Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 15: IPv6 Instructor & Todd Lammle.
Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.
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Transcript of Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.
![Page 1: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’sInstructor & Todd Lammle
![Page 2: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Chapter 9 Objectives
The CCNA Topics Covered in this chapter include:
• What is a VLAN?
• VLAN Memberships
• VLAN links
• Frame tagging
• VTP
• Trunking
• Configuring VLANs
• Inter-VLAN Communication
• Configuration examples
2
![Page 3: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Virtual LANs (VLANs)
• Definition: A logical grouping of network users and resources connected to administratively defined ports on a switch.– Smaller broadcast domains– Organized by:
• Location• Function• Department• Application or protocol
![Page 4: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Switches
![Page 5: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Features of VLANs
• Simplify network management
• Provides a level of security over a flat network
• Flexibility and Scalability
![Page 6: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Broadcast Control
• Broadcasts occur in every protocol
• Bandwidth & Broadcasts
• Flat network
• VLANs & Broadcasts
![Page 7: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Flat Network Structure
![Page 8: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Security
• Flat network problems
• VLANs
![Page 9: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Flexibility & Scalability
• Layer-2 switches only read frames– Can cause a switch to forward all
broadcasts
• VLANs – Essentially create broadcast domains
• Greatly reduces broadcast traffic• Ability to add wanted users to a VLAN
regardless of their physical location• Additional VLANs can be created when
network growth consumes more bandwidth
![Page 10: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Switched Network
![Page 11: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Physical LANs Connected To A Router
![Page 12: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
VLANs Remove The Physical Boundary
![Page 13: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
VLAN Memberships• Static VLANs
– Typical method of creating VLANs
– Most secure
• A switch port assigned to a VLAN always
maintains that assignment until changed
• Dynamic VLANs– Node assignment to a VLAN is automatic
• MAC addresses, protocols, network addresses,
etc
– VLAN Management Policy Server (VMPS)
• MAC address database for dynamic assignments
• MAC-address to VLAN mapping
![Page 14: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Identifying VLANs
• Access links– A link that is part of only one VLAN
• Trunk links– Carries multiple VLANs
![Page 15: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Identifying VLANs (cont.)
![Page 16: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Frame Tagging
• Definition: A means of keeping track of users & frames as they travel the switch fabric & VLANs– User-defined ID assigned to each
frame– VLAN ID is removed before
exiting trunked links & access links
![Page 17: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
VLAN ID Methods
• Inter-Switch Link (ISL)– Cisco proprietary– FastEthernet & Gibabit Ethernet
only• IEEE 802.1q
– Must use if trunking between Cisco & non-Cisco switch
![Page 18: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Inter-Switch Link (ISL) Protocol
• Definition: A means of explicitly tagging VLAN information onto an Ethernet frame– Allows VLANs to be multiplexed
over a trunk line– Cisco proprietary– External tagging process
![Page 19: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP)
• Purpose: to manage all configured VLANs across a switch internetwork & maintain consistency– Allows an administrator to add,
delete, & rename VLANs
![Page 20: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
VTP Benefits
• Benefits– Consistent configuration– Permits trunking over mixed
networks– Accurate tracking– Dynamic reporting– Plug-and-Play
• A VTP server must be created to manage VLANs
![Page 21: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
VTP Modes
![Page 22: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
VTP Modes of Operation
• Server– Default for all Catalyst switches– Minimum one server for a VTP domain
• Client– Receives information + sends/receives
updates– Cannot make any changes
• Transparent– Does not participate in a VTP domain
but forwards VTP advertisements– Can add/delete VLANs– Locally significant
![Page 23: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Router with Individual VLAN associations
![Page 24: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Routing Between VLANs
![Page 25: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Configuring VLANs
• Creating VLANs
• Assigning Switch Ports to VLANs
• Configuring Trunk Ports
• Configuring Inter-VLAN routing
![Page 26: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Configuring VTP
• Switches are configured to be VTP servers by default.
![Page 27: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
InterVLAN Configuration Example
![Page 28: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Example 2
![Page 29: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Example 3
![Page 30: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Example 4
![Page 31: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Configuring Switching In Our Sample Internetwork
![Page 32: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
2950C
![Page 33: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
2950B
![Page 34: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Setting Up Trunking
![Page 35: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Inter-VLAN communication
![Page 36: Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061512/56649dc65503460f94abb3cc/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Written Labs and Review Questions
– Open your books and go through all the written labs and the review questions.
– Review the answers in class.
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