SYLLABUS (1)

M.TECH (THERMAL POWER ENGINEERING)

PROPOSEDSYLLABUS

FORCREDIT BASED CURRICULUM

ONTHERMAL POWER ENGINEERING

(2011-12)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGINDUS UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, INDUS UNIVERSITY, RACHARDA VILLAGE, AHMEDABAD -


M.Tech. THERMAL POWER ENGINEERINGThe total credits required for completing the M.Tech. Programme in Mechanical Engineering is

SEMESTER 1

CODE COURSE OF STUDY L T P EXAM SCHEME CTHEORY TUTO. PRAC.Hrs. M M M

MT101 FUELS AND WORKING MEDIUM

03 3 100 04

MT102 ADVANCED GAS DYNAMICS

03 02 3 100 50 04

MT103 MECHANICAL DESIGN ASPECTS (VIBRATION AND TRIBOLOGY

03 02 3 100 50 04

MT104 ADVANCED HEAT TRANSFER

03 02 3 100 50 06

MT105 AREO-THERMODYNAMICS OF TURBO MACHINES

03 02 3 100 50 04

MT106 SEMINAR – 1 -- -- -- 03TOTAL 15 02 25

SEMESTER 2CODE COURSE OF STUDY L T P EXAM SCHEME C

THEORY TUTO. PRAC.Hrs M M M

MT201 DESIGN AND OPERATION OF TURBINES.

03 02 03 100 50 06

MT202 DESIGN OF COMPRESSOR, BLOWERS AND FANS.

04

MT203 DESIGN OF HEAT POWER EQVIPMENT

03 02 03 100 50 05

MT204 DESIGN OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

03 03 100 50 04

MT205 INSTRUMENTATION AND MECHANICAL CONTROL

03 03 100 03

MT206 SEMINAR – 2 -- -- -- 03TOTAL 12 25



SEMESTER 3

CODE COURSE OF STUDY L T P EXAM SCHEME CMT301 COMPUTATIONAL

FLUID DYNAMICS03 04 THEORY TUTO. PRAC. 06

MT302 ANALYSIS OF THERMAL POWER SYSTEMS

03 02 Hrs M M M 05

MT303 TECHNO-ECONOMICS OF POWER PLANTS

03 02 03 100 50 05

MT304 DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS

03 02 05

MT305 MINOR – PROJECT 03 100 50 0403 100 50

TOTAL 03 100 25

SEMESTER 4

CODE COURSE OF STUDY L T P EXAM SCHEME CTHEORY TUTO. PRAC.Hrs. M M M

MT401 DESIGN EXERCISE – CONVENTIONAL POWER PLANTS

03 02 3 100 100 05

MT402 DESIGN EXERCISE NON – CONVENTIONAL POWER PLANTS

03 02 100 100 05

MT405 MAJOR PROJECT 15TOTAL 25



MT102: ADVANCED GAS DYNAMICS

Teaching Scheme: ExaminationLecture: 3 hrs/week Paper: 100 Marks

Paper Duration: 3 hrs.

1. Review of Elementary PrinciplesMathematical Concepts, Thermodynamic Concepts for Control Mass Analysis

2. Control Volume AnalysisFlow Dimensionality and Average Velocity, Transformation of Material Derivative to a Control Volume Approach, Conservation of Mass, Conservation of Energy, Comments on Entropy, Pressure-Energy Equation, The Stagnation Concept, Stagnation Pressure-Energy Equation, Consequences of Constant Density.

3. Introduction to Compressible FlowSonic Velocity and Mach Number, Wave Propagation, Equations for Perfect Gases interms of Mach Number, h-s and T-s Diagrams.

4. Varying Area Adiabatic FlowGeneral Fluid Flow without Losses, Perfect Gas Flow with Losses, The reference concept, Isentropic Table, Nozzle operation and performance, Diffuser performance.

5. Standing Normal ShocksShock analysis for a general fluid, Working equations for perfect gases, Normal Shock table, Shocks in Nozzles, Supersonic wind tunnel.

6. Moving and Oblique ShocksNormal velocity superposition: Moving normal shocks, tangential velocity superposition: Oblique shocks, oblique shock analysis of perfect gas, oblique shock table and charts, Boundary condition of flow direction, Boundary condition of pressure equilibrium, Conical shocks.

7. Prandtl-Meyer FlowArgument for isentropic turning flow, Analysis of Prandtl–Meyer flow, Prandtl- Meyer function, overexpanded and underexpanded nozzles, supersonic airfoils.

8. Fanno FlowAnalysis for a General fluid, Working equations for perfect gases, reference state and Fanno table, applications, correlation with shocks, friction chocking.



9. Rayleigh FlowAnalysis for a general fluid, Working equations for perfect gases, reference state and Rayleigh table, applications, correlation with shocks, thermal chocking due to heating.

