UNIT-VII

Tray column sizing & tray efficiency: Tray design and tray efficiencyfundamentals- Predictions of tray efficiency.

174 2010-2011

UNIT-VIII

Packing design and operations: Packing types- Classifications-Packingobjectives- Types of structured packings- Packing hydraulics- Comparingtray and packing-Sizing of packed column.

Packing efficiency & predictions: The transfer unit concepts-The HETPconcepts – Factors affecting HETP – HETP Predictions- Mass transfermodels – Rules of thumb – Data interpolation.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Distillation Design, Henry Kister, McGraw-Hill, 1992.

2. Distillation, Mathew Van Winkle, McGraw-Hill, 1967.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Fundamentals of Multicomponent Distillation, C. D. Holland, McGraw-Hill, 1997.

2. Distillation Principles and Processes, Sydney Young, White MulePress, 2011.

3. Elements of Fractional Distillation, C.S. Robinson, E. R. Gilliland, 4th

Edition, 1950.

4. Distillation Design in Practice, L. M. Rose, Elsevier, 1985.

5. Distillation Tray Fundamentals, M. J. Lockett, Cambridge UniversityPress, 2009.




Elective –IIIOPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES

UNIT-I

Introduction to optimization: Introduction-Design vector- Designconstraints-Constraint surface- Objective function-Objective functionsurfaces-Classification of optimization problems-Optimization techniques-Engineering optimization literature-Solution of optimization problems usingMATLAB.

UNIT-II

Classical optimization techniques: Single-Variable optimization,Multivariable optimization with no constraints-Multivariable optimizationwith equality constraints-Multivariable optimization with inequalityconstraints-Convex programming problem.

UNIT-III

Linear programming-I:

Simplex method: Applications of linear programming-Standard form of alinear programming problem-Geometry of linear programming problems-Definitions and theorems-Solution of a system of linear Simultaneousequations-Pivotal reduction of a general system of equations-Motivationof the simplex method-Simplex algorithm-Two phases of the simplexmethod-MATLAB solution of LP problems.

UNIT-IV

Linear programming -II:

Additional topics and extensions: Revised simplex method-Duality inlinear programming-Decomposition principle-Sensitivity or Postoptimalityanalysis-Transportation problem, Karmarkar’s interior method-Quadraticprogramming - MATLAB solutions.

UNIT-V

Nonlinear programming-I: One dimensional minimization methods:

Elimination methods: Unrestricted search- Exhaustive search- Dichotomoussearch-Interval halving method-Fibonacci method-Golden section method-

176 2010-2011

Comparison of elimination methods.

Interpolation methods: Quadratic interpolation method-Cubic interpolationmethod-Direct root methods-Practical considerations-MATLAB solutionof one-dimensional minimization problems.

UNIT-VI

Nonlinear programming-II:

Unconstrained optimization techniques: Classification of unconstrainedminimization methods- General approach- Rate of convergence- Scaling ofdesign variables.

Direct search methods: Random search methods- Grid search method-Univariate method-Pattern directions- Powell’s method-Simplex method.

Indirect search (descent) methods: Gradient of a function- Steepestdescent (Cauchy) method- Conjugate gradient (Fletcher–Reeves) method-Newton’s method- Marquardt method- Quasi-Newton methods- Davidon–Fletcher–Powell method- Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno method- Testfunctions-MATLAB Solution of unconstrained optimization problems.

UNIT-VII

Nonlinear programming-III:

Constrained optimization techniques: Characteristics of a constrainedproblem

Direct methods: Random search methods-Complex method-Sequentiallinear programming-Basic approach in the methods of feasible directions-Zoutendijk’s method of feasible directions-Rosen’s gradient projectionmethod-Generalized reduced gradient method-Sequential quadraticprogramming.

Indirect methods: Transformation techniques-Basic approach of the penaltyfunction method-Interior penalty function method-Convex programmingproblem, Exterior penalty function method-Extrapolation techniques in theinterior penalty function method-Augmented lagrange multiplier method-Checking the convergence of constrained optimization problems-Testproblems-MAT LAB solution of constrained optimization problems.

UNIT-VIII

Geometric programming: Introduction-Polynomial-Unconstrainedminimization problem-Solution of an unconstrained geometric programming


program using differential calculus-Solution of an unconstrained geometricprogramming problem using arithmetic–Geometric inequality.

