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Transcript of SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006 HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote...
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Application of Hyperspectral Data
Bio-sciences
Lammert Kooistra and Michael Schaepman Wageningen University
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Introduction
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Introduction
• Bio-science applications originating from imaging spectrometer data products are in most cases indirectly derived and require the use of ‘models’ (e.g., radiances – PRI – LUE – DVM – Biodiversity).
• Directly derived bio-science applications from imaging spectrometer data are sparse (e.g., LUCC) or often site specific.
• Wageningen UR (CGI) is currently focusing on the integration of imaging spectrometer data derived products into dynamic vegetation models.
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Applications I
• Variables– Mostly being used as input for a model that needs to
produce a spatially explicit output• Parameters
– Mostly being used to constrain a model or other parameters (not too much relevance for the bio-domain)
• Applications– Higher level product the involves the use of
{statistical, physical} models• Products
– Can be any of the above
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Applications II
• Relevant Bio-Science Variables– At-sensor radiance– Surface reflectance– (Spectral) Albedo– fAPAR– fCover / gap fraction– LAI– Leaf/canopy pigments (Chlorophyll, Xantophyll, Cellulose, etc.)– Leaf/canopy water– Leaf/canopy dry matter– Foliage temperature– Soil temperature– fLiving/fDead biomass (litter) / SOC
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Applications III
• Relevant Bio-Science Products– Albedo– Efficiency (Light Use, Water Use, Rain Use)– LUCC, VCC– GPP, aNPP, NPP– Biodiversity– Ecosystem, habitat, species distribution– Crop growth and yield estimation – Plant stress (nitrogen; water)– Forest inventories (e.g., forest area, forest type, fragmentation, biomass, stem
volume, crown diameter)– Carbon sequestration (reforestation, afforestation, deforestation)– Ecosystem resilience– Ecosystem services– Fire (health, water stress, fuel type, activation energy)
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Application IV
• Imaging spectroscopy measures radiance (with spatial (2D), spectral, temporal, directional (2D), and polarization dependencies)
• However the reflectance of a canopy is a function of its geometry, structure, biochemistry, and geochemistry.
• We employ mainly quantitative statistical or physical models (or a combination of both) to bridge the gap that imaging spectroscopy cannot measure any of the canopy parameters directly (sometimes this is (erroneously) referred to as being the ill-posed problem)
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Example I
fAPAR PRI ANPP (LUE approach)MJm-2day-1
Regional estimates of aboveground Net Primary Productivity (aNPP) for a river floodplain
Issues:- Regional scale ecosystem modeling- DVM initialisation, calibration and validation- Scenario development including human impact Aduaka, U. et al., 2006
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Example IISpecies abundance maps
fAPAR PRI
Issues:- Level of detail increases with increasing spatial
resolution- Many RTM’s are sensitive to the shadow fraction- Parameterizations of models need to account
horizontal competition
Spatial abundance map for Rubus caesius based on combined approach of SMA and radiative transfer modelling
PFT1: Grazed Grassland PFT2: mixed herb
Liras, E. et al., 2005
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Example III Field / Laboratory Observations
DART 3D spruce „mock-up“
Laboratory measurement of the needle optical properties
Radiative Transfer Modelling (DART)
Spatial (3D) measurement of the tree structural parameters
RGB = NIR,G,B
RGB = NIR,G,B
v = 48° v = 225°
NADIR simulated forest
OFF-NADIR simulated forest stand
Malenovsky, Z. et al., 2006
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Example IV
Three Gorges Region,China
EO-1 Hyperion data
Zheng, Y. et al., 2006
Issues:-Bridging scaling gaps from local to regional-Combined physical and statistical model calibration-Assessing ecosystem services
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Example V
l
h
Seasonal Patterns - Fused images
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
J an March April May J une J uly Aug Sept Nov Dec
Time of the year
ND
VI
valu
es
cerrado
eucalyptus
pasture
"new" cerrado
Acerbi, F. et al., 2006
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Example VI Sub-pixel Land Cover mapping with
MERIS
Identification of
endmembers
Sub-pixel accuracy
Reference dataset (LGN)
Zurita-Milla, R. et al., 2006
Issues:-Requirement to map LUCC at high spatial resolution-Vegetation Cover Conversion (state vectors)-Phenology
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Developments I
• Bridging scaling gaps will be come more relevant (genetics – molecules – leaves – plants – canopies – ecosystems)
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Developments II
• In-situ networks (SensorWeb), data assimilation and applied optimal estimation methods will further constrain degrees of freedom
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Developments III
• In coupled human-environment systems monitoring of transitional zones (ecotones – habitat, ecosystem boundaries) deserve more attention
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Developments IV
• Holistic views striving to describe the Earth System better in all relevant aspects will result in more detailed spectroscopic analysis
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Developments V
• 3-D radiative transfer approaches in partly cloudy atmospheres
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Developments VI
• Biochemical applications concentrate on the retrieval of moisture content, C, N, and (potentially) P cycles
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Developments VII
• Coupled systems (soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer (SVAT)) must emphasize on the soil component
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Discussion Points
• Imaging spectroscopy of vegetation is one of the most challenging applications in remote sensing due to the multitude of simultaneously influencing factors and that none of the measurements is a direct measurement
• Semantic interoperability is the (unexplored) link between remote sensing and vegetation research (PFT, Albedo, reflectance, etc.)
• In characterizing the SVAT (soil-vegetation-atmosphere-transfer) scheme, the S remains the least explored so far (no parametric soil model avaiable)
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SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006
HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions
Discussion Points
• Spectral band redundancy discussions should be replaced with full spectral coverage discussions, making use of the contiguity criterion of spectral measurements
• Spectroscopy has most significantly advanced the understanding of interactions of photons with vegetation. We are looking forward for photon-matter interactions.
• Spectroscopy alone will not be able to solve current issues to the full extend: we need phenology (time series), ground measurements (data assimilation), and other technologies (fluorescence, SAR, LIDAR, etc.) to complement spectroscopy