10. Real Gas EffectsBehavior of real gases, Equations of states and compressibility factors, semi perfect gas behavior.

Reference Books:1. Zucker R. D. and Biblarz Oscar, “Introduction to Gas Dynamics”, John Wiley and Sons.

Inc., Second Edition[2002]2. A. H. Shapiro, “Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Compressible Fluid Flow”, MIT

Press.3. Zucrow, “Gas Dynamics”, Vol I,



MT104: ADVANCED HEAT TRANSFER



1. Overview of the subject of heat transfer with orientation to applications. The various boundary conditions. Analytical solutions for temperature distribution. Concept of thermal resistance, contact resistance. Problems related to anisotropic materials. Numerical methods for fin analysis.

2. Transient Conduction: Lumped capacitance and its validity, General lumped capacitance analysis, spatial effects. Problems related with conventional geometries.

3. Principle of Fluid flow and Convective heat transfer. Concept of velocity and thermal boundary layers: Laminar and Turbulent flow. Navier-stokes equations and convection equation. Boundary layer approximations and special conditions. Boundary layer similarity. The normalized convection transfer equations. Dimensionless parameters & physical significance. Reynolds analogy, Chilton-Colburn analogy.

4. Forced Convection (External Flow) Empirical method. Flat plate in parallel flow. The Blasius solution (highlights only), local and average Nusselt number calculations, mixed boundary layer considerations.Forced Convection (Internal Flow)Laminar flow in a pipe, friction factor, thermal considerations, mean temperature, constant heat flux and constant wall temperature. Thermal analysis and convection correlations for laminar flow in circular tubes. Evaluation of Nusselt number, Marcos and Bergles correlation.Convection correlations: Turbulent flow in circular tubes, for non circular tubes. Heat transfer enhancement, Passive, active and compound techniques.

5. Free Convection:Physical considerations, governing equations, similarity considerations. Laminar free convection on a vertical surface, effects of turbulence. Empirical correlations for external free convection flows for various geometries and orientations. Free convection within parallel plate channels. Empirical correlations for enclosures. Mixed convection.



6. Boiling and CondensationBoiling modes, the boiling curve, modes of pool boiling, correlations. Forced convection boiling. Two phase flow. Condensation: Physical mechanisms, laminar film condensation on a vertical plate. Turbulent film condensation, film condensation on radial systems, film condensation in horizontal tubes, on banks of tubes. Dropwise condensation correlations.

7. Thermal RadiationFundamental concepts, Radiation Intensity: Relation to emission, irradiation and radiosity. Black body radiation and associated laws. Spherical and hemispherical properties. Environmental radiation. Radiation exchange between surfaces, the view factor, black and gray surfaces, Network method, Reradiating surfaces. Multimode heat transfer. Gaseous emission and absorption.

8. Cooling of Electronic EquipmentIntroduction: Manufacturing, Chip carrier, PCB’s, the enclosure, Cooling load of electronic equipment, thermal environment, electronics cooling in different applications. Conduction cooling, conduction in chip carriers and PCB’s. Heat frames, Air cooling, Cooling of PC’s, Liquid cooling, Immersion cooling. Ablative , transpiration and high speed cooling.

Reference books:1. Incropera and Dewitt. Fundamentals of heat and mass transfer. John Wiley and sons.2. Yunus Cengel: Heat transfer - an practical application. Tata Mc Graw Hill.3. M.N. Ozisik - Heat transfer a basic approach - Mc Graw Hill Int.4. A Bejan – Convective heat transfer.- John Wiley and sons.5. J.P. Holman- Heat transfer, Mc Graw Hill, Int.6. S.P. Sukhatme, Heat transfer, University Press



MT105: AEROTHERMODYNAMICS OF TURBOMACHIES

Teaching Scheme: Examination.Lecture: 3 hrs/week Paper: 100 Marks.


1. Axi-symmetric flows in rotating and stationary PASSAGE - Geometry of blade surfaces - Equilibrium conditions of flow - Influence of conditions at leading edge of blades - Flow conditions at rotor inlet and at rotor outlet - Flow in rotors with arbitrary blades - Methods of solution - correction for finite spacing and thickness of blades - Experimental results.

2. Quasi two-dimensional flows in turbomachines - Quasi two dimensional flow on surface of revolution - Irrotational flows on cylindrical stream surfaces - Blade force and circulation - systems of vortex lines as replacement for cascades - Axial cascades replaced by vortex sheet - Biot - Savart's law applied to vortex system for cascade with non -radial blades.