Dynamic programming: Multistage decision processes-Concept ofsuboptimization and principle of optimality-Computational procedure indynamic programming-Example illustrating the calculus method of solution.

Modern methods of optimization: Genetic algorithms.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Engineering Optimization: Theory and Practice, Singiresu S. Rao, 4th

Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2009.

2. Optimization for Engineering Design: Algorithms and Examples,Kalyanmoy Deb, PHI-2009

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Optimization of Chemical Processes by T. F. Edgar and HimmelblauD, Mc-Graw. Hill.2001.

2. Optimization Concepts and Applications in Engineering, AshokBelegundu, Tirupathi R. Chandrupatla, Cambridge University Press,2011.

3. Practical Optimization: Algorithms and Engineering Applications,Andreas Antoniou, Wu-shing Lu, Springer, 2007.

178 2010-2011



Elective –IVNATURAL GAS PROCESSING

UNIT-I

Overview of natural gas Industry: Introduction- The world picture fornatural gas- Natural Gas in India - Nonconventional gas reserves in India-Sources of natural gas- Natural gas compositions – Classification-Processing and principal products- Product specifications- Combustioncharacteristics. Overview of gas plant processing- Roles of gas plants -Plant processes- Important support- Contractual agreements andeconomics.

UNIT-II

Field operations and inlet receiving: Introduction- Field operations- Gashydrates Inlet receiving- Safety and environmental considerations.

Compression: Introduction- Fundamentals- Thermodynamics ofcompression- Compressor types- Capacity and power calculations-Comparison of reciprocating and centrifugal compressors - Safety andenvironmental considerations.

UNIT-III

Gas treating: Introduction- Solvent absorption processes- Physicalabsorption- Adsorption- Cryogenic fractionation- Membranes-Nonregenerable hydrogen Sulfide scavengers- Biological processes- Safetyand environmental considerations.

UNIT-IV

Gas dehydration: Introduction- Water content of hydrocarbons- Gasdehydration processes - Safety and environmental considerations.

UNIT-V

Hydrocarbon recovery: Introduction- Process components- Recoveryprocesses - Safety and environmental considerations.

UNIT-VI

Nitrogen rejection: Introduction- Nitrogen rejection for gas upgrading-Nitrogen rejection for enhanced oil recovery- Safety and environmentalconsiderations.


Trace component recovery or removal: Introduction-Helium-Mercury-(BTEX) Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene.

UNIT-VII

Liquids processing: Introduction- Condensate processing- NGLprocessing- Safety and environmental considerations.

Sulfur recovery: Introduction- Properties of sulfur- Sulfur recovery -Sulfur storage- Safety and environmental considerations.

Transportation and storage: Introduction-Gas – Liquids.

UNIT-VIII

Liquefied Natural Gas: Introduction- Gas treating before liquefaction-Liquefaction cycles- Storage of LNG- Transportation- Regasification andcold utilization of LNG- Economics - Plant efficiency - Safety andenvironmental considerations.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Fundamental of Natural Gas Processing, Arthur J. Kidnay, William R.Parrish, Taylor and Francis, 2006.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Natural Gas: A Basic Handbook, James G. Speight, Gulf PublishingCompany, 2007.

2. Gas Conditioning and Processing, John M. Campbell, Volume 2, 7th

Edition, Campbell Petroleum Series, 1992.3. Gas Conditioning and Processing, Robert N. Maddox, Volume 3, 3rd

Edition, Campbell Petroleum Series, 1982.4. Petroleum & Gas Field Processing, H. K. Abdel – Aal, Mohamed

Aggour and M. A. Fahim, Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2003.5. Engineering Data Book 12th Edition (Electronic), FPS Version, Volume

I & II, Gas Processers Suppliers Association (GPSA), 2005.6. Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing, Saeid

Mokhatab, William A. Poe, James G. Speight, Gulf ProfessionalPublishing, 2006.

7. Surface Production Operations, Ken Arnold, Maurice Stewart, Volume2, 2nd Edition, Elsevier Science, 1989.

8. Field Handling of Natural Gas, J. Leecraft, 4th Edition, PETEX, 2007.9. Plant Processing of Natural Gas, Doug Elliot, J.C. Kuo, Pervouz

Nasir, 2nd Edition, PETEX, 2012.