REFERENCES :

1. Aerothermodynamics and flow in turbomachines Vavra, M.H ., John Wiley 1960.2. Aerodynamics and thermodynamics of compressible fluids, Vol. I & II, Shapiro A.H.,

Ronald Press, 1965.3. Axial flow compressors - Horlock J.H., Butter worth London,1973.4. Axial flow turbines - Horlock J.H., Butter worth, London,1973.5. Mathematical theory of compressible fluid flow - Richard Von Mosses - Academia Press.

N.Y., 1958.6. SM Yahya7. Hawthorne,



MT201: DESIGN OF THERMAL TURBOMACHINE



1. Design of compressors - Centrifugal compressor - Inlet section – Impeller passages - Effect of impeller blade shape on performance - Impeller channel - Vaneless and vaned diffusers - Effect of Mach number - Design procedure.

2. Axial flow compressor - stage characteristics - Blading efficiency – Design parameters - Blade loading - Lift coefficient and solidity - Three dimensional flow considerations - Radial equilibrium design approach - Actuator disc theory approach - Design procedure and calculations.

3. Design of Turbine flow passages - Introduction - Isentropic Velocity ratio - Energy distribution in turbines - Effect of carryover velocity on energy distribution.

4. Impulse turbine flow passages - Blade pitch and width - Blade height – Blade entrance and exit angles - Geometry of impulse blade profiles - Losses in impulse blade passages - Design procedure for single stage and multistage impulse turbines.

5. Reaction turbine flow passages - Reaction blade profiles - Blade angles - Gauging and pitch - Blade width and height - Losses in reaction blade passages - Degree of reaction - design procedure for impulse – reaction turbines - Calculations for axial thrust - Turbines for optimum capacity.

6. Flow passage with radial equilibrium - The free vortex turbine - Turbine with constant specific mass flow - Turbines with constant nozzle angle - comparison of radial equilibrium design - off design performance using radial equilibrium theory - Actuator disc theory - Single parameter analysis - Stream line curvature methods - Discussion.REFERENCES :

1. Lee J.E., “Steam & Gas Turbine”, McGraw Hill, 1962.2. Shlyakhin P., “Steam Turbines -Theory & Design”, Peace Publications, Moscow, 1965.3. Harlock J.H., “Axial Flow Compressors”, Butter Worth London, 1958.4. Harlock J.H., “Axial Flow Turbines”, Butter Worth London, 1973.5. Eck B., “Fans”, Pergamum, 1972.6. Yahya S.M., “ Turbo Machine”, Tata McGraw Hill, 19927. Frank P. Beleier, “Fan Hand Book Selection, Application and Design”8. Saravanamootoo, H.I.H., & Rogers, G.F.C., “Gas Turbine Theory” Person Education

(Singapore) Pvt. Ltd., Indian Branch, New Delhi 2001.



MT203: Design of Heat Power EqvipmentsTeaching Scheme: ExaminationLecture: 3 hrs/week Paper: 100 Marks


1. Basic design methods for heat exchanger- Design of shell and tube type heat exchanger, TEMA code.

2. Plate heat exchanger, Compact heat exchanger, Codes of mechanical design of heat exchanger.

3. Computerized methods for design and analysis of heat exchanger.

4. Performance enhancement of heat exchanger, fouling of heat exchanger. Testing, evaluation and maintenance of heat exchanger.

5. Power plant heat exchanger, heat exchanger for heat recovery at low, medium and high temperatures.

6. Regenerators, Principles of boiler design, recuperators, matrix heat exchanger and heat pipe exchanger.

7. Furnaces, Radiative heat exchangers.

8. Recent developments in heat exchangers.

References1. Heat Transfer by F. Incropera and D. DeWitt or other basic undergraduate heat transfer

textbook.2. Compact Heat Exchangers by W. Kays and A. London, National Press.3. Compact Heat Exchangers by R. Shah, A. Kraus, D. Metzger, Hemsisphere Publishing

Corporation.4. Heat Exchanger Design By Fraas, Arthur P. Fraas, M Necati Özisik Wiley-IEEE.5. Heat exchanger, Design, rating and Selection, Sadik Kakac, CRC Press.6. Heat Exchangers Thermal Hydraulic Fundamentals and Design by S. Kakac, A. , Bergles,

F. Mayinger, McGraw-Hill Book Company.7. Automotive Heating and Air Conditioning by Tom Birch, Prentice Hall.



MT204: Design of Nuclear Power Plant



1. Nuclear Materials I :

Introduction to properties and selection of materials for nuclear steam supply systems and radiation effects on materials. Implications of radiation damage to reactor materials and materials problems in nuclear engineering.

2. Nuclear Materials II :

Overview of nuclear steam supply systems, crystal structure and defects, dislocation theory, mechanical properties Radiation damage, hardening and embrittlement due to radiation exposure Problems concerned with fission and fusion materials.