180 2010-2011



Elective –IVCOAL BED METHANE ENGINEERING

UNIT-I

Introduction: Overview of coal bed methane (CBM) in India – CBM vsconventional reservoirs.

UNIT-II

Geological influences on coat formation of coals – Coal chemistry –Significance of rank – Cleat system and natural fracturing.

UNIT-III

Sorption: Principles of Adsorption-The Isotherm construction-CH4 retention

by coal seams-CH4 content determination in coal seams-The isotherm for

recovery prediction-Model of the micro-pores-coal sorption of othermolecular species.

UNIT-IV

Reservoir Analysis: Coal as a reservoir-Permeability-Porosity-Gas flow-Reserve analysis-Well spacing and drainage area-Enhanced recovery.

UNIT-V

Well Construction: Drilling-Cementing.

Formation Evaluations, Logging: Borehole environment-Tool measurementresponse in coal-wire line log evaluation of CBM wells-Gas-In-Placecalculations-Recovery factor-Drainage area calculations-Coal permeability/Cleating-Natural fracturing and stress orientation-Mechanical rockproperties in CBM evaluation.

UNIT-VI

Completions: Open hole completions-Open hole cavitation process, Casedhole completions- Multi zone entry in cased hole.

UNIT-VII

Hydraulic fracturing of coal seams: Need for fracturing coals-Uniqueproblems in fracturing coals-Types of fracturing fluids for coal-In situconditions-Visual observation of fractures.


UNIT-VIII

Water production and disposal: Water production rates from methanewells-Chemical content-Environmental regulations-Water disposaltechniques-Economics of coal bed methane recovery.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Coal Bed Methane: Principles and Practice, R. E. Rogers, 3rd Edition,Prentice Hall, 1994.

2. Coal Bed Methane, Robert A. Lamarre, American Association ofPetroleum Geologists, 2008.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Fundamentals of Coal Bed Methane Reservoir Engineering, JohnSeidle, Pennwell Corp., 2011.

2. Coal Bed Methane, Society of Petroleum, 1992.

3. A Guide to Coal Bed Methane Operations, B. A. Hollub, Society ofPetroleum, 1992.

182 2010-2011



Elective –IVPETROLEUM REFINING & PETOCHEMICAL BIO-TECHNOLOGY

UNIT-I

Overview of application of biotechnology in petroleum industry.

UNIT-II

Biocatalytic technologies – Gasoline and diesel biodesulfurization – Theselective removal of sulfur, nitrogen and metals.

UNIT-III

Enzymatic catalysis on petroleum products – Desulfurization of gaseousstreams.

UNIT-IV

Prospects for biological upgrading of heavy oils and asphaltenes.

UNIT-V

Whole cell bioprocessing of aromatic compounds in crude oil and fuels.

UNIT-VI

Biocatalysis by methane mono oxygenase and its implication for petroleumindustry.

UNIT-VII

Bio-corrosion and molecular tools in microbial corrosion.

UNIT-VIII

Biological treatment of polluted air emissions.

Biotreatment of water pollutants from the petroleum industry.

Future directions of applications of biotechnology – Technology needs.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Petroleum Biotechnology: Developments and Perspectives, RafaelVazquez – Duhalt, Rodolfo Quintero Ranuruz, Elsevier, 2004.




PROJECT WORK

The project work may consist of any one of the following:

a) The project work should consist of a comprehensive design projectof one of the Petroleum Refinery Units/ a Petrochemical plant in theform of a report with the following chapters:

1. Introduction

2. Physical and chemical properties and uses

3. Literature survey for different processes

4. Selection of the process

5. Material and energy balances

6. Specific equipment design, ( Process as well as mechanical designwith drawing), including computer programs wherever possible, ofheat transfer equipments or separation equipments or reactors

7. General equipment specifications

8. Plant location and layout

9. Materials of construction

10. Health and safety factors

11. Preliminary cost estimation

12. Bibliography.

b) Modeling & Simulation of any petroleum refining unit/petrochemicalprocess.

c) Any experimental work with physical interpretations.

Syllabus R10 Petrochemical Engineering

Documents

Transcript of Syllabus R10 Petrochemical Engineering