3. Radiation and reactor fundamentals:

Basics of nuclear physics and reactor physics. Atomic and nuclear models, nuclear reactions, nuclear fission, radioactive decay, neutron interactions.

4. Nuclear Reactors:

Nuclear reactors Neutron diffusion in non-multiplying and multiplying systems, and basic nuclear

reactor kinetics.

5. Nuclear Fuel cycle:

Processing of nuclear fuel with description of mining, milling, conversion, enrichment, fabrication, irradiation, shipping, reprocessing and waste disposal.

6. Nuclear Fuel cycle Economics:

Fuel cycle economics and fuel cost calculation. In-core and out-of-core nuclear fuel management, engineering concepts and methodology.



References:

1. M. M. El-Wakil: Nuclear Power Engineering, McGraw Hill, 1962 2. R. H. S. Winterton: Thermal Design of Nuclear Reactors, Pergamon Press, 1981 3. R. L. Murray: Introduction to Nuclear Engineering, Prentice Hall, 1961 University of

Pune 10 | P a g e 4. Olander, Donald R., "Fundamental Aspects of Nuclear Reactor Fuel Elements," TID-

26711-P1, Technical Information Center, Springfield, Virginia, March 1985 5. Smith, Charles, O., “Nuclear Reactor Materials,” Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1967.



MT205: MEASUREMENT, INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL



Concept and layout of Control and Instrumentation in Thermal Power Plant, Pressure Measurement and measuring instruments, Temperature measurement and measuring instruments ,Flow measurement and measuring instruments, Level Measurement and measuring Instruments, Practical demonstration on pressure and flow measurements, Practical demonstration on level temperature measurements, Protection and interlocks of Boiler, Turbine and their auxiliaries, Introduction to auto control, Auto control loops used in thermal power stations, Turbo visionary instrumentation Parameters limits, Basic concepts of measuring devices, Analytical Instrumentation for boiler Water, Steam, Flue Gas, H2/O2/CO2 Introduction to MAX DNA, Introduction to new / latest technology in Control and Instrumentation in modern thermal power station.



MT301: Computational Fluid Dynamics



1. Classification of partial differential equations - Discretization methods - finite difference and finite volume formulations –classificatrion of PDES.

2. Numerical solution of elliptical equations - Linear system of algebraic equations – Iterative solution of system of linear equation.

3. Model Equations – Wave equations - Numerical solution of parabolic equations – Stability analysis – Advanced shock capturing schemes.

4. Solutions of convection - Diffusion equation – Conservative and non-conservative schemes – concept of artificial viscosity and Numerical Diffusion.

5. Navier-Stokes equations and algorithms; Basics of grid generation- Numerical solution ofhyperbolic equations - Burgers equation generation.

References1. Tannehill, J.c., Anderson, D.A., and Pletcher, R.H., Computational Fluid Mechanics and

Heat Tran5fer, 2nd ed., Taylor & Francis, 1997.2. Hoffmann, K.A. and Chiang, S.T., Computational Fluid Dynamics for Engineers,

Engineering Education Systems, 2000.3. Peyret, R. and Taylor, T. D., Computational Methods for Fluid Flow, Springer-Verlag,

1983.



MT302: Gas Turbine Cycles



1. Open cycle, Twin Shaft Arrangement, Multi Spool Arrangement of Gas Turbines, Closed Cycles, Air Craft Propulsion, Environmental Issues.

2. Ideal Cycles, Combustion and Combustion Chambers, Component Losses, performance calculations Comparison with practical Cycles.

3. Criteria for performance, Intake & Propelling Nozzle efficiency, Simple Turbo –Jet Cycles, Turbo Fan Engine, Turbo -prop engines, Turbo Shaft engines, Thrust augmentation.

4. Prediction of Performance of Simple Gas Turbine, Methods for Improving Part –load Performance, Matching Procedure for Turbo -fan Engines Transient behaviour of Gas Turbines, Performance Deterioration and principle of control system.

Reference:1. Saravanamootoo, H.I.H., & Rogers, G.F.C., “Gas Turbine Theory” Person Education

(Singapore) Pvt. Ltd.., Indian Branch, New Delhi 2001.2. Somasundaram S.L., “Gas Dynamics & Jet Propulsion”, New Age International (P) Ltd.,

New Delhi, 19963. Barlit V., “Lecture Notes Delivered at Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd.”, Vol.I & Vol. II,

1966.4. Canady G., “Theory of Turbomachines” McGraw Hill Book Co., N.Y. 19645. Jain J.K., “Gas Turbine Theory & Jet Propulsion” Khanna Pub lisher, Delhi 1995.6. Yahya S.M., “Gas Turbine Theory” Ganeshan, V., “Gas Turbine”, Tata McGraw Hill,

1999.